福建泉州科技中学高三上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版）-A4

这是一份福建泉州科技中学高三上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版）-A4，共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
时间：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When will the film begin?
A. At 7:20. B. At 7:15. C. At 7:00.
2. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Their sisters. B. A present. C. A birthday party.
3. Hw did the man feel abut his jump in the end?
A. Disappinted. B. Terrified. C. Excited.
4. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Classmates.
B. Salespersn and custmer.
C. Interviewer and interviewee.
5. Where was the wman in the afternn?
A. At a shp. B. At the cinema. C. In a cafe.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，问答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. At a railway statin. B. At an airprt. C. At a htel.
7. When will the man have t leave?
A. At 12:00. B. At 13:00. C. At 14:00.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What’s wrng with the wman?
A. She has a cugh. B. She has a headache. C. She has a fever.
9. Hw many times shuld the wman take the medicine a day?
A. Fur. B. Three. C. Tw.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. Where is the man ging?
A. T a vide stre. B. T a schl. C. T a lunch meeting.
11. What will the wman d fr the peple waiting in the ffice?
A. Have a talk with them.
B. Shw them the new vide.
C. Shw them arund the cmpany.
12. What might be the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Bss and secretary. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. What is the wman interested in nw?
A. Jumping. B. Running. C. Swimming.
14. Wh runs the fastest?
A. Lily. B. Amy. C. Mike.
15. When did the man win the first prize?
A. Last week. B. Last mnth. C. Last year.
16. What will the man take part in this year?
A. The high jump. B. The lng jump. C. Swimming.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. Wh is the speaker?
A. A dctr. B. A waiter. C. An annuncer.
18. What will the weather be like in England tday?
A. Wet and windy. B. Fine but cl. C. Quite dry.
19. Which parts f Eurpe have the highest temperatures?
A. The nrthern parts. B. The eastern parts. C. The suthern parts.
20. Hw many days des the weather frecast mentin?
A. One. B. Tw. C. Three.
第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题25分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
BEST OF THE WORLD
Our annual list highlights travel destinatins that inspire cnnectins and wnder. Here are fur starting pints t launch yur wn travel plan.
Ddecanese Islands, Greece
Waves f cnquerrs-Rmans, Ottmans, Italians-left their fingerprints n everything frm the architecture t the fd n these Greek islands. Tday’s invaders cme nt fr frtune but fr selfies (自拍). Nw less visited parts f the isles, like Karpaths, hpe t balance the ecnmic need fr turism with the envirnmental stresses caused by it.
Tuli Blck, Btswana
Travelers t Btswana have becme mre interested in seeing mre craft-based turs and village hmestays since COVID. A Natinal Gegraphic explrer, Mkd, is establishing an educatin prgram in 10 remte villages, which shws the village teachers hw t weave the envirnment and lcal culture int their lessns.
Luangphabang, Las
The pandemic clsed the brders f many turism-dependent cuntries like Las. But the Sutheast Asian natin hpes the Chinese-cnstructed bullet train will bst dmestic travel. Its 260-mile rute within Las starts at the brder twn f Bten, crsses mre than 70 tunnels and 160 bridges, runs thrugh Luangphabang, and ends in the capital, Vientiane.
Chquequira, Peru
Chquequira is ne f the mst remte Inca sites in the Peruvian Andes. Numerus temples, terraces (梯田), and squares are yet t be fully unearthed. But new infrastructure plans are expected t bst visits t Machu Picchu’s sister city.
