人教版（2024）九年级上册（2024）Unit 5 Power of IdeasSection B1a-1f教学课件ppt

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1. 掌握并正确运用词汇：reality, respnsible, respnsible fr sth., rapid, shape, brnze, ware, stne, jute, fibre, expensive, fficer, wrkshp, nne, ideal, bark, certain, suitable, liquid, cheap, creatin, later n, speed up, result in, lead t, birth, rapidly, affrd, cmpany, sticky, prductin, gradually, widely2. 能介绍某样发明的历史、制作过程和带来的影响：① In the first step ... Then ... Next ... Finally ... ② ... nt nly ... but als ... ③ It led t ... This resulted in ...
D yu knw what the fur great inventins f ancient China are?
Papermaking
Mveable Type
Hw d we turn ideas int reality? (教材P46 Sectin B 标题)
reality /riˈæləti/ n. 现实；事实
With hard wrk, we can turn ur dreams int reality.通过努力，我们可以把梦想为现实。
He finally accepted the reality f failure.他最终接受了失败的事实。
His plan is ut f tuch with reality and can never be realized.他的计划脱离现实，永远无法实现。
turn sth. int reality 将……变为现实
ut f tuch with reality 脱离现实
What material are these things made f? Find mre things that are made f this material.
All these things are made f paper.
Mre things made f paper: newspapers, ntebks, calendars, paper kites, etc.
An Inventin That Changed the WrldCan yu imagine a wrld withut bks, newspapers, r magazines? All f these things depend n ne inventin—papermaking. It, mre than any ther inventin, was respnsible fr the rapid spread f infrmatin that shaped ur mdern wrld.In ancient China, many different materials were used t write n, such as animal bnes, brnze ware, stnes, wd, bamb, and even silk. In the Western Han Dynasty, there was als a very early frm f paper made frm jute—a fibre that cmes frm plants. Hwever, all f these materials were either difficult t use and stre, r very expensive.
Read the text and match each paragraph with its tpic.
be used t d sth. 被用来做某事
As the head fficer f the palace wrkshp fr the emperr in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun became interested in trying t slve the prblem. Different methds fr creating smething t write n were tried, but nne were ideal. In his time, sme kinds f bark—the uter part f trees—were used t make clthes. Frm past experiences, Cai Lun gt the idea that bark, certain plants, and ld clthes culd be used t make a special material suitable t write n.
becme interested in ding sth. 变得对做某事感兴趣
the methd fr ding sth. 做某事的方法
In the first step f Cai Lun’s experiment, all the ingredients were mixed and biled in water. Then, this material was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water again. Next, the liquid was pured ver a bamb screen, leaving just the fibre. Finally, this fibre was dried and pressed t frm paper. T everyne’s surprise, this paper was sft, light, easy t make and use, and mst imprtantly, cheap. In 105 CE, Cai Lun shwed his creatin t the emperr. The emperr was very pleased and praised Cai Lun fr his great wrk.
t ne’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是
praise sb. fr sth. 因某事称赞某人
Later n, the papermaking technique nt nly speeded up the develpment f Chinese culture, but als changed civilizatins arund the wrld. It first spread t China’s neighburing cuntries and finally reached Eurpe thrugh Arab cuntries in the 12th century. When the use f paper and printing came tgether in later centuries, it led t a rapid increase in the number f bks. This resulted in a new birth f knwledge, creating the wrld we have tday.
Paragraph 1A. Early materials t write nParagraph 2B. Cai Lun’s experimentParagraph 3C. Intrductin t the tpicParagraph 4D. Hw paper changed the wrldParagraph 5E. Cai Lun’s creative idea
It, mre than any ther inventin, was respnsible fr the rapid spread f infrmatin that shaped ur mdern wrld. (教材P46 1b)
respnsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 作为原因的；有责任的
The flds were respnsible fr ver a hundred deaths.洪水造成一百多人死亡。
respnsible fr sth. 引起某事
We shuld be respnsible fr what we share nline.我们应该对我们在网上分享的东西负责。Mary is respnsible fr training new staff.玛丽负责培训新员工。
be respnsible fr (ding) sth. 对（做）某事负责任
[形容词] 可靠的，可信任的Yu can leave the children with Billy—he’s very respnsible.你可以把孩子们交给比利，他非常可靠。
shape /ʃeɪp/ v. 塑造 n. 形状
