北京市丰台区2026届高三下学期一模英语试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份北京市丰台区2026届高三下学期一模英语试卷（Word版附解析），文件包含英语试题卷答案pdf、英语试题卷pdf等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共17页， 欢迎下载使用。
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In ur twn, I’m the head f the Anti-Pverty Fund. In my free time, I’m a vlunteer firefighter. The vlunteers here ___1___ prfessinal firefighters, s I have t get t the fire scene pretty early t get in n any actin.
I remember my first fire. It was a real ___2___ against the ther vlunteers t get t the captain in charge t find ut what ur assignments wuld be.
When I fund the captain, he was having an engaging cnversatin with the bareft hme wner. The ther vlunteer wh had arrived just five secnds earlier than me was asked t save the hme wner’s dg. The dg! I was ___3___. Fr the rest f his life, he’d frever be prud f ___4___ a burning building t save a living creature. Well, I was next. The captain waved me ver. He said, “I need yu t get the hme wner a pair f shes.” It was nt exactly what I was hping fr, but ff I went — up the stairs, dwn the hall, past the “real” firefighters, wh were pretty much dne ___5___ the fire at this pint, int the bedrm t get a pair f shes.
Yes, I’m n ___6___.
When I went back with the shes, I met my rival and the precius dg by-the dr where, ___7___, his “treasure” received much mre attentin than mine.
Weeks later, thugh, the hme wner sent a thank-yu letter. The act f kindness she nted ___8___ all thers: smene had even gtten her a pair f shes.
In bth my jb at the Anti-Pverty Fund and vlunteer firefighting, I am witness t acts f genersity and kindness n a mnumental scale, but I’m als witness t acts f grace and curage n an individual basis. Here’s what I’ve learned: they all ___9___. Nt every day is ging t ffer us a chance t save smebdy’s life, but every day ffers us an pprtunity t ____10____ ne.
S get in the game. Save the shes.
1. A. instructB. replaceC. assistD. bserve
2. A. prtestB. raceC. struggleD. victry
3. A. enviusB. curiusC. sympatheticD. angry
4. A. bravingB. leavingC. circlingD. clearing
5. A. running frmB. putting utC. playing withD. getting ver
6. A. geniusB. pineerC. expertD. her
7. A. suddenlyB. unsurprisinglyC. unfrtunatelyD. interestingly
8. A. frmB. frC. exceptD. abve
9. A. existB. matchC. matterD. change
10. A. inspireB. pleaseC. admireD. affect
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
China’s wrld natural heritage sites are all in gd cnditin, with their eclgical value cntributing ecnmically t lcal ____11____ (cmmunity). In recent years, the cuntry ____12____ (hst)15 f the wrld’s 176 natural heritage sites and fur f the wrld’s 25 sites recgnised fr bth cultural and natural features. Abut 80.000 square kilmeters are cvered by these sites acrss 20 prvincial regins, ____13____ (cntain) diverse ecsystems such as muntains, frests, grasslands, lakes, wetlands, deserts, and castal znes.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
If yu lve breaking dwn big prblems and finding meaning in numbers, data-driven careers may be the perfect fit fr yu. Many peple wh take n rles like this start with ____14____ (far) study, ften thrugh a graduate diplma in data science. ____15____ this qualificatin ffers are the tls and thinking styles ____16____ (design) t help yu make sense f cmplex infrmatin. With these skills, yu can wrk acrss a wide ____17____ (vary) f industries, frm health, finance and educatin t retail.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
When I was seven, my favurite blanket ____18____ (fly) ut f the car windw and was gne during a trip. Heartbrken, we later stpped at a service statin ____19____ a biker gang had pulled in. “Is that yur blue Frd?” A frightening man ____20____ a bushy beard asked. Mum ndded nervusly. The man pulled my blanket frm his jacket pcket and handed it t her. He then returned t his mtrcycle. I repaid him the nly way I knew hw: I ran up t him and gave him my sandwich.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Natinal Theatre, Lndn, has annunced an exciting lineup fr its 2026seasn, bringing a dynamic mix f new prductins, timeless classics, and internatinal cllabratins.
The theatre will pen the year with Emerald City, riginally created by Australian playwright David Williamsn in 1987. Directr Thmas Cuisse says, “The surface f sciety might change, but human nature desn’t. This play ffers a deep explratin f an artist’s inner struggle which will tuch audiences everywhere.”
Thunderstrm, written by Ca Yu and ne f the mst icnic Chinese plays f the 20th century, will be staged in June. It is part f the theatre’s nging effrt t prmte classic Chinese theatrical wrks.
The summer will als bring Rme and Juliet t a small theatre, with a mdern twist. The theatre’s yung artists reimagine Shakespeare’s classic thrugh a mdern lens, adding yuthful energy.
