2026年江苏省南京二十九中中考英语一模试卷(含答案+解析)(含答案+解析)
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The wrld is getting htter. (1) there are still sme peple wh say that climate change is nt real!Others say that it is real,but we cannt d anything (2) it,s we need nt try.
(3) Nvember 2021,wrld leaders (r mst f them) met in Glasgw,in Sctland,fr the COP26 summit.They tk quite a few decisins t try and stp the Earth (4) t warm.Many cuntries prmised t use green energy surces (5) ,knwn as "renewables."
(6) mst peple care abut ur planet and knw that we have t act nw t avid a climate catastrphe,there are ther peple wh have different ideas.There are peple wh just dn't care,and there are peple wh care mre abut (7) than abut the wrld arund them.
The cleanest electricity cmes frm the wind and the sun,but (8) takes time t build enugh slar pwer plants and wind turbines fr a whle cuntry.Then there (9) anther big prblem:we cannt depend n slar pwer and the wind,because the sun des nt shine at night,and the wind des nt blw all the time.
Climate change (10) byCO2 and ther gases in the air.Many cuntries are nw prducing lessCO2 and less air pllutin than they (11) .Cars are cleaner,heating is cleaner,mre things are being recycled.The prblem lies in prer cuntries which cannt (12) the new technlgy,and d nt have the systems in place.
The truth is that we cannt imagine nt t fight (13) climate change.Because the cst f a climate catastrphe will be even (14) .If we want t stp climate change,we must think abut (15) .Just as the saying ges,"Where there is a will,there is a way."
1.A. AndB. ButC. OrD. S
2.A. stpB. t stpC. stppingD. stpped
3.A. OnB. AtC. InD. Since
4.A. getsB. getC. gtD. getting
5.A. alreadyB. carefullyC. insideD. instead
6.A. AsB. AlthughC. TillD. While
7.A. theyB. themC. theirD. themselves
8.A. itB. thatC. neD. anther
9.A. haveB. isC. areD. be
10.A. causesB. is causingC. is causedD. has caused
11.A. used tB. are used tC. are usedD. used
12.A. t affrdB. affrdC. affrdsD. affrding
13.A. abveB. againstC. amngD. arund
14.A. highB. higherC. highestD. highly
15.A. that everything is fine nwB. whether it is getting htter
C. what we have t d nwD. when is there a prblem
二、完形填空:本大题共10小题,共10分。
Street art is a very ppular frm f art.It is (16) quickly all ver the wrld.Yu can find it n buildings and street signs frm Beijing t Parts.
Art experts(专家) say that the mvement began in New Yrk in the1960s.Yung adults wuld use paint in special cans t put their wrds and ther images n walls and cars (17) the city.One well-knwn street artist is Swn.She (18) paper images f peple and puts them n walls.Swn didn't start her career as a street artist.She studied art,but (19) time went n,she gt bred with the wrks she saw in museums r galleries.The peple in New Yrk enjy Swn's strng and interesting (20) .
Street artists d their wrk fr a reasn.Sme f them chse street art because it is (21) t the peple.Sme artists try t express their pinins in their wrks.Advertising cmpanies als use street art in their advertisements because it gives the deep impressin and energy.The New Yrk stre Saks Fifth Avenue (22) used a street artist's design fr their shp windws and shpping bags.
In tday's wrld the Internet has a big (23) n street art.Artists can shw their pictures t the audience all ver the wrld n the Internet.Many peple, (24) ,say that seeing a picture n the Internet is never as gd as seeing it live.Street art lives with the (25) and life f a big city.There it will cntinue t change and grw.
16.A. watchingB. makingC. spreadingD. searching
17.A. behindB. byC. underD. arund
18.A. puts utB. cuts utC. turns utD. wrks ut
19.A. asB. afterC. befreD. while
20.A. styleB. stryC. prblemD. prgram
21.A. saferB. lwerC. clserD. better
22.A. hardlyB. recentlyC. seldmD. almst
23.A. successB. differenceC. presentD. influence
24.A. mreverB. hweverC. therwiseD. therefre
25.A. natureB. heatC. energyD. calm
三、阅读理解:本大题共15小题,共15分。
A
A slutin is a liquid(液体) in which smething is disslved(溶解).Think abut the difference between salt water and tap water.The salt water lks clear,but it still tastes salty because the salt is still there.Because slutins are made with water,which is made f hydrgen and xygen,the hydrgen in the water can make a slutin int an acid r a base.
In chemistry,the pH scale is used t tell hw acidic r alkaline (basic) a slutin is.Acids and bases are tw types f chemicals.Acids can taste sur,such as lemn juice while bases are slippery(滑的) like sap.
Pure water has a pH f 7.A pH lwer than 7 is mre acidic.A pH greater than 7 is mre alkaline r basic.When acids and bases react tgether,they usually make water.Fr example,stmach acid that breaks dwn fd has a pH f 1,meaning it is a very strng acid.Antacids are used t calm heartburn and react(起化学反应) with stmach acid.The pH f antacids are arund 10,which means antacids are basic.
26.What decides that a slutin is an acid r a base? ______
A. Tap.B. Hydrgen.C. Oxygen.D. Salt.
27.Which f the fllwing abut the pH scale is TRUE? ______
A. A slutin with a higher pH is mre acidic.
B. Sap is a base because it is slippery.
C. Baking sda is mre basic because it has a pH f 9.
D. Eating mre lemns is gd fr heartburn.
28.What's the text mst prbably frm? ______
A. A newspaper.B. A tur guide.
C. A diary.D. A science magazine.
B
"Lve"is ne f the mst basic and universal feelings in the wrld.It appears in different ways-such as a parent's uncnditinal care,a friend's heartfelt supprt,and a lver's burning passin.It is als an unchanging theme in wrks f art frm ancient times t the present,bth in the East and the West.
Here are the lyrics f the sng Make Yu Feel My Lve,by Bb Dylan,a rck and flk music artist,wh was awarded the 2016 Nbel Prize fr Literature(文学) n Octber 13,2016.
When the rain is blwing in yur face,
and the whle wrld isn yur case,
I culd ffer yu a warm embrace,
t make yu feel my lve.
When the evening shadws and the stars appear,
and there is n ne there t dry yur tears,
I culd hld yu fr a millin years,
t make yu feel my lve.
