北京市东直门中学2025_2026学年高二上学期12月联考英语试题（文字版，含答案）

这是一份北京市东直门中学2025_2026学年高二上学期12月联考英语试题（文字版，含答案），共12页。试卷主要包含了12，5 分，共 15 分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考试时间：90 分钟 总分 100 分
班级__________ 姓名____________ 学号____________
第一部分 知识运用（共四节，50 分）
第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My wife and I usually dn't keep huseplants. Anything in pts gets either verwatered r underwatered. But after my diagnsis with a brain cancer, I lved the idea f having smething green and 1 arund us.
Last year, my friend Mitch gave me a lucky bamb plant. Tending t the plant gave me a sense f 2 at a time when I smetimes felt useless because my ability t mve was limited. As a physician, I was used t being the ne wh 3 care. Watering the plant 4 me t a cre part f my ld identity and taught me I culd still be a caregiver.
Hwever, after several weeks grwing in perfect cnditin, the plant 5 began t shw signs f stress. N matter what I did, the leaves kept 6 and drpping t the flr.
"I can't even care fr a simple plant!" I yelled. "If my lucky bamb dies, I might die t!"
Identifying with the green and grwing plant had ffered me cmfrt. But when the tree was struggling, I felt increasingly uneasy and 7 .
It was several mnths later when I recvered frm surgery that I realized I had wrngly linked my careful nurturing f the plant—smething ver which I had at least sme cntrl—with my wn 8 —smething ver which I had n cntrl.
As my 9 lessened, I began t study nline tutrials t figure ut hw t care fr the tree. I transplanted it t a larger pt, and when it was back in the sunny windw, we bth began t thrive (旺盛) again.
Nw whenever I lk at the tree in its new pt, I make a pint t relax and think f the things I can 10 .
1.A. aliveB. simpleC. delicateD. mature
2.A. warmthB. reliefC. achievementD. security
3.A. valuedB. neededC. prvidedD. lacked
4.A. addedB. cnnectedC. adaptedD. cmpared
5.A. casuallyB. interestinglyC. genuinelyD. mysteriusly
6.A. spreadingB. brwningC. wavingD. dancing
7.A. fearfulB. inncentC. faithfulD. dishnest
8.A. dreamB. successC. capabilityD. survival
9.A. discntentB. anxietyC. dubtD. sympathy
10.A. giveB. shareC. decideD. preserve
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
One characteristic f hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than cnventinal crps. Hwever, 11. _______ it was pssible t develp a hybrid f self - pllinating plants such as rice was a matter f great debate. The cmmn 12. __________ (assume) then was that it culd nt be dne. 13. __________ intense effrt, Yuan vercame enrmus technical difficulties t develp the first hybrid rice 14. __________ culd be used fr farming in 1974.
B
Chlera used t be ne f the mst feared diseases in the wrld, until a British dctr, Jhn Snw, shwed hw it culd 15. __________ (vercme). This illness causes severe diarrhea, dehydratin, and even death. In the early 19th century, when an utbreak f chlera hit Eurpe, millins f peple died frm the disease. As a yung dctr, Jhn Snw became 16. __________ (frustrate) because n ne knew hw t prevent r treat chlera. In time, he rse t becme a famus dctr, and even attended t Queen Victria when she gave birth. Hwever, he never lst his desire 17. __________ (destry) chlera nce and fr all.
The Tangshan China ceramic (陶瓷) Exp, rted in "China's Nrthern Prcelain (瓷器) Capital", 18. ________ (hld) since 1998 and grwn int a natinal premium ceramic event. Organized annually at Tangshan Internatinal Cnventin and Exhibitin Center, it spans ver 20,000 square meters with mre than 300 exhibitrs. It shwcases diverse wares such as Tangshan bne china, celadn and purple clay, plus masterpieces by natinal ceramic artists. 19. ________ (highlight) f the exp include n - site master demnstratins, hands - n pttery experiences, and pst - exp "prcelain fairs" fr affrdable purchases. 20. ________ (mix) art, trade and public engagement.
