高考语法填空练习-非谓语专项练习-2026届高三英语二轮复习专项
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这是一份高考语法填空练习-非谓语专项练习-2026届高三英语二轮复习专项,共23页。
形式与判断:
Ding...,主语+谓语。(表主动、进行、伴随)
Hearing the news,she jumped with jy.(主动)
Dne...,主语+谓语。(表被动、完成)
Seen frm the hill,the city lks beautiful.(被动)
Having dne...,主语+谓语。(表主动、完成)
Having finished his hmewrk,he went ut.(主动且完成)
Having been dne...,主语+谓语。(表被动、完成)
Having been tld many times,he finally understd.(被动且完成)
T d...,主语+谓语。(表目的、结果)
T catch the early bus,he gt up at 6.(目的)
主语+系动词+形容词+t d sth.
Tm felt amazed t see the bx.
being +dne,主语+谓语 (表被动、强调同时进行)
Being asked a difficult questin, the interviewee paused fr a mment t think.
【趁热打铁】
基础巩固与辨析
一、 单项选择 (在四个选项中,选出可填入空白处的最佳答案。)
1. ______ frm the hill, the small village lks peaceful and beautiful.
A. Seeing B. Seen C. Having seen D. T see
2. ______ the difficult questin fr a while, the student finally gt the answer.
A. Thinking B. Thught C. Having thught D. T think
3. ______ many times, the imprtance f the rule is still ignred by sme.
A. Having explained B. Explained C. Having been explained D. Explaining
4. ______ the final exam, he is making full use f every minute t review.
A. Pass B. Passing C. Having passed D. T pass
5. ______ in a remte village, he had few pprtunities t receive frmal educatin.
A. Brn and raised B. Being brn and raised C. Having brn D. T be brn
二、 句型转换 (根据要求改写句子,保持句意基本不变。)
1.Because he was deeply mved by the mvie,he culdn't help crying.
→______by the mvie,he culdn't help crying.
2.After she had cllected enugh evidence,she presented her reprt.
→______enugh evidence,she presented her reprt.
3、Because he was encuraged by his teacher,he wrked even harder.
→______by his teacher,he wrked even harder.
4,After he had graduated frm cllege,he went abrad fr further study.
→______frm cllege,he went abrad fr further study.
5.If yu are given anther chance,yu will surely succeed.
→______anther chance,yu will surely succeed.
6.When he heard the news,he jumped with jy.
→______the news,he jumped with jy.
7.He gt up early s that he culd catch the first bus.
→He gt up early______the first bus.
8.Having been tld the truth,she felt relieved.
→______she had been tld the truth,she felt relieved.
9.Because he wanted t imprve his English,he jined an English club.
→______his English,he jined an English club.
10.When he arrived at the statin,he fund the train had left.
→______at the statin,he fund the train had left.
三、在空白处填入括号内动词的正确形式。
1.______(see)the teacher entering the classrm,the students stpped talking immediately.
2.______(cmplete)the prject ahead f time,the team received high praise frm the manager.
3.______(nt receive)any reply,she decided t make a phne call.
4.The ld temple,______(build)500 years ag,is still in gd cnditin.
5.______(face)with s many difficulties,they didn't give up.
6.______(wrk)as a vlunteer in the hspital,he learned the value f life.
7.The sun______(set),we decided t return hme.
8.______(warn)abut the pssible dangers,they still went hiking in the muntains.
9.______(imprve)his English,he reads China Daily every day.
10.The prblem______(discuss)nw is f great imprtance.
11.______(wrk)as a vlunteer in the cmmunity fr tw years,Mark gained valuable experience.
12.______(face)with a difficult chice,Mary asked her parents fr advice.
13.______(nt receive)any reply,I decided t send anther email.
14.The ld man sat in the chair,______(read)a newspaper.
15.______(cmplete)the prject n time,the team wrked day and night.
四、 翻译句子。
① 从窗户望出去,我发现花园被雪覆盖着。
_________________________________________________________
② 为了赶上第一班公共汽车,我哥哥今天早上起得很早。
_________________________________________________________
③ 由于没有完成项目,他不得不工作到深夜。
_________________________________________________________
④ 如果给我更多的时间,我相信任务会完成得更好。
_________________________________________________________
⑤ 在雨中走了一个小时,她全身都湿透了。
_________________________________________________________
五、篇章综合应用
(一)(2023年高考真题改编)
______ (grw) up in a small village, Li Hua had few pprtunities t experience mdern city life. Hwever,______ (inspire) by his father, a farmer wh valued educatin, he studied very hard. ______ (win) a schlarship, he was able t attend a key high schl in the city. ______ (face) with the challenges f city life, he never cmplained. Instead, ______ (determine) t make the mst f this pprtunity, he spent mst f his time in the library. ______ (imprve) his English, he gt up at 5 a.m. every day t practice. ______ (nt knw) hw t use a cmputer at first, he asked his classmates fr help patiently. ______ (see) his prgress, his teachers all felt prud. Nw, ______ (admit) t a tp university, he cntinues t wrk hard, ______ (realize) that educatin is the key t changing his fate.
(二)
My grandfather, 1. ______ (retire) fr ten years, has develped a new hbby—gardening. 2. ______ (find) it relaxing, he spends mst f his mrnings in the backyard. 3. ______ (water) the plants and 4. ______ (remve) the weeds, he feels a great sense f accmplishment. 5. ______ (inspire) by his passin, ur whle family started t grw vegetables tgether last spring. 6. ______ (eat) the fresh tmates we grew urselves was truly delightful.
(三)
My experience f learning painting (1) ______ (begin) three years ag. (2) ______ (encurage) by my art teacher, I entered a lcal cmpetitin. (3) ______ (prepare) fr the cmpetitin, I practiced fr at least fur hurs every day. (4) ______ (paint) in the studi late int the night became nrmal fr me. (5) ______ (give) nly ne mnth t prepare, I had t manage my time efficiently.
The day f the cmpetitin finally arrived. (6) ______ (stand) in frnt f my painting, I felt nervus but excited. (7) ______ (judge) by a panel f prfessinal artists, each wrk received careful attentin. (8) ______ (nt expect) t win any prize, I was just happy t participate.
______ (hear) my name annunced as the secnd prize winner, I culdn't believe my ears. (10) ______ (receive) this award has mtivated me t cntinue pursuing art.
第二部分 非谓语动词作定语(高频考)
功能:修饰限制名词,一般后置
形式与判断:
Ding+名词 :swimming pl
dne+名词:biled water
名词+ding(主动/进行):a by reading a bk(一个正在读书的男孩)
名词+t d(将来/主动):a meeting t be held tmrrw(一场明天将要举行的会议)
名词+dne(被动/完成):a bk written by Lu Xun(一本鲁迅写的书)
1. 作定语黄金法则
• 主动、进行用ding:the by playing utside
• 被动、完成用dne:the bk written by Lu Xun
• 将来、目的用t d:smething t eat
• 被动、进行用being dne:the rad being repaired
• 将来被动用 t be dne : a prblem t be discussed
【趁热打铁】
一、基础选择(判断正确形式)
1. The prblem ______ at yesterday's meeting is very imprtant.
A. discussing B. discussed C. t discuss D. being discussed
2. I need a rm ______ in.
A. t live B. living C. lived D. t be lived
3. The girl ______ under the tree is my sister.
A. std B. stands C. standing D. is standing
4. There are many peple ______ t buy tickets fr the cncert.
A. wait B. waited C. waiting D. are waiting
5. The first textbk ______ fr teaching English came ut in the 16th century.
A. writing B. written C. t write D. t be written
二、句式转换(定语从句 ↔ 非谓语定语)
1. The man wh is sitting by the windw is ur English teacher.
→ The man ______ by the windw is ur English teacher.
