北京市平谷中学2025-2026学年高二下学期期中英语试题

这是一份北京市平谷中学2025-2026学年高二下学期期中英语试题，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，阅读表达，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
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We are pleased t annunce the launch f the “2025 Yuth Pht Challenge fr Disaster Risk Reductin ”. Yung and amateur phtgraphers are invited t participate by sharing their best phts. The tp 10 selected phts will be exhibited and featured in UN cmmunicatin materials, which will fster a greater understanding and appreciatin f resilience in the face f climate emergency, and t increase the vices f yuth glbally.
Theme
The theme centers n the impact f heat waves, wildfires, and flds. In particular, we encurage participants t:
Recrd slutins, preventin measures, and mechanisms adpted by individuals, lcal cmmunities, and natinal authrities t tackle these climate challenges.
Reflect innvatin and adaptatin in the face f adversity.
Evaluatin criteria
Phts will be evaluated based n fur criteria:
Relevance t theme: This criterin assesses hw effectively the phtgraph captures the impact f heat waves, wildfires, and flds, as well as the respnse mechanisms emplyed t address these challenges.
Impact and strytelling: This criterin evaluates the emtinal strength f the phtgraph. Special cnsideratin will be given t phts that successfully tell stries f resilience and empwerment.
Creativity and riginality: This criterin fcuses n the uniqueness f the perspective and the innvative reflectin f the themes.
Technical quality: This criterin examines the technical aspects f the phtgraph, including cmpsitin and verall visual appeal.
Submissin guidelines
Submissin deadline: 15 September 2025
Annuncement f selected phts: The tp 10 phts will be annunced n 13 Octber 2025, the Internatinal Day fr Disaster Risk Reductin.
Entries shuld be emailed t [email protected] with the subject line “Summer 2025 Pht Challenge Submissin”.
Each submissin must include: the phtgrapher’s full name and age; lcatin f the pht and date; and brief descriptin (50-100 wrds) explaining the pht’s cntext and relevance t the theme.
Participants must cnfirm the riginality f their wrk and ensure they have btained all necessary permissins fr any identifiable individuals in the phts.
1.What d we knw abut the Pht Challenge?
A. It will display the best phtgraphs.
B. It mainly fcuses n cmmunity effrts.
C. It is pen t prfessinal phtgraphers.
D. It aims t wrk ut slutins t disasters.
2.An entry is likely t be chsen if it ___________.
A. reflects internatinal relief effrts
B. demnstrates the ptimism f yuth
C. shws the appeal f advanced technlgy
D. presents riginal viewpints n climate crisis
3.What is ne f the requirements fr submissin?
A. Attaching a brief intrductin.
B. Sending the entry by 13 Octber.
C. Cmpleting an applicatin frm.
D. Getting permissin frm the cmmunity.
B
After the deadly hurricane in Octber, Taylr Schenker, wh lives in Cantn, Nrth Carlina, near hard-hit Asheville, went fr a walk with her friend t check ut the hmes destryed in the disaster.
“We spent abut fur hurs digging thrugh the mud, lking fr any belngings we culd find,” Schenker said. During the prcess, she fund sme phtgraphs that didn’t belng t them and laid them ut, hping they culd be reunited with their wners. Schenker said that thinking abut the phts she had left behind kept her up that night. She was afraid that if it rained r the wind blew, the phts wuldn’t be able t be reunited with their families.
The next day, Schenker went back t cllect the phts and ended up finding mre—abut 200 f them—cntaining schl prtraits, birthday cards, and images f childhd friends and families n vacatin. She said it was clear that the phts belnged t multiple families, and she understd hw special such memries culd be t them.
Realizing hw many imprtant family memries she nw had in her pssessin, she created the Phts frm Helene page—a virtual lst-and-fund where peple culd recgnize and reclaim their phts. She hped peple wuld recgnize the phts n her page and that wrd f muth wuld help reunite them with their rightful wners.
Schenker tk the phts hme, cleaned them ff, and rganized them int flders and bins fr safekeeping until they culd be returned t their wners. Schenker mailed phts t peple wh were n lnger in the area, but she als hand-delivered thse that belnged t families wh still lived nearby. Each reunin served as a heartwarming reminder f the imprtance f her wrk.
In ne instance, Becky Tate and her daughter bth recgnized their phts n the nline page. Tate’s daughter, Nancy, cmmented that her mm was in tears when they made the discvery.