第三节（共10小题：每小题1分，共10分）
Grup 1 根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的词填入相应位置。注意有两个多余选项。
utput, link, handle, engage, shift, defend, cnventinal
21. I wish yu weren't s ________ in the clthes yu wear.
22. He was s ver - cnfident, which made him ________ the matter very badly.
23. The army will d whatever it takes t ________ the mtherland against any attack.
24. The cuntry's industrial ________ increased by 2%.
25. Only 10% f American adults ________ in regular exercise.
Grup 2 请用方框中的单词或短语的正确形式完成句子。注意有两个多余选项。
slid, severe, decrease, infect, cmfrt, entire, alternative
26. I was s ________ and warm in bed s I didn't want t get up.
27. This virus ________ thusands f cmputers acrss the U.S. and Eurpe within days last mnth.
28. The agency will make travel arrangements fr yu. ________, yu can rganize yur wn transprt.
29. The UN wants t send fd aid t the cuntries in Africa ________ affected by the drught.
30. Gradually ________ the number f cigarettes each day is an effective way t quit smking.
第四节（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
根据提示完成句子，请用选择性必修一U5, 选择性必修二U1和U2学过的表达方式。
31. 邻居们把自己的空闲时间用于帮助他人重建家园。()
____________________________________________________
32. 一年由四季组成。(be cmprised f)
33. 你赞同她对于世界未来经济的乐观态度吗？(subscribe t)
34. 哪个司机该为这次事故负责？(be t blame)
35. 昆虫发现很难适应新环境。(adapt t)
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38 分）
第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Uses f Banana Peels (皮) Yu Prbably Ignred
Sthes the itchy (发痒的) insect bites
With the gd weather appraching, varius bugs, insects and msquites multiply. If yu want t relieve the sting r bite f these insects naturally, banana peel can help yu. Rub the red, inflamed bites with the inside f the banana peel. The banana plysaccharides (多糖) infiltrate the skin and reduce the swell.
Spring then summer is cming, and there's ne little annying thing: the flies. T catch them, yu can make a trap made f natural ingredients. All yu will need is a large ygurt cup, banana peels, a hammer and a nail. Make hles at the bttm f the ygurt cup with the hammer and nail, place the banana peels inside, turn it ver, and place it near the fd that yu are trying t prtect. Flies will get int the sweet smell in the hles, but there is n way ut f the ygurt cup.
Cheap and simple teeth whitening
Yu dn't have t spend a huge amunt f yur salary n aesthetic dentistry t make yur teeth whiter. Simply rub yur freshly - brushed teeth with the inside f the banana peel every day fr abut 2 minutes. Salicylic acid in bananas gently bleaches teeth, effectively eliminating dirt which causes disclratin.
Water purificatin
This effect was the mst surprising fr us. The Sa Paul Research Fundatin, led by Gustav R. Castr, tested the suitability f banana peels fr the treatment f wastewater frm industrial plants. It turned ut that the banana peel adsrbs heavy metals such as lead and cpper frm the water.
Erases the ink stain (污点)
If ink gets n yur skin, it is difficult t clean it ff. Only with water and sap is it almst impssible t make yur hands clean. But the gd news is that the banana peel is gd fr that—rub the patches n the inside f the peel and see hw they disappear.
36. Accrding t the passage, in which f the fllwing situatins can banana peels be f sme help?
A. Yu are disturbed by msquites flying nearby.
B. Yu are bitten by a bee in the garden.
C. Yu are suffering frm a tthache.
D. Yur cat is stained with il.
37. Which f the fllwing is the best heading fr paragraph 2?
A. Facial maskB. Pain RelieverC. Natural fly trapD. Reduces wrinkles
38. Hw can banana peels help purify water?
A. By prtecting the water frm insects.
B. By reducing sme chemical elements.
C. By adding sme nutritin t the water.
D. By remving the smell f the wastewater.
B
When I gt my first research prject t wrk, I was s excited. Seeing research in actin was enjyable. My excitement, thugh, was sn cut shrt when my prfessr asked me t write a research paper n the prject. My bdy tensed. Writing was the last thing I wanted t d: it's ne reasn why I pursued science in the first place.
I had hated writing since I was a little by. But I culdn't avid it: writing classes were required in high schl. Fr hurs, I stared at blank pages, trying t turn my disrganized thughts int fluent sentences. My teachers wuld return my papers littered with red, shwing my paragraphs were ut f rder. I was frustrated t n end. Hw culd I knw what was gd if there was n bjectively right answer? Maybe I wasn't cut ut fr writing.
I studied engineering in cllege. A few years later, I jined a research lab. The prfessr assigned me an initial prject t imprve the efficiency f an inductr (电路感应器). I spent weeks setting up a test fr a new design. When I gt the results, thugh, the numbers weren't gd. I kept trying new designs, using the results t brainstrm ideas with a team f researchers. Finally, after dzens f designs, we had ne that culd wrk. I was verjyed—until my prfessr tld me t write that research paper.