2. The letter that was written in pencil is difficult t read.
→ The letter ______ in pencil is difficult t read.
3. I have smething imprtant that I must d.
→ I have smething imprtant ______.
4. The building which is being built will be the highest in ur city.
→ The building ______ will be the highest in ur city.
5. Thse wh wish t jin the club shuld sign here.
→ Thse ______ shuld sign here.
三、综合填空
1. The prblem ______ (discuss) nw is abut envirnmental prtectin.
2. D yu knw the by ______ (lie) under the tree?
3. Is this the best way ______ (slve) the prblem?
4. The pwer statin ______ (build) last year has begun t wrk.
5. The questins ______ (ask) at the interview were very difficult.
四、易混辨析专项
比较以下三组:
1. a. the changing wrld (正在变化的世界)
b. the changed wrld (已经改变的世界)
c. the wrld t be changed (将要改变的世界)
2. a. the biling water (正在沸腾的水)
b. the biled water (烧开过的水)
c. water t bil (将要烧的水)
3. a. a develping cuntry (发展中国家)
b. a develped cuntry (发达国家)
五、语境选择
1. We need ______ water t make tea.
A. biling B. biled C. t bil
2. The ______ situatin requires immediate actin.
A. wrsening B. wrsened C. t wrsen
3. The plan ______ at the meeting is practical.
A. prpsing B. prpsed C. t prpse
六、真题演练。
1. Behind the simple style, hwever is a serius message ____ (intend) fr everyne.
2. Tanya‘s shp ffers fashin clthes fr wmen ____ (rent) rather than purchase them utright, prviding a less expensive ____ (slve) t ne-time event dressing.
3. The latest ____ (engineer) techniques are applied t create this prtective ____ (functin) structure that is als beautiful.
4. Grwing up, my family and ur neighbrs never used cltheslines t dry clthing, denying me the chance ____ (discver) ne f the great wnders f sunshine—the sweet ”sunshine scent“ after sunning clthes fr an entire day.
5. If yu‘ve never experienced the ”sunshine scent“ frm a sheet r shirt ____ (leave) t sun fr a day, well, yu‘re missing ut n ne f life’s wnders.
6. Over the last tw years, sme supermarkets ____ (start) selling chicken r salad in packs ____ (design) with tw halves cntaining separate prtins.
7. Shanghai may be the ____ (recgnize) hme f the sup dumpling, but fd histrians will actually pint yu t the ____ (neighbur) canal twn f Nanxiang as Xialngba‘s birthplace.
8.They talk t the fld f internatinal turists and t ________(visit) Chinese z keepers wh ften came t check n the pandas, which are n lan frm China.
模拟演练。非谓语动词(后置定语)专项练习
1. The prblem _____ (discuss) at tmrrw’s meeting is abut envirnmental prtectin, and all members are requested t attend.
2. During the lecture, the prfessr intrduced a new thery ____ (develp) by his team, which challenges sme traditinal views.
3. The first textbk ____ (write) specifically fr this curse will be published next mnth.
4. On the table lay several ancient vases ____ (unearth) frm the ruins, each telling a stry f the past.
5. She shwed me the list f candidates ____ (interview) fr the psitin next week, and my name was n it.
6. The bridge ____ (build) ver the river nw is expected t ease traffic cngestin significantly upn cmpletin.
7. There are still many difficulties and challenges ____ (vercme) n ur way t achieving the final gal.
8. The huse ____ (renvate) by the famus architect last year has wn several design awards.
9. The nly persn ____ (knw) the full truth abut the incident has decided t remain silent.
10. Have yu read the reprt ____ (prepare) by the cmmittee? It cntains sme startling findings.
第三部分 非谓语动词作宾语/补语/表语
【宾语】非谓语动词做宾语:看动词、三选一
只接t d 的动词
•这类动词多表达“意愿、计划、承诺”
•高频动词:想要希望答应,决定设法承诺
必须接ing 的动词与短语
•这类动词多表达“避免、享受、完成、建议”等。
•高频动词:介意错过享受建议练习完成避免冒险承认逃避想象抵抗
接两意义基本相同: begin,start,like,lve
接两意义完全不同(stp/remember/frget/mean/try/g n/regret)
核心区分点:t d 还未做可能即将发生 ding 表动作正在发生或已经发生)
【注意积累】主语 (通常是物) + need/want/require/deserve + ding (动名词)=主语 + need/want/require/deserve + t be dne (被动不定式)
【补语】非谓语动词作补足语
感官动词+宾语+宾语补足语
高频动词:五看三听两感觉一注意一发现
核心区别:d 动作全过程;ding 动作正在进行(片段);dne动作被动完成。
使役动词(让使帮助)(主动加动原;被动加dne)
make sth dne / have sb.dne
其他动词+宾语+t d
高频动词:ask, tell, want, wish, like, hate, expect, encurage, advise, allw, permit, frbid, rder, frce
其他动词+宾语+ding
•句型:leave/find/keep+sb.+ding(使某人一直做某事/处于做某事的状态)。
【表语】表语
• 动名词作表语:说明主语内容,常可与主语互换位置。
例:His jb is teaching English.
• 不定式作表语:表示具体动作或将来的意义,常与主语同位。
例:Her dream is t becme a dctr.
• 分词作表语:现在分词表“令人……的”,过去分词表“感到……的”。
例:The news is exciting. / We are excited.
