2026年中考英语二轮复习学案-介词和介词短语

这是一份2026年中考英语二轮复习学案-介词和介词短语，共10页。学案主要包含了表示动作，表示比较，表示原因，表示范围，表示目的，表示让步，用 at, n, in 填空，用in, by, n 填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
知识清单
介词是表示句子结构中词与词或句子或句子成分之间关系的一种虚词。
介词可以分为表示地点、时间、动作、比较、原因、条件、手段、距离、目的和让步共十种。
考点聚焦
表示地点
易错辨析：in，t，n介词区分
___________ 表示“接壤；相邻”。
___________ 表示“相离；相隔”，两者不属同一范围，也不接壤。
___________ 表示在同一范围内。
同步跟踪
1. Jane wants t be a driver. She ften sits___________ the bus when she ges ut.
A. in frnt f B. in the frnt f C. befre
2. There are many trees in ur schl. The biggest ne stands___________ur classrm.
A. befre B. in frnt f C. in the frnt f
3. Lk! There is a bridge___________the river. We can reach the ther side f the bank by it.
A. ver B. n C. abve
4. Taiwan is part f China. It lies___________sutheast f China.
A.in B.t C.n
5. Yunnan Prvince is s far frm here that we have t fly there. It___________lies the suthwest f Heilngjiang Prvince.
A.in B.t C.n
6.The Great Lakes lie between America and Canada, Accrding t it, we can knw that America lies___________the suth f Canada.
A. in B. t C. n
7. The Pacific is___________the east f China. It's the biggest cean in the wrld.
A. in B.t C.n
表示时间
易错辨析
1. by意为"到……为止"，常用于___________时态；fr意为"历时……之久；持续……"，后接时间段，常用于时态；since 意为"自从……以来；自……以后"，后接时间点，也经常用于时态，可以与 fr 进行相应替换；in 意为"在……以后；在……时间内"，常用于___________时态；until用于否定句中，意为"直到……才"，其前的谓语动词多为非延续性动词，用在肯定句中，意为"直到……为止"，其前的谓语动词须用延续性动词。
2．当表示时间的固定短语发生改变时，所用的介词也要相应的发生改变。
in the mrning- n the mrning f April 22
at night - n a cld night
三、表示动作：at, acrss, arund,thrugh, n, ver, under, past,by 等。
如： The earth ges arund the sun. 地球绕太阳运行。
The car is under repair.汽车在修理中。
1. Of all the seasns, I like summer best._____________ summer, I can swim and eat ice cream.
A.On B. In C. At
2.On weekdays, I ften get up___________ 6:30. I have t get t schl befre 7:30.
A.n B.at C. in
3. Our schl will hld a sprts meeting___________June 18. We are all busy preparing fr it.
A.at B.n C.in
4. Please hurry up! Our plane will take ff ___________an hur. We must catch it.
A.in B.befre C.after
5. She has learned 1,200 English wrds___________this term. She can read English newspapers withut any difficulty.
A.by B.fr C.until
6. She is familiar （熟悉的） with everything here. she has lived here___________she was a little girl.
A.fr B. by C. since
用适当的介词填空
7. My car was brken___________a rainy evening. Luckily, a man helped me.
8.I will never frget what happened___________the mrning f May 12, 2008.
9. She ften has a nap （小睡）___________the afternn. It is said that it will help her keep healthy.
同步跟踪
1.We ften g ___________a bakery（面包房）n ur way t schl.
We ften have bread fr breakfast.
past B.arund C. thrugh
2. Our teacher taught us that the earth is a small part f the universe （宇宙） thugh the mn ges____________it.
A.past B.arund C.by
3. It's raining hard. Please g______________my umbrella. It will keep yu frm being wet.
A.at B. arund C.under
用适当的介词填空
4. Please be careful when yu g___________the street.
5. Lk! The msquit （蚊子）is trying t fly___________the windw.
6.Lk!The flight is flying___________the city.
易错辨析
___________意为"从……表面穿过",
或指沿某一条线的方向而进行的
动作；___________意为"从……内部穿过"；___________意为"从……上方跨越过"。
四、表示比较：as，like，abve，ver，with等
同步跟踪
l. -Is the girl Nancy?
- Yes.She____________her mther very much.
A. is like B.likes C. lk like
2.-Hw many students are there in yur class?
