2024北京育才学校高二（下）期中英语（教师版）试卷

这是一份2024北京育才学校高二（下）期中英语（教师版）试卷，共20页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时间90分钟。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 完形填空 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Sleepy-eyed, I arrived in Jrdan just befre midnight: Picking up the rental car, the agent mumbled (咕哝) smething abut a gas statin. Trying t stay ___1___, I really didn’t pay attentin.
The next mrning, I headed the desert castle excitedly. While driving, I nticed that there wasn’t a fuel gauge (指示器) n the dashbard. That was ___2___, but I didn’t think twice abut it. I had just gt the rental s there wuld be plenty f fuel.
After passing numerus gas statins, I was finally in the pen desert. Cmplete ___3___. And that’s when my car suddenly came t a stp.
What? In the middle f nwhere, I stared at the engine with n idea what t d. ___4___ seized me.
Within 10 minutes, a Jrdanian ___5___. He didn’t speak English and my Arabic was limited. After ___6___ my car, he tld me thrugh hand gestures that I was ut f gas. Wh knew that rental cars didn’t cme with a full tank f gas there?!
The man ___7___ me t get in his car and drve t the nearest gas statin t get extra petrl. We then gt back t my car t put the gas in.
When I pulled ut my wallet t pay him, he refused. My thanks, a smile, and ne pht tgether were all he wanted. Befre we fully ___8___, he even fllwed me a bit t ensure that I was safely n my way even thugh it was nt getting late.
Tday, whenever I think f Jrdan, this memry ___9___ cmes t mind, and my heart swells with gratitude. It is the stranger wh saved my trip and reminded me f the imprtance f ____10____.
1. A. humbleB. awakeC. silentD. calm
2. A. unluckyB. unsafeC. ddD. flish
3. A. islatinB. damageC. chasD. darkness
4. A. AngerB. CurisityC. FascinatinD. Panic
5. A. turned verB. pulled verC. passed verD. tk ver
6. A. examiningB. repairingC. stppingD. mving
7. A. requiredB. encuragedC. preparedD. signaled
8. A. talkedB. partedC. engagedD. understd
9. A. hesitantlyB. graduallyC. instantlyD. randmly
10. A. gratefulnessB. cautiusnessC. kindnessD. psitiveness
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Cmets are amng the mst beautiful and interesting ___11___(sight) in the universe. Fr centuries, peple ___12___(shw) great interest in studying them. In 1682, Edmund Halley, an astrnmer, nticed a cmet that was especially bright and large. Based n his calculatins, Halley predicted that this bright cmet wuld return in 1758 r 1759—this was abut 75 years ___13___ he first saw the cmet. The cmet really returned n time and it was named “Halley’s Cmet” in hnr f Edmund Halley.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Emma was n her way hme when she heard a sudden scream. Lking arund, she saw a little by n the sidewalk gasping(急喘) fr air, his ___14___(frighten) mther begging fr help. Emma rushed t the by, ___15___ face had turned purple. “What’s wrng?” “A candy! In his thrat!” It was lucky that Emma had learned hw ___16___(perfrm) the Heimlich maneuver(海姆利克急救法) at schl. She acted quickly. Sn, the by cughed up a piece f candy and began breathing again. He ___17___(save) in time.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In Japan, the wrd bnsai means tray plant. It refers t the interesting ___18___(cmbine) f art and the planting and grwing f miniature trees and plants. Bnsai riginated in China mre than 2,000 years ag and ___19___(spread) t Japan abut 700 years ag. Sme peple believe that nly small plants must be used in bnsai, but this is nt true. Nearly any type f tree r plant can be used, as lng as it is grwn ___20___ a seed r a small cutting.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节 （共14小题;每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Our teen petry wrkshps at Pets Huse are pprtunities fr writers in high schl t create and explre petry in ne f the largest petry libraries in the cuntry. Yung pets are given a chance t dig int the art and craft f petry in a fun, creative and inspiring envirnment.
Jin Dave Jhnsn Wrkshp
Jin Dave Jhnsn Wrkshp t write daily new pems in nly 10 minutes. Click the banner fr tw series f vide petry wrkshps where pet, playwright and educatr Dave Jhnsn chses a pet each day, and takes us thrugh a clse reading f their wrk. He gives us an instructin based n their wrk, then a shrt bigraphy and reads an additinal pem. These wrkshps are fun and surprising, fr teens thrugh adults, free.
The Thmpsn Fundatin Initiative
The highlight f ur teen petry wrkshp prgram is the Thmpsn Fundatin Initiative, thrugh which nted pets visit high schl classrms fllwed by free fllw-up class visits t Pets Huse. Recent teachers have included Dave Jhnsn, Jive Petic, and Mahgany Brwne. This initiative is meant t increase access t petic educatin fr under served schls and students by cmbining hands-n instructin frm established pets with n-site visits t ur extensive library. Students engage with petry thrugh reading, writing, and art prjects that integrate the visual and linguistic.
If yu are a teacher interested in this prgram, please reach ut t Reggie Harris t arrange sessins fr yur class. Free class trips fr all age levels are als available utside f this prgram.
Intensive Wrkshps fr Teens
Advanced, individualized study is available peridically fr students wh want t cntinue writing petry, thrugh either ur day-lng r week-lng intensive wrkshps.
·One-day wrkshps: Participatin is free. All interested teens are encuraged t sign up.
·Week-lng wrkshps: Participants are determined thrugh an applicatin prcess and an external judge; all interested high schl students are encuraged t apply. Financial aid is available.