In panic, I asked a graduate student in my lab fr help. I carefully wrte an utline. But when I asked him fr feedback, I sn fund the paper full f red marks. Befre I culd quit in defeat, thugh, the graduate student explained red didn't mean I was a bad writer. Writing isn't a ne - and - dne thing. It requires revising yur wrk, ften several times. Suddenly it ccurred t me, "Hadn't I dne the same thing when I was designing my research prject?" I kept imprving my utline, eventually turning it int sentences and paragraphs, guided by feedback frm thers. Finally, I made it, and surprisingly, I was having fun.
Frm then n, writing became ne f my favurite parts f research, and it still is tday. It's a future I never culd have imagined during my early struggles with writing classes. But I came arund.
39. Hw did the authr feel when asked t write a research paper?
A. Regretful.B. Ashamed.
C. Disappinted.D. Unwilling.
40. The authr's teacher returned his papers littered with red because ________.
A. he handed in blank pagesB. his sentences were smth
C. his writing lacked rganizatinD. he cmbined science in his writing
41. Which wrd wuld best describe the authr's final research design?
A. Hard - earned.B. Cnfusing.
C. Well - knwn.D. Wrrying.
42. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. A gd beginning is half dne.
B. Actins speak luder than wrds.
C. A bad wrkman always blames his tls.
D. Trial and errr pens the dr t prgress.
C
Researchers frm a U.K. plant research institute have fund a way t prvide plants with an antibdy - based defense fr a specific threat, ptentially speeding the creatin f crps resistant t any kind f emerging virus, r bacterium (细菌). The strategy is t inculate a prtein frm the plant pathgen (病原体) t be targeted t a camel r ther camel relatives, purify the unusually small antibdies the camels prduce, and engineer the crrespnding gene sectin fr them int a plant's wn immune gene.
Farmers lse many billins f dllars t plant diseases each year, and emerging pathgens pse new threats t fd security in the develping wrld. Plants have evlved their wn immune system, kick - started by cell receptrs that recgnize general pathgen features, such as a bacterial cell wall, as well as intracellular receptrs fr mlecules (分子) prduced by specific pathgens. If a plant cell detects these mlecules, it may trigger its wn death t save the rest f the plant. But plant pathgens ften evlve and escape frm thse receptrs.
A lng - standing dream in plant bitechnlgy is t create designer disease resistance genes that culd be prduced as fast as pathgens emerge. One apprach is t edit the gene fr a plant immune receptr, changing the prtein's shape t recgnize a particular pathgenic mlecule.
Instead, Sphien Kamun, a mlecular bilgist at the Sainsbury Labratry, and his clleagues used an animal immune system t help make the receptr adjustments. During an infectin with a new pathgen, animals prduce billins f slightly different antibdies, ultimately selecting and mass - prducing thse that best target the virus.
Camelids, which include camels, are wrkhrses fr antibdy design because their immune systems create unusually small versins, called nan - bdies. As a prf f principle f the new plant defense strategy, Kamun's grup turned t tw standard camelid nan - bdies that recgnize tw different mlecules, including ne called green flurescent prtein (GFP), t detect test viruses, in this case a ptat virus, engineered t make the flurescent prteins. They investigated hw well plants with the nan - bdy - enhanced receptrs detected the changed ptat viruses. It was fund that the plants increased an active immune respnse and experienced almst n viral reprductin.
"The exciting part abut this technlgy is that we have the ptential f made - t - rder resistance genes and keeping up with a pathgen," Kamun says. "This technlgy is a ptential game changer," says Jeff Dangl, a plant researcher at the University f Nrth Carlina. Ksenia Krasileva, a scientist at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley, says the mixture f nan - bdies with plant immune receptrs pens up a vast bdy f bimedical knwledge fr plant scientists. "We can nw dig int all f that research and translate it t save crps."
43 What is the main purpse f Paragraph 2?
A. T illustrate the functin f cells in saving the plant.
B. T explain hw t strengthen plant receptrs effectively.
C. T demnstrate the slutins t farmers' annual heavy lsses.
D. T reveal why plants fail t handle cnstantly - updated diseases.
44. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Editing plant receptrs t match the shape f pathgens.
B. Nan - bdies can help plants catch up with pathgen changes.
C. Plants select the best antibdies frm animals t fight viruses.
D. Plants with nan - bdies respnd actively in massive virus cpying.
45. Accrding t the passage, scientists will ________.
A. apply the utcme in the real wrldB. prve the findings f resistance genes
C. identify similar means t fight diseasesD. seek mre supprt fr the new strategy
D
The artificial - intelligence chatbt ChatGPT has shaken educatrs since its Nvember release. New Yrk City public schls have banned it frm their netwrks and schl devices. There is, perhaps surprisingly, ne subject area that desn't seem threatened. It turns ut ChatGPT is quite bad at maths.