In additin, the year will see the return f Hamlet in August and The Daffdils in September. The latter will be presented in grand petic style, explring the intersectin f art, petry and histry.
This year, the theatre cntinues t increase cllabratin with majr cultural hubs. “We’re wrking t build strnger relatinships with the internatinal cmmunity,” says Rufus Nrris, Artistic Directr. The first such cllabratin will be Farewell My Cncubine, c-prduced with Shanghai Dramatic Arts Centre, which will be streamed glbally nline.
In 2026, the theatre will cntinue t engage yunger audiences and expand its public cultural services thrugh prgrams like “yuth blssms”, which allws university students t create and stage their wn wrk. Mrever, the theatre is embracing technlgy t reach a brader audience by adapting several prductins int film and digital frmats, allwing mre peple t experience the theatre’s perfrmances nline.
21. Which drama displays yung artists’ adaptatin?
A. Emerald City.B. Hamlet.
C. Thunderstrm.D. Rme and Juliet.
22. What can we learn abut the Natinal Theatre’s plays?
A. The Daffdils fcuses n histry f petry.
B. Farewell My Cncubine will be live n TV.
C Hamlet will be presented again in the theatre.
D. Emerald City explres audiences’ inner struggle.
23. The main purpse f the passage is t ________.
A. highlight the theatre’s cultural cperatin
B. help the theatre attract yung audiences
C. intrduce the theatre’s classic plays
D. cver the theatre’s new seasn
B
There’s always ne nnexistent friend in the grup chat, wh cntributes little t the chat. That friend is me.
When a new grup chat is created, the members will inevitably cme t laugh at my inability t respnd t a simple questin within a matter f hurs.
In fact, I pride myself n my swift respnse time when it cmes t imprtant wrk emails. “Call me instead,” I tell my friends. “I’m a much better caller.” If it’s urgent, I’ll pick up and always be there. But if I read a message and categrise it as nn-urgent, then it’s a different stry.
Say a friend messages me, asking fr my thughts abut a new album. I’ll read it, autmatically reply in my head — “I lve it” — but mentally file it away in the nn-urgent cabinet, telling myself that I’ll tend t that nn-urgent filing cabinet as sn as pssible. Then I will be typing anther email — and abslutely frgetting t revisit that nn-urgent cabinet. My declaratin f lve fr the album arrives very, very late.
I want t stress I d lve my friends and I am grateful t be included in all f the grup chats. I simply find it verwhelming t keep up with the never-ending stream f message ntificatins. In these mments, the message ntificatins ften fall by the wayside, my friends’ messages g unanswered and I smetimes feel like abandning my phne and zning ut. Nt t be dramatic.
I recently asked ne f my friends hw they felt abut my bad texting habits. She’s that ne friend yu can always rely n t give yu the nn-sugarcated truth. She said, “The truth is that we knew we had reached a new level f lve and cmpaninship when we accepted hw terrible yu are at replying and chse t embrace it.” “T be fair,” she added, “when we d eventually get an answer ut f yu — yu are always dwn, yu always shw up when we need yu, yu never flake r cancel and yu’re usually the ne driving 40 minutes acrss twn t see us. We can handle the grup chat radi silence in return fr that kind f friendship.”
At this mment, I think abut each friend’s rle in the grup — the prlific messenger, the caller, the nnrespnder — and hw we all cmmunicate and cntribute t the grup in different ways. All expressing lve in different ways, t.
24. Why des the authr ften fail t respnd t messages timely?
A. She thinks nn-urgent messages nt wrth replying t.
B. She finds grup cnversatins exhausting and bring.
C. She priritizes wrk emails ver persnal messages.
D. She mentally respnds but frgets t actually reply.
25. What can we knw abut the authr’s friends?
A. They give up n judging each ther.
B. They learn t accept her the way she is.
C. They adapt t her preference fr phne calls.
D. They cmplain abut her sugarcated excuses.
26. Which wrd wuld best describe the authr’s rle in her friendship?
A. Reliable.B. Independent.C. Difficult.D. Insincere.
27. What des the authr mainly cnvey in the passage?
A. A late reply is better than n respnse.
B. Lve speaks mre than ne language.
C. Nn-respnders deserve mre lve.
D. Actins speak luder than wrds.
C
It’s human nature t feel embarrassed fr smene acting cringey — like a friend slipping n a wet flr. It’s a sign f empathy which shapes human cperatin and cnnectin. What happens, thugh, when the secnd persn in this situatin is replaced with a rbt?
Experiencing secndhand embarrassment lights up areas in the human brain assciated with pain and the recgnitin f emtins. Similarly, scial anxiety is linked t heightened empathy, but als cmes with a reduced capacity t actually understand the ther persn’s emtins, knwn as cgnitive empathy. And f curse, the mre scially clse and invested a persn is in anther, the mre intensely they’ll feel this bystander discmfrt.
