寒假特辑
搜索
      上传资料 赚现金

      初中中考英语第一轮复习语法知识点精讲-习题-练习(精华版)

      • 674.2 KB
      • 2026-02-04 06:44
      • 11
      • 0
      • 教习网4922643
      加入资料篮
      立即下载
      寒假特辑
      初中中考英语第一轮复习语法知识点精讲-习题-练习(精华版)第1页
      1/124
      初中中考英语第一轮复习语法知识点精讲-习题-练习(精华版)第2页
      2/124
      初中中考英语第一轮复习语法知识点精讲-习题-练习(精华版)第3页
      3/124
      还剩121页未读, 继续阅读

      初中中考英语第一轮复习语法知识点精讲-习题-练习(精华版)

      展开

      这是一份初中中考英语第一轮复习语法知识点精讲-习题-练习(精华版),共124页。试卷主要包含了lk after 照顾,照看, A等内容,欢迎下载使用。
      (注:共四部分)
      第一部分
      1) leave的用法
      1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如:
      When did yu leave Shanghai?
      你什么时候离开上海的?
      2.“leave fr+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如:
      Next Friday, Alice is leaving fr Lndn.
      下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。
      3.“leave+地点+fr+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如:
      Why are yu leaving Shanghai fr Beijing?
      你为什么要离开上海去北京?
      2) 情态动词shuld“应该”学会使用
      shuld作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会”的意思,例如:
      Hw shuld I knw? 我怎么知道?
      Why shuld yu be s late tday? 你今天为什么来得这么晚?
      shuld有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如:
      We shuld help each ther.我们应当互相帮助。
      我们在使用时要注意以下几点:
      1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如:
      Yu shuld be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。
      2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如:
      Yu shuld g t the dctr if yu feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服,你最好去看医生。
      3. 用于表示可能性。shuld的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如:
      We shuld arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。
      She shuld be here any mment. 她随时都可能来。
      3) 与
      1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。如:
      What is yur father? 你父亲是干什么的?
      该句相当于:
      What des yur father d?
      What is yur father's jb?
      Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如:
      ---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特?
      ---The by behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。
      2. 是泛指,所指的事物没有范围的限制;而 是特指,所指的事物有范围的限制。如:
      What clr d yu like best? (所有颜色)
      你最喜爱什么颜色?
      Which clr d yu like best, blue, green r yellw? (有特定的范围)
      你最喜爱哪一种颜色?
      3. what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如:
      Which pictures are frm China?
      哪些图片来自中国?
      4) 频度副词的位置
      1.常见的频度副词有以下这些:
      always(总是,一直)
      usually(通常)
      ften(常常,经常)
      smetimes(有时候)
      never(从不)
      2.频度副词的位置:
      a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如:
      David is ften arrives late fr schl.
      大卫上学经常迟到。
      b.放在行为动词前。如:
      We usually g t schl at 7:10 every day.
      我们每天经常在7:10去上学。
      c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调。如:
      Smetimes I walk hme, smetime I rides a bike.
      有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车。
      3.never放在句首时,主语、谓语动词要倒装。如:
      Never have I been there.
      5) every day 与 everyday
      1. every day 作状语,译为“每一天”。如:
      We g t schl at 7:10 every day.
      我们每天7:10去上学。
      I decide t read English every day.
      我决定每天读英语。
      2. everyday 作定语,译为“日常的”。
      She watches everyday English n TV after dinner.
      她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。
      What's yur everyday activity?
      你的日常活动是什么?
      6) 什么是助动词
      1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb)。被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main Verb)。
      助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用,例如:
      He desn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。
      (desn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)
      2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:
      a. 表示时态,例如:
      He is singing. 他在唱歌。
      He has gt married. 他已结婚。
      b. 表示语态,例如:
      He was sent t England. 他被派往英国。
      c. 构成疑问句,例如:
      D yu like cllege life? 你喜欢大学生活吗?
      Did yu study English befre yu came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗?
      d. 与否定副词nt合用,构成否定句,例如:
      I dn't like him. 我不喜欢他。
      e. 加强语气,例如:
      D cme t the party tmrrw evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
      He did knw that. 他的确知道那件事。
      3.最常用的助动词有:be, have, d, shall, will, shuld, wuld
      7) frget ding/t d与remember ding/t d
      1.frget t d 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)
      frget ding 忘记做过某事。 (已做)
      The light in the ffice is still n. He frgt t turn it ff.
      办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
      He frgt turning the light ff.
      他忘记他已经关了灯了。 ( 已做过关灯的动作)
      Dn't frget t cme tmrrw.
      别忘了明天来。 (t cme动作未做)
      典型例题
      ---- The light in the ffice is still n.
      ---- Oh,I frgt___.
      A. turning it ff B. turn it ff
      C. t turn it ff D. having turned it ff
      答案:C。由the light is still n 可知灯亮着,即关灯的动作没有发生,因此用frget t d sth.而frget ding sth 表示灯已经关上了,而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。
      2.remember t d 记得去做某事 (未做)
      remember ding 记得做过某事 (已做)
      Remember t g t the pst ffice after schl.
      记着放学后去趟邮局。
      Dn't yu remember seeing the man befre?
      你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
      8) It's fr sb.和 It's f sb.
      1.fr sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impssible等:
      It's very hard fr him t study tw languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
      2.f sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如gd, kind, nice, clever, flish, right。
      It's very nice f yu t help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了。
      3.fr 与f 的辨别方法:
      用介词后面的代词作主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子。如果道理上通顺用f,不通则用fr。如:
      Yu are nice. (通顺,所以应用f)。
      He is hard. (人是困难的,不通,因此应用fr。)
      9) 对两个句子的提问
      新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势,现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。例如:
      句子:The by in blue has three pens.
      提问:1.Wh has three pens?
      2.Which by has three pens?
      3.What des the by in blue have?
      4.Hw many pens des the by in blue have?
      很显然,学生多了更多的回答角度,也体现了考试的灵活性。再如:
      句子:He usually ges t the park with his friends at 8:00 n Sunday.
      提问:1.Wh usually ges t the park with his friends at 8:00 n Sunday?
      2.Where des he usually g with his friends at 8:00 n Sunday?
      3.What des he usually d with his friends at 8:00 n Sunday?
      4.With whm des he usually g t the park at 8:00 n Sunday?
      5.What time des he usually g t the park with his friends n Sunday?
      6.When des he usually g t the park with his friends?
      10) s、such与不定冠词的使用
      1.s与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“s+形容词+a/an+名词”。如:
      He is s funny a by.
      Jim has s big a huse.
      2.such与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。如:
      It is such a nice day.
      That was such an interesting stry.
      11) 使用-ing分词的几种情况
      1.在进行时态中。如:
      He is watching TV in the rm.
      They were dancing at nine 'clck last night.
      2.在there be结构中。如:
      There is a by swimming in the river.
      3.在have fun/prblems结构中。如:
      We have fun learning English this term.
      They had prblems getting t the tp f the muntain.
      4.在介词后面。如:
      Thanks fr helping me.
      Are yu gd at playing basketball.
      5.在以下结构中:
      enjy ding sth 乐于做某事
      finish ding sth 完成做某事
      feel like ding sth 想要做某事
      stp ding sth 停止做某事
      frget ding sth 忘记做过某事
      g n ding sth 继续做某事
      remember ding sth 记得做过某事
      like ding sth 喜欢做某事
      keep sb ding sth 使某人一直做某事
      find sb ding sth 发现某人做某事
      see/hear/watch sb ding sth 看到/听到/观看某人做某事
      try ding sth 试图做某事
      need ding sth 需要做某事
      prefer ding sth 宁愿做某事
      mind ding sth 介意做某事
      practice ding sth 练习做某事
      be busy ding sth 忙于做某事
      can't help ding sth 禁不住做某事
      miss ding sth 错过做某事
      12) 英语中的“单数”
      1.主语的第三人称单数形式,即可用“he, she, it”代替的。如:
      he, she, it
      my friend, his teacher, ur classrm, Tm, Mary's uncle
      2.名词有单数名词和复数名词。如:
      man(单数)---men(复数) banana(单数)---bananas(复数)
      3.动词有原形,第三人称单数形式,-ing分词,过去式,过去分词。如:
      g---ges---ging---went---gne
      wrk---wrks---wrking---wrked---wrked
      watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
      当主语为第三人称单数的时候,谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单数形式。如:
      The by wants t be a sales assistant.
      Our English teacher is frm the US.
      Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.
      12) 英语中的“单数”
      1.主语的第三人称单数形式,即可用“he, she, it”代替的。如:
      he, she, it
      my friend, his teacher, ur classrm, Tm, Mary's uncle
      2.名词有单数名词和复数名词。如:
      man(单数)---men(复数) banana(单数)---bananas(复数)
      3.动词有原形,第三人称单数形式,-ing分词,过去式,过去分词。如:
      g---ges---ging---went---gne
      wrk---wrks---wrking---wrked---wrked
      watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
      当主语为第三人称单数的时候,谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单数形式。如:
      The by wants t be a sales assistant.
      Our English teacher is frm the US.
      Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.
      13) 名词的复数构成的几种形式
      名词复数的构成可分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。
      I 名词复数的规则变化
      1.一般在名词词尾加-s。如:
      pear---pears hamburger---hamburgers
      desk---desks tree---trees
      2.以字母-s, -sh, -ch, -x结尾的名词,词尾加-es。如:
      class---classes dish---dishes
      watch---watches bx---bxes
      3.以字母-结尾的某些名词,词尾加-es。如:
      ptat---ptates tmat---tmates
      Negr---Negres her---heres
      4.以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词,将-y变为-i,再加-es。如:
      family---families dictinary---dictinaries
      city---cities cuntry---cuntries
      5.以字母-f或-fe结尾的名词,将-f或-fe变为-v,再加-es。如:
      half---halves leaf---leaves
      thief---thieves knife---knives
      self---selves wife---wives
      life---lives wlf---wlves
      shelf---shelves laf---laves
      但是:
      scarf---scarves(fes) rf---rfs
      serf---serfs gulf---gulfs
      chief---chiefs prf---prfs
      belief---beliefs
      II 名词复数的不规则变化
      1.将-改为--ee。如:
      ft---feet tth---teeth
      2.将-man改为-men。如:
      man---men wman---wmen
      pliceman---plicemen pstman---pstmen
      3.添加词尾。如:
      child---children
      4.单复数同形。如:
      sheep---sheep deer---deer
      fish---fish peple---peple
      5.表示“某国人”的单、复数变化。即“中日瑞不变英法变,其它国把-s加后面”。如:
      Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese
      Swiss---Swiss
      Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen
      American---Americans Australian---Australians
      Canadian---Canadians Krean---Kreans
      Russian---Russians Indian---Indians
      6.其它。如:
      muse---mice
      apple tree---apple trees
      man teacher---men teachers
      14) 双写最后一个字母的-ing分词
      初中阶段常见的有以下这些:
      1.let→letting 让
      hit→hitting 打、撞
      cut→cutting 切、割
      get→getting 取、得到
      sit→sitting 坐
      frget→frgetting 忘记
      put→putting 放
      set→setting 设置
      babysit→babysitting 临时受雇照顾婴儿
      2.shp→shpping 购物
      trip→tripping 绊
      stp→stpping 停止
      drp→drpping 放弃
      3.travel→travel(l)ing 旅游
      swim→swimming 游泳
      run→running 跑步
      dig→digging 挖、掘
      begin→beginning 开始
      prefer→preferring 宁愿
      plan→planning 计划
      15) 肯定句变否定句及疑问句要变化的一些词
      1.sme变为any。如:
      There are sme birds in the tree.
      →There aren't any birds in the tree.
      但是,若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中,sme可以不变。如:
      Wuld yu like sme range juice?
      与此相关的一些不定代词如smething, smebdy等也要进行相应变化。
      2.and变为r。如:
      I have a knife and a ruler.
      →I dn't have a knife r a ruler.
      3.a lt f (=lts f)变为many或much。如:
      They have a lt f friends.(可数名词)
      →They dn't have many friends.
      There is lts f range in the bttle.(不可数名词)
      →There isn't much range in the bttle.
      4.already变为yet。如:
      I have been there already.
      →I haven't been there yet.
      16) in与after
      in 与 after 都可以表示时间,但二者有所区别。
      1.in 经常用于将来时的句子中,以现在为起点,表示将来一段时间。如:
      He will leave fr Beijing in a week.