“The prcess is definitely fulfilling,” Schenker said. “It’s enjyable t witness the mment when a phtgraph is returned t its rightful wner, and t bserve peple in the cmments mentining each ther and sharing their thughts and saying, ‘Oh my gsh, yu just reminded me f this mment in my life that I had ttally frgtten abut.’”
She said she chse the name fr her page because mst f the phts they’ve seen cme ut f the hurricane shw the devastatin (破坏) left behind—but her Phts frm Helene are happy memries f Asheville and the lives there.
4.What can we knw abut the phts n Schenker’s page?
A. They were all prf f the hurricane.
B. They were seriusly damaged in the strm.
C. They were left behind by sme families n purpse.
D. They were discvered in areas impacted by the hurricane.
5.Which sentence best expresses Schenker’s mtivatin fr her page?
A. “The hurricane destryed everything in its path.”
B. “I wanted t clean the phts and keep them as memries.”
C. “I realized hw imprtant these phts must be t smene.”
D. “It was just s sad t see s many phts spread and damaged.”
6.Why were Schenker’s actins imprtant after the hurricane?
A. They gave cmfrt t thse affected.
B. They inspired thers t vlunteer and help.
C. They prvided supplies t families in need.
D. They raised awareness f survivrs’ struggles.
7.Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Schenker?
A. Curius.B. Caring.C. Ambitius.D. Adventurus.
C
In recent research, my clleagues and I set ut t investigate the neural (神经的) mechanisms underlying experiences like slving challenging prblems. Specifically, we wanted t understand what happens in the brain while a persn engages in abstract and demanding thught—s we designed a study invlving math expertise.
Fr ur experiment, we selected 22 university students majring in mathematics, alng with 22 students frm ther disciplines. We asked the students t watch step-by-step presentatins that explained hw t slve several challenging math prblems. Thrughut this demnstratin, the students wre a cap cvered with electrdes (电极) s that we culd track electrical activity in their brains. After each presentatin, they had t reprt whether they thught they had understd the presentatins and hw engaged they felt during the experience.
We fund that students whse cursewrk invlved little mathematics shwed mre signs f cmplex activity in the prefrntal crtex (皮层), indicating hw hard they were wrking t understand the varius steps f the cmplex math demnstratins. Hwever, in the ther grup, we nted significant activity linking the frntal and parietal (顶骨) regins f their brain. Mre specifically, these areas exhibited a pattern f activity described as delta waves.
Sme recent research suggests that these delta waves may play a crucial rle in the cgnitive (认知的) prcessing that supprts deep internal cncentratin and the relcatin f infrmatin between distant brain regins. In fact, we suspect that the lng-distance delta waves we bserved may play a central rle whenever peple engage in cntextual and cmplex prblem-slving. This suggests that engaging brain netwrks in this way culd be useful fr many tasks requiring cncentratin. It’s likely that when peple with extensive experience in a task are deeply engaged in that effrt, these same delta waves are invlved, even as the specific brain netwrks vary. It’s als pssible—thugh we’ll need t investigate further t be sure—that this state f deep cncentratin is generalizable: develping this way f thinking in ne dmain culd help yu in thers.
These findings suggest a trade-ff that peple shuld keep in mind—particularly as artificial intelligence and ther tls ffer shrtcuts fr varius frms f prblem-slving. Each time we fflad a prblem t a calculatr r ask AI t summarize an essay, we lse an pprtunity t imprve ur wn skills and practice deep cncentratin. T be clear, technlgies can bst ur efficiency in imprtant ways, but the seemingly “inefficient” hard wrk we d can be pwerful, t.
8.Based n the study results, hw d Math majrs prcess challenging math prblems differently frm nn-Math majrs?
A. They experience less engagement during prblem-slving tasks.
B. They use mre areas f their prefrntal crtex t slve prblems.
C. They display delta wave activity linking frntal and parietal regins.
D. They shw slwer verall brain activity during cmplex prblem-slving.
9.What des the underlined wrd “trade-ff” in the last paragraph prbably refer t?
A. Weighing shrt-term efficiency against lasting cgnitive benefits.
B. Chsing between immediate cnvenience and faster results.
C. Sacrificing technlgy’s advantage fr human cmpetitin.
D. Deciding between human effrt and advanced tls.
10.Which f the fllwing best summarizes the authr’s view n the rle f “inefficient” wrk?