【趁热打铁】
一、单项选择。
1. He prmised ______ me when he arrived in Beijing.
A. call B. calling C. t call D. called
2. The prblem is wrth ______ carefully.
A. discuss B. discussing C. t discuss D. being discussed
3. I saw the little by ______ acrss the street just nw.
A. run B. t run C. running D. ran
4. Dn't frget ______ the windws befre leaving the classrm.
A. clse B. clsing C. t clse D. clsed
5. The cmputer needs ______. It desn't wrk prperly.
A. repair B. repairing C. t repair D. repaired
6. I can't help ______ when I heard the funny stry.
A. laugh B. laughing C. t laugh D. laughed
7. Yu shuld get yur hmewrk ______ befre 9 'clck.
A. finish B. finishing C. finished D. t finish
8. I remember ______ the dr, but nw it's pen.
A. lck B. lcking C. t lck D. lcked
9. They went n ______ until midnight.
A. wrk B. wrking C. t wrk D. wrked
10. My jb is ______ English t the children.
A. teach B. teaching C. t teach D. taught
11. I tried ______ the windw, but it was still ht in the rm.
A. pen B. pening C. t pen D. pened
12. The rm is t dirty. It requires ______ immediately.
A. clean B. cleaning C. t clean D. cleaned
13. We lk frward t ______ frm yu sn.
A. hear B. hearing C. heard D. be heard
14. The teacher made the students ______ the text three times.
A. read B. t read C. reading D. reads
15. She regretted ______ her parents' advice.
A. nt take B. nt taking C. nt t take D. nt taken
16. The flwers need ______. They are dying.
A. water B. watering C. t water D. watered
17. I heard smene ______ utside my rm last night.
A. knck B. kncking C. t knck D. kncked
18. The film is reprted ______ next mnth.
A. release B. releasing C. t be released D. being released
19. She stpped ______ t me when she saw me.
A. talk B. talking C. t talk D. talked
20. The questin is t difficult ______.
A. answer B. answering C. t answer D. answered
二、语法填空 (A层)
1. I happened ______ (meet) my ld friend n the way hme yesterday.
2. After finishing his hmewrk, he went n ______ (watch) TV.
3. Dn't risk ______ (lse) yur jb fr such a small mistake.
4. The machine wants ______ (check) befre use.
5. She was seen ______ (enter) the building at 8 p.m.
6. The bk is said ______ (translate) int many languages.
7. I'll have my car ______ (repair) tmrrw.
8. He pretended ______ (sleep) when I entered the rm.
9. We can't affrd ______ (buy) such an expensive car.
10. I fund the dr ______ (lck) when I came back.
三、语法填空。(B层)
1. The manager asked me ______ (attend) the meeting n his behalf, as he had anther urgent matter ______ (handle).
2. When I entered the rm, I nticed the windw ______ (break) and sme valuable items ______ (miss) frm the cabinet.
3. The child was last seen ______ (play) near the riverbank, which made his parents extremely wrried ______ (find) him.
4. Having finished his hmewrk, Tm went n ______ (practice) the pian, hping ______ (imprve) his skills befre the cmpetitin.
5. The prject, riginally planned ______ (cmplete) by June, needs ______ (extend) fr anther tw mnths due t unexpected difficulties.
6. The teacher had the students ______ (read) the passage alud and then asked them ______ (underline) the key sentences.
7. Many peple cnsider traveling abrad ______ (be) an effective way ______ (braden) ne's hrizns.
8. The ld man was bserved ______ (feed) the birds in the park every mrning, a habit he had kept fr ver twenty years.
9. The huse wants ______ (paint) befre the rainy seasn cmes, but we can't affrd ______ (hire) prfessinal wrkers.
10. I'll never frget ______ (visit) the Great Wall fr the first time—the magnificent view is definitely wrth ______ (see) with ne's wn eyes.
11. The film is reprted ______ (win) several internatinal awards, which makes it wrth ______ (watch) a secnd time.
12. We appreciate yur ______ (invite) us t the party, and we lk frward t ______ (meet) yu there next Saturday.
13. The machine requires ______ (check) regularly, and we'd better have it ______ (examine) by an expert next week.
14. The by pretended ______ (d) his hmewrk when his mther came in, but actually he was playing vide games.
15. I regret ______ (infrm) yu that yur applicatin has been rejected, but I suggest ______ (try) again next year.
16. The prblem is t cmplicated ______ (slve) within such a shrt time, s we need mre experts ______ (help) with it.
17. When I passed by his ffice, I heard him ______ (argue) with smene n the phne abut the delayed delivery.
18. The gvernment is taking measures ______ (prevent) the disease frm ______ (spread) t ther areas.
19. Having been warned abut the pssible risks, he still decided ______ (invest) all his savings in the prject, nly ______ (lse) everything in the end.
20. The bk is said ______ (translate) int mre than thirty languages, ______ (make) it ne f the mst widely read nvels in the wrld.
四、高考真题
1. I really want _________(make)this wrk fr peple’s lives tday, and I knw that desn’t always mean _________(return)a dress n the Mnday after a special weekend.
2. Nanxiang aside, the best Xialngba have a fine skin, allwing them ________(lift) ut f the steamer basket withut tearing r spilling any f their cntents.
3. N matter where I buy them, ne steamer basket is rarely enugh, yet tw seems great, s I am always left ________(want)mre next time.
4. Althugh parks f all sizes and types exist at any level, the natinal parks, in particular, tend _____(catch)ur attentin because f their large size and variety.
5. “We hpe _______(present)the rather abstract G game and AI in a visual cntext, and initiate dialgues with minimalist art, cnceptual art and expressinism.”
第四部分:非谓语动词作主语
①作主语选择原则
• 泛指、习惯用ding:Swimming is my hbby.
• 具体、特指用t d:T swim here is dangerus.
• 句型决定:
◦ It's + adj. + (fr sb) + t d
◦ It's n use/gd/fun ding
◦ There's n ding (不可能)
②. 易错点警示
• 不定式作定语通常用主动表被动:
✅ I have wrk t d. (正确)
❌ I have wrk t be dne. (除非是"有工作需要被做")
• 只有不定式能用在序数词、最高级后:
✅ He is the first t arrive.
❌ He is the first arriving.
• 动名词作主语谓语用单数:
✅ Learning English takes time.
❌ Learning English take time.
【分层练习】
练习1:基础选择
1. ______ is easier than ding.
A. T say B. Say C. Said D. Saying
2. It's n use ______ ver spilt milk.
A. cry B. t cry C. crying D. cried
3. ______ a language well requires a lt f practice.
A. Learn B. Learning C. T learn D. Learned
4. It's imprtant fr us ______ a freign language.
A. learn B. t learn C. learning D. learned
练习2:动词形式填空
1. It tk me tw hurs ______ (finish) the wrk.
2. ______ (smke) is harmful t yur health.
练习3:句型转换(形式主语it)
1. T master a freign language is nt easy.
→ ______ nt easy ______ a freign language.
2. Getting up early is gd fr yur health.
→ ______ gd fr yur health ______ early.
3. Arguing with him is useless.
→ ______ useless ______ with him.
4. When t start has nt been decided.
→ ______ nt been decided when ______.
备考建议
一、基本要求
1. 熟记常接动名词或不定式的动词分类(如“考虑建议盼原谅”:cnsider, suggest, lk frward t, excuse 等后接 ding)。
2. 分析非谓语动词与逻辑主语的主动/被动关系,判断用现在分词还是过去分词。
3. 多读真题例句,培养语感,尤其在语法填空和短文改错中注意上下文线索。
多做练习并结合错题整理,非谓语动词考点即可牢牢掌握。加油!
二、核心解题“黄金三步法”(针对高考)
第一步:定成分
看空格在句子中充当什么成分。
•若位于句首或逗号后,且与主句用逗号隔开,通常作状语。
•若紧跟在名词之后,通常作后置定语。
•若位于及物动词之后,可能作宾语;位于“动词+宾语”之后,可能作宾补。
第二步:找逻辑主语
找到这个非谓语动作的逻辑主语(谁发出或承受这个动作)。
•作状语时,逻辑主语通常是主句的主语。
•作定语时,逻辑主语就是它修饰的名词。
第三步:判主被动与先后
1.判主被动:逻辑主语与这个动词是主动还是被动关系?
◦主动→ding/t d
◦被动→dne/t be dne
2.判先后(尤其是状语中):这个动作与主句谓语动作发生的时间先后?
◦几乎同时/伴随发生→ding/dne
◦发生在主句动作之前→having dne/having been dne
◦发生在主句动作之后(或表目的)→t d
解题流程图:
开始→空格→判断成分→找到逻辑主语→判断主被动→判断时间关系→得出答案
三、高考真题实战解析
真题1:作宾语
We hpe 58.______(present)the rather abstract G game...