      一周后他会动身去北京。
      2.after 经常用于过去时的句子中,以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间。如:
      He left fr Beijing after a week.
      一周后他动身去了北京。
      不过,如果after后跟的是具体的时刻,它也可用于将来时。如:
      We will finish the wrk after ten 'clck.
      十点后我们会完成工作的。
      3.注意区分以下的in的用法。
      I'll visit him in a week.
      一周后我会去拜访他。
      I'll visit him twice in a week.
      一周内我会去拜访他两次。
      17) 不定冠词a与an的使用
      1.a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前。如:
      There is a "b" in the wrd "bk".
      单词bk中有个字母b。
      类似的字母还有:c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z。
      She has a small knife.
      她有一把小刀。
      2.an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前。如:
      There is an "i" in the wrd "nin".
      单词nin中有个字母i。
      类似的字母还有:a, e, f, h, l, m, n, , r, s, x。
      D yu have an umbrella?
      你有一把雨伞吗?
      3.以元音字母开头的单词前面不一定都用an;以辅音字母开头的单词前面也不一定都用a。如:
      a useful bk
      a universe
      a ne-letter wrd
      an hur
      an uncle
      an umbrella
      an hnest persn
      18) 如何表达英语中的“穿、戴”?
      英语中表示“穿、戴”的表达方法有好几种,常见的有以下这些:
      1、put n 主要表达“穿”的动作。如:
      He put n his cat.他穿上了他的外套。
      Yu'd better put n yur shes.你最好穿上你的鞋子。
      2、wear 主要表示“穿、戴”的状态。如:
      The ld man wears a pair f glasses.老人戴着一副眼镜。
      The girl is wearing a red skirt.那女孩穿着一条红色的短裙。
      3、dress 可作及物动词,有“给穿衣”的意思,后接“人”,而不是“衣服”。如:
      Please dress the children right nw.请立即给孩子们穿上衣服。
      dress 也可作不及物动词,表示衣着的习惯。如:
      The wman always dresses in green.那位妇女总是穿绿色的衣服。
      4、be in 表示穿着的状态。如:
      Jhn is in white tday.约翰今天穿白色的衣服。
      The man in black is a ftball cach.
      19) a little, a few 与 a bit (f)
      a little, a few 与 a bit (f) 都有“一些、少量”的意义。他们的区别在哪里呢?
      1. a little 意为“一些、少量”,后接不可数名词。如:
      There is a little water in the bttle. 瓶子里有一点水。
      还可以接形容词。如:
      He is a little shy. 他有些害羞。
      2. a few 意为“一些、少数”,后接复数的可数名词。如:
      There are a few peple in the rm. 房间里有一些人。
      3. a bit 意为“一点儿”,后接形容词。如:
      It's a bit cld. 有点冷。
      a bit f 后接不可数名词。如:
      He has a bit f mney. 他有一点儿钱。
      4. a little 表肯定意义,little 表否定意义;a few 表肯定意义,few 表否定意义。如:
      There is a little sda in the glass. 杯子里有一点儿汽水。
      There is little sda in the glass. 杯子里几乎没有汽水了。
      I have a few Chinese friends. 我有一些中国朋友。
      Few peple like him. 几乎没有人喜欢他。
      5. a little = a bit f, 后接不可数名词;
      a little = a bit = a little bit = kind f, 后接形容词,意为“有点儿”。
      20) 关于like的用法
      like 可以作动词,也可以作介词。
      1、like 作动词,表示一般性的“爱好、喜欢”,有泛指的含义。如:
      D yu like the clr?你喜爱这种颜色吗?
      like 后可接不定式(like t d sth),也可接动词的-ing分词(like ding sth),有时意思不尽相同。如:
      She likes eating apples.她喜爱吃苹果。(习惯)
      She likes t eat an apple.她喜爱吃一粒苹果。(平常不喜欢吃)
      like 与 wuld 连用,后接不定式,表示愿望或客气的请求。如:
      Wuld yu like a cup f tea?您愿意喝杯茶吗?
      “喜欢某人做某事”可以用结构“like sb t d sth/ding sth”。如:
      They all like me t sing/singing English sngs.他们都喜欢我唱英文歌。
      2、like 作介词,可译成“像”。如:
      She is friendly t us like a mther.她对我们友好,就像母亲一样。
      It lks like an range.它看起来像个桔子。
      3、区分以下句子:
      A. What des he lk like?
      B. What is he like?
      A句译为“他长相如何?”指一个人的外貌特征;而B句译为“他人怎么样?”指人的性格特点。
      C. The by like Peter is ver there.
      D. A by like Peter can't d it.
      A句指外貌相似,而D句指性格相似。
      21) stp t d sth 与 stp ding sth
      1. stp t d sth 意为“停下来去做某事”。如:
      The students stp t listen t their teacher.
      学生们停下来去听他们老师讲话。
      2. stp ding sth 意为“停止做某事”。如:
      The students stpped talking. 学生们停止了谈话。
      与它们相反的句式是:g n t d sth “继续做某事(与刚才一事不同)”和 g n ding sth “继续做某事(与刚才同一件事)”。如:
      He finishes his hmewrk and ges n t study English.
      他完成了作业,接着继续去念英语。
      They went n playing games. 他们继续玩游戏。
      22) tell, speak, say 与 talk
      1. tell 意为“告诉、讲述”,指某人把某一件事、一条信息传送给别人或讲述一件事。如:
      He tells me that he wants t be a teacher.
      他告诉我说他想成为一位教师。
      Father always tells interesting stries t us.
      爸爸总是给我们讲有趣的故事。
      tell sb sth 意为“告知某人某事”。如:
      He tld me smething abut his past.
      他告诉我一些他的往事。
      tell sb t d sth 意为“告诉某人去做某事”。如:
      David tld his sn t d the hmewrk.
      大卫要他的儿子去做作业。
      2. speak 意为“说话、讲话”,后面主要接语言。如:
      He can speak English and a little Chinese.
      他能讲英语和一点汉语。
      speak t 意为“和讲话、谈话”。如:
      Can I speak t Mr Zhang?
      我能和张先生讲话吗?
      speak f 意为“提到、说起”。如:
      The bk speaks f my hmetwn.
      那本书提到我的家乡。
      3. talk 意为“谈话、讲话”,如果只有一方对另一方说话时,一般用 talk t;如果双方或多方交谈,多用 with。如:
      Please talk t him right nw. 请立即同他谈话。
      He is talking with his friend. 他在和朋友交谈。
      talk abut 意为“谈论”。如:
      They are talking abut the mvie. 他们在谈论那部电影。
      have a talk with 意为“与交谈”。如:
      Can I have a talk with yu? 我可以和你交谈吗?
      4. say 意为“说”。如:
      Can yu say it in English nce mre? 你能用英语再说一遍吗?
      say t 意为“对说”。如:
      He said t his students that they wuld have a test.
      他对他的学生说他们将有一个测试。
      It is said that... 意为“据说”。如:
      It is said that he culd stay under the water fr a lng time.
      据说他能呆在水里很长时间。
      23) Excuse me! 与 I'm srry!
      1. Excuse me! 意为“打搅了!对不起!”,一般是为了与陌生人搭话,或者要打断对方所说(做)的事。如:
      Excuse me, is there a htel in the neighbrhd?
      请问,附近有旅馆吗?
      Excuse me, culd I say smething?
      打搅一下,我能说一些吗?
      2. I'm srry! 意为“对不起!”,表示道歉。如:
      I'm srry, Mr Zhang. I wn't d it again.
      对不起,张先生。我不会这么做了。
      24) 表示时间的 in、n 与 at
      in, n 与 at 都可以和表示时间的词(组)连用。
      1. in 表示时间的一段或较长的时间。如:
      in the mrning 在上午
      in May, 2004 在2004年五月
      in a week 在一周之内(后)
      It's Sunday, I can finish it in tw days.
      现在是星期天,我能在两天后完成。(星期二)
      Rme was nt built in a day.
      罗马不是在一天内建起来的。
      2. n 主要指在具体的一天。如:
      n Sunday 在星期天
      n May Day 在“五一”节
      n a ht afternn 在一个炎热的下午
      He arrived in Beijing n April 26,2004.
      他于2004年4月26日到达北京。
      3. at 表示时间的一点或比较短的时间。如:
      at 8:00 在八点
      at nn 在中午
      I always get up at 6:00 every mrning.
      我总是每天早晨六点起床。
      It's always warm at this time f year.
      每年的这个时候总是暖和的。
      25) Other及其用法
      Other 及其相近的词(组),如 thers, the ther, the thers, anther, any ther 等,一直是中学生朋友们比较困扰的问题,平常的考试、作业中经常出错。下面是它们的一些用法:
      1、ther 指其余的人或物,所有格是 ther's,复数形式是 thers,the ther 指“两个人或物中的另一个”,其复数形式是 the thers,thers 相当于“ther + 名词”,所以不能充当定语,修饰名词。thers指整体中去掉一部分后剩余的部分,但不是全部的,即 (一些...其余的人...)。the thers 强调整体中除去一部分后剩余的全部,即 thers.
      2、anther 泛指三个以上的不定数目中的“另外一个”。由 an 和 ther 合并构成,所以不能和冠词连用。anther 修饰单数名词,比如:anther pencil.
      3、any ther 指除去本身以外的“任何其他的人或物”,后面要用名词的单数形式。
      26) lk 短语
      常见的lk短语有以下这些:
      1.lk at 朝看
      Please lk at the map f China.
      请看中国地图。(lk at=have a lk at)
      2.lk fr 寻找
      The ld man is lking fr his dg.
      老人在寻找他的狗。
      3.lk like 看起来像
      Nancy lks like her mther.
      南希看起来像她母亲。
      4.lk the same 看上去一样
      Li Ping and Li Jing lk the same.
      李萍和李晶看上去一样。
      5.lk up 查找
      Please lk up the wrd in the dictinary.
      请在词典中查找这个单词。
      6.lk ver 仔细检查
      The dctr lked ver Mary carefully.
      医生仔细检查了玛丽。
      7.lk after 照顾,照看
      Yu must lk after yur ld father.
      你必须照顾你的老父亲。
      8.lk arund 到处寻找、查看
      We lked arund, but we fund nthing strange.
      我们四处查看,但是我们没有发现奇怪的东西。
      27) t,als与either
      1.t用于肯定句和疑问句,一般放在句尾,其前常加逗号。如:
      We are in the same schl, t.
      我们也在相同的学校。
      D yu play sccer every day, t?
      你也每天踢足球吗?
      2.als用于肯定句和疑问句,一般位于实义动词前、be动词后。如:
      Sandra is als a Krean student.
      Sandra 也是一个韩国学生。
      3.either用于否定句,一般放在句末。如:
      They dn't knw the answer, either.
      她们也不知道答案。
      4.as well as也有“也”的意思。如:
      We have great mushrm pizza as well as sda.
      He is a happy by as well.
      28) hard与hardly
      1.hard既可作形容词,也可作副词。如:
      It's a hard(adj.) questin. (=difficult)
      这是一个难的问题。
      The by studies very hard(adv.).
      那男孩学习非常努力。
      句子结构:It's hard fr sb t d sth 做某事对某人来说是难的。如:
      It's hard fr him t finish the wrk. 完成那项工作对他来说很难。
      注意区分:hard wrk 困难的工作
      wrk hard 努力工作
      2.hardly是频度副词,表示否定的意思。(=almst nt)通常用在形容词、副词和动词之前。如:
      I can hardly see it.
      我几乎看不到它。
      29) smetime,smetimes,sme time与sme times
      1.smetime是时间副词,指不确定的将来或过去某一点时间(某时候或任何时候),不指一段时间。如:
      We'll g t Beijing smetime next mnth.
      我们下个月某一时候会去北京。
      2.smetimes是频度副词,指“有时”、“不时”的意思(=at times)。如:
      Smetimes I get up very late n Sunday mrning.
      有时候我在星期天早晨起得很晚。
      3.sme time是名词词组,指一段时间(一些时间或若干时间)。如:
      It tk him sme time t finish the bk.
      她花了一些时间去完成作业。
      4.sme times指“几次”。如:
      He met the wman sme times last mnth.
      上个月他见过那妇女几次。
      30) exercise的一些用法
      1.作不及物动词,译为“运动,锻炼”。如:
      David exercises every mrning.
      大卫每天早晨进行锻炼。
      2.作及物动词,译为“训练”。如:
      Swimming exercises the whle bdy.
      游泳能使身体得到全面的锻炼。
      3.作名词,译为“体育锻炼、运动、体操、练习题”等。如:
      It's gd t d eye exercises every day.
      每天做眼保键操对眼睛有好处。
      Please d mre exercise frm nw n.
      从今以后请多做运动吧。
      I have lts f hmewrk t d tnight.
      今晚我有很多的作业要做。
      4.注意:exercise指具体运动或体操时是可数名词,复数形式为exercises;泛指运动时是不可数名词。
      31) maybe与may be
      1.maybe是副词,译为“也许、可能”,相当于“perhaps”。如:
      Maybe he can answer the questin.
      也许他能回答那个问题。
      He maybe is frm the USA, t.
      他可能也来自美国。
      2.may be中的may为情态动词,译为“可能是”。如:
      He may be frm the USA, t.
      他可能也来自美国。
      She may be ur English teacher.
      她可能是我们的英语老师。
      32) same与different
      1.same指“相同的”,前面通常要有一个定冠词the,但是如果same前面已经有this,thse等词,就不能再与the连用了。如:
      We are in the same class.
      我们在同一个班级。
      结构:the same as 与一样 如:
      His mark is the same as mine.
      他的分数和我的分数一样。
      2.different译为“不同的”,其后的可数名词应为复数形式。如:
      We are in different classes.
      我们在不同的班级。
      结构:be different frm 与不同 如:
      This sweater is different frm that ne.
      这件毛衣与那一件不同。
      different的名词形式为difference, 复数形式为differences。
      33) 动词want的用法
      1.want sth. 想要某物
      They want sme help.
      他们需要一些帮助。
      2.want sb. t d sth. 想要某人去做某事
      My father wants me t help him n the farm.
      我父亲要我在农场上帮他。
      3.want t d sth. 想要做某事
      I want t study English in England.
      我想要在英国学习英语。
      4.want ding 需要...
      Yur sweater wants washing.
      你的运动衣该洗了。
      34) be gd(bad) fr、be gd at的相关用法
      1.be gd fr 对有益
      Ding mrning exercises is gd fr yur health.
      做早操对你们的建康有益。
      2.be gd at 擅长于
      Li Ping is gd at basketball.
      李平擅长于篮球。
      = Li Ping is gd at playing basketball.
      李平擅长于打篮球。
      be gd at = d well in 如:
      I'm gd at math. = I d well in math.
      我擅长于数学。
      3.be gd t 对好
      Parents are always gd t their children.
      父母亲总是对他们的孩子好。
      35) hw many与hw much
      1.hw many表示“多少”,对数量提问,后面接可数名词的复数形式。如:
      There are fur peple in my family.
      ---Hw many peple are in yur family?
      你家里有几个人?
      We have seven classes every day.
      ---Hw many classes d yu have every day?
      你们每天上几节课?
      2.hw much也是表示“多少”,但它对不可数名词进行提问。如:
      There is sme milk in the bttle.
      ---Hw much milk is there in the bttle?
      瓶子里有多少牛奶?
      3.hw much还可以对价格提问,表示“多少钱”的意思。如:
      The yellw T-shirt is nly 35 yuan.
      ---Hw much is the yellw T-shirt?
      那件黄色的T恤衫多少钱?
      36) with的几个用法
      1.with表“和、同、与”。如:
      Can yu g t the park with me?
      你能和我一起去公园吗?
      2.with表“用、以、被”。如:
      Dn't write with the red pen.
      不要用那支红色的钢笔写字。
      3.with表“随着”。如:
      Climate varies with the time f the year.
      气候随着时令的不同而不同。
      4.with表“带有、有的”。如:
      The girl with lng hair is my classmate.
      长头发的女孩是我的同学。
      5.with表“因为、由于”。如:
      They were angry with hard wrk.
      他们因为艰难的工作而生气。
      6.一些with结构:
      play with 与一起玩
      be angry with 对生气
      talk with 与交谈
      get n well with 与相处融洽
      37) a lt f(lts f)与many,much
      1.a lt f意为“许多、大量”。相当于lts f。它既可以修饰可数名词,又可以修饰不可数名词。如:
      I have a lt f friends in China.
      我在中国有很多朋友。
      The ld man has lts f mney.
      那位老人有很多的钱。
      2.many意为“许多”。它用来修饰可数名词。如:
      D yu have many beautiful skirts?
      你有很多漂亮的裙子吗?
      3.much意为“大量”。它用来修饰不可数名词。如:
      There is much water in the lake.
      湖里有大量的水。
      4.a lt f(=lts f)用在肯定句中,而many,much不受限制。如果将一个含有a lt f(=lts f)的肯定句改为否定句或疑问句,要将它们改为many或much。如:
      We can see a lt f birds in the tree.
      ---We can't see many birds in the tree.
      我们在树上看不到很多鸟儿。
      He wants lts f sda.
      ---Des he want much sda?
      他需要许多汽水吗?

