2026高考总复习优化设计二轮英语专题练习_文体分类练4　说明文之研究报告类（含解析）

这是一份2026高考总复习优化设计二轮英语专题练习_文体分类练4　说明文之研究报告类（含解析），共9页。试卷主要包含了What des Dr等内容，欢迎下载使用。
主题:人工智能影响购买意愿 词数:342
难度:★★★★☆限时:8分钟
A study published in the Jurnal f Hspitality Marketing & Management fund that describing a prduct as “AI-pwered” lwers a custmer’s intentin t buy it.
Researchers sampled participants acrss varius age grups and shwed them the same prducts — the nly difference between them was that ne was described as “high-tech” and the ther as “AI-pwered”.“In every single case,the intentin t buy r use the prduct r service was greatly lwer whenever we mentined AI in the prduct descriptin,” said Dgan Gursy,ne f the study’s authrs.
The study says tw kinds f trust play a part in cnsumers’ less-than-rsy perceptin f prducts that describe themselves as “AI-pwered”.The first kind,cgnitive(认知的) trust,has t d with the higher standard that peple hld AI t as a machine they expect t be free frm human errr.S,when AI des slip up,that trust can be quickly ruined.Fr example,peple criticized Ggle last year fr prviding cnfusing and even false infrmatin,pressuring the cmpany t walk back sme f the features’ capabilities.
In additin,limited knwledge and understanding abut the inner wrkings f AI frce cnsumers t fall back n emtinal trust and make their wn subjective judgments abut the technlgy.“One f the reasns is fear f the unknwn,” Gursy said.“Befre ChatGPT was intrduced,nt many peple had any ideas abut AI.” And the way AI is presented in pp culture,like Hllywd science fictin films where rbts appear as villains(反派主角),has a bigger impact n shaping public perceptin twards AI.Anther is the perceived risk arund AI—particularly with hw it handles users’ persnal data,accrding t Gursy.
Therefre,Gursy warns cmpanies against adding the “AI” label as an appealing wrd withut details n its capabilities.“The mst advisable thing fr them t d is t cme up with the right messaging,” he said.“Rather than simply putting ‘AI-pwered’ r ‘run by AI’,telling peple hw this can help them will ease cnsumers’ fear.”
1.What discvery was made by the study?
A.Cnsumers prefer AI prducts.
B.High-tech prducts are less ppular.
C.AI-described prducts attract fewer custmers.
D.AI-labeled prducts sell better with high-tech nes.
2.Why des cgnitive trust in AI break dwn easily?
A.AI ften fails basic tasks.
B.Peple think AI is less efficient.
C.AI is t cmplex t understand.
D.Peple expect perfectin frm AI.
3.What affects cnsumers’ emtinal trust in AI?
A.High service prices.
B.Limited prduct functins.
C.Slw technlgy develpment.
D.Insufficient AI peratin knwledge.
4.What are cmpanies advised t d?
A.Explain the benefits f AI.
B.Keep away frm AI usage.
C.Detail the prductin prcess.
D.Simplify “AI-pwered” labels.
Passage 2(2025湖北十堰三模)
主题:冰川退缩加剧 词数:364
难度:★★★★☆限时:8分钟
A new study has revealed the alarming extent glaciers have shrunk ver the past 40 years in a glbal warming ht spt fr the first time,and the biggest retreat(退缩) has ccurred in recent years.
The research,led by the University f Bristl,shws that the vast majrity f glaciers acrss Svalbard in the Arctic have been significantly shrinking.Findings revealed an area lss f mre than 800 km2 at the glacier bundaries in this Nrwegian grup f islands since 1985.The study als fund that mre than half f glaciers g thrugh seasnal cycles in glacier calving(崩解) when large blcks f ice break away due t higher cean and air temperatures.
C-authr Jnathan Bamber,Prfessr f Glacilgy at the University f Bristl,said,“Glacier calving is a prly mdelled and understd prcess that plays a crucial rle in the health f the glacier.Our study prvides valuable insights int what cntrls calving and hw it respnds t climate frcing in an area at the frntline f glbal warming.”
