2023届北京东城区高三二模英语试卷 附答案

这是一份2023届北京东城区高三二模英语试卷 附答案，共17页。试卷主要包含了 5， 5分, 共15分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023. 5
本试卷共11页, 共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,
在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节, 30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 共15分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One Octber mrning, I planned t take Hney, my dg, ut with me. We live in a __1__ area up in the hills. Our driveway is barely wide enugh fr ne car, with a ravine（深沟）n ne side. While I was starting the car slwly, a flash f sunlight__ 2__ me. I put my hand up t blck the sunlight. Suddenly, the car slipped in the sft sil, and rlled dwn the ravine. After several rlls, we __3__ upside dwn. I was stuck and felt a sharp pain in my chest. I lked ver t find Hney. Luckily, she was kay.
We were at least 50 feet dwn. Just as I'd __4__ , my cell phne culdn't geta signal.
Calm dwn ! I tld myself. At least I culd get Hney ut f here. Painfully, I reached ver and picked her up and__ 5__ put her thrugh a brken windw. “G hme, baby. ”She jumped t the grund and raced up the side f the ravine.
I culd d nthing but sit there fr hurs. The last bit f light faded away.
Slam! Was that a car dr? “Help!” I shuted with all my__ 6__ .
“Mike! Where are yu?” It was Rbin, my clsest neighbr, wh lived tw miles dwnhill frm me.
Half an hur later, the rescue crew__ 7__ and rushed me t the hspital.
The next day Rbin brught Hney t the hspital. She gt right up next t me n the bed and snuggled （依偎）clse. With her there, it was like my pain__ 8 __. “I gt hme frm wrk and Hney was waiting fr me, " Rbin said. “She gt__9__and ran in circles, like she was trying t tell me smething!” Rbin figured he'd bring Hney back t my __10__ , and that's when he heard me shut.
Hney, my life-saving her!
1.A. crwdedB. newC. ppularD. remte
2.A. cveredB. blindedC. burntD. warned
3.A. landedB. circledC. drveD. pulled
4.A. hesitatedB. fearedC. agreedD. dubted
5.A. activelyB. cnstantlyC. gentlyD. secretly
6.A. curageB. wisdmC. patienceD. strength
7.A. calledB. arrivedC. frmedD. searched
8.A. returnedB. spreadC. frzeD. disappeared
9.A. cnfusedB. disappintedC. anxiusD. bred
10.A. huseB. carC. hspitalD. ffice
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 共15分）
阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
The wrld will bserve Internatinal Museum Day n May 18th. Since 1977, this day__ 11__ （celebrate） by the Internatinal Cuncil f Museums annually t raise awareness f the rle that museums play in the develpment f sciety. The day is an excellent way f__ 12__ （get） mre f the yunger generatins interested in the histry and culture available in museums. Every year, the rganizatin__13__（decide） n a new theme. And the theme fr 2023 is Museums, Sustainability and Well-being.
B
I am a 22-year-ld artist. My jurney thrugh art led me t being an envirnmentalist.
__14__we cnsider waste may be useful when we think abut it in a different light. Althugh largely__ 15__ （ignre）, materials thrwn away prvide plenty f resurces fr us artists t give them a secnd life. In my hands, glass bttles, plastic bags, and ther waste__ 16 __（item） becme a frm f sustainable art. I want t mtivate the peple wh buy this type f art t cntribute t the planet's welfare.
C
Reading is a unique human experience. Just by skimming ur eyes ver sme wrds, we can__ 17__ （mental） travel acrss time and space.
But reading can als be hard, especially when we're faced with a difficult text. __18__ （make） it an easier, mre rewarding experience, yu'd better read in print whenever pssible. One reasn fr ding s is that ur eyes are less likely t skim past printed wrds than thse __19__screen. Plus, cnsuming cntent n a physical page helps the brain make a mental map f the infrmatin, __ 20__ in turn makes it easier t remember details in future.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分, 共28分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Pacific Science Center field trips have gne virtual! Bring the fun and excitement f a PacSci field trip t yur students while engaging them with enriching cntent designed t enhance yur curriculum（课程）and aruse their curisity. PacSci＇s educatrs jin yur classrm live frm ur Curisity Studi, and lead students thrugh live sessins featuring sme f yur favrite STEAM activities. Each prgram is 40 minutes lng. We may be able t accmmdate shrter r lnger prgrams t fit yur needs!