Like it r nt, ur families shape ur lives and make us what we are. 不管喜欢与否，我们的家庭塑造我们的生活并铸就我们的个性。
① v. 塑造；影响……的发展
in shape 在形状上in the shape f 呈……形状ut f shape 变形的，走样的
This island is square in shape.这个岛呈正方形。
shape /ʃeɪp/ v. 塑造 n. 形状
My grandma can cut ut patterns in the shape f cartn characters.我奶奶可以剪出卡通人物形状的图案。His ld hat is quite ut f shape.他的旧帽子已不成样子了。
Hwever, all f these materials were either difficult t use and stre, r very expensive. (教材P46 1b)
或者……或者……；要么……要么……
We can either g t the mvies r g shpping this evening. We dn’t have enugh time t d bth. 今晚我们要么去看电影，要么去购物。我们没有足够的时间做两件事。
表示从两者中任选其一，用于连接两个并列成分。当连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与离其最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。
Either Jenny r the twins are ging t the cinema with me.要么珍妮，要么那对双胞胎要和我一起去看电影。
和the twins保持一致
expensive /ɪkˈspensɪv/ adj. 昂贵的；价格高的
This cat is t expensive. Please shw me a cheap ne.这件外套太贵了。请给我拿一件便宜的。She gt an expensive handbag as a birthday gift frm her uncle.她收到了叔叔送的一个昂贵的手提包作为生日礼物。
反义词为cheap“便宜的”，常用expensive或cheap来形容物品的贵或便宜。
以元音音素开头，前面的不定冠词应用an
表示价格的高或低要用high或lw。The price f this kind f tea is high and that kind is lw.这种茶叶的价格高，那种的价格低。
Different methds fr creating smething t write n were tried, but nne were ideal. (教材P46 1b)
nne /nʌn/ prn. 没有一个；毫无
—Hw many apples can yu see n the tree? 你能看到树上有多少个苹果？—Nne. 一个也没有。Nne f the news was very exciting.没有一条消息是激动人心的。
Nne f these pens wrks/wrk.这些钢笔没有一支能用。N ne/Nbdy is perfect.人无完人。
ideal /aɪˈdiːəl/ adj. 最合适的；理想的n. 理想；完美的人（或事物）
The weather is ideal fr a trip.这天气特别适合旅行。
She has an ideal jb that allws her t wrk and study at the same time.她有一份理想的工作，能让她兼顾工作和学习。
T be a scientist is his lifelng ideal.成为一名科学家是他毕生的理想。
In his eyes, his grandfather is the ideal f kindness and hnesty.在他眼里，爷爷是善良和诚实的完美典范。
同义词为perfect，常与介词fr连用
Frm past experiences, Cai Lun gt the idea that bark, certain plants, and ld clthes culd be used t make a special material suitable t write n. (教材P46 1b)
certain /ˈsɜːtn/ adj. 某些；确定的prn.（不提及人或事物的名称时用）某些
Certain peple might disagree with this.某些人对这事可能不会赞同。（作形容词）
① [形容词]&[代词] 某些
certain f... ……中的一些/若干
Certain f the students have finished their hmewrk.某些学生已经完成了他们的家庭作业。（作代词）
② [形容词] 确定的
be certain f/abut... 对……确信无疑be certain t d sth. 确定会做某事fr certain 肯定；确定；无疑be certain + (that)从句 确定……
→反义词为uncertain“不确定的”
She is certain f winning the English speech cntest.她对赢得英语演讲比赛确信无疑。She is certain t pass the exam because she has studied hard.她一定会通过考试，因为她学习很努力。
N ne knws fr certain when the meeting will start.没人确定会议什么时候开始。I am certain that he will keep his prmise.我确定他会遵守诺言。
suitable /ˈsuːtəbl/ adj. 合适的；适宜的
由“suit (v. 适合) + -able (形容词后缀)”构成。
Yunnan is suitable fr visiting all year rund.云南一年四季都适合游览。
be suitable fr 适合……be suitable t d sth. 适合做某事
suitable /ˈsuːtəb(ə)l/ adj. 合适的；适宜的
I dn’t think yu are suitable t d the jb.我认为你不适合做这份工作。
Later n, the papermaking technique nt nly speeded up the develpment f Chinese culture, but als changed civilizatins arund the wrld. (教材P46 1b)
speed up （使）加速
The train speeded up gradually after leaving the statin.火车离开车站后，逐渐加快了速度。Can yu try and speed things up a bit?你能不能设法加快一点事情的进度？
反义短语为slw dwn “（使）放慢速度”。
nt (als)... 不仅……而且……
The stry is nt nly interesting but (als) educatinal.这个故事不仅有趣，而且有教育意义。Su Shi has a great influence n peple nt nly fr his pems, but als fr his ptimistic spirit.苏轼对人们的影响不仅在于他的诗歌，还在于他的乐观精神。
① 用于连接两个并列成分。
Nt nly the teacher but (als) the students were against the plan.不仅那位老师，学生们也反对该项计划。Nt nly I but (als) my sister enjys dancing.不仅我，连我妹妹也喜欢跳舞。
② 连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词要与其靠近的主语在人称和数上保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。
Nt nly can he speak English, but (als) he can speak Chinese.他不仅会说英语，还会说汉语。
③ 连接两个并列分句且nt nly位于句首时，nt nly后的分句要使用部分倒装语序。
When the use f paper and printing came tgether in later centuries, it led t a rapid increase in the number f bks. (教材P46 1b)This resulted in a new birth f knwledge, creating the wrld we have tday. (教材P46 1b)
lead t 导致；造成 result in 造成；导致
Heavy rain led t/resulted in flds in the village.大雨造成了村庄的洪水。His actins culd lead t/result in him lsing his jb.他的行为会让他丢掉工作。
两者为同义短语，有时可互换。
lead t/result in sb./sth. ding sth.导致某人/某物做某事
Find ut what these prnuns frm the text refer t.
