黑龙江省大庆市铁人中学2024-2025学年高二下学期开学考试英语试卷 含答案

这是一份黑龙江省大庆市铁人中学2024-2025学年高二下学期开学考试英语试卷 含答案，文件包含黑龙江省大庆铁人中学2024-2025学年高二下学期开学考试英语试卷pdf、英语docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共12页， 欢迎下载使用。
听力
1-5 ACBAC 6-10 ABBAC 11-15 CCACB 16-20ACABC
阅读理解
21-23：DBA 24-27 ：BAAC 28-31：BCDD 32-35：BCDD 36-40：FBDAG
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新研究在无动力制冷方面取得了新进展，研究
人员找到了用制冷剂替代机械冷却的可持续方法。
【32 题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Nw, researchers have fund in a new study an inexpensive,
sustainable chice t replace mechanical cling with refrigerants (制 冷 剂 ) in ht and dry
climates (现在，研究人员在一项新的研究中发现，在炎热干燥的气候条件下，用制冷剂代替
机械冷却是一种廉价、可持续的选择)”可知，此处是介绍用制冷剂代替机械冷却方法的优
势，再结合画线词的下文“the dangers f heat waves during electricity blackuts (停电期间热
浪的危险)”可推知，这种方法可以“减轻”这种风险，画线词应该与 Relieve“缓解，减轻”
相近。故选 B 项。 【33 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The researchers set ut t answer hw t achieve a new benchmark
(基准) fr passive cling inside naturally cnditined buildings in ht climates such as Suthern
Califrnia. They examined the use f rf materials that radiate (辐射) heat int the cld universe,
even under direct sunlight, and hw t cnnect them with temperature-driven air exchanges (that
is, air can enter buildings and circulate freely). (研究人员着手解决如何在南加州等炎热气候的
自然条件建筑内实现被动冷却的新基准。他们研究了屋顶材料的使用，这些材料可以向寒冷
的宇宙辐射热量，即使是在阳光直射下，以及如何将它们与温度驱动的空气交换（即空气可
以进入建筑物并自由流动）联系起来)”和“Researchers have als used them t imprve heat
rejectin frm clers. (研究人员还用它们来改善冷却器的散热)”可知，本段主要介绍了研究
人员进行研究的具体过程。故选 C 项。 【34 题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中““We did this withut abandning a healthy airing.” This was
never a piece f cake, cnsidering air exchanges are a surce f heat when the aim is t keep a
rm cler than the utside. (“我们做到了这一点，但没有放弃健康的通风。”这从来都不是
一件容易的事情，因为空气交换是一个热源，而目标是保持房间比外面更冷)”可知，Remy
Frtin 认为实现无动力制冷的同时保留健康的通风是一项挑战，因为通风会带来热量。故选
D 项。
【35 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中 Salmaan Craig 所说的话“We hpe that materials scientists,
architects, and engineers will be interested in these results, and that ur wrk will inspire mre
thrugh thinking abut hw t cnnect breakthrughs in radiative cling materials with simple
but effective architectural slutins (我们希望材料科学家、建筑师和工程师对这些结果感兴趣，
我们的工作将激发更深入的思考，如何将辐射冷却材料的突破与简单而有效的建筑解决方案
联系起来)”可知，研究人员希望研究结果可以激发更深入的思考，将材料科学上的突破与
建筑设计联系起来。由此推知，他们希望加强材料科学在建筑中的应用。故选 D 项。
完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
【答案】41-45 CBADB 46-50 CACDA 51-55 BCADB
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她邀请所有的同学写一首关于他们有多伟大的“谎言诗”，
并大声朗读。A. rich 富有的；B. busy 忙的；C. great 伟大的；D. smart 聪明的。根据下文“They
were suppsed t ________ untruths abut themselves that made them sund ________ wnderful”
可知，她邀请同学们写说自己很伟大的一些谎言诗。故选 C。
42．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们应该编造一些关于自己的谎言，让自己听起来令人难以
置信地好。A. pint ut 指出；B. make up 编造；C. hld back 阻碍；D. rely n 依靠。根据下
文“untruths”可知，既然是不真实的事情，那肯定是编造出来的。故选 B。