21. Teens can get t knw ne pet n a daily basis in _______.
A. Dave Jhnsn Wrkshp
B. the Thmpsn Fundatin Initiative
C. Jive Petic Wrkshp
D. Intensive Wrkshps fr Teens
22. In the Thmpsn Fundatin Initiative, students can _______.
A. cntact Reggie Harris t attend class trips
B. visit Pets Huse with Mahgany Brwne
C. wrk ne-n-ne with established pets
D. learn and enjy petry in diverse ways
23. What d the wrkshps in the passage have in cmmn?
A. They are free f charge.
B.They are fr all age grups.
C. They ffer chances t write pems.
D. They have famus pets as teachers.
B
Ndles can turn frm white t purple t pink with the aid f red cabbage and lemn juice; a chclatey “liquid” can be rlled like a slid. These are just a few f the edible (可食的) treats in The Kitchen Science Ckbk that kids can make frm everyday kitchen ingredients. The bk has nn-edible experiments, t—vlcanes that erupt with lava made frm baking sda and vinegar—and mst recipes cst less than a dllar, says the bk’s creatr, a nantechnlgist (纳米专家) and science cmmunicatr, Michelle Dickinsn, knwn as Nangirl.
Dickinsn was inspired by a mther wh tld her she’d failed in science at schl but wanted t develp a lve f science in her wn daughter. “Then the mther ffered me a cake she’d made at hme as a gift. I tld her, ‘Yu d use science—yu baked this cake!’ and she replied, ‘N, that’s baking, very different frm science.’ I said, ‘Well, what happens if it desn’t rise enugh? Yu use mre baking sda and then turn the ven up higher...’ There was a real discnnectin between what the mther was ding and the wrd ‘science’.”
S Dickinsn spent three years using her kitchen as a lab, cming up with 300 experiments. She put a call-ut nline fr recipe testers, “thinking I’d get abut five f my friends with kids respnding, but in 24 hurs we had 2,000 applicants frm 24 cuntries!”
In 2012, she was asked by TEDx t give a lecture n nantechnlgy, where she presented herself as Nangirl—a cnfident, smart, amazing superher n stage. In last year’s six-week natinwide tur, Nangirl perfrmed science stunts (特技表演) t thusands f kids, and trained 200 teachers in hw t integrate science in the classrm.
Dickinsn has gt thusands f vides psted by children wh’ve attempted the experiments she encurages them t try at hme. “Then we have kids building all srts f weird and wnderful things.”
Nw Nangirl has gne glbal, with lcal versins surfacing in five cuntries and in fur languages.
Dickinsn self-published The Kitchen Science Ckbk as part f a pay-it-frward prgram, where fr every bk sld, a bk will be dnated t a library, schl r cmmunity rganizatin. A Kickstarter fund helped pay fr the printing. “I’m s grateful peple believed in us.”
24. Dickinsn became a science cmmunicatr because ______.
A. her mther develped a lve f science in her
B. she gt inspired by her cake-baking experience
C. she nticed peple were unaware f science in life
D. her kitchen experiments went ppular n scial media
25. What impact has Dickinsn made?
A. 200 teachers have jined her t becme nangirls.
B. Nangirls emerge fllwing in her steps wrldwide.
C. A few schls and libraries have been funded by her.
D. Many kids are encuraged t dnate bks t schls.
26. Accrding t the passage, Dickinsn is ______.
A. passinate and inspiringB. creative and humrus
C. cperative and generusD. curageus and grateful
C
Human speech cntains mre than 2,000 different sunds, frm the cmmn “m” and “a” t the rare clicks f sme suthern African languages. But why are certain sunds mre cmmn than thers? A grund-breaking, five-year study shws that diet-related changes in human bite led t new speech sunds that are nw fund in half the wrld’s languages.
Mre than 30 years ag, the schlar Charles Hckett nted that speech sunds called labidentals, such as “f” and “v”, were mre cmmn in the languages f scieties that ate sfter fds. Nw a team f researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University f Zurich, Switzerland, has fund hw and why this trend arse.
They discvered that the upper and lwer frnt teeth f ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard t prduce labidentals, which are frmed by tuching the lwer lip t the upper teeth. Later, ur jaws changed t an verbite structure (结构), making it easier t prduce such sunds.
The team shwed that this change in bite was cnnected with the develpment f agriculture in the Nelithic perid. Fd became easier t chew at this pint. The jawbne didn’t have t d as much wrk and s didn’t grw t be s large.
Analyses f a language database als cnfirmed that there was a glbal change in the sund f wrld languages after the Nelithic age, with the use f “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thusand years. These sunds are still nt fund in the languages f many hunter-gatherer peple tday.
This research verturns the ppular view that all human speech sunds were present when human beings evlved arund 300,000 years ag. “The set f speech sunds we use has nt necessarily remained stable since the appearance f human beings, but rather the huge variety f speech sunds that we find tday is the prduct f a cmplex interplay f things like bilgical change and cultural evlutin,” said Steven Mran, a member f the research team.
27. Which aspect f the human speech sund des Damián Blasi’s research fcus n?
A. Its variety.B. Its distributin.C. Its quantity.D. Its develpment.
28. Why was it difficult fr ancient human adults t prduce labidentals?
A. They had fewer upper teeth than lwer teeth.
B.They culd nt pen and clse their lips easily.
