2026北京市师大附中高二上学期1月期末英语试题含解析

这是一份2026北京市师大附中高二上学期1月期末英语试题含解析，共5页。试卷主要包含了本试卷有七道大题，共13页等内容，欢迎下载使用。
班级：______姓名：______学号：______
考生须知
1．本试卷有七道大题，共13页。考试时长100分钟，满分120分。
2．考生务必将答案填写在机读卡和答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。
3．考试结束后，考生应将机读卡和答题纸交回。
第Ⅰ卷
一、完形填空(本大题共10小题，共15分)
The mment Kareem went int the waiting rm, his nervusness increased dramatically. Mate, his ppnent, was sitting there, with his ___1___ resting n his knee. The tw wuld ___2___fr the last pening at the music schl. Kareem culd tell Mate was ___3___, just like he’d always been.
Kareem sat and clsed his eyes, trying t ignre Mate’s calmness, a sharp cntrast t his wn ___4___. T relieve the tensin, Kareem began tuning his guitar.
Suddenly a deafening nise came and Kareem frze at the nise. A brken E string ___5___ frm Kareem’s guitar. He’d ver-tightened the string, causing it t break. Then, he ___6___ his bag fr anther set f strings. ___7___, Kareem brught n strings fr replacement.
As his turn was appraching, Kareem felt ___8___. Nw there was n chice. He std up slwly and walked t Mate,“Wuld yu happen t have a spare E string?”
Mate shk his head, “Srry.” Kareem ndded and whispered that he understd.
Just then Kareem’s name was called. He was rted t the grund and was abut t quit when he nticed Mate’s arm utstretched, hlding his guitar ut t him.
“Here, use mine,” Kareem’s muth ___9___ as Mate added, “D yur best, man.”
The prfessr asked Kareem what t play. He hesitated, “I’ll be playing Bach’s Burree in E minr, with friend’s guitar.“
As Kareem walked tward the stage dr, he lked back at Mate with a shared ____10____ as if t say they were friends.
1. A. catB. phneC. guitarD. bk
2. A. cmpeteB. vteC. argueD. stand
3. A. activeB. ppularC. readyD. prud
4. A. srrwB. anxietyC. shameD. anger
5. A. shwed upB. came backC. fell apartD. hung dwn
6. A. spttedB. searchedC. packedD. held
7. A. SimplyB. NaturallyC. SadlyD. Seriusly
8. A. hpelessB. carelessC. guiltyD. lnely
9. A. hurtB. shutC. wateredD. drpped
10. A. smileB. hpeC. interestD. view
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了卡里姆和马特奥竞争音乐学校的最后一个职位，但卡里姆的吉他琴弦断了，关键时刻马特奥慷慨地帮助了卡里姆，两人成为了朋友。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的对手马特奥坐在那里，把吉他放在膝盖上。A. cat外套；B. phne电话；C. guitar吉他；D. bk书。根据下文“T relieve the tensin, Kareem began tuning his guitar.”和“He was rted t the grund and was abut t quit when he nticed Mate’s arm utstretched, hlding his guitar ut t him.”可知，卡里姆和马特奥竞争的是音乐学校的职位，都带了吉他。故选C项。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：两人将竞争音乐学校的最后一个职位。A. cmpete竞争；B. vte投票；C. argue争论；D. stand站立。根据上文“his ppnent”和下文“the last pening at the music schl”可知，卡里姆和马特奥是竞争音乐学校的职位。故选A项。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卡里姆看得出马特奥已经准备好了，就像他一直以来一样。A. active积极主动的；B. ppular受欢迎的；C. ready准备好的；D. prud自豪的。根据下文“Kareem sat and clsed his eyes, trying t ignre Mate’s calmness”可知，马特奥非常冷静，说明他胸有成竹，已经准备好了。故选C项。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：卡里姆坐着，闭上眼睛，试图忽略马特奥的冷静，这与他自己的焦虑形成了鲜明的对比。A. srrw悲伤；B. anxiety焦虑；C. shame羞耻；D. anger愤怒。根据下文“T relieve the tensin, Kareem began tuning his guitar.”可知，卡里姆感到紧张和焦虑。故选B项。
【5题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一根断了的E弦从卡里姆的吉他上垂了来下。A. shwed up露面；B. came back回来；C. fell apart崩溃；D. hung dwn垂下。根据句中“brken E string”可知，琴弦断了，所以垂了来下。故选D项。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他在包里寻找另一组琴弦。A. sptted看见；B. searched搜寻；C. packed打包；D. held握住。卡里姆的吉他琴弦断了，结合句中“his bag fr anther set f strings”可知，卡里姆想找备用琴弦。故选B项。
【7题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，卡里姆没有带来任何替代的琴弦。A. Simply仅仅；B. Naturally自然地；C. Sadly悲哀地；D. Seriusly严重地。根据句中“Kareem brught n strings fr replacement.”可知，卡里姆并没有备用琴弦，很不幸。故选C项。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：轮到卡里姆的时候，卡里姆感到绝望。A. hpeless无望的；B. careless粗心大意的；C. guilty内疚的；D. lnely孤单的。卡里姆并未找到备用琴弦，句中结合“As his turn was appraching”可知，表演马上开始了，卡里姆感到绝望。故选A项。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当马特奥接着说：“尽你所能，伙计。”，卡里姆惊掉了下巴。A. hurt使受伤；B. shut关闭；C. watered浇水；D. drpped掉落。根据上文可知，卡里姆和马特奥是竞争对手，但马特奥现在居然把自己的吉他借给卡里姆，这让卡里姆感到震惊；muth drp可理解为“惊得下巴掉了下来”。故选D项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当卡里姆走向舞台门时，他回头看着马特奥，脸上带着相同的微笑，似乎在说他们是朋友。A. smile微笑；B. hpe希望；C. interest兴趣；D. view观点。根据上文可知，虽然卡里姆和马特奥是竞争对手，但在关键时刻马特奥帮助了卡里姆。结合句中“as if t say they were friends”可知，这一刻他们成了朋友，所以两人相视而笑。故选A项。
二、阅读理解(本大题共19小题，共28.5分)
第一节
A
Mst kids spent their summer hlidays playing vide-games, watching TV and sleeping in.Parents can fllw the steps belw, and yur kids can break their summertime tech habits and adapt t a schl-friendly schedule in tw weeks.
Shift bedtime
There’s nthing mre imprtant t kicking ff the schl year successfully than getting sufficient sleep. Tw weeks befre schl begins, schedule bedtime back by abut 20 minutes a night t stp kids staying up late r sleeping in. Instead f a lng, fun bathtime, switch t a quick shwer. Keep all digital devices ut f their bedrms and buy them alarm clcks.