It in Paragraph 1: ______________________________________It in Paragraph 5: ______________________________________it in Paragraph 5: ______________________________________This in Paragraph 5: ____________________________________
Understanding reference wrdsNticing what prnuns refer t will help yu understand hw different parts f the reading are cnnected.
papermaking
the papermaking technique
the use f paper and printing (cming tgether)
the rapid inerease in the number f bks
Read again and cmplete the table.
difficult t use and stre; very expensive
sft; light; easy t make and use; cheap
animal bnes; brnze ware; stnes; wd; bamb; silk; jute; etc.
bark, certain plants, ld clthes
Put the sentences in rder. Then retell the prcess f making paper in yur wn wrds.
____ A. The material was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water.____ B. All the ingredients were mixed and biled in water.____ C. The fibre was dried and pressed t frm paper.____ D. The liquid was pured ver a bamb screen, leaving just the fibre.
Discuss the questins.
1. What ther ancient Chinese inventins d yu knw? Hw was the wrld changed by them?
I knw tw ther ancient Chinese inventins—printing and the cmpass. Printing made bk prductin easier and cheaper, helping knwledge spread faster. The cmpass helped sailrs find their way easily when they sailed n the sea, which made lng-distance sea travels pssible.
2. What qualities d yu think a great inventr has?
I think a great inventr is creative, hard-wrking and persistent.
Cmplete the table with different frms f the wrds. Yu can add mre.
Vcabulary in Use
Chse the crrect wrd t cmplete each sentence.
1. The use f mdern medicine has helped cntrl/spread many dangerus diseases.2. News culd travel much mre rapidly/slwly with inventins like the radi and the televisin.3. Fibre made frm il prvides a(n) cheap/expensive slutin t the prblem that many peple cannt affrd t buy enugh clthes.4. A film was invented/prduced by a film cmpany t tell us abut what rbts culd d fr peple’s lives in the future.5. In January 1911, Feng Ru carried ut a secret/public test flight in Oakland City. He shwed the wrld what Chinese peple culd achieve.
Fibre made frm il prvides a cheap slutin t the prblem that many peple cannt affrd t buy enugh clthes. (教材P48 2b)
affrd /əˈfɔːd/ v. 买得起；能做
Tm can’t affrd the vilin because it’s t expensive.汤姆买不起那把小提琴，因为它太贵了。I can affrd t spend tw hurs reading every day.我能每天抽出两个小时读书。
通常与can、culd或be able t连用。
affrd t d sth. 负担得起做某事
Cmplete the passage with the crrect frms f the phrases in the bx. Then discuss hw an inventin like sticky ntes is turned int reality.
piece fstand upresult int sb.’s surprise
Did yu knw that an accident led t the inventin f sticky ntes? In 1968, a scientist named Spencer Silver was trying t make a strng glue. ____________, he prduced a glue that was really weak. It culd stick things, but it culd be remved very easily. The glue was interesting, but n ne culd find a use fr it.
T his surprise
piece fstand upresult int sb’s surprise
Then, in 1974, a man named Arthur Fry was trying t mark the pages in a sngbk using small ________ paper. Hwever, whenever he ________ t sing, the pieces fell t the flr. Then he remembered Silver’s glue. With the glue, the paper stayed in the sngbk, but it culd later be remved. Fry’s idea ________ the prductin f sticky ntes f many sizes and clurs. They gradually became ppular and nw are widely used all ver the wrld.
resulted in
They gradually became ppular and nw are widely used all ver the wrld. (教材P48 2c)
gradually /ˈɡrædʒuəli/ adv. 逐渐地；逐步地
His English has gradually imprved since he started reading every day.自从他开始每天阅读，他的英语逐渐提高了。Gradually, I fitted int the university and the city I wrk in.渐渐地，我融入了这所大学和我工作的城市。
可修饰动词、形容词或整个句子，同义短语为little by little和bit by bit。
reality, respnsible, rapid, shape, brnze, ware, stne, jute, fibre, expensive, fficer, wrkshp, nne, ideal, certain, suitable, liquid, cheap, creatin, birth, rapidly, affrd, cmpany, sticky, prductin, gradually, widely
respnsible fr sth., later n, speed up, result in, lead t
① In the first step ... Then ... Next ... Finally ...② ... nt nly ... but als ...③ It led t ... This resulted in ...