1. What wuld travelers like t d mst n Ddecanese Islands?
A. Admire ancient buildings.B. Enjy tasty fd.
C. Make a frtune.D. Take beautiful phts.
2. Which travel destinatin best suits peple wh prefer railway jurneys?
A. Ddecanese Islands.B. Tuli Blck.
C. Luangphabang.D. Chquequira.
3. What d Tuli Blck and Chquequira have in cmmn?
A. They bth have a sister city.B. They bth have an educatin prgram.
C. They bth ffer experiences in rural areas.D. They bth ffer accmmdatin in lcal families.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个登上了年度榜单的旅游目的地。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ddecanese Islands, Greece部分中“Tday’s invaders cme nt fr frtune but fr selfies (自拍).(今天来的旅游者不是为了财富，而是为了自拍)”可知，游客到多德卡尼斯群岛最喜欢的是拍照，故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Luangphabang, Las部分的“But the Sutheast Asian natin hpes the Chinese-cnstructed bullet train will bst dmestic travel. Its 260-mile rute within Las starts at the brder twn f Bten, crsses mre than 70 tunnels and 160 bridges, runs thrugh Luangphabang, and ends in the capital, Vientiane.(但这个东南亚国家希望中国建造的子弹头列车能促进国内旅行。其在老挝境内的260英里路线始于边境城镇磨丁，穿过70多条隧道和160多座桥梁，穿过琅勃拉邦，终点为首都万象)”可知，琅勃拉邦省最适合乘坐火车旅行的人，故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tuli Blck部分的“A Natinal Gegraphic explrer, Mkd, is establishing an educatin prgram in 10 remte villages, which shws the village teachers hw t weave the envirnment and lcal culture int their lessns.(国家地理探险家穆克德正在10个偏远村庄建立一个教育项目，向乡村教师展示如何将环境和当地文化融入他们的课程)”以及Chquequira部分的“Chquequira is ne f the mst remte Inca sites in the Peruvian Andes. Numerus temples, terraces (梯田), and squares are yet t be fully unearthed.(乔奎拉奥是秘鲁安第斯山脉中最偏远的印加遗址之一。许多寺庙、梯田和广场尚未完全出土)”可知，Tuli Blck 和Chquequira两个地区的共同之处是能给游客提供乡村旅行的体验，故选C项。
B
Africa-bund! And nly seven hurs left f a 19-hur flight befre I wuld arrive in Suth Africa fr my third vlunteer trip in three years. But this time it was different. I’d be there alne fr a whle year, withut friends r family. Plus, I had ne challenge ther vlunteers fighting AIDS in Africa didn’t have — I was in a wheelchair.
At eight years ld, I was paralyzed (瘫痪的) frm the waist dwn in a car accident. I spent mnths in a hspital, learning hw t use a wheelchair, hw t get up frm the flr and hw t dress myself. Basically hw t live my life as independently as pssible.
After graduatin frm cllege, I made a year- lng cmmitment t Lily f the Valley Children’s Village, utside Mphela, Suth Africa, where 90 percent f the children are infected with HIV. I wuld see t the kids’ medical needs and teach math and English.
Thse first few weeks were hard, harder than anything I had dne befre. I frced myself t keep trying. I needed t prve myself. But hw culd I tell if I was ding any gd?
One night, a big strm hit. I rlled ut f my cttage the next mrning and my chair lurched (突然倾斜), the wheels sinking int mud. I grasped the wheels tight and pushed hard. The chair wuldn’t mve.
All f my wrst wrries seemed t be cming true. I was stuck, hpelessly stuck. Out f the crner f my eye, I saw children running tward me. Tw f the ldest grabbed the handlebars and the thers pushed me frward.The wheels came free. The kids shuted with delight.
When I said “Thank yu!”, they laughed, “Yu help us. We help yu.”
That eched in my ears all day. The next mrning, the kids were waiting t push me thrugh the mud t hmewrk club.
And the day after that, it became ur little rutine. The mre they helped me, the easier it gt t help them. The kids and I bnded. I wasn’t alne during my year in Africa. Nt at all. I had reached ut t the peple I was assisting, and they, in turn, became my supprt. I was aware, mre than ever, that anyne, even in a wheelchair, can make a difference.
4. What was the authr’s unique challenge during this vlunteer experience?
A. Overcming physical limitatins.
B. Adapting t a new cultural envirnment.
C. Managing a lng-term sl cmmitment.
D. Dealing with the harsh weather cnditins.
5. Hw did the authr feel in the first few weeks in Suth Africa?
A. Disappinted and wanting t give up.
B. Satisfied with the prgress made.
C. Uncertain abut the effectiveness f his help.
D. Frustrated by the children’s lack f cperatin.
6. What was the turning pint in the authr’s relatinship with the children?
A. The children’s vluntary assistance.
B. The authr’s initial arrival in the village.
C. The authr’s first teaching sessin.
D. The authr’s struggle with the wheelchair.
7. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. The struggle f adapting t a new envirnment.