1.定成分:位于动词hpe之后,作宾语。
2.找逻辑主语:句子主语We。
3.判主被动与先后:We与present是主动关系。hpe表达对将来动作的愿望。
4.考点对应:动词hpe后固定接t d作宾语。
✅答案:t present
真题2:作后置定语
"sunshine scent"frm a sheet r shirt 10.______(leave)t sun fr a day...
1.定成分:位于名词a sheet r shirt之后,作后置定语。
2.找逻辑主语:被修饰的名词a sheet r shirt。
3.判主被动与先后:床单/衬衫与留下(leave)是被动关系(被某人留下)。且“被留下晒太阳”是已完成的状态。
4.考点对应:名词+dne(过去分词作定语,表被动完成)。
✅答案:left
四、高考高频考点清单与标志词
考点大类具体考点与标志词答案形式真题联想
作状语句首/句尾,逗号隔开,逻辑主语是句子主语。Ding/Dne/Having dne/T d
作定语名词+______ding/dne/t d
固定搭配以下动词/结构后:
1.只接t d:decide,hpe,wish,refuse,manage...
2.只接ding:enjy,finish,avid,cnsider,mind...
3.接t d/ding意义不同:frget,remember,stp,try, d/ding
with复合结构with+名词+ding/dne/t dding(主动)/dne(被动)/t d(将来)常考
独立主格名词/代词+ding/dne,逗号接主句。ding/dne难点,
常考
主/宾补1.感官/使役动词:see/hear/have/make+宾语+d/ding/dne
2.主语补足语:be said/believed/reprted+t d
五、【真题汇总】
1. (2023新高考Ⅰ卷)T eat ne, yu have t decide whether _________ (bite) a small hle in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出), r t put the whle dumpling in yur muth, letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue.
2. (2023新高考Ⅰ卷)Shanghai may be the ______________ (recgnize) hme f the sup dumplings but fd histrians will actually pint yu t the neighburing canal twn f Nanxiang as xia lng ba's birthplace.
3. (2023新高考Ⅰ卷)The best xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them_______ (lift) ut f the steamer basket withut tearing r spilling any f their cntents.
4. (2023新高考Ⅰ卷)N matter where I buy them, ne steamer is rarely enugh, yet tw seems greedy, s I am always left ____________ (want) mre next time.
5. (2023全国甲卷)Fr thusands f years, peple have tld fables (寓言) __________ (teach) a lessn r t pass n wisdm.
6. (2023全国甲卷)“There was nce a twn in the heart f America, where all life seemed t enjy peaceful c-existence with its surrundings,” her fable begins, __________ (brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.
7. (2023全国甲卷)Behind the simple style, hwever, is a serius message __________ (intend) fr everyne.8. (2023全国乙卷)Frm Buddhist temples t museums, narrw hutng t ryal palaces, it is hme t mre than 3,000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut, with the city keeping its carefully ____________ (build) system f ring rads.
9. (2023全国乙卷) _____________ (visit) several times ver the last 10 years, I was amazed by the c-existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while cnstantly grwing.
10. (2023全国乙卷)As a phtgrapher, I have spent the last tw years __________ (recrd) everything I discvered.
11. (2022全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked 40 days t Xi'an, as a first step ______________ (jurney) the Belt and Rad rute by ft.
12. (2022全国甲卷)Inspired by the Belt and Rad Frum fr Internatinal Cperatin ____________ (hld) in Beijing, Ca decided t cver the rute by hiking as a tribute(致敬) t the ancient Silk Rad.
13. (2022全国乙卷)“It can help t build a cmmunity with a ____________ (share) future fr mankind,” he said.
14. (2022全国乙卷) _____________ (strengthen) the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media, __________ (invite) twenty-nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty-six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
15. (2022新高考Ⅰ卷)The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that were previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity _____________ (increase) effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
16. (2021新高考Ⅰ卷)Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain, still it highlights the whle adventure and ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur _________ (ache) legs.
17. (2021全国甲卷)It is pssible ___________ (walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmetres.
18. (2021全国乙卷)Activities there range frm whale watching t hiking(远足) and accmmdatins aim ___________ (have) a lw impact n the natural envirnment.
19. (2020新高考Ⅰ卷)... visitrs can play with cmputer simulatins and imagine themselves living at a different time in histry r ___________ (walk) thrugh a rainfrest.
20. (2020全国Ⅱ卷)They make great gifts and yu see them many times __________ (decrate) with red envelpes and messages f gd frtune.
参考答案:
一、单项选择
正确答案是:B. Seen题目中的句子是描述村庄的景象,村庄是被看的对象,所以应该用过去分词作状语,表示被动关系。选项B的Seen符合这个要求,表示“从山上看下去,这个小村庄看起来宁静而美丽”。因此,B是正确答案。
正确答案是:C. Having thught句子中的主语the student与think之间是主动关系,且think的动作发生在gt之前,所以应该用现在分词的完成式作状语,表示“思考了这个问题一会儿之后,这个学生最终得到了答案”。因此,正确答案是C。
正确答案是:C. Having been explained题干中的句子需要使用现在分词的完成被动式,表示这个规则的重要性已经被多次解释过,但仍然被一些人忽视。选项C中的Having been explained符合这个要求,因此是正确答案。
正确答案是:D. T pass句子中的主语he想要通过期末考试,表示目的,所以应该用不定式作状语,选项D的T pass符合这个要求,表示“为了通过期末考试,他充分利用每一分钟来复习”。因此,D是正确答案。
