2026译林新版九年上册英语 Unit 2 Teenage problems! 讲义

这是一份2026译林新版九年上册英语 Unit 2 Teenage problems! 讲义，文件包含2026译林新版九年上册英语Unit2Teenageproblems讲义教师版docx、2026译林新版九年上册英语Unit2Teenageproblems讲义学生版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共76页， 欢迎下载使用。
Unit 2 Teenage problems!单词解析Teenage (形容词) 青少年的、十几岁的【用法讲解】 teenage在句中常作位于名词前作定语修饰名词。 Eg: Teenage students often face a lot of pressure from school and family. 青少年学生经常面临来自学校和家庭的许多压力。【常见搭配】 teenage years 青少年时期 Teenage life 青少年生活 Teenage problems 青少年问题 Eg: She faced many challenges during her teenage years. 她在青少年时期面临了许多挑战。Social media plays a significant role in modern teenage life. 社交媒体在现代青少年生活中扮演重要角色。Parents should pay more attention to teenage problems. 父母应该更多地关注青少年问题。【派生词】 teenager为名词，译为“青少年”。 Eg: There are many teenagers playing basketball in the park. 公园里有很多青少年在打篮球。【即学即用】青少年生活充满了挑战和机遇。 ________ _________ is full of challenges and opportunities.Many ___________ (teenage) enjoy social media. 答案：1. Teenage life 2. teenagersDrive (动词) 迫使、驾驶【用法讲解】 drive作动词，还可译为“推动”，其过去式为drove，过去分词为driven；drive还可作名词时，还可译为“驱车旅行”。Eg: She drives a car to work every day. 我每天开车上班。The farmer drove the cattle to the field. 农民把牛赶到田野。The team is driven to complete the project on time. 团队致力于按时完成项目。 She has a drive to succeed. 她有成功的冲动。I went for a drive in the countryside. 我开车去乡下。【常见搭配】 have a drive for ... 对...有冲劲、有对...的本能需求drive sb. crazy/ mad 使某人发疯或抓狂 Drive sb. away 赶走某人 Drive home sth. 强调某点 Drive out sth. 消除或根除某物 Take a drive 短途驾驶 Eg: Tom has a strong drive for knowledge, so he always studies hard. 汤姆对知识有强烈的冲劲，所以他总是努力学习。The constant delays are driving me mad! 不断的延误快把我逼疯了！High prices drove away potential buyers. 高价吓退了潜在买家。She drove home the need for teamwork. 她反复强调团队合作的必要性。Efforts to drive out invasive species continue. 根除外来入侵物种的努力持续进行。We took a drive to watch the sunset. 我们开车去看日落。【派生词】 driver为名词，译为“司机”。 Eg: The bus driver asked them to move along. 公共汽车司机让他们往里走走。【即学即用】有时金钱可以让人疯狂，甚至毁掉他们。 Sometimes money can _______ _______ ________ and even kill them.The ________ (drive) sits at the front of the bus. 答案：1. drive people crazy 2. driverMad (形容词) 气愤、疯的【用法讲解】 mad在句中常作定语或表语。 Eg: The mad scientist created a dangerous machine. 这位疯狂的科学家造了一台危险的机器。It’s a mad idea to drive without a map in the desert. 在沙漠里不带地图开车是个愚蠢的主意。【常见搭配】 be mad at sb. 因某事对某人生气 Be mad with/ about sth. 因某事愤怒（强调情绪失控） Be made over sth. 对某事物极度痴迷 Go mad 失控、发怒、沸腾 Drive sb. mad 使人发疯或极度烦躁 Eg: My mom was mad at me for breaking her vase. 我因打碎妈妈的花瓶而生她的气。She was mad with grief after the accident. 事故后她悲痛欲绝。He’s been mad over vintage cars since childhood. 他自幼痴迷古董车。The baby went mad the moment the toy was taken away. 玩具被拿走时婴儿突然发怒。The crowd went mad when the band appeared. 乐队出场时人群沸腾。Endless meetings are driving the team mad. 冗长会议使团队抓狂。【派生词】 madly为副词，译为“疯狂地”。 Eg: They danced madly under the moonlight. 他们在月光下疯狂起舞。【即学即用】 我妈妈因为我回家晚而生我的气。 My mom ______ ______ ______ me for coming home late. 答案：was mad atBe in low spirits 情绪低落 Eg: After falling the exam, he has been in low spirits for days.在考试不及格之后，他情绪低落。【即学即用】自从失业后，她一直情绪低落。 She has been ______ _______ _______ since she lost her job. 答案：in low spiritsLately (副词) 最近【用法讲解】 lately也可用于否定句或疑问句中，译为“不久前”，常与现在完成时连用。 Eg: She’s been very busy lately with her new job.她最近因为新工作非常忙。I haven’t heard from him lately.我最近没收到他的信息。What have you been up to lately?你最近在忙什么？【派生词】 late为形容词，译为“迟的、晚的”； later为副词，译为“后来”； latest为形容词，译为“最新的”。 Eg: She was late for the meeting because of the traffic jam.因为堵车，她开会迟到了。I’ll finish my homework later.我稍后再完成作业。Have you seen the latest movie by that director?你看过那位导演的最新电影了吗？【易混辨析】 lately与recently区别：lately更口语化，通常用于否定句或疑问句中，强调“从过去某时到现在”；recently更正式，可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句，强调“不久前”。 Eg: They haven’t been getting along well lately.他们最近相处得不太好。I recently moved to a new apartment.我最近搬到了新公寓。【即学即用】________ (late), the weather has been unpredictable. 答案：LatelyCut back on sth. 减少、削减、缩减 Eg: I need to cut back on sugar for my health.为了健康，我需要减少糖得摄入。The company is cutting back on unnecessary expenses.公司正在削减不必要的开支。【即学即用】经济衰退期间公司不得不裁员。 The company had to _______ ______ _______ staff during the recession. 答案：cut back onDecision (名词) 决定【用法讲解】 decision为可数名词，其复数形式为decisions。 Eg: The committee discussed several decisions in the meeting. 委员会在会议上讨论了几个决定。【常见搭配】 make a decision 做决定Eg: Finally, they made a decision to go there by plane. 最终，他们做出决定坐飞机去那。【派生词】 decide为动词，译为“决定”。 Eg: Before I decide, I need time to reflect. 在作出决定以前，我需要时间认真考虑。【常见搭配】decide to do sth. 决定做某事 Decide on/upon sth. 决定某事 Eg: We decided to go to the movies together. 我们决定一起去看电影。She decided upon a career in medicine. 她决定从事医学事业。【即学即用】They made an important ________ (decide) yesterday. 答案：decisionPatience (名词) 耐心【用法讲解】 patience为不可数名词，还可译为“耐性、忍耐力”。 Eg: Teaching children requires great patience.教育孩子需要极大的耐心。【常见搭配】 lose/out of patience 失去耐心 With patience 耐心地 Eg: She lost patience with his constant complaints. 她对他没完没了的抱怨失去了耐心。She listened to his story with patience.她耐心地听了他的故事。【派生词】 patient为形容词，译为“耐心的”； impatience为名词，译为“不耐烦”。 Eg: The teacher was very patient with the students who struggled with the lesson.老师对那些学习有困难的学生非常耐心。His impatience grew as the meeting dragged on.随着会议拖延，他的不耐烦情绪越来越明显。【即学即用】After hours of waiting, I ran out of _________ (patient). 答案：patienceStick (动词) 粘贴、粘住、刺、插入【用法讲解】 stick也为可数名词，其复数形式为sticks，译为“棍、棒”。 Eg: The glue stuck the paper to the wall. 胶水把纸粘在了墙上。The coin stuck in the slot. 硬币卡在了插槽里。The tree has many sticks. 这棵树有很多枝条。Did you see my walking stick? 你看见我的拐棍了吗？【常见搭配】 stick out 伸出 Stick to 坚持、信守 Stick with 继续做 Eg: He stuck out his hand to shake hands with me. 他伸出手和我握手。He stuck to his decision despite the opposition. 尽管遭到反对，他还是坚持自己的决定。He stuck with his studies even when he was tired. 