福建省南平市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）

这是一份福建省南平市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版），共21页。试卷主要包含了15， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
(考试时间： 120分钟 试卷满分：150分)
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时， 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例： Hw much is the shirt?
A.£ 19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.
答案是 C。
1. Hw des the man plan t g t Texas?
A. By air. B. By car. C. By train.
2. What is the man’s driving speed nw?
A.80 mph. B.60 mph. C.20mph.
3. Wh is the wman prbably talking t?
A. A dctr. B. Her husband. C. A teacher.
4. What is Lily ging t d n Sunday?
A. See a mvie. B. Attend a meeting. C. Visit her family.
5. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a cinema. B. In an ffice. C. In a classrm.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A birthday plan. B. An utdr sprt. C. A weekend activity.
7. What will the speakers prbably d tday?
A. See a film. B. Play tennis. C. Take an art lessn.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至 10题。
8. Wh will surely g t the party?
A. Jerme and Anna. B. Jamie and Michelle. C. Juliet and Jamie.
9. When will the wman prbably get there?
A. At 5:50. B. At 6:45. C. At 7:15.
10. What will the wman bring t the party?
A. Pizza. B. Dessert. C. Wine.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Family members. C. Teacher and student.
12. What is the man’s reprt abut?
A. Hw t make hney. B. Hw t make chclate. C. Hw t make cheese.
13. What will the wman d first?
A. G t the library. B. Search the Internet. C. D an interview.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。
14. What did the speakers d n the first day?
A. They went swimming. B. They went climbing. C. They went fishing.
15. Hw did the wman feel befre camping?
A. Curius. B. Uncertain. C. Excited.
16. What des the man advise the wman t take next time?
A. Enugh fd. B. Warm clthes. C. Sme medicine.
17. Which activity did the man like best?
A. Singing arund the fire.
B. Swimming in the lake.
C. Walking in the cuntry.
听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。
18. Where was Y-Y Ma brn?
A. In Beijing. B. In Paris. C. In New Yrk.
19. When did Y-Y Ma give his first shw n televisin?
A. At age five. B. At age seven. C. At age eight.
20. What d we knw abut Y-Y Ma?
A. He wrked at the Juilliard Schl.
B. He wn fifteen Grammy Awards.
C. He can play varius types f music.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Firstsite, an arts gallery (艺术馆) in Clchester, pens all year fr free with a variety f paintings, films, learning activities and events, alngside a cafe and a shp! Here’s sme infrmatin t help yu plan yur visit.
Opening times
Mnday: Clsed Tuesday-Wednesday:10 a. m.-5 p. m.
Thursday-Saturday:10 a. m.-10 p. m. Sunday: 10 a. m.-5 p. m.
Where t find us
Firstsite, Lewis Gardens, High Street, Clchester, Essex, CO11JH
Getting here
By bike
Yu can ride yur bikes t Firstsite. T view the Clchester cycle map and find ut mre infrmatin abut cycling in Clchester, visit www.
By bus
Queen Street Stp Jc, just by the Curzn Cinema, is ur nearest bus stp. This is served by bus rutes 64,64A and 65. Firstsite is just a 10-minute walk frm Clchester’s bus statin n Osbrne Street. Fr bus times, check 01206877620.
By train
Jurney time frm Lndn Liverpl Street t Clchester is abut 50 minutes with trains running every hur. T find ut abut live train times t and frm this statin alng with specific directins frm the statin t Firstsite, visit 01206713700.
●Enjying art
Chatting is encuraged at Firstsite —it’s OK t talk and make sme nise! We als welcme phts with n flash in the gallery. Relax in ur clurful cafr with utdr seating and find beautiful prducts in ur shp. There are als n “right answers” in art—yu dn’t have t “get it” t enjy it; just cme in, take it in and explre yur reactins.
1. Which day wuld yu chse if visiting Firstsite at 6 p. m.
A. Mnday.B. Tuesday.C. Friday.D. Sunday.
2. What can visitrs d t learn mre abut ways t Firstsite?
A. Call the lcal statin.B. View the bus map.
C. Visit the given websites.D. Check the train schedule.
3. What is encuraged during the visit t Firstsite?
A. Cmmunicating with thersB. Taking phts with flash.
C. Sharing beautiful prducts.D. Lking fr right answers in art.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了科尔切斯特的艺术画廊Firstsite全年免费开放的有关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Opening times下列“Thursday-Saturday:10 a. m.-10 p. m. (星期四至星期六：上午10时至晚上10时。)”并结合其他开放时间及选项可知，如果下午6点去Firstsite，你应该选择星期五。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Getting here下列By bike中“T view the Clchester cycle map and find ut mre infrmatin abut cycling in Clchester, visit www. (要查看科尔切斯特自行车地图并找到更多关于在科尔切斯特骑自行车的信息，请访问www. )”以及By bus和By train中的相关内容可知，访问者可以通过访问给定的网站来了解更多关于访问Firstsite的方法。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段Enjying art中“Chatting is encuraged at Firstsite —it’s OK t talk and make sme nise! (Firstsite鼓励聊天——说话和制造一些噪音是可以的！)”可知，在参观Firstsite期间鼓励与人交流。故选A项。
B
Nt lng ag when I had a dinner party, a guest nticed the gravy bat (船形酱汁壶) — a piece f china, “Is it a heirlm (传家宝)?” The bat is very ld, matches nthing else, and has a V-shaped cut n it. But it is the ne I will keep frever.