A. It allws the brain t build skills that are transferable t ther tasks.
B. It wastes time and resurces cmpared t using technlgy.
C. It imprves engagement but has n cgnitive benefits.
D. It helps thse wh are gd at subjects like math.
11.What is the best title fr the passage?
A. Which t Chse: Efficiency r Hard Wrk?
B. What Benefits Us Mre: AI Tls r Deep Cncentratin?
C. Emplying Cmplex Math Prblems t Enhance Delta Waves
D. Develping Expertise Imprves the Brain’s Ability t Cncentrate
D
Newspapers, advertisements, and labels surrund us everywhere, turning ur envirnment int a mass f texts t be read r ignred. As the quantity f infrmatin we receive cntinually increases and as infrmatin spreading is shifting frm page t screen, it may be time t ask hw changes in ur way f reading may affect ur mental life. Fr hw we receive infrmatin bears vitally n the ways we experience and interpret reality.
What is mst bvius in the evlutin f reading is the gradual displacement f the vertical (垂直的) by the hrizntal—a shift frm intensive t extensive reading. In ur culture, access is nt a prblem, but prliferatin(激增) is. And the reading act is necessarily different than it was in its earliest days. Awed by the availability f texts, the reader tends t mve acrss surfaces withut allwing the wrds t resnate (共鸣) inwardly.
Interestingly, this shift frm vertical t hrizntal parallels the verall scietal shift frm bunded lifetimes spent in single lcales t lives lived in wider gegraphical areas amid streams f data. This larger access was nce regarded as wrldliness—ne traveled, knew the life f cities, the ways f diverse peple…. It has nw becme the birthright f anyne wh wns a televisin set.
Hw d we square the advantages and disadvantages f hrizntal and vertical awareness? The villagers, wh knw everything abut their surrundings, are blessedly unaware f events in distant lands. The media-bsessed urbanites, by cntrast, never lse their awareness f what happens in different parts f the wrld.
We may ask, which peple are happier? The villagers may have fund mre sense in things wing bth t the limited range f their cncern and the depth n their infrmatin. But restricted cnditins and habit als suggest bredm and limitatin. The lack f a larger perspective (视角) leads t suspiciusness and cautius cnservatism, but fr the same reasn, the cnstant availability f data and macr-perspectives has its wn decreasing returns. When everything is happening everywhere, it gets harder t care abut anything.
Hw d we assign value? Where d we find the fixed cntext that allws us t create a narrative f sense abut ur lives? Ideally, I suppse, ne wuld have the best f bth wrlds—the purpseful fixity f the lcal, as well as the availability f enhancing views: a natural eclgy f infrmatin and cntext.
12.What can we learn abut the first tw paragraphs?
A. Readers tday tend t ignre deep engagement with texts.
B. It's difficult t shift frm vertical t hrizntal reading.
C. Where and hw we read texts shapes ur mental life.
D. Peple are tired f infrmatin prliferatin.
13.Accrding t the passage, villagers ______.
A. have a deeper understanding f their surrundings
B. shw n interest in what happens in the wrld
C. are less bred than media-bsessed urbanites
D. cannt adapt t changing situatins
14.What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Vertical awareness allws us t care abut thers.
B. Changes in ur reading habits lead t the scietal shift.
C. It's wise t keep a balance between a lcal and a glbal view.
D. Hrizntal reading affects ur mindset mre than vertical reading.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共10分。
The term "grwth mindset" has becme smething f a buzzwrd in ur life. Yu can find it everywhere yu lk—in the seminars f mtivatinal speakers, in the educatin curse descriptins, and in the missin statements f cmpanies. (15)
One f the biggest miscnceptins abut grwth mindset is that it is the same thing as being pen-minded in yur beliefs. This is untrue. Being pen-minded in yur beliefs is ften the belief n what true grwth mindset is, but this is actually called "false grwth mindset" in the research cmmunity. (16) What this means is that they have a fixed belief n their intelligence level, which is exactly what a fixed mindset is. They believe that they are grwing, when in reality they are nt.
Being pen-minded t ther peple's beliefs and new things is great, but it des nt mean that yu are actually learning anything. Furthermre, there is n way t ever have a truly cmplete grwth mindset. (17) It is imprtant that yu accept this and embrace it, while still desiring t experience grwth anyway. This is the nly way yu can truly fster as much f a grwth mindset as humanly pssible.
(18) Unprductive effrts that are merely dne fr the reward r utcme are nt cnsidered t be grwth mindset. True grwth mindset has nthing t d with reward r utcme. Rather, it is based entirely n the learning and grwing prcess itself. When yu are invested in a grwth mindset, yu are invested in the prcess regardless f the utcme.