B. The transfrmative pwer f mutual supprt.
C. The challenges f living with a physical disability.
D. The impact f educatin n pr children.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者虽然身有残疾，需要坐轮椅，但是在南非的志愿服务中通过与孩子们的互助，实现了自我价值并深刻体会到了人与人之间相互支持的力量。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Plus, I had ne challenge ther vlunteers fighting AIDS in Africa didn’t have — I was in a wheelchair. (此外，我还有一个其他在非洲抗击艾滋病的志愿者没有的挑战——我坐在轮椅上)”可知，作者在南非的志愿者经历中，特殊的挑战是他的身体残疾，这与其他人相比是一个独特的挑战，需要克服身体局限性。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Thse first few weeks were hard, harder than anything I had dne befre. I frced myself t keep trying. I needed t prve myself. But hw culd I tell if I was ding any gd? (最初的几个星期非常艰难，比我以前做过的任何事情都要艰难。我强迫自己继续尝试。我需要证明自己。但我怎么知道自己做得好不好呢?)”可知，作者在南非的最初几周非常艰难，他强迫自己继续试，并且想知道自己是否真的做得好，这表明他不确定自己的帮助是否有效果。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Out f the crner f my eye, I saw children running tward me. Tw f the ldest grabbed the handlebars and the thers pushed me frward. (我从眼角看到孩子们向我跑来。两个年纪最大的抓住车把，其他人推着我往前走)”和第八段的“That eched in my ears all day.(那些话在我耳边回响了一整天。)”以及最后一段的“And the day after that, it became ur little rutine. The mre they helped me, the easier it gt t help them. The kids and I bnded. I wasn’t alne during my year in Africa.( 第二天，这就成了我们的日常。他们帮我越多，我就越容易帮到他们。孩子们和我很亲密。我在非洲的那一年并不孤单。)”可知，孩子们自发的帮助是作者与南非孩子们关系转变的关键时刻。作者的轮椅陷入泥潭，孩子们跑来帮助他时，他们之间的关系开始有了质的变化。孩子们的行动不仅帮助作者摆脱了困境，也象征着他们之间互助的开始。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The mre they helped me, the easier it gt t help them. The kids and I bnded. I wasn’t alne during my year in Africa. Nt at all. I had reached ut t the peple I was assisting, and they, in turn, became my supprt. I was aware, mre than ever, that anyne, even in a wheelchair, can make a difference. (他们帮我越多，我就越容易帮到他们。孩子们和我很亲密。我在非洲的那一年并不孤单。一点也不。我主动联系了我正在帮助的人，而他们反过来又成为了我的支持。我比以往任何时候都更加意识到，任何人，即使是坐在轮椅上，都可以带来改变)”可知，这篇文章的中心主题是互助的变革力量。作者通过自己的经历展示了即使在面临身体障碍和孤立无援的情况下，通过与他人的相互支持，也能实现个人成长和共同发展。故选B。
C
The cncepts f delayed satisfactin, self-cntrl, and self-regulatin are ften used interchangeably and incnsistently. The ability t delay an impulse (冲动) fr an immediate reward t receive a mre favrable reward at a later time is the standard definitin f delayed satisfactin.
Studies shw that delayed satisfactin is ne f the mst effective persnal characteristics f successful peple. Peple wh learn hw t manage their need t be satisfied in the mment develp mre in their careers, relatinships, health, and finances than peple wh give in t it.
Being able t delay satisfactin isn’t the easiest skill t acquire. It invlves feeling dissatisfied, which is why it seems impssible fr peple wh haven’t learned t cntrl their impulses. Chsing t have smething nw might feel gd, but making the effrt t have discipline and manage yur impulses can result in bigger r better rewards in the future. Over time, delayed satisfactin will imprve yur self-cntrl and ultimately help yu achieve yur lng-term gals faster.
The Seinfeld Strategy is ne f several helpful self-satisfactin techniques yu can use t put ff satisfactin fr lnger perids f time. Every day that yu delay satisfactin and avid temptatin (诱惑) , yu crss it ff yur calendar. After a few days, this creates a chain. This strategy wrks well fr peple wh enjy gamificatin (游戏化). If yu find it satisfying t keep the chain ging, yu’re less likely t give in t temptatin.