I knw yu haven't made yur mind up yet,
but I wuld never d yu wrng.
I've knwn it frm the mment that we met,
n dubt in my mind where yu belng.
I'd g hungry;I'd g black and blue,
I'd g crawling dwn the avenue.
N,there's nthing that I wuldn't d,
t make yu feel my lve.
The strms are raging n the rlling sea,
and n the highway f regret.
Thugh.winds f change are blwing wild and free,
yu ain't seen nthing like me yet.
I culd make yu happy,
make yur dreams cme true.
Nthing that I wuldn't d.
G t the ends f the Earth fr yu,
t make yu feel my lve.
29.What can yu learn frm the passage? ______
A Lve is the nly theme f art in the wrld.
A. The lve between parents and children is a burning passin.
B. Bb Dylan has wn the Nbel Prize fr Literature nce.
C. Bb Dylan is a famus writer instead f a rck and flk music artist.
30.What may the underlined phrase"n yur case"mean in the sng? ______
A Waiting fr yur reply patiently.
A. Making yu feel trubled r wrried.
B. Standing by yur side t supprt yu.
C. Asking yu fr help in different ways.
31.In the sng,Bb Dylan mainly used ______ t express hw he was willing t d anything fr his lver.
A. descriptins f natural scenes
B. examples f specific actins
C. repetitins f classic English sayings
D. cmparisns f different life experiences
C
Nature and culture are ften seen as ppsite ideas.What belngs t nature cannt be the result f human activities and,n the ther hand,cultural develpment is achieved against nature.Hwever,this is nt the nly pinin n the relatinship between nature and culture.Studies in the develpment f humans suggest that culture,whether taken as an effrt against nature r a natural effrt,is part f the develpment f the human species(物种).
Several mdern writers saw the prcess f educatin as a struggle(斗争) against human nature.We are brn with wild natures,such as eating and behaving in a disrganized way r acting selfishly.Educatin uses culture as a way t get us ut f ur wildest natures;it is thanks t culture that the human species culd learn t adapt (适应),prgress and raise itself abve and beynd ther species.
Over the past century and a half,hwever,studies in the histry f human develpment have shwn that the frmatin f culture is part f the bilgical adaptatin.Cnsider,fr example,hunting.It seems t be an adaptatin,which allwed humans t mve int new and different areas,pening up the pprtunity t change living habits.At the same time,the develpment f weapns(武器) is related t that adaptatin-frm rcks and stnes t a set f hunting tls,and frm hunting tls t rules relating t the prper use f weapns.Hunting als seems t be respnsible fr a whle set f bdily abilities,such as balancing n ne ft.Just think f hw this very simple thing is clsely related t dance,a key expressin f human culture.It is then clear that bilgical develpment and cultural develpment are clsely tied.
The transmissin f culture seems t be directly related t what's in ur bld.Just as snails carry their shell,s d we bring alng ur culture.Hwever,culture is als passed n amng peple f the same times r amng peple belnging t different ppulatins.We can learn hw t make jiazi even if we were brn frm Russian parents in Paris just as we can learn hw t speak English even if nne f ur family r friends speaks that language.
32.Why are nature and culture ften seen as ppsite ideas? ______
A. Because human activities make nature instead f culture.
B. Because it seems cultural develpment is achieved against nature.
C. Because peple think the develpment f humans is friendly t nature.
D. Because human species always take a natural effrt t develp.
33.What is Paragraph 2 mainly abut? ______
A. Culture belngs t human nature.
B. Nature teaches humans hw t adapt.
C. Humans are suppsed t be well rganized.
D. Educatin pushes the human species t prgress.
34.Why des the writer talk abut hunting in Paragraph 3? ______
A. T suggest sme pssible ways f changing living habits.
B. T stress the imprtance f tls in humans' struggle fr life.
C. T shw hw culture develps as humans adapt t the envirnment.
D. T explain why there is a need t call fr the prper use f weapns.
35.What des the wrd"transmissin"in Paragraph 4 prbably mean? ______
A. System.B. Spread.C. Start.D. Spirit.
D
Hlmes rubbed his hands tgether excitedly.His eyes shne and he leant frward in his chair.
"Tell us yur stry,"he said.
Miss Mrstan began her stry and we listened.
"My father,"she began,"was a captain in the army.When I was very yung,he was sent t India.My mther was dead and I had n ther relatives in England.S,while my father was away,I was sent t schl."
"When I was seventeen,I received a letter frm my father.He said that he was leaving India and cming back t England.He gave me the address f a htel in Lndn.He asked me t meet him there."
"I was very happy and excited abut seeing my dear father again.I went t Lndn and arrived at the htel.I asked fr Captain Mrstan,my father.But I was tld by the htel manager that my father was nt there.He had gne ut the night befre and nt returned."
"I waited all day and all night,but my father didn't cme back t the htel.Finally,I went t the plice.They advertised fr Captain Mrstan in all the newspapers,but withut success.I never saw my dear father again."
…
"Fur years after my father disappeared," cntinued Miss Mrstan,"I saw an advertisement in the newspaper.The date was 4th May,1882.T my surprise,the advertisement asked fr the address f Miss Mary Mrstan.It said that if I advertised my address,I wuld receive sme very gd news."
"What did yu d?"asked Hlmes.
"I advertised my address in the same newspaper.The next day,I received a small cardbard bx,Inside the bx was a lvely pearl(珍珠).And I have received anther five pearls since that day.They arrive every year n the same day.Lk."
She pened a flat bx and shwed us six beautiful pearls.
" ______"asked Hlmes.
Nthing at all,"replied Miss Mrstan.Then she cntinued,"But the strangest thing f all happened this mrning.That is why I came t see yu.This mrning,received a letter.Please read it."
"Thank yu,"said Hlmes.He tk the letter and studied it carefully.
