2026秋小学数学三升四年级（两步和倍问题应用题）暑假专项提升训练16天

这是一份2026秋小学数学三升四年级（两步和倍问题应用题）暑假专项提升训练16天，共44页。
训练目标：认识标准两步和倍题型，掌握最基础的份数整合、分步计算方法，规范答题步骤
答题区域：每题分步列式、写答句
1、果园里苹果树和梨树一共80棵，苹果树的棵数是梨树的3倍，苹果树和梨树各有多少棵？
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2、学校买来故事书和漫画书共96本，故事书的数量是漫画书的2倍，两种书各买来多少本？
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3、养殖场有公鸡和母鸡共60只，母鸡的只数是公鸡的5倍，公鸡和母鸡分别有多少只？
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4、甲、乙两个数的和是72，甲数是乙数的8倍，甲、乙两数各是多少？
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5、文具店卖出钢笔和圆珠笔共45支，钢笔的支数是圆珠笔的4倍，两种笔各卖出多少支？
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6、公园里月季花和牡丹花共100盆，月季花的盆数是牡丹花的4倍，两种花各有多少盆？
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7、小明和小红一共有120张卡片，小明的卡片数量是小红的5倍，两人各有多少张卡片？
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8、两块木板总长90厘米，第一块木板的长度是第二块的2倍，两块木板各长多少厘米？
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9、水果店运来苹果和橘子共84千克，苹果的质量是橘子的6倍，苹果和橘子各运来多少千克？
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10、班级一共有48人，男生人数是女生人数的3倍，男生、女生各有多少人？
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第2天 基础整倍两步和倍问题（夯实提速）
训练目标：熟练基础两步和倍解题步骤，提升口算、列式速度，杜绝步骤遗漏问题
答题区域：每题分步列式、写答句
1、书架上层和下层共有图书110本，上层图书数量是下层的10倍，上下层各有图书多少本？
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2、池塘里有鲤鱼和草鱼共77条，鲤鱼的数量是草鱼的6倍，两种鱼各有多少条？
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3、两根绳子总长88米，长绳子的长度是短绳子的7倍，两根绳子各长多少米？
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4、商店运来毛巾和浴巾共64条，浴巾的数量是毛巾的7倍，两种物品各有多少条？
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5、甲乙两人存款一共150元，甲的存款是乙的4倍，甲乙各存款多少元？
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6、果园桃树和杏树共126棵，桃树棵数是杏树的8倍，桃树和杏树各有多少棵？
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7、学校足球和篮球共54个，篮球个数是足球的5倍，足球和篮球各有多少个？
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8、超市卖出牛奶和酸奶共108盒，酸奶盒数是牛奶的8倍，两种饮品各卖出多少盒？
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9、小红和小刚跳绳总数99下，小刚跳的数量是小红的2倍，两人各跳多少下？
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10、两块麦田总产量135千克，第一块麦田产量是第二块的4倍，两块麦田各产多少千克？
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第3天 和倍问题变式：几倍多几（两步调整总数）
训练目标：掌握“几倍多几”两步和倍解题逻辑，第一步减去多余数量，转化为整倍和倍问题计算
答题区域：每题分步列式、写答句
1、果园里桃树和梨树共95棵，桃树的棵数比梨树的3倍多5棵，桃树和梨树各有多少棵？
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2、学校买来钢笔和铅笔共125支，钢笔的数量比铅笔的4倍多5支，两种笔各有多少支？
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3、甲乙两数的和是86，甲数比乙数的5倍多2，甲乙两数各是多少？
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4、养殖场鸡鸭共102只，鸡的数量比鸭的6倍多6只，鸡和鸭各有多少只？
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5、书架上下层共有图书138本，上层图书比下层的7倍多2本，上下层各有多少本？
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6、小明和小红共有卡片114张，小明的卡片比小红的2倍多12张，两人各有多少张？
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7、超市苹果和橘子共156千克，苹果质量比橘子的5倍多6千克，两种水果各多少千克？
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8、班级男女同学共52人，男生人数比女生的3倍多4人，男女生各有多少人？
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9、两根绳子总长98米，长绳长度比短绳的8倍多8米，两根绳子各长多少米？
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10、商店毛巾和浴巾共76条，浴巾数量比毛巾的5倍多1条，两种物品各多少条？
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第4天 和倍问题变式：几倍少几（两步补全总数）
训练目标：掌握“几倍少几”两步和倍解题逻辑，第一步补上缺少数量，转化为整倍和倍问题计算
答题区域：每题分步列式、写答句
1、桃树和梨树共75棵，桃树棵数比梨树的3倍少5棵，两种树各有多少棵？