C. Their jaws were nt cnveniently structured.
D. Their lwer frnt teeth were nt large enugh.
29. What is paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A. Supprting evidence fr the research results.
B. Ptential applicatin f the research findings.
C. A further explanatin f the research methds.
D. A reasnable dubt abut the research prcess.
30. What des Steven Mran say abut the set f human speech sunds?
A. It is key t effective cmmunicatin.B. It cntributes much t cultural diversity.
C. It is a cmplex and dynamic system.D. It drives the evlutin f human beings.
D
Technlgy has changed the ways in which we cmmunicate with each ther. Fr many peple, the primary frm f cmmunicating these days is via instant messaging. When yu run ut f space r ideas, yu just hit the send buttn r turn it ff. There are n silences between the wrds, literally r figuratively (比喻地).
In real life, getting alng with anther persn takes effrt and energy. There are mments when neither persn has anything t say. Silence can feel awkward. S t, emtins can arise in real life that are difficult. There are mments when things can get painful with anther persn. Misunderstandings happen, hard truths are revealed, and feelings can get hurt.
A trend has started t pp up. When difficulty r cnflict arises within a relatinship, we are simply drpping ut f it rather than facing the issue. I hear f this mre ften in my practice and ntice it mre in my wn life. We cme and g, in and ut f each ther’s lives with remarkable ease, as if relatinships are nt really wrth investing in r wrking fr any lnger. It makes me wnder if we are simply lsing the ability t deal with the messy and uncmfrtable parts f life. The result is that we are left with a lt f relatinships but nt much in the way f nurishing relatinships. We have it easy, but we dn’t have it real.
When we run int cnflict with thers, the reasn we are willing t address the cnflict is that we want the relatinship and we care abut it. Discmfrt, awkwardness and challenges are an unavidable part f being in a relatinship with thers. We have t remind urselves that we can wade (涉水) thrugh that messy river t get t the ther side where the relatinship can be restred. In psychlgy, we call this prcess repair. And the relatinship that is frmed after dealing with the cnflict tgether is actually strnger than if the cnflict had nt happened.
We will never end up anywhere deeply satisfying by aviding challenges. Each mment that we are willing t be uncmfrtable in a relatinship, t live in and thrugh the messiness, is a drp f gld in the relatinship itself. The investment in the hard stuff is finally what makes the relatinship wrth investing in. The willingness t be uncmfrtable with smething and the value f that smething are part f the same circle.
31. What can be inferred frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. Technlgy has brught peple clser.
B. True friends are nt embarrassed by silence.
C. Online cmmunicatin creates a lt f misunderstandings.
D. Mre challenges arise in real-life interpersnal relatinships.
32. What is the authr’s attitude twards the trend mentined in Paragraph 3?
A. Negative.B. Psitive.
C. Reserved.D. Unclear.
33. What des the authr suggest peple d?
A. Step back and avid cnflict.
B. Pay mre attentin t themselves.
C. Try t fix the relatinship.
D. Learn t identify unhealthy relatinships.
34. What is the main purpse f the text?
A. T describe a grwing trend.
B. T stress the imprtance f handling cnflict.
C. T guide peple int meaningful relatinships.
D. T shw the influence f the Internet n relatinships.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Digital Medicine
Culd the next suggestin frm yur dctr be dwnlading an app? Cllectively knwn as digital medicine, a large number f apps in use r under develpment can nw detect r mnitr mental and physical disrders r directly administer therapies. ___35___
Many detectin aids rely n mbile devices t recrd such features as users’ vices, lcatins, facial expressins, exercise and sleep; then they apply artificial intelligence t mark the pssible change f a cnditin. Sme smart watches, fr instance, cntain a sensr that autmatically detects and warns peple f a dangerus heart rate. ___36___ These wearable detectin aids will nt replace a dctr any time sn but can be helpful partners in stressing cncerns that need fllw-up. ___37___ Sme are being develped t detect things such as cancerus DNA, stmach bleeds, bdy temperature and xygen levels. The sensrs inside yur bdy can then send the data t apps fr recrding.
___38___ Fr the mst part, thse intended t diagnse r treat disrders must be prved safe and effective in clinical trials and earn regulatry apprval; sme may need a dctr’s permissin.
Clearly, sciety must mve int the future f digital medicine with care — ensuring that the apps g thrugh strict testing, prtect privacy and g smthly int dctrs’ wrk. With such prtectins in place, healthcare csts culd be saved by marking unhealthy behaviurs and helping peple t make changes befre diseases set in. ___39___ Fr researchers, the patterns that emerge will prvide them with nvel ideas fr hw best t build healthier habits and prevent diseases.
A. Fr dctrs, applying AI t the data frm these apps culd help them persnalize patient care.
B. These data als help dctrs detect diseases and help patients change their behavirs.
C. Other similar tls can detect breathing disrders, depressin and ther cnditins.
D. They can bth help diagnse symptms and enhance traditinal medical care.
E. Detectin aids can als take the frm f eatable and sensr-bearing pills.
F. Digital medicine has been widely used in all aspects f life nwadays.
G. Nt all healthcare apps can be used as digital medicine.
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节:阅读表达（共4小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
It is n secret that literary wrks, like many ther pieces f art, are capable f making an emtinal impact n their audience. One can say it is the ability t influence the reader’s md that makes a stry gd and memrable.
A writer can shw the ptimistic nature f a fictinal character in a variety f ways. Creating a cntrast between the main character’s persnality and external reality is amng the mst emtinally efficient means. Therefre, there is usually a juxtapsitin between the imagined wuld f a bk and readers’ wrld arund them.