即使累了，他还是坚持学习。【即学即用】坚持你的原则，就会胜利。 _______ ______ your principles, and you will win through.答案： Stick toStress (名词) 精神压力、心理负担；(动词) （使）焦虑不安、疲惫不堪【用法讲解】 stress常为不可数名词，但在表示“强调、重音”为可数名词，其复数形式为stresses；stress还可为动词，译为“强调、重读、使紧张”。 Eg: Long - term stress can have a negative impact on your health. 长期的压力会对你的健康产生负面影响。The teacher put stress on the importance of regular practise. 老师强调了定期练习的重要性。In the word “record”, the stress is on the second syllable in the verb form. 在单词“reduce”中，动词形式的重音在第二个音节上。He stressed that we should follow the rules. 他强调我们应该遵守规则。Please stress the first syllable of this word. 请重读这个单词的第一音节。The upcoming exam is stressing her out. 即将到来的考试让她很紧张。【常见搭配】 under stress 处于压力下 Lay stress on 强调、重视 Eg: People often make mistakes when they are under stress. 人们在有压力的时候经常会犯错误。The company lays stress on innovation and quality. 公司强调创新和质量。【派生词】 stressed为形容词，译为“焦虑不安的”。 Eg: She looked stressed before the interview. 面试前她看到起来很紧张。【即学即用】处于压力下的员工需要支持。 Employees _______ ________ need support.She felt ________ (stress) before the exam. 答案：1. under stress; 2. stressedWaste (动词) 浪费、滥用【用法讲解】 Waste还可为名词，译为“废物、垃圾、浪费”等。 Eg: I wasted my time on that project. 我在哪个项目上浪费了时间。Please throw the waste in the recycling bin. 请把废物扔进回收箱。【常见搭配】 waste time/money on sb./ sth. 在某人/某物上浪费时间/金钱 Waste time/money (in) doing sth. 浪费时间/金钱做某事 A waste of time 浪费时间 Eg: She wasted a lot of money on clothes. 她在衣服上浪费了很多钱。Tom never wastes too much time playing computer games. 汤姆从不在玩电脑游戏上浪费太多时间。It’s a waste of time talking to him. 和他谈话事浪费时间。【即学即用】They wasted a whole day _________ (try) to fix the computer. 答案：tryingMobile phone (名词) 手机【用法讲解】 mobile phone为可数名词，其复数形式为mobile phones。 Eg: She left her mobile phone at home.她把手机忘在家里了。【常见搭配】 answer a mobile phone 接手机 Charge a mobile phone 给手机充电 Smart mobile phone 智能手机 Eg: She didn’t answer her mobile phone when I called.当我打电话时她没有接电话。I need to charge my mobile phone before we go out.在我们出去之前我需要给手机充电。Most people today own smart mobile phones.现今大多数人拥有智能手机。【即学即用】His ___________ (手机) has a high - quality camera. 答案：mobile phoneRegret (动词) 懊悔、感到遗憾【用法讲解】 regret还可为名词，译为“后悔、遗憾”。 Eg: I regret not studying harder.我后悔没有更努力学习。We regret to inform you. 我们很遗憾地通知您。He felt deep regret for his actions. 他对自己的行为深感后悔。【常见搭配】 regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事 Regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事 Eg: I regret telling him the truth. 我后悔告诉了他真相。We regret to announce the cancellation. 我们遗憾地宣布活动取消。【即学即用】He regrets _________ (waste) time when he was young. 答案：wastingExam (名词) (= examination) 考试【用法讲解】 exam是可数名词，其复数形式为exams；exam是examination的缩写，也可指医学上的“检查”。 Eg: I have a math exam tomorrow. 我明天有数学考试。The doctor recommended an eye exam. 医生建议做眼部检查。【常见搭配】 pass/ fail an exam 通过考试/考试不及格 Final exam 期末考试 Physical exam 身体检查 Eg: He worked hard and passed the bar exam. 他努力学习并通过了律师资格考试。The final exam covers all chapters of the textbook. 期末考试涵盖课本所有章节。The athlete underwent a thorough physical exam. 运动员接受了全面的身体检查。【即学即用】After the ________ (考试), the teacher discussed the answers with the class. 答案：examFocused (形容词) 注意力集中的、目标明确的【用法讲解】 focused在句中常作定语或表语，也可译为“清晰的、聚焦的”. Eg: She is very focused during work hours.她在工作时间非常专注。A focused mind achieves more in less time.专注的头脑能在更短时间内完成更多工作。【常见搭配】 be focused on sth. 专注于... Stay/ remain focused 保持专注 Eg: She is completely focused on her career now.她现在完全专注于她的工作。Athletes must stay focused during competitions.运动员必须在比赛期间保持专注。【派生词】 focus为动词，译为“焦点、专注”。 Eg: The main focus of the meeting was improving team communication.会议的主要焦点是改善团队沟通。【即学即用】A ________ (focus) mindset is essential for achieving long - term goals. 答案：focusedArgue (动词) 争论、争吵、争辩【常见搭配】 argue作动词，还可译为“主张”。 Eg: They always argue about money.他们总是为钱争吵。The lawyer argued that the evidence was insufficient.律师主张证据不足。【常见搭配】 argue + that从句 争论... Argue with/ against sb. (about sth.) 与某人就某事进行争论 Argue for sth. 支持某事 Argue sb. (out of/ into) sth. 说服某人放弃/接受某事 Can’t/ couldn’t argue with that ... 同意某人的观点、无法反驳 Eg: He argued that the plan was unfeasible. 他争辩说这个计划不可行。They argue with each other about the best way to solve the problem. 他们就解决问题的最佳方法争论不休。 He argued for a more flexible working schedule. 他主张更灵活的工作时间表。She argued me out of my original plan. 她说服我放弃了原来的计划。She works hard and contributes a lot to the team -- I can’t argue with that. 她工作努力，为团队做出了很多贡献 -- 我无法反驳这一点。【派生词】 argument为名词，译为“争论”。 Eg: They had an argument over money. 他们为钱争吵。【常见搭配】 have an argument (with sb.) (about sth.) 与某人就某事发生争论 Eg: They had a heated argument about the best way to solve the problem. 他们就解决问题的最佳方法发生了激烈的争论。【即学即用】和他争论没有意义。 It’s pointless to _______ ______ him.She always seems to win every _________ (argue). 答案：1. argue with 2. argumentSilly (形容词) 傻的、愚蠢的【用法讲解】 silly在句中常作定语或表语。 Eg: That was a silly mistake. 那是个愚蠢的错误。Don’t be silly! 别傻了！【常见搭配】 a bit silly 有点傻 Eg: It’s a bit silly to worry about such small things.担心这么小的事有点傻。【派生词】 silliness为名词，译为“愚蠢、傻气”。 Eg: The children’s play was full of laughter and silliness. 孩子们的游戏中充满了欢笑和傻气。【即学即用】I made a __________ (愚蠢的) mistake in the math test. 答案：sillyNormal (形容词) 正常的、典型的【用法讲解】 normal在句中常作定语或表语；normal也可为名词，译为“常态、正常状态”。 Eg: It’s normal to feel nervous before an exam. 考试前感到紧张是正常的。After the storm, lie slowly returned to normal.风暴过后，生活慢慢恢复正常。【常见搭配】 above/ below normal 高于/低于正常水平 Eg: Temperatures were above normal this winter.今年冬天气温高于正常水平。【派生词】 normally为副词，译为“通常地”； Normalize为动词，译为“使正常化”； abnormal为形容词，译为“反常的”。 Eg: She normally wakes up at 7 am to go for a run. 她通常早上7点起床去跑步。 The therapist helpe3d him normalize his sleep schedule. 治疗师帮助他调整了正常的睡眠时间表。 The doctor noticed some abnormal results in the blood test. 医生在血液检查中发现了一些异常结果。【即学即用】It’s n_________ to feel tired after a long day at work. 