-___________thirty.
A.Abve B.Over C.A and B
五、表示原因：abut，fr，frm，with等
同步跟踪
1.-What's wrng with him?
- He is dwn____________high fever.
A. abut B.with C.against
2.-I feel tired___________a whle day's wrk.
- Yu need t have a gd rest.
A. Because B.f C.frm
3.-Every year thusands f peple g t Hangzhu t enjy their 'hliday.
- That's true. It is famus___________the West Lake.
A.as B.fr B.f
表示条件：t，with，withut，in等
同步跟踪
1.N ne can be successful_____________ hard wrk.
A.thrugh B. with C. withut
2.Ann is nt gd at English, but she passed the exam____________the help f her classmates.
A.with B. under C. withut
3.I dwnladed （下载） a new prgram________the Internet. Nw I can watch TV and mvies________my cmputer.
A.with,in B. frm, n C.in, with
同步跟踪
1. His hme is near ur schl. He ften ges t schl___________ft.
A. in B. n C. by
2.With the develpment f science, mre and mre peple have cmputers. We can d many things________cmputers.
A.thrugh B.by C.in
表示手段、方式：as，by，in，with，n，thrugh等
His hme is near ur schl. He ften ges t schl___________ft.
A.in B.n C.by
With the develpment f science，mre and mre peple have cmputers. We can d many things_______cmputers.
A.thrugh B.by C.in
3.I like traveling. I ften travel _______a plane. It is fast and cmfrtable.
A.with B.n C. by
4.When I gt ut this mrning, I saw everything was cvered_______snw. It's a white wrld.
A.at B.with C. in
5. Dn't write_______a pencil. Yu need t practice using pens.
A.with B.frm C.at
易错题辨析
1.__________＋方式方法，意为"乘坐……，通过……"。
如：海：by ship / bat / sea
陆： by bus / car / train / bike /taxi/subway
空： by air / plane / spaceship
2. __________/__________＋限定词＋方式方法，意为"乘坐……"。
如： He ges t wrk n a bike / in his car. 他骑自行车／开车去上班。 为固定短语，意为"步行"。
八、表示范围、距离、数量：frm,in, within, besides, except 等。
如：My huse is ten miles the schl．我家离学校十英里。
They were thirty ___ all．他们总共有三十人。
易错辨析：
__________意为"除了"，并不包含后文提到的人或物；而__________意为"除了……还有",
包含后文提到的人或物。
同步跟踪
用except, besides, but填空
1.We can start.Every ne is here__________ur teacher. Let's discuss with ur teacher.
2. All f us jined in the party__________Tim last night. He had t stay at hme because f his cld.
3. Everything is finished__________my hmewrk. I'll finish it this night.
4.-Hw far is yur schl__________ yur huse?
-Abut half an hur's walk.
A. with B.frm C.fr
5. - It has been rainy___________a week. I hpe it will be fine tmrrw.
-Me, t.
A. during B.in C.fr
九、表示目的：as, fr,f等。
易错辨析
介词fr与f的选择要根据介词前的形容词来决定，当形容词修饰人本质(clever, nice, pretty, plite等）时，介词用 ____________ ；当形容词修饰事物（imprtant,necessary,gd, dangerus等）时，介词用 ____________ 。
同步跟踪
用适当的介词填空
1.It is implite__________yu t thrw garbage everywhere.
2. It is necessary__________us t be n time.
3. It is bad__________every ne t smke.
4.- What are yu ding?
-I'm preparing ____________ the math exam.
A. fr B.f C.t
5. It's plite ____________yu t give yur seat t the ld n the bus.
A. fr B.with C. f
6.- What shuld I d, Dctr?
-Yu need t d exercise every day. It will be gd____________yur health.
A.at B.fr C.f
十、表示让步：fr,with 等与all连用。
如： Fr all his effrt, he didn't succeed.虽然他做了一番努力，但还是不成功。
With all his mney, he is unhappy.尽管他有钱，但他并不快乐。
同步跟踪
-______________ all his failures, he never lses heart.
-We shuld learn frm him.
A. Because f B. Withut C. Fr
2._________ all his great success, he is still mdest .