Set screen gals
Having intentinal gals fr screen use can help kids change their tech habits. Yu might decide t make screen time a reward rather than a right. Set limits n digital activities such as n videgames until they cmplete hmewrk. Dn’t jump t n apps but cnsider using apps that cntrl the length f time kids can use a device. Establish znes in yur huse where electrnics simply are nt allwed. Besides, get yur kids invlved in activities that dn’t need a screen.
Make a schedule
A summer spent withut rutine can make jumping back int the structure f schl difficult fr kids. Setting a schedule fr the last tw weeks f summer can wrk. Ms. Rawsn, funder f the Screen Time Clinic, suggests creating blcks f time that mirrr thse f the schl day,arranging 30 t 50 minutes fr an activity, depending n the kid’s age, alng with a set lunchtime. Kids shuld have a say in deciding hw t fill the day’s time blcks. The activities can invlve anything but screens.
11. Befre the new schl year begins, kids can shift bedtime by .
A. taking a lng bathB. sleeping in a lt
C. using phnes as alarm clcksD. mving t bed earlier
12. Accrding t the passage, what shuld parents d t adjust kids’ screen time?
A. Manage hmewrk time with apps.
B. Frbid them frm using electrnics.
C. Reserve areas fr screen-free activities.
D. Remve apps frm their digital devices.
13. A schl-friendly schedule shuld
A. reflect individual needs f kids
B. cpy the exact schl timetables
C. start frm the beginning f hlidays
D. cmbine study with digital entertainment
【答案】11. D 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章提出了一些建议，帮助孩子们在两周内改掉他们的暑假科技习惯，适应学校的课程表。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Tw weeks befre schl begins, schedule bedtime back by abut 20 minutes a night t stp kids staying up late r sleeping in.(开学前两周，每晚把就寝时间提前20分钟，防止孩子熬夜或睡过头。)”可知，在新学年开始之前，孩子们可以通过提前睡觉来改变睡觉时间。故选D。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Establish znes in yur huse where electrnics simply are nt allwed.(在家里设置一些不允许使用电子产品的区域。)”可知，家长应预留无屏幕活动区域，调整孩子的屏幕时间。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ms. Rawsn, funder f the Screen Time Clinic, suggests creating blcks f time that mirrr thse f the schl day, arranging 30 t 50 minutes fr an activity, depending n the kid’s age, alng with a set lunchtime. Kids shuld have a say in deciding hw t fill the day’s time blcks.(屏幕时间诊所(Screen Time Clinic)的创始人罗森建议，根据孩子的年龄安排30到50分钟的活动时间，并在午餐时间安排好。孩子们应该对如何安排一天的时间有发言权。)”可知，对学校的课程表应该能够反映孩子们的个人需求。故选A。
B
Brian Schwartz became ne f the many t turn jbless under the epidemic. Fr Brian, the timing culd nt have been wrse. It was a stressful time between a wife carrying a baby, a dad battling brain cancer, and everything else ging n in the news.
Brian needed t d smething prductive and he turned t mw mwing lawns fr stress relief. “I just decided t create my wn gd news, really just as a time filler,” says Brian. He wanted t help neighbrs, just keeping himself busy mentally and physically. Brian ffered his lawnmwing service free t senirs and peple with disabilities in his cmmunity.
As wrd spread f his gd acts, the lcal media began picking up n the stry. The attentin gt Brian thinking. There was clearly a brader need fr what he was ffering. S he decided t launch a website, lanttmwyurlaen.cm, and a kindness mvement was brn. Pretty sn, Brian had a large crwd f clients needing thers t mw their lawns and an army f vlunteers, frm 18-year-lds in cllege t recent retirees. As news f his rganizatin spread, he als began t attract dnatins t help with perating csts, which encuraged him t turn the service int a nnprfit.
As the rganizatin has evlved (演变), Brian has expanded his fferings t include ther services like remving trees and clearing snw. But he believes the benefit f what his team des ges way beynd the practical. “We are nt nly prviding them with financial relief,” he says. “It’s mental and physical relief as well. And we’re hearing feedback nt nly directly frm the peple we’re helping, but als frm their neighbrs wh thank us fr helping make the cmmunity better. And I’m even receiving ccasinal letters frm peple that we might nt even help, but they might have just been at the time lking fr sme uplifting news.”
lwanttmuwyurlawn.cm has becme a passin. Nt least f all fr the benefits the kindness brings. “It stimulates my mind, my bdy and my sul just by helping thers,” he says. “It’s a really gd feeling. I feel like I’m ding smething that has sme meaning and purpse.”
14. What gt Brian int a bad situatin?
A Taking care f a baby.B. Being ut f wrk.
C. Fighting against cancer.D. Being reprted in news.
15. Why did Brian create the website?
A. T gain mre public attentin.
B. T prvide a wider range f services.
C. T raise dnatins fr peple in need.
D. T cllect news f kindness mvements.
16. What can we learn abut Brian’s rganizatin?
A. It puts frward plans n bettering the cmmunity.
B. It requires peple t give feedback n the fferings.
C. It reduces the unemplyment amng peple in need.
D. It gives peple spiritual supprt as well as direct help.
17. What can we cnclude frm this passage?
A. Gd things take time.B. Every mment matters.
C. We rise by lifting thers.D. Fame brings pprtunities.
【答案】14. B 15. B 16. D 17. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了布莱恩·施瓦茨(Brian Schwartz)成为疫情失业背景下，免费为社区的老年人和残疾人提供修剪草坪的服务，创办一个网站lanttmwyurlaen.cm帮助更多需要服务的人，既帮助了别人，也升华了自己。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Brian Schwartz became ne f the many t turn jbless under the epidemic.(布莱恩·施瓦茨(Brian Schwartz)成为疫情下失业的众多人之一。)”可知，失业使布莱恩陷入了困境。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“There was clearly a brader need fr what he was ffering. S he decided t launch a website, lanttmwyurlaen.cm,and a kindness mvement was brn.(显然，他所提供的东西有更广泛的需求。于是，他决定创办一个网站lanttmwyurlaen.cm，一场善意运动就此诞生)”可知，Brian创立网站是为了提供更广泛的服务。故选B。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段““We are nt nly prviding them with financial relief,” he says. “It’s mental and physical relief as well.”(“我们不仅为他们提供经济援助，”他说。“这是精神和身体上的放松。”)”可知，Brian的组织给人们精神上的支持以及直接的帮助。故选D。
【17题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“lwanttmuwyurlawn.cm has becme a passin. Nt least f all fr the benefits the kindness brings. “It stimulates my mind, my bdy and my sul just by helping thers,” he says. “It’s a really gd feeling. I feel like I’m ding smething that has sme meaning and purpse.”(Lwanttmuwyurlawn.cm已经成为一种激情。尤其是这种善意所带来的好处。“通过帮助他人，它刺激了我的思想、身体和灵魂。这种感觉真的很好。我觉得我做的事情是有意义和目的的。”)”可知，我们从文章中能得出我们通过帮助别人而得到升华。故选C。
C
Of the mre than 3,000 species f msquites in the wrld, just a small number specialize in sucking human bld. Hw msquites track us dwn s effectively isn’t currently knwn, but it matters, since they carry dangerus diseases which may cause death.