D yu find yurself ging back t yur temptatins withut thinking abut it?If this is the case, yu can practice mindfulness t becme mre aware f what yu d. When yu ntice yurself ding smething ut f habit, stp fr a mment. Ask yurself why yu’re ding what yu’re ding. Take sme time t analyze hw yu’re feeling. Pay attentin t the details. Take a mment f mindulness t interrupt yur autpilt every time this happens. The mre yu practice this, the mre yu’ll break the habit f ging fr instant satisfactin.
8. What is delayed satisfactin?
A. Making quick decisins.B. Giving in t desires instantly.
C. Immediate rewards fr impulses.D. Pstpning rewards fr better utcmes.
9. Why is delayed satisfactin hard t attain?
A. It can lead t missed pprtunitiesB. It’s bad fr achieving lng-term gals.
C. It’s impssible t resist the inner needsD. It’s a cmfrt t pssess smething at nce.
10. What des paragraph 4 mainly talk abut?
A. The cmplexity f the Seinfeld StrategyB. An example f self-discipline techniques.
C. A methd f practicing delayed satisfactin.D. The effectiveness f keeping the chain ging.
11. What des the authr suggest peple d fr returning temptatins?
A. Ignre useless details.B. Get rid f ld bad habits.
C. Cncentrate n true inner wants.D. Cancel temptatins frm the calendar.
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了延迟满足的重要性以及如何练习延迟满。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“ The ability t delay an impulse (冲动) fr an immediate reward t receive a mre favrable reward at a later time is the standard definitin f delayed satisfactin.(延迟满足的标准定义是延迟立即获得奖励的冲动，以便稍后获得更有利的奖励的能力。)”可知延迟满足是推迟奖励以获得更好的结果。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Being able t delay satisfactin isn’t the easiest skill t acquire. It invlves feeling dissatisfied, which is why it seems impssible fr peple wh haven’t learned t cntrl their impulses. Chsing t have smething nw might feel gd, but making the effrt t have discipline and manage yur impulses can result in bigger r better rewards in the future.(能够延迟满足并不是最容易获得的技能。它涉及到不满意的感觉，这就是为什么对于那些还没有学会控制自己的冲动的人来说似乎是不可能的。选择现在拥有某些东西可能会感觉很好，但努力遵守纪律并控制自己的冲动可能会在未来带来更大或更好的回报。)”可知，延迟满足很难获得是因为选择现在拥有某些东西可能会感觉很好，是舒适的，故选D。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“The Seinfeld Strategy is ne f several helpful self-satisfactin techniques yu can use t put ff satisfactin fr lnger perids f time. Every day that yu delay satisfactin and avid temptatin (诱惑) , yu crss it ff yur calendar. After a few days, this creates a chain. This strategy wrks well fr peple wh enjy gamificatin (游戏化). If yu find it satisfying t keep the chain ging, yu’re less likely t give in t temptatin.(《宋飞传》策略是几种有用的自我满足技巧之一，你可以用它来推迟更长时间的满足感。每一天你推迟满足感并避免诱惑，你就会把它从你的日历上划掉。几天后，这就形成了一条链。这种策略对于喜欢游戏化的人来说很有效。如果你发现维持链条运转很令人满意，你就不太可能屈服于诱惑。)”可知，第四段主要讲述了一种练习延迟满足的方法。故选C。
11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“D yu find yurself ging back t yur temptatins withut thinking abut it?If this is the case, yu can practice mindfulness t becme mre aware f what yu d. When yu ntice yurself ding smething ut f habit, stp fr a mment. Ask yurself why yu’re ding what yu’re ding. Take sme time t analyze hw yu’re feeling. Pay attentin t the details. Take a mment f mindulness t interrupt yur autpilt every time this happens.(您是否发现自己不假思索地又回到了诱惑之中？如果是这种情况，您可以练习正念以更加了解自己所做的事情。当你发现自己在做一些不习惯的事情时，停下来一会儿。问问自己为什么要做你正在做的事情。花一些时间来分析您的感受。注意细节。每次发生这种情况时，花点时间保持正念，打断你的自动驾驶)”可知，作者建议人们练习正念来抵御诱惑，即问自己为什么要做正在做的事，分析自己的感受，由此可推知，作者建议人们专注于真正的内心需求以此来抵御诱惑，故选C。
D
It seems bvius that frests wuld prvide better habitat fr frest- living wildlife than farms. Yet, in ne f the lngest- running studies f trpical wildlife ppulatins in the wrld, Stanfrd researchers fund that ver 18 years, smaller farms with varying crp types-mixed with patches r ribbns f frest — sustain many frest- dependent bird ppulatins in Csta Rica, even as ppulatins decline in frests.