A.With B. Thrugh C.As
常见介词短语
1．按照____________________________
2．连同；除……以外还________________________
3．弄错；误解________________________
4．亲自；独自地________________________
5．在……以前____________________________
6．由于____________________________
7．从……到……________________________
8. 在……前面（外部）________________________
9. 出于对某人（某事物）的敬意；庆祝_________________________
10．事实上_______________________
11．总之，简言之____________________________
12．吃惊，惊讶________________________
13．在空中________________________
14．最后________________________
15．在未来，今后____________________________
16．代替；反而_________________________
17．在某人回家的路上___________________________
提升演练
一、用 at, n, in 填空
1._________________five 'clck
2._________________a quarter past seven
3. ________________February 11th
4.________________a ht summer afternn
5.________________winter
6._________________ the mrning f Children's Day
7. ________________night
8.________________the evening
二、用in, by, n 填空
9. They ften g t schl______________ft.
10. Des he usually g hme______________bike?
11. She went t Qingda______________ship last week.
12. I want t g t Beijing______________bus.
13. She ften cmes t schl______________her father's car.
14. Did yu cme here______________a taxi?
三、用in, n, t填空
15. Shanghai is lcated （位于）______________the east f China.
16. Jilin Prvince is______________the suth f Heilngjiang Prvince.
17. Hainan is______________the suth f China.
18. Japan is______________the east f China.
19. Henan Prvince is______________the suth f Hebei Prvince.
20. Hng Kng is______________the suth f China.
四、用适当的介词填空
21. I'm srry I can't say it______________Chinese
22. The sunshine ges int the rm______________the windws.
23. The traffic light is red. We mustn't g-.______________the rad nw.
24. Is anyne______________hme?
25. The Zhazhu Bridge lies______________the river.
26. Are Jim and Li Lei______________the same class?
27. There is a hle______________the wall.
28.______________the beginning f this term, I wrte five cmpsitins (1Fx).
29. There are a few leaves 30. The girl______________the tree.
30.The girl______________ the red cat is my sister.
用fr 或since填空
_______________tw years
______________last mnth
______________yesterday
34.________________4 'clck
35._______________6 hurs
六、单项选择
( ) 36. - Can yu d me a favr? I dn't knw hw t say the wrds______________English.
-Srry.I dn't knw,either.
A. with B.in C. by
( ) 37. Keep the prmise if yu make it. It is necessary___________every ne t d s.
A.f B.fr C.t
( ) 38. - Hw will yu g t Haiku? It's far frm Harbin ______Haiku. D yu plan t fly there?
-N. I'll g there______________train.
A. t,n B.f,in C. t, by
( )39.-My pen was left at hme. I have nne t write______________.Can yu lend ne t me?
- Sure. Here yu are.
A.with B.by C.fr
( )40.There are tw blackbards in ur class. One is_________the classrm, the ther is at the back f it.
A.in frnt f B.in the frnt f C.befre
( ) 41. Snghua River is ur mther river. It runs________ ur city - Harbin, and it attracts (吸引) millins f
visitrs every year.
A.acrss B.ver C.thrugh
( ) 42. Thugh Tny is nly five years ld, he can get dressed______________himself.
A.by B.n C.with
( ) 43.-Why did Jy lk s excited?
-When she pened the gift, she fund it was the stamp that she wanted______________surprise.
A.in B.n C.t
( ) 44. Thanks fr helping me carry the heavy case.________hw much shuld I pay if I take a taxi t the Hiltn Htel?
A. By the way B. On the way C. In the way
( )45.______________tday's weather reprt, it'll rain in the afternn. Yu'd better take yur umbrella.
A . Due t B. Accrding t C. Next t
( ) 46.-Tim, wait a minute. Can yu buy sme salt _______________ yur way hme? There is nne left.
- OK, I will.
A.n B.by C.in
( ) 47. -What d the tw passages have______________?
- They express the same meaning by shwing us different facts.
A.in ttal B.in cmmn C. in shrt
( ) 48. They held a ceremny _________ thse wh died in the war. We hpe we can keep away frm wars frever.
A. in hnr f B.due t C.instead f
( ) 49. - Did everyne in yur class dnate （捐赠） things t the pr children?
-Yes.___________us, Mr. Blake als gave away many bks.
A.Besides B.Except C.But
( )50.An earthquake happened in Sngyuan, Jilin Prvince ______________a rainy mrning.
A.n B.in C.at
( )51. -Did yu hear f the accident?
-Yes. The cars were brken badly. Luckily, all the peple were sent t the hspital _____________.