      38) help用法举例
      help既可以作名词,也可以作动词。
      1.help作名词,意为“帮助”。如:
      He needs sme help.
      他需要一些帮助。
      2.help作动词,也是“帮助”的意思。如:
      Can yu help me?
      你能帮帮我吗?
      3.help的结构:
      help sb (t) d sth 帮助某人做某事
      =help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事
      如:
      They want t help the by carry the heavy bx.
      =They want t help the by with the heavy bx.
      他们想要帮助那位男孩搬那个重箱子。
      39) well的用法
      well可以作副词,也可以作形容词。
      1.well作副词,意为“(某事干得)好”。如:
      The by draws very well.
      男孩画得很好。
      2.well作形容词,意为“健康、安好”。如:
      I'm nt feeling well.
      我觉得不舒服。
      40) ag与befre
      ag与befre都表示“以前”,但用法有所区别。
      1.ag意为“以前”,表示从此刻算起的若干时间之前,常用于过去时的句子中。如:
      He tk a pht a week ag.
      他一周前照了一张相片。
      2.befre作为副词时表示:
      a.从过去某一时刻算起的若干时间以前,用于过去完成时的句子中。如:
      The by had already seen the cmedy befre.
      那男孩以前已经看过那部喜剧片了。
      b.笼统的“以前”,用于一般过去时或现在完成时的句子中,一般单独使用,而ag不可以单独使用。如:
      He's read this nvel befre.
      他以前读过这部小说。
      41) need的用法
      1.need作实义动词,意为“需要”。如:
      D yu need t stay at hme?
      你要呆在家里吗?
      2.need作情态动词,一般用于对must的否定回答。如:
      ---Must he leave nw? 他必须离开吗?
      ---N, he needn't. 不,他不必。
      3.区分:
      a.need作实义动词。
      He needs t g.
      He desn't need t g.
      Des he need t g?
      Yes, he des./N, he desn't.
      b.need作情态动词,一般不用于肯定句。
      He needn't g.
      Need he g?
      Yes, he need./N, he needn't.
      42) decide的几种句式
      1.decide t d sth 决定去做某事
      They decide t fly kite n weekend.
      他们决定在周末去放风筝。
      2.decide n ding sth 决定做某事
      They decide n flying kites.
      他们决定放风筝。
      3.decide n sth 就某事决定
      Betty decided n the red skirt.
      贝蒂选定了那条红裙子。
      4.decide的名词形式为decisin,结构:make a decisin,意为“做决定”。如:
      He has made a decisin.
      他已经做一个决定了。
      43) t many,t much与much t
      1.t many意为“太多”,用于修饰可数名词的复数。如:
      There are t many students in ur class.
      我们班上有太多的学生。
      2.t much意为“太多”,用于修饰不可数名词。如:
      We have t much wrk t d.
      我们有太多的工作要做。
      3.much t表示“太”,用来修饰形容词或副词。如:
      The bx is much t heavy, s I can't carry it.
      箱子太重了,所以我搬不动它。
      44) can的用法
      1.表示能力。如:
      We can carry the heavy bx.
      我们可以搬得动箱子。
      Wh can sing an English sng?
      谁会唱英文歌?
      2.表示惊讶、不相信等态度,主要用于否定句和疑问句中。如:
      Can it be true?
      这会是真的吗?
      Yu can't be serius?
      你不会当真吧?
      3.表示允许,意思与may相近,主要用于口语中。如:
      Can I smke here?
      我可以在这儿吸烟吗?
      Can I g with him?
      我可以跟他一起去吗?