36.When did Miss Mrstan cme t see Hlmes? ______
A. In 1878.B. In 1882.C. In 1886.D. In 1887.
37.Why did Miss Mrstan cme t see Hlmes? ______
A. Because her father asked her t d s.
B. Because she had gt sme lvely pearls.
C. Because her father had just disappeared.
D. Because she had received a strange letter.
38.Hw did Miss Mrstan feel after she gt the letter that mrning? ______
A. Excited.B. Surprised.C. Angry.D. Prud.
39.Which questin is the mst suitable in the blank in the passage? ______
A. Was there any letter with the pearls?
B. Did yu meet anyne after that?
C. Did anyne knw abut this?
D. Were these pearls yur father's?
40.What is the crrect rder f the fllwing sentences? ______
a.Miss Mrstan saw an advertisement.
b.Miss Mrstan came t see Hlmes.
c.Miss Mrstan received a letter frm her father.
d.Miss Mrstan received sme pearls.
e.Captain Mrstan disappeared.
A. c-e-a-d-bB. d-c-e-a-bC. b-c-a-e-dD. e-b-c-a-d
四、任务型阅读-完成表格:本大题共1小题,共10分。
41. Scientists find that hard-wrking peple live lnger than average men and wmen.Career wmen are healthier than husewives.Evidence shws that the jbless are in prer health than the jb-hlders.A study shws whenever the unemplyment rate increases by 1%,the death rate increases crrespndingly(相应地) by 2%.All these cme dwn t ne pint Wrk is helpful t health.
Why is wrk gd fr health?It is because wrk keeps peple busy away frm lneliness.Researches shw that peple feel unhappy,wrried and lnely when they have nthing t d.Instead,the happiest are thse wh are busy.Many high achievers wh lve their careers feel that they are the happiest when they are wrking hard.Wrk serves as a bridge between man and reality.By wrk,peple cme int tuch with each ther.By cllective(集体的) activity,they find friendship and warmth.This is helpful t health.
The lss f wrk means the lss f everything.It influences man spiritually and makes him becme ill mre easily.Besides,wrk gives ne a sense f fulfillment(充实感) and a sense f achievement.Wrk makes ne feel his value and status in sciety.When a writer finishes his writing r a dctr successfully perates n a patient r a teacher sees his students grw,they are happy beynd wrds.
Frm the abve we can cme t the cnclusin that the mre yu wrk,the happier and healthier yu will be.Let us wrk hard,study well and live a happy and healthy life.
Title:Wrk and (1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、选词填空-短文:本大题共1小题,共5分。
42.
A:Hi,Tina.What are yu ging t d this weekend?
B:I'm ging t a(1)______
A:A cncert?What kind f cncert is it?
B:A pian cncert.It is held fr charity.
A:Are there any famus musicians?
B:Yes,there are,(2)______ Tan Dun,a wrld-famus cmpser.Wuld yu like t g with me?
A:Certainly,I'd like t.Tan Dun is my favurite musician.He(3)______ making music.Hw much is the ticket?
B:500 yuan.
A:Oh,it's t expensive.I can't(4)______ it.
B:I dn't have s much mney,either.I plan t help my parents(5)______ t get mre pcket mney.
A:That's a gd idea.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
六、首字母短文填空:本大题共1小题,共10分。
43. There are rbts all arund us.Sme d very cmplicated jbs like flying airplanes and driving trains and sme d a (1)s ______ jb.When an autmatic washing machine is switched n,water purs in.The machine waits (2)u ______ the water is ht befre washing the clthes.It des this by "feedback".Infrmatin abut what is happening is "feedback"int the rbt t tell it (3)w ______ t d next.
Our eyes,ears and ther (4)s ______ are ur feedback.They tell us what is ging n arund us.S rbts are like peple in tw ways:they wrk and they have feedback.
There are rbts all arund making ur lives easier.Sme f them,like the pcket calculatr,can wrk (5)f ______ mre quickly than human beings can.And they rarely make mistakes.
In sme ways rbts are better than peple.They wrk quickly,but d nt make mistakes.They d nt get (6)b ______ with ding the same jb ver and ver again.And they never get tired.
Rbts are very useful in factries.They can be taught t d many (7)d ______ jbs.First their electrnic brains must be shwn hw the jb is dne.A persn mves the rbt's "arm"and "hand"(8)t ______ each part f the jb.The rbt's brain remembers each mve.When the rbt is put t wrk n its wn,its brain cntrls the rds,wheels and mtrs which mve its arm.