AVAILABLE PROGRAMS
Piece f Mind
Cst: $ 300
Maximum Number f Participants: 40
Best fr Grades: 6-10
Descriptin: Be inspired by the pwer f the brain as students learn hw it cntrls memry, mvement, and sight. Discver hw the brain functins thrugh live activities anid fun puzzles, and see a real human brain sample!
Stick the Landing
Cst: $ 500 （includes 3 sessins）
Maximum Number f Participants: 30
Best fr Grades: 9-12
Descriptin: Over the curse f 3 sessins, use the steps f the engineering design prcess t build a mdel f a Mars lander. Dive int past and future missins t Mars and carefully cnsider the criteria and restrictins fr real Mars missins. Learn hw engineers are just ne f the many careers that cntribute t cmplex slar system missins.
Night Sky Tnight
Cst Varies by Grup Size
·1-99 participants: $ 250
·100-199 participants: $ 350
·200+ participants: $ 550
Maximum Number f Participants: Unlimited
Best fr Grades:3-12
Descriptin: Becme a true backyard astrnmer. Learn hw living n a giant spinning ball changes what can be seen each night. Discver hw t find stars, and even hw the sky can be used t find directins!
Ecsystem Investigatrs
Cst:$200
Maximum Number f Participants: 50
Best fr Grades:3-8
Descriptin: Wrk as a team t create a virtual ecsystem mdel revealing hw living and nn-living parts cnnect and interact in an aquatic （水生的）envirnment. Using new knwledge abut ecsystem interactins, becme a wetland scientist and explre the relatinship between rganisms in a real pnd sample.
Fr mre details, please check ut ur Prgram Requirements.
21. What can we learn abut Pacific Science Center field trips?
A. Each prgram is fr ne certain grade.
B. The expense fr each prgram varies.
C. The length fr each prgram is unchangeable.
D. Every prgram has a max number f participants.
22. Cperatin is needed in the prgram
A. Piece f MindB. Stick the Landing
C. Night Sky TnightD. Ecsystem Investigatrs
23. The passage is intended fr ___.
A. tur guidesB. research scientistsC. schl teachersD. prgram designers
B
Run by Sciety fr Science, Regenern Science Talent Search is a premier science and math cmpetitin fr high-schl senirs. One f the winners f this year is 17-year-ld Ethan Wng, wh tries t imprve existing technlgy. His fcus: airplanes. Nearly all planes have a tail. The tail keeps the plane's nse frm suddenly changing directin during a turn. The structure adds stability but weighs the plane dwn. Tailless-designed airplane wings culd serve the same functin as the tail, as well as cutting the envirnmental cst f air travel. But there's a catch. Thse wings must twist（弯曲）in a very precise way that makes them hard t prduce.
Ethan became fascinated by this kind f airplane design when he saw a vide f NASA's Prandtl-D aircraft gliding gracefully thrugh the air withut a tail. “I just thught that was really cl, ” says Ethan. He wndered if he culd find a simpler way t achieve the same tailless flight.
“Essentially what I did was just trial and errr, ” Ethan says. Using a cmputer mdel f an airplane wing, he adjusted the angle f twist alng the wing until it culd achieve tailless flight. Usually, such a wing requires a cntinuus distributin f wing twist. But he culd achieve a similar effect with wings that had just a few sectins f twist. “It's super easy t make, ” Ethan says.
In his garage, Ethan built mdel airplanes using rubber materials and packing tape t test his design. “Seeing the plane in the air was pretty cl, ” Ethan says. “It just flew really, really well. ”
Lighter, mre efficient planes culd pen the dr t ther air travel innvatins. “It's been a lng-term gal f mine t build a slar plane that can fly thrugh the day pwered by slar panels n its wings, ” Ethan says. “It is abslutely pssible fr a really efficient plane. ”
T ther teens wh have big engineering ideas t explre, Ethan always says, “Dn't ever give up. ” Even when sme machinery feels impssible t understand, it helps t remember that the wrld's greatest inventrs are nly human, t. “Als, just make sure yu lve whatever yu d, ” Ethan adds. “That'll make pursuing everything a lt easier. ”
