清单05 宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句（思维导图+解题必备+易混易错）（抢分清单）2026年中考英语终极冲刺讲练测+答案

这是一份清单05 宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句（思维导图+解题必备+易混易错）（抢分清单）2026年中考英语终极冲刺讲练测+答案，共13页。试卷主要包含了宾语从句，状语从句等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、宾语从句
宾语从句是在复合句中充当宾语的句子。宾语从句的三要素为：语序、时态和连接词。
（1）宾语从句的语序
宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“主句＋连接词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。如：
（2）宾语从句的时态
①需要性原则：主句现在时，从句时态视客观需要而定。如：Can yu tell me what he did yesterday？
②呼应性原则：主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的某种时态。如：Kate said she was reading a newspaper at this time yesterday.
③特殊性原则：表示客观事实、真理或自然现象时，无论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。如：Mm tld me that the earth ges arund the sun.
（助记：主现从任意，主过从必过，真理永不变）
（3）宾语从句的连接词
【拓展】
“疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等，用于该结构的疑问词有hw， when， what， where， which等。如：I dn’t knw where t g. 我不知道要去哪里。
一、宾语从句 —— 最易错的是“语序”和“时态”
易错点1：语序问题
错误： Culd yu tell me where des he live?
正确： Culd yu tell me where he lives?
口诀： 宾语从句用陈述语序（主语 + 谓语），不要倒装，不要助动词
易错点2：时态呼应
主句过去 → 从句用相应的过去时态
主句一般现在/将来 → 从句根据实际情况用时态
特例必考： 客观真理、自然现象、名言警句 → 永远用一般现在时
易错点3：that省略与保留
必保留that的情况：动词后有两个或多个that从句时，第一个that可省，第二个不能省
He said (that) he was busy and that he wuld cme later.
易错点4：if/whether混淆
句中有r nt → 只用 whether 介词后（如 talk abut）→ 只用 whether
动词不定式前（如 decide whether t g）→ 只用 whether
二、状语从句
在复合句中作状语的从句叫作状语从句。状语从句一般由从属连词引导，根据用途可以分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、地点状语从句和方式状语从句。
二、状语从句 —— 最易错的是“连词混淆”和“时态不对”
易错点1：when/while/as 分不清
when主句动作在从句动作之后发生
while主从句动作同时持续进行
as伴随动作，或“一边一边”
易错点2：until/till 与肯定/否定动词的搭配
（直到...才）：主句动词是短暂性的
He didn't leave until his mther came back.
（一直到...）：主句动词是持续性的
He stayed until his mther came back.
易错点3： / 结构混淆
s + 形容词/副词 + that
such + 名词短语 + that
易错点4：时态问题 —— 主将从现（必考点！）
在 时间（when, as sn as）和 条件（if, unless）
状语从句中：
主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时
错误： I will call yu as sn as I will arrive.
正确： I will call yu as sn as I arrive.
定语从句
在复合句中作定语的从句称为定语从句，定语从句在句子中相当于形容词。定语从句所修饰的名词、代词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。引导定语从句的是关系代词that，which，wh，whm，whse和关系副词when，where，why等。关系代词或关系副词既起连接作用，又在从句中充当成分。
(一)引导词的用法
(二)定语从句只用that引导的情况
1. 先行词是all, little, much, nne, everything, anything, nthing等不定代词时。如：
Is there anything (that) yu dn’t understand? 你有什么不懂的地方吗？
2. 先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级或有the nly, the very，the last，all，every，any，few，n等修饰时。如：
It is the last bk that I want. 这是我最不想要的书。
This is the nly way that I can think f. 这是我唯一可以想到的办法了。
3. 先行词既有指人的名词又有指物的名词时。如：
They are talking abut things and persns that they remembered in the schl. 他们正在谈论他们记得的学校里的人和事。
4. 关系代词出现在以wh或which开头的特殊疑问句中时，为避免重复用that。如：
Wh is the by that is playing ftball? 正在踢足球的那个男孩是谁？
Which is the cinema that has the biggest screen？哪一个电影院有最大的屏幕？
注意：
下列情况只能用which，不能用that。
三、定语从句 —— 最易错的是“关系词选择”和“介词位置”
易错点1：只用 that 的情况（必考记忆点）
先行词被 序数词、最高级、all/every/n/sme/any/little/few/much 修饰
先行词是 anyne/thse 时，先行词 既有人又有物不选which/wh时，用that
易错点2：只用 which（非限制性定语从句）
非限制性定语从句（有逗号隔开）：指物时只能用which，不能用that
His new car, which cst a lt, is very nice.