Interestingly, new research frm Oakridge University fund that humans can have the same srt f secndhand embarrassment when they see a rbt display scial awkwardness.
T test this phenmenn, human subjects were immersed in a virtual envirnment where bth human and rbt avatars were present. The researchers then put these avatars thrugh awkward situatins like stumbling in a crwd r dancing clumsily in public.
Researchers then measured the electrical activity f the sweat glands (腺体) f the subjects. This crrelates t arusal signals like stress, r ther states f high emtin. Participants als filled ut a questinnaire abut their emtinal respnses t each virtual scial situatin. The data indicates that humans felt self-embarrassment fr bth the human and rbt avatars when they were in a scially awkward scenari, althugh they perceived the situatin as mre “real” fr the human avatar cmpared t the rbt.
Still, the results shw that humans can empathize with rbts in embarrassing situatins, suggesting that humans assume the rbts can be aware f being witnessed and have sme degree f self-cnsciusness based n self-reflectin and self-evaluatin. But it als matters what the rbt lks like: “The appearance f the rbt may affect the empathetic embarrassment because humans empathize mre strngly with mre human-lking rbts and less with mre mechanical-lking rbts when they are mistreated by humans.”
Despite the interesting findings in this recent study, the team frm Oakridge University acknwledges that a larger sample size, as well as real wrld humans and rbts, wuld make the cnclusins mre cnvincing.
“Our study prvides valuable insights int the evlving nature f human-rbt relatinships. As technlgy cntinues t integrate int ur daily lives, understanding the emtinal respnses we have twards rbts is crucial,” Lisa Green, the lead researcher n the prject, said in a press release. “This research pens up new avenues fr explring the bundaries f human empathy and the ptential challenges and benefits f human-rbt interactins.”
28. What des the authr mainly d in Paragraph 2?
A. Intrduce an apprach.B. Explain a cre cncept.
C. Offer a theretical basis.D. Present previus findings.
29. What can we learn frm the study?
A. Rbts’ appearance determines empathetic embarrassment level.
B. Humans think awkward rbts may have self-cnsciusness.
C. States f emtin hld back electrical activities in the brain.
D. Awkward rbts stimulate strnger empathy than humans.
30. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?
A. D rbts feel awkward like humans?
B. Can rbts truly empathize with humans?
C. Where is the bundary f human empathy?
D. Why d humans feel bad fr awkward rbts?
D
The singularly mst imprtant questin we will ever ask is, “Wh am I?” Generally speaking, we are nt taught hw t answer that questin. We dn’t even ask it. Mst cmmnly, we define urselves by the mirrrs we see frm the external wrld.
We are being lked at. And we are lking at ther peple’s bservatins and perceptins as if they are a mirrr image f wh we are. But yu knw hw mirrrs are. We nly get a reversed (相反的) image. We have internalized ther peple’s ideas and we believe that they define us.
Even in the case, used here nly as an example, f the child wh internalizes a rebel identity. We say he’s “ut f cntrl.” He’s just trying t embarrass his parents. He’s just a “difficult child.” If nne f that is true, then wh is he really?
Frm the transpersnal therapy perspective, little Jhnny has becme what his parents needed him t be. What? Nbdy in their right mind wuld want t raise a rebel. Right?
Perhaps Jhnny’s parents have lived an uncnsciusly restrained life, strictly fllwing the scially acceptable cdes f the day. Yet, internally, they are itching (渴望) t be different. They just can’t because this rle as the “gd guy” has captured them. Hwever, all the itching internal stuff has t g smewhere. The simplest answer is that it is prjected nt little Jhnny. Then the parent can deal with it externally; they may typically react by trying t get Jhnny t take n the identity f anther gd guy.
That is hw it is fr mst f us. We intrject an idea f wh we are, which we have received by lking int the eyes f parents and family members, and we live it ut as if it is truly wh we are. Often, it is reinfrced many times ver many years, in this case, by trying t get Jhnny t live in the parents’ cage, which nly means Jhnny will have t rebel yet again.
Under all that identificatin, we ask, wh are we really? The way t find it is t stp lking int ther peple’s eyes and start lking within.
Once that decisin is made, it might be a gd time t seek a therapist wh will help us d that in a safe envirnment. Within that safe envirnment, yu might als start jurnaling. Jurnaling is a dialgue with yurself — a dialgue between identity and self, r smene with whm yu have unreslved issues.
The real jurney, the ne that will need t be made in a safe space, is made f determinatin. Determinatin t g deeper and deeper. This is the true her’s jurney in which yu finally meet and retrieve yur wn self.
31. What are the first tw paragraphs mainly abut?
A. The miscnstructin f self-perceptin.
B. The internalized reflectin f self-identity.
C. Peple’s cnfusin abut their internal wrld.
D. Peple’s bservatin f a reversed mirrr image.
32. Why des the authr mentin the example f a “rebel” child?
A T criticize a practice.B. T challenge an argument.