“In fact, stpping these annying insects in their tracks culd save up t half a millin lives lst t thse diseases each year,” said Carlyn Gauff, a prfessr f eclgy and evlutinary bilgy at the Princetn Neurscience Institute. That’s why Gauff’s team wants t understand hw they find and target humans.
Msquites mstly chse what t bite based n dr (气味). Knwing hw a ptentially disease-carrying msquit finds a persn, while ignring ther warm-blded animals, is a key questin. But it’s nt easy t answer, since any animal smell is made up f hundreds f chemicals mixed tgether in specific percentage. “The actual chemicals that are fund in human dr are basically the same as the chemicals fund in animal dr—it’s the percentages and the relative large amunt f thse substances in human mixtures that’s unique,” said Gauff.
T investigate, researchers decided t recrd neural activity in the brain f msquites while expsing them t natural human and animal dr samples. They cllected dr samples frm abut 40 different animals. When they cmpared sme f thse with the 16 human samples, smething jumped ut. Decanal is particularly rich in human skin. Cmmn in the natural wrld, in humans, decanal cmes frm anther, mre cmplex substance. When ne cmpnent f ur skin’s natural ils, sapienic acid, breaks dwn, decanal is left ver. This acid is nly fund in human beings. It’s what likely leads t the high levels f decanal that help the msquites smell their way t us.
Understanding what the msquites are targeting is nly part f the stry; knwing hw they d it is als imprtant. T see exactly hw msquites use this sense, scientists used genetically mdified (转基因的) msquites s that they culd cut pen msquites’ heads and watch neurns firing when they’re expsed t human and animal drs. The research team already knew that msquites have abut 60 different types f neurns that sense drs, s when they lked in the insects’ brains, they thught they might see a lt f activity. But it was surprisingly quiet, meaning that the signal was perhaps quite simple, dwn t just a cuple types f neurns. “One type f neurn respnded really strngly t bth humans and animals. Anther type f neurn respnded t bth—but it respnded much mre strngly t humans than animals,” Gauff said.
Hw t keep msquites’ decanal signal frm being transmitted will be the research team’s next fcus. Gauff hped their current wrk culd be used t make msquit killers and attractants t prevent disease.
18. What’s the final purpse f the research cnducted by Gauff’s team?
A. T study why nly certain msquites suck human bld.
B. T investigate the neural activity in msquites’ brains.
C. T help prevent deadly diseases caused by msquites.
D. T test the effectiveness f msquit killers.
19. T which substance(s) wuld msquites mstly be attracted?
A. Natural il frm human skin.
B. Chemicals in the envirnment.
C. Decanal generated in human bld.
D. Remains f decmpsed sapienic acid.
20. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Mst msquit neurns are nt invlved in respnding t human dr.
B. Genetically mdified msquites are nt sensitive t human dr.
C. Further research will fcus n dr signal and neural cnnectin.
D Chemicals fund in human and animal drs are quite different.
【答案】18. C 19. D 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一队研究人员想通过研究蚊子为什么叮咬某一类人，找到阻止它们叮咬人类的策略，预防文字叮咬引起的致命疾病。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段““In fact, stpping these annying insects in their tracks culd save up t half a millin lives lst t thse diseases each year,” said Carlyn Gauff, a prfessr f eclgy and evlutinary bilgy at the Princetn Neurscience Institute. That’s why Gauff’s team wants t understand hw they find and target humans. (普林斯顿神经科学研究所的生态学和进化生物学教授Carlyn Gauff说：“事实上，阻止这些烦人的蚊子在它们的轨道上活动，每年可以挽救多达50万人因这些疾病而丧生的生命。”这就是为什么Gauff的团队想要了解蚊子如何发现和瞄准人类的原因)”和最后一段中的“Gauff hped their current wrk culd be used t make msquit killers and attractants t prevent disease. (Gauff希望他们目前的工作可以用于制造灭蚊剂和引诱剂，以预防疾病)”可知，Gauff最终是想帮助预防蚊子引起的致命疾病（救人性命）才进行此项研究的。故选C项。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段中的“Decanal is particularly rich in human skin. (癸醛在人体皮肤中特别丰富)”和“When ne cmpnent f ur skin’s natural ils, sapienic acid, breaks dwn, decanal is left ver. This acid is nly fund in human beings. It’s what likely leads t the high levels f decanal that help the msquites smell their way t us. (当我们皮肤的天然油脂中的一种成分——智人酸分解时，就会剩下癸酸。这种酸只存在于人身上。这很可能导致高水平的癸醛，帮助蚊子嗅到它们的气味)”可知，癸酸是智人酸分解后的残留物，蚊子通过癸醛（智人酸分解后的残留物）找到人类，所以蚊子最喜欢癸醛（智人酸分解后的残留物）。故选D项。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“The research team already knew that msquites have abut 60 different types f neurns that sense drs, s when they lked in the insects’ brains, they thught they might see a lt f activity. But it was surprisingly quiet, meaning that the signal was perhaps quite simple, dwn t just a cuple types f neurns. “One type f neurn respnded really strngly t bth humans and animals. Anther type f neurn respnded t bth—but it respnded much mre strngly t humans than animals,” Gauff said. (研究团队已经知道，蚊子有大约60种不同类型的神经元来感知气味，所以当他们观察蚊子的大脑时，他们认为可能会看到很多活动。但蚊子的大脑出奇的安静，这意味着信号可能相当简单，仅限于几种类型的神经元。Gauff说：“一种神经元对人类和动物的气味反应非常强烈。另一种神经元同时对两者都有反应，但对人类气味的反应比动物气味的反应强烈得多。”)”可知，蚊子有大约60种不同类型的神经元来感知气味，但研究发现只有几种类型的神经元才会对人类和动物气味作出反应，可得出大多数蚊子神经元不参与对人类气味的反应。故选A项。
D
The start-up that attracted the largest investment in the histry f cybersecurity, f mre than half a billin dllars, has a simple gal: a passwrdless future.
Despite the spread f passwrd management sftware that can generate and remember cmplicated strings f randm characters, sme f the mst cmmn passwrds are still “12345”, “passwrd” and “ilveyu”. As a result, mre than 80 percent f hacks invlve these kinds f passwrds; and passwrds remain the mst sught-after data by hackers, abve ther persnal r sensitive infrmatin.