易错点3：介词+关系代词（介词前置）
介词 + which（指物） / 介词 + whm（指人）
介词取决于先行词的习惯搭配或从句的动词搭配 比较：
The huse in which he lives is big.（正式） The huse which he lives in is big.（口语）
注意：介词前置时，关系代词不能用that，且不能省略
易错点4：as 引导的限制性定语从句
用在 , the 结构中
注意区别： the （相似的事物） vs. the （同一个事物）
This is the same pen as I lst.（和我丢的那支很像，但不是同一支）
This is the same pen that I lst.（就是我丢的那支）
易错点5：主谓一致问题
关系词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数和先行词一致：
He is ne f the students wh have passed the exam.（修饰students，复数）
He is the nly ne f the students wh has passed the exam.（修饰ne，单数）
一、单项选择
1．（2025·四川攀枝花·中考真题）—Excuse me. Can yu tell me ________?
—Sure. Yu can take bus N. 22. The bus statin is ver there.
A．where shuld I get ff the bus
B．where can I find bus N. 22
C．hw I can get t the Yinjianghu Park
D．hw can I get t the Yinjianghu Park
2．（2025·山东东营·中考真题）—I wnder ________.
—The egg. Scientists frm Switzerland believe s.
A．hw lng the egg has been in the wrld
B．which came first, the egg r the chicken
C．whether yu like the egg and the chicken
D．when scientists started t study the chicken
3．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Culd yu please tell me ________?
—Certainly. There are s many t fllw. Fr example, we can’t be nisy r eat there.
A．where the schl library is
B．what the schl library rules are
C．if there’s a library in ur schl
4．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）—My parents will give me a red packet after my graduatin!
—I wnder ________.
A．hw much mney have yu gtB．what yu bught with the mney
C．if yu will give it t yur parentsD．that yu will deal with the mney
5．（2025·四川凉山·中考真题）—Sarah, culd yu tell me ________?
—Abut ten minutes’ walk.
A．hw far it is frm yur hme t schl
B．hw lng it takes yu t walk t schl
C．hw yu get t schl frm yur hme
6．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）—That sunds interesting! May I ask ________ t see the changes?
—Well, it depends. Sme peple take a while, and sme thers take frever.
A．hw much will it cstB．hw lng will it take
C．hw much it will cstD．hw lng it will take
7．（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）—Culd yu tell me ________ tw 30-minute breaks every day?
—They help us stay healthy and energetic.
A．why we haveB．what we d during
C．why d we haveD．what d we d during
8．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）— Excuse me, culd yu tell me ______?
— It usually pens at nine ’clck.
A．hw I can get t the bankB．where the bank is
C．hw far the bank isD．when the bank pens
9．（2025·北京·中考真题）— Linda, d yu knw ________ fr the schl trip this term?
— Yes. We are ging t the Capital Museum.
where we are gingB．where we went
C．where are we gingD．where did we g
10．（2025·湖北武汉·中考真题）—David, what’s the meaning f “A prmise is a prmise”?
—It tells us ________.
A．what prmise we must keepB．when d we make a prmise
C．why shuld we make a prmiseD．hw imprtant keeping a prmise is
11．（2025·山东东营·中考真题）________ yu’ve finished yur hmewrk, yu may g ut and play.
A．SinceB．BefreC．UnlessD．Althugh
12．（2025·海南·中考真题）After the speech, it was time fr phts. ________ sme f ur eyes were wet, we still tried t shw bright smiles.
A．ButB．SC．Althugh
13．（2025·西藏·中考真题）________ r nt yu’re successful, yu must try yur best.
A．WhetherB．IfC．EitherD．Neither
14．（2025·四川凉山·中考真题）—Labr educatin is imprtant fr students’ develpment.
—Sure. ________ schls put it int practice, students will be mre independent.
A．AlthughB．UnlessC．If
15．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）________ it may nt wrk n everyne, it may wrk n yu.
A．ThughB．ButC．BecauseD．Since
16．（2025·四川乐山·中考真题）It is gd fr yur health ________ yu take a walk after supper.
A．untilB．ifC．althugh
17．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Nwadays mre and mre peple take exercise every day ________ they can have healthier bdies.