When the rbt is needed fr a (9)n ______ jb,its electrnic memry is "wiped clean".Then it is taught hw t d its new task.
The mst "intelligent"rbts can mve and see.Their eyes are cameras.Their metal fingers can (10)f ______ shapes and even find ut hw ht and cld bjects are.
These rbts have cmputer brains,linked t their eyes and fingers,which cntrl their actins.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
七、阅读填空:本大题共2小题,共10分。
44. D yu knw the (1) (关系) between clurs and mds?Clurs can influence ur mds.Fr example,blue can (2) (创造)a calm feeling.That's because blue can bring peace t ur mind and bdy.Red is a clur that draws (3) (注意力).Peple (4) (认为) it is the warmest clur and makes peple feel passinate.Red can als help yu make a (5) (决定).Chse the clur white if yu want a rm t lk clean and peaceful.White walls can help make yur rm feel mre spacius.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
45. Peking Opera is ne f China's imprtant traditinal art frms.It is ne f the natinal treasures f China.It (1) (frm) in the late 18th century and became cmpletely develped in the mid-19th century.Why is Peking Opera s ppular in China?The reasn is that it shws rich Chinese culture, (2) (include) wnderful stries,paintings and clthes.It has fur main kinds f perfrmers called Sheng,Dan,Jing and Chu.Each f (3) (they) has its wn clthes and face-paintings.Fr example,yung male.characters are (4) (knw) as Xiasheng.Peking Opera tells stries by (5) (sing) with different mvements.Sme f them are frm the histry bks,and mst f them frm classical nvels.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
八、书面表达:本大题共1小题,共15分。
46.假如你是李华,你的英国笔友Carl想在暑假期间来中国参观。请阅读他的邮件,并写一封回信,词数80左右。
Dear Carl,
I'm glad t knw that yu are ging t pay a visit t China this summer hliday.______
All the best, Li Hua
答案和解析
1~15.【答案】B、B、C、D、D、B、D、A、B、C、A、B、B、B、C
【解析】( 1)考查连词辨析。句意:世界正在变暖,但仍有一些人说气候变化不是真的!and并且;but但是;r或者;s所以。前后分句是转折关系,用"but"表示转折。故选B。
( 2)考查动词不定式。句意:其他人说它是真的,但我们对阻止它无能为力,所以我们不必尝试。stp阻止;t stp去阻止(不定式);stpping阻止(动名词);stpped阻止(过去式)。动词短语 "d anything t d sth." 是固定搭配,意为"采取任何措施去做某事",此处"t stp"作目的状语,表示"(为了)阻止它"。故选B。
( 3)考查介词辨析。句意:在2021年11月。On在具体某一天;At在具体时刻或地点;In在年、月、季节等时间段内;Since自从。表示在某年、某月,用介词"in"。故选C。
( 4)考查动词短语。句意:他们采取了不少决定,试图阻止地球变得太暖。gets变得(动词第三人称单数);get变得(动词原形);gt变得(过去式);getting变得(动名词)。短语"stp sth./sb.(frm)ding sth."意为"阻止某物/某人做某事",frm可省略。用"getting"作stp的宾语补足语。故选D。
( 5)考查副词辨析。句意:许多国家承诺转而使用绿色能源,即所谓的"可再生能源"。already已经;carefully仔细地;inside在里面;instead代替,转而。根据上下文,强调用绿色能源替代传统化石能源,用"instead"表示"(使用绿色能源)替代(传统能源)"。故选D。
( 6)考查连词辨析。句意:尽管大多数人关心我们的星球,并且知道我们必须现在就行动以避免气候灾难,但还有一些人持不同观点。As因为;Althugh尽管;Till直到;While当……时。前半句是"大多数人关心并行动",后半句是"还有人持不同观点",存在让步转折关系,用"Althugh"引导让步状语从句。故选B。
( 7)考查代词辨析。句意:有些人更关心他们自己,而不是关心周围的世界。they他们(主格);them他们(宾格);their他们的(形容词性物主代词);themselves他们自己(反身代词)。此处指代前面的"peple",意为"他们自己",用反身代词"themselves"作介词abut的宾语,表示强调。故选D。
( 8)考查代词。句意:最清洁的电力来自风能和太阳能,但要为一个国家建立足够的太阳能发电厂和风力发电机这件事需要时间。it它(形式主语);that那(指示代词/连词);ne一个(泛指);anther另一个。句子真正的主语是后面的不定式"t build...",需用"it"作形式主语,It takes time t d sth,"做某事需要花费时间"。故选A。
( 9)考查There be句型。句意:然后还有另一个大问题。have有(动词原形);is 是(单数);are 是(复数);be是(be动词原形)。There be句型中,be动词的单复数由后面最邻近的名词"anther big prblem"(单数)决定,且为一般现在时,be动词用"is"。故选B。
( 10)考查被动语态。句意:气候变化是由空气中的二氧化碳和其他气体引起的。causes引起(动词第三人称单数,一般现在时);is causing正在引起(现在进行时);is caused被引起(一般现在时的被动语态);has caused已经引起(现在完成时)。主语"Climate change"是动作"cause"的承受者,且是客观事实,应用一般现在时的被动语态,用"is caused"表示"被引起"。故选C。
( 11)考查短语辨析。句意:许多国家现在排放的二氧化碳和空气污染比它们过去少了。used t过去常常;are used t习惯于;are used被使用;used使用(过去式)。此处用"used t"表示"过去常常"与"nw(现在)"形成对比。故选A。
( 12)考查情态动词后动词原形。句意:问题在于较贫穷的国家,它们负担不起这项新技术,并且没有现成的系统。t affrd负担(动词不定式);affrd负担(动词原形);affrds负担(动词第三人称单数);affrding负担(动名词)。情态动词"cannt"后应接动词原形,用"affrd"作谓语。故选B。
( 13)考查介词搭配。句意:事实是,我们无法想象不与气候变化作斗争。abve在……上方;against对抗;amng在……之中;arund围绕。短语"fight against"意为"对抗,与……斗争",用"against"与"fight"搭配,意为"对抗气候变化"。故选B。
( 14)考查形容词比较级。句意:因为一场气候灾难的代价会更高。high高的(形容词原级);higher更高的(形容词比较级);highest最高的(形容词最高级);highly高度地(副词)。此处作表语,应使用形容词,even修饰比较级。故选B。