"I'm nt hearing maths instructrs express cncern abut ChatGPT," said Paul vn Hippel, a prfessr at the University f Texas wh studies data science and statistics. "I'm nt sure it's useful fr maths at all, which feels strange because maths was the first - use case fr the artificial - intelligence devices."
ChatGPT's struggle with maths is inherent in this type f AI, knwn as a large language mdel. It scans a large amunt f text frm acrss the web and develps a mdel that might be extremely effective fr writing grammatically crrect respnses t essay requirement, but nt fr slving a maths prblem.
In an email, I asked Debarghya Das, a search - engine engineer, why ChatGPT gets sme simple questins right but thers cmpletely wrng. "Maybe the right analgy (类比) is if yu ask a rm f peple, wh have n idea what maths is but have read many hierglyphics (象形文字), 'What cmes after 2 + 2,' they might say, 'Usually, we see a 4.' That's what ChatGPT is ding." But, he adds, "Maths isn't just a series f hierglyphics. It's the prcess f calculating."
It isn't great fr pretending yu knw it thrugh a maths class because yu nly recgnize the mistakes if yu knw the maths. Anther reasn that maths instructrs are less anxius abut this innvatin is that they have been here befre. The field was upended fr the first time decades ag with the general availability f cmputers and calculatrs.
"Maths has had the biggest revlutin based n machinery f any mainstream subject," said Cnrad Wlfram, the strategic directr f Wlfram Research. "In the real wrld, since cmputers came alng, have maths, science and engineering gtten cnceptually simpler? N, cmpletely the ppsite. We're asking harder and harder questins, ging up a level."
Eventually, AI will prbably get t the pint where its maths answers are nt nly cnfident but crrect. A pure large language mdel might nt be up fr the jb, but the technlgy will imprve. In general, hwever, AI, like cmputers, will likely ultimately be mst useful fr thse wh already knw a field well. They knw the questins t ask, hw t identify the shrtcmings and what t d with the answer. A tl, in ther wrds, is fr thse wh knw the mst maths, nt the least.
46. What des the underlined wrd "inherent" in Paragraph 3 mst prbably mean?
A. Stable.B. Practical.C. Limited.D. Natural.
47. What can we knw frm Debarghya's reply?
A. Calculating requires sme knwledge f hierglyphics.
B. ChatGPT is gd at slving mathematical questins by analgy.
C. Reading hierglyphics prevents ChatGPT slving maths questins.
D. ChatGPT's respnse is based n language mdels instead f calculatins.
48. What can be inferred frm maths instructrs' calmness abut ChatGPT?
A. ChatGPT is useful t identify maths mistakes.
B. Technical revlutin made maths easier t understand.
C. New technlgy will end up pushing the bundaries f maths.
D. ChatGPT has been banned frm netwrks and schl devices.
49. As fr AI, which wuld the authr prbably agree with?
A. It will play the largest rle fr prfessinals in a field.
B. It will becme cnfident t slve all the maths prblems.
C. It will turn the maths field ver again just like cmputers.
D. It will take the jbs frm humans as the technlgy imprves.
第二节 七选五（共5小题：每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What fd d yu lve? What fd d yu hate? If yu ask arund, yu'll sn see there's n right r wrng answer—it's all a questin f taste. 51 Rather, scientists have discvered that taste is influenced by ur genes and DNA.
Our scientific understanding f taste began just 25 years ag with the discvery f taste receptrs—cells lcated n the tngue's surface. 52 What tastes sweet t me might taste sur r salty t smene else, and this is because f differences in the receptrs we're brn with. In ther wrds, taste is partly genetic.
Accrding t Danielle Reed, a researcher at the Mnell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia, "When we first started ding genetic studies, we really just limited urselves t lking at a few Eurpeans, peple f Eurpean ancestry. 53 We are bradening ur hrizns and studying peple f Asian and African ancestry, and that has really pened up the knwledge that peple are much mre diverse than we ever realized. Taste isn't a matter f pinin 54 ."
But if scientists are telling us taste is largely genetic, what abut restaurant critics and wine cnnisseurs—peple whse jb is t tell us what t eat and drink? Are their pinins any better than ur wn? David Kermde, a wine judge fr the Internatinal Wine and Spirits Cmpetitin, admits that while scientists have shwn taste is largely individual and genetic, persnal taste remains subjective. " 55 But they are encuraged t set thse prejudices aside."
A. It's a matter f bilgy.
B. It is actually the number - ne driver fr fd chice.
C. Hwever, individual taste experience is highly subjective.
D. But ur taste, it turns ut, isn't simply a matter f pinin.
E. Peple all have their wn persnal prejudices in whatever aspect f life they want t g int.
F. And s, ur understanding f the brad diversity f humans n the planet was extremely limited.
G. Fr researchers in scial sciences, taste is a brader cncept related t traditin, gegraphy, culture, as well as scial relatins.