答案：normalStress sb. out 使极度焦虑、使压力大 Eg: Work is really stressing me out these days.最近工作真的让我压力很大。【即学即用】别让小事情让你焦虑。 Don’t let small things _______ _______ _______. 答案：stress you outBottom (名词) 底部、底【用法讲解】 bottom为可数名词，其复数形式为bottoms，还可译为“最低的部分、最差的部分”；bottom还可为动词，译为“到达底部/最低点”；bottom亦可为形容词，译为“底部的、末端的”。 Eg: There’s a small hole at the bottom of the box. 盒子的底部有一个小洞。The stock market bottomed out last week and has been rising since then. 股市上周触底，此后一直上涨。Please fasten the bottom button of your coat. 请系上你外套最下面的纽扣。【常见搭配】 at the bottom of... 在...的底部 From top to bottom 从上到下、彻底地 Eg: There is some dirt at the bottom of the bag. 袋子底部有一些灰尘。 She cleaned the room from top to bottom. 她把房间彻底打扫了一遍。【即学即用】他把书架上的书从上到下整理了一遍。 He organized the books on the shelf _______ _______ ______ _______. 答案：from top to bottomDialogue (名词) 对话【用法讲解】 dialogue为可数名词，其复数形式为dialogues。 Eg: The dialogue between the two leaders was productive. 两位领导人之间的对话富有成效。【即学即用】Shakespeare’s plays are famous for their witty ___________ (对白). 答案：dialoguesCommunicate (动词) 沟通、交流 Eg: He communicated his ideas clearly. 他清楚地传达了他的想法。【常见搭配】 communicate with sb. 与...交流、与某人联系 Communicate to ... 传染、传送给 Communicate in 语言 用...语言沟通 Eg: I find it difficult to communicate with him. 我发现和他交流很难。He communicated the disease to his classmates. 他把疾病传染给了他的同学。She tried to communicate her feelings to her parents. 她试图向父母传达她的感受。They communicate in English. 他们用英语交流。【派生词】 communication为名词，译为“通信、信息、交流”。 Eg: Good communication is key to our success. 良好的沟通是我们成功的关键。Communication with other countries was difficult during the telephone and postal strike. 邮电工人罢工期间与其他国家的通讯很困难。【即学即用】我们必须通过角色扮演互相交流。 We have to _________ ________ each other through role - play. 答案：communicate withDictionary (名词) 词典、辞书【用法讲解】 dictionary为可数名词，其复数形式为dictionaries。 Eg: I always keep an English - Chinese dictionary on my desk. 我桌子上总放着一本英汉词典。【常见搭配】 bilingual dictionary 双语词典 Electronic dictionary 电子词典 Eg: A bilingual dictionary is essential for language learners.双语词典对语言学习者是有必要的。He prefers using an electronic dictionary for quick searches. 他喜欢使用电子词典进行快速搜索。【即学即用】I often look up new words in the __________ (词典). 答案：dictionaryHear of 听说 Eg: Have you ever heard of this new app? 你听说过这个新应用吗？【知识拓展】 hear为动词，译为“听见、听说”，其过去式为heard。 Eg: I can hear the music in the background. 我能听到背景音乐。【常见搭配】 hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事（全过程） Hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事（部分） Hear from sb. 收到某人来信 Eg: We often hear him sing in the park. 我们经常听见他在公园里唱歌。I heard her singing a song when I passed the room. 当我路过房间时，我听见她在唱歌。I haven’t heard from my parents for a long time. 我很久没有收到父母的来信了。【即学即用】我从未听说过这么奇怪的习俗。 I’ve never _______ _______ such a strange tradition.I heard someone ________ (call) my name. 答案：1. heard of; 2. calling Youth (名词) 青年、青春【用法讲解】 youth在表示“个体青年”时为可数名词，其复数形式为youths；youth表示集体“年轻人”时为不可数名词，还可译为“朝气、青春活力”。 Eg: She cherished the memories of her youth. 她珍视青春时期的回忆。The youth of today face different challenges. 当今的年轻人面临不同的挑战。Her energy and youth inspired the team.她的活力和朝气鼓舞了团队。【常见搭配】 youth hostel 青年旅社 Youth league 青年团 Eg: We stayed at a youth hostel to save money. 我们为了省钱住在一家青年旅社。She joined the Communist Youth League in college. 她在大学时加入了共青团。【派生词】 young为形容词，译为“年轻的”； youthful为形容词，译为“青春的”。 Eg: He is too young to look after himself.他太小了不能照顾自己。The youthful energy of the team drove them to complete the project ahead of schedule. 团队的青春活力促使他们提前完成项目。【即学即用】The _______ (young) of today are more tech - savvy. 答案：youthStage (名词) 阶段、时期、舞台【用法讲解】 stage为可数名词，其复数形式为stages；stage还可为动词，译为“上演、举办、组织”。 Eg: The singer stepped onto the stage and began to sing. 歌手走上舞台开始唱歌。The project is in its final stage. 这个项目处于最后阶段。The theater company will stage a new production next moth. 剧团下个月将上演一部新作品。They staged a protest against the new policy. 他们组织了一场反对新政策的抗议活动。【常见搭配】 on the stage 在舞台上 At this stage 在目前这个阶段 Stage a comeback 卷土重来 Eg: She has been on the stage for many years. 她从事演艺工作多年了。At this stage, we can’t make a definite decision. 在目前这个阶段，我们还不能做出明确的决定。The old style is staging a comeback this year. 这种旧风格今年又重新流行起来了。【即学即用】The actors performed brilliantly on the ____________ (舞台). 答案：stageExperience (动词) 经历、体验【用法讲解】 experience作可数名词时，译为“经历”；作不可数名词时，译为“经验”。 Eg: We experienced some technical problems.我们遇到了一些技术问题。She has 10 years of teaching experience.她有10年教学经验。Traveling alone was an unforgettable experience.独自旅行是一次难忘的经历。【常见搭配】experience in/ of ... 在...方面的经验Eg: She has rich experience in marketing. 她在市场营销方面有丰富的经验。【即学即用】The company e__________ rapid growth last year.( )2. It was a really unforgettable _______. I made some new friends and learned a lot.experience B. story C. lesson D. game答案： 1. experienced 2. A Rapid (形容词) 快速的【用法讲解】 rapid在句中常作定语或表语，还可译为“（水流）湍急的”。 Eg: The company experienced rapid growth in the past year. 公司过去一年经历了快速增长。She made a rapid recovery after the surgery. 手术后她恢复得很快。The river’s rapid current makes swimming dangerous. 湍急的水流使游泳变得危险。【常见搭配】 rapid response 快速响应 Rapid movement 快速移动 Eg: The emergency team provided a rapid response to the accident.应急小组对事故作出了快速响应。The cheetah is known for its rapid movement. 猎豹以快速移动闻名。【派生词】 rapidly为副词，译为“迅速地、快速地”； rapidity为名词，译为“迅速、速度”。 Eg: Technology is developing rapidly in modern society.在现代社会，科技正在快速发展。The rapidity of his response surprised everyone. 他回应的速度让所有人都感到惊讶。【即学即用】The city had seen r_________ growth in population. 答案：rapidUgly (形容词) 丑陋的【用法讲解】 ugly在句中常作定语或表语，还可译为“令人不快的、恶劣的、阴沉的”等。 Eg: The old building was ugly but full of history. 那座旧建筑很丑，但充满历史感。He made an ugly comment about her weight. 他对她的体重发表了恶劣的评论。The sky turned ugly before the storm.暴风雨前，天空变得阴沉。【派生词】 ugliness为名词，译为“丑陋”。 Eg: The ugliness of the abandoned building shocked the visitors.那座废弃建筑的丑陋让游客们感到震惊。