In many cases, individuals are tricked int handing ver passwrd details by phishing emails and ther scial engineering techniques. Hackers have sught t break int apps and steal entire passwrd databases as well. Passwrds are als under attack frm new technlgy, such as autmated prgrams that can rapidly try t guess them, r can try stlen passwrds n multiple nline accunts.
Since the need t replace the easily frgtten and highly hackable strings f letters and numbers that we use t access everyday life has becme even mre urgent, the race t replace the passwrd is under way, with bimetric-based (基于生物识别的) security emerging as ne f the mst sught-after slutins. Accrding t Tie, a unin f mre than 250 cmpanies, which prmtes a standard system f passwrdless authenticatin (身份验证), the vast majrity f cnsumer services will ffer passwrdless lgin systems in the next cuple f years. “If dne crrectly and safely, bimetrics are really helping us mve t a passwrdless future in a rapid manner,” said Andrew Jenkinsn, CEO f Tie.
But there are still risks assciated with the use f bimetric authenticatin. Unlike passwrds, bimetrics cannt be changed. This means such data must be clsely guarded fr privacy purpses and t prevent spfing—hackers trying t trick cameras r sensrs with phts, r masks f their victim. “Bimetric authenticatin and passwrdless authenticatin has its wn attack surface,” said Paul Smith, directr f security research at CyberPek. His team revealed that it had fund a design prblem which wuld allw ptential attackers t bypass facial recgnitin lgin by injecting a spfed pht f a user’s face int the prcess.
The biggest bstacle standing in the way f the start-ups hping t kill the passwrd is hw t change years f habit. Eric Brwn, funder f TAK Cyber, a cyber research and advisry cmpany, argued that while sensitive applicatins may rapidly shift frm passwrds, ther websites have less mtivatin t update their systems. “Yu’ll never get rid f them,” he said. “We’re never ging t get t the pst-passwrd era.”
21. What is the third paragraph mainly abut?
A. Why passwrds are the mst sught-after data.
B. Hw passwrds are stlen by phishing emails.
C. Hw passwrds have caused us truble.
D. Why passwrds are difficult t secure.
22. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. Facial recgnitin lgin is the key t fighting hackers.
B. Bimetric authenticatin has its wn set f prblems.
C. TAK Cyber’s lgin system guarantees the safety f data.
D. Spfing brings mre prblems than autmated prgrams.
23. What is Eric Brwn’s attitude twards a passwrdless future?
A. Indifferent.B. Passinate.C. Pessimistic.D. Objective.
24. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Bimetric authenticatin: passwrd security slutin!
B. Start-ups race t welcme a passwrdless future
C. The argument t end passwrds has begun
D. Killing the passwrd: a cure r a fantasy?
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了很多公司投入到无密码的研究中，但是其中还有许多问题需要解决。
【21题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中“In many cases, individuals are tricked int handing ver passwrd details by phishing emails and ther scial engineering techniques. Hackers have sught t break int apps and steal entire passwrd databases as well. Passwrds are als under attack frm new technlgy, such as autmated prgrams that can rapidly try t guess them, r can try stlen passwrds n multiple nline accunts.(在许多情况下，个人通过网络钓鱼邮件和其他社会工程技术被骗提供密码细节。黑客还试图侵入应用程序，窃取整个密码数据库。密码也受到新技术的攻击，比如自动程序可以快速猜测密码，或者在多个在线账户上尝试窃取密码)”可知，第三段主要讲为什么密码很难保护。故选D项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“But there are still risks assciated with the use f bimetric authenticatin. Unlike passwrds, bimetrics cannt be changed. This means such data must be clsely guarded fr privacy purpses and t prevent spfing—hackers trying t trick cameras r sensrs with phts, r masks f their victim. “Bimetric authenticatin and passwrdless authenticatin has its wn attack surface,” said Paul Smith, directr f security research at CyberPek. His team revealed that it had fund a design prblem which wuld allw ptential attackers t bypass facial recgnitin lgin by injecting a spfed pht f a user’s face int the prcess.(但使用生物特征认证仍然存在风险。与密码不同，生物识别是无法更改的。这意味着出于隐私的考虑，这些数据必须被严密保护，以防止黑客试图用受害者的照片或面具来欺骗摄像头或传感器。CyberPek安全研究主管保罗•史密斯（Paul Smith）表示:“生物特征认证和无密码认证都有自己的攻击面。”他的团队透露，他们发现了一个设计问题，即潜在的攻击者可以通过在登录过程中注入伪造的用户面部照片来绕过面部识别登录)”可知，生物识别认证有其自身的问题。故选B项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Eric Brwn, funder f TAK Cyber, a cyber research and advisry cmpany, argued that while sensitive applicatins may rapidly shift frm passwrds, ther websites have less mtivatin t update their systems. “Yu’ll never get rid f them,” he said. “We’re never ging t get t the pst-passwrd era.””(网络研究和咨询公司TAK Cyber的创始人埃里克•布朗（Eric Brwn）认为，尽管敏感应用程序可能很快就不再使用密码，但其他网站就没有动力更新它们的系统。“你永远也摆脱不了他们，”他说。“我们永远不会进入后密码时代。”)”可知，埃里克·布朗对无密码的未来并不看好，持悲观态度。故选C项。
【24题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The start-up that attracted the largest investment in the histry f cybersecurity, f mre than half a billin dllars, has a simple gal: a passwrdless future.(这家初创公司吸引了网络安全史上最大的投资，超过5亿美元，它的目标很简单:一个无密码的未来)”以及第四段“Since the need t replace the easily frgtten and highly hackable strings f letters and numbers that we use t access everyday life has becme even mre urgent, the race t replace the passwrd is under way, with bimetric-based security emerging as ne f the mst sught-after slutins.(由于替换我们用来访问日常生活的容易忘记且极易被黑客入侵的字母和数字字符串的需求变得更加迫切，替换密码的竞赛正在进行中，基于生物识别的安全技术成为最受欢迎的解决方案之一)”可知，本文主要讲很多公司都投入到无密码研究中，再根据倒数第二段中“But there are still risks assciated with the use f bimetric authenticatin. Unlike passwrds, bimetrics cannt be changed. This means such data must be clsely guarded fr privacy purpses and t prevent spfing—hackers trying t trick cameras r sensrs with phts, r masks f their victim.(但使用生物特征认证仍然存在风险。与密码不同，生物识别是无法更改的。这意味着出于隐私的考虑，这些数据必须被严密保护，以防止黑客试图用受害者的照片或面具来欺骗摄像头或传感器)”以及最后一段中“The biggest bstacle standing in the way f the start-ups hping t kill the passwrd is hw t change years f habit.(对于那些希望消灭密码的初创企业来说，最大的障碍是如何改变多年来的习惯)”可知，无密码研究中还存在许多问题，到底能不能达到，我们并不知道，所以D项“Killing the passwrd: a cure r a fantasy?(消除密码：治愈还是幻想？)”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。
第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What's in a name?