Lead authr Dr.Li,Senir Research Assciate at the University’s Glacilgy Centre,said,“The scale f glacier retreat ver the past few decades is astnishing,with ice lss nw affecting almst the entire Svalbard.This highlights the weakness f glaciers t climate change,especially in Svalbard,a regin experiencing rapid warming up t seven times faster than the glbal average.”
Using a nvel AI mdel,the research team analysed millins f satellite images capturing the end psitins f glaciers acrss the entire Svalbard.The findings prvide an unprecedented level f detail int the scale and nature f glacier lss in this regin.The biggest peak in glacier retreat was detected in 2016,when the calving rates were duble the average between 2010 and 2015,in respnse t extreme warming events.
“This was likely caused by a large-scale weather pattern called atmspheric blcking that can influence atmspheric pressures,” said Dr.Li.“With the increasing frequency f atmspheric blcking and nging reginal warming,future retreat f glaciers is expected t accelerate,resulting in greater glacier mass lss.This wuld change the cean circulatin and marine life envirnments in the Arctic.”
5.What is the authr’s intentin in writing paragraph 1?
A.T discuss the retreat f the glacier.
B.T present the authr’s pinin.
C.T explain the effect f ht spts.
D.T intrduce the study’s main findings.
6.What is scientists’ current understanding f glacier calving?
A.Precise. B.Extensive.
C.Limited.D.Cmprehensive.
7.What des Dr.Li’s statement imply abut the glaciers?
A.They will calve at a tp speed.
B.They may experience faster retreat.
C.They will remain at a fixed rate f retreat.
D.They may decrease because f little snw.
8.What is the text?
A.A research paper n glacier calving mechanics.
B.A news reprt n glacier retreat in Svalbard.
C.A summary f a climate change cnference.
D.An article abut the histry f glacilgy.
Passage 3(2025安徽合肥二模)
主题:表达感激的方式差异词数:318
难度:★★★★☆限时:7分钟
Amng wrld languages,English places perhaps the highest value n the expressins f thanks,especially in frmal and business settings.S it’s lgical that English speakers tend t cnflate the expressin f thankfulness with the feeling f thankfulness.If smebdy didn’t say “thanks”,we ften think they must nt have been very grateful.And yet,in English,“thank yu” gets used s frequently that it can easily start t feel habitual.
But d we say it as much as we think in ur casual interactins with family and friends?A new research paper titled Universals and Cultural Diversity in the Expressin f Thankfulness suggests that n,we d nt.
The research team behind the paper lked fr expressins f thankfulness in daily infrmal interactins acrss eight languages:English,Italian,Plish,Russian,La,Cha’palaa,Murrinhpatha,and Siwu.The findings suggest the universal way in which thankfulness is expressed is nt thrugh giving thanks,but rather thrugh participatin in a scial agreement in which mutual(相互的) assistance and wrking tgether are the nrm.In fact,the practice f giving thanks seems t have little impact n the practice f mutual exchange.
The practice f giving thanks als varies culturally.In India,fr example,peple — especially when they are yur elders,relatives,r clse friends — tend t feel that by thanking them,yu’re weakening yur clseness with them and creating frmality and distance that shuldn’t exist!In cntrast,in England,expressing thankfulness thrugh wrds is seen as a psitive strengthening f relatinships,prmting gdwill and cnnectin.
Nick Enfield,lead researcher f the study,suggests that mst f the 6,000 t 7,000 wrld languages dn’t have a wrd fr “thank yu”.“When we cnsider the negative effects f thanking clse relatins alngside the fact that many languages are spken in very small cmmunities where speakers are likely t knw each ther,that claim starts t feel quite reasnable.”
9.What des the underlined wrd “cnflate” in paragraph 1 mean?
A.Cmpare. B.Replace.
C.Figure ut.D.Mix up.