【即学即用】The abandoned factory was an __________ (丑陋的) sight. 答案：uglyMood (名词) 情绪、、心情【用法讲解】 mood常为不可数名词，但在表示“具体、短暂的情绪状态”时为可数名词，其复数形式为moods，也可译为“气氛”。 Eg: She’s in a good mood today.她今天心情很好。The candlelight created a romantic mood.烛光营造出浪漫的氛围。【常见搭配】 be in a good/ bad mood 心情好/坏 Lift/ improve one’s mood 提升情绪 Eg: She’s in a good mood today after getting promoted. 在提升之后她心情好。The sunny weather lifted everyone’s mood.晴朗的天气提升了大家的情绪。【派生词】 moody为形容词，译为“情绪化的”。 Eg: She’s been very moody lately, probably because of stress. 她最近情绪波动很大，可能是因为压力。【即学即用】 Some chocolate might change your m__________. 答案：moodRisk (动词) 冒...的风险、冒险做【用法讲解】risk为可数名词，其复数形式为risks，译为“危险、风险”。 Eg: He is willing to take a risk to start his own business. 他愿意冒险创办自己的公司。I wouldn’t risk driving in such bad weather. 我不会冒着这么恶劣的天气开车的。【常见搭配】 at risk 处于危险中 Risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 Risk one’s life 冒着生命危险 Eg: Hundreds of thousands of people are at risk. 有几十万人正处于危险中。She risked losing her job by speaking out against corruption. 她因公开反对腐败而冒着失业的风险。They risk their lives to save the drowning child. 他们冒着生命危险去救那个溺水的孩子。【派生词】 risky为形容词，译为“有危险的、有风险的”。 Eg: Skydiving is a risky sport. 高空跳伞是一项高风险运动。【即学即用】 We have been advised not to risk __________ (travel) in these conditions.( )2. If you put all your eggs in one basket, you ______ losing everything all at one time.risk B. enjoy C. avoid D. consider 答案：1. travelling 2. AGo through 经历、遭受【用法讲解】 go through还可译为“仔细检查、审查、完成、耗尽”。 Eg: She went through a lot during the war.她在战争期间经历了许多磨难。The lawyer went through the contract line by line.律师逐行检查了合同。It took months to go through the approval process.完成审批流程花了几个月时间。We’ve gone through all the milk.我们把牛奶喝完了。【即学即用】团队正在经历一个困难阶段。 The team is ________ _________ a difficult phase. 答案：going throughAdult (名词) 成年人【用法讲解】 adult为可数名词，其复数形式为adults；adult还可为形容词，译为“成年的、成熟的”。 Eg: In Japan, you become an adult at 20. 在日本，20岁算成年。She handles problem in an adult way. 她以成熟的方式处理问题。【常见搭配】 young adult 青年 Eg: Young adult novels are popular among teenagers. 青年小说在青少年中很受欢迎。【即学即用】_________ (成年的) penguins teach their chicks to hunt. 答案：AdultMean (形容词) 刻薄、吝啬的【用法讲解】 mean还可为动词，译为“表示...的意思、意味着”。 Eg: He is very mean with his money. 他在金钱上很吝啬。What does this word mean? 这个字是什么意思？Silence means consent. 沉默就是同意。He meant no harm 他没有恶意。【派生词】 meaning为名词，译为“意思”【常见搭配】 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 Mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 The meaning of ... ...的意思 Eg: I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to. 我想去，但是我父亲不肯我去。Missing this train means waiting for another hour. 错过这辆火车意味着你得再等一小时。What's the meaning of this word? 这个字什么意思？【即学即用】Don't be so m_________ to your little brother!Can you tell me the __________ (mean) of this sentence?( )3. He means ________ abroad for further study.go B. to go C. going D. to going 答案：1. mean 2. meaning 3. BStranger (名词) 陌生人、外地人【用法讲解】 stranger为可数名词，其复数形式为strangers。 Eg: I met a stranger on the bus who told me an interesting story. 我在公交车上遇到一个陌生人，他给我讲了一个有趣的故事。【常见搭配】 be a stranger to ... 对...陌生、不熟悉 Eg: She is a stranger to this city. 她对这个城市不熟悉。The concept of quantum physics is a stranger to most people. 量子物理学的概念对大多数人来说都很陌生。【派生词】 strange为形容词，译为“陌生的”。 Eg: I heard a strange sound coming from the attic last night. 昨晚我听到阁楼里传来奇怪的声音。【常见搭配】 be strange to ... 对...来说很陌生 Eg: This kind of music is strange to me. I’ve never heard it before. 这种音乐对我来说很陌生。我以前从未听过。【即学即用】As a _________ (strange) in this city, I often feel lonely. 答案：strangerUncomfortable (形容词) 不自在的、使人不舒服的【用法讲解】 uncomfortable在句中常作定语或表语。 Eg: These shoes are uncomfortable to walk in. 这双鞋穿起来走路不舒服。She felt uncomfortable in the crowded room.她在拥挤的房间里感到不自在。【常见搭配】 be uncomfortable with sth. 对某事感到不自在 Make sb. uncomfortable 让某人不自在 Eg: She’s uncomfortable with public speaking.她对公开演讲感到不自在。His stare made her deeply uncomfortable.他的注视让她感到深深的不舒服。【派生词】 uncomfortably为副词，译为“不舒服地”； comfortable为形容词，译为“舒适的”。 Eg: The room was uncomfortably hot, making it hard to concentrate. 房间里热得让人不舒服，难以集中注意力。The sofa was so comfortable that she fell asleep instantly. 沙发太舒服了，她立刻就睡着了。【即学即用】He found himself in an ___________ (comfortable) situation at the party. 答案：uncomfortableMidterm (形容词) 期中的【用法讲解】 midterm在句中常作定语；midterm也可为名词，译为“期中考试”。 Eg: The midterm grades were posted online. 其中成绩已发布在网上。I have three midterms next week.我下周有三场期中考试。【常见搭配】 study for midterms 备考期中考试 Eg: The library is full of students studying for midterms.图书馆充满了备考期中考试的学生。【即学即用】She stayed up all night studying for her _________ (期中的) exam in biology. 答案：midtermTight (形容词) 紧的【用法讲解】 tight常作定语或表语，还可译为“严格的、紧张的、困难的、吝啬的”。 Eg: The jeans are too tight around the waist.这条牛仔裤腰部太紧了。The airport has tight security checks.机场有严格的安检。They’re on a tight budget this year.他们今年预算很紧。His jokes broke the tight atmosphere.他的玩笑打破了紧张的气氛。【常见搭配】 money is tight 资金紧张 In a tight spot 处境困难 Eg: Many families find money is tight this year.许多家庭发现今年资金紧张。After forgetting his passport at home, he found himself in a tight spot at the airport.他把护照忘在家里后，在机场发现自己处于困境。【派生词】 tighten为动词，译为“使变紧”； tightness为名词，译为“紧绷状态”。 Eg: New policies aim to tighten security at airports.新政策旨在加强机场安保。The tightness of the lid kept the juice from spilling.盖子很紧，果汁没有漏出来。【即学即用】She kept a ________ (紧的) grip on the railing. 答案：tightOverweight (形容词) 超重的【用法讲解】 overweight在句中常作定语或表语。 Eg: Schools are paying more attention to overweight students’ health.学校特别注意超重学生的健康。【派生词】 overweightness为名词，译为“超重状态”。 Eg: The doctor discussed the health risks of long - term overweightness.医生讨论了长期超重带来的健康风险。【即学即用】According to the BMI, he is slightly _________ (超重的). 答案：overweightBully (动词) 恐吓、伤害、胁迫；(名词) 恃强凌弱之人、恶霸【用法讲解】 bully为可数名词，其复数形式为bullies。 Eg: He was bullied by the older boys at school. 他在学校被大孩子们欺负。