Our histry tgether began fifty years ag when I was seven. That December the river started t rise. We wrked hard against the disaster and even kept a rwbat dwnstairs. My mther carefully packed the china in the study upstairs because it’d been her mther’s and was valuable t her. She tld me, “Yu must treasure the things peple yu lve have treasured. It keeps yu in tuch with them.” But then I didn’t really understand her cncern.
The water rse higher. One night, the flr f the study fell thrugh and the china was n the first flr under the rising river. The lss really brke her heart. That night she sat n the tp f the stairs and cried.
The next mrning I culd tell hw bad she still felt. Suddenly I saw the rwbat —yes, I culd fish fr the china. I put a hk (钩) nt a line, let it dwn until I felt it hit bttm and slwly mved the rwbat back and frth, pulling my line, but time after time I pulled the line up empty.
When we had t leave as the water pured in, I tried fr the last time. Suddenly I felt smething and raised my catch. The gravy bat! The mment I tk it ut in frnt f my mther, she was in tears f jy.
It was just then that I realized hw deeply that ld gravy bat cnnected me t the peple and places f my past, tying me t my mther as well as her life, her jy and her lve.
4. What can we learn abut the gravy bat?
A. It is fifty years ld.B. It means much t “my” family.
C. It is ld but perfect.D. It matches the furniture well.
5. What made the authr’s mther cry that night?
A. Pain f the injury.B. Rise f the river.
C. Damage f the study.D. Lss f the treasure.
6 Which f the fllwing can best describe “I”?
A. Caring.B. Hnest.C. Cnfident.D. Respnsible.
7. What des the authr want t express in the text?
A. Stay calm in face f a disaster.
B. “Heirlms” cnnect generatins.
C. Suffering imprves the parent-child tie.
D. Mther’s lve prmtes her child’s grwth.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候经历的一场洪灾，作者从洪水中打捞了一只妈妈非常珍惜的母亲传给她的瓷器，这个瓷器成为联系她们几代人的“传家宝”。
【4题详解】
逻辑推理题。通读全文，根据最后一段“It was just then that I realized hw deeply that ld gravy bat cnnected me t the peple and places f my past, tying me t my mther as well as her life, her jy and her lve. (就在那时，我才意识到那只旧的船形肉卤盘是多么深刻地把我和过去的人和地方联系在一起，把我和母亲以及她的生活、她的快乐和她的爱联系在一起。)”可知，船形卤肉盘对“我的”家人意义重大。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“My mther carefully packed the china in the study upstairs because it’d been her mther’s and was valuable t her. (我母亲小心翼翼地把瓷器放在楼上的书房里，因为那是她母亲传给她的，对她很有价值。)”和第三段中“One night, the flr f the study fell thrugh and the china was n the first flr under the rising river. The lss really brke her heart. That night she sat n the tp f the stairs and cried. (一天晚上，书房的地板塌了，瓷器掉在一楼，被河水淹没了。那次损失使她非常伤心。那天晚上，她坐在楼梯顶上哭了起来。)”可知，因为失去母亲所珍惜的东西，所以她那天晚上哭了。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，根据倒数第二段“When we had t leave as the water pured in, I tried fr the last time. Suddenly I felt smething and raised my catch. The gravy bat! The mment I tk it ut in frnt f my mther, she was in tears f jy. (当水涌进来，我们不得不离开时，我试了最后一次。突然，我感觉到了什么，提起了我的手。卤肉船！当我把它拿出来放在妈妈面前的那一刻，她喜极而泣。)”可知，作者知道那些瓷器对妈妈来说是非常珍贵的，所以尽力从水中打捞，从而推知，作者是善解人意的。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“My mther carefully packed the china in the study upstairs because it’d been her mther’s and was valuable t her. She tld me, ‘Yu must treasure the things peple yu lve have treasured. It keeps yu in tuch with them.’(我母亲小心翼翼地把瓷器放在楼上的书房里，因为那是她母亲的，对她很有价值。她告诉我：‘你必须珍惜你爱的人所珍惜的东西。这能让你和他们保持联系。’)”以及最后一段“It was just then that I realized hw deeply that ld gravy bat cnnected me t the peple and places f my past, tying me t my mther as well as her life, her jy and her lve. (就在那时，我才意识到那只旧的船形肉卤盘是多么深刻地把我和过去的人和地方联系在一起，把我和母亲以及她的生活、她的快乐和她的爱联系在一起。)”可知，作者要表达的是“传家宝”联系了几代人。故选B项。
C
Different peple enjy different amunts (数量) f human cntact. While sme adre making lts f friends, thers prefer plenty f time n their wn. Hwever, is there such a thing as t much time alne? And hw des islatin (孤独) affect humans?