At times when the wrld is “all ver the place” and causes severe stress fr peple, having the chance t immerse (使沉浸) neself in t the fictinal wrld and spend sme time with the characters f the stry can be a relief. Fr example, during the peaks f the pandemic when the news media was reprting high numbers f infected patients as well as spiking ICU rates, mre and mre peple wanted t shelter themselves frm the reality and take a break frm it. While escaping the wrld arund us is nt realistic fr a lng time, having an pprtunity t escape just fr sme time is a luxury that literature can ffer.
There are a large number f bks that ffer the safe escape int a fictinal wrld and teach their readers that there are t unslvable prblems. The adventures thrugh which the reader ges tgether with bk characters ften prvide teachable lessns and underline the imprtance f remaining ptimistic. As mentined by Mntgmery in Anne f Green Gables, “Tmrrw is always fresh, with n mistakes in it yet.” It illustrates that the characters f the bk have made sme mistakes and have harvested the cnsequences f them, but the next day is a new page with new pprtunities.
40. What is ne f the mst emtinally efficient means in literature?
_________________________________________________________________
41. Hw can peple get a relief when suffering frm stress?
_________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
The adventures in literature help readers find slutins t prblems and realize the imprtance f ptimism.
_________________________________________________________________
43. Apart frm ptimism, what ther benefit(s) have yu gt frm literature? Why? (In abut 40 wrds)
_________________________________________________________________
第二节：书面表达 （20分）
44. 假设你是李华，在一所国际学校就读，学校的官方微信公众号(WeChat fficial accunt)计划招募一名英语编辑，你对此很感兴趣。请你写一封应聘信，内容包括：
1.写信的目的；
2.申请此职位的原因；
3.你的应聘优势；
4.你的期盼。
注意：1.词数不少于60；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
参考答案
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 完形填空 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了作者在约旦租车旅行时遇到的困境。作者没有注意到租车时没有加满油，结果在沙漠中汽车突然熄火。一位陌生人帮助作者去加油，并确保作者安全上路。这个经历让作者深刻体会到陌生人的善意和友善的重要性。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我睡眼惺忪地在午夜前抵达约旦：拿起租来的车，代理人咕哝着什么加油站的事。努力保持清醒，我真的没有注意。A. humble谦卑的；B. awake醒着的；C. silent沉默的；D. calm冷静的。根据后文前文“Sleepy-eyed”以及后文的“I really didn’t pay attentin.”可知，坐着睡眼惺忪，努力保持清醒，对于加油的事情没有注意。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很奇怪，但我没有多想。我刚租了车，所以会有很多燃料。A. unlucky不幸运的；B. unsafe不安全的；C. dd奇怪的；D. flish愚蠢的。根据前文“While driving, I nticed that there wasn’t a fuel gauge (指示器) n the dashbard.”可知，本句中的“that”指代的是此处的事实即开车的时候，作者注意到仪表盘上没有燃油表。这个情况很奇怪。故选C。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：完全与世隔绝。A. islatin隔离，孤立；B. damage损坏；C. chas混乱；D. darkness黑暗。根据前文“After passing numerus gas statins, I was. finally in the pen desert.”可知，经过无数的加油站后，作者终于来到了开阔的沙漠即作者完全处于沙漠中，与外界隔离开来。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在荒无人烟的地方，我盯着引擎，不知道该怎么办。我感到极度恐慌。A. Anger愤怒；B. Curisity好奇心；C. Fascinatin着迷；D. Panic恐慌。根据“And that’s when my car suddenly came t a stp.”以及“In the middle f nwhere, I stared at the engine with n idea what t d.”可知，在荒无人烟的沙漠中，作者的车突然停下来，作者不知所措，故作者感到非常恐慌。故选D。
【5题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：不到10分钟，一名约旦人停了下来。 A. turned ver翻转；B. pulled ver靠边停车；C. passed ver跳过，忽略；D. tk ver接管。根据后文“After ___6___ my car, he tld me thrugh hand gestures that I was ut f gas.”可知，有一名约旦人不到10分钟靠边停车来帮助作者。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他检查完我的车后，用手势告诉我，我的车没油了。A. examining检查；B. repairing修理；C. stpping停止；D. mving移动。根据后文“he tld me thrugh hand gestures that I was ut f gas”可知，他在检查之后才能告诉作者车没油了。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那人示意我上他的车，然后开到最近的加油站去加油。A. required要求；B. encuraged鼓励；C. prepared准备；D. signaled示意。根据前文“He didn’t speak English and my Arabic was limited.”以及“he tld me thrugh hand gestures that I was ut f gas.”可知，他不会说英语，作者的阿拉伯语也很有限，因此作者和他的交流都是通过手势，由此该约旦人示意作者上他的车。故选D。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们完全分开之前，他甚至跟了我一会儿，以确保我在路上安全，尽管时间还不晚。A. talked谈话；B. parted分离；C. engaged从事；D. understd明白。根据后文“that I was safely n my way even thugh it was nt getting late”可知，该约旦人在和作者分离之前，跟了作者一会儿，以确保作者在路上安全。故选B。
【9题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：今天，每当我想到约旦，这段记忆就会立即浮现在脑海中，我的心中充满了感激之情。A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. instantly立即地；D. randmly随机地。根据第一段中“I arrived in Jrdan just befre midnight”可知，作者当时是在约旦旅行，故每当作者想到约旦，这段记忆就会立即浮现在脑海中。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：是这个陌生人拯救了我的旅程，并提醒了我善良的重要性。A. gratefulness感激；B. cautiusness小心；C. kindness善良；D. psitiveness积极。根据前文“the stranger wh saved my trip”可知，作者在约旦旅游的时候，是一个陌生人帮助了作者，由此提醒了作者善良的重要性。故选C。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