( 15)考查宾语从句。句意:如果我们想阻止气候变化,我们必须思考我们现在必须做什么。that everything is fine nw现在一切都好(陈述语序);whether it is getting htter 天气是否在变热(陈述语序);what we have t d nw我们现在必须做什么(陈述语序);when is there a prblem问题何时出现(疑问语序)。think abut后接宾语从句,且从句应用陈述语序。C项"我们现在必须做什么"符合语法和语境。故选C。
这篇短文讨论了全球变暖与气候变化的紧迫性,并指出尽管多数人认同其严重性并寻求解决方案(如使用可再生能源),但不同人群态度与技术挑战依然存在。短文最后强调,对抗气候变化需要全人类付出努力。
首先通读全文,了解文章大意,紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,然后明确词意,结合所学语法,运用排除法逐一选出答案,最后再通读全文核对答案。
16~25.【答案】C、D、B、A、A、C、B、D、B、C
【解析】( 1)考查动词。句意:它正在世界各地迅速传播。watching观看;making制作;spreading传播;searching搜寻;根据"Street art is a very ppular frm f art."(街头艺术是一种非常受欢迎的艺术形式。)以及"Yu can find it n buildings and street signs frm Beijing t Parts."(从北京到帕特斯,你都能在建筑物和路标上看到它。)可知,到处都能够看到街头艺术,说明它正在迅速地传播,故选C。
( 2)考查介词。句意:年轻人会用特制的颜料罐把自己的文字和其他图像涂在遍及整个城市的墙上和汽车上。behind在……后面;by通过;under 在……下方,超过;arund在……周围;根据"n walls and cars"(墙上和汽车上)可知,此处指的是遍及整个城市的墙上和车上,故选D。
( 3)考查动词短语。句意:她剪下带有人物的照片,贴在墙上。puts ut扑灭;cuts ut剪下;turns ut结果是;wrks ut解决;根据"puts them n walls"(贴在墙上)可知,是剪下照片,然后贴在墙上,故选B。
( 4)考查介词。句意:她学习艺术,但随着时间的推移,她对她在博物馆或画廊里看到的作品感到厌烦。as随着;after在……以后;befre在……之前;while当……时;此处是固定结构as time went n"随着时间的流逝",故选A。
( 5)考查名词。句意:纽约人喜欢Swn强烈而有趣的风格。style风格;stry故事;prblem问题;prgramme节目;根据"One well-knwn street artist is images f peple and puts them n walls.Swn didn't start her career as a street artist."(一位著名的街头艺术家是Swn。她剪下带有人物的照片,贴在墙上。Swn并非一开始就以街头艺术家的身份开启她的职业生涯。)可知,Swn是街头艺术家,人们越来越喜欢Swn的艺术风格,故选A。
( 6)考查形容词。句意:他们中的一些人选择街头艺术是因为它更贴近人们的生活。safer更安全的;lwer更低的;clser更近的;better更好的;结合语境,此处是be clse t"与……贴近",是固定短语,故选C。
( 7)考查副词。句意:纽约萨克斯第五大道最近把街头艺术家的设计用于商店橱窗和购物袋。hardly几乎不;recently最近;seldm很少;almst几乎;根据"Sme artists try t express their pinins in their wrks.Advertising cmpanies als use street art in their advertisements because it gives the deep impressin and energy."(有些艺术家会将自己的观点融入到他们的作品中。而广告公司也会在广告中运用街头艺术,因为这种艺术形式能给人留下深刻的印象并传递出强烈的活力。)可知,此处指的是纽约萨克斯第五大道最近使用了街头艺术的设计,故选B。
( 8)考查名词。句意:当今世界,互联网对街头艺术的影响很大。success成功;difference不同;present礼物;influence影响;根据语境可知,此处说的是互联网对街头艺术影响很大,have a big influence n..."对……有重大影响",故选D。
( 9)考查副词。句意:然而,许多人说,在网上看照片永远比不上现场看照片。mrever此外;hwever然而;therwise否则;therefre因此;根据"Artists can shw their pictures t the audience all ver the wrld n the Internet."(艺术家们可以将他们的作品通过互联网展示给世界各地的观众。)与"say that seeing a picture n the Internet is never as gd as seeing it live."(许多人说,在网上看照片永远比不上现场看照片)可知,两句之间是相反的意思,表示转折关系,故选B。
( 10)考查名词。句意:街头艺术与大城市的活力和生活息息相关。nature自然;heat热;energy活力;calm冷静;根据语境可知,街头艺术与大城市的活力和生活息息相关,故选C。
短文主要介绍了街头艺术是一种非常受欢迎的艺术形式,它正在快速地在全世界传播。街头艺术更贴近人们的生活,它同大城市的生活和活力一起存在,并不断变化发展。
首先通读全文,了解文章大意,紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,然后明确词意,结合所学语法,运用排除法逐一选出答案,最后再通读全文核对答案。
26~28.【答案】B、C、D
【解析】( 1)细节理解题。根据第一段中Because slutins are made with water,which is made f hydrgen and xygen,the hydrgen in the water can make a slutin int an acid r a base.(因为溶液是由氢和氧组成的水制成的,水中的氢可以使溶液变成酸或碱。)可知,决定溶液是酸还是碱的是氢。故选B。
( 2)推理判断题。根据第三段中A pH greater than 7 is mre alkaline r basic.(pH值大于7表示碱性或碱性更强。)可知,pH值大于7的溶液更呈碱性,因此小苏打是更呈碱性,因为它的pH值为9。故选C。
( 3)推理判断题。根据第一段A slutin is a liquid in which smething is disslved.Think abut the difference between salt water and tap water.The salt water lks clear,but it still tastes salty because the salt is still there.Because slutins are made with water,which is made f hydrgen and xygen,the hydrgen in the water can make a slutin int an acid r a base.(溶液是一种液体,其中溶解了某种物质。想想盐水和自来水之间的区别。盐水看起来很清澈,但仍然有咸味,因为盐还在。因为溶液是由氢和氧组成的水制成的,水中的氢可以使溶液变成酸或碱。)及通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了溶液的酸碱度。与科学相关,因此这篇文章最有可能来一本自科学杂志。故选D。
本文主要讲述了溶液的酸碱度。
通读全文,理解文章大意,阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容,仔细核对,选择符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次阅读并检查。
29~31.【答案】C、B、B
【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据文中第2段:Here are the lyrics f the sng Make Yu Feel My Lve,by Bb Dylan,a rck and flk music artist,wh was awarded the 2016 Nbel Prize fr Literature(文学) n Octber 13,2016.(以下是摇滚和民谣音乐艺术家鲍勃•迪伦的歌曲《让你感受我的爱》的歌词,他于2016年10月13日获得了2016年诺贝尔文学奖。)可知,鲍勃•迪伦获得过一次诺贝尔文学奖。故选C。
(2)词义猜测题。根据文中歌词:When the rain is blwing in yur face,and the whle wrld is n yur case,I culd ffer yu a warm embrace,t make yu feel my lve.(当雨打在你脸上时,全世界都在,我可以给你一个温暖的拥抱,让你感受到我的爱。)可推知,划线部分意为"让你感到烦恼或者担心"。故选B。