43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们应该编造一些关于自己的谎言，让自己听起来令人难以
置信地好。A. unbelievably 令人难以置信的是；B. uncnsciusly 无意识地；C. unacceptably
不能接受地；D. unreasnably 不合理地。根据下文“They were suppsed t _______ untruths
abut themselves”可知，她的同学们被邀请写一些谎言，让自己听起来令人难以置信地好。
故选 A。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我听诗的时候，我意识到孩子们实际上是在阐明他们未来
的图景。A. exaggerating 夸大；B. restring 恢复；C. admiring 欣赏；D. clarifying 阐明。根据
下文“the picture f their future”可知，同学们通过写诗来描述或阐明自己的将来，空格处是
clarifying。故选 D。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过“欺骗”自己，他们创造了自己未来想成为的样子。A. sample
样本；B. visin 幻想，想象；C. message 信息 ；D. principle 原则。根据上文“the picture f their
future”可知，他们通过写诗来构想自己以后的样子，因此空格处是 visin。故选 B。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不禁钦佩学校以这种特殊的方式激发孩子们的远大梦想，
即使这可能不是最初的意图。A. frcing 强迫；B. requesting 要求；C. mtivating 激励；D.
warning 警告。根据下文“the children t dream big in such a special way”可知，学校激励学生
梦想自己的未来。故选 C。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我们中的大多数人都看不到我们可以成为什么样
的人。A. unable 不能的；B. anxius 担心的；C. nervus 紧张的；D. unwilling 不情愿的。根
据下文“it’s hard fr yu t imagine the ________ in yurself”可知，我们很多人都不能看到自
己将来可能会成为什么人。故选 A。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我女儿的学校无意中想出了一个解决这个难题的办法。A.
excuse 借口；B. balance 平衡；C. slutin 解决办法；D. cnnectin 连接。根据上文“If it’s hard
fr yu t imagine the ________ in yurself”，下文“t that difficulty”和“yu might want t begin
by expressing it as a ________, as did the children wh wrte the pems”可知，我们很多人想象
不到自己将来的样子，所以作者的女儿的学校想出了解决这个难题的办法，因此空格处是
slutin。故选 C。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你很难想象自己的潜力，那么你可能要像写诗的孩子们
一样，先把它表达成一种幻想。A. interest 兴趣；B. curage 勇气；C. expectatin 期待；D.
ptential 潜力。根据上文“mst f us are ________ t see the truth f wh we culd be”可知，我
们很多人想象不到自己将来的样子，也就是很难想象自己的潜力。故选 D。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你很难想象自己的潜力，那么你可能要像写诗的孩子们
一样，先把它表达成一种幻想。A. fantasy 幻想；B. frtune 时运，命运；C. benefit 好处；
D. reference 参考。根据第一段的“untruths abut themselves”可知，孩子们写诗编造一些关于
自己的谎言，这些谎言也就是幻想。故选 A。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在适当的时候，这种创造性的练习将帮助你建立必要的蓝
图，以扩大你的成就。A. healthy 健康的；B. creative 创造性的；C. gentle 温柔的；D. frmal
正式的。根据上文“Think up sme stries abut wh yu wuld like t be”可知，想一些你想成
为什么样的人的故事，这是需要有创造力的，是创造性的练习。故选 B。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在适当的时候，这种创造性的练习将帮助你建立必要的蓝图，
以扩大你的成就。A. ensuring 确保；B. infrming 告知；C. stretching（使）变大，拉长；D.
measuring 测量。根据上文“build the necessary blueprint”和下文“yur achievements”可知，想
一些你想成为什么样的人的故事可以帮助你自己建立必要的蓝图，扩大你自己的成就。故选
C。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果没有你最高自我的图像，你就无法活在那个自我中。
A. highest 最高的；B. biggest 最大的；C. happiest 最快乐的；D. bravest 最勇敢的。根据上文
“They were suppsed t ________ untruths abut themselves that made them sund ________
wnderful”可知，孩子们写一些关于自己的谎言，让自己听起来令人难以置信地好，也就是
编出一些最好的自己的图像，此处表示“如果没有你最高自我的图像，你就无法活在那个自
我中”。故选 A。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以假装，直到你成功。A. stp 停止；B. frget 忘记；C.