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2、甲乙两数和是93，甲数比乙数的4倍少7，甲乙两数各是多少？
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3、鸡鸭共82只，鸡的数量比鸭的5倍少8只，鸡和鸭各有多少只？
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4、上下层图书共104本，上层图书比下层的6倍少10本，上下层各有多少本？
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5、两人卡片共88张，小明卡片比小红的3倍少8张，两人各有多少张卡片？
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6、苹果和橘子共102千克，苹果质量比橘子的4倍少3千克，两种水果各多少千克？
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7、班级共46人，男生人数比女生的2倍少2人，男女生各有多少人？
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8、两根绳子总长81米，长绳比短绳的8倍少9米，两根绳子各长多少米？
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9、足球篮球共47个，篮球个数比足球的5倍少3个，两种球各有多少个？
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10、牛奶酸奶共95盒，酸奶盒数比牛奶的7倍少1盒，两种饮品各多少盒？
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第5天 几倍多几+几倍少几混合专项训练
训练目标：区分两种变式题型，快速判断解题方法，灵活运用两步调整法解题
答题区域：每题分步列式、写答句
1、甲乙两数和是105，甲数比乙数的6倍多3，甲乙两数各是多少？
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2、果园果树共87棵，桃树比梨树的4倍少3棵，两种树各多少棵？
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3、文具共132件，钢笔数量比圆珠笔的5倍多12支，两种文具各多少件？
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4、池塘鱼共69条，鲤鱼比草鱼的8倍少3条，两种鱼各多少条？
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5、两人存款共168元，甲存款比乙的3倍多18元，两人各存款多少元？
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6、图书共117本，故事书比漫画书的9倍少9本，两种书各多少本？
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7、家禽共94只，鸡比鸭的7倍多4只，鸡鸭各多少只？
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8、花草共128盆，月季比牡丹的5倍少2盆，两种花各多少盆？
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9、跳绳总数106下，小刚比小红的4倍多6下，两人各跳多少下？
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10、粮食共144千克，第一堆比第二堆的7倍少8千克，两堆粮食各多少千克？
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第6天 三数和倍基础两步问题
训练目标：拓展三数和倍题型，学会找公共1倍量，两步整合总份数、计算各数
答题区域：每题分步列式、写答句
1、甲乙丙三个数的和是120，甲数是乙数的2倍，丙数是乙数的3倍，三个数各是多少？
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2、果园有桃树、梨树、苹果树共180棵，梨树是桃树的2倍，苹果树是桃树的3倍，三种树各多少棵？
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3、三种文具共90件，圆珠笔数量是铅笔的2倍，钢笔数量是铅笔的3倍，三种文具各多少件？
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4、甲乙丙三人卡片共150张，甲卡片是乙的4倍，丙卡片是乙的1倍，三人各有多少张？
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5、三种水果共128千克，橘子质量是苹果的2倍，香蕉质量是苹果的5倍，三种水果各多少千克？
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6、学校三种球共84个，篮球个数是足球的3倍，排球个数是足球的2倍，三种球各多少个？
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7、甲乙丙存款共200元，甲存款是乙的5倍，丙存款是乙的4倍，三人各存款多少元？
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8、三种花卉共105盆，牡丹盆数是月季的2倍，郁金香盆数是月季的4倍，三种花各多少盆？
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9、三根绳子总长160米，第二根长度是第一根的3倍，第三根长度是第一根的4倍，三根绳子各长多少米？
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10、三种书籍共132本，漫画书是童话书的2倍，教辅书是童话书的6倍，三种书各多少本？
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第7天 三数和倍变式（多几少几）两步问题
训练目标：掌握三数和倍进阶题型，结合多几、少几调整总数，完成两步变式计算
答题区域：每题分步列式、写答句
1、甲乙丙三数和是135，甲数是乙数的2倍，丙数比乙数多5，三个数各是多少？
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2、三种树共190棵，桃树是梨树的3倍，苹果树比梨树少10棵，三种树各多少棵？
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3、三种文具共98件，钢笔是圆珠笔的4倍，铅笔比圆珠笔多8支，三种文具各多少件？
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4、三人卡片共162张，甲是乙的2倍，丙比乙少6张，三人各有多少张卡片？