(19) Yu cannt simply "have" a grwth mindset. Yu have t want ne, and invest in having ne. Understanding the truth abut grwth mindset will enable yu t understand exactly hw this trait can assist yu in life.
A. Mindset is a lt harder than "just d it".
B. It is virtually impssible, as we are all fixed in sme way r anther.
C. Anther false belief is that grwth mindset is abut rewarded effrts.
D. A secnd miscnceptin is that peple's mtivatin cmes frm the prcess.
E. But despite its ppularity, sme peple dn't understand what it actually means.
F. This is essentially peple wh have an "I already have it, and I always have" attitude.
G. Grwth mindset assists peple in having greater results frm what they set ut t accmplish.
15.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共10小题，共15分。
Dave King is in his secnd winter f snwplwing (铲雪) peple's driveways fr free.
April Frazier is ne persn wh has benefited frm King's kindness. She is a single mther. After ne strm last year, she was busy lking after her kids and just knew she was nt ging t be able t get ut there and (20) the snw.
Frazier saw a pst nline in which King invited peple t cntact him if they needed help with that day's strm. She (21) t him and ffered t pay him, but he refused.
Frazier was grateful — and has been (22) t see, with every strm since, King has reprted t her huse and plwed her driveway, never (23) a penny (一分钱). Nw he als plws her parents' driveway fr free. And ne time, he (24) plwed her parents' neighbrs' driveways withut anyne asking him. "He is lyal and (25) ," said Frazier.
King gt the idea when he verheard a neighbr cmplaining she was having difficulty with the snw in her driveway. It ccurred t King that he culd plw the driveways f peple in need fr free.
King went nline and invited anyne wh needed their driveways plwed t get in tuch with him. Peple were (26) at first, as thugh he had sme kind f dishnest plan ging. But they were quick t find ut he was (27) and started taking him up n his ffer.
King hpes t (28) this kindness and genersity and set up a whle netwrk f vlunteers t help peple in need.
"King is making a psitive difference in the cmmunity," Frazier said. "He is an unsung her fr this twn. He inspires hpe in (29) ."
20.A. feelB. remveC. cllectD. appreciate
21.A. reached utB. lked upC. held nD. gave in
22.A. prudB. anxiusC. puzzledD. surprised
23.A. spttingB. cstingC. expectingD. rejecting
24.A. evenB. almstC. stillD. rather
25.A. humrusB. cmmittedC. ptimisticD. imaginative
26.A. bredB. disappintedC. cautiusD. frightened
27.A. genuineB. ppularC. curageusD. wise
28.A. receiveB. expandC. keepD. practice
29.A. creativityB. hnestyC. cnfidenceD. humanity
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共12分。
30.In January 2018, the clning f tw lng-tailed mnkeys, Zhng Zhng and Hua Hua (1) (annunce) by Chinese Hua Hua, 1. scientists. They were the first-ever primates t have been clned! In cmparisn with ther species, clning primates has prved t be "much (2) (hard)", and ding s with nn-reprductive cells was even mre cmplicated. Dr. Sun Qiang, directr f the research team, said they had been whlly (3) (devte) t the research and had been taking care f mre than 1, 000 mnkeys 24 hurs a day, 7 days a week fr mre than 5 years. There had been a number f (4) (failure) befre they eventually fund a way t (5) (successful) clne a mnkey
By the end f each day, we all lng fr a little persnal space and quiet time. Alne time can vary greatly frm persn t persn. Fr sme, it is (6) (simple) abut being physically away frm peple, while fr thers, it is the ability (7) (discnnect) when alne. T figure ut whether alne time energizes r cnsumes yu, yu'd better dedicate a full day just t yurself and bserve (8) it affects yur emtins. If yu feel refreshed after taking time t yurself, yu can set aside mre alne time int yur schedule. Hwever, if yu feel frustrated when alne, yu need t lean int scial cnnectins mre frequently.
DeepSeek-R1, (9) cre technlgies are built upn a next-generatin large language mdel architecture, highlights China's grwing strength in AI innvatin. This smart assistant can answer cmplex questins, create digital art and even write cmputer cde. DeepSeek-R1 learns by repeatedly (10) (try), unlike ther AIs that rely n large amunts f prepared examples. It practises many times and gets (11) (gd), much like hw students master maths. (12) the develpment f DeepSeek-R1, China shws the wrld that great things cme frm new ideas and hard wrk, nt just mney.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
五、阅读表达：本大题共1小题，共8分。
31. I smile as sn as I am greeted by the barista(咖啡师) wh knws my name and rder. As I head t a table, latte in hand, I feel a lightness in my step. This is a feeling yu might experience in yur daily life as well. Chances are, there are peple yu cme int cntact with daily, wh yu may nt knw well but can put a smile n yur face.