正确答案是:A. Brn and raised句子中的主语he与bear和raise之间是被动关系,表示他出生并成长在一个偏远的村庄,所以应该用过去分词作状语。选项A的Brn and raised符合这个要求,表示“出生并成长”。因此,A是正确答案。
二、句型转换
Deeply mved原句中的"Because he was deeply mved by the mvie"可以简化为"Deeply mved by the mvie",意思不变,都是表示他被电影深深感动了。
Having cllected原句中的"After she had cllected enugh evidence"可以转换为"Having cllected enugh evidence",意思都是表示她在收集了足够的证据之后。
Encuraged原句中的"Because he was encuraged by his teacher"可以转换为"Encuraged by his teacher",意思都是表示他受到老师的鼓励。
Having graduated原句中的"After he had graduated frm cllege"可以转换为"Having graduated frm cllege",意思都是表示他大学毕业后。
Given原句中的"If yu are given anther chance"可以转换为"Given anther chance",意思都是表示如果你再得到一次机会。
Hearing原句中的"When he heard the news"可以转换为"Hearing the news",意思都是表示他听到这个消息时。
t catch原句中的"s that he culd catch the first bus"可以转换为不定式"t catch the first bus"作目的状语,意思都是表示他早起是为了赶第一班车。
Nw that原句中的"Having been tld the truth"可以转换为"Nw that she had been tld the truth",其中"Nw that"表示既然,引导原因状语从句,意思都是表示既然她已经被告知了真相。
T imprve原句中的"Because he wanted t imprve his English"可以转换为"T imprve his English",意思都是表示为了提高他的英语水平。
Upn/On arriving原句中的"When he arrived at the statin"可以转换为"Upn/On arriving at the statin",意思都是表示当他到达车站时。其中"Upn/On"是介词,后面接动名词作宾语。
Seeing解释:此句为现在分词短语作时间状语,表示“看到老师进入教室”这一动作与“学生们立即停止说话”同时发生,且主语一致,故用现在分词形式。
Having cmpleted解释:此句为现在分词完成式作原因状语,表示“提前完成项目”这一动作在“团队受到经理高度赞扬”之前已经完成,且主语一致,故用现在分词完成式。
Nt having received解释:此句为现在分词完成式的否定形式作原因状语,表示“没有收到任何回复”这一动作在“她决定打电话”之前已经发生,且主语一致,故用现在分词完成式的否定形式。
built解释:此句为过去分词作后置定语,修饰名词“The ld temple”,表示“这座古庙是500年前建造的”,且“build”与“temple”为被动关系,故用过去分词形式。
Faced解释:此句为过去分词短语作原因状语,表示“面对如此多的困难”,且“face”与“they”为被动关系,即“他们被面对如此多的困难”,故用过去分词形式。也可理解为“be faced with”的省略形式。
Wrking解释:此句为现在分词短语作状语,表示“在医院做志愿者”这一动作与“他学到了生命的价值”同时发生,且主语一致,故用现在分词形式。
Setting解释:此句为独立主格结构,表示“太阳落山了”,且“set”与“we”为独立关系,即“太阳”自己落山,与“我们”无关,但此结构在句中作原因状语,说明“我们决定回家”的原因,故用现在分词形式。更常见的表达可能是“The sun had set, s we decided t return hme.”但原句结构也是正确的。
Having been warned解释:此句为现在分词完成式的被动形式作让步状语,表示“尽管已经被警告可能的危险”,且“warn”与“they”为被动关系,且这一动作在“他们仍然去山里徒步”之前已经发生,故用现在分词完成式的被动形式。
T imprve解释:此句为不定式作目的状语,表示“为了提高他的英语”,说明“他每天读中国日报”的目的。
being discussed解释:此句为现在分词的被动形式作后置定语,修饰名词“The prblem”,表示“正在被讨论的问题”,且“discuss”与“prblem”为被动关系,故用现在分词的被动形式。
Having wrked解释:此句为现在分词完成式作状语,表示“在社区做了两年志愿者”这一动作在“Mark获得了宝贵的经验”之前已经完成,且主语一致,故用现在分词完成式。
Faced解释:同第5题,此句为过去分词短语作状语,表示“面对一个艰难的选择”,且“face”与“Mary”为被动关系,故用过去分词形式。
Nt having received解释:同第3题,此句为现在分词完成式的否定形式作状语,表示“没有收到任何回复”这一动作在“我决定再发一封邮件”之前已经发生,且主语一致,故用现在分词完成式的否定形式。
reading解释:此句为现在分词短语作伴随状语,表示“老人坐在椅子上”的同时“正在读报纸”,且主语一致,故用现在分词形式。
T cmplete解释:此句为不定式作目的状语,表示“为了按时完成项目”,说明“团队日夜工作”的目的。但更常见的可能是用现在分词完成式“Having cmpleted”表示动作已经完成,不过原句用不定式也表达了团队工作的目的性。若强调动作的完成性,可改为“Having cmpleted the prject n time, the team felt relieved.”但原句结构在语法上也是可接受的,尤其是当强调目的时。不过,若严格按照题目要求只填一个词,且考虑常见用法,“T cmplete”作为目的状语在此上下文中也是合理的,尽管它可能不如“Having cmpleted”在描述已完成动作时那么贴切。但根据题目的空格和选项限制,这里选择“T cmplete”作为答案,表示团队工作的目的。若题目意图是强调动作的完成,则可能需要调整句子结构。
① Lking ut f the windw, I fund the garden was cvered with snw.
(“从窗户望出去”翻译为“Lking ut f the windw”,使用现在分词短语作状语,表示动作的同时性。)
② T catch the first bus, my brther gt up early this mrning.
(“为了赶上第一班公共汽车”翻译为“T catch the first bus”,使用不定式短语作目的状语。)
③ Nt having finished the prject, he had t wrk late int the night.
(“由于没有完成项目”翻译为“Nt having finished the prject”,使用现在分词的完成形式的否定形式作原因状语,表示该动作在谓语动作之前已经完成且未发生。)
④ Given mre time, I believe the task wuld be dne better.
(“如果给我更多的时间”翻译为“Given mre time”,使用过去分词短语作条件状语,表示被动和假设的条件。)
⑤ Having walked in the rain fr an hur, she was wet all ver.
(“在雨中走了一个小时”翻译为“Having walked in the rain fr an hur”,使用现在分词的完成形式作状语,表示该动作在谓语动作之前已经完成。)
(一)答案依次是:Grwing;Inspired;Having wn;Faced;Determined;T imprve;Nt knwing;Seeing;Admitted;realizing。解析:
“Grwing up in a small village”是现在分词短语作状语,表示“在一个小村庄长大”,Li Hua与grw之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式。
“Inspired by his father”是过去分词短语作状语,表示“被他父亲激励”,Li Hua与inspire之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词形式。
“Having wn a schlarship”是现在分词的完成式作状语,表示“已经赢得了奖学金”,且这一动作发生在“attend a key high schl”之前,所以用现在分词的完成式。
“Faced with the challenges f city life”是过去分词短语作状语,表示“面对城市生活的挑战”,he与face之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词形式。
“Determined t make the mst f this pprtunity”是过去分词短语作状语,表示“下定决心充分利用这个机会”,he与determine之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词形式。
“T imprve his English”是不定式短语作目的状语,表示“为了提高他的英语”。
“Nt knwing hw t use a cmputer at first”是现在分词短语作状语,表示“一开始不知道如何使用电脑”,he与knw之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式,且表示否定,在knwing前加nt。
“Seeing his prgress”是现在分词短语作状语,表示“看到他的进步”,his teachers与see之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式。
“Admitted t a tp university”是过去分词短语作状语,表示“被一所顶尖大学录取”,he与admit之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词形式。