In April, a Spanish athlete named Beatriz Flamini came ut f a cave where she had spent 500 days as part f a study n scial islatin. During her time 70 metres undergrund, Flamini had n human cntact at all. Hwever, she did recrd vides f herself and was mnitred cntinually by scientists.
Dctrs measuring the effects f islatin are building up a picture f hw it can change the way peple experience the passing f time, and hw it affects the bdy’s natural clck. Flamini first entered the cave n 20 Nvember 2021, but she lst track f time 65 days later. During her time undergrund, she smetimes experienced auditry hallucinatins, which means that she was hearing nises that weren’t there. The islatin affected her balance when she came ut f the cave, and she als had t get used t being in sunlight.
Islatin studies are imprtant fr planning fr lng-lasting space tasks. Althugh astrnauts (宇航员) ften wrk with ther members, the teams are small and their living quarters are small, t. Fr example, the astrnaut Kjell Lindgren spent 141 days n bard the Internatinal Space Statin with never mre than five teammates fr cmpany. This summer, fur vlunteers will start a year f living inside a big bx, as part f NASA’s Crew Health and Perfrmance Explratin Analg. The aim f this experiment is t find ut hw astrnauts will manage extreme islatin and stay healthy while living n Mars.
8. What des the underlined wrd “adre” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Avid.B. Allw.C. Lve.D. Stp.
9. What did Beatriz Flamini d undergrund?
A. She watched vides every day.B. She stayed alne fr ver a year.
C. She explred the cave’s secrets.D. She talked with scientists smetimes.
10. What did Beatriz Flamini suffer in the study?
A. Disrder f bdy clck.B. Pr eyesight.
C. Cmplete lss f balance.D. Sudden deafness.
11. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Extreme IslatinB. Pwer f Human Cntact
C. Undergrund ExperiencesD. Astrnauts’ Health Experiments
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项极端隔离实验，目的是找出宇航员在太空生活时如何应对极端隔离并保持健康的方法。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。划线词句前文“Different peple enjy different amunts(数量) f human cntact. (不同的人喜欢不同数量的人际接触。)”说明不同的人喜欢不同数量的人际交往，从而推知划线词句“While sme adre making lts f friends, thers prefer plenty f time n their wn. (有些人adre交很多朋友，而另一些人则喜欢有足够的独处时间。)”其中划线词汇意思是“喜欢”。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In April, a Spanish athlete named Beatriz Flamini came ut f a cave where she had spent 500 days as part f a study n scial islatin. During her time 70 metres undergrund, Flamini had n human cntact at all. (今年4月，西班牙运动员Beatriz Flamini走出了一个洞穴，她在那里度过了500天，这是一项关于社会隔离的研究的一部分。在地下70米的时间里，Flamini完全没有与人接触。)”可知，Beatriz Flamini在地下一个人呆了一年多。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Flamini first entered the cave n 20 Nvember 2021, but she lst track f time 65 days later. (Flamini于2021年11月20日首次进入洞穴，但65天后她就失去了时间概念。)”可知，Beatriz Flamini在研究中遭受了生物钟紊乱。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“And hw des islatin(孤独) affect humans?( 隔离是如何影响人类的？)”和最后一段中“The aim f this experiment is t find ut hw astrnauts will manage extreme islatin and stay healthy while living n Mars. (这项实验的目的是找出宇航员在火星上生活时如何应对极端隔离并保持健康的方法。)”可知，本文主要介绍了一项极端隔离实验，目的是找出宇航员在太空生活时如何应对极端隔离并保持健康的方法。A“极端隔离”符合主题，适合做标题。故选A项。
D
In many adults, learning and thinking begin t decline (衰退) as early as age 30 and becme wrse in their mid-60s, which is shwn in tests f cgnitive(认知的) abilities.
These changes are ften cnsidered as the result f nrmal aging. But they may instead shw smething mre like the “summer slide” that sme schlchildren experience in study prcess during summer break. After frmal educatin and jb training end, many adults experience years f reduced chances f learning.