24. What is ne advantage f the tailless airplane?
A. It makes aircraft design easier.
B. It is envirnmentally friendly.
C. It reduces prductin csts.
D. It prmtes flight stability.
25. What drew Ethan's attentin t the tailless airplane design?
A. The breakthrugh in aircraft materials.
B. The flight f an aircraft in a vide.
C. The prize fr riginal design.
D. The desire fr innvatin.
26. In Ethan's pinin, what help inventrs realize their dreams?
A. Ambitin and efficiency.
B. Enthusiasm and respnsibility.
C. Passin and determinatin.
D. Cnfidence and independence.
C
Besides the thery f evlutin, Charles Darwin was als respnsible fr the thery f emtin, the mst imprtant principle f which was that the mind cnsists f tw cmpeting frces, the ratinal（理性的）and the emtinal. He believed emtins played a part in the lives f nn-human animals, but in humans emtins were a very small remaining part whse usefulness had been largely replaced by the evlutin f reasn.
This thery dminated his field fr mre than a century, but it was dead wrng. We nw knw that, n the cntrary, emtins enhance ur prcess f reasning and aid ur decisin-making. In fact, we can't make decisins, r even think, withut being influenced by ur emtins.
Cnsider a pineering 2020 study in which researchers analyzed the wrk f 118 prfessinal traders at fur investment banks. Sme were highly successful, but many were nt. The researchers'gal was t understand what differentiated the tw grups. Their cnclusin? The traders had different attitudes tward emtins.
The relatively less successful traders fr the mst part denied that emtins had an effect n their decisin-making. The mst successful traders, in cntrast, had a different attitude. They shwed a great willingness t reflect n their emtin-driven behaviur. They recgnised that emtin and gd decisin-making were linked. Accepting that emtins were necessary fr high perfrmance, they tended t reflect critically abut the rle f emtin. Thugh the successful traders accepted the psitive and essential rle emtins played, they understd that when emtins becme t intense it is useful t knw hw t tne them dwn. The issue fr them was nt hw t avid emtin, but hw t harness it.
If emtins aid ratinal reasning, hw des that wrk? Perhaps the mst imprtant discvery regarding the rle f emtin is that even when yu believe yu are exercising cld, lgical reasn, yu aren't. Peple aren't usually aware f it, but the very framewrk f their thught prcess is highly influenced by what they're feeling at the time. As the Caltech neurscientist Ralph Adlphs puts it: “Each emtin is a functinal state f the mind that puts yur brain in a particular mde f peratin that adjusts yur gals, directs yur attentin, and mdifies（调整）the weights yu assign t varius factrs as yu d mental calculatins. ” The new view f emtin may nt crrespnd t the way Darwin saw it, but it des supprt ne f the basic cnclusins f his thery f evlutin: humans are nt as different frm nn-human animals as peple believed. Want t fare better? Value and regulate yur emtin.
27. Based n the study, successful traders wuld __.
A. reveal their hidden emtins
B. we their success t emtins
C. review decisins depending n emtins
D. examine their actins influenced by emtins
28. What des the underlined wrd “harness” in Paragraph 4 mst prbably mean?
A. Cntrl and use.
B. Analyse and release.
C. Face and adapt t.
D. Understand and accept.
29. Accrding t Paragraph 5, which f the fllwing is the best example f Ralph Adlphs' wrds?
A. Cnfidence may expse ne t mre chances.
B. Depressin will cnsume ne's energy.
C. Anger may lead ne t risk-seeking.
D. Optimism will affect ne's health.
30. What is mainly discussed in the passage?
A. The cntributing factrs t emtins.
B. The wrkable strategies f emtins.
C. The wrking principle f emtins.
D. The cnstructive rle f emtins.
D
September 2022 was apparently the mnth artificial intelligence essay anxiety biled ver in academia, after a user f an AI writing service claimed t be getting straight A's with essays “written” using artificial intelligence. Mst prfessrs expressed cncern. One wrte, “Grading smething an AI wrte is an incredibly depressing waste f my life. ”
As all this nline depressin was playing ut, I asked my students, wh were mstly majrs in writing, t submit a 2, 000-wrd prpsal abut a lcal issue. I asked them t rely n the AI as much as pssible. After reviewing their 22 AI essays, I can tell yu cnfidently that the technlgy just isn't there. My students used free accessible text generatrs nline and put in a lt f effrt. But, if I had believed these were genuine student essays, the very best wuld have earned smewhere arund a C r C-minus. Many f the essays had bvius red flags fr AI generatin: utdated facts, qutes frm prir university presidents presented as current presidents, fictinal prfessrs and named student rganizatins that dn't exist. At the same time, the students reprted that using AI required far mre time than simply writing their essays the ld-fashined way wuld have.