      第二部分
      (一)一般将来时
      一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如tmrrw, the day after tmrrw, next year, next mnth, next week, in 100 years等。
      be ging t d (动词原形)结构:表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如:It is ging t rain.
      will d 结构表示将来的用法:
      1. 表示预见
      D yu think it will rain?
      Yu will feel better after a gd rest.
      2. 表示意图
      I will brrw a bk frm ur schl library tmrrw.
      What will she d tmrrw?
      基本构成如下:
      一般疑问句构成:
      (1)will+主语+d…? Will Sarah cme t visit me next Sunday?
      (2)there be 结构的一般疑问句:Will there + be …?
      Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / N, there wn’t
      否定句构成:will + nt (wn’t)+d
      Sarah wn’t cme t visit me next Sunday.
      特殊疑问句构成:
      特殊疑问词+will+主语+…?What will Sarah d next Sunday?
      ★★练一练★★
      根据例句,用will改写下列各句
      例:I dn’t feel well tday. (be better tmrrw)
      I’ll be better tmrrw.
      1. Gina has six classes tday. (have a lt f hmewrk tnight)
      _____________________________
      2. I’m tired nw. (sleep later)
      _____________________________
      3. My parents need a new car. (buy ne sn)
      _____________________________
      4. We can’t leave right nw. (leave a little later)
      _____________________________
      5. The weather is awful tday. (be better tmrrw)
      _____________________________
      答案:1. She’ll have a lt f hmewrk tnight.
      2. I’ll sleep later.
      3. They’ll buy ne sn.
      4. We’ll leave a little later.
      5. Maybe it’ll be better tmrrw.
      (二)shuld的用法:
      shuld用来提出建议和忠告,后边加动词原形,否定句直接在shuld后边加nt.
      例如:I think yu shuld eat less junk fd.
      我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。
      She drives a lt and she seldm walks. S I think she shuld walk a lt.
      她经常开车,很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。
      Students shuldn’t spend t much time playing cmputer games.
      学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。
      学习向别人提建议的几种句式:
      (1)I think yu shuld…
      (2)Well, yu culd…
      (3)Maybe yu shuld …
      (4)Why dn’t yu…?
      (5)What abut ding sth.?
      (6)Yu’d better d sth.
      ★★练一练★★
      用shuld或shuldn’t填空
      1. I can’t sleep the night befre exams.
      Yu ______ take a warm shwer befre yu g t bed.
      2. Gd friends ______ argue each ther.
      3. There is little milk in the glass. We _______ buy sme.
      4. They didn’t invite yu? Maybe yu ______ be friendlier.
      5. I am a little bit verweight. S I think I _______ d exercises every day.
      答案:1. shuld2. shuldn’t3. shuld4. shuld5. shuld
      (三)过去进行时
      过去进行时表示过去某一点时间正在进行的动作或者过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作。
      1. 构成
      was /were + ding,例如:
      I was watching TV at 9 ’clck last night.
      at 9 ’clck last night是时间点
      They were playing ftball all afternn.
      all afternn是时间段
      2. 过去进行时的标志词
      at 8 ’clck last night, this time yesterday等。例如:
      I was having lunch at hme this time yesterday.
      昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭。
      At that time she was writing a bk.
      那阵子她在写一本书。(表示她在那段时间里一直在做那件事情。)
      ★★练一练★★
      用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
      1. This time yesterday I ____ ______(read)bks.
      2. At 9 ’clck last Sunday they ______ ______(have)a party.
      3. When I _____(cme)int the classrm, she ________ ______(read)a strybk.
      4. She _____ ______(play)cmputer games while her mther ____ ______(ck)yesterday afternn.
      5. I _____ ______(have)a shwer when yu _______(call)me yesterday.
      答案:1. was reading2. were having3. came; was reading
      4. was playing; was cking5. was having; called
      (四)间接引语
      形成步骤:
      (1)不要逗号,冒号,引号
      (2)要考虑到人称的变化(人称的变化与汉语是一致的)
      (3)要考虑时态的变化
      (4)要考虑时间状语、地点状语和语示代词的变化。
      1. 直接引语变成间接引语时,几个主要时态的变化规律
      2. 直接引语变成间接引语时,一些词汇的变化规律
      ★★练一练★★
      用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
      1. She said I _____(be)hard-wrking.
      2. Peter tld me he _____(be)bred yesterday.
      3. She said she _____(g)swimming last Sunday.
      4. Bbby said he _____(may)call me later.
      5. Antni tld me he _____(read)a bk then.
      答案:1. was2. was3. went4. might5. was reading
      请转述他人说的话:
      1. I g t the beach every Saturday. (Tm)
      2. I can speak three languages. (Lucy)
      3. I will call yu tmrrw. (Mike)
      4. I’m having a surprise party fr Lana. (she)
      (五)if引导的条件状语从句
      结构:if+一般现在时,主语+将来时
      含义:如果……,将要……
      例如:If yu ask him, he will help yu.
      如果你请求他,他会帮助你。
      If need be, we’ll wrk all night.
      如果需要,我们就干个通宵。
      ★★练一练★★
      根据中文提示,完成句子。
      1. 如果你参加聚会,你将会过得很开心。
      If yu ________ the party, yu __________.
      2. 如果明天下雨,我们将不去野餐。
      If it __________ tmrrw, we ___________.
      3. 如果你经常听英文歌,你将会喜欢英语的。
      If yu ften ________, yu _________________.
      答案:
      1. If yu g t the party, yu will have a gd time
      2. If it rains tmrrw, we wn’t g t the picnic
      3. If yu ften listen t English sngs, yu’ll like English
      二. 完形填空特点及解题思路
      (一)题型分类与特点
      完形填空试题是在给出的一篇短文中有目的地拿掉若干个词,留下一些空格,要求考生借助短文保留的部分,从所给的短文整体出发,在正确理解短文意思的基础上,根据句子和句子间的内在联系、词的用法和习惯搭配等,用适当的词或词语填空,使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。这种题型测试的内容从形式上看是单词或短语的填空,但它必须注意到短文中上、下文意思连贯、词语搭配和语法结构正确,所以在空格上所填的词必须符合语义适用和语法正确两条原则,只考虑某一侧面都可能导致错误。中考中完形填空试题的基本题型分两类:完形填空选择题和完形填空题。
      1. 完形填空选择题:该题型的特点是将一篇短文中若干词语抽掉留下空格,对每一空格提供若干个选择项,要求考生通读短文后,在理解短文意思的基础上,运用所学的词汇、句型、语法等语言知识,从所提供的备选项中选出一个最佳答案,使短文内容完整正确。中考完形填空主要以这种题型为主。它所给的短文一般与初中英语教材难易程度相当,字数在150-200个单词之内,多数设置10个左右空格,所设考点涉及词汇、语法及对短文内容的理解。短文的第一句一般不设空,以期提供一个语境,对每一空格设置的选项基本都属于相同或对等的词类,给判定选择带来一定的干扰,侧重考查了考生准确运用词汇的能力及对短文的整体理解和逻辑推理能力。
      2. 选词填空题:该题型的特点是把抽出的词打乱顺序,不按原文顺序排列,放在短文前面或后面的方框内,有时还增加几个文外的词,要求考生从中选出适当的词以正确的形式填入短文空格内。
      (A)
      Jack wanted t ask fr tw days ff, 1 he had nly learnt the phrase (短语)“have a day ff”. He 2 , then he had an idea. “Grandmther is ill. May I have a day ff, 3 ? ”he asked the teacher. “Of curse, yu can. ”replied (答复)the teacher at nce. After a while, the by came t 4 at the teacher’s dr. “May I have a day ff 5 ? ”The teacher was very surprised, “Didn’t yu 6 it just nw? ”“Yes, sir. But I can’t be here 7 , either. ”The teacher understd him and culd nt help 8 . Then he said with a smile, “Why didn’t yu say‘May I have tw days ff? ’”The by answered quickly 9 a lud vice. “But yu nly 10 us‘have a day ff! ’”
      ( )1. A. butB. andC. rD. fr
      ( )2. A. thught hardly
      B. thught hard and hard
      C. hard thught
      D. thught and thught
      ( )3. A. MissB. sirC. teacherD. Mr
      ( )4. A. strikeB. bestC. hitD. knck
      ( )5. A. alsB. againC. tD. nce
      ( )6. A. speakB. tellC. sayD. d
      ( )7. A. tmrrw
      B. the day after tmrrw
      C. yesterday
      D. the day befre yesterday
      ( )8. A. laughB. t laughC. laughedD. laughing
      ( )9. A. withB. nC. inD. by
      ( )10. A. teachB. taughtC. are teachingD. were teaching
      (B)
      请根据内容从所给的15个单词中选出最恰当的10个填入空白处,使短文完整,有些词要根据需要作适当的词形变化。
      than, s, tell, us, them, reprt, beause, lve, cmpsitin, understand, t, that, much, fr, what
      A generatin gap (代沟)has becme a serius prblem. I read a _______(1)abut it in the newspaper. Sme children have killed _______(2)after quarrels (争吵)with parents. I think this is _______(3)they dn’t have a gd talk with each ther. Parents nw spend _______(4)time in the ffice. _______(5)they dn’t have much time t stay with their children. As time passes, they bth feel _______(6)they dn’t have the same tpics(话题)t talk abut. I want t _______(7)parents t be mre with yur children, get t knw them and understand them. And fr children, shw yur feeling _______(8)yur parents. They are the peple wh _______(9)yu. S tell them yur thughts (想法). In this way, yu can have a better _______(10)f each ther.
      完形填空选择题的一般解题思路是:
      1. 跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。先跳过空格,通读试题所给的要完形填空的短文,获得整体印象,做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨,较好地把握短文大意。要在阅读理解短文意思的基础上才开始判定选择,切忌仓促下笔。
      2. 结合选项、综合考虑、初定答案。在理解全文意思的基础上,再结合所给备选项细读全文,联系上、下文内容,注意从上、下文的语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻找解题的提示,以词、句的意义为先,再从分析句子结构入手,根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑,对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选,排除干扰项、初步选定答案。
      3. 瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。对比较明显直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做,一下子不能确定答案的,先跳过这一空格,继续往下做,最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文,随着对短文理解的深入,可以降低试题的难度,提高选择的正确率。
      4. 复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏。完成各道题选择后,把所选的答案代入原文,再把全文通读一篇,逐空认真复查。看所选定的答案是否使短文意思前后连贯、顺理成章,语法结构是否正确,是否符合习惯表达法。如发现错误答案或有疑问的,应再次推敲、反复斟酌、做出修正。
      完形填空试题的一般解题思路是:
      1. 跳过空格、通读短文、了解大意。解题时先跳过空格,通读完形填空的短文,了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首句,善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点,理清文脉,推测全文主题及大意。
      2. 复读短文、确定语义、判断词形。把握短文大意后再认真复读短文,利用上下文的语境,结合所学过的知识,先确定空格处所需词语的意义,再根据空格在句子中的位置,判断其在句中充当的成分,从而确定所填词的词性,再依据词语搭配和语法规则,判断所填的词的正确形式。
      3. 三读短文、上下参照、验证答案。在短文的每一空白处填上一个词后,将完成的短文再细读一遍,上下参照,连贯思考。把所填的答案放入短文中进行检验,可从上、下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章,语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证,凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。
      (三)课文阅读指导
      1. 初中阅读
      阅读理解能力
      (1)理解主旨要义
      (2)理解文中具体信息
      (3)根据上下文猜测生词的意义
      (4)做出简单判断的推理
      (5)理解文章的基本结构
      (6)理解作者的意图和态度
      2. 培养良好阅读习惯
      (1)扩大视距
      (2)克服声读
      (3)克服逐字读
      3. 猜测词文
      (1)通过标题或主题句进行预测
      (2)文章的标题或主题句可包括作者的意图和倾向、篇章的总体意义和深层意义,因此通过文章标题或主题句进行预测,以便正确理解。
      (3)通过语篇标记进行预测
      (4)语篇标记包括关联词、转换词也包括其他关键词。
      (5)利用背景知识预测
      (6)利用图片进行预测
      实战操练
      (答题时间:80分钟)
      一. 选择填空。
      ( )1. Beijing wn the chances _________ the 2008 Olympics.
      A. t hstB. hstC. hstingD. hsted
      ( )2. Tiger Wds can make billins ______ dllars a year.
      A. frB. withC. fD. n
      ( )3. -Yu lked s beautiful at the party.
      -_______.
      A. N, I dn’t think s
      B. Of curse
      C. Thank yu very much
      D. N, I’m nt beautiful
      ( )4. The text is very easy fr yu. There are ______ new wrds in it.
      A. a fewB. a littleC. fewD. little
      ( )5. In the bkshp, a reader asked the shpkeeper ________ “Wh Mved My cheese”was an interesting bk.
      A. thatB. whatC. hwD. if
      ( )6. -In ur English study reading is mre interesting than speaking, I think.
      -I dn’t agree. Speaking is _______ reading.
      A. as imprtant asB. s imprtant as
      C. the mre imprtantD. the mst imprtant
      ( )7. If he ________ harder, he’ll catch up with us.
      A. wrkB. wrksC. wrkedD. will wrk
      ( )8. The manager ________ that the business wuld be wrse after the stck (股票)went dwn.
      A. talkedB. tldC. saidD. spke
      ( )9. We shuld keep _________ in the reading-rm.
      A. quietB. quietlyC. quiteD. quickly
      ( )10. -I think everything ges n well.
      -_______.
      A. S I dB. I d sC. S d I D. S is I
      ( )11. If yu want t watch TV, yu may turn _______.
      A. dwnB. it nC. n itD. it ff
      ( )12. I’m srry I haven’t gt any mney. I’ve ________ my handbag at hme.
      A. missedB. leftC. putD. frgtten
      ( )13. He is listening t the music _______ she is washing clthes.
      A. afterB. befreC. thatD. while
      ( )14. It takes ________ time t g t Beijing by plane than by train.
      A. mreB. fewerC. lngerD. less
      ( )15. -Excuse me. Have yu gt an eraser?
      -Srry, I haven’t. Why _______ yu ask Mary? Perhaps she’s gt ne.
      A. dB. dn’tC. didD. didn’t
      二. 选择恰当的答语。
      _____1. What were yu ding when the UFO landed? A. Yur teacher wn’t let yu in.
      _____2. Will peple use paperB. He said I culdn’t stay ut late.
      mney in the future?
      _____3. I can’t sleep, what shuld I d? C. I was ding my hmewrk.
      _____4. If I wear jeans t schl, D. N, they wn’t. Everyne
      what will happen? will have a credit card.
      _____5. What did yur father say? E. Yu shuld listen t sme
      relaxing music.
      三. 根据汉语提示填空:
      1. 不知道该怎么办,你能给我点建议吗?
      I dn’t knw __________ t d, can yu give me sme _______?
      2. 外星人正在买纪念品的时候,我给警察打了个电话。
      While the alien was _______ a suvenir, I ________ the plice.
      3. 我放学回家的路上,看见一只猫从窗户里跑了出来。
      On my way hme frm schl, I saw a cat get ________ _______ a windw.
      4. 我不想在电话里跟你谈论这件事情。