【答案】11. sights
12. have shwn/have been shwing
13. after
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了哈雷彗星命名的由来。
【11题详解】
考查可数名词的数。句意：彗星是宇宙中最美丽、最有趣的景观之一。根据前文“amng the mst beautiful and interesting”可知，此处指众多有趣景观之一，所以空处名词需用复数。故填sights。
【12题详解】
考查时态。句意：几个世纪以来，人们对研究它们表现出极大的兴趣。根据时间状语 Fr centuries可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态或现在完成进行时态，表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在将会继续下去，主语是复数 peple，所以助动词需用have。故填have shwn/have been shwing。
【13题详解】
考查连词。句意：根据他的计算，哈雷预测这颗明亮的彗星将在1758年或1759年回归——这距离他第一次看到这颗彗星大约75年。根据前一句“ In 1682, Edmund Halley, an astrnmer, nticed a cmet that was especially bright and large. (1682年，天文学家埃德蒙·哈雷注意到一颗特别明亮和巨大的彗星。)”可知，哈雷第一次看到那颗彗星是1682年，再次看到可能是1758年或1759年，此处表示75年后，所以需用连词after。故填after。
【答案】14. frightened
15. whse 16. t perfrm
17. was saved
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Emma在回家路上，救助被糖果卡住喉咙的小男孩的故事。
【14题详解】
考查形容词。句意：环顾四周，她看到一个小男孩在人行道上喘着气，他惊恐的母亲请求帮助。空处需用形容词作定语，修饰名词 mther，因为修饰空后指人的名词mther，所以空处需用ed形容词frightened“惊恐的”。故填frightened。
【15题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Emma奔向男孩，男孩的脸已经变紫了。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是by，指人，关系词在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词face，表示所属关系，意为“……的”，所以空处需用关系代词whse引导非限制性定语从句。故填whse。
【16题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：幸运的是，Emma在学校学会了如何使用海姆利克急救法。分析句子结构可知，空处需用疑问词hw接动词不定式作动词learned的宾语。故填t perfrm。
【17题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：他及时得救了。根据前一句谓语动词began 可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情，因为小男孩是被Emma救，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were dne，主语是第三人称单数he，所以空处be动词需用was。故填was saved。
【答案】18. cmbinatin
19. spread/was spread
20. frm
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了盆景的历史。
【18题详解】
考查名词。句意：它指的是艺术与微型树木和植物的种植和生长的有趣结合。形容词interesting作定语修饰名词，所以空处需用名词，作refer t的宾语；cmbine的名词为cmbinatin“结合”，是不可数名词。故填cmbinatin。
【19题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：盆景起源于2000多年前的中国，约700年前传到日本。由时间状语abut 700 years ag可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，因为可以表示被动，所以此处谓语动词也可以使用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were dne，主语是单数Bnsai，所以be动词需用was。故填spread/was spread。
【20题详解】
考查介词。句意：几乎任何种类的树木或植物都可以被使用，只要它是由一粒种子或一个小枝条长成的。此处表示由种子长大的，需用介词frm。故填frm。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节 （共14小题;每小题2分，共28分）
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在诗人之家举办的青少年诗歌研讨会为高中作家提供的三个学习研讨诗歌的项目。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Click the banner fr tw series f vide petry wrkshps where pet, playwright and educatr Dave Jhnsn chses a pet each day, and takes us thrugh a clse reading f their wrk.”（点击横幅，观看两个系列的视频诗歌研讨会，诗人、剧作家和教育家戴夫·约翰逊每天都会选择一位诗人，并带我们仔细阅读他们的作品。）可知，青少年每日可以通过戴夫·约翰逊研讨会了解一位诗人。故选A项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据The Thmpsn Fundatin Initiative标题下“Students engage with petry thrugh reading, writing, and art prjects that integrate the visual and linguistic.”（学生通过阅读、写作和融合视觉和语言的艺术项目参与诗歌创作。）可知，在汤普森基金会倡议活动中学生可以通过不同的方式学习和享受诗歌。故选D项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Jin Dave Jhnsn Wrkshp t write daily new pems in nly 10 minutes.”（加入戴夫·约翰逊工作坊，只需10分钟即可写出每日新诗。）及The Thmpsn Fundatin Initiative标题下“Students engage with petry thrugh reading, writing, and art prjects that integrate the visual and linguistic.”（学生通过阅读、写作和融合视觉和语言的艺术项目参与诗歌创作。）及Intensive Wrkshps fr Teens标题下“Advanced, individualized study is available peridically fr students wh want t cntinue writing petry, thrugh either ur day-lng r week-lng intensive wrkshps.”（通过我们为期一天或一周的强化研讨会，希望继续写诗的学生可以定期进行高级个性化学习。）可知，三个研讨会的共同点是它们提供了写诗歌的机会。故选C项。