A．such thatB．in rder tC．s that
18．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）The wind pwer f ur cuntry develps mre quickly ________ we push fr green energy.
A．thughB．befreC．asD．until
19．（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）________ ver 400 millin adults are t heavy, China has made a plan t help its peple with weight cntrl.
A．SinceB．UnlessC．ThughD．Until
20．（2025·四川成都·中考真题）Xu Dawei wants t pass the Civilian Mbile Library n t his sn ________ it can stay pen frever.
A．befreB．althughC．s that
21．（2025·四川攀枝花·中考真题）In Jurney t the West, my favurite character is Wukng ________ keeps fighting t help the weak.
A．whB．whmC．whseD．which
22．（2025·西藏·中考真题）The stry ________ my grandfather tld me abut Qian Xuesen is tuching.
A．whB．whmC．whseD．which
23．（2025·四川乐山·中考真题）Chengdu is a city in China ________ has tw airprts because f the pening f Chengdu Tianfu Internatinal Airprt.
A．whereB．whC．that
24．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）The high-technlgy clthes ________ the players wre helped them perfrm better in the 9th Asian Winter Games.
A．thatB．whC．what
25．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—Did yu watch the mst exciting dance ________ was perfrmed by rbts during the Spring Festival Gala f the Year f the Snake?
—Yes, it was amazing.
A．whichB．thatC．wh
26．（2025·四川遂宁·中考真题）—What kinds f after-schl activities d yu like?
—I like thse activities ________ are abut P.E. and art.
A．whB．whmC．whichD．/
27．（2025·四川达州·中考真题）—What kind f music d yu like?
—I like music ________ I can dance t. When I hear the sngs, I’m full f energy.
A．whatB．whyC．that
28．（2025·四川成都·中考真题）It’s hard t say gdbye t the teachers ________ have spent the past three years with us.
A．whichB．whC．what
二、语法选择
（2025·广东·中考真题）
请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。
Lily wrks as a main ck in a famus restaurant. It was her mm wh guided her int the wrld f cking.
When she was a little girl, Lily spent a lt f time with mm in the kitchen.
She remembered that she wuld always sit there 1 watch mm cking. She was curius abut 2 mm was busy with. When she was lder, she 3 t d easy tasks like beating eggs. Later n, while mm was making dumplings, Lily wuld help cut vegetables 4 a small knife. She als learned hw t make dumplings f 5 shapes. T a girl f her age, cking was real magic. As Lily grew up, she learned mre abut fd and tried cking 6 dishes than befre. After finishing cllege, she decided 7 in a restaurant. With wild imaginatin, she came up with many new ideas and started t create 8 wn dishes. S far, she 9 many dishes with special tastes. All these dishes are ppular with custmers.
Tday, the kitchen is still a place fr Lily and mm t have 10 fun tgether. Every time befre a family dinner party, they will cperate t plan a menu. Cking has kept their mther-daughter relatinship strng.
1．A．rB．andC．but
2．A．whatB．thatC．whether
3．A．is allwedB．was allwedC．was allwing
4．A．byB．frC．with
5．A．differentB．differenceC．differently
6．A．difficultB．mre difficultC．the mst difficult
7．A．wrkB．wrkingC．t wrk
8．A．herB．hersC．herself
9．A．inventsB．will inventC．has invented
10．A．/B．aC．the
三、短文填空
（2025·四川攀枝花·中考真题）
根据所提供的单词或者首字母，用单词的适当形式完成短文。请将答案写在答题卡上，直接写在试卷上不给分。
The CR450 is a new high-speed train that can g very fast! The train can reach a test speed f 450 kilmeters per hur and will run at 400 kilmeters per hur with passengers. H 1 amazing it is! This means it will be the 2 (fast) high-speed train in the wrld!
The China State Railway Grup, which made the train, says the CR450 is excellent in many 3 (area). It ges fast, stps quickly, uses less energy, and 4 (make) little nise.
First, even t 5 the CR450 ges super fast, it is still very safe and cmfrtable. Secnd, the train’s weight is cut by 10%. S its lighter bdy helps the train save energy. 6 (three), the inside f the train is quiet, just like the slwer trains, prviding a peaceful travel experience. At last, the train ffers passengers mre space t 7 ther trains. And there are als special places fr luggage, bikes and even wheelchairs, s everyne has enugh rm fr 8 (they) things.