      I dn’t want t talk _________ it with yu _________ the phne.
      5. 我们要在周五晚上为约翰举办一个惊喜的晚会。
      We are ging t have a _______ party fr Jhn ________ Friday evening.
      四. 完形填空:
      把下面五个句子放在文章中的恰当位置,使文章完整。
      Three men went up in a balln(气球). They started early in Lndn. The headman was Ted, and the ther tw men were Davy and Emili. 1 Sn they heard the sea. They were carrying the usual rpe (绳子), and it was hanging dwn frm the basket f the balln. At the end f the rpe they had tied a metal bx. This culd hld water, r it culd be empty. S 2 . It was fr use ver the sea. They were als carrying sme bags f sand.
      After the sun rse, the balln went higher. It went up t 3,000 metres, and 3 . The water in the balln became ice. Snw fell past the men’s basket, and they culd see mre snw n the grund. 4 , but it was hard. They tried t break the icy sand with their knives, but it was nt easy. The wrk was slw and they were still falling, s they had t drp sme whle bags f sand. One f them fell n an icy lake and made a black hle in the ice.
      At last they pulled the bx int the basket. It was still snwing; s 5 . They rse t 5,100 metres! Everything became icy. They were s cld that they decided t land. They came dwn in Pland heavily but safely. They had travelled 1,797 kilmetres frm Lndn!
      A. The men tried t thrw ut sme mre sand
      B. they were able t change its weight (重量)
      C. They had a big balln and they were ready fr a lng way.
      D. they climbed t get away frm the snw
      E. the air there was very cld
      五. 阅读理解
      (A)
      Einstein Was Waiting fr His Friend
      Once Einstein was waiting fr ne f his friends n a bridge. He was thinking a blem. While he was waiting, it began t rain. The rain kept n fr sme time. When Einstein tk ut a piece f paper frm his pcket t write smething dwn, the paper was wet and then he knew that it was raining. His clthes had becme wet. But after he put the paper int his pcket, he frgt he was standing in the rain again.
      Many scientists are nt careful with their lives. This is because they are t careful with their studies.
      1. What did Einstein d? He was ______.
      A. a dctrB. a teacherC. a scientist
      2. Why was Einstein n a bridge.
      A. Because he was writing smething n the bridge.
      B. Because he was waiting fr a friend.
      C. Because he was thinking.
      3. It rained _________.
      A. smetimesB. fr sme timeC. fr a lng time
      4. Einstein ________ and began t write smething n it.
      A. bught a piece f paper.
      B. tk a piece f paper frm his car.
      C. tk ut a piece f paper frm his pcket.
      5. Which is true?
      A. Einstein was careful with his wrk.
      B. Einstein was careful with his clthes.
      C. Einstein was careful with his friends.
      (B)
      生活中总会有许多意外事故发生,懂得急救或自救是非常重要的。请阅读下面材料,根据1-5小题所描述的救护方法,从A-G七幅图中找出与题意相应的图画(本题共有七幅图,你只能选五幅图,多选不给分。)
      1. If the persn has stpped breathing, yu must try t start his / her breathing at nce. The best thing is t use the muth-t-muth way. Lay the persn n his / her back and breathe int his / her muth.
      2. If the persn is bleeding (流血)badly, yu must try t stp the bleeding. Press n the bleeding pint with a piece f clean clth and hld up the part f the bdy which is bleeding.
      3. If yu are bitten (cut by teeth)by an animal, wash the cut under cld running water. Cver the brken part, if there is any, with a piece f clean clth. Then see a dctr as sn as pssible.
      4. If yu are burnt (hurt by fire r smething very ht), cl the burnt part at nce. Run cl (nt cld)water ver the burn until it is less painful. Then put a piece f dry clean clth ver the burnt part.
      5. If there is a fire, never use a lift in the building, because it’s very dangerus. The lift may get trapped between flrs. Use the stairs and leave the building at nce. 1. _____2. _____3. _____4. _____5. _____
      Here are sme pictures t chse.
      六. 写作:
      (从下列2封来信中选择一封写回信。)
      Dear friend,
      There will be a party this weekend. All my friends are invited t the party except me. I am angry. And I dn’t knw why they didn’t invite me! What d yu think? Can yu help me?
      Upset
      Dear friend,
      I am a new student in Grade One, but my English is t bad. Yesterday I had an English test and my grade was just s s. I want t imprve my English. What shuld I d? Culd yu give me sme advice?
      Lking fr help
      Dear _______,
      ____________________________________________________________________________________________________
      ____________________________________________________________________________________________________
      ____________________________________________________________________________________________________
      ____________________________________________________________________________________________________
      ____________________________________________________________________________________________________
      ____________________________________________________________________________________________________
      ____________________________________________________________________________________________________
      ____________________________________________________________________________________________________
      【试题答案】
      (A)1. A2. D3. B4. D5. B
      6. C7. B8. D9. C10. B
      (B)1. reprt2. themselves3. because
      4. much / mre5. S6. that7. tell
      8. t9. lve10. understanding
      参考练习答案:
      一. 1. A2. C3. C4. C5. D
      6. A7. B8. C9. A10. C
      11. B12. B13. D14. D15. B
      二. 1. C2. D3. E4. A5. B
      三. 1. what, advice2. buying, called
      3. ut, f4. abut, n5. surprise, n
      四. 1. C2. B3. E4. D5. A
      五. (A)1. C2. B3. B4. C5. A
      (B)1. C2. B3. F4. G5. E
      第三部分
      MODULE1 1、如有always ,ften, usually, smetimes, seldm, never, nce ,every...用一般现在时,第一、二人称复数后跟动词原形,第三人称单数后跟动词加's'/'es'。
      2、如有nw ,lk! ,listen, at the mment 用现在进行时,结构是be (am, is, are) +v-ing
      3、如有tmrrw, the day after tmrrw, frm nw n, in +一段时间, sme day, 用一般将来时,结构:will + v原 \ be ging t +v原(没有动词用be )
      4、如有yesterday, , 用一般过去时动词加ed
      give sb. Sth.=give sth. t sb. 给某人某物 every day每天,
      write dwn 写下,记下write it (them) dwn everyday每天的,日常的,
      hw abut ding sth.=what abut ding sth.做怎么样 each ther 互相.
      thanks a lt= thank yu very much非常谢谢
      回答That's all right. =Yu're welcme.= That'OK.= It's my pleasure.=Nt at all.Why dn't yu+V原 nt+原 为什么不
      help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助别人 help sb. (t )d sth.帮助某人做某事
      with ne's help=with the help f sb.在某人的帮助help neself t sth.请自用食物
      watch sb. d sth. 看到某人做了某事,(现在没有做,做过)
      watch sb. ding sth.看到某人正在做某事(正在做)see, hear类似
      remember t d sth.想起记得要做某事,未做事 remember ding sth.相起记得做过某事
      frget t d sth. 忘记要做某事 frget ding sth.忘记做过某事
      welcme back欢迎回来 , new term新学期
      this term这学期 , next term 下学学期,
      last term上学期, give yu sme advice给你一些建议,
      why nt 为什么不, make a mistake=make mistakes犯错误,
      crrect spelling正确的拼写, what else?=what ther things? 还有什么
      a piece f advice 一条建议, fllw /take ne's advice采用别人的建议,
      send sth t sb.=send sb. sth. 寄给某人 send fr派人去请/取
      send up发射. all the time一直
      enjy neself=have a gd time=have a great time=have fun, 玩得愉快
      lts f =a lt f =many(可数)\much(不可数)许多 , ,
      spend : sb. spend sme time n sth.某人花费时间做某事
      sb. spend sme time (in) ding sth. 某人花费时间做某事
      Sb. spend sme mney n sth. 某人花费钱买某物
      Sb. spend sme mney (in) buying sth.某人花费钱买某物
      Cst: sth. cst sb. sme mney 某物花去某人钱
      pay: sb. pay sme mney fr sth. 某人支付钱
      Take: It takes (tk) sb.sme time t d sth.做某事花去某人时间
      ask fr 请求,要求, ask sb. fr sth.向某人要某物
      ask sb. t d sth.要求某人做某事 a piece f一块
      enjy ding sth喜欢做某事.finish,practise, mind, miss ,cnsider,keep, cntinue,这些词语后跟动名词形式V-ing
      place sth.in =put sth. in 把某物放在…里面
      else常修饰不定代词,关系代词或副词,也可修饰all, much,little等,else要位于其后。所有格为else's.
      take a deep breath深呼吸, catch\hld ne's breath屏住呼吸,
      ut f breath上气不接下气, wish sb. t d sth.希望某人做某事,
      the number f …的数目,后跟名词复数,动词用三单, a number f =many,大量,许多后跟名词复数,动词用复数形式。a large number f, a small number f ,
      invite sb.t d sth. 邀请某人做某事 find+ it+ adj+t d sth.发现做某事怎么样
      try t d sth.尽力做事 try ding sth. 尝试做某事
      try nt t d sth .尽力不做某事 try ne's best尽某人最大的努力,
      a grup f 一组,一群, brrw sth frm sb.从某人处借入某物,
      lend sth.t sb=lend sb.sth.借给某人某物 keep借一段时间
      practice ding sth.,练习做做某事 cme frm=be frm来自,
      lk fr 寻找, lk after=care fr=take care f照顾
      lk up 向上看,查阅, lk like看起来像,
      lk at 看着, lk n sb. as把某人看作,
      lk frward t ding sth. 盼望,期待做某事 lk ver检查,翻阅 ,
      lk ut当心,向外看 , lk thrugh仔细查看,
      be ready fr =get ready fr=prepare fr为…, be ready准备好 ,
      be (get ) ready t d sth.准备做某事,乐意做某事 translate…int… 将…译成…,
      take a message捎个信, leave a message留个信,
      be gd fr 对…有好处, be gd at =d well in擅长于…
      be pr at =be bad at =d badly in=be weak in不擅长… Think f 想起,
      think abut想出, think ver仔细考虑,
      else修饰不定代词smething,everything,anything,nthing,smebdy,anybdy,
      nbdy和wh, what,when,where时放后,
      四说,1,speak说语言,2.say说内容,3,talk与谁说,4,tell告诉,讲述,
      四看,1,watch观看电视,比赛和表演,2,see看人,电影,医生,风景,
      3,read看书,报,4,lk就看。 看场电影要用see,读书看报用read 电视、戏剧、比赛,凡是表演用watch,bserve细观察,一时注意用ntice.
      make+宾语+补足语(形容词)使某人某物怎么样。
      .make+宾语+d 让某人做某事
      make+宾语+过去分词 使某人被怎么样;make friends with sb.与某人交朋友,
      hear f听说, hear frm收到某人的来信,
      be bad fr对…有害, it is +adj.+f sb +t d sth.写性格,品质kind, gd
      nice ,right,wrng,clever,careless,plite,flish等。
      It is+adj+fr sb +t d sth. 对物的评价difficult,easy hard,dangerus,imprtant,等
      write t… 给…写信, next t 在…旁边,
      d sme cncerts办音乐会, speak t sb.和某人讲话,
      say hell t sb. 给某人问好, say bye t sb.向某人说再见,
      shw sb. arund smewhere带某人参观某地, learn sth frm sb.向某人学习
      chse the crrect answers选择正确答案, crrect the mistakes改错,
      match …with…把…和…搭配起来
      建议:1.why dn't yu d sth?=why nt d sth?
      2.Hw abut ding sth?=what abut ding sth?
      3.Yu shuld /can d sth. 4.Remember t d sth.
      5.Dn't frget t d sth. 6.can yu d sth ?
      7.Let's d sth. 8.It'sa gd idea t d
      9.wuld yu like t d ? 10.Shall we d
      11.Yu'd better (nt )d sth.
      回答:That's a gd idea.Thanks a lt.
      Great, OK. That's right. All right. Gd idea. Sure.
      MODULE2 现在完成时:
      1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,或结果,常与recently, ever, never,already,yet ,just,befre still连用;
      2.表示发生在过去并且一直持续到现在的动作或状态,常与fr+时间段或since+时间点连用。
      结构:have(has)+过去分词,
      get int=enter进入, what's the price f …=hw much is …问价格
      dream abut梦到, dream f 梦见,
      arund the wrld=all ver the wrld全世界, stay with sb.与某人呆一起
      stay in bed呆在床上 , stay at hme呆在家里,
      take ff 脱下,起飞, land n/in /at 着路,
      all ver China,全中国, take a seat =have a seat请坐 ,
      cme ture实现, fly t =g t plane(by air),坐飞机
      drive t =g t …by car开车, walk t =g t…n ft步行去
      sell ut 卖光, at the end 在结束时, at the end f在…尽头/结尾 ,
      have been t去过(现在不在那儿) , have gne t 去了(现在不在说话地)
      everyday English日常英语, first price一等奖,
      The mst exciting experience最激动人心的经历, befre lng不久,
      lng befre=sn=a little later很久以前, n prblem没问题,
      have a prblem in ding sth.做某事有困难, wrk ut a prblem解决一个问题,
      invite sb t d sth,邀请某人做某事 invite sb t sme place邀请某人去某地,
      ne day,某一天,(过去或将来) sme day某一天(将来) ,
      连系动词,一是be (am, is ,are ,was ,were,)一感觉feel ,一保持keep,三变becme,get turn,
      四起来taste ,smell , lk, sund,后跟形容词作表语。
      不定代词:smebdy, sme ne某人,anybdy,anyne任何人nbdy,n ne,没人everyne,everybdy每个人,smething某物 ,anything任何物,nthing没事,everything一切事物,修饰他们的形容词放后。
      different kinds f =all kinds f 不同种类的,各种各样的,
      by the end f 到…末为止,不迟于
      give a cncert=give cncerts举办音乐会, in the end =finally,最后,终于,
      take a pht=take phts照相,店 ck sth fr sb.=ck sb.sth. 为某人做饭buy,make
      such+a /an +adj+单数名词=s +adj+a/an+单数名词 (名前such,形副s,多多少少也用s,little属特殊,“小”用such,少用s.)
      交通工具的乘坐,take the(a) +交通工具t , =+交通工具= /in+a(the)+交通工具(小汽车只能用in ,其余的可用in ,n);
      walk t sme where=g ft; fly t smewhere.=g plane
      ride t smewhere= bike, drive t smewhere=g t by car,
      a kind f一种 , be kind t sb对某人友善 .since then从那时起,
      take ff 脱下,起飞,请假, reckn=cnsider =regard =think考虑,认为,
      be reckned (t be) ,被以为 相当于
      regard 把当成 in the pht,在照片里
      g abrad,出国 be abrad,在国外 travel abrad,到国外旅行
      sell ut,卖光 sell t , 卖给某人 sell well卖得好 ,
      四个也:als,肯定,行前be 后;t肯定,句末;either,否定,句末;as well,肯定,句末。
      g t sleep,去睡觉 the price f,的价格,形容价格用high,lw。