The school took strict measures against bullies. 学校对欺凌者采取了严厉措施。【常见搭配】 bully sb. into doing sth. 强迫某人做某事 Stand up to a bully 勇敢反抗欺凌者 Play the bully 横行霸道 Eg: He tried to bully his classmates into doing his homework for him. 他试图胁迫同学帮他做作业。We should encourage children to stand up to bullies. 我们应该鼓励孩子们勇敢反抗欺凌者。Don’t play the bully in the classroom. 不要在教室里横行霸道。【派生词】 bullying为名词，译为“欺凌”； Eg: We need to raise awareness about the problem of bullying in schools. 我们需要提高对学生欺凌问题的人士。【即学即用】他被胁迫说出了自己的秘密。 He was ________ ______ ________ away his secrets. 答案：bullied into giving Stand up for sb./ sth. 支持、维护【常见搭配】 stand up for sb./ sth.还可译为“为某人发声”。 Eg: She always stands up for her younger brother.她总是维护她的弟弟。It’s important to stand up for those who can’t defend themselves.为无法自卫的人发声很重要。【即学即用】维护自己的信念很重要。 It’s important to _______ ______ _______ your beliefs. 答案：stand up forScreen (名词) 屏幕【用法讲解】 screen为可数名词，其复数形式为screens，还可译为“屏风、筛查”；screen还可为动词，译为“放映、筛查、遮挡”。 Eg: The phone’s screen is cracked. 手机屏幕裂了。 They put up a screen for privacy.他们安装了屏风以保护隐私。The film will be screened next week.这部电影将于下周放映。All applicants were screened for qualifications.所有申请者都经过了资格筛查。【常见搭配】 computer/ TV screen 电脑/ 电视屏幕 Eg: Don’t stare at the TV screen for too long. 不要看电视屏幕太长时间。【即学即用】I need a new ________ (屏幕) protector for my phone. 答案：screenBedtime (名词) 就寝时间【用法讲解】 bedtime为可数名词，其复数形式为bedtimes。 Eg: My bedtime is 10 pm on weekdays.工作日我的就寝时间是晚上10点。【常见搭配】 miss one’s bedtime 错过就寝时间 Eg: The kids missed their bedtime because of the movie. 孩子们因为电影错过就寝时间。【即学即用】What’s your usual ___________ (就寝时间)? 答案：bedtimePain (名词) 痛苦、疼痛【用法讲解】 pain泛指“疼痛”时为不可数名词；pain特指“身体部位的疼痛”或“pain”前有形容词修饰时为可数名词，pain也可引申为“劳苦、辛劳”；pain还可为动词，译为“使疼痛”。 Eg: He suffered great pain after the accident. 事故后他遭受了巨大痛苦。He has a pain in his knee. 他膝盖疼。Her words pained him deeply. 她得话使他深感痛苦。【常见搭配】 No pains, no gains. 不劳无获。 Have a pain in 身体部位 身体某部位疼 In pain 处于痛苦中 Take pains to do sth. 尽力做某事 Spare no pains to do sth. 不遗余力做某事 Eg: He has a sharp pain in his stomach. 他肚子疼得厉害。The injured man was lying in pain on the ground. 受伤的男子痛苦地躺在地上。She took pains to make the party a success. 她煞费苦心使聚会取得成功。The teacher spared no pains to help the students improve their grades. 老师不遗余力地帮助学生提高成绩。【派生词】 painful为形容词，译为“疼痛的、痛苦的”。 Eg: The painful memory still haunts him. 那段痛苦的记忆仍然萦绕在他心头。【易混辨析】 pain与ache区别： Pain使用范围较广，可指身体各部位的剧烈疼痛，也可指精神上的疼痛； ache通常指持续的、隐隐的疼痛，多用于身体部位。 Eg: I have a pain in my stomach. 我肚子疼。I have a bad headache. 我头痛得厉害。【即学即用】She has a constant p________ in her knee. 答案：painGet sb. down 使悲伤（沮丧、忧郁等）【用法讲解】 get sb. down还可译为“身体虚弱或疲惫”。 Eg: The constant rain really gets me down.连绵的雨天真让我沮丧。The flu has really gotten her down this week.流感让她这周一直很虚弱。【即学即用】别让他的评论影响你的情绪。 Don’t let his criticism _______ you _______. 答案：get; downShame (名词) 羞耻、让人遗憾的事【用法讲解】 shame为不可数名词时，译为“羞耻”；shame为可数名词时，译为“遗憾的事”，其复数形式为shames；shame还可为动词，译为“使感到羞愧”。 Eg: He felt deep shame after lying. 撒谎后他深感羞愧。It’s a shame you can’t come to the party.你不能来聚会真可惜。Her criticism shamed him into apologizing.她的批评让他羞愧地道歉。【常见搭配】What a shame! 真遗憾啊！ In shame 羞愧地 Feel shame at/for sth. 对某事感到羞愧 Shame sb. into doing sth. 使某人羞愧而做某事 Eg: He hung his head in shame. 他羞愧地低下了头。I feel shame at not being able to help you. 我对不能帮助你感到羞愧。She was shamed into apologizing for her rudeness.她因她的粗鲁而羞愧的道歉。【派生词】 shameful为形容词，译为“可耻的”； shameless为形容词，译为“无耻的”。 Eg: Cheating in an exam is a shameful act.考试作弊是可耻的行为。He was shameless about taking credit for others’ work.他无耻地将他人的功劳据为己有。【即学即用】The scandal brought _______ (耻辱) on the whole family. 答案：shame课文解析Sometimes I feel lonely. 有时我感到孤独。【用法讲解】 lonely为形容词，译为“孤独的、寂寞的”；lonely也可以表示地点，译为“偏僻的、荒凉的”，在句中常作表语。 Eg: I feel lonely. 我感到孤独。I live in a lonely village. 我住在一个偏僻的村庄。【易混辨析】 lonely和alone区别 lonely只作形容词，表示“孤独的、寂寞的”，强调内心的孤独感； alone常为副词，译为“独自地、单独地”。 Eg: I am alone, but I don’t feel lonely. 我独自一人，但是我不感到孤独。【易混辨析】 sometimes、some times、sometime与some time区别：歌谣：分开“一段时间(some time)”； 相聚“某个时刻(sometime)”； “有时(sometimes)”相聚加s； 分开“几次(some times)”加s。 Eg: I will stay here for some time. 我将在这儿待一段时间。 I will go to Beijing sometime next month. 下个月某个时间我要去北京。 I sometimes get up at 8:00. 我有时八点起床。 I have seen the film some times. 我已经看着这部电影几次了。【即学即用】( )1. She practiced for the dance competition _______, but she never feels _______.lonely; lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone D. alone; lonely( )2. He _______ goes to school by subway. sometime B. sometimes C. some time D. some times 答案： 1. D 2. BI wonder if I’m going to bed too late. 我想知道是否我睡觉太晚。【用法讲解】 wonder为动词，译为“想知道、感到差异”；wonder还可作可数名词时，译为“奇观、奇迹、奇事”，作不可数名词时，译为“惊讶、惊奇”；wonder作动词时常用来引导宾语从句。Eg: The Great Wall is a wonder of China. 长城是中国的一大奇迹。 I wonder where he has gone. 我想知道他去哪儿了。【常见搭配】 Wonder about sth. 对某事感到疑惑 Wonder at sth. 对某事感到惊讶 It is a wonder that ... 对某事感到非常令人惊讶或不可思议 No wonder 难怪 Wonders of the world 世界奇观 Eg: He often wonders about the meaning of life. 他经常思索生命的意义。We all wondered at her sudden recovery. 我们都对她的突然康复感到惊奇。It is a wonder that he managed to finish the race in such bad weather. 在这么糟糕的天气里设法完成比赛真令人惊讶。No wonder she’s upset, considering what happened. 考虑到所发生的事情，难怪她会感到沮丧。【派生词】 wonderful为形容词，译为“精彩的、令人惊奇的” wonderfully为副词，译为“非常好地、精彩地” Eg: We had a wonderful time last night. 我们昨晚过得非常愉快。 The hotel is wonderfully comfortable. 这家旅馆非常舒适。【即学即用】The pyramids in Egypt are ancient w_________.She performed _________ (wonder) in the concert. 答案：1. wonders 2. wonderfullyStaying up late is not a healthy habit and can lead to big health problems. 熬夜不是一个健康的习惯，可能导致很大的健康问题。【用法讲解】 知识点一：staying up late为动名词作主语，作主语时谓语动词需用单数形式。 Eg: Watching too much TV is bad for our eyes. 知识点二：看太多电视对我们的眼睛不好。lead为动词，译为“引导、造成、带领、过...生活”；其过去式/过去分词为led；lead也可为名词，译为“领先地位、主角”。 Eg: Eating too much junk food can lead to health problems. 