10.Hw d peple express thankfulness universally accrding t the study?
A.By saying thanks directly.
B.By making scial agreements.
C.By using bdy language.
D.By helping and cperating.
11.Hw d Indians view the practice f giving thanks t relatives?
A.It weakens their bnd.
B.It reduces their scial distance.
C.It enhances their cnnectin.
D.It prmtes their mutual trust.
12.What des Nick Enfield imply in the last paragraph?
A.Many cultures d nt emphasize thankfulness.
B.Thankfulness might nt be expressed in wrds.
C.Small cmmunities prefer t thank clse friends.
D.The negative effects f thanking shuld be avided.
答案：
Passage 1
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究发现,在产品描述中提及人工智能(AI)会显著降低消费者的购买意愿,并分析了消费者对AI产品信任度较低的原因,以及专家对企业的建议。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段“A study published in the Jurnal f Hspitality Marketing & Management fund that describing a prduct as ‘AI-pwered’ lwers a custmer’s intentin t buy it.”可知,这项研究发现被描述为人工智能的产品吸引的顾客更少。
2.D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The first kind,cgnitive (认知的) trust,has t d with the higher standard that peple hld AI t as a machine they expect t be free frm human errr.S,when AI des slip up,that trust can be quickly ruined.”可推知,人们对人工智能的认知信任容易破裂是因为人们对人工智能的期望很高。
易错点拨:本题易错选C项。虽然第四段中提到消费者对AI的内部运作缺乏了解(“limited knwledge and understanding abut the inner wrkings f AI”),但这属于情感信任(emtinal trust)的范畴,而非认知信任(cgnitive trust)。认知信任的崩溃是因为人们对AI的完美性期望(“higher frm human errr”)与实际错误之间的矛盾,与“复杂性”无关。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In additin,limited knwledge and understanding abut the inner wrkings f AI frce cnsumers t fall back n emtinal trust and make their wn subjective judgments abut the technlgy.”可知,消费者对人工智能操作知识的不足影响了他们对人工智能的情感信任。
4.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“telling peple hw this can help them will ease cnsumers’ fear”可知,企业被建议解释人工智能带来的好处。
提分干货
Passage 2
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究揭示了斯瓦尔巴群岛的冰川在过去40年里显著退缩,近年退缩加剧,未来或加速,影响深远。
5.D 推理判断题。根据第一段“A new study has revealed the alarming extent glaciers have shrunk(缩小) ver the past 40 years in a glbal warming ht spt fr the first time,and the biggest retreat (退缩) has ccurred in recent years.”可知,第一段主要介绍了这项研究的主要发现,即冰川在过去40年缩小的程度以及近年来退缩最为严重。
6.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Glacier calving is a prly mdelled and understd prcess that plays a crucial rle in the health f the glacier.”可知,科学家们目前对冰川崩解的理解是有限的。
7.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“With the increasing frequency f atmspheric blcking and nging reginal warming,future retreat f glaciers is expected t accelerate,resulting in greater glacier mass lss.”可知,李博士的话暗示了冰川可能会经历更快的退缩。
8.B 推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述了一项由布里斯托大学领导的研究,揭示了北极地区斯瓦尔巴群岛的冰川在过去40年里的退缩情况,包括退缩的程度、冰川崩解的情况以及未来的趋势等。所以B项“A news reprt n glacier retreat in Svalbard”符合文章内容。
易错点拨:本题易错选A项。虽然文中提到冰川崩解(glacier calving)及其与气候的关系(如第三段),但这只是研究发现的一部分内容,而非全文核心。文章主体是报道斯瓦尔巴群岛冰川退缩的整体情况(如面积减少、退缩速度、气候影响等),并引用多位研究人员的观点,符合新闻报告(news reprt)的特征。A项过于聚焦局部细节,忽略了文章的综合性。