A. in time B.n time C.at time
( )52.We make paper________________wd, and the wd is frm trees.
A. in B.f C.frm
( )53.-I missed the basketball match last night. Which team became the champin)?
-I dn't knw, either._______________, I was preparing fr my test at that time.
A. In fact B. In the end C. Instead f
( ) 54. Lucy is a girl with a strng will. Thugh she is handicapped(冠军),she learns English______________.
A.n herself B.by herself C.fr herself
( )55.-D yu believe that the film 2012 will cme true in the future?
-I'm nt sure. But I think __________necessary_____________ us t prtect the earth.
A. it s, fr B.it, f C.it's,f
( )56.-What bad weather! It is raining. We can't g ut t fly kites.
-That's t bad. Yu have t stay at hme___________ging ut.
A. due t B. in the end C.instead f
( )57.It's plite f us t stand__________line when we are waiting ___________ the bus.
A.in,at B. n,fr C. in,fr
( )58. The accident happened_____a cld winter mrning.
A.in B.n C.at
( )59.-Can yu help me? The prblem is t hard fr me.
- Why nt try it__________a different way?
A.in B. n C. by
( ) 60. -My best friend mved t Singapre. I felt sad and lnely.
- Yu can keep in tuch___________ the Internet.
A. By B.thrugh C.in
( )61. -Why dn't yu buy the purple bag? Yu like it s much.
-It's t expensive fr me. I have nly 20 dllars__________.
A.in ttal B.f all C.with all
( )62.-Yu lk beautiful in the blue dress.
-Thank yu. It's nice____ yu t say s.
A.f B.fr C.t
( )63.Srry!I tk yur umbrella ____________ yesterday. They lked the same.
A. n purpse B. n time C. by mistake
( ) 64. We ften plant trees____________ Tree Planting Day. We hpe t d smething fr ur earth.
A.in hnr f B.in frnt f C.instead f
( ) 65. Tm's Chinese teacher talked ______him ______ his Chinese study________pne and a half hurs yesterday.
A. with, abut, fr B. t, abut, at C.t,fr,fr
( ).66. I've never met my e-pal. S I want him t send me e-mails__________ his pictures.
A.accrding t B. next t C.alng with
( ) 67.Walk alng this street____________and yu'll find the hspital n yur left.
A. in the end B. t the end C. by the end
( )68.-What are yu ging t d,Jenny?
- I’ll drp___________ n a friend f mine wh I haven't seen fr a lng time.
A.at B.in C.t
( )69.-Everyne tk part in tday's activity__________Mike.
- His mther was ill. He was lking after his mther in the hspital.
A.except B.besides C.but
( )70.-I jined the cmmunist Yuth league（共青团）May, 2008. What abut yu?
- I've been a League member_______ three years ag.
A.n,since B.at,fr C.in,since
( ) 71. Nwadays mre and mre peple begin t fllw the traffic rules. Peple ften wait t g____ the rad at the
red traffic light.
A.crss B.acrss C.thrugh
( )72.Chen Guangbia, wh is a famus Chinese entrepreneur (12lk pr and the disabled. He is always generus （慷慨的） t the peple wh are________need________his mney and lve.
A. fr, n B. in, with C. in, at
( )73. -D yu knw where ur teacher is?
-He has left________ Shanghai n business and will cme back in a week.
A.t B./ C. fr
( ) 74. Difficulties are nt really terrible. As lng as we pull _, we are sure t ver cme them.
A.up B.tgether C.ff
( ) 75. - Everyne went t the museum _________ Tm. What's wrng with him?
- He had a bad cld and had t stay at hme.
A. except B. besides C.but
( )76.-D yu live________yur grandparents?
-N. But we keep in tuch_________ writing ften.
A. with, with B. n,f C. with, by
( ) 77. Bys and girls, wish yu t d well in the English exam______a light heart. Gd luck t everyne.
A.n B.with C.withut
( ) 78. Many cuntries began t pay mre attentin t nuclear（原子核的）safe after Japan's earthquake. We human beings are always shrt f energy, s we shuld keep the balance (平衡)between safety and danger_______
ding smething.
A.by B.in C.with
( )79.In western cuntries, peple pay mre attentin t prtecting the envirnment. When they take a trip n weekends, they will travel______.