“realizing that educatin is the key t changing his fate”是现在分词短语作状语,表示“意识到教育是改变他命运的关键”,he与realize之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式。
(二)答案依次是:retired;Finding;Watering;remving;Inspired;Eating。解析:
“retired fr ten years”是过去分词短语作定语,修饰My grandfather,表示“已经退休十年了”,My grandfather与retire之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词形式。
“Finding it relaxing”是现在分词短语作状语,表示“发现它很放松”,he与find之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式。
“Watering the plants”是现在分词短语作状语,表示“给植物浇水”,he与water之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式。
“remving the weeds”是现在分词短语作状语,与“watering the plants”并列,表示“去除杂草”,he与remve之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式。
“Inspired by his passin”是过去分词短语作状语,表示“被他的热情所激励”,ur whle family与inspire之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词形式。
“Eating the fresh tmates we grew urselves”是现在分词短语作主语,表示“吃我们自己种的新鲜西红柿”,且表示主动关系,所以用现在分词形式。
(三)答案依次是:(1)began;(2)Encuraged;(3)T Prepare;(4)Painting;(5)Given;(6)Standing;(7)Judged。解析:(1)“My experience f learning painting began three years ag.”表示“我学习绘画的经历始于三年前”,根据时间状语three years ag可知,句子用一般过去时,所以填began。(2)“Encuraged by my art teacher”是过去分词短语作状语,表示“被我的美术老师鼓励”,I与encurage之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词形式。(3)“Preparing fr the cmpetitin”动词不定式作目的状语,表示“为比赛做准备”(4)“Painting in the studi late int the night”是现在分词短语作主语,表示“在工作室里画到深夜”,且表示主动关系,所以用现在分词形式。(5)“Given nly ne mnth t prepare”是过去分词短语作状语,表示“只给了一个月的时间准备”,I与give之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词形式。(6)“Standing in frnt f my painting”是现在分词短语作状语,表示“站在我的画前”,I与stand之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式。(7)“Judged by a panel f experts”是过去分词短语作状语,表示“由一组专家评判”,I(这里指代painting)与judge之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词形式。
定语
一、基础选择
正确答案是:B. discussed题干中的句子需要填入一个过去分词作后置定语,修饰名词prblem,表示“被讨论的问题”。选项B discussed是过去分词形式,符合语法规则,因此是正确答案。
正确答案是:A. t live不定式短语"t live in"作为后置定语修饰名词"rm",表示这个房间是用来居住的。因此,正确答案为A。
正确答案是:C. standing现在分词短语"standing under the tree"作为后置定语修饰名词"the girl",表示这个女孩正站在树下。因此,选项C standing是正确的选择。
正确答案是:C. waiting现在分词短语"waiting t buy tickets fr the cncert"作为后置定语修饰名词"peple",表示正在等待买音乐会票的人们。因此,选项C waiting是正确的选择。
正确答案是:B. written过去分词短语"written fr teaching English"作为后置定语修饰名词"textbk",表示这本教科书是“为教英语而写的”。因此,选项B written是正确的选择。
二、句式转换
The man sitting by the windw is ur English teacher.解释:将定语从句"wh is sitting by the windw"转换为现在分词短语"sitting by the windw"作为后置定语,修饰名词"man"。
The letter written in pencil is difficult t read.解释:将定语从句"that was written in pencil"转换为过去分词短语"written in pencil"作为后置定语,修饰名词"letter"。
I have smething imprtant t d.解释:将定语从句"that I must d"转换为不定式短语"t d"作为后置定语,修饰不定代词"smething"。
The building being built will be the highest in ur city.解释:将定语从句"which is being built"转换为现在分词的被动形式"being built"作为后置定语,修饰名词"building"。
Thse wishing t jin the club shuld sign here.解释:将定语从句"wh wish t jin the club"转换为现在分词短语"wishing t jin the club"作为后置定语,修饰代词"thse"。
三、综合填空
The prblem being discussed nw is abut envirnmental prtectin.解释:现在分词的被动形式"being discussed"作为后置定语修饰名词"prblem",表示“正在被讨论的问题”。
D yu knw the by lying under the tree?解释:现在分词"lying"作为后置定语修饰名词"by",表示“躺在树下的男孩”。
Is this the best way t slve the prblem?解释:不定式短语"t slve the prblem"作为后置定语修饰名词"way",表示“解决问题的最好方法”。
The pwer statin built last year has begun t wrk.解释:过去分词"built"作为后置定语修饰名词"pwer statin",表示“去年建造的发电站”。
The questins asked at the interview were very difficult.解释:过去分词"asked"作为后置定语修饰名词"questins",表示“在面试中被问到的问题”。
正确答案是:B. biled题目中需要用到过去分词作定语,表示“已经煮沸的”,而biled正是过去分词形式,符合语境。因此,正确答案为B。解释:在这个句子中,我们需要一个形容词来描述“water”的状态,以便制作茶。选项A“biling”表示正在煮沸的,不符合语境;选项C“t bil”是不定式形式,也不符合语境。而选项B“biled”是过去分词形式,表示已经煮沸的,符合语境,因此是正确答案。
正确答案是:A. wrsening题目中需要用到现在分词作定语,表示正在恶化的情况,而wrsening正是现在分词形式,符合语境。因此,正确答案为A。解释:在这个句子中,我们需要一个形容词来描述“situatin”的状态,以便表达需要立即采取行动的情况。选项B“wrsened”是过去分词形式,表示已经恶化的,不符合语境;选项C“twrsen”是不定式形式,也不符合语境。而选项A“wrsening”是现在分词形式,表示正在恶化的,符合语境,因此是正确答案。
正确答案是:B. prpsed题目中需要用到过去分词作定语,表示“被提出的”,而prpsed正是过去分词形式,符合语境。因此,正确答案为B。解释:在这个句子中,我们需要一个形容词来描述“plan”的来源,以便表达这个计划是在会议上被提出的。选项A“prpsing”是现在分词形式,表示正在提出的,不符合语境;选项C“tprpse”是不定式形式,也不符合语境。而选项B“prpsed”是过去分词形式,表示被提出的,符合语境,因此是正确答案。
这句话的意思是:然而,在简洁的风格背后,却有一个传达给每个人的严肃信息,这句话已经有谓语动词is,设空处应为非谓语动词,intend和message为被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语,故填intended。
这句话的意思是:塔尼娅的商店提供时尚女装出租,而不是直接购买,为一次性活动着装提供了更便宜的解决方案。第一空,设空处应为非谓语动词,rent和逻辑主语clthes为被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语;第二空,设空处修饰名词,应用名词形式,slutin为slve的名词形式,意为“解决方案”,符合句意,故第一空填rented;第二空填slutin。
这句话的意思是:最新的工程技术被应用于创造这种既美观又具有保护功能的结构。第一空,设空处修饰名词techniques,应用形容词engineering,意为“工程的”;第二空,修饰名词structure,应用形容词functinal,意为“功能的”,故第一空填engineering;第二空填functinal。