Hwever, a three-mnth study Rachel Wu and her partners designed suggests that this decline can be addressed. In this study, they prvided an encuraging learning envirnment fr 24 lder adults between 58 and 86 years f age. Befre and after, they tested the cgnitive abilities. The lder adults signed up fr at least three classes that met weekly t learn new skills, such as drawing, iPad using and Spanish-language learning. During this perid, the adults’ cgnitive scres fr memry imprved greatly, and their cgnitive abilities after ne year were similar t thse f adults 50 years yunger.
The team is still investigating why their cgnitive scres cntinued t climb after the prgram’s end, but ne pssibility is that the experience encuraged these adults t cntinue learning and practice new skills. T be clear, the researchers d nt think that frmal educatin is the nly r mst imprtant way t supprt learning. Their idea is t instead create encuraging envirnments fr lder adults, s they can increase bth real-wrld skills and cgnitive abilities ver the lng term.
“Use it r lse it,” the saying ges. Let’s change the cnversatin abut adults frm aviding lss and decline, r keeping what peple have, t learning and grwing.
12. What leads t the decline in cgnitive abilities?
A. Age-related diseases.B. Slwer prcessing speed.
C. T many hliday breaks.D. Fewer learning experiences.
13. Hw did Rachel Wu and her partners cnduct their research?
A. By ding surveys.B. By arranging interviews.
C. By searching dcuments.D. By making cmparisns.
14. What can we learn frm Paragraph 4?
A. Learning cntributes t physical imprvement.
B. Taking classes is key t cgnitive develpment.
C. Psitive learning envirnments shuld be created.
D. Older adults need t practice their language skills.
15. What’s the authr’s attitude tward the study?
A. Unclear.B. Supprtive.C. Dubtful.D. Wrried.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述一项研究发现，Rachel Wu和她的合作伙伴设计的一项为期三个月的研究表明，成年人学习能力和思维能力的下降是可以通过继续学习和练习新技能得以解决。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“These changes are ften cnsidered as the result f nrmal aging. But they may instead shw smething mre like the “summer slide” that sme schlchildren experience in study prcess during summer break. After frmal educatin and jb training end, many adults experience years f reduced chances f learning.(这些变化通常被认为是正常老化的结果。但它们可能更像是一些学生在暑假学习过程中经历的‘夏季滑坡’”。在正规教育和职业培训结束后，许多成年人经历了多年的学习机会减少。)”可知，人们通常认为正常老化导致了认知能力的下降，但是这种下降和学生在暑假学习过程中经历的“夏季滑坡”很相似，许多成年人在正规教育和职业培训结束后，学习的机会减少才是导致了认知能力的下降的原因。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“In this study, they prvided an encuraging learning envirnment fr 24 lder adults between 58 and 86 years f age. Befre and after, they tested the cgnitive abilities. The lder adults signed up fr at least three classes that met weekly t learn new skills, such as drawing, iPad using and Spanish-language learning. During this perid, the adults’ cgnitive scres fr memry imprved greatly, and their cgnitive abilities after ne year were similar t thse f adults 50 years yunger.(在这项研究中，他们为24名年龄在58到86岁之间的老年人提供了一个令人鼓舞的学习环境。之前和之后，他们测试了认知能力。这些老年人报名参加了至少三个每周一次的学习班，学习新技能，比如画画、使用iPad和学习西班牙语。在此期间，成年人的记忆认知得分有了很大的提高，一年后他们的认知能力与年轻50岁的成年人相似。)”可知，在这项研究中24名年龄在58到86岁之间的老年人报名参加了至少三个每周一次的学习班来学习新技能，Rachel Wu和她的合作伙伴对老年人学习之前和学习之后的认知能力进行测试，发现通过学习这些人的记忆认知得分有了很大的提高；由此可知，Rachel Wu和她的合作伙伴通过对老年人学习前后的认知能力测试结果进行了对比来开展研究。故选D。
14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“T be clear, the researchers d nt think that frmal educatin is the nly r mst imprtant way t supprt learning. Their idea is t instead create encuraging envirnments fr lder adults, s they can increase bth real-wrld skills and cgnitive abilities ver the lng term.(需要明确的是，研究人员并不认为正规教育是支持学习的唯一或最重要的方式。他们的想法是为老年人创造一个鼓舞人心的环境，这样他们就可以长期提高现实世界的技能和认知能力。)”可知，正规教育唯一或最重要的学习方式，应该为老年人创造鼓励他们学习的环境，才能长期提高现实世界的技能和认知能力；由此可知，应该为老年人创造一个积极的学习环境。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“The team is still investigating why their cgnitive scres cntinued t climb after the prgram’s end, but ne pssibility is that the experience encuraged these adults t cntinue learning and practice new skills. (该团队仍在调查为什么他们的认知分数在项目结束后继续攀升，但一种可能性是，这一经历鼓励了这些成年人继续学习和练习新技能。)”以及最后一段““Use it r lse it,” the saying ges. Let’s change the cnversatin abut adults frm aviding lss and decline, r keeping what peple have, t learning and grwing.(俗话说：“用进废退。”让我们把关于成年人的话题从避免失去和衰退，或者保持人们所拥有的，转向学习和成长。)”可知，作者认为这项研究鼓励了这些成年人继续学习和练习新技能，成年人应该学习和成长，而不是避免失去和衰退，或者保持现状；由此可知，作者对这项研究是持支持态度的。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Healthy friendships can prtect against anxiety and increase happiness. While many peple believe it’s the number f friends that matters, research shws that quality is mre imprtant—and having even a small grup f clse friends is a strnger sign f happiness than having lts f general cnnectins. ____16____
● Cntinuusly spend time.