Sme wrds sund like what they mean. And they culd influence everything frm fictinal depictins f aliens t yur first impressin n a jb applicatin. But mst wrds have n apparent cnnectin t what they signify. As the linguist Steven Pinker puts it, we call a dg “dg” because everyne else des.____25____
That rule applies t mst wrds, but nt all. The wrds pp and murmur sund like they sund. Try t shut the wrd whisper. Weird, right? ____26____ It seems natural t assciate the names f large animals, fr example, with lw-pitched sunds: say, elephant, cmpared with muse. Pinker and thers argue that icnicity is rare in language, but plenty f psychlgists and linguists disagree.
Beynd the debates, there are far-reaching implicatins fr human interactin. ____27____ Peple assciate the “rund” sunds in peple's names with ne set f characteristics, and names featuring “sharp” sunds with a very different set. “Anne tends t he cnscientius, hardwrking and sensitive,” Penny Pexinan, a psychlgist at University f Canada says. “Kale is expected t the extrverted, less cnscientius, less hardwrking and less agreeable.”
Luckily, surveys suggest that the link exists nly in the mind f the persn making it. ____28____ “Yu culd cnstruct a little hint f an unlikely situatin where peple start t lk like their names ver time and maybe peple's persnalities start t match their names thrugh sme srt f cngruency. But we didn't find that.” Pexman says. “There's als n evidence that peple are basing their judgments n peple they met previusly.”
____29____ “We have vides f peple being interviewed fr jbs and we will manipulate the names f thse candidates befre thers evaluate them,” she says.
“What's in a name?” William Shakespeare asked us in Rme and Juliet. “That which we call a rse by any ther name wuld smell as sweet.” Well, perhaps nt.
A. It is generally believed that names define wh we are.
B. Peple lend t expect ne t have specific trails based n hw ne's name sunds.
C. English language has develped a rule f names reflecting peple s gd qualities.
D. It wuld verwhelm ur senses if every wrd we spke came with a deeper meaning.
E. Such terms shw sund icnicity, r a similarity between a wrd's frm and meaning.
F. There is n evidence that the Kates f the wrld are mre extrverted than the Antics.
G. Pexman will als examine hw peple's names culd affect their chances f being chsen after an interview.
【答案】25. D 26. E 27. B 28. F 29. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一个事物或人的名字的内在联系以及这些联系所产生的影响。
【25题详解】
根据上文“Sme wrds sund like what they mean. And they culd influence everything frm fictinal depictins f aliens t yur first impressin n a jb applicatin. But mst wrds have n apparent cnnectin t what they signify. As the linguist Steven Pinker puts it, we call a dg “dg” because everyne else des.(有些词听起来就像它们的意思。它们可能会影响你的一切，从虚构的外星人描述到你对工作申请的第一印象。但大多数单词与它们所表示的意思没有明显的联系。正如语言学家Steven Pinker所说，我们称狗为“狗”，是因为其他人都这么叫)”及下文“That rule applies t mst wrds, but nt all. The wrds pp and murmur sund like they sund. (这个规则适用于大多数单词，但不是全部。这些词砰的一声和喃喃的声音听起来就像它们听起来一样)”可知，大多数词语与它们的含义没有明显的联系。由此可知，D选项“如果我们说的每一个字都有更深的含义，我们的感官就会被淹没”能够承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
【26题详解】
根据上文“That rule applies t mst wrds, but nt all. The wrds pp and murmur sund like they sund. Try t shut the wrd whisper. Weird, right?(这条规则适用于大多数单词，但不是所有单词。这些词发出嗡嗡的声音，就像它们发出的声音一样。试着喊出“耳语”这个词。很奇怪，对吧？)”以及后文“It seems natural t assciate the names f large animals, fr example, with lw-pitched sunds: say, elephant, cmpared with muse. Pinker and thers argue that icnicity is rare in language, but plenty f psychlgists and linguists disagree.(把大型动物的名字和低沉的声音联系起来似乎是很自然的，比如，大象和老鼠的名字相比。Pinker和其他人认为，象似性在语言中是罕见的，但许多心理学家和语言学家不同意这种观点)”可知，后文提到了象似性在语言中是罕见的情况，可知本句承接上文解释说明“whisper”这个词的发音和它的含义相似的原因，E选项中icnicity对应后文中icnicity。故E选项“这样的术语表现出声音的象似性，或一个词的形式和意义之间的相似性”符合语境，故选E。
【27题详解】
根据上文“Beynd the debates, there are far-reaching implicatins fr human interactin.(除了这些争论，还有对人类互动深远影响)”以及后文“Peple assciate the “rund” sunds in peple's names with ne set f characteristics, and names featuring “sharp” sunds with a very different set. “Anne tends t the cnscientius, hardwrking and sensitive,” Penny Pexinan, a psychlgist at University f Canada says. “Kale is expected t the extrverted, less cnscientius, less hardwrking and less agreeable.”(人们把名字中的“圆”音与一组特征联系在一起，而把名字中的“尖锐”音与一组截然不同的特征联系在一起。加拿大大学的心理学家Penny Pexinan说:“Anne倾向于认真、勤奋、敏感。Kale通常适合性格外向、不那么认真、不那么勤奋、不那么讨人喜欢的人。”)”可知，后文的例子表明，人们会根据名字的发音来期待一个人有特定的品行。故B选项“人们会根据名字的发音来期待一个人有特定的踪迹”符合语境，故选B。
【28题详解】
根据上文“Luckily, surveys suggest that the link exists nly in the mind f the persn making it.(幸运的是，调查显示，这种联系只存在于制造这种联系的人的头脑中)”以及后文““Yu culd cnstruct a little hint f an unlikely situatin where peple start t lk like their names ver time and maybe peple's persnalities start t match their names thrugh sme srt f cngruency. But we didn't find that.” Pexman says. There's als n evidence that peple are basing their judgments n peple they met previusly.”(Pexman说：“你可以构建一个不太可能的情况，随着时间的推移，人们开始看起来像他们的名字，也许人们的性格开始通过某种一致性匹配他们的名字。但我们没有发现。也没有证据表明人们的判断是基于他们之前见过的人”)”可知，上文提到这种联系只存在于制造这种联系的人的头脑中，故本句承接上文，说明没有证据来证明这种联系，F选项中There's n evidence that对应后文中There's als n evidence that。故F选项“没有证据表明凯特家族的人比古怪家族的人更外向”符合语境，故选F。
【29题详解】
根据后文““We have vides f peple being interviewed fr jbs and we will manipulate the names f thse candidates befre thers evaluate them,” she says.(她说：“我们有人们面试的视频，我们会在其他人评估他们之前篡改这些候选人的名字。”)”可知，后文的引用表明Pexman在研究人们的名字如何影响他们的面试，G选项中interview对应后文中interviewed。故G选项“Pexman还将研究人们的名字如何影响他们在面试后被选中的机会”符合语境，故选G。