There has been a fair amunt written abut the suppsed impressiveness f AI-generated text. There are even several high-prfile AI-written articles, essays r even scientific papers r screenplays that shwcase this impressiveness. In many f these cases, the “authrs” have access t higher-quality language mdels than mst students are currently able t use. But, mre imprtantly, the published examples are generally the plished frm f prfessinal writers and editrs. In cntrast, many f my students' AI-generated essays shwed the cmmn prblems f student writing-uncertainty abut the apprpriate writing style, issues with rganizatin and transitins, and incnsistent paragraphing. Obviusly, prducing a quality essay with AI requires having high writing skill and revising skill t prduce apprpriate utputs.
My experiment als tells me that a gd assignment sheet is the best defense against AI essays. If yur assignment is “Describe the reasns fr the U. S. Civil War”, yu are mre likely t get AI r dwnladed essay submissins. My assignment was a challenge because it asked students t address lcal issues f cncern. There are just nt enugh relevant examples in the data the AI text generatrs are drawing frm.
It has been just ver five years since cmputer scientists declared, “We shuld stp training radilgists（放射科医生）nw. Deep learning is ging t d better than radilgists. ” Well, we're still training radilgists, and there's n indicatin that deep learning is ging t replace human dctrs anytime sn. In much the same way, I strngly suspect full-n rbt writing will always and frever be “just arund the crner”.
31. What can we learn abut the students in the experiment?
A. Their writing efficiency was affected.
B. Their essays were better structured.
C. They preferred AI-written essays.
D. They vercame AI's weaknesses.
32. What des the authr imply in Paragraph 3?
A. Online text generatrs are far frm reliable.
B. Genuine student essays deserve higher marks.
C. Students need t have better mastery f technlgy.
D. Revising applicatins decide the quality f AI essays.
33. In the authr's pinin, what may discurage the use f AI text generatrs?
A. Standard criteria.
B. Strict regulatins.
C. Clear instructins.
D. Unique writing tasks.
34. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T assess AI's influence n students' writing.
B. T discuss the threat f AI t the teaching f writing.
C. T appeal fr the apprpriate applicatin f AI text generatrs.
D. T analyse the differences between genuine and AI-written essays.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分, 共10分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We have all been guilty f being verptimistic when predicting hw lng a task will take because f the planning fallacy. First identified in 1977, the planning fallacy was defined as: “the tendency t underestimate the amunt f time needed t cmplete a future task, due in part t the reliance n verly ptimistic perfrmance scenaris （预测）. ”
It is extremely cmmn. 35 Fr instance, a study cnducted with psychlgy students fund that nly 30% f them managed t cmplete their senir papers in the amunt f time they predicted.
What's mre, the planning fallacy is an incredibly stubbrn prblem. 36 While we are able t recgnise past predictins where we have been ver-ptimistic, we ften keep n insisting that ur current predictins are realistic.
The planning fallacy is such a deep-rted behavir. Hwever, there are a few systematic strategies yu can use t start building the habit f duble-checking yur time estimates. Fr instance, yu can take the utside view. 37 Make sure t cnsult experts and peple wh have attempted t cmplete similar prjects in the past. If yu're a student, talk t senir students; if yu're writing a bk, jin a netwrk f writers.
38 Yu need t differentiate between tasks that are urgent and imprtant, imprtant but nt urgent, urgent but nt imprtant, neither urgent nr imprtant.
Once yu have an bjective estimate f the time it will take t cmplete a prject, yu need t make sure yu have the time and resurces t carry ut yur plan. 39
Break dwn big tasks int smaller, manageable chunks. Dn't wait until the last minute t let peple knw yu may need their help in the near future.
A. Defining yur pririties als helps.
B. We dn't learn frm ur previus mistakes.
C. D nt base yur estimates n yur wn criteria.
D. Fcusing n fine details is the recmmended practice.
E. We can see many failed r late prjects, which lead t time wasting.
F. There have been lts f studies cnfirming the existence f the planning fallacy.
G. Blck time in yur calendar, and make sure the resurces yu need are available.
第三部分：书面表达（共两节, 32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分, 第42题3分, 第43题5分, 共12分）
阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
With sciety's high pressures t achieve, it's understandable that individuals prefer t hide their weak pints-but ding s cmes at a cst.