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章介绍了纳米专家和科学传播者狄金森创作了一本名为《厨房科学食谱》的书，将科学与日常生活联系起来以及通过TEDx演讲和全国巡回表演向孩子们展示科学的魅力，激发孩子们对科学产生兴趣。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Dickinsn was inspired by a mther wh tld her she’d failed in science at schl but wanted t develp a lve f science in her wn daughter. “Then the mther ffered me a cake she’d made at hme as a gift. I tld her, ‘Yu d use science—yu baked this cake!’ and she replied, ‘N, that’s baking. very different frm science.’ I said, ‘Well, what happens if it desn’t rise enugh? Yu use mre baking sda and then turn the ven up higher...’ There was a real discnnectin between what the mther was ding and the wrd ‘science’.”(狄金森的灵感来自一位母亲，她告诉她，她在学校理科不及格，但她想培养自己女儿对科学的热爱。然后，母亲把她在家里做的蛋糕送给我作为礼物。我告诉她:“你确实用了科学——你烤了这个蛋糕!”’她回答说:‘不，那是烘焙。和科学很不一样。’我说，‘好吧，如果涨得不够会怎么样?你用更多的小苏打，然后把烤箱调高…“这位母亲所做的事情和‘科学’这个词之间确实存在脱节。”)”以及第三段中“S Dickinsn spent three years using her kitchen as a lab, cming up with 300 experiments. (因此，狄金森花了三年时间把她的厨房当作实验室，做了300个实验。)”可知，狄金森以生活中一名母亲并没有意识到烘焙与科学是密切相关为例，证明在很多人中存在生活和科学脱节的现象。由此激发她花三年的时间，把厨房当做实验室，做了300个实验，来将生活和实验联系起来，成为一名科学传播者。故狄金森之所以成为一名科学传播者，是因为她注意到人们在生活中不了解科学。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Nw Nangirl has gne glbal, with lcal versins surfacing in five cuntries and in fur languages.(现在，纳米女孩们已经走向全球，在五个国家以四种语言发行了当地版本。)”可知，纳米女孩跟随狄金森的脚步出现在世界各地。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“S Dickinsn spent three years using her kitchen as a lab, cming up with 300 experiments. (因此，狄金森花了三年时间把她的厨房当作实验室，做了300个实验。)”可知，狄金森对与自己所从事的事情是充满着热情的；同时根据倒数第二段中“Nw Nangirl has gne glbal, with lcal versins surfacing in five cuntries and in fur languages.(现在，纳米女孩们已经走向全球，在五个国家以四种语言发行了当地版本。)”可知，狄金森是激励人心的，因为在她的影响下，纳米女孩们已经走向全球。故选A。
【答案】27. D 28. C 29. A 30. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍因为饮食的改变导致了现在在世界上一半的语言中发现了新的语音。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Mre than 30 years ag, the schlar Charles Hckett nted that speech sunds called labidentals, such as “f” and “v”, were mre cmmn in the languages f scieties that ate sfter fds. Nw a team f researchers led by Damian Blasi at the University f Zurich, Switzerland, has fund hw and why this trend arse.(30多年前，学者Charles Hckett注意到，被称为唇齿音的语音，如“f”和“v”，在吃软食物的社会的语言中更常见。现在，瑞士苏黎世大学的Damian Blasi领导的一组研究人员发现了这一趋势产生的方式和原因)”可知，Damian Blasi的研究关注的是这一趋势是如何产生的以及产生的原因，可知他的研究重点是在语言的演变上。故选D项。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They discvered that the upper and lwer frnt teeth f ancient human adults were aligned, making it hard t prduce labidentals, which are frmed by tuching the lwer lip t the upper teeth. Later, ur jaws changed t an verbite structure , making it easier t prduce such sunds.(他们发现，古人类的上门牙和下门牙是对齐的，因此很难产生唇齿音，唇齿音是通过下唇接触上牙齿而形成的。后来，我们的下颚变成了覆盖咬合结构，更容易发出这样的声音)”可知，因为古代成年人因为上下门牙是对齐的，他们的下颚结构跟现在的我们不一样，这就导致他们发不出这个唇齿音，也就是说他们的下颚结构使他们很难发出唇齿音。故选C项。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“Analyses f a language database als cnfirmed that there was a glbal change in the sund f wrld languages after the s Nelithic age, with the use f “f” and “v”increasing remarkably during the last few thusand years. These sunds are still nt fund in the languages f many hunter-gatherer peple tday.(对语言数据库的分析也证实，在新石器时代之后，世界语言的发音发生了全球性的变化，在过去几千年里，“f”和“v”的使用显著增加。这些声音在今天许多狩猎采集者的语言中仍然没有发现)”可知，此段主要是通过介绍语言数据库的分析结果来证实语音是发生了很大变化，有些以前使用的语音，现在不一定找得到，因此此处主要是通过相关证据进一步证明研究结果。故选A项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中““The set f speech sunds we use has nt necessarily remained stable since the appearance f human beings, but rather the huge variety f speech sunds that we find tday is the prduct f a cmplex interplay f things like bilgical change and cultural evlutin,” said Steven Mran, a member f the research team.(研究小组成员Steven Mran说：“自从人类出现以来，我们使用的语音不一定保持稳定，我们今天发现的各种语音都是生物变化和文化进化等复杂相互作用的产物。”)”可知，人类的语意一直在发展变化中，并不会一成不变，而且会因生物变化和文化变化等进行复杂的相互作用而改变，因此可知Steven Mran认为语音是一个复杂的动态系统。故选C项。
【答案】31. D 32. A 33. C 34. C
【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要讲述科技改变了人们的交流方式，面对面的现实生活中的交流遇到挑战。作者建议人们建立有意义的人际关系，当遇到冲突时，要积极去解决。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Technlgy has changed the ways in which we cmmunicate with each ther. Fr many peple, the primary frm f cmmunicating these days is via instant messaging. When yu run ut f space r ideas, yu just hit the send buttn r turn it ff. There are n silences between the wrds, literally r figuratively (比喻地). (科技改变了我们彼此交流的方式。对许多人来说，现在主要的交流方式是通过即时消息。当你没有空间或想法时，你只需按下发送按钮或关闭它。交流之间没有沉默，无论是字面上还是比喻上。)”和第二段“In real life, getting alng with anther persn takes effrt and energy. There are mments when neither persn has anything t say. Silence can feel awkward. S t, emtins can arise in real life that are difficult. There are mments when things can get painful with anther persn. Misunderstandings happen, hard truths are revealed, and feelings can get hurt. (在现实生活中，与他人相处需要付出努力和精力。有时候，两个人都没有话要说。沉默会感到尴尬。同样，情感也会在现实生活中产生，而这些生活很困难。有时候，与另一个人在一起会很痛苦。误解会发生，残酷的真相会暴露，感情也会受到伤害。)”可知，现实生活中的人际关系面临更多挑战。故选D。