C. T illustrate an idea.D. T raise an assumptin.
33. What des the underlined wrd “intrject” in Paragraph 6 prbably mean?
A Absrb.B. Intrduce.C. Value.D. Generate.
34. It is implied in the passage that we shuld ________.
A. address unreslved issues with parents
B. balance given identity and genuine self
C. reclaim the authrity t define wh we are
D. reshape ur identity in a safe envirnment
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Music isn’t just entertainment. It is ne f the mst accessible and pwerful ways t regulate ur mental state, yet we cntinue t underestimate its ptential.
We already knw that music can trigger emtins. ____35____ In a 2019 study, participants listened t heric- r sad-sunding music while their minds wandered. The results were striking: uplifting music stirred energising, cnstructive thughts, while sad music brught abut calmer r mre demtivating nes. This influence has cnsequences fr mental health.
Our minds frequently wander. We daydream fr nearly half the time we are awake, and we are less happy when this happens. ____36____ Why? Because during these perids, the brain’s default mde netwrk (DMN) takes ver. This supprts imaginatin, memry and reflectin, but ften drifts int negative thught lps.
In recent brain-imaging studies, we shwed that negative daydreams, especially during sad music, engage the brain’s pain system as well as the DMN. Upsetting thughts, it turns ut, are mre than metaphrically painful. ____37____
Frtunately the DMN has a natural cunterpart: the executive netwrk, which supprts fcus and gal-directed behaviur. The tw systems are anticrrelated, meaning when ne is active, the ther quiets dwn. ____38____ Whether by tapping alng t music, breathing in rhythm r humming internally, we redirect attentin, disrupt negative thught lps and give ur minds a cgnitive “reset”.
____39____ Studies fund peple wh tapped alng experienced significantly less physical pain in experiments where a shrt burst f pressure was applied t their fingernails than thse wh merely listened. The cmbinatin f musical immersin and mtr synchrnisatin (同步) bsted pain-reducing effects t a clinically meaningful degree. These findings suggest that musical engagement is a kind f pleasurable meditatin.
If music can d all this, it needs t be recgnised as far mre than a lifestyle accessry. S the next time yur stress begins t bite, put n yur favurite sng.
A. It lifts ur md and makes us cry.
B. This des mre than imprve md.
C. And music can shift us int this mre adaptive mde.
D. They activate the same netwrks as physical discmfrt.
E. The DMN als respnds t rhythmic physical mvement.
F. Even, pleasant thughts dn’t imprve md significantly.
G. But research suggests it can change the cntent f ur thughts.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Over breakfast, I chatted with Mia, my Spanish study buddy. I reviewed my recent lessn and shared what I’d learned frm a pdcast. By the end f ur 10-minute talk, I felt I had gained mre than frm anther textbk exercise.
Mia, hwever, is nt a real persn. She is an AI I created t make use f the “prtege effect.” It is a psychlgical phenmenn where we learn mre effectively when we teach smene else abut a tpic we’ve just explred — even if that persn desn’t really exist.
The principle f “learning by teaching” was first intrduced in the early 1980s by Jean-Pl Martin, a French teacher, wh allwed students t research and present parts f the curriculum t their classmates. The technique bsted their mtivatin and self-cnfidence, and it sn spread t many ther schls.
In ne study, a US scientist, Carline Chase tested its effectiveness. Her team asked 62 eighth-graders t use a cmputer prgram t learn abut the bilgical changes during a fever. Over tw lessns, students read a text and created a flwchart. Half did it as self-study; the thers were tld their wrk wuld help teach a virtual character n the screen.
It was a small change, but the students in the rle f teacher scred significantly better. This increased engagement made a big difference in bth the amunt they absrbed and the depth f their understanding.
Chase’s team named this the “prtege effect”, and it has since been cnfirmed by later studies. Knwing that thers will learn frm us creates a sense f respnsibility t prvide accurate infrmatin. This respnsibility drives us t make a greater effrt t fill in the gaps in ur wn understanding and crrect any mistaken assumptins befre we pass them n. Explaining ur knwledge then helps t strengthen what we have learned.
S why nt give it a try? T truly master smething, start teaching it — even if yur student is nly a virtual ne.
40. What is the “prtege effect”?
______________________________________________________________
41. Why did students in the rle f teacher scre better in Chase’s study?
______________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
➤The respnsibility t teach thers pushes us t pint ut their mistaken assumptins.
______________________________________________________________
43. Hw can yu put the “prtege effect” int practice? (In abut 40 wrds)
______________________________________________________________
第二节（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校英文报正在举办以“Labr Shaped Me”为主题的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 你的劳动经历；
2. 该经历对你的影响。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。
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