这句话的意思是:在我的成长过程中,我的家人和邻居从未使用晾衣绳晾衣服,这使我失去了发现阳光的一大奇迹的机会——晒了一整天衣服后散发出的甜美的“阳光香”。the chance t d为固定搭配,意为“做某事的机会”,设空处应用动词不定式作后置定语,故填t discver。
这句话的意思是:如果你从未体验过在阳光下晒了一整天的床单或衬衫上的“阳光香”,那么你就错过了生活中的一大奇迹。这句话已经有谓语动词have experienced,设空处应为非谓语动词,leave和逻辑主语sheet r shirt为被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语,故填left。
这句话的意思是:在过去的两年里,一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉,这些鸡肉或沙拉被包装成两半,分别装有单独的部分。第一空,根据时间状语Over the last tw years可知,本句的时态为现在完成时,主语sme supermarkets为复数,所以助动词为have;第二空,design和逻辑主语packs为被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语,故第一空填have started;第二空填designed。
这句话的意思是:上海可能是公认的汤包之乡,但美食历史学家实际上会指引你去小龙包的发源地——邻近的运河小镇南翔。第一空,修饰名词hme,应用形容词recgnized,意为“公认的”;第二空,修饰名词twn,应用形容词neighbring,意为“邻近的”,故第一空填recgnized;第二空填neighbring。
这句话的意思是:他们与络绎不绝的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈,这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知,设空处修饰名词z keepers,应用形容词visiting,意为“来访的”,故填visiting。
这句话的意思是:明天会议上要讨论的问题是关于环境保护的,要求所有成员都参加。“_____ (discuss) at tmrrw’s meeting”作后置定语修饰“The prblem”,因为“问题”与“讨论”之间是被动关系,且表示将来,所以用动词不定式的被动形式“t be discussed”。因此,本题的正确答案是:t be discussed。
这句话的意思是:在讲座中,教授介绍了他团队开发的一种新理论,这种理论挑战了一些传统观点。“_____ (develp) by his team”作后置定语修饰“a new thery”,因为“新理论”与“开发”之间是被动关系,且表示已经完成,所以用过去分词“develped”。因此,本题的正确答案是:develped。
这句话的意思是:为这门课程专门编写的第一本教科书将于下个月出版。“_____ (write) specifically fr this curse”作后置定语修饰“The first textbk”,因为“教科书”与“编写”之间是被动关系,且表示已经完成,所以用过去分词“written”。因此,本题的正确答案是:written。
这句话的意思是:桌子上放着几个从废墟中出土的古代花瓶,每一个都讲述着过去的故事。“_____ (unearth) frm the ruins”作后置定语修饰“several ancient vases”,因为“花瓶”与“出土”之间是被动关系,且表示已经完成,所以用过去分词“unearthed”。因此,本题的正确答案是:unearthed。
这句话的意思是:她给我看了下周要面试这个职位的候选人名单,我的名字在上面。“_____ (interview) fr the psitin next week”作后置定语修饰“the list f candidates”,因为“候选人”与“面试”之间是被动关系,且表示将来,所以用动词不定式的被动形式“t be interviewed”。因此,本题的正确答案是:t be interviewed。
这句话的意思是:现在正在河上建造的那座桥预计完工后将大大缓解交通拥堵。“_____ (build) ver the river nw”作后置定语修饰“The bridge”,因为“桥”与“建造”之间是被动关系,且表示正在进行,所以用现在分词的被动形式“being built”。因此,本题的正确答案是:being built。
这句话的意思是:在实现最终目标的道路上,我们仍然有许多困难和挑战需要克服。“_____ (vercme) n ur way t achieving the final gal”作后置定语修饰“many difficulties and challenges”,因为“困难和挑战”与“克服”之间是被动关系,且表示将来,所以用动词不定式的被动形式“t be vercme”。因此,本题的正确答案是:t be vercme。
这句话的意思是:去年由著名建筑师翻修的这座房子赢得了几个设计奖。“_____ (renvate) by the famus architect last year”作后置定语修饰“The huse”,因为“房子”与“翻修”之间是被动关系,且表示已经完成,所以用过去分词“renvated”。因此,本题的正确答案是:renvated。
这句话的意思是:唯一知道这件事全部真相的人决定保持沉默。“_____ (knw) the full truth abut the incident”作后置定语修饰“The nly persn”,因为“人”与“知道”之间是主动关系,且表示已经完成,所以用现在分词“knwing”。因此,本题的正确答案是:knwing。
这句话的意思是:你读过委员会准备的报告吗?它包含一些惊人的发现。“_____ (prepare) by the cmmittee”作后置定语修饰“the reprt”,因为“报告”与“准备”之间是被动关系,且表示已经完成,所以用过去分词“prepared”。因此,本题的正确答案是:prepared。
一、选择题答案及解析
答案:C解析:prmise t d sth. 承诺做某事,固定搭配,所以选C。
答案:B解析:be wrth ding sth. 值得做某事,主动表被动,所以选B。
答案:C解析:see sb. ding sth. 看见某人正在做某事,强调动作正在进行;see sb. d sth. 看见某人做过某事,强调全过程。根据just nw可知是看到小男孩正在跑,所以选C。
答案:C解析:frget t d sth. 忘记去做某事(事情还未做);frget ding sth. 忘记做过某事(事情已做过)。这里是说离开教室前别忘了关窗,事情还没做,所以选C。
答案:B解析:need ding sth. 或need t be dne 某事需要被做,主动表被动,所以选B。
答案:B解析:can't help ding sth. 忍不住做某事,固定搭配,所以选B。
答案:C解析:get sth. dne 使某事被做,hmewrk和finish是被动关系,所以选C。
答案:B解析:remember ding sth. 记得做过某事;remember t d sth. 记得去做某事。根据后文门现在是开着的,可知是记得锁过门,所以选B。
答案:B解析:g n ding sth. 继续做同一件事;g n t d sth. 继续做另一件事。这里是说继续工作到午夜,是同一件事,所以选B。
答案:B解析:be动词后接动词的-ing形式作表语,表示主语的内容或性质,所以选B。
答案:C解析:try t d sth. 尽力做某事;try ding sth. 尝试做某事。这里是说尽力打开窗户,所以选C。
答案:B解析:require ding sth. 或require t be dne 需要被做,主动表被动,所以选B。
答案:B解析:lk frward t ding sth. 期待做某事,固定搭配,所以选B。
答案:A解析:make sb. d sth. 使某人做某事,固定搭配,所以选A。
答案:B解析:regret ding sth. 后悔做过某事;regret t d sth. 遗憾地要做某事。这里是说后悔没听父母建议,事情已发生,所以选B。
答案:B解析:need ding sth. 或need t be dne 需要被做,主动表被动,所以选B。
17.正确答案是:B. kncking hear sb. ding sth. 是一个固定短语,表示“听到某人正在做某事”,其中ding是现在分词作宾语补足语,表示动作正在进行。根据句意和语境,选项B kncking符合语法规则,表示“我听到有人在我的房间外面敲门”。因此,B是正确答案。
18. 正确答案是:C. t be released句子中使用了be reprted t d sth.的结构,表示“据报道要做某事”,其中t d是不定式作宾语补足语。而根据句意,电影是“被发行”,所以应该用被动语态,即t be dne的形式。因此,正确答案是C,表示“据报道,这部电影将于下个月发行”。
19、正确答案是:C. t talkstp t d sth. 表示停下来去做另一件事,而stp ding sth. 表示停止正在做的事。根据句意“当她看到我的时候,她停下来和我说话”,可以确定应该使用stp t d sth.的结构,因此选项C“t talk”是正确答案。
20,正确答案是:C. t answer 是一个固定短语,表示“太……而不能……”,其中t是动词不定式符号,后面跟动词原形。根据句意和语法规则,选项C t answer是正确的选择,表示这个问题太难了,无法回答。
二、语法填空答案
1.t meet happen t d sth. 是一个固定短语,表示“碰巧做某事”,其中t d是不定式作宾语。因此,这里应该填t meet,表示“我昨天在回家的路上碰巧遇到了我的老朋友”。
2.t watch g n t d sth. 表示“接着做另一件事”,其中t d是不定式作宾语。根据句意“完成作业后,他接着看电视”,应该填t watch。
3.lsing risk ding sth. 是一个固定短语,表示“冒险做某事”,其中ding是现在分词作宾语。因此,这里应该填lsing,表示“不要因为这样一个小错误而冒险丢掉你的工作”。
4.checking/t be checkedwant ding/t be dne 是一个固定结构,表示“需要被……”,其中ding是现在分词或t be dne是不定式的被动形式作宾语。根据句意“这台机器在使用前需要检查一下”,可以填checking或t be checked。