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“It makes me wnder if we are simply lsing the ability t deal with the messy and uncmfrtable parts f life. The result is that we are left with a lt f relatinships but nt much in the way f nurishing relatinships. We have it easy, but we dn’t have it real. (这让我怀疑，我们是否正在失去处理生活中混乱和不舒服部分的能力。结果是，我们留下了很多关系，但却没有太多滋养关系的方式。我们很容易做到，但我们没有做到。)”可知，作者对这个趋势是持怀疑的态度。故选A。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“We have t remind urselves that we can wade (涉水) thrugh that messy river t get t the ther side where the relatinship can be restred. In psychlgy, we call this prcess repair. And the relatinship that is frmed after dealing with the cnflict tgether is actually strnger than if the cnflict had nt happened. (我们必须提醒自己，我们可以趟过那条脏乱的河流，到达另一边，在那里我们可以恢复关系。在心理学中，我们称这种过程为修复。在一起处理冲突后形成的关系实际上比冲突没有发生时更牢固。)”可知，当人们之间有冲突时，作者建议人们去解决。故选C。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“We will never end up anywhere deeply satisfying by aviding challenges. Each mment that we are willing t be uncmfrtable in a relatinship, t live in and thrugh the messiness, is a drp f gld in the relatinship itself. The investment in the hard stuff is finally what makes the relatinship wrth investing in. The willingness t be uncmfrtable with smething and the value f that smething are part f the same circle. (避免挑战，我们永远不会在任何地方得到令人满意的结果。我们愿意在一段关系中感到不舒服的每一刻，愿意生活在混乱中并度过混乱，都是这段关系本身的一滴黄金。对艰难事物的投资最终是使这段关系值得投资的因素。对某些事物感到不舒服的意愿和这些事物的价值是同一个圈子的一部分。)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是要引导人们建立有意义的人际关系。故选C。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
【答案】35. D 36. C 37. E 38. G 39. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了数字医疗的概念、具体的检测辅助设备的功能、发展中面临的限制以及未来可能带来的好处。
【35题详解】
前文“Cllectively knwn as digital medicine, a large number f apps in use r under develpment can nw detect r mnitr mental and physical disrders r directly administer therapies. (现在，大量正在使用或正在开发的应用程序被统称为数字医疗，它们可以检测或监测心理和身体疾病，或直接实施治疗)”介绍数字医疗具备的功能，D项“They can bth help diagnse symptms and enhance traditinal medical care. (它们既可以帮助诊断症状，又可以加强传统的医疗保健)”符合语境，继续介绍数字医疗的功能，承接前文，其中的They指代前文的a large number f apps。故选D。
【36题详解】
前文“Sme smart watches, fr instance, cntain a sensr that autmatically detects and warns peple f a dangerus heart rate. (例如，一些智能手表包含一个传感器，可以自动检测并警告人们危险的心率)”列举智能手表中的检测辅助功能，后文“These wearable detectin aids will nt replace a dctr any time sn but can be helpful partners in stressing cncerns that need fllw-up. (这些可穿戴检测辅助设备不会在短期内取代医生，但可以成为强调需要随访的问题的有益伙伴)”对可穿戴检测辅助设备的作用进行评估，C项“Other similar tls can detect breathing disrders, depressin and ther cnditins. (其他类似的工具可以检测呼吸障碍、抑郁症和其他疾病)”符合语境，说明其他的检测辅助功能，承接前文，引出后文的评估，后文的These wearable detectin aids涵盖前文的Sme smart watches和选项中的Other similar tls。故选C。
【37题详解】
前文“These wearable detectin aids will nt replace a dctr any time sn but can be helpful partners in stressing cncerns that need fllw-up. (这些可穿戴检测辅助设备不会在短期内取代医生，但可以成为强调需要随访的问题的有益伙伴)”对可穿戴检测辅助设备的作用进行评估，后文“Sme are being develped t detect things such as cancerus DNA, stmach bleeds, bdy temperature and xygen levels. The sensrs inside yur bdy can then send the data t apps fr recrding. (其中一些正在被开发用于检测癌症DNA、胃出血、体温和氧气水平等。然后，你体内的传感器可以将数据发送到应用程序进行记录。)”介绍新的介入体内的检测辅助设备，E项“Detectin aids can als take the frm f eatable and sensr-bearing pills. (检测辅助设备还可以采用可食用和带有传感器的药丸的形式)”符合语境，说明检测辅助设备的新形式，从前文的可穿戴的形式过渡到后文的介入体内的新形式，其中的eatable and sensr-bearing和后文的The sensrs inside yur bdy呼应。故选E。
【38题详解】
空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。后文“Fr the mst part, thse intended t diagnse r treat disrders must be prved safe and effective in clinical trials and earn regulatry apprval; sme may need a dctr’s permissin. (在大多数情况下，那些用于诊断或治疗疾病的药物必须在临床试验中被证明是安全有效的，并获得监管部门的批准；有些可能需要医生的许可)”指出数字医疗发展中的严格限制和流程，G项“Nt all healthcare apps can be used as digital medicine. (并非所有的医疗保健应用程序都可以用作数字医疗)”符合语境，说明数字医疗有其限制，可引出后文。故选G。
【39题详解】
前文“With such prtectins in place, healthcare csts culd be saved by marking unhealthy behaviurs and helping peple t make changes befre diseases set in. (有了这些保护措施，就可以通过标记不健康行为并帮助人们在疾病发生之前做出改变来节省医疗费用)”说明使用数字医疗对于普通人的好处，后文“Fr researchers, the patterns that emerge will prvide them with nvel ideas fr hw best t build healthier habits and prevent diseases. (对于研究人员来说，出现的模式将为他们提供如何最好地建立更健康的习惯和预防疾病的新想法)”说明使用数字医疗对于研究者的好处，A项“Fr dctrs, applying AI t the data frm these apps culd help them persnalize patient care. (对于医生来说，将人工智能应用于这些应用程序的数据可以帮助他们个性化患者护理)”符合语境，说明使用数字医疗对于医生的好处，和前后文内容呼应。故选A。
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）
【答案】40. Creating a cntrast between the main character’s persnality and external reality.