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5、三种水果共136千克，橘子是苹果的3倍，香蕉比苹果多4千克，三种水果各多少千克？
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6、三种球共92个，篮球是足球的5倍，排球比足球少4个，三种球各多少个？
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7、三人存款共218元，甲是乙的3倍，丙比乙多18元，三人各存款多少元？
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8、三种花共112盆，牡丹是月季的4倍，郁金香比月季少8盆，三种花各多少盆？
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9、三根绳子总长174米，第二根是第一根的3倍，第三根比第一根多14米，三根绳子各长多少米？
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10、三种书共145本，漫画是童话的2倍，教辅比童话多15本，三种书各多少本？
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第8天 生活场景两步和倍专项（购物、行程）
训练目标：结合生活实际场景，读懂题干信息，提取数量关系，解决应用型和倍问题
答题区域：每题分步列式、写答句
1、妈妈买上衣和裤子一共花了180元，上衣的价格是裤子的2倍，上衣和裤子各多少元？
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2、超市一箱牛奶和一箱酸奶总价90元，牛奶价格是酸奶的4倍，两种饮品单价各是多少？
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3、小明上学走路和跑步一共用时36分钟，走路时间是跑步的5倍，走路和跑步各用时多少分钟？
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4、一套桌椅总价150元，桌子价格是椅子的4倍，桌子和椅子各多少元？
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5、爸爸和小明的年龄和是45岁，爸爸年龄是小明的4倍，父子两人各多少岁？
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6、两辆货车一共运货120吨，大车运货量是小车的5倍，大小货车各运货多少吨？
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7、买书包和文具盒一共花了96元，书包价格比文具盒的7倍多2元，两者各多少元？
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8、往返路程一共84千米，去的路程是返回的2倍，往返路程各是多少千米？
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9、水果店两天销售额一共240元，第二天销售额是第一天的3倍，两天各销售额多少元？
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10、钢笔和笔记本总价78元，钢笔价格比笔记本的8倍少3元，两者各多少元？
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第9天 生活场景两步和倍专项（校园、自然）
训练目标：深耕校园、自然场景应用题，提升题干解读能力，熟练两步解题流程
答题区域：每题分步列式、写答句
1、学校一二年级共320人，一年级人数是二年级的3倍，一二年级各有多少人？
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2、操场周围杨树和柳树共140棵，杨树棵数是柳树的6倍，两种树各多少棵？
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3、美术组和书法组共80人，美术组人数比书法组的4倍多5人，两组各多少人？
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4、春季播种花草种子共105粒，草种数量是花种的4倍，两种种子各多少粒？
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5、跳绳组和踢毽子组共63人，跳绳组人数比踢毽子组的8倍少6人，两组各多少人？
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6、湖面白天鹅和黑天鹅共48只，白天鹅数量是黑天鹅的5倍，两种天鹅各多少只？
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7、学校新买绿萝和多肉共126盆，绿萝盆数比多肉的5倍多6盆，两种绿植各多少盆？
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8、运动会男生女生参赛共99人，男生人数是女生的8倍，男女参赛各多少人？
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9、山林松树和柏树共165棵，松树棵数比柏树的7倍少3棵，两种树各多少棵？
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10、班级作业本和练习册共180本，作业本数量是练习册的5倍，两种本子各多少本？
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第10天 前9天题型综合复盘检测
训练目标：综合复盘基础、变式、三数、生活场景所有题型，查漏补缺，巩固解题方法
答题区域：每题分步列式、写答句
1、甲乙两数和是81，甲数是乙数的8倍，甲乙两数各是多少？
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2、鸡鸭共108只，鸡比鸭的5倍多8只，鸡鸭各多少只？
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3、桃树梨树共78棵，桃树比梨树的6倍少6棵，两种树各多少棵？
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4、甲乙丙三数和144，甲是乙的2倍，丙是乙的5倍，三个数各是多少？
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5、一套运动服126元，上衣价格是裤子的2倍，上衣裤子各多少元？
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6、三种球类共96个，篮球是足球的3倍，排球比足球多6个，三种球各多少个？
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7、小明和妈妈年龄和40岁，妈妈年龄比小明的7倍多4岁，两人各多少岁？