5.t enter see sb. d sth. 表示“看到某人做了某事”,强调看到动作的全过程;而see sb. ding sth. 表示“看到某人正在做某事”,强调看到动作正在进行。但在这里,由于句子中使用了被动语态,且根据语境可知是“看到她进入了大楼”,因此应该用不定式t enter作宾语补足语。
6. t have been translated be said t d sth. 是一个固定结构,表示“据说要做某事”,其中t d是不定式作宾语补足语。而根据句意“这本书据说已经被翻译成多种语言”,应该用不定式的完成被动形式t have been translated。
7.repaired have sth. dne 是一个固定结构,表示“让某事被做”,其中dne是过去分词作宾语补足语。根据句意“我明天要去修车”,应该填repaired,表示“让车被修理”。
8.t be sleeping pretend t d sth. 表示“假装做某事”,其中t d是不定式作宾语。而根据语境可知是“当我进入房间时,他假装正在睡觉”,因此应该用不定式的进行形式t be sleeping。
9't buy affrd t d sth. 是一个固定短语,表示“负担得起做某事”,其中t d是不定式作宾语。因此,这里应该填t buy,表示“我们买不起这么贵的车”。
lcked find sth. dne 是一个固定结构,表示“发现某事已经被做”,其中dne是过去分词作宾语补足语。根据句意“当我回来的时候,我发现门被锁了”,应该填lcked。
参考答案:t attend; handled 解析:ask sb. t d sth. 要求某人做某事;have sth. dne 有某事要做。
参考答案:brken; missing解析:ntice sth. dne 注意到某事被做;ntice sth. missing 注意到某物不见了。
参考答案:playing; t find解析:see sb. ding sth. 看到某人正在做某事;be wrried t d sth. 担心做某事。
参考答案:t practice; t imprve解析:g n t d sth. 继续做另一件事;hpe t d sth. 希望做某事。
参考答案:t be cmpleted; extending/t be extended解析:plan t d sth. 计划做某事,prject与cmplete是被动关系,所以用t be cmpleted;need ding/t be dne 需要被做。
参考答案:read; t underline解析:have sb. d sth. 让某人做某事;ask sb. t d sth. 要求某人做某事。
参考答案:t be; t braden解析: be... 认为……是……;a way t d sth. 做某事的方法。
参考答案:feeding解析:bserve sb. ding sth. 观察到某人正在做某事。
参考答案:painting; t hire解析:want ding = want t be dne 需要被做;affrd t d sth. 负担得起做某事。
参考答案:visiting; seeing解析:frget ding sth. 忘记做过某事;be wrth ding 值得做。
参考答案:t have wn; watching解析:be reprted t d sth. 据报道做某事,赢国际奖项发生在报道之前,所以用t have wn;be wrth ding 值得做。
参考答案:inviting; meeting解析:appreciate ne's ding sth. 感激某人做某事;lk frward t ding sth. 期待做某事。
参考答案:checking; examined解析:require ding = require t be dne 需要被做;have sth. dne 让某事被做。
参考答案:t be ding解析:pretend t be ding sth. 假装正在做某事。
参考答案:t infrm; trying解析:regret t d sth. 遗憾地做某事; tryiny;suggest ding sth. 表示“建议做某事”,所以第二空填trying。
16.参考答案:t slve; t help解析: 是固定结构,表示“太……而不能……”,所以第一空填t slve;need sb. t d sth. 表示“需要某人做某事”,所以第二空填t help。
17.参考答案:arguing解析:hear sb. ding sth. 表示“听到某人正在做某事”,强调动作正在进行,所以填arguing。
18.参考答案:t prevent; spreading解析:take measures t d sth. 表示“采取措施做某事”,所以第一空填t prevent; ding sth. 表示“阻止……做某事”,所以第二空填spreading。
19.参考答案:t invest; t lse解析:decide t d sth. 表示“决定做某事”,所以第一空填t invest;nly t d sth. 表示“结果却……”,常表示出乎意料的结果,所以第二空填t lse。
20.参考答案:t have been translated; making解析:be said t d sth. 表示“据说……”,且书是被翻译,所以要用被动语态,结合语境可知翻译这个动作已经完成,所以第一空填t have been translated;第二空是现在分词作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果,所以填making。
答案:t make; returning解析:第一空,want t d sth. 是固定搭配,表示“想要做某事”,所以填 t make。第二空,mean ding sth. 表示“意味着做某事”,所以填 returning。
答案:t be lifted解析:allw sb. t d sth. 是固定搭配,表示“允许某人做某事”。在这里,Xialngba(小笼包)是被从蒸笼里拿出来的,所以应该用被动语态,即 t be lifted。
答案:wanting解析:be left ding sth. 是固定结构,表示“一直做某事,持续做某事”,在这里表示“我总是还想再要一些”,所以填 wanting。
答案:t catch解析:tend t d sth. 是固定搭配,表示“倾向于做某事”,所以填 t catch。
答案:t present解析:hpe t d sth. 是固定搭配,表示“希望做某事”,所以填 t present。
练习1:基础选择
答案:A解析:本题考查不定式作主语。句子表达“说比做容易”,空白处需要填入一个可以作主语的成分,且表示一般性的动作。不定式(t d)可以作主语,表示一般性的、抽象的动作,因此A项正确。B项是动词原形,不能单独作主语;C项是过去分词,表示被动或完成,不符合语境;D项是现在分词,虽然可以作主语,但通常表示正在进行的动作,不符合语境。
答案:C解析:本题考查固定句型“It's n use ding sth.”,意为“做某事没有用”。其中,动名词(ding)作为use的宾语,因此C项正确。A项是动词原形,B项是不定式,D项是过去式,均不符合该句型。
答案:B解析:本题考查动名词作主语。句子表达“学好一门语言需要大量的练习”,空白处需要填入一个可以作主语的成分。动名词(ding)可以作主语,表示一般性的、抽象的动作,因此B项正确。A项是动词原形,C项是不定式,虽然也可以作主语,但在此语境下不如动名词自然;D项是过去分词,表示被动或完成,不符合语境。
答案:B解析:本题考查固定句型“It's imprtant fr sb. t d sth.”,意为“对某人来说做某事是重要的”。其中,不定式(t d)作为真正的主语,it作为形式主语,因此B项正确。A项是动词原形,C项是现在分词,D项是过去式,均不符合该句型。
练习2:动词形式填空
答案:t finish解析:本题考查固定句型“It takes sb. sme time t d sth.”,意为“某人花费多少时间做某事”。其中,不定式(t d)作为真正的主语,it作为形式主语。因此,空白处应填入不定式t finish。
答案:Smking解析:本题考查动名词作主语。句子表达“吸烟对你的健康有害”,空白处需要填入一个可以作主语的成分。动名词(smking)可以作主语,表示一般性的、抽象的动作,因此填入Smking。
练习3:句型转换(形式主语it)
答案:It's;t master解析:原句“T master a freign language is nt easy.”可以转换为使用形式主语it的句型:“It's nt easy t master a freign language.”。其中,it作为形式主语,真正的主语是不定式t master a freign language。
答案:It's;t get up解析:原句“Getting up early is gd fr yur health.”可以转换为使用形式主语it的句型:“It's gd fr yur health t get up early.”。其中,it作为形式主语,真正的主语是不定式t get up early。
答案:It's;t argue解析:原句“Arguing with him is useless.”可以转换为使用形式主语it的句型:“It's useless t argue with him.”。其中,it作为形式主语,真正的主语是不定式t argue with him。
答案:It has;t start解析:原句“When t start has nt been decided.”可以转换为使用形式主语it的句型,同时调整语序:“It has nt been decided when t start.”。其中,it作为形式主语,真正的主语是疑问词不定式when t start。
参考答案:1. t bite2. recgnized3. t be lifted4. wanting5. t teach6. brrwing7. intended8. built9. Having visited10. recrding11. t jurney12. held13. shared14. T strengthen; inviting15. t increase16. aching17. t walk18. t have19. walking20. decrated
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