      sell sth at a high price,以高价出售, sell sth at a lw price,以低价出售。
      yet ,用于完成时态的否定句和疑问句中;have a wnderful time 玩得高兴,
      wuld like t d sth=want t d sth,想要做某事
      wuld like sb. t d sth=wat sb t d sth想要某人做某事
      MODULE3
      already早已,用于完成时的肯定,; yet,用于完成时的否定和疑问; just,用于完成时
      just nw=a mment ag用于过去时,
      arrive at (小地方)/in(大地方)=reach=get t ,到达
      bring,从外往里拿, take ,从里往外拿, carry无方向, fetch往返拿,
      mre than ,=ver,多于 less than,少于
      alne,个体单独,独自; lnely,孤独,寂寞,也表示荒凉,
      mst f.. ..的大多数, a visit t 对 ...的参观,
      n a visit ,参观... fr a visit 参观, pay a visit t ,拜访
      as 和一样 nt as s 不如,
      s 如此...以致于如果that后是否定,就可以用转换,如果是肯定就用,形容+enugh(fr sb )t d sth.
      be famus fr 因...面著名(原因), be famus as以...身份或产地而著名
      prefer ding sth. t ding sth.=like ding sth better than ding sth更喜欢做某事,
      prefer t 更喜欢... prefer t d sth rather than d sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事,
      return frm a visit t 从...访问返回, be named after 以...的名字命名,
      be prud f 以自豪, be up t sb.由某人决定,
      up t 从事于,忙于, space statin在太空站,
      shw sth t sb.=shw sb sth把某物给某人看, n business出差,因...公事,
      在...的上面 ver,在..上面,正上方,中间有段空间,反义为under
      n 在...上面,贴着物表,反义beneath, abve在..上方,高出,反义belw
      in the sky=in the air在天空中, by air=by plane坐飞机,
      in the last three years在过去三年里,用于现在完成时,
      nne 用于三个以上的全否定,反义为all;neither两个都不,反义为bth,
      the lastest news,最新消息, share sth.with sb.与分享某物
      MODULE4 get n /alng with sb,与...相处, get n well with sb.与...相处融洽
      hear abut ,hear f 听说, in fact实际上,
      the Hpe Schls,希望学校 lk after=take care f =care fr,照顾
      drp ut f schl,缀学 take part in, 参加
      pay fr ,支付,付钱 hw lng ,多长时间
      hw sn,多久 get n badly with ,与...相处不好
      hear frm sb.收到某人的信,电子邮件等 n the farm ,在农场上
      in the last+一段时间,in th past +一段时间in the recent+ 一段时间,这三个用于现在完成时
      because f因为 , sell sth.t sb.=sell sb .sth.,把某物卖给某人
      buy sth frm sth fr sb..给某人买东西 get an educatin接受教育,
      take part in=jin参加, in gd/bad health身体健康/不健康,
      care abut关心,在乎, take care 当心,
      hw ften隔多久一次, stp ding sth.停止做某事,
      stp t d sth.停下来去做别的事, dress /undressr+人,
      put n/wear/take ff+衣, drp ut 退出,离队,
      drp in 顺便来访, drp ut f schl 退学
      pint at 指着, pint t 指向,put n ne's clthes穿上衣服
      with the help f sb.=wiht sb's help 在别人的帮助下withut the help f sb.无人帮助的情况 at hme and abrad在国内外
      非延续性动词变为延续动词:
      buy--have pen--be pen jin --be in brrw--keep die ---be dead
      leave--be away cme here---be here g there--be there begin--be n
      finish--be ver make friends--be friends get ready--be ready buy--get /have
      arrive/get t /reach/cme--be in \be at /stay, put n--have n /wear get up--be up
      可延续性动词不可以与fr 或since 连用,非延续性动词的否定式也可以和fr /since连用.
      ther其他的,另外的,别的; anther另一个人或事物;
      the ther两个中的另一个; the thers其余的,剩下的人或事物;
      thers其他的,另外的,别的人或物
      MODULE 5 n earth ,究竟,到底,可用在when ,what ,wh,where,hw ,which,why 等之后,相当于in the wrld,用在否定句中相当于nt all;
      a fan f ,...的迷 give a cncert =give cncerts,举行音乐会
      be famus fr ,因..而著名(后+人或物某方面的特点,特长)
      be famus as ,作为...而闻名(后+身份职业)
      at the age f =when ld, 在...岁的时候
      nt als..不仅..而且(就近原则)上 classical music,古典音乐
      belng t ,属于 sth belng t sb. 物属于人
      acrss ,从一定范围内的一边到另一边,表面进行thrugh,从中间通过或穿过,里面进行;ver上方通过,不接触表面;
      hear f 听说, be brn出生, g thrugh穿过,
      I'm nt sure我不确定, I'm sure肯定,
      make sb.+adj使某人怎么样, make sb .d sth.使某人做某事,
      take sb. arund带人四处走走, a piece f music一首乐曲,
      in additin t 除...以外,buy him a guitar=buy a guitar fr him给某人买吉他,
      g n with sth.继续做某事, g n ding sth.继续做某事,
      die f 患..而死,常接hunger, cld, illness,cancer内部原因,
      die frm由于..,而死,常接a wund ,an accident,carelessness外部原因,
      learn t d sth学做某事, learn frm sb.向某人学习,
      heart熟记,背诵, learn ne's lessn frm...从... 中吸取教训,
      反意疑问句:
      先断"定",判断是否定或肯定.
      如有nt ,never, few, little, hardly, n ,nbdy,seldm,nthing等词,则是否定,后面该用肯定.
      后找"动",观察前面的动词,若含有或情态动词直接用,若为实义动词原形,用d,三单用des,过去式用did, had better用had
      换代,主语定代词,三单用he ,she ,it ,复用they we ; smebdy,nbdy 类似的用they,和thing一起的用
      肯定祈使句,反问句部分可用will yu /wn't yu ?否定祈使句,用will yu ?
      Let's...用shall we? let 用will yu?,
      在think,believe,suppse+从句结构中,疑问句部分与从句保持一致,同时主句的否定转移到从句中; 但第二,三人称与主句保持一致:I dn't think yu have dne it ,have yu? /He desn't think yu have dne it ,des he?即:当主句人称是一,从句是二时,看二;当主句是三时,就看三。
      回答只针对事实作答;Yes+肯定 ,N+否定
      give sb.sth=give sth.t sb. 给某人某物,give in投降,
      give up ding sth 放弃, give ut 分发,
      give a way t 对...让步, n the earth在地球上,
      既又 就近原则 既不又不,就近原则
      要么要么.there be, nt als就近原则,,
      may be可能是. maybe=perhaps大概,也许
      In additin t ..除...以外(还有) =besides, but 除..之外,,常与否定意义词连用,当but前有d时but后接原形, except,除之外(不包括)
      n hliday度假, f curse=,sure当然
      all types f呼种 , part time jb,一份兼职工作
      n ne's wn独自 , be led by由带领
      MODULE 6 过去进行时
      用法:1.表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或正存在的状态,一般常和at that time,at 点yesterday,then,last night,this time yesterday ,the whle mrning,when I arrived 等特定的过去时间连用。
      表示一个过去动作发生时或发生之后,另一个动作正在进行或两个延续性过去的动作同时进行,常与when,while引导的时间状语从句连用。
      结构:was /were +V-ing
      g n 继续, g n ding sth继续做某事(同一件事),
      g n t d sth 继续做某事(另一件事),
      g n with sth继续做同一件事,但中间暂停过,
      Hw is it ging ?=Hw are yu getting n /alng?近况如何?
      by the river,在河边
      at this time yesterday昨天 的这个时候, in a tree=in the tree ,在树上(外来物)
      n a tree =n the tree,在树上,(树本身的) smile at sb. 朝着某人微笑,
      laugh at sb.嘲笑某人 fall int ,掉进,跌入
      fall ff 掉下来, fall behind ,落后,跟不上
      fall in lve with,爱上 be careful,小心
      by mistake由于出错 at taht /this time在那/这时
      have nthing t d 没事可做, nthing strange没什么奇怪的,
      take sth. ut f 把...从...拿出来, happen t d sth.碰巧做某事
      感官动词see ,hear ,watch,feel ,ntice,smell,taste后+名词或代词+动词原形(表示动作已经发生)后+名词或代词+Ving(表示动作正在进行)
      under th hedge在树篱下面, g dwn下去,
      think abut 考虑, think f想起,认为 ,
      think ver仔细考虑, think ut,想出
      think hard,努力想,努力思考 What happened t sb.?某人发生了什么事?
      be n 上演, g ff熄灭,停,
      英语中当几个单数人称同时作主语时,先后顺序是“二、三、一”
      nt 直到才(主句中常用非延续性动词)
      till/until直到为止(主句中常用延续性动词)
      smething wrng with...,出了毛病,lie in bed 躺在床上,
      jump ut f从...跳出来 ,n ne's way t smeplace,在某人去某地的路上
      n ne's way hme在某人回家的路上,frm ,从...到(动词+Ving)
      when,while ,as的区别 当...时候
      When可与持续性动词连用,表示"一段时间,"也可与短暂性动词连用,表示"时刻".主句的动作可以与从句的动作同时发生,也可以先后发生.如果主从句都是短暂性动词时,只能用When
      While表示主句和从句的动作同时发生.其从句的动词必须为延续性动词,从句多用进行时态,也可用表示状态的动词的一般时态.如果主从句都是进行时,只能用While
      as与When同义,但as指主句的动作和从句的动作交替进行或同步发展.
      wear ut 穿坏,穿旧,用坏, cheer up 使振奋;使兴奋,
      fllw ne's advice听从某人的建议, lk int向...的里面看,
      stp t d sth. 停下做另一件事 stp ding sth.停止做某事
      stp ding sth.阻止做某事, what kind哪种,
      a kind f一种, all kinds f =different kinds f 各种各样的,
      kind f =a bit=a little 有点, walk alng沿着走,
      by mistake 错误地,无意地, by neself单独,独立地,
      by the way, 顺便说 墙的表面用n,墙的内部用in
      have smething t d有事可做 ,have smething t eat有可吃的东西 ,
      have nthing t drink没有什么喝的东西 feel tired感到疲劳
      n ne,一般不与f连用,动词用单数,只指人,一般用来回答wh
      nne ,可与f连用,动词可用单数或复数,指人或物,回答hw many /hw much引导的问句,以及含any+n 的一般问句
      Nthing,指物,动词用单数,
      withut ding sth.没做,be tired=get tired累了,
      during the day 一整天,
      被动语态的结构是:be+及物动词的过去分词
      变法:1主+谓+宾语.将宾语变作主语,将谓语变被动语态,将主语变by宾语.
      2.主+谓+间宾+直宾 将间接宾语变作主语,谓语变成被动语态,直接宾语不变.
      3主+谓+直宾+间宾+t或fr 将直变主,将谓变被告,其余不变.by原主
      4.主+谓+宾+宾补 宾作主,谓变被,其余不变,by原主.
      5.主+谓+宾+宾补(let,see,make ,hear,watch ,feel, help, ntice,bserve,lk at ,listen
      t )变为被动时,后加t
      主+短语动词+宾语, 宾作主,短变被,其余不变,by原主.
      带有be ging t,be abut t ,be t ,have t ,used t ,be suppsed t ,be sure t
      等要将t后来动词变以被动
      8.被动语态的每种时态
      第四部分
      初中英语语法真题讲义
      主讲:王川
      欢迎使用新东方在线电子教材
      第二部分 历届试题精选
      Unit 1
      1. jack, gd by! Please pass ________ the glasses. I want t read the newspaper.
      A. yu B. me C. him D. her
      2.This mrning I had ________ egg and a bttle f milk fr my breakfast.
      A. an B. a C. the D.不填
      冠词
      不定冠词
      定冠词
      零冠词
      3. —Hw many ________ can yu see in the fllwing pictures?
      —Three.
      A. bys B. animals C. films D. buildings
      4. Timmy ges t schl ________ every day. It's 5 minutes' walk frm his hme t schl.
      A. in a bus B. by plane C. n ft D. by bat
      5. Everything is ________ at night markets. Yu dn't need a lt f mney t have a gd time.
      A. cheap B. bad C. tired D. dear
      6. —Excuse me, ________ is the nearest bkshp?
      —G dwn the street and turn left at the secnd crner.
      A. hw B. what C. where D. wh
      7. The sign  tells us ________.
      A. NO SMOKING B. NO PARKING
      C. NO PHOTOS D. NO FOOD
      8. —Can yu play ftball?
      —Yes, I can, ________ I can't play it very well.
      转折关系
      A. r B. and C. s D. but
      9. Last mnth, students had t have their lessns by internet ________ because f SARS.
      A. n the playgrund B. at hme
      C. in the street D. near the hspital
      10. It is ________ tday than yesterday. Shall we g swimming this afternn?
      A .the httest B. ht
      C. httest D. htter
      最高级要加the,由于ht为重读闭音节所以要双写t加est。
      11. Listen! Sme f the girls ________ abut Harry Ptter. Let's jin them!
      A. are talking B. talk
      C. will talk D. talked
      出现listen,lk等词,优先考虑使用进行时态。
      12. ________ Chinese are lking fr ways t learn English well befre Beijing 2008 Olympics.
      A. Thusand B. Thusands
      C. Thusand f D. Thusands f
      数字+thusand原形正确
      Thusands f 正确,其他形式不正确
      13. Our teacher, Miss Chen, ________ English n the radi the day befre yesterday.
      A. teaches B. taught
      C. will teach D. had taught
      14. D yu knw ________ during the cming summer hliday?
      A. what will Tm d B. what did Tm d
      C. what Tm will d D. what Tm did
      考虑两点问题就能解题:
      1.语序:陈述语序
      2.时态:看时间状语
      15. The English nvel is quite easy fr yu. There are ________ new wrds in it.
      A. a little B. little C. a few D. few
      判断标准:
      1.Little few的区别
      2.肯定还是否定
      16. I dn't think I ________ yu in that dress befre.
      A. have seen B. was seeing
      C. saw D. see
      17. Tday sme newly-prduced mbile phnes can take pictures ________ a camera.
      A. as B. fr C. like D. f
      18. —Yu want ________ sandwich?
      —Yes, I usually eat a lt when I'm hungry.
      A. ther B. anther C. thers D. the ther
      19. —Dn't yu think yu shuld paint the wall?
      —Wh wuld ________?
      A. see B. lk C. watch D. ntice
      20. —I frgt t bring my ntebk.
      —________. Yu can brrw sme paper frm me.
      A. Help yurself B. I'm srry
      C. N prblem D. S careless
      答案:Unit 1 BABCA CADBD ADBCD ACBDC
      Unit 2
      1. That girl is new in ur class. D yu knw ________ name?
      A. her B. she C. he D. his
      2. Lk! there ________ sme apples in that tree.
      A. is B. was C. are D. were
      判断条件:
      1.倒装真正的主语的单数复数
      2.时态
      3. —Can yu play with a y-y, Jim?
      —Yes, I ________ . It's easy.
      A. must B. can C. need D. may
      Can与may的区别:can表示自身能力,may表示许可
      4. I'd like smething t read. Wuld yu please pass me the ________?
      A. pen B. bx C. ruler D. bk
      5. The cmputer is very useful in ur life, ________ it?
      A. isn't B. wasn't C. hasn't D. desn't
      反意疑问句中提问部分助动词和主句要一致
      6. —________ is a ticket fr the film hacker II?
      —Abut frty Yuan.
      A. Hw ld B. Hw many C. Hw much D. Hw ften
      7. September 10th is ________.
      A. Wmen's Day B. Children's Day
      C. Mid-autumn Day D. Teachers' Day
      8. Be careful, ________ yu will fall ff the tree.
      A. s B. r C. but D. and
      9. —Li Lei did very well in the English exam.
      —Oh, yeah! He is ________ English.
      A. weak in B. angry with
      C. gd at D. afraid f
      10. She will have a hliday as sn as she ________ the wrk next week.
      A. finishes B. desn't finish
      C. will finish D. wn't finish
      条件句中一般现在时表示将来时态为考试的考察重点内容
      11. This secnd-hand camera is much ________ than that new ne.
      A. cheap B. cheaper C. dear D. dearest
      12. —Where is Mr. Green nw? I haven't seen him fr a few days.
      —He ________ Hng Kng.
      A. has been t B. had been t
      C. had gne t D. has gne t
      注意:been t 在考试中从来没有作为正确选项
      13. —Culd yu let me knw ________ yesterday?
      —Because the traffic was heavy.
      A. why did yu cme late B. why yu came late
      C. why d yu cme late D. why yu cme late
      14. It's t dark here. Please ________ the light.
      A. turn back B. turn dwn
      C. turn n D. turn ff
      15. Which f the fllwing means "N Phts"?