提分干货
Passage 3
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现不同文化表达感激的方式有差异,很多语言甚至无“谢谢”一词,且普遍靠互助合作表达感激。
9.D 词句猜测题。根据第一段第二句“S it’s lgical that English speakers tend t cnflate the expressin f thankfulness with the feeling f thankfulness.”以及下一句“If smebdy didn’t say ‘thanks’,we ften think they must nt have been very grateful.”可知,英语使用者常把说“谢谢”这种表达感激的方式和内心真正的感激之情弄混了。cnflate的意思是“混淆;混为一谈”,与Mix up(混淆)意思相符。
易错点拨:本题易错选A项。虽然cmpare(比较)看似合理,但原文语境强调英语使用者倾向于将“表达感谢”与“内心感激”混为一谈(即认为不说“谢谢”=不感激),而非单纯比较两者。因此,cmpare未能准确体现这种模糊界限、等同看待的语义。
10.D 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The findings suggest the universal way in which thankfulness is expressed is nt thrugh giving thanks,but rather thrugh participatin in a scial agreement in which mutual (相互的) assistance and wrking tgether are the nrm.”可知,表达感激的普遍方式是通过相互帮助和合作。
11.A 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“In India,fr example,peple—especially when they are yur elders,relatives,r clse friends—tend t feel that by thanking them,yu’re weakening yur clseness with them and creating frmality and distance that shuldn’t exist!”可知,印度人认为向亲戚表达感谢会削弱他们之间的联系。
12.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,尼克·恩菲尔德暗示,很多语言中没有“谢谢”这个词,结合上文提到不同文化中表达感谢的方式不同,可推断出感激之情可能不是通过语言来表达的。
提分干货
高频
词汇
1.intentin n.意图 2.ruin vt.毁坏
3.cnfusing adj.令人困惑的4.false adj.虚假的
5.subjective adj.主观的
熟词
生义
sample (生)v.对……作抽样调查 (熟) n.样本
重点
短语
把……描述成……
2.frce sb t d sth 迫使某人做某事
3.warn sb against ding sth 警告某人不要做某事
4.cme up with提出,想出
难句
分析
The first kind,cgnitive (认知的) trust,has t d with the higher standard that peple hld AI t as a machine they expect t be free frm human errr.
分析:本句为主从复合句。that peple hld AI t为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词standard;they expect t be free frm human errr为省略关系词that/which的定语从句,修饰先行词machine。
译文:第一种是认知信任,源于人们以更高标准要求AI——作为一种机器,它理应避免人类错误。
高频
词汇
1.alarming adj.令人恐慌的;令人担忧的
2.extent n.程度
3.shrink v.缩小
4.crucial adj.至关重要的;关键性的
5.accelerate vi. 加速
重点
短语
1.g thrugh 经历;遭受
2.break away 脱离
3.in respnse t 作为对……的回应
4.result in导致
难句
分析
The study als fund that mre than half f glaciers g thrugh seasnal cycles in glacier calving(崩解) when large blcks f ice break away due t higher cean and air temperatures.
分析:本句为主从复合句,that引导的是宾语从句,when large blcks f ice break away为when引导的时间状语从句。
译文:该研究还发现,当大块的冰由于海洋和空气温度升高而崩解时超过一半的冰川在冰川崩解中经历了季节性循环。
高频
词汇
1.lgical adj.合乎逻辑的
2.casual adj.随便的;非正式的
3.interactin n.相互作用;交流
4.claim n.声称;断言
重点
短语
1.tend t d sth 倾向于做某事
2.in cntrast 相比之下
把……看作……
难句
分析
The findings suggest the universal way in which thankfulness is expressed is nt thrugh giving thanks,but rather thrugh participatin in a scial agreement in which mutual (相互的) assistance and wrking tgether are the nrm.
分析:本句为主从复合句。in which thankfulness is expressed和in which mutual (相互的) assistance and wrking tgether are the nrm均为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,分别修饰先行词way和agreement。
译文:研究发现,表达感激的普遍方式并非通过口头致谢,而是通过参与一种以互助协作为常态的社会契约。