41. Having the chance t immerse neself in t the fictinal wrld and spend sme time with the characters f the stry can be a relief.
42. The adventures in literature help readers find slutins t prblems and realize the imprtance f ptimism. The adventures in the bk let the readers knw that there are many prblems that cannt be slved.
43. Apart frm ptimism, literature has prvided me with the benefit f empathy. Reading allws me t explre different perspectives, understand diverse characters, and develp a deeper understanding f human emtins and experiences, which ultimately helps me becme mre empathetic twards thers.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了文学作品可以给读者带来的好处。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“Creating a cntrast between the main character’s persnality and external reality is amng the mst emtinally efficient means.(在主角的个性和外部现实之间创造反差是最有效的情感手段之一)”可知，文学作品中最有效的情感表达方式是在主角的个性和外部现实之间创造反差。故答案为Creating a cntrast between the main character’s persnality and external reality。
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“At times when the wrld is “all ver the place” and causes severe stress fr peple, having the chance t immerse (使沉浸) neself in t the fictinal wrld and spend sme time with the characters f the stry can be a relief.(有时候，当这个世界“到处都是”给人们带来了巨大的压力时，有机会沉浸在虚构的世界里，花点时间和故事中的人物在一起，不失为一种解脱)”可知，当人们遭受压力时，有机会沉浸在虚构的世界里，花点时间和故事中的人物在一起能得到缓解。故答案为Having the chance t immerse neself in t the fictinal wrld and spend sme time with the characters f the stry can be a relief.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段“There are a large number f bks that ffer the safe escape int a fictinal wrld and teach their readers that there are t unslvable prblems. The adventures thrugh which the reader ges tgether with bk characters ften prvide teachable lessns and underline the imprtance f remaining ptimistic.(有大量的书提供了一个安全的逃避到一个虚构的世界，并告诉他们的读者有许多无法解决的问题。读者与书中人物一起经历的冒险往往提供了可教的教训，并强调了保持乐观的重要性)”可知，错误的部分为“help readers find slutins t prblems”，书中的冒险让读者知道有许多无法解决的问题。故答案为The adventures in literature help readers find slutins t prblems and realize the imprtance f ptimism. The adventures in the bk let the readers knw that there are many prblems that cannt be slved.
【43题详解】
考查开放题。根据“除了乐观，你还从文学中得到了什么好处？为什么？”可回答：除了乐观，文学还让我有了同理心。阅读让我探索不同的视角，了解不同的人物，对人类的情感和经历有了更深的理解，最终使我对他人更有同理心。故答案为Apart frm ptimism, literature has prvided me with the benefit f empathy. Reading allws me t explre different perspectives, understand diverse characters, and develp a deeper understanding f human emtins and experiences, which ultimately helps me becme mre empathetic twards thers.
第二节：书面表达 （20分）
44. 【答案】Dear Sir,
I’m Li Hua, a student frm senir 2. Learning that an English editr is wanted fr ur schl’s WeChat fficial accunt, I’m writing t apply fr this psitin.
I wuld like t be an editr because I’m keen n the schl events and want t bradcast them t thers.
I’m cnfident that I’m qualified fr this jb. First, I have a gd cmmand f English s that I have n difficulty in editing articles in English. Besides, being an editr f my class’ fficial accunt fr a year equips me with relevant experience. Furthermre, I am skilled in cmputer, which enables me t make the accunt mre attractive. If chsen, I’ll be whlly devted t the jb. I will update the accunt regularly with psitive, ht events f ur schl.
I lk frward t hearing frm yu.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学校公众号写一封关于英语编辑的应聘信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想要做某事：wuld like t d sth. → feel like ding sth.
此外：besides → what’s mre
投入：be devted t → be cmmitted t
使某人具备：equip sb. with → arm sb. with
精通：have a gd cmmand f → have a gd knwledge f
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句： Learning that an English editr is wanted fr ur schl’s WeChat fficial accunt, I’m writing t apply fr this psitin.
拓展句：Because I learn that an English editr is wanted fr ur schl’s WeChat fficial accunt, I’m writing t apply fr this psitin.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Furthermre, I am skilled in cmputer, which enables me t make the accunt mre attractive. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】If chsen, I’ll be whlly devted t the jb. (if条件状语从句的省略)