The CR450 is cming at full speed with a bright future, which is really 9 (meaning) in the histry f China’s railway develpment. We are lking frward t 10 (travel) in the train as quickly as pssible.
连接词
意义及例句
从属连词that
无实际意义，可以省略：He says （that） his father has gne abrad.
从属连词whether/if
“是否”，不可省略：He asked me whether I wuld stay there fr anther tw days.
连接代词
(what/which/wh/whse/whm等)
在从句中作一定的成分（主语、宾语、定语等）：He asked me whse cat it was.
连接副词
(when/where/why/hw)
在从句中作状语：She desn’t knw when she shuld g there.＝She desn’t knw when t g there.
状语从句的分类
从句的引导词
例句
时间状语从句
when/while/as“当……时候”
befre“在……之前”
after“在……之后”
since“自……以来”
until/till“直到……为止”
as sn as“一…就……”
When he receives the letter, he will tell us. 收到信时，他会告诉我们的。
Yu have been cnfident since I first met yu. 自从我第一次见到你，你就一直很自信。
I didn’t believe I culd d it until I gt t the tp. 直到爬到了山顶，我才相信自己能做到。
条件状语从句
if “如果”
unless “除非”
as lng as “只要”
Our eyesight will becme prer and prer if we keep playing with phnes. 如果我们一直玩手机，我们的视力就会变得越来越差。
He can’t see clearly unless he wears glasses. 他不戴眼镜就看不清。
原因状语从句
because “因为”
since “既然”
as “由于”
I like listening t music because it makes me relaxed.我喜欢听音乐，因为它使我放松。
As yu were ut, I left a message. 因为你不在，所以我留了张纸条。
目的状语从句
s that“以便，为了”
in rder that“为了”
They sped up in rder that they culd get there n time. 他们加速是为了能按时到达那里。
结果状语从句
s… that…“如此……以至于……”
such… that…“如此……以至于……”
It is such nice weather that all f us want t g t the park. 多么好的天气啊！我们大家都想去公园玩。
He was s angry that he culdn’t say anything.他气得一句话也说不出来了。
让步状语从句
thugh/althugh “尽管”
even if/even thugh “即使”
whatever“无论什么”
whenever“无论何时”
wherever“无论哪里”
whether“不管……(还是)；无论”
Even thugh it is dangerus, many peple still try t climb the muntain. 尽管很危险，很多人还是试图爬上那座山。
Whenever yu have prblems, just let me knw. I’ll always be there fr yu. 无论你什么时候有问题，都要让我知道，我随时恭候。
Wherever she ges, she always gets tns f attentin. 她所到之处，总能得到很多人的关注。
I am ging whether yu like it r nt. 不管你愿不愿意，我都要走了。
地点状语从句
where “哪里”
wherever“在任何地方”
Sit where I can see yu. 坐到我能看见你的地方。
方式状语从句
as“照……方式”
as if/thugh“好像”
Yu may d as yu wish utside wrking hurs. 不在上班时间，你爱干什么就干什么。
It sunds as thugh yu had a gd time. 听起来你好像过得挺愉快。
引导词
先行词
充当成分
例句
wh，that
人
主语、宾语、表语
Is he the man wh/that wants t see yu？他是那个想见你的人吗？
whm
人
宾语
He is the man (whm) I talked t yesterday befre the teaching building. 他就是我昨天在教学楼前与之交谈的人。
which，that
物
主语、宾语、表语
Is this the htel (which/that) yu checked in during the vacatin? 这是你假期期间入住的酒店吗？
Where is the bk (that/which) I bught just nw？我刚刚买的那本书在哪里？
whse
人、物
定语
The by whse father is a dctr studies very hard. 爸爸是名医生的那个男孩学习非常刻苦。
when
时间
状语
I still remember the day when yu left fr Beijing. 我仍然记得你去北京的那一天。
where
地点
状语
This is the training center where I learned t dance. 这就是我学习跳舞的培训中心。
why
原因
状语
We dn’t knw the reasn why he didn’t shw up. 我们不知道他为什么没有来。
条件
例句
关系代词在介词之后，作介词的宾语时
This is the museum in which I tk this pht. 这就是我拍这张照片的博物馆。
先行词本身就是that时
I dn’t like that which he did. 我不喜欢他做的那件事。
引导非限制性定语从句时
He did very well in the cmpetitin, which made his parents very happy. 他在比赛中表现得非常出色，这使他的父母很开心。