吃太多垃圾食品会导致健康问题。Can you lead me to the nearest subway station? 你能带我去最近的地铁站吗？【常见搭配】lead sb. + 地点介词短语 把某人带到某地 Lead to 导致、通向 Lead sb. in doing sth. 引导某人做某事 Lead a ... life 过着...的生活 Eg: He led the guests into his room. 他把客人带到了自己的房间。The rain led to the road being slippery. 雨水导致地面滑。Our teacher leads us in learning English. 我们的老师引导我们学习英语。She leads a simple life. 她过着简朴的生活。They need a leader they can believe in. 他们需要一个可以信赖的领导。【派生词】 leader为名词，译为“领导者”。 Eg: He is a good leader. 他是一个好的领导者。【即学即用】________ (listen) to English songs is a good way to learn English.努力工作会导致成功。 Hard work _______ _______ success.The _______ (lead) of the country made an important speech yesterday. 答案：1. listening 2. leads to 3. leaderYou should try to manage your time better. 你应该尽力更好的管理你的时间。【用法讲解】 manage作动词，还可译为“经营、操纵、运用、完成、管理”等。 Eg: Despite the heavy rain, she managed to arrive at the meeting on time. 尽管下着大雨，她还是设法按时到达了会议现场。He manages a large company with hundreds of employees. 他管理着一家拥有数百名员工的大公司。The politician managed to manipulate the media to gain more support. 这位政客设法操纵媒体以获得更多支持。【常见搭配】 manage to do sth. 设法做某事 Manage with/ on sth. 用... 设法应对 Eg: She managed to pass the exam despite being sick. 尽管生病，她还是设法通过了考试。They managed with a single laptop during the trip. 旅途中他们公用一台笔记本电脑应付。【派生词】 manager为名词，译为“经理”； management为名词，译为“管理、管理部门”； manageable为形容词，译为“可管理的、易处理的”。 Eg: The manager is responsible for the daily operations of the store. 经理负责商店的日常运营。Good management is essential for the success of a company. 良好的管理对公司的成功至关重要。The task is manageable if we work together. 如果我们一起努力，这个任务是可以处理的。【即学即用】( )1. Despite the rain, we managed _______ the marathon.finish B. finishing C. to finish D. to finishingI don’t know what to make of the new ________ (manage). 答案：1. C 2. managerI feel like my parents make all the decisions in my life and I do not have any chance to be myself. 我觉得父母决定了我生活中的所有事情，而我根本没机会做真实的自己。【用法讲解】 feel在此处为系动词，译为“感觉起来”；feel还可作动词，译为“感觉、觉得、摸索”。 Eg: You’ll feel better after a good night’s sleep. 你晚上睡个好觉就会觉得舒服些。It felt strange to be back in my old school. 我回到母校有一种生疏的感觉。He felt in his pockets for some money. 他在口袋里摸着想找些钱。【常见搭配】 feel like 感觉像/想要做 Feel about... 对...有何看法 Feel sorry for... 对...感到同情 Feel up to ... 有精力做某事 Feel down 感到沮丧 Eg: I feel like going for a walk. 我想要散步。How do you feel about the new movie? 你对新电影有什么看法？I feel sorry for the sick people. 我对生病的人感到同情。Do you feel up to going for a walk? 你有精力去散步吗？He’s been feeling down lately. 他最近情绪低落【即学即用】这块布料摸起来像丝绸。 The fabric _______ ________ silk. 答案：feels likeI am never allowed to eat food my parents think is unhealthy, even as a treat. 我从来都不被允许吃父母觉得不健康的事物，即使作为招待。【用法讲解】 allow为动词，译为“使...成为可能、允许”。Eg: Parents should allow their children more freedom. 父母应该给孩子更多的自由。【常见搭配】 be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事 Allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 Allow doing sth. 允许做某事 Allow for 考虑到、体谅 Eg: She is allowed to watch TV after school. 她放学后被允许看电视。 Please allow me to carry your bag. 请允许我替你拿包。 They allowed smoking in this room only. 他们只允许在这间屋子里吸烟。 We should allow for every possible delay. 我们考虑到任何可能的延误。【派生词】 allowance为名词，译为“津贴、零用钱”。 Eg: His monthly allowance is 800 yuan. 他每月津贴为800元。【即学即用】( )1. Passengers are not allowed ________ on the plane.smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. to smoking答案：CBut I think they are too strict with me. 但我觉得他们对我太严厉了。【用法讲解】 strict作形容词，译为“精确的、严格的、严厉的”，在句中常作定语或表语。 Eg: Our math teacher is very strict. 我们的数学老师非常严格。We need strict measurements for this experiment. 这个实验我们需要精确的测量数据。He is a strict follower of the rules. 他是一个严格遵守规则的人。【常见搭配】 be strict with sb. 对某人严格 Be strict in sth. 对某事态度严谨 Be strict about/on sth. 在某事上严格 Eg: My mother is strict with me in my studies. 我妈妈在学习上对我很严格。She is strict in academic research. 她在学术研究方面很严谨。The company is strict about/ on punctuality. 公司对准时上班要求严格。 【即学即用】老师们应该对学生严格要求以维持纪律。 Teachers should ______ _______ _______ students to maintain discipline. 答案：be strict withI feel like I never have enough time to do everything I need to. 我觉得我从来没有足够时间做一切我需要做的事。【用法讲解】 enough在此处为副词，译为“充分地”，通常放在形容词或副词之后；enough也可作形容词，译为“足够的”，放在名词前作定语。 Eg: He is tall enough to play basketball. 他足够高可以打篮球。We have enough time to finish the work. 我们有足够的时间来完成这项工作。【常见搭配】 be + 形容词 + enough + for sb. + to do sth. 对某人来说做某事... Eg: The book is easy enough for you to read. 这本书对你来说很容易读。【即学即用】( )1. Mike is only 15 years old. He is not ______ to get a driver’s license.old enough B. enough old C. young enough D. enough young答案： ABut I do not want my schoolwork to suffer because of it. 但我不想我的作业因此变差。【用法讲解】 suffer为动词，译为“受苦、遭受”；suffer也可为名词，译为“痛苦、折磨”。 Eg: As long as I am here, I won’t let the child suffer. 只要有我在，就不能让孩子受苦。【常见搭配】 suffer from ... 遭受某种痛苦 Suffer due to ... 因某种原因而遭受 Suffer in silence 默默承受、忍受 Eg: She suffered from a bad cold last week. 上周她感冒了。Many families are suffering due to lack of access to clean water. 许多家庭由于无法获得干净的水资源而受苦。She suffered in silence rather than ask for help. 她选择默默承受，而不是寻求帮助。【即学即用】很多人有失眠的困扰。 Many people ________ ________ insomnia. 答案：suffer fromI really hope you can offer me some advice. 我真的希望你能给我提供一些建议。【用法讲解】知识点一：offer为动词，译为“提供”；offer还可为名词，译为“邀请、提议、帮助、优惠、机会”等。 Eg: The company offered him a job with a good salary. 公司给他提供了一个薪水不错的工作。 She received a job offer from a tech company. 她收到了一家科技公司的工作邀请。 Thank you for your kind offer of help. 感谢你的善意帮助。 This products is on a 20% discount offer. 这个产品打八折优惠。 The company provides free training offers to new employees. 公司为新员工提供免费培训机会。【常见搭配】 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 提供某人某物 Make/ put in an offer 提出报价 On offer 可买到、可使用 Eg: He offered a seat to the elderly lady. = He offered the elderly lady a seat. 他给那位老奶奶让了座。They made an offer on the house. 