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8、文具店铅笔和橡皮共130件，铅笔数量是橡皮的9倍，两种文具各多少件？
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9、校园冬青和月季共152盆，冬青比月季的4倍少8盆，两种绿植各多少盆？
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10、三人跳绳总数180下，小红是小刚的2倍，小丽比小刚多30下，三人各跳多少下？
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第11天 隐蔽和倍两步问题（需先求总和）
训练目标：攻克隐蔽和倍题型，第一步先计算总数，第二步利用和倍公式解题，提升审题能力
答题区域：每题分步列式、写答句
1、小明有30张卡片，小红有40张卡片，两人把卡片分给甲乙两名同学，甲的卡片数量是乙的6倍，甲乙各分到多少张卡片？
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2、商店上午卖出45本书，下午卖出39本书，全天卖出的书分为故事书和漫画书，故事书是漫画书的3倍，两种书各卖出多少本？
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3、两块菜地，第一块收菜28千克，第二块收菜32千克，所有蔬菜分给甲乙两个食堂，甲食堂蔬菜是乙食堂的5倍，两个食堂各分多少千克？
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4、班级男生22人，女生26人，全班分成两组大扫除，第一组人数是第二组的2倍，两组各多少人？
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5、超市第一天进货56箱水果，第二天进货64箱水果，分给AB两个售卖区，A区数量是B区的7倍，两区各分多少箱？
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6、两根钢材，长42厘米和48厘米，截断后分成长短两段，长段长度是短段的8倍，长短段各长多少厘米？
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7、爸爸存款85元，妈妈存款95元，全家存款分成两份理财，第一份是第二份的4倍，两份理财各多少元？
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8、果园春季种树36棵，秋季种树54棵，所有树木中桃树是梨树的5倍，桃树梨树各多少棵？
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9、文具店原有68支笔，又购进52支笔，钢笔数量是圆珠笔的3倍，两种笔各有多少支？
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10、甲乙两人共有零花钱，甲原有48元，乙原有72元，甲的零花钱是乙的2倍，调整后两人各有多少零花钱？
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第12天 移多补少型两步和倍问题
训练目标：掌握移多补少进阶和倍题型，第一步计算总数量，第二步根据倍数求分配后数量
答题区域：每题分步列式、写答句
1、甲有60颗糖果，乙有30颗糖果，甲给乙多少颗糖果后，甲的糖果数量是乙的2倍？
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2、甲书架有图书80本，乙书架有图书40本，从甲书架拿多少本到乙书架，甲书架图书是乙书架的3倍？
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3、小明有95张卡片，小红有25张卡片，小明给小红几张后，小明卡片是小红的4倍？
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4、A桶有水70千克，B桶有水50千克，从A桶倒多少千克水到B桶，A桶水量是B桶的5倍？
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5、甲仓库有粮食100千克，乙仓库有粮食20千克，甲给乙多少粮食后，甲是乙的7倍？
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6、一班有55人，二班有35人，从一班调几人到二班，一班人数是二班的2倍？
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7、甲有88元，乙有32元，甲给乙多少元后，甲的钱数是乙的6倍？
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8、果园甲树挂果75个，乙树挂果45个，从甲树摘多少果子到乙树，甲树果子是乙树的3倍？
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9、甲盒有粉笔90支，乙盒有粉笔30支，从甲盒拿多少支到乙盒，甲盒粉笔是乙盒的4倍？
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10、小明有105本绘本，小刚有15本绘本，小明送给小刚多少本后，小明绘本是小刚的8倍？
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第13天 有余数调整型两步和倍问题
训练目标：掌握带余数、需取整调整的和倍题型，学会结合实际场景取舍余数，规范解题
答题区域：每题分步列式、写答句
1、甲乙两数和是83，甲数是乙数的4倍多3，甲乙两数各是多少？
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2、果园共有果树92棵，桃树是梨树的5倍多2棵，桃树梨树各多少棵？
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3、文具共107件，钢笔是圆珠笔的6倍多5件，两种文具各多少件？
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4、鸡鸭共115只，鸡是鸭的7倍多3只，鸡鸭各多少只？
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5、图书共129本，故事书是漫画书的8倍多9本，两种书各多少本？
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6、甲乙丙三数和158，甲是乙的2倍，丙是乙的3倍多8，三个数各是多少？
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7、三种水果共139千克，橘子是苹果的4倍，香蕉是苹果的2倍多4千克，三种水果各多少千克？
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8、两组人数共79人，第一组人数是第二组的3倍多7人，两组各多少人？