Peple like this are called "cnsequential strangers". They culd be the neighbr yu chat t r even the persn yu regularly make small talk with at the gym. Typically, ur lives feature many cnsequential strangers. We may nly knw sme f them fr a shrt time, whereas thers may becme lngstanding parts f ur lives.
Like me, cunsellr Tina Chummun has fund that the barista she sees regularly is an imprtant cnsequential stranger t her. "I trust the feedback frm the barista because she has a cmpletely different perspective f me," she explains. Cnsequential strangers can give us a space t talk abut things that perhaps we dn't with ther peple in ur lives, and t hear alternative perspectives. These interactins are emtinally beneficial as well: the cnsequential strangers in my life nt nly help me feel a strnger sense f belnging t my cmmunity but als help with lneliness. And sme f these cnnectins culd ptentially becme supprtive relatinships we can turn t fr help.
"There are many ways that yu can apprach strangers and start cnversatins," says Tina. "If yu' re at a train statin waiting fr a train, yu can strike up a cnversatin abut hw annying the delay is." Yu may find that this brings yu int a fuller cnversatin, but even if yu nly have a fleeting exchange with smene, this is a great way t build yur cnfidence. Of curse, nt every cnsequential stranger is ging t becme a gd friend and that's OK. Still, they are a valuable part f yur life, able t make yu smile and feel a sense f cnnectin. And that in itself is well wrth celebrating.
(1) What kind f peple des the term "cnsequential strangers" refer t?
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(2) Hw d cnsequential strangers cntribute t the authrˈs emtinal well-being?
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(3) Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why. Having cnsequential strangers is well wrth celebrating as they are ging t becme yur gd friends.
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(4) Write abut ne f yur cnsequential strangers and hw he/ she influences yu.( In abut 40 wrds)
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六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共20分。
32.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim即将参加主题为“Skills Needed fr a Sustainable Future”的联合国青年论坛(UN Yuth Frum)，为此发来邮件，就发言内容询问你的想法。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
(1)你认为重要的技能；
(2)说明理由。
注意：
(1)词数100左右；
(2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
1~3.【答案】A、D、A
4~7.【答案】D、C、A、B
8~11.【答案】C、A、A、B
12~14.【答案】A、A、C
15~19.【答案】E、F、B、C、A
20~29.【答案】B、A、D、C、A、B、C、A、B、D
30.【答案】【小题1】
was annunced
【小题2】
harder
【小题3】
devted
【小题4】
failures
【小题5】
successfully
【小题6】
simply
【小题7】
t discnnect
【小题8】
hw
【小题9】
whse
【小题10】
trying
【小题11】
better
【小题12】
With
31.【答案】【小题1】It refers t the peple yu cme int cntact with daily, wh yu may nt knw well but can put a smile n yur face.
【小题2】They nt nly help the authr feel a strnger sense f belnging t the cmmunity but als help with lneliness.
【小题3】
Having cnsequential strangers is well wrth celebrating as they are ging t becme yur gd friends.
Having cnsequential strangers is well wrth celebrating as they are a valuable part f yur life, able t make yu smile and feel a sense f cnnectin.
【小题4】The librarian at my cmmunity library is an imprtant cnsequential stranger t me. He always greets me with a smile and extends apprpriate care. I remember when I was having prblems adjusting t high schl life, he sptted it and encuraged me t embrace the new life bravely.
32.【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m delighted t learn that yu will speak at the UN Yuth Frum. When it cmes t the essential skills fr a sustainable future, I believe critical thinking and crss-cultural cllabratin are the tw that matter mst.
Critical thinking enables us t lk beynd surface-level slutins.① When facing cmplex issues like climate change, it is this skill that helps us analyze rt causes and weigh evidence. Crss-cultural cllabratin, n the ther hand, prepares us t fster mutual understanding needed fr lasting slutins. Thus, envirnmental sustainability challenges can be tackled.
②I’m cnfident that with these insights, yur speech will be bth inspiring and influential. Wishing yu great success!
Yurs,
Li Hua