他们对这栋房子提出了报价。Prizes worth more than $20,000are on offer. 奖品总值超过20，000美元，可供领取。【易混辨析】 offer与provide区别: offer通常指主动提供某物或某服务，带有一定的积极性和自愿性，与job、help等词搭配； provide则更常用于提出计划、建议或观点，与with连用。 Eg: I offered to buy her lunch, but she declined. 我提出请她吃午饭，但她拒绝了。They will provide us with eggs. 知识点二：他们为我们提供鸡蛋。Advice为不可数名词，译为“建议”，可以用much, a little等词修饰。【常见搭配】 a piece of advice 一条建议 Some advice 一些建议 Eg: I need some advice about how to learn English. 我需要一些关于如何学英语的建议。【派生词】 advice的动词形式为advise，译为“建议”。【常见搭配】advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 Eg: She advised me to go there by bus. 她建议我坐公交车去那。【知识拓展】suggestion为可数名词，译为“建议”，可以用many, a few等词修饰。 Eg: There are many suggestions for improving the workflow. 有许多改进工作流程的建议。【常见搭配】 make a suggestion 提出建议 Accept a suggestion 接受建议 Eg: May I make a suggestion about the schedule? 我可以对日程安排提个建议吗？They accepted my suggestion to reduce costs. 我们接受了我消减成本的建议。【派生词】 suggest为动词，译为“建议”。【常见搭配】suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 Eg: I suggest going for a walk after dinner. 我建议晚饭后去散步。注意：suggest后接that从句，从句中谓语动词用原形。Eg: I suggest that you ask for advice. 我建议你咨询建议。【即学即用】( )1. He _______ me a job, but I didn’t accept.offers B. offered C. provides D. provided( 2. My parents gave me a lot of good _______ when I was growing up.advice B. advise C. suggestions D. suggest答案： 1. B 2. AFind it difficult to talk to her parents about the problem. 发现和她的父母讨论这个问题很难。【知识拓展】 find为动词，译为“发现、感到”，其过去式为found。 Eg: I found my lost keys under the couch. 我在沙发下扎到了我丢失的钥匙。I found the book interesting. 她觉得这本书很有趣。【常见搭配】 find it + 形容词 + to do sth. 发现做某事很... Eg: I find it difficult to understand his accent. 我发现他的口音很难懂。【易混辨析】 discover、find和find out区别 discover常指发现本来存在但未被认识的事物、真理或情况； find常指偶然发现，也可指经过寻找后得到或重新获得已失去的东西，强调动作的结果； Find out常用于经过调查、分析、研究等手段查出的情况。 Eg: Scientists discovered a new species of plant in the rainforest. 科学家在热带雨林中发现了一种新的植物物种。I found the book I was looking for. 我找到了一直在找的书。Please find out when the meeting starts. 请查一下会议什么时候开始。【易混辨析】 find, find out及look for区别 find为动词，译为“找到；发现”，强调结果，后面需要跟宾语； Find out译为“发现；查明；了解”，指经过一番努力后才发现结果； Look for 译为“寻找”，强调找的动作 Eg: I looked for my ruler everywhere, but I can’t find it. 我到处找我的尺，但是我没有找到。 The police found out what happened last night. 警察了解了昨晚发生的事。【即学即用】She finds it difficult ________ (wake) up early.( )2. Journalists worked hard to _________ the truth behind the scandal.Look for B. look C. find D. find out 答案：1. to wake 2. DOne good habit is to study a little bit every day. 一个好习惯就是每天学习一点。【用法讲解】 bit为不可数名词，译为“有点儿、稍微”；bit还可为动词bite的过去式，译为“咬、控制”；bit还可为形容词，译为“很小的、微不足道的”。 Eg: There’s room for another one if you move up a bit. 如果你挪开一点，这里还可以容纳多一个人。The dog bit me on the leg. 狗咬了我的腿。Let’s do our bit to help those in need. 让我们尽自己的一份力量去帮助那些需要帮助的人。【常见搭配】 A little bit 有点儿 A bit of ... 一点儿（修饰不可数名词） A bit ... 一点儿（修饰形容词/副词） Not a bit 完全不 Do one’s bit 尽本分 Eg: Could you speak a little bit slower? 你能说慢点吗？We need a bit of time. 我们需要一点时间。The soup is a bit salty. 汤有点咸。I’m not a bit surprised. 我一点也不惊讶。Everyone should do their bit to protect the environment. 每个人都应为环保尽一份力。【即学即用】在这个新城市里，他感到有点孤独。 He feels ______ _______ lonely in the new city. 答案： a bitIn the bottom of my heart, I just want to succeed and feel proud of myself. 在我心底，我只是想成功，对自己感到骄傲。【用法讲解】 proud为形容词，译为“自豪的、骄傲的”，在句中常作定语或表语。 Eg: That proud man never listens to others’ advice. 那个骄傲的人从不听取别人的建议。Don’t be so proud; you still have a lot to learn. 别这么骄傲，你还有很多要学的。【常见搭配】 be proud of ... = take pride in ... 以...为傲 Eg: I’m proud of my daughter for winning the competition. = I take pride in my daughter for winning the competition. 我为女儿在比赛中获胜感到自豪。【派生词】 pride为名词，译为“自豪感、傲慢”。 Eg: He takes pride in his work. 他以自己的工作为傲。【即学即用】I hope you can have a life to be _______ (pride) of. 答案：proudI often have difficulty in expressing myself. 我在自我表达方面经常有困难。【用法讲解】difficulty为可数名词，译为“困难”，其复数形式为difficulties；difficult也可为不可数名词，表示抽象的困难或艰难。 Eg: I met a lot of difficulties. 我遇到了许多困难。There is no difficulty in doing this task. 做这项任务没有困难。【常见搭配】 Have difficulty in doing sth. 做某事有困难Eg: She had difficulty understanding the complex math problem. 她理解这个复杂的数学问题有困难。【派生词】 difficult为形容词，译为“困难的、难以相处的”。 Eg: The exam was pretty difficult. 这场考试相当难。He is a difficult person to work with. 他是一个难以相处的人。【常见搭配】 It is difficult (for sb.) to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事很难 Eg: It is difficult for me to finish the work on time. 对我来说按时完成工作很难。【即学即用】We found the house without _________ (difficult). 答案： difficulty Every day, teenagers are dealing with all kinds of stresses and problems. 每天，青少年正在处理各种各样的压力和问题。【用法讲解】 deal作动词，译为“分配、经营、对付”；deal还可为名词，译为“交易、协议”。 Eg: They reached a deal after long negotiations. 经过长时间的谈判，他们达成了协议。He has to deal with a lot of paperwork every day. 他每天都要处理大量的文件工作。The teacher dealt the cards to the students. 老师把牌分给了学生们。She deals in antiques. 她经营古董生意。【常见搭配】 make a deal 达成协议 A good deal 优惠、划算 Deal with 处理 = do with注意：deal with为动词短语，表示处理、应对或解决某种问题或情况，常与疑问词how连用；其同义词组为do with，deal with与疑问词what连用。 Eg: They made a deal to share the profits equally. 他们达成了一项协议，平分利润。 I got a good deal on this car. 我买这辆车很划算。 How are you going to deal with these books? = What are you going to do with these books?你打算怎么处理这些书？【即学即用】朋友给了他极大的鼓励。 Friends gave him _______ _______ ______ _______ encouragement.我不知道如何处理这辆车？ I don’t know how to _______ ______ the car. 答案： 1. a great deal of 2. deal withMost teenagers also run into trouble with some of their friends. 大多数青少年也遇到和他们的一些朋友之间的问题。【用法讲解】 trouble为可数名词，其复数形式为troubles，译为“苦恼、困难”；trouble还可为动词，译为“使忧虑、苦恼、麻烦”。 Eg: The student’s failing grades troubled his parents deeply. 这个学生成绩不及格使其父母深感忧虑。Scientists are putting a good face on the troubles. 科学家们对这些困难似乎不以为意。I’m having trouble finding anything new to say on this subject. 