In a paper published n Sept.4 in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences, Nichlas Hendersht and clleagues cmpared trends in specific bird ppulatins acrss three landscape types in Csta Rica: frests, diversified farms, and intensive agriculture. The steepest declines were fund in frests, then in intensive agriculture and the species succeeding in intensive agriculture were ften invasive (侵入的). But n diversified farms, a significant subset f bird species typically fund in frests, including sme f cnservatin cncern, actually increased ver time.
While this research implies that diversified farming culd be key fr bidiversity, the relatinship ges bth ways: bidiversity is key fr fd security. In this case, that means having a variety f types f birds feeding n insects and helping t pllinate (对……授粉) crps.
“Identity des seem t matter a lt fr pest cntrl and ther ecsystem services birds prvide. These species are nt interchangeable,” said Hendersht.
It has becme increasingly apparent arund the wrld that while prtected areas remain critical, they are t few and far between t prvide the ecsystem services peple and nature need t bm. Wrking landscapes are crucial nw fr preserving bidiversity and its benefits. “Peple, including scientists, had the idea that farmland wuld nt supprt a meaningful amunt f bidiversity,” said Gretchen Daily. In this case, nt nly are diversified farms themselves prviding habitat, they cnnect therwise fragmented frested areas.
“We believe the findings f ur research are new t science, but in a sense, it merely cnfirms what indigenus (土著的) cmmunities arund the wrld have already knwn fr a lng time, which is that humans can and shuld have mutually (相互地) beneficial relatinships with the rest f the lcal eclgical cmmunity they are part f,” said Tadashi Fukami, a prfessr f bilgy in H&S and f Earth system science in the Stanfrd Derr Schl f Sustainability and a c- authr f the paper.
12. What is knwn frm the Stanfrd study abut bird ppulatins in Csta Rica?
A. Diversified farms supprt frest bird species.
B. Frests are the best habitat fr all bird species.
C. Intensive farms have n impact n bird ppulatins.
D. Bird species increase nly in undisturbed frests.
13. What is the cre message cnveyed in paragraph 3 and paragraph 4?
A. Diversified farms enhance bird diversity.
B. Fd security depends n crp pllinatin.
C. Bird diversity is crucial fr fd security.
D. Pest cntrl desn’t require diverse bird species.
14. What can the underlined wrd “fragmented” in paragraph 5 be replaced by?
A. Separated.B. Enriched.C. Expanded.D. Transfrmed.
15. What des Tadashi Fukami say abut the research findings?
A. Indigenus wisdm is nt needed fr new science.
B. The research is a prf f indigenus knwledge.
C. New findings challenge traditinal eclgical views.
D. The study reveals humans are superir t nature.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了斯坦福大学的研究发现——多样化农场与鸟类种群数量的关系。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Yet, in ne f the lngest- running studies f trpical wildlife ppulatins in the wrld, Stanfrd researchers fund that ver 18 years, smaller farms with varying crp types - mixed with patches r ribbns f frest — sustain many frest- dependent bird ppulatins in Csta Rica, even as ppulatins decline in frests.(然而，在世界上持续时间最长的热带野生动物种群研究之一中，斯坦福大学的研究人员发现，在18年多的时间里，尽管森林中的鸟类种群数量减少，但种植不同作物类型的小型农场——与成片或成带的森林混合在一起——维持着哥斯达黎加许多依赖森林的鸟类种群)”可知，斯坦福大学关于哥斯达黎加鸟类种群的研究表明种植不同作物类型的小型农场维持着许多依赖森林的鸟类种群，即多样化的农场支持森林鸟类。故选A。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“While this research implies that diversified farming culd be key fr bidiversity, the relatinship ges bth ways: bidiversity is key fr fd security. In this case, that means having a variety f types f birds feeding n insects and helping t pllinate crps.