      答案:Unit 2 ACBDA CDBCA BDBCA
      Unit 3
      1. Culd yu shw me the way t the pst ffice?
      A. make B. ask C. tell D. want
      2. Mst f the American peple are friendly.
      A. friend B. lucky C. well D. kind
      选择替代词的时候一定要保证词性一致
      3. She lked tired after a lng walk.
      A. seemed B. saw C. watched D. fund
      系动词有:
      Be动词
      keep, remain, stay, lie, stand
      seem, appear, lk
      feel, smell, sund, taste
      becme, grw, turn, get,
      trun ut
      4. His new shirt is t expensive.
      A. dear B. large C. lng D. cheap
      5. I received a letter frm ne f my friends in Beijing yesterday.
      A. read a letter fr B. heard frm
      C. wrte a letter t D. heard
      6. This ruler is mine. ________ is ver there.
      A. She B. She's C. Her D. Hers
      形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词
      7. There ________ sme children playing n the playgrund.
      A. is B. are C. has D. have
      8. We are all here ________ Li Ming because he is ill.
      A. besides B. and C. except D. f
      Besides是包含关系
      Except是不包含关系
      9. Their daughter is ________ Lucy.
      A. ld than B. very ld than
      C. as lder as D. as ld as
      10. ________ make him d that. He is t yung.
      A. Dn't B. Nt t C. T nt D. T dn't
      祈使句用dn’t开头否定
      11. I dn't have ________ dresses, but I have ________ skirts.
      A. any, any B. sme, sme
      C. any, sme D. sme, any
      12. —Is it ________ English dictinary?
      —Yes, and it is ________ useful ne.
      A. a, a B. a, an C. an, a D, an, an
      13. Eat less, ________ yu'll get fat.
      A. r B. and C. but D. s
      14. I dn't knw the wrd. Culd yu help me t ________ in the dictinary?
      A. lk it B. lk at it
      C. lk after it D. lk it up
      15. ________ peple are fighting against SARS.
      A. Millin f B. A millin f
      C. Millins f D. Several millins
      16. ________ t ask me fr help.
      A. Why dn't cme B. Why nt cme
      C. Why nt t cme D. Why t nt cme
      17. Have yu ever heard ________ interesting stry?
      A. s B. such C. s an D. such an
      18. Yu ________cme if yu ________ busy tmrrw.
      A. nt need, are B. must, will be
      C. needn't, are D. needn't, be
      19. —Is yur father in?
      —N, he________ fr three hurs.
      A. was ut B. has been ut
      C. went ut D. has gne ut
      20. I didn't knw ________they culd pass the exam r nt.
      A. that B. what C. which D. whether
      答案:Unit 3 CDAAB DBCDA CCADC BDCBD
      Unit 4
      1. —D yu enjy yur stay in Hangzhu?
      —Yes. I've had ________ wnderful time.
      A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
      2. —This digital camera is really cheap!
      —The ________ the better. I'm shrt f mney, yu see.
      A. cheap B. cheaper
      C. expensive D. mre expensive
      3. —It's a nice car. ________have yu been in it?
      —Just t Shanghai.
      A. Hw much B. Hw lng C. Hw sn D. Hw far
      4. —What is a writing brush, d yu knw?
      —It's used ________ writing and drawing.
      A. with B. t C. fr D. by
      Be used t ding习惯做某事
      Used t d过去常常做某事
      Be used t d被动形式,表示什么东西被用来做什么
      Be used fr ding 被动形式,表示什么东西被用来做什么
      5. —Where is jack, please?
      —He ________ be in the reading rm.
      A. can B. need C. wuld D. must
      情态动词表示推断为情态动词重点考试内容。
      肯定句中might