(3)推理判断题。根据文中歌词:I culd ffer yu a warm embrace,t make yu feel my lve.When the evening shadws and the stars appear,and there is n ne there t dry yur tears,I culd hld yu fr a millin years,t make yu feel my lve.(我可以给你一个温暖的拥抱,让你感受到我的爱。当夜晚的阴影和星星出现时,没有人帮你擦干眼泪,我可以抱你一百万年,让你感受到我的爱。)可知,歌曲中鲍勃•迪伦主要用具体行动的例子来表达他是多么愿意为爱人做任何事。故选B。
短文通过摇滚和民谣音乐艺术家鲍勃•迪伦的歌曲《让你感受我的爱》的歌词,来介绍爱。
答阅读题时,先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络,然后在文章中找到对应的信息,再和选项作对比,得出正确答案。
32~35.【答案】B、D、C、B
【解析】( 1)细节理解题。根据第一段What belngs t nature cannt be the result f human activities and,n the ther hand,cultural develpment is achieved against nature.(属于自然的东西不可能是人类活动的结果,另一方面,文化发展是在违背自然的情况下实现的。)可知自然和文化经常被视为对立的观念,因为文化发展似乎是违背自然规律的。故选B。
( 2)段落大意题。根据第二段Educatin uses culture as a way t get us ut f ur wildest natures;it is thanks t culture that the human species culd learn t adapt (适应),prgress and raise itself abve and beynd ther species.(教育把文化作为一种让我们摆脱最狂野天性的方式;正是由于文化,人类可以学会适应、进步并超越其他物种。)可知第二段主要讲的是教育推动人类进步。故选D。
( 3)细节理解题。根据第三段Cnsider,fr example,hunting.It seems t be an adaptatin,which allwed humans t mve int new and different areas,pening up the pprtunity t change living habits.(例如,考虑打猎。这似乎是一种适应,它允许人类进入新的和不同的领域,为改变生活习惯提供了机会。)可知第三段中提到狩猎是人类适应环境的一种方式,而文化的发展与生物的发展密切相关,因此作者谈论狩猎是为了展示文化如何随着人类适应环境而发展。故选C。
( 4)词义猜测题。根据第四段The transmissin f culture seems t be directly related t what's in ur bld.Just as snails carry their shell,s d we bring alng ur culture.(文化的传播似乎和我们血液里的东西直接相关。正如蜗牛带着它们的壳,我们也带着我们的文化。)联系后句可猜测出下划线单词transmissin的意思应为:传播,故选B。
本文主要谈论了自然和文化常常被视为对立的观点,但是人类发展的研究表明,文化,无论是作为一种反对自然的努力还是自然的努力,都是人类物种发展的一部分。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意.其次,细读题材,各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
36~40.【答案】D、D、B、A、A
【解析】( 1)推理判断题。根据第八段Fur years after my father disappeared," cntinued Miss Mrstan,"I saw an advertisement in the newspaper.The date was 4th May,1882.("我父亲失踪四年后,"摩斯坦小姐继续说道,"我在报纸上看到一则广告。日期是1882年5月4日。)和倒数第五段I advertised my address in the same newspaper.The next day,I received a small cardbard bx,Inside the bx was a lvely pearl(珍珠).And I have received anther five pearls since that day.They arrive every year n the same day.(我在同一份报纸上登了我的地址广告。第二天,我收到了一个小纸板箱,里面是一颗可爱的珍珠。从那天起,我又收到了五颗珍珠。它们每年都在同一天到达。)可知,摩斯坦小姐1882年收到第一颗珍珠,每年一颗,另外收到五颗珍珠,因此应该是1887年来见福尔摩斯的。故选D。
( 2)细节理解题。根据倒数第二段But the strangest thing f all happened this mrning.That is why I came t see yu.This mrning,received a letter.(但是今天早上发生了一件最奇怪的事情。所以我才来找你。今天早上,我收到了一封信。)可知,摩斯坦小姐来见福尔摩斯,是因为她收到了一封奇怪的信。故选D。
( 3)细节理解题。根据倒数第五段I advertised my address in the same newspaper.The next day,I received a small cardbard bx,Inside the bx was a lvely pearl(珍珠).And I have received anther five pearls since that day.They arrive every year n the same day.(我在同一份报纸上登了我的地址广告。第二天,我收到了一个小纸板箱,里面是一颗可爱的珍珠。从那天起,我又收到了五颗珍珠。它们每年都在同一天到达。)和倒数第二段But the strangest thing f all happened this mrning.That is why I came t see yu.This mrning,received a letter.(但是今天早上发生了一件最奇怪的事情。所以我才来找你。今天早上,我收到了一封信。)可知,摩斯坦小姐那天早上收到信后非常惊讶。故选B。
( 4)细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Nthing at all(没有任何东西)可知,此处应该询问是"带有带珍珠的信吗?"符合题意。故选A。
( 5)细节理解题。根据第五段When I was seventeen,I received a letter frm my father.(当我十七岁的时候,我收到了父亲的一封信。)可知,摩斯坦小姐收到她父亲的一封信;根据第六段He had gne ut the night befre and nt returned.(他前一天晚上出去了,没有回来。)可知,摩斯坦上尉消失了;根据第八段I saw an advertisement in the newspaper.(我在报纸上看到一则广告。)可知,摩斯坦小姐看到了一则广告;根据倒数第五段The next day,I received a small cardbard bx,Inside the bx was a lvely pearl(珍珠).And I have received anther five pearls since that day.They arrive every year n the same day.(第二天,我收到了一个小纸板箱,里面是一颗可爱的珍珠。从那天起,我又收到了五颗珍珠。它们每年都在同一天到达。)可知,摩斯坦小姐收到了一些珍珠;根据倒数第二段But the strangest thing f all happened this mrning.That is why I came t see yu.(但是今天早上发生了一件最奇怪的事情。所以我才来找你。)可知,摩斯坦小姐来看福尔摩斯,因此选c-e-a-d-b。故选A。
本文主要讲述了摩斯坦小姐在17岁时收到父亲写的信,但是没有见到他。后来在广告上看到有询问自己地址的信息,于是把自己的地址刊登在广告上,到后来收到珍珠,直到收到信的故事。
在通读全文的基础上,根据全文大意,展开逻辑思维,瞻前顾后,认真辨析选项,仔细推敲,确定最佳答案。
41.【答案】【小题1】health
【小题2】lnger
【小题3】better
【小题4】lnely
【小题5】like
【小题6】achieve
【小题7】valuable
【小题8】describe
【小题9】spirits
【小题10】Please wrk harder t have a happier and healthier life.