hide 躲藏；D. pretend 假装。根据上文“They were suppsed t ________ untruths abut
themselves that made them sund ________ wnderful”可知，孩子们写一些关于自己的谎言，
让自己听起来令人难以置信地好，也就是假装自己很有成就。故选 D。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：谎言最终会变成现实。A. dream 梦想；B. reality 现实；C.
memry 记忆；D. nightmare 噩梦。根据上文“The lie will becme”和下文“in the end”可知，谎
言最终会变成现实。故选 B。
单项选择
56. B 57. A 58. C 59. C 60. B 61. D 62. C 63. C 64. B 65. C
单句语法填空
66. cmplaint 67. sinking 68. seized 69. int 70. distinct
71. lit 72. accessible 73. suspicius 74. cnvincing 75. had evlved
应用文写作
Dear Peter,
Thanks fr reaching ut! If I were in yur shes, I’d recmmend the activity at the train
statin.
It ffers a fantastic pprtunity t interact with travelers, assisting them with directins,
tickets, and luggage. The bustling atmsphere is nt nly engaging but als enriching, ffering a
chance t enhance bth cmmunicatin and prblem-slving skills.
While the museum activity is als meaningful, it fcuses mre n quieter tasks like
rganizing exhibits r guiding visitrs. At the train statin, yu’ll enjy a mre dynamic and
hands-n experience, where yur utging persnality can truly shine as yu cnnect with peple
frm all walks f life.
Let me knw if yu need any mre infrmatin.
读后续写
That’s when I nticed the Pumpkin Patch Clsed sign. My heart sank, Tex stpped dead in
his tracks eyes wide as he stared at the sign in disbelief, “What? N! We came all this way!” he
exclaimed, his vice cracking with frustratin. I felt the disappintment creeping in t, but then I
remembered what Dad had said abut Plan B. “Wait! We dn’t have t give up. If plan A fails, we
can always be creative with Plan B!” I said, trying t sund mre ptimistic. Tex’s expressin
shifted as he prcessed it. “Yeah! We can make ur wn pumpkins at hme!” We quickly turned
arund and headed back t the car, ur spirits lifting at the thught f designing ur wn jack-’
-lanterns.
Finally came ur wn jack-’-lantern design party the next day. Tex and I spread newspapers
acrss the table, excitement bubbling as we grabbed ur pumpkins, “Mine’s ging t have the
scariest teeth ever!? Tex declared, carving jagged teeth with great fcus. I wrked n a spky
ghst face, shaping wide eyes and a crked grin. The rm was sn filled with laughter, bits f
pumpkin flying everywhere. Dad watched frm the drway, smiling: “Lks like Plan B turned
ut even better than Plan A,” he said. “Yu bys didn’t just carve pumpkins-yu made memries.”
Then I realized we didn’t need the pumpkin patch t make every Octber special- and nw,
instead f ging there, we’ve made it a traditin t create ur wn jack-’-lanterns at hme, where
the fun and memries feel even clser.
附听力录音原文：
(Text 1)
M:Hell. This is David Maynard. I’m calling t cnfirm my reservatin fr tnight.
W:I’m srry Mr. Maynard, but I dn’t have a rm reserved here in yur name.
M:Oh, my secretary Mary might have used the cmpany name. Is there anything fr Burtn
Electrnics?
W:Oh, yes.
(Text 2)
M:OK. It’s almst ne ’clck. I’m ging ut t get a sandwich. I can get ne fr yu t, if yu
like.
W:That’s very kind f yu. Culd yu get me a ham and cheese?
M:OK.
W:Thanks. Wait a minute and I’ll give yu the mney.
(Text 3)
W:The weather frecast says it will be sunny and ht this Saturday. Hw abut ging t the beach?
M:Srry. The beach never appeals t me. I prefer staying at hme and watching the ftball all
day.