第Ⅱ卷
三、根据语境拼写单词(本大题共8小题，共8分)
30. Mre and mre peple are chsing t buy ________ vegetables t avid pesticides and chemicals. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】rganic##rganic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：越来越多的人选择购买有机蔬菜来避免农药和化学物质。空格处修饰名词vegetables，需填形容词；根据首字母“”及句意可知，此处为形容词rganic意为“有机的”。故填rganic。
31. Ambulances and fire trucks have p________ n the rad, s all ther vehicles must wait fr them t pass. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】pririty##ririty
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：救护车和消防车在道路上享有优先通行权，因此其他所有车辆都必须等待它们先行通过。根据单词首字母以及句意，可知用名词pririty“优先权”，作宾语，故填pririty。
32. After the knee surgery his r________ invlved weeks f careful physical treatment and rest. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】recvery##ecvery
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：膝盖手术后，他的康复过程包括数周精心的物理治疗和休息。根据单词首字母以及句意，可知用名词recvery，作主语，故填recvery。
33 Being a prfessinal c________ isn’t just abut telling jkes; it requires keen bservatin f life and the curage t face a smetimes silent audience. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】cmedian##median
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：成为一名专业的喜剧演员不仅仅是讲笑话，它还需要对生活敏锐的观察力，以及面对有时沉默的观众的勇气。根据首字母提示及句意可知，此处使用名词cmedian“喜剧演员”，由不定冠词a可知，应用名词单数形式，作表语。故填cmedian。
34. Mdern cities need t have well-equipped ________(医疗的) facilities t serve their ppulatins. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】medical
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：现代城市需要拥有设备齐全的医疗设施来服务其居民。根据汉语提示“医疗的”，以及下文名词facilities可知此处应填形容词medical作定语，故填 medical。
35. A healthy immune system helps yur bdy fight ________ (感染) effectively. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】infectins
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：健康的免疫系统帮助你的身体有效对抗感染。根据汉语提示“感染”可知，此处应填名词infectin，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式 infectins，作宾语。故填infectins。
36. T reduce carbn emissins, the gvernment has adpted a lng-term ________(策略) cmbining renewable energy prmtin and industrial upgrading. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】strategy
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：为了减少碳排放，政府采取了一项长期的策略，该策略将可再生能源的推广与产业升级相结合。根据汉语提示可知用名词strategy，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填strategy。
37. She accepted the teacher’s cnstructive ________ (批评) and used it t imprve her essay. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】criticism
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她接受了老师建设性的批评，并利用它来改进自己的文章。根据汉语提示及句意可知，此处使用名词criticism，不可数名词，作宾语。故填criticism。
四、选词填空：(本大题共6小题，共12分)
请根据语境选择词语，并用其恰当形式填空，每个词仅使用一次。
38. In the current phase f educatinal refrm, the new educatin plicy ________ great imprtance t the develpment f students’ critical thinking skills.
39. It tk me a while ________ all the cmplex theries and detailed data presented in the tw-hur lecture.
40. ________ her arms, she greeted the mrning sun with eyes clsed and a sft smile.
41. The cmmunity rganized a charity event ________ funds fr the lcal children’s hspital.
42. Hping t dminate the summer bx ffice, the studi ________ its big-budget new mvie next mnth.
43. In recent years, the yunger generatins ________ the cncept f a sustainable lifestyle.
【答案】38. attaches
39. t absrb
40. Stretching
41. t raise
42. will release
43. have embraced
【解析】
【38题详解】
考查固定短语和时态。句意：在当前的教育改革阶段，新的教育政策高度重视培养学生的批判性思维能力。根据great imprtance t可知，此处指“重视”，attach imprtance t为固定短语；句子描述客观政策内容，应用一般现在时，主语the new educatin plicy为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填attaches。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我花了一段时间才理解这个两小时讲座中所呈现的所有复杂理论和详细数据。根据all the cmplex theries and detailed data可知，此处指“理解；吸收”，absrb意为“理解；吸收”；It takes sb. sme time t d sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，此处应用动词不定式。故填t absrb。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她张开双臂，闭着眼睛，带着温柔的微笑迎接清晨的阳光。根据her arms可知，此处指“张开双臂”，stretch意为“伸展；张开”。分析句子结构，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，stretch与she之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Stretching。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该社区组织了一场慈善活动，为当地儿童医院筹集资金。根据funds可知，此处指“筹集”，raise意为“筹集；募集”。分析句子结构，此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填t raise。
【42题详解】
考查动词和时态。句意：为了抢占暑期票房，这家电影公司将于下月发行其耗资巨大的新片。根据its big-budget new mvie可知，此处指“发行”影片，release意为“发行；发布”。结合next mnth可知，句子应用一般将来时，结构为will + 动词原形。故填will release。
【43题详解】
考查动词和时态。句意：近年来，年轻一代已经欣然接受了可持续生活方式的理念。根据the cncept f a sustainable lifestyle可知，此处指“接受；信奉”，embrace意为“欣然接受；信奉”。结合In recent years可知，句子应用现在完成时，结构为have/has + 过去分词，主语the yunger generatins为复数，助动词用have，embrace的过去分词为embraced。故填have embraced。
五、语法填空：(本大题共9小题，共13.5分)
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Wetlands, ___44___ are lands cvered by water fr part r all f the year, are vital ecsystems that supprt diverse life, including ___45___ (endanger) species and migratry birds. They perfrm crucial functins: ___46___ (filter) pllutants and carbn frm the envirnment, preventing flds by absrbing excess water, and prviding fd like fish and rice. Hwever, many peple d nt realize that they are essential t the envirnment and wetlands face severe threats frm urban develpment and pllutin. Gvernments shuld take actin t prtect these areas and ___47___ individuals d is als imprtant fr the preservatin f these areas.