____17____ Research suggests that it takes abut 90 hurs t becme regular friends and mre than 200 hurs t frm a best friendship. If yu find yu haven’t put much time and effrt int yur friendships, add a sectin fr cnnect in t yur daily t-d list.
● Get vulnerable (脆弱的).
Anther key is allwing yurself t be vulnerable. Start by sharing small pinins, like what yu think abut yur bk club’s latest chice. ____18____ Being vulnerable shws that yu like yur friends and trust them, which brings peple clser tgether.
●Mix in several creativity.
It might be time t put new energy int yur mst familiar (熟悉的) friendships. That ges fr bth cnversatins and activities. ____19____ And think abut new adventures yu can carry n tgether, like traveling t a new destinatin r jining a ftball team.
● ____20____
Every friendship will surely arrive at key mments: the highs and lws in life that certainly affect hw we feel abut ur friendships. Was yur friend there when yu gt prmted r became seriusly ill? The answer determines hw much we’ll value that friendship.
A. Turn t yur friends.
B. Shw up fr the imprtant mments.
C. Here are sme useful ways t build up friendships.
D. Making time fr whm we care abut can deepen friendships.
E. G deeper by telling yur friends what yu’re nw struggling with.
F. Arrange mments f cnversatin where yu can d smething different.
G. If yu’re in lw spirits, be pen abut hw yu’re feeling and deal with it.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. E 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了建立友谊的有用方法。
【16题详解】
上文“Healthy friendships can prtect against anxiety and increase happiness. While many peple believe it’s the number f friends that matters, research shws that quality is mre imprtant—and having even a small grup f clse friends is a strnger sign f happiness than having lts f general cnnectins. (健康的友谊可以防止焦虑，增加幸福感。虽然许多人认为朋友的数量很重要，但研究表明，质量更重要——拥有一小群亲密的朋友比拥有很多普通的关系更能表明幸福。)”说明健康的友谊对人生非常重要，选项C“这里有一些建立友谊的有用方法。”承接上文，引出文章主题：介绍建立友谊的有用方法。故选C项。
【17题详解】
下文“Research suggests that it takes abut 90 hurs t becme regular friends and mre than 200 hurs t frm a best friendship. If yu find yu haven’t put much time and effrt int yur friendships, add a sectin fr cnnect in t yur daily t-d list. (研究表明，成为普通朋友大约需要90个小时，而形成最好的友谊则需要200多个小时。如果你发现你没有在友谊上投入太多的时间和精力，那就在你的日常待办事项清单上增加一个联系的部分。)”说明要想加深友谊，必须投入更多的时间和精力，选项D“为我们关心的人腾出时间可以加深友谊。”引领下文，建议投入更多的时间加深友谊。故选D项。
【18题详解】
上文“Anther key is allwing yurself t be vulnerable. (另一个关键是允许自己脆弱。)”和下文“Being vulnerable shws that yu like yur friends and trust them, which brings peple clser tgether. (脆弱表明你喜欢你的朋友并信任他们，这会让人们走得更近。)”说明在友谊中，需要表现脆弱，告诉朋友自己的困难，希望得到帮助，选项E“更深入地告诉你的朋友你现在正在挣扎什么。”承上启下，建议告诉朋友自己的困难所在。故选E项。
【19题详解】
上文“It might be time t put new energy int yur mst familiar(熟悉的) friendships. That ges fr bth cnversatins and activities. (也许是时候给你最熟悉的友谊注入新的活力了。这适用于对话和活动。)”说明应该在对话和活动方面给友谊注入新的活力，选项F“安排谈话时间，做些不同的事情。”承接上文，建议注入新活力的具体做法，安排新对话，做新的事情。故选F项。
【20题详解】
下文“Every friendship will surely arrive at key mments: the highs and lws in life that certainly affect hw we feel abut ur friendships. (每一段友谊肯定会在关键时刻到来：生活中的高潮和低谷肯定会影响我们对友谊的看法。)”说明友谊应该在关键时刻到来，选项B“在重要时刻出现。”概括本段主题，适合做小标题。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分45分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was excited t jin the Empire State Ride a 500-mile cycling adventure that raises mney fr cancer research. It was a weeklng ____21____ frm New Yrk City t Niagara Falls, and we set a ____22____ fr the amunt f mney raised, but that wasn’t all that made the 2021 event ____23____.