在这个课题上要提出什么新看法，我有困难。【常见搭配】 have trouble (in) doing sth. 在做某事方面有困难 Get into trouble 陷入麻烦 Get out of trouble 走出困境 Make trouble 惹事生非 Be in trouble 处于困境中 Take the trouble 不怕费力 Eg: I have trouble understanding the instructions. 他理解这些指示有困难。She got into trouble with the law. 她惹上了官司。With his help, I got out of trouble quickly. 在他的帮助下，我很快走出了困境。He always makes trouble for others. 他总是给别人惹麻烦。He is in trouble and needs our help. 他遇到了麻烦，需要我们的帮助。He took the trouble to explain the problem to me. 他不怕费力地向我解释了这个问题。【即学即用】I have trouble ___________ (understand) this passage.别惹事，否则你会有麻烦的。 Don’t ________ ________, or you will ______ ______ _______. 答案：1. understanding 2. make trouble; get into troubleTeenage life can be full of problems. 青少年生活可能充满问题。【用法讲解】full为形容词，译为“满的”，也可译为“饱的”等意；其反义词为empty，译为“空的”。 Eg: The glass is full. 这个玻璃杯是满的。 I’m full. 我饱了。【常见搭配】 be full of ... = be filled with ... 装满了... Eg: The cup is full of water. = The cup is filled with water. 杯子里装满了水。 I’m full, I can’t eat any more. 我饱了，不能再吃了。【即学即用】篮球运动员们在球场上精力充沛。 The basketball players _____ ______ ______ ______ on the court. 答案： are full of energyWhy not try some breathing exercises? 为什么不尝试一些呼吸锻炼呢？【用法讲解】 why not译为“为什么不”，后面接动词原形，其同义句为why don’t you do sth. Eg: Why not go there by bus? = Why don’t you go there by bus? 为什么不坐公交车去那呢？【知识拓展】 提建议的句型How/What about + V-ing “……怎么样？” Eg: How about joining a swimming club? 加入游泳俱乐部怎么样？It’s a good idea to do sth “做某事是个好主意” Eg: It’s a good idea to get up early. 早起是个好主意。Try (not) to do sth “尽量(不要)做某事” Eg: Try to translate it. 试着翻译它。Let’s + V原 “让我们……吧。” Eg: Let’s go out to take a walk. 让我们出去散步吧。You should/shouldn’t + V原形 “你(们)（不）应该……。”Eg: You should look up the word. 你应该查找这个词。Shall we + V原形 “我们……好吗？” Eg: Shall we go to the zoo? 我们去动物园好吗？We/You had better (not) + V原形 “我们/你们最好（不）做……。” Eg: You’d better ask Mr. Zhang for advice. 你最好向张先生征询建议。常用答语：(1) Good idea. “好主意。”(2) That’s/It’s a good idea. “那是个好主意。”(3) Sounds great/good. “听起来很好。”(4) That sounds like a good idea. “那听起来像个好主意。”(5) Sure! Why not? “当然！为什么不呢？【即学即用】Why not _______ (go) there by bus? 答案：goBullying is a terrible problem, and it causes a lot of pain. 霸凌是一个严重的问题，它导致许多痛苦。【用法讲解】 cause在此处为动词，译为“使发生、导致”；cause作名词时为可数名词，其复数形式为causes，还可译为“原告、事业、原因、理由”。 Eg: The cause of the accident is still unknown. 事故的原因仍然不明。The plaintiff is the cause in a civil lawsuit. 在民事诉讼中，原告是诉因方。She devoted her life to the cause of education. 她把自己的一生奉献给了教育事业。Smoking can cause many health problems. 吸烟会导致许多健康问题。The war caused great suffering to the people. 战争给人们带来了巨大的痛苦。【常见搭配】 root cause 根本原因 Main cause 主要原因 Cause sb. sth. 给某人带来某种影响 Cause sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 In the cause of ... 为了...的目的 Eg: Identifying the root cause is crucial for solving the problem. 找出根本原因对解决问题至关重要。Pollution is a major cause of climate change. 污染是气候变化的主要原因。The news caused her great joy. 这个消息让她非常高兴。His speech caused the audience to applaud. 他的演讲使观众鼓掌。They fought in the cause of freedom. 他们为了自由的目的而战。【即学即用】The c________ of the fire was a faulty electrical wire. 答案：cause语法解析宾语从句（二）whether/ if 引导的宾语从句：whether/ if译为“是否”（宾语从句时一般疑问句时，用whether/ if引导，但不可省略，在从句中不作句子成分,译为“是否”）Eg: I want to know whether/ if my sister is waiting for me at the school gate. 我想要知道我姐姐是否在校门口等我。注意：由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来，需将疑问句改为陈述句语序。whether与if可互换，但只能用whether,不用if的情况如下：1.引导介词的宾语从句：Eg: I’m not angry about whether he will pass the exam. 我对他是否通过考试不生气。2.直接与or not连用时Eg: I’m not sure whether his answer is right or not. 我不确定他的答案是否正确。特殊疑问词 引导的宾语从句：当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，疑问词就是宾语从句的引导词。连接代词who、whom、whose、which、what和连接副词where、how、why、when可引导宾语从句，并在从句中作一定成分，不可省略。宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“疑问词+主语+谓语+其他”。因此当特殊疑问词作宾语从句时，一定要注意语序。 Eg: Please tell me when we will have a meeting. 请告诉我我们什么时候开会。宾语从句时态如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句随句意而判定。 Eg: I wonder if it will rain tomorrow. 我想知道是否明天会下雨。He remembers that there was a house in the past. 他记得过去这有一个房子。Please tell me how long he has learnt English. 请告诉我他学英语多长时间了。如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句用过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。Eg: He asked me what time it was. 他问我几点了。 She said she was shopping at this time yesterday. 她说她昨天这个时候正在购物。 He said that he would go back to the US soon. 他说他很快会回到美国。 He asked if you had written to Peter. 他问是否你已经给皮特写信了。从句如果表示客观事实、真理、自然现象时，无论主句是何种时态，从句都用一般现在时。Eg: Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 我们的老师告诉我们光的传播速度比声音快。写作话题：Write a reply telling him or her how to deal with his/her problems.* 提示：1. I’m sorry to hear...... is a serious/ common/ terrible problem.Here are some effective ways to reduce it.Why not...?Let me know if I can help in any way.I hope things get better soon.* 写作步骤 定文体(记叙文)、人称(第三人称)、时态(一般现在时)* 范文： Hi, ... I’m sorry to hear that you have lots of troubles. Pressure is common problem. Here are some effective ways to reduce it.Firstly, doing exercise is a good choice. Sports like running, swimming or playing ball games can help us relax both physically and mentally. When we exercise, our bodies release chemicals that make us feel happy and less stressed.Secondly, talking to others is important. We can share our worries with parents, teachers or friends. They may give us useful advice or just listen to us, which makes us feel supported.Thirdly, managing time properly is necessary. We should make a study plan and balance study with rest. Taking short breaks during study can also improve our efficiency and reduce pressure.In a word, by exercising, communicating and planning time well, we can reduce study pressure and enjoy a better school life.