【答案】44. which；
45. endangered；
46. filtering；
47. what；
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了湿地的重要性、功能以及面临的威胁，并呼吁政府和个人采取行动保护湿地。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：湿地是指一年中部分或全部时间被水覆盖的土地，是支持多种生物的重要生态系统，包括濒危物种和候鸟。空白处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Wetlands，指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：湿地是指一年中部分或全部时间被水覆盖的土地，是支持多种生物的重要生态系统，包括濒危物种和候鸟。空白处作定语修饰名词species，表示“濒危的”，用形容词endangered作定语。故填endangered。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它们发挥着至关重要的作用：过滤环境中的污染物和碳，通过吸收多余的水来防止洪水，并提供鱼和稻米等食物。空白处表示列举，且与preventing和prviding并列，所以用现在分词形式。故填filtering。
【47题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：政府应该采取行动保护这些地区，而个人所做的对于这些地区的保护也很重要。空白处引导主语从句，在从句中作d的宾语，表示物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Pet psychlgy helps wners t understand pets’ emtins, like anxiety r happiness, thrugh their behavir. Fr example, dgs may chew furniture due t separatin anxiety, while cats need safe hiding spaces. Pets have scial needs: dgs learn frm interactins, and cats shw feelings ___48___ ear r tail mvements. Prper training and a ___49___(suit) envirnment supprt their emtinal health. Ultimately, pet psychlgy is abut empathy, seeing the wrld frm their perspective and building trust.
【答案】48. thrugh
49. suitable
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍宠物心理学的作用，即帮助主人通过宠物行为理解其情绪，促进情感健康与信任建立。
【48题详解】
考查介词。句意：宠物有社交需求：狗从互动中学习，而猫通过耳朵或尾巴的动作来表达情感。此处表示“通过某种方式”，用介词thrugh。故填thrugh。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：恰当的训练和适宜的环境有助于它们的情绪健康。此处修饰名词envirnment，用suit的形容词形式suitable，意为“适宜的”。故填suitable。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
An electric car has been seen taking ff and flying in a test and it culd change the future f travel. Last mnth, a cmpany ___50___ (fly) their vehicle, which rse straight up thrugh the air like a helicpter, successfully cmpleting a shrt flight ver anther parked car. While there ___51___ (be) ther test flights invlving flying cars in the past few years, this is the first time such an ___52___ (invent) has been seen lifting ff vertically (垂直地).
【答案】50. flew
51. have been
52. inventin
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一款电动汽车完成垂直起降试飞，该发明或改变未来出行方式，为首次实现此类垂直起飞。
【50题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：上个月，一家公司让他们的飞行器成功试飞，这款飞行器像直升机一样垂直升空，在另一辆停放的汽车上空完成了短距离飞行。根据时间状语Last mnth可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，fly的过去式为flew。故填flew。
【51题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去几年里，虽然也有其他涉及飞行汽车的试飞，但这是首次看到这样的发明实现垂直起飞。根据时间状语in the past few years可知，用现在完成时，there be句型中主语为ther test flights，是复数形式，所以助动词用have。故填have been。
【52题详解】
考查名词。句意：在过去几年里，虽然也有其他涉及飞行汽车的试飞，但这是首次看到这样的发明实现垂直起飞。此处位于不定冠词an之后，用invent的名词形式inventin，意为“发明”，为可数名词单数。故填inventin。
六、补全句子：请根据括号中所给中文提示填空，注意使用恰当形式(本大题共4小题，共16分)
53. 如果你决心追求卓越，就必须全身心投入到所做的事情中并把自己推向极限。
If yu decide t strive fr greatness, yu must ________ and ________.
【答案】 ①. devte yurself t what yu d ②. push yurself t the limit
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。第一空表示“全身心投入”短语为devte neself t，后跟宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，故用what，主语为yu，表示“做”用动词d；第二空表示“把自己推向极限”短语为push yurself t the limit。情态动词must后跟动词原形，and连接并列成分。故填①devte yurself t what yu d；②push yurself t the limit。
54. 每个人都可以在日常生活中尽自己的一份力为更绿色的生活做出贡献，比如使用可重复使用的购物袋以及对垃圾进行分类。
Everyne can ________ in daily practices, such as ________.
【答案】 ①. d their part t cntribute t a greener life ②. using reusable shpping bags and srting garbage
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。根据句意，第一空表示“尽自己的一份力为更绿色的生活做出贡献”，其中“尽某人的一份力做某事”为固定短语d ne’s part t d sth.，表示“为……做贡献”为动词短语cntribute t，everyne 对应的物主代词用their，位于情态动词之后，所以动词使用原形，第一空为d their part t cntribute t a greener life；第二空是such as后接的举例内容，such as 后接名词或动名词形式，表示“使用可重复使用的购物袋”译为using reusable shpping bags，“对垃圾进行分类”译为srting garbage，二者用and连接，符合句子的语义逻辑。故填①d their part t cntribute t a greener life；②using reusable shpping bags and srting garbage。
55. 要实现可持续成长，青少年应当学会为自己的选择承担责任并重视内在改变，而非仅仅责怪外部情况。
T achieve sustainable grwth, teenagers shuld learn ________ and emphasize internal change, instead f ________.
【答案】 ①. t take respnsibility fr their wn chices ②. merely blaming external circumstances
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。根据句意，第一空表示“为自己的选择承担责任”，其中表示“为……承担责任”为固定短语take respnsibility fr，learn t d sth是固定用法，意为“学会做某事”，所以此处使用动词不定式形式，表示“自己的选择”为their wn chices 作宾语，所以第一空为t take respnsibility fr their wn chices；第二空为“仅仅责怪外部情况”，其中表示“仅仅”译为 merely，表示“责怪外部情况”为 blame external circumstances，用在 instead f后，介词后接动名词形式。故填①t take respnsibility fr their wn chices；②merely blaming external circumstances。
56. 把成长型思维应用于日常生活至关重要，借助这一思维模式，我们更有可能将逆境视为进步的机会并保持有动力。
It is crucial ________, with which we are mre likely ________ and stay mtivated.
【答案】 ①. t apply a grwth mindset t daily life ②. t view adversity as pprtunities fr prgress
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和非谓语动词。第一空表示“应用于”用apply sth. t；表示“成长型思维”为a grwth mindset；表示“日常生活”为daily life，此处为不定式作真正主语；第二空表示“将……视为进步的机会”短语为view sth. as pprtunities fr prgress；表示“逆境”用名词adversity，上文为短语be likely t d sth.。故填①t apply a grwth mindset t daily life；②t view adversity as pprtunities fr prgress。
七、书面表达(共两节，27分)
第一节(共3小题;第57、58题各2分，第59题3分，共7分)
阅读表达
They say t find ut what yu really want, g back t when yu were a child.