I suffered frm cancer back then, and had t ____24____ medicine t manage my pain. I carried my pill case(药盒) safe in my pcket fr ____25____. Grups f us, all travelling at different speeds, ften ____26____ fr a meal at rest stps alng the way. The weather was ____27____ until Friday when it became rainy and cld. After lunch, I decided t take the ____28____ ff. I put my bike nt the bus t the campgrund where I was ____29____ t stay vernight. When I emptied my ____30____ t change int dry clthes, I realized my pill case was missing. I’d have t ____31____ the great pain n my wn. What shuld I d?
At ____32____ , smene sat dwn next t me. “Is this yurs?” he asked, ____33____ my pill case. “A guy ____34____ it at ne f the rest stps. He knew I’d run int yu befre he did.” Out f 230____35____, the perfect tw had teamed up fr me. That had t be sme kind f recrd.
21. A. walkB. rideC. visitD. race
22. A. dateB. galC. limitD. recrd
23. A. natinalB. specialC. creativeD. frmal
24. A. takeB. sellC. studyD. prduce
25. A. cmpanyB. pleasureC. businessesD. emergencies
26. A. paidB. waitedC. stppedD. hped
27. A. wetB. terribleC. perfectD. strmy
28. A. afternnB. eveningC. weekD. year
29. A. frcedB. invitedC. scheduledD. demanded
30. A. bagB. pcketC. campD. rm
31. A. hideB. frgetC. examineD. survive
32. A. breakfastB. lunchC. dinnerD. teatime
33. A. hlding utB. picking utC. thrwing awayD. putting away
34. A. madeB. fundC. reservedD. packed
35. A. ridersB. guidesC. friendsD. teams
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了身患癌症的作者参加自行车冒险活动，结果途中丢失了自己的药盒，药盒里的药可以缓解作者的痛苦，最后多亏了两个骑手发现并归还了作者。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是从纽约到尼亚加拉大瀑布的为期一周的骑行，我们创造了筹集资金的记录，但这并不是2021年活动的全部特别之处。A. walk散步；B. ride骑车；C. visit参观；D. race比赛。根据上文“a 500-mile cycling”此处指骑行，应用ride。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是从纽约到尼亚加拉大瀑布的为期一周的骑行，我们创造了筹集资金的记录，但这并不是2021年活动的全部特别之处。A. date日期；B. gal目标；C. limit限制；D. recrd记录。根据后文“fr the amunt f mney raised”指创造了筹集资金的记录，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是从纽约到尼亚加拉大瀑布的为期一周的骑行，我们创造了筹集资金的记录，但这并不是2021年活动的全部特别之处。A. natinal民族的；B. special特别的；C. creative创造性的；D. frmal正式的。上文提到创造了筹集资金的记录，结合but表示转折，说明这并不是2021年活动的全部特别之处。故选B。
24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时我患了癌症，不得不吃药来缓解疼痛。A. take带走；B. sell出售；C. study学习；D. prduce产生。根据后文“medicine t manage my pain”指吃药应用动词take。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把药盒安全地放在口袋里，以备不时之需。A. cmpany陪伴；B. pleasure快乐；C. businesses生意；D. emergencies紧急情况。根据上文“I carried my pill case safe in my pcket fr”可知，带着药盒是为了应对紧急情况。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一群群人，以不同的速度旅行，经常在沿途的休息站停下来吃饭。A. paid支付；B. waited等待；C. stpped停止；D. hped希望。根据后文“fr a meal at rest stps”指在沿途的休息站停下来吃饭。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：天气一直很好，直到星期五开始下雨，天气变冷了。A. wet潮湿的；B. terrible糟糕的；C. perfect完美的；D. strmy风暴的。根据后文“when it became rainy and cld”可知，一开始天气很好，直到星期五开始下雨，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：午饭后，我决定休息一个下午。A. afternn下午；B. evening晚上；C. week周；D. year年。根据上文“After lunch”可知，吃过午饭，他们决定休息一个下午。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把自行车放上了去露营地的公共汽车，我计划在那里过夜。A. frced迫使；B. invited邀请；C. scheduled安排；D. demanded要求。根据后文“t stay vernight”可知，作者把自行车放上了去露营地的公共汽车，因为计划在那里过夜。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我掏空口袋准备换上干衣服时，我意识到我的药盒不见了。A. bag包；B. pcket口袋；C. camp营地；D. rm房间。根据后文“t change int dry clthes”此处指掏空口袋准备换上干衣服，呼应上文“I carried my pill case safe in my pcket”。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须独自承受巨大的痛苦。A. hide隐藏；B. frget忘记；C. examine检查；D. survive幸存。上文提到作者的药盒不见了，药物可以缓解作者的痛苦，而如今没有了药，作者必须独自承受巨大的痛苦。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：吃晚餐时，有人坐在我旁边。A. breakfast早餐；B. lunch午餐；C. dinner晚餐；D. teatime下午茶时间。根据上文“After lunch”可知，午餐之后是晚餐，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“这是你的吗？”他拿出我的药盒问。A. hlding ut拿出，坚持；B. picking ut挑选出；C. thrwing away扔掉；D. putting away放好。根据后文“my pill case”可知，这人拿出了作者的药盒。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个人在一个休息站发现了它。A. made制作；B. fund找到，发现；C. reserved预订；D. packed打包。根据后文“it at ne f the rest stps”可知，药盒是在一个休息站被人发现的。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在230骑手中，最完美的两名骑手为我合作。A. riders骑手；B. guides向导；C. friends朋友；D. teams队伍。呼应上文“I was excited t jin the Empire State Ride, a 500-mile cycling adventure that raises mney fr cancer research.(我很兴奋地加入了帝国之旅，这是一项500英里的自行车冒险活动，为癌症研究筹集资金)”指比赛中的230骑手。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)