I learned that lessn when I participated in a hiking expeditin. As a new hiker, I struggled. The trip was difficult t me even withut needing t carry my heavy camping packs. I was slwed dwn, yet I refused t tell my teammates in hpes that I wuld seem perseverant. T my delight and surprise, ne f the mre active members requested that we stp fr a break. I quickly realized I wasn't the nly ne hiding my weaknesses after nticing the rest f the team's apparent relief.
Fr many f us, authenticity, r behaving as ne's true self in daily life, is quite challenging. As scial beings, we've learned t adapt and fit int ur envirnment, making it challenging t display wh we are at times. Yet, the advantage f authenticity is evident, driving its recent ppularity amng thught leaders.
Authenticity even imprved my hiking experience-the mment my grup admitted t ur shrtcmings was when we started wrking better as a team. S, can being urselves nt nly help us wrk better, but help thse wh wrk arund us?
The truth is, it can.
Researchers have fund that nt nly did authentic wrkers have higher wrk engagement and lwer wrk tiredness, but their teammates had the same results, regardless f whether they were genuine themselves. The results suggest that the benefits f authenticity g beynd the individual, and spread t teammates as well. S, we can imprve ur teammates' wrk behavir by merely being urselves.
Why des authenticity bst ur teammates? This is because authentic teammates d nt priritize prtecting themselves at the cst f their wrk r relatinships. Instead, they recgnize the interests f bth themselves and thers when making decisins. This allws thse they wrk with t feel safe while being themselves at wrk. By fcusing less n appearing hard-wrking in hpes t get ahead-and mre n trying t be better all-arund individuals-authentic teammates can make a great impact n their wrk envirnment.
40. Hw did the authr feel when ne team member asked fr a rest during the hiking?
41. Why is it hard fr peple t display their true selves?
42. Decide which part f the fllwing statement is wrng. Underline it and explain why.
Authentic wrkers feel safe by being themselves at wrk, s authenticity bsts their teammates.
43. Apart frm what is mentined in the passage, what ther benefit（s） d yu think authenticity can bring t us? （In abut 40 wrds）
第二节（20分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim来信提及他参加了学校举办的“从地标建筑读懂一座城市”的世界城市展示活动。请你用英文给他回一封电子邮件, 谈谈你的想法。内容包括：
1. 你推荐的城市及其地标建筑；
2. 推荐理由。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。
提示词：地标 landmark
Dear Jim,
Yurs,
Li Hua
（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）
北京市东城区2022-2023学年度第二学期高三综合练习（二）
英语参考答案及评分标准
2023. 5
第一部分：知识运用（共两节, 30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 共15分）
1. D
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. C
6. D
7. B
8. D
9. C
10. A
第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 共15分）
11. has been celebrated
12. getting
13. decides
14. What
15. ignred
16. items
17. mentally
18. T make
19. n
20. which
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分, 共28分）
21. B
22. D
23. C
24. B
25. B
26. C
27. D
28. A
29. C
30. D
31. A
32. A
33. D
34. B
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分, 共10分）
35. F
36. B
37. C
38. A
39. G
第三部分：书面表达（共两节, 32分）
第一节（12分）
40. He felt happy and surprised. /He felt relieved.
41. Because peple have learned t adapt and fit int their envirnment.
42. Authentic wrkers feel safe by being themselves at wrk, s authenticity bsts their teammates.
Authentic wrkers make their wrkmates feel safe.
43. 略。第二节（20分）
参考范文：
Dear Jim,
Gd t hear frm yu, and what an interesting activity! We can really tell a lt abut a city frm its buildings.
I knw yu are a fan f Chinese architecture, s if yu haven't decided which city t pick, yu may cnsider Beijing, with the Frbidden City as a distinctive landmark.
Lcated in the centre f Beijing, the Frbidden City, the imperial palace f the Ming and Qing dynasties, has a histry f ver 600 years. It has witnessed the changes f the city. Thus, it is surely a wrthy landmark f Beijing and a gd chice fr yur prject.
I hpe my advice will be helpful. Wish yu every success.
Yurs,
Li Hua