      相关试卷

      人教版初中英语---中考一轮复习语法必考点精讲精练---简单句:

      这是一份人教版初中英语---中考一轮复习语法必考点精讲精练---简单句,共18页。试卷主要包含了 句子成分的概念,充当词, 选择疑问句, 反意疑问句等内容,欢迎下载使用。

      中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习主谓一致要点精读与精练 (含详解):

      这是一份中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习主谓一致要点精读与精练 (含详解),共19页。试卷主要包含了单项选择,短文填空等内容,欢迎下载使用。

      中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习长难句要点精读与拓展 (含详解):

      这是一份中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习长难句要点精读与拓展 (含详解),共19页。试卷主要包含了长难句分析攻略,熟词生义应对攻略等内容,欢迎下载使用。

      资料下载及使用帮助
      版权申诉
      • 1.电子资料成功下载后不支持退换,如发现资料有内容错误问题请联系客服,如若属实,我们会补偿您的损失
      • 2.压缩包下载后请先用软件解压,再使用对应软件打开;软件版本较低时请及时更新
      • 3.资料下载成功后可在60天以内免费重复下载
      版权申诉
      若您为此资料的原创作者,认为该资料内容侵犯了您的知识产权,请扫码添加我们的相关工作人员,我们尽可能的保护您的合法权益。
      入驻教习网,可获得资源免费推广曝光,还可获得多重现金奖励,申请 精品资源制作, 工作室入驻。
      版权申诉二维码
      欢迎来到教习网
      • 900万优选资源,让备课更轻松
      • 600万优选试题,支持自由组卷
      • 高质量可编辑,日均更新2000+
      • 百万教师选择,专业更值得信赖
      微信扫码注册
      微信扫码注册
      qrcode
      二维码已过期
      刷新

      微信扫码,快速注册

      手机号注册
      手机号码

      手机号格式错误

      手机验证码 获取验证码 获取验证码

      手机验证码已经成功发送,5分钟内有效

      设置密码

      6-20个字符,数字、字母或符号

      注册即视为同意教习网「注册协议」「隐私条款」
      QQ注册
      手机号注册
      微信注册

      注册成功

      返回
      顶部
      初中月考 初中寒假 中考一轮 精选专题 小学寒假 教师福利
      添加客服微信 获取1对1服务
      微信扫描添加客服
      Baidu
      map