Part 1 根据句子汉语提示或括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空一词。(共5小题;每小题2分， 满分10分)
36. _________(显然), exercise will help yu feel fresher and fitter.(根据汉语意思单词拼写)
【答案】Obviusly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：显然，锻炼能让你感觉更清爽、更健康。根据汉语提示可知应用副词bviusly，作状语，首字母大写。故填Obviusly。
37. She made a gd _________ (impress) n the manager when interviewed. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】impressin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：面试时她给经理留下了很好的印象。分析句子可知，空处作made的宾语，impress的名词形式impressin“印象”符合题意，固定短语make a gd impressin n表示“给……留下好印象”。故填impressin。
38. Chinese is ne f the __________(官方的) languages in UN. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】fficial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：中文是联合国的官方语言之一。根据空后的languages和汉语提示，空处应用形容词fficial，作定语。故填fficial。
39. It is strngly________ (recmmend) that the machine shuld be checked every year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】recmmended
【解析】
【详解】考查被动语态和固定句型。句意：强烈建议每年对机器进行一次检查。此处为It is +过去分词+that从句的结构，其中It为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语，It 与recmmend之间为被动关系，句中缺少谓语，应用被动语态。故填recmmended。
40. The quake _________(strike) arund 7:00 a. m., Sunday ff the cast f Sumartra Island.( 所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】struck
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：地震发生在星期天早上7点左右，在苏马特拉岛海岸附近。根据句意和时间状语arund 7:00 a. m., Sunday可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填struck。
Part 2根据句意完成句子，确保语句通顺，词汇、语法运用正确，每空一词。(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
41. 别丧失信心。还会有更多展示自己机会。
Dn’t __________________. There’ll be mre chances fr shwing yurself.
【答案】lse heart
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。表示“丧失信心”可用动词短语lse heart，动词原形和Dn’t构成否定的祈使句。故填lse heart。
42. 他申请了一家本地公司的职位。
He __________________a psitin in a native cmpany.
【答案】applied fr
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。表示“申请”短语为apply fr，发生在过去用一般过去时。故填applied fr。
43. 在政府强有力地支持下，新唐山在曾是废墟的地方建立起来了。
With strng supprt frm the gvernment, a new Tangshan was built where there used t be __________________.
【答案】in ruins
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。根据句子结构，表示“废墟”应用介词短语in ruins，在where引导的从句中作表语。故填in ruins。
44. 查阅旅游手册后， 他了解了更多关于旅游景点的信息。
After __________________the travel brchure, he fund ut mre abut the turist attractins.
【答案】referring t
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。表示“查阅”短语为refer t，作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填referring t。
45. 中国的太空计划开始得比其他国家晚， 但是在短时间内取得了进步。
China’s space prgramme started later than thse f ther cuntries, but it has _______________in a shrt time.
【答案】made prgress/advances
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和名词。根据中文提示可知，表示“取得进步”应用make prgress/advances，make在本句中作谓语，且应用过去分词形式，与前面has构成现在完成时。故填made prgress/advances。
第三节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
There are many famus athletes at hme and abrad, ne f whm is Michael Jrdan. He became ____46____ (knw) as “Air Jrdan”, fr he changed basketball with his graceful mves and jumps. Jrdan’s skills were impressive, but the mental ____47____ (strng) that he shwed made him unique. Jrdan says that the secret t success is learning frm his failures. ____48____ (lse) games taught him t practice harder and never give up. In life, Jrdan has learnt t share his success ____49____ thers. The Bys and Girls Club ____50____ he started in Chicag has been helping yung peple since 1996.