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9、存款共196元，甲是乙的5倍多16元，甲乙各存款多少元？
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10、绳子总长123米，长绳是短绳的9倍多3米，两根绳子各长多少米？
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第14天 倍数非整数进阶两步和倍问题
训练目标：适配课本进阶题型，掌握非整倍数、间接倍数关系的两步和倍计算，突破思维难点
答题区域：每题分步列式、写答句
1、甲数比乙数大36，甲乙两数的和是108，甲数是乙数的几倍？求出甲乙两数各是多少？
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2、两数之和是96，大数比小数多2倍，大小数各是多少？
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3、果园两种树共112棵，梨树比桃树多3倍，两种树各多少棵？
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4、甲乙存款和124元，甲比乙多2倍多4元，甲乙各存款多少元？
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5、两种文具共84件，钢笔比圆珠笔多5倍，两种文具各多少件？
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6、三人卡片共140张，甲比乙多1倍，丙是乙的2倍，三人各有多少张？
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7、两筐水果共105千克，第一筐比第二筐多4倍，两筐各多少千克？
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8、班级两组共66人，甲组比乙组多2倍多6人，两组各多少人？
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9、两种车辆共72辆，货车比客车多3倍，两种车各多少辆？
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10、三根绳子总长130米，第二根比第一根多1倍，第三根是第一根的3倍，三根绳子各长多少米？
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第15天 综合变式两步和倍专项（难点突破）
训练目标：整合所有难点题型，快速辨析题型、找准解题切入点，提升综合解题能力
答题区域：每题分步列式、写答句
1、甲乙两数和是118，甲数比乙数的7倍多2，甲乙两数各是多少？
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2、三种树共205棵，桃树是梨树的3倍，苹果树比梨树少5棵，三种树各多少棵？
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3、甲有72元，乙有48元，甲给乙多少元后，甲的钱数是乙的2倍？
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4、两数和是87，大数比小数的4倍少3，大小数各是多少？
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5、全天卖出图书120本，上午卖出的数量比下午的5倍多6本，上下午各卖出多少本？
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6、甲乙丙三数和160，甲是乙的4倍，丙比乙多10，三个数各是多少？
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7、A桶水90千克，B桶水30千克，倒多少水后A桶是B桶的5倍？
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8、花草共135盆，月季比牡丹的6倍少9盆，两种花各多少盆？
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9、三种文具共112件，钢笔是圆珠笔的2倍，铅笔比圆珠笔多16件，三种文具各多少件？
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10、两人年龄和48岁，爸爸年龄比小明的5倍多6岁，两人各多少岁？
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第16天 真题模拟两步和倍专项（基础真题）
训练目标：适配各校期末、暑假真题题型，贴合考试难度，规范答题格式
答题区域：每题分步列式、写答句
1、（期末真题）学校图书馆有科技书和文艺书共144本，科技书的本数是文艺书的8倍，两种书各有多少本？
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2、（期末真题）养殖场有白兔和黑兔共121只，白兔数量是黑兔的10倍，两种兔子各多少只？
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3、（单元真题）甲乙两数的和是98，甲数比乙数的6倍多8，甲乙两数各是多少？
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4、（单元真题）果园苹果树和山楂树共84棵，苹果树比山楂树的5倍少6棵，两种树各多少棵？
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5、（月考真题）三种球类共108个，足球是排球的2倍，篮球是排球的3倍，三种球各多少个？
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6、（月考真题）小明和小红共有130张邮票，小明邮票比小红的4倍多10张，两人各有多少张？
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7、（期末真题）两箱水果共156千克，第一箱质量是第二箱的5倍，两箱各多少千克？
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8、（单元真题）甲乙丙三数和175，甲是乙的3倍，丙比乙多15，三个数各是多少？
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9、（月考真题）甲有80支彩笔，乙有40支彩笔，甲给乙多少支后，甲是乙的3倍？
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10、（期末真题）班级图书角有童话书和科普书共111本，科普书比童话书的8倍少6本，两种书各多少本？
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