第三部分 书面表达（共一节，12分）
第一节 阅读表达（共4小题：第55、56题各2分，第57题3分，第58题5分，共12分）
If yu listen t sme self-imprvement lectures abut success, yu'll hear a familiar saying: Hustle (忙碌) harder. It sunds like success is just a matter f willpwer and that the life f yur dreams is within reach. Many yung peple are buying int this mindset, spending every waking hur wrking tward ambitius gals, nly t find themselves wrn ut and unfulfilled.
Hustle culture prmises success, but it ften leads t burnut and disappintment. The truth is that success and fulfillment dn't cme frm cnstant struggle. They cme frm smething deeper and mre sustainable: persistence (坚持).
Hustle culture praises big gals. But what the experts wn't tell yu is that mst f thse gals require a mix f timing, luck, and smetimes even genetics. N matter hw hard yu hustle, success isn't always within yur cntrl. Persistence culture, n the ther hand, takes a different apprach. Instead f fcusing n massive, high-risk gals, it emphasizes cnsistent effrt ver time. It encurages grwth, learning, and steady imprvement—factrs that are within yur cntrl.
Hustle culture fcuses n gals, ignring the prcess. It tells yu t chase success at all csts, even if that means ding things yu hate alng the way. Fr example, yu lve pdcasting (制作播客). Yu enjy the cnnectin with yur audience. But if yu fllw hustle culture, yur fcus shifts t prfit, audience grwth, and scial media engagement. T "succeed," yu have t learn marketing strategies that yu dn't actually enjy.
Persistence culture, in cntrast, priritizes the prcess itself. It asks: D yu enjy what yu're ding? When yu lve the prcess, yu dn't need external apprval t keep ging. Success becmes a byprduct f cnsistency and passin. Instead f measuring success by external factrs, it asks: Hw can I imprve? Maybe yur pdcast isn't getting millins f dwnlads, but are yu becming a better interviewer?
Are yu develping new skills? These are the measures that matter because they're within yur cntrl.
55. Hw d many yung peple feel after fllwing the "hustle harder" mindset?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
56. Where d success and fulfillment cme frm?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
57. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
➢ Hustle culture fcuses n massive, high - risk gals, measures success by external factrs and priritizes the prcess.
58. Hw are yu ging t put "Persistence Culture" int practice in yur daily life? (In abut 40 wrds)
试卷答案
============================
第一部分 知识运用
第一节
1. A（1.5分）
2. C（1.5分）
3. C（1.5分）
4. B（1.5分）
5. D（1.5分）
6. B（1.5分）
7. A（1.5分）
8. D（1.5分）
9. B（1.5分）
10. C（1.5分）
第二节
11. whether(1.5分)
12. assumptin(1.5分)
13. With（1.5分）
14. that（1.5分）
15. be vercme(1.5分)
16. frustrated(1.5分)
17. t destry(1.5分)
18. has been held(1.5分)
19. Highlights(1.5分)
20. Mixing（1.5分）
第三节
21. cnventinal(1分)
22. handle（1分）
23. defend（1分）
24. utput（1分）
25. engage（1分）
26. cmfrtable(1分)
27. infected（1分）
28. Alternatively(1分)
29. severely（1分）
30. decreasing(1分)
第四节
31. The neighbrs devte their spare time t helping thers rebuild their hmes.(2分)
32. A year is cmprised f fur seasns.(2分)
33. D yu subscribe t her ptimistic attitude twards the future ecnmy f the wrld?(2分)
34. Which driver is t blame fr this accident?(2分)
35. Insects find it very difficult t adapt t the new envirnment.(2分)
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
36. B（2分）
37. C（2分）
38. B（2分）
39. D（2分）
40. C（2分）
41. A（2分）
42. D（2分）
43. D（2分）
44. B（2分）
45. A（2分）
46. D（2分）
47. D（2分）
48. C（2分）
49. A（2分）
第二节
50. D（2分）
51. F（2分）
52. A（2分）
53. E（2分）
54. G（2分）
第三部分 书面表达
第一节
55. They feel wrn ut and unfulfilled.(2分)
56. They cme frm persistence.(2分)
57. The false part is “priritizes the prcess”. Hustle culture fcuses n gals, ignring the prcess.(3分)
58. I will set small, achievable gals and wrk n them cnsistently every day. Fr example, if I want t imprve my English, I will read a few pages f an English bk and practice writing a shrt paragraph
daily.（5分）