B
In the 1950s, the Egyptian gvernment wanted t build a new dam acrss the Nile. Hwever, the prpsal led t prtests. S a cmmittee was established ____51____ (prevent) the lss f cultural relics. After investigating the issue and cnducting several tests, experts made a prpsal fr hw the relics culd ____52____ (save). Finally, the prject was cnsidered ____53____ great success and the cuntries taking part fund ____54____ pssible fr them t wrk tgether t build a better tmrrw. If a prblem seems t difficult fr a single natin, the _____55_____ (glbe) cmmunity can smetimes prvide a slutin.
【答案】46. knwn
47. strength
48. Lsing 49. with
50. which##that
51. t prevent
52. be saved
53. a 54. it
55. glbal
【解析】
【导语】这是两篇记叙文。文章A介绍了著名篮球运动员迈克尔·乔丹；文章B介绍了在20世纪50年代，埃及政府想在尼罗河上建造一座新的大坝所遇到的问题。
【46题详解】
考查过去分词转化的形容词。句意：他被称为“飞人乔丹”，因为他优雅的动作和跳跃改变了篮球。动词knw和主语之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词转化的形容词knwn作表语，be/becme knwn as“被称为”是固定搭配。故填knwn。
【47题详解】
考查名词。句意：乔丹的技术令人印象深刻，但他表现出的精神力量使他与众不同。定冠词the后应用名词strength“力量”（不可数）作主语。故填strength。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：输掉比赛让他更加努力地训练，永不放弃。此处应用动名词作主语，表示经常性习惯性的动作。句首字母大写，故填Lsing。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：在生活中，乔丹学会了与他人分享他的成功。share sth with sb“与某人分享某物”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填with。
【50题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他在芝加哥创办的男孩女孩俱乐部自1996年以来一直在帮助年轻人。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为The Bys and Girls Club，指代事物，应用关系代词which或that引导，在从句中作宾语。故填which/that。
【51题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因此成立了一个委员会来防止文物的流失。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了”。故填t prevent。
【52题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：在调查了这个问题并进行了几次测试之后，专家们就如何保存这些文物提出了建议。动词save和主语之间是被动关系，故用其被动结构和culd构成含情态动词的被动语态。故填be saved。
【53题详解】
考查冠词。句意：最后，该项目被认为是一个巨大的成功，参与的国家发现他们有可能共同努力建设一个更美好的明天。名词success表示“成功的人或事”时，是可数名词，此处是泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定。连接辅音，故填a。
【54题详解】
考查形式宾语it。句意：同上。分析可知，动词fund后接复合宾语，此处应用代词it作形式宾语，后文动词不定式作真正宾语。故填it。
【55题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果一个问题对一个国家来说太难了，国际社会有时可以提供一个解决方案。修饰名词cmmunity应用形容词。故填glbal。
第四部分 写作(满分25分)
56. 假定你是李华，你的外国笔友Peter来信告知他对中国汉字很感兴趣，希望了解更多。请你给他写封邮件回复，内容包括：
1. 介绍汉字历史；
2. 简述汉字作用；
3. 欢迎来华学习。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Peter,
Delighted t learn that yu have a keen interest in Chinese characters, I’m writing t ffer yu sme infrmatin.
Chinese characters have develped frm symbls carved n animals’ bnes t a well-frmed writing system ver thusands f years. They have been playing an imprtant part in Chinese civilisatin. Nt nly d they help cnnect China’s present with its past, but als cntribute t uniting peple divided gegraphically. Nwadays, an increasing number f internatinal students are appreciating the beauty f Chinese characters, which will certainly deepen their understanding f Chinese splendid culture.
I’m lking frward t yur cming and expsing yurself t Chinese characters persnally.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生回复对中国汉字很感兴趣的笔友Peter的来信，需向他介绍汉字历史，简述汉字作用，并表示欢迎他来华学习。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
提供：ffer→prvide, give
连接：cnnect→link
有助于：cntribute t→be beneficial t, be cnductive t
灿烂的：splendid→magnificent
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Chinese characters have develped frm symbls carved n animals’ bnes t a well-frmed writing system ver thusands f years.
拓展句：Chinese characters have develped frm symbls which was carved n animals’ bnes t a well-frmed writing system ver thusands f years.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Delighted t learn that yu have a keen interest in Chinese characters, I’m writing t ffer yu sme infrmatin. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Nwadays, an increasing number f internatinal students are appreciating the beauty f Chinese characters, which will certainly deepen their understanding f Chinese splendid culture. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
1-5 BABCC 6-10 ACABC 11-15 ACAAB 16-20 BABCC