(Text 4)
M:What are yu thinking right nw, Lucy?
W:Can’t yu see? I’m thinking that if yu were quiet, I culd get my hmewrk dne. But it is
difficult fr me t cncentrate n it since yu are always talking.
(Text 5)
M:Did yu read abut us nline?
W:N. I wrk n Albert Street, nt far away.
M:S yu saw ur sign?
W:Actually I didn’t ntice it until this evening. A wman at wrk cmes here and swims every
lunchtime. S I’m hping t jin her.
(Text 6)
W:Des yur father have any sister r brther?
M:Oh, yes, I have an uncle, and my uncle Charles’s pretty famus, actually.
W:What des he d?
M:Medical research. A lt f his research has been published in medical jurnals. And he’s als
famus fr his yung age when he started. He’s been ding medical research fr ten years and
he’s nly 25.
W:Ww, sunds amazing! Clever man!
(Text 7)
W:Excuse me. I want t buy a tie fr my husband. Where can I find men’s clthes sectin?
M:Well, g up t the fifth flr and they’re t the left f the lift.
W:I als want a shirt fr my sn. S where are children’s clthes?
M:G dwn t the third flr and turn right. G straight until yu reach the end. There’s a small
play area beside it.
W:I see. Thank yu very much. Oh, by the way, is there an ATM inside here? I need t get sme
mney first.
M:Yeah. There’re tw n bth sides f the entrance n the first flr.
(Text 8)
W:Our nieces Melinda and Lucy will arrive next week. What culd they d?
M:They culd stay inside by the fire. But I think that’s very bring.
W:Yes. Maybe we can bring them t the cuntryside fr a walk. What d yu think?
M:That sunds fun, but it might be wet and dirty there since there is s much rain and even snw
recently. What abut ding smething indrs, like visiting a museum? It’s nice and warm in
there.
W:Yu’re right. But I think we can still have a few utdr activities. Of curse fishing isn’t very
gd. It’s much t cld.
M:Yeah. Nr is climbing. That will be t tiring. Then what abut ging ice-skating?
W:That’s a gd idea. Maybe they can brrw sme skating shes.
M:Yes. It’ll be really fun.
(Text 9)
M: Hell, Kelly. What can I d fr yu?
W: Hell, Mr. Lee. I’d like t talk t yu abut my reprt abut schling in the past. It’s hard t
get started.
M: Dn’t wrry. T make it interesting, yu can cmpare the past and the present. S, yu can
think f any differences between schls nw, and thse in the past.
W: Umm … well, they used t use blackbards … and we use blackbards and whitebards … h
dear … cmputers! We use cmputers a lt tday, but they didn’t have them!
M: What abut bks, Kelly? Have yu ever seen a really ld bk?
W: Erm, nce. It didn’t have many pictures. And the pictures weren’t in clr. I suppse it was
expensive t print clr pictures in the past.
M: Yes. What else can we think abut? Hmm … what’s that thing yu’re carrying n yur
shulder?
W: My backpack?
M: Yes. Let’s g n with that.
(Text 10)
M: Spring is nearly here and many peple will turn their attentin t DIY. But a recent study has
fund that ver 50% f peple in the U.K. admit they have at least ne unfinished jb t d in
their hme, while ne in five say they have damaged their hme while trying t “D It
Yurself”. Here, I will share my embarrassing experiences with yu.
Once, a friend f mine asked me t paint sme rms in her huse. I was painting ne wall,
standing at the tp f a ladder. Fr sme reasn, at ne pint, I frgt I was in a ladder and stepped
back. I lst balance and fell ff. Unfrtunately, her carpet was damaged by the paint. My friend was
mre wrried abut me than annyed. But in the end she had t buy a new carpet. What impressed
me mst was quite a simple task — putting up sme shelves in my basement. I was standing n a
wden table, putting a nail int the wall and suddenly all the lights went ut. I realized that there
were wires in the wall where I was putting the nail in. I thught I was lucky — I culd have gt an
electric shck and have been badly hurt. But it wasn’t all gd luck — I had t have sme repairs
dne and it wasn’t cheap.