【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句All these cme dwn t ne pint Wrk is helpful t health.(所有这些都归结为一点:工作有益于健康。)及通读全文可知,文章主要讨论工作对健康的影响。因此本文标题是工作和健康。Wrk and health工作和健康。故填health。
(2)细节理解题。根据第一段首句Scientists find that hard-wrking peple live lnger than average men and wmen.(科学家发现,勤奋的人比普通男性和女性寿命更长。)可知,如果你努力工作,你会比普通人有更长的生命。lnger life更长的生命。故填lnger。
(3)细节理解题。根据第一段中Evidence shws that the jbless are in prer health than the jb-hlders.(有证据表明,失业者的健康状况比在职者差。)可知,工作的人比失业的人健康状况更好。better health更好的健康。故填better。
(4)细节理解题。根据第二段中It is because wrk keeps peple busy away frm lneliness.(这是因为工作让人们忙碌,远离孤独。)可知,工作的人很少感到孤独。feel lnely感到孤独。故填lnely。
(5)细节理解题。根据第二段中Wrk serves as a bridge between man and reality.(工作是人与现实之间的桥梁。)可知,文章提到工作就像人与现实之间的桥梁。工作就像人与现实之间的桥梁。like a bridge像一座桥梁。故填like。
(6)细节理解题。根据第二段中Many high achievers wh lve their careers feel that they are the happiest when they are wrking hard.(许多热爱自己事业的高成就者觉得,当他们努力工作时,他们是最幸福的。)可知,人们通过工作完成或实现某些事情时会感到很棒。fulfill r achieve完成或实现。故填achieve。
(7)细节理解题。根据第二段中Many high achievers wh lve their careers feel that they are the happiest when they are wrking hard.(许多热爱自己事业的高成就者觉得,当他们努力工作时,他们是最幸福的。)可知,工作让人们认为自己在社会中是有价值和重要的。feel valuable感到有价值。故填valuable。
(8)细节理解题。根据第二段中Many high achievers wh lve their careers feel that they are the happiest when they are wrking hard.(许多热爱自己事业的高成就者觉得,当他们努力工作时,他们是最幸福的。)可知,人们无法用言语描述他们的快乐。describe happiness描述快乐。故填describe。
(9)细节理解题。根据第三段中The lss f wrk means the lss f everything.It influences man spiritually and makes him becme ill mre easily.(失去工作意味着失去一切。它在精神上影响着人,使人更容易生病。)可知,失去工作对人的精神有影响。influence n spirits对精神的影响。故填spirits。
(10)主观表达题。根据最后一段 Frm the abve we can cme t the cnclusin that the mre yu wrk,the happier and healthier yu will be.Let us wrk hard,study well and live a happy and healthy life.(综上所述,我们可以得出结论,你工作得越多,你就会越快乐、越健康。让我们努力工作,好好学习,过上幸福健康的生活。)可知,请更加努力地工作,过上更幸福、更健康的生活。故填Please wrk harder t have a happier and healthier life.
文章主要讨论工作对健康的影响。
这是个任务型阅读题,主要考查学生的阅读理解能力及知识运用能力。答题时细节理解题可直接根据文中细节得出答案。
42.【答案】【小题1】
cncert
【小题2】
such as
【小题3】
has a gift fr
【小题4】
affrd
【小题5】
d husewrk
【解析】( 1)根据下文A cncert?What kind f cncert is it?(音乐会?这是一场什么样的音乐会?)可知,此处是说" 我要去听音乐会。"符合题意,应填,故填cncert。
( 2)根据下文Tan Dun,a wrld-famus cmpser.(Tan Dun,一位世界著名的作曲家。)可知,此处是举例子,应填such as(比如),故填such as。
( 3)根据空后making music(做音乐)可知,此处应说" 他有音乐天赋。" 符合题意,应填has a gift fr(有天赋),故填has a gift fr。
( 4)根据上文Oh,it's t expensive.(哦,太贵了。)可知,此处应说" 我买不起。" 符合题意,结合空前 can't,应填动词原形affrd(买得起),故填affrd。
( 5)根据上文I dn't have s much mney,either.I plan t help my get mre pcket mney.(我也没有那么多钱。我打算帮父母……,以赚更多的零花钱。)可知,此处应说 " 我打算帮父母做家务,以赚更多的零花钱。"符合题意,help sb.d sth.帮助某人做某事;应填d husewrk(做家务),故填d husewrk。
这是一则有关周末活动的对话。
本题考查补全对话,根据上下文语境推测填出合适的问题和答语,注意汉语意思以及一些常用问题的回答术语。
43.【答案】【小题1】
imple
【小题2】
ntil
【小题3】
hat
【小题4】
enses
【小题5】
ar
【小题6】
red
【小题7】
ifferent
【小题8】
hrugh
【小题9】
ew
【小题10】
eel
【解析】(1)考查形容词。句意:我们周围到处都是机器人,有些机器人做驾驶飞机和开火车这类非常复杂的工作,还有一些机器人做简单的工作。根据前半句"Sme d very cmplicated jbs like flying airplanes and driving trains(有些机器人做驾驶飞机和开火车这类非常复杂的工作)"可知,此处需要与cmplicated(复杂的)形成对比的形容词,故填simple。
(2)考查连词。句意:当自动洗衣机被启动时,水会注入机器,机器会一直等到水变热才开始洗衣服。根据语境,此处表达"直到……才……"的逻辑关系,故填until。
(3)考查疑问代词。句意:它通过"反馈"来完成这一过程,关于正在发生的情况的信息会被"反馈"给机器人,告诉它接下来要做什么。此处引导宾语从句,作动词d的宾语,表示"做什么",故填what。
(4)考查名词复数。句意:我们的眼睛、耳朵和其他感官就是我们的反馈,它们会告诉我们周围正在发生什么事。根据前文"Our eyes,ears(我们的眼睛、耳朵)"可知,这些都属于感官,且ther后接复数名词,故填senses。
(5)考查副词。句意:我们身边到处都是让我们的生活更轻松的机器人,其中一些比如袖珍计算器,工作起来比人类快得多。此处需要副词修饰比较级mre quickly(更快地),表示程度,故填far。
(6)考查形容词。句意:在某些方面,机器人比人类更优秀,它们工作效率高,而且不会出错,它们不会因为重复做同一份工作而感到厌烦,也永远不会疲惫。根据固定搭配get bred with(对……感到厌烦)可知,此处填bred。
(7)考查形容词。句意:机器人在工厂里非常有用,它们可以被教会做许多不同的工作。根据后文"Then it is taught hw t d its new task(然后它会被教导如何完成新任务)"可知,此处指多种不同的工作,故填different。
(8)考查介词。句意:首先,必须通过示范让它们的电子大脑了解工作要如何完成,一个人会移动机器人的"手臂"和"手",完成工作的每一个步骤,机器人的大脑会记住每一个动作。根据语境,此处表示"贯穿、完成"工作的每一个环节,故填thrugh。
(9)考查形容词。句意:当机器人需要做一项新的工作时,它的电子记忆会被"清空",然后它会被教导如何完成新任务。根据后文"its new task(它的新任务)"可知,此处指新的工作,故填new。
(10)考查动词。句意:最"智能"的机器人可以移动和观察,它们的眼睛是摄像头,金属手指可以感知形状,甚至能分辨物体的冷热程度。根据语境,此处表示"感知、触摸"物体的形状,故填feel。
本文介绍了机器人的工作原理、特点、优势以及在生活和工厂中的应用,说明了机器人通过反馈机制与人类有相似之处,且在效率、稳定性等方面表现突出,能为人类生活和工作提供便利。