When I was a kid, I really wanted t be a painter, but I was never great at it. I was discuraged, because in art classes my paintings were never the mst beautiful. In the third grade, we were given a prject t create a prtrait. I used the skills and tips we were all taught in class. After we were dne, we presented ur prtraits. We std in frnt f the class and explained ur technique. I remember lking at ther prtraits thinking, “We were given the same skills, why d theirs lk s prfessinal and mine lks s amateur?”
But I still really enjyed painting because it’s a frgiving art. If I dn’t like what I’ve put n paper, I can paint ver it. I can mix clrs and make new nes. Als, I can release sme creative juices, use what has inspired me and allw that t pur ut f me in a way I may nt have imagined.
But because I have always wanted t paint beautiful pictures, I just decided t change what beauty lked like. I changed what beauty meant t me.
Thrughut schl, they taught us abut Picass, van Ggh and da Vinci, and I never saw myself r my art in their wrks. These artists were always painting whatever was in frnt f them and arund them. But that’s nt what I saw arund me.
Then I learned abut Basquiat, wh inspired me t paint abstract pictures. I paint when I’m mved, and I am ften mved by what’s natural: emtins, nature, and ther frms f art. I am als very mved by pain. When there is pain in the wrld r in my heart, it can be unbearable. I had a cnversatin with an activist in St. Luis named Spk, and I explained t her this feeling and she tld me, “Pain is energy. Yu have t learn hw t channel that energy int smething prductive.” S smetimes I channel that pain int art, int a painting.
Even if the picture desn’t turn ut aesthetically (美学地) pleasing by sciety’s standards, it’s still beautiful that I was able t create smething. My paintings may nt be a Basquiat, but they’re mine, s I lve them anyway.
57. What did the authr find after the prtrait presentatin?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
58. What factrs mtivated the authr t keep his passin fr arts?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
59. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
The authr has always wanted t paint beautiful pictures, s he tried t meet sciety’s standards.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】57.
Other kids’ prtraits lked s prfessinal and but his lked s amateur.
58.
His childhd dream; His belief that paining is a frgiving art; The inspiratin he gt frm Basquiat; The fact that he culd channel pain int art.(列出至少两条)
59.
The authr has always wanted t paint beautiful pictures, s he tried t meet sciety's standards.
S he just decided t change what beauty lked like, and he changed what beauty meant t him.
S he changed what beauty lked like.
S he changed what beauty meant t him.
But he didn’t try t meet the sciety’s standards.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者儿时想当画家，虽因作品不被认可受挫，但因绘画的包容性、艺术家启发等坚持，重新定义美。
【57题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“After we were dne, we presented ur prtraits. We std in frnt f the class and explained ur technique. I remember lking at ther prtraits thinking, “We were given the same skills, why d theirs lk s prfessinal and mine lks s amateur?”(完成后，我们展示了我们的肖像。我们站在全班面前解释我们的技术。我记得看着其他肖像画时想，“我们被赋予了同样的技能，为什么他们的看起来如此专业，而我的看起来如此业余？”)”可知，展示肖像后，作者发现其他同学的肖像画看起来很专业，而自己的显得业余。故答案为Other kids’ prtraits lked s prfessinal and but his lked s amateur.
【58题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“When I was a kid, I really wanted t be a painter, but I was never great at it.(当我还是个孩子的时候，我真的很想成为一名画家，但我从来都不擅长)”、第三段“But I still really enjyed painting because it’s a frgiving art.(但我仍然很喜欢画画，因为这是一种宽容的艺术)”、第六段“Then I learned abut Basquiat, wh inspired me t paint abstract pictures. (然后我了解了巴斯奎特，他启发我画抽象画)”以及“S smetimes I channel that pain int art, int a painting.(所以有时我会将这种痛苦转化为艺术，转化为绘画)”可知，促使作者保持对绘画热情的因素包括：他儿时的梦想；他相信痛苦是一种宽容的艺术；他的灵感来自巴斯奎特；他能够将痛苦转化为艺术。故答案为His childhd dream; His belief that paining is a frgiving art; The inspiratin he gt frm Basquiat; The fact that he culd channel pain int art.(列出至少两条)
【59题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段“But because I have always wanted t paint beautiful pictures, I just decided t change what beauty lked like. I changed what beauty meant t me.(但因为我一直想画出美丽的画，所以我决定改变美丽的样子。我改变了美对我的意义)”以及最后一段“Even if the picture desn’t turn ut aesthetically (美学地) pleasing by sciety’s standards, it’s still beautiful that I was able t create smething. My paintings may nt be a Basquiat, but they’re mine, s I lve them anyway.(即使这幅画在美学上不符合社会标准，但我能够创造一些东西仍然很美。我的画可能不是巴斯奎特的，但它们是我的，所以无论如何我都喜欢它们)”可知，作者一直想画出漂亮的画，所以他决定改变美的样子，改变美对他意味着什么，但他没有试图达到社会的标准。即错误部分为s he tried t meet sciety’s standards。故答案为The authr has always wanted t paint beautiful pictures, s he tried t meet sciety's standards.
S he just decided t change what beauty lked like, and he changed what beauty meant t him.
S he changed what beauty lked like.
S he changed what beauty meant t him.
But he didn’t try t meet the sciety’s standards.
第二节(20分)
60. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你最近读完了外教Jim推荐的一本英文书，请你用英文给Jim写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表达感谢并分享读书收获;
2.交流后续英文书阅读计划。
注意：1.词数100左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Thank yu fr yur recmmendatin f the English nvel The Old Man and the Sea.
Having finished reading, I’ve harvested a lt. The tugh man wh fights against the big fish and sharks alne in the sea inspires me t brave frustratins in my life. And I have learned that we shuld stick t ur dreams n matter what hardships we may encunter.
The bk unflds a new wrld t me. Thus, I make a plan fr further reading. English nvels enlightening my mind will be included in my reading list. I intend t read ne bk a mnth. While reading, I will take dwn my understanding in time t gain mre beynd the lines.
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd give me mre recmmendatins.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生用英文给Jim写一封邮件，内容包括：1.表达感谢并分享读书收获；2.交流后续英文书阅读计划。
【详解】1.词汇积累
完成：finish→cmplete
激励某人做某事：inspire sb. t d sth.→encurage sb. t d sth.
坚持：stick t→persist in
感谢：appreciate→be grateful
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Thank yu fr yur recmmendatin f the English nvel The Old Man and the Sea.
拓展句：Thank yu fr yur recmmendatin f the English nvel whse name is The Old Man and the Sea.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
The tugh man wh fights against the big fish and sharks alne in the sea inspires me t brave frustratins in my life.(运用了wh引导限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]
And I have learned that we shuld stick t ur dreams n matter what hardships we may encunter.(运用了that引导宾语从句，n matter what引导让步状语从句)
absrb, attach, release, relevant, issue, stretch, raise, embrace