A. by a bike B. n a bicycle C.in a bike
( )80.-What did Kate g-t schl late this Mnday mrning
-Because she had t stay up studying ________ the night f last Sunday.
A. t, n B. fr, n C.t,at
( )81.-We knw that Wang Ming had t study______the Internet because f his handicap （生理缺陷）.
- And he gt gd results. We shuld learn his never-give-up attitude.
A.n B.by C.with
( ) 82. -What d yu think f the bk?
-I kept it carefully_____ my mst valuable bk.
A.as B.like C.abut
( ) 83. Hng Kng is_______ the suth f China, and Maca is______the west f Hng Kng.
A. in,t B.t,t C.t,in
( )84.-Can yu finish the wrk ____ tw days? I will need it the day after tmrrw.
-I think s.
A.fr B.after C.in
( )85.-A leader visited Harbin and he went t the schls and factries. My father has ne picture taken with him ______his factry gate.
- The leaders f ur cuntry are fcusing n the imprvement f Harbin.
A.at the frnt f B.in frnt f C. in the frnt f
( ) 86._____the night befre Christmas Day, parents fill their children's stckings (K**) with small presents.
A.In B.At C.On
( )87.-Lk!A blind man is_______the middle f the street. It's t dangerus.
-Let's help him g________ the rad.
A. n, thrugh B.at, alng C.in,acrss
( ) 88. The warm sunshine cmes in______the windw.What a lvely day it is!
A.acrss B.ver C.thrugh
( )89.Kids,when yu learn English, please pay attentin t pening yur muth and reading English ludly.It can help imprve yur spken English. Reading mre English passages can help build yur vcabulary and imprve yur reading skills________ the same time.
A.at B.in C.n
( ) 90. Everyne went t the picnic last Sunday______Tm. He had t lk after his sick mther because his father wasn't at hme.
A. beside B. except C. besides
答案
介词和介词短语
一、
1.n 2.under 3.in 4.in frnt f 5. in the frnt f 6. behind 7.beside 8.near 9.next t
10.ver 11.abve 12.belw 13.arund 14.by
易错辨析：n, t,in
同步跟踪：1-5 BBAAB 6-7 CC
二、1. at 2.n 3.in
易错辨析：完成，完成，完成，一般将来
同步跟踪：1-6 BBBAAC 7.n 8.n 9.in
三、易错辨析：acrss, thrugh, ver
同步跟踪：1-3 ABC 4. acrss 5. thrugh 6.ver
四、同步跟踪：1-2 AC
五、同步跟踪：1-3 BCB
六、同步跟踪：1-3 CAB
七、易错辨：1.by 2.n,in
同步跟踪：1-5 BABBA
八、frm, in
易错辨析 ：except, besides
同步跟踪：1.besides 2. except 3.except 4-5 BC
九、易错辨析：f,fr
同步跟踪：1.f 2.fr 3.fr 4-6 ACB
十、同步跟踪：1-2CA
常见介词短语
1.accrding t 2. alng with... 3. by mistake 4. by neself 5. by the time 6. because f
8.in frnt f 9. in hnr f 10. in fact/ as a matter f fact 11. in shrt 12. in surprise13. in the air
14. in the end / at last 15. in the future 16. instead f 17. n ne's way hme
提升演练
1.at 2.at 3.n 4.n 5.in 6.n 7.at 8.in 9.n 10.by 11.by 12.by 13.in
14.in 15.in 16.n 17.in 18.t 19.n 20.in 21.in 22.thrugh 23.acrss 24.at
25.ver 26.in 27.in 28.At 29.n 30.in 31.fr 32. since 33. since 34.since 35.fr
36-40 BBCAB 41-45 CAAAB 46-50 ABAAA 51-55 ACABA 56-60 CCBAB 61-65 AACAA
66-70 CBBAC 71-75 BBCBA 76-80 CBABB 81-85 AAACB 86-90 CCCAB介词
意义
1、
在上
2、
在下
3、
在里
4、
在前（外部）
5、
在前（内部）
6、
在后
7、
在旁边
8、
在附近
9、
紧邻
10、
在上面（正上方）
11、
在之上
12、
在之下
13、
在周围
14、
靠近
1
表示具体的时刻
2
主要用于具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上，还用于具有某种特征的一天。
3
用于世纪、年、季节、月份
固定用法
in the mrning/afternn/evening