通读全文,理解文章大意,紧密结合上下文语境判断句意,再根据相关知识点写出词语的正确形式,完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
44.【答案】【小题1】
relatinship
【小题2】
create
【小题3】
attentin
【小题4】
think
【小题5】
decisin
【解析】(1)考查名词。句意:你知道颜色和情绪之间的关系吗?根据所给汉语提示可知,此处使用名词relatinship。故填relatinship。
(2)考查动词。句意:例如,蓝色可以创造一种平静的感觉。根据所给汉语提示可知,空处要填一个动词。create创造,动词。情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填create。
(3)考查名词。句意:红色是一种吸引注意力的颜色。根据所给汉语提示可知,attentin注意力,不可数名词。故填attentin。
(4)考查动词。句意:人们认为它是最温暖的颜色,让人感到热情。根据所给汉语提示可知,think认为,动词。句子是一般现在时,主语Peple是复数,谓语动词用原形。故填think。
(5)考查名词。句意:红色也可以帮助你做决定。根据所给汉语提示可知,decisin决定,名词。空前有不定冠词a,因此空处需填名词单数。故填decisin。
本文主要讲述了颜色和心情之间的关系。
本篇单词填空给出了汉语,相对来说简单很多,主要注意词性时态单复数等的转化。
45.【答案】【小题1】
was frmed
【小题2】
including
【小题3】
them
【小题4】
knwn
【小题5】
singing
【解析】(1)考查动词。句意:它形成于18世纪后期并在19世纪中叶完全发展成熟。根据"in the late 18th century(在18世纪后期)"可知用一般过去时,主语It和动词frm是被动关系,用被动语态,一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词,主语It是第三人称单数,be动词用was,frm的过去分词是frmed。故填was frmed。
(2)考查介词。句意:原因是它展示了丰富的中国文化,包括精彩的故事、绘画和服装。include 包括,动词;including 包括,介词;"wnderful stries,paintings and clthes(精彩的故事、绘画和服装)"是"rich Chinese culture(丰富的中国文化)"的组成部分,因此用including。故填including。
(3)考查代词。句意:他们每个人都有自己的衣服和脸部彩绘。they他们,主格,做主语;f是介词,后面的代词应是宾格,they的宾格是them。故填them。
(4)考查动词。句意:例如,年轻的男性角色被称为小生。knw知道,动词;be knwn as被称为;be动词are已给出。故填knwn。
(5)考查动名词。句意:京剧通过带有不同动作的歌唱来讲故事。sing唱歌,动词;by ding sth.通过做某事,by是介词,后面的动词应是动名词,sing的动名词是singing。故填singing。
本文介绍了京剧。它是中国的国粹之一。京剧很受欢迎是因为它展示了丰富的中国文化。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境,运用语法和词汇知识,反复推敲以求得解答。充分考虑到上下文具体语境,需要考生弄懂上下文的语境。
46.【答案】Dear Carl,
I'm glad t knw that yu are ging t pay a visit t China this summer hliday.
China is a cuntry with a lng histry and rich culture.I'd like t intrduce Beijing Opera t yu.It's a traditinal Chinese art with a histry f ver 200 years,cmbining singing,dancing and acting.
As fr the city t visit,Beijing is the best chice.It's the capital f China,where yu can visit the Great Wall,the Frbidden City and many ther places f interest.Yu can als taste delicius lcal fd like Beijing Rast Duck.
I'm lking frward t yur arrival.
All the best, Li Hua
【解析】Dear Carl,
I'm glad t knw that yu are ging t pay a visit t China this summer hliday.
China is a cuntry with a lng histry and rich culture. 【高分句型一】I'd like t intrduce Beijing Opera t yu.It's a traditinal Chinese art with a histry f ver 200 years,cmbining singing,dancing and acting.(基本情况)
As fr the city t visit,Beijing is the best chice.(值得参观的城市)It's the capital f China,where yu can visit the Great Wall,the Frbidden City and many ther places f interest. 【高分句型二】(理由)Yu can als taste delicius lcal fd like Beijing Rast Duck.(传统美食)
I'm lking frward t yur arrival.
All the best, Li Hua
【高分句型一】
China is a cuntry with a lng histry and rich culture.
中国是一个有着悠久历史和丰富文化的国家。and表并列。
【高分句型二】
It's the capital f China,where yu can visit the Great Wall,the Frbidden City and many ther places f interest.
它是中国的首都,你可以参观长城、故宫以及许多其他名胜古迹。where引导的定语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达,能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等,清楚连贯地表达自己的思想,进而完成写作任务。Results f a study
●If yu wrk hard,yu will have a (2) life than average peple.
●Peple wh wrk are in (3) health than the jbless.
Advantages f wrking
●Busy peple seldm feel (4) .
●Wrk is just (5) a bridge between man and reality.
●Peple feel wnderful if they fulfill r (6) smething by wrk.
●Wrk makes peple think they are (7) and imprtant in sciety.They cannt use wrds t (8) their happiness.
Disadvantages f lsing wrk
●The lss f wrk has an influence n peple's (9) and makes them becme ill easily.
Yur pinin
Accrding t the passage,what can we students d t imprve ur health and why?(n mre than 20 wrds)
(10)
has a gift fr,affrd,such as,d husewrk cncert,is curius abut
T:[email protected]
Frm:[email protected]
Subject:Chinese culture
Dear Li Hue,
Hw are yu?I hpe yu are fine.As a fan f Chinese culture,I'm thinking abut visiting China this summer hliday.Wuld yu please tell me smething abut China?Culd yu intrduce a kind f traditinal Chinese thing?Which city is wrth visiting and why?
Best wishes,
Carl
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