(虽然这项研究表明，多样化的农业可能是生物多样性的关键，但这种关系是双向的：生物多样性是粮食安全的关键。这意味着有各种类型的鸟类捕食昆虫并帮助授粉作物。)”以及第四段““Identity des seem t matter a lt fr pest cntrl and ther ecsystem services birds prvide. These species are nt interchangeable,” said Hendersht.(亨德森肖特说：“身份似乎对害虫控制和鸟类提供的其他生态系统服务非常重要。这些物种是不可互换的。”)”可知，生物多样性与粮食安全之间存在着相互关系，这意味着有各种类型的鸟类捕食昆虫并帮助授粉作物，鸟类在害虫控制和其他生态系统服务中非常重要，即鸟类多样性对粮食安全至关重要。故选C。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段“Wrking landscapes are crucial nw fr preserving bidiversity and its benefits. “Peple, including scientists, had the idea that farmland wuld nt supprt a meaningful amunt f bidiversity,” said Gretchen Daily. In this case, nt nly are diversified farms themselves prviding habitat, they cnnect therwise fragmented frested areas.(现在，工作景观对于保护生物多样性及其益处至关重要。《格雷琴日报》说：“人们，包括科学家，都认为农田不会支持大量的生物多样性。”。在这种情况下，多样化的农场不仅本身提供了栖息地，还连接了否则会fragmented森林地区)”可知，划线词汇描述森林区域被分割成小块，不再连续，推测划线单词表示“破碎的，分离的”，与Separated意义相近。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““We believe the findings f ur research are new t science, but in a sense, it merely cnfirms what indigenus cmmunities arund the wrld have already knwn fr a lng time, which is that humans can and shuld have mutually beneficial relatinships with the rest f the lcal eclgical cmmunity they are part f,” said Tadashi Fukami, a prfessr f bilgy in H&S and f Earth system science in the Stanfrd Derr Schl f Sustainability and a c- authr f the paper.(“我们相信我们的研究结果对科学来说是新的，但从某种意义上说，它只是证实了世界各地的土著社区长期以来已经知道的事情，即人类可以而且应该与他们所属的其他当地生态社区建立互惠互利的关系，”健康与安全学院生物学教授、斯坦福大学多尔可持续发展学院地球系统科学教授、该论文的合著者Tadashi Fukami说)”可知，Fukami 教授指出，尽管研究结果对科学界来说是新的，但它实际上只是证实了世界各地原住民社区早已知道的事情，即人类可以并且应该与他们所在的当地生态社区建立互利的关系。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Establishing healthy bundaries with yurself will help yu stay within yur range f cntrl and priritize what matters mst. Here are sme tips.
Be hnest with yurself
Behind every fancy purchase is a desire fr status and recgnitin. Yu secretly want t be nticed fr wearing a new watch r carrying a designer purse.___16___S befre taking actin twards any endeavr, such as making an expensive purchase r pursuing a jb prmtin, ask yurself, “Wh am I ding this fr?”
___17___Hwever,if yu are pursuing smething with the hpes f attracting attentin, then yu need t say n t yurself.
Hnr yur limits
Yu can’t be everything fr everyne. Trying t please everyne makes yu vulnerable.___18___It is imprtant that yu are wise with yur resurces.
The imprtance f hnring yur limits is highlighted by the Greek mythlgical stry. The stry is a reminder that pushing yurself t hard fr t lng ultimately cmes at a cst.
Stp cmparing yurself t thers
Peple will engage in behavirs that trigger yu. It might be tempting t enter an undeclared cmpetitin with the Jneses. This apprach des nt wrk because there is always smene ut there wh has mre f what yu desire.
Stp cmparing yurself t thers.___19___Fcus n living a meaningful life that is cnsistent with yur values and gals.
Be fair t yurself
Yu are likely yur wrst critic. Yu secretly say things t yurself that yu wuld never have the heart t tell thers.
Remember t have realistic expectatins f yurself.___20___If the gal is unrealistic, then yu have t say n and adjust yur expectatins.
A. Yu criticize yurself fr shrtcmings.
B. The truth is yu have limited energy and time.
C. The reality is that yu are nt being recgnized.
D. What smene is ding with their life has nthing t d with yu.
E. If a pursuit will truly imprve the quality f yur life, then g fr it.
F. The same can be said abut ther pursuits such as accumulating wealth and status.
G. When yu set gals, cnsider whether yu have set the standard at a reasnable level.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. B 19. D 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“对自己建立健康的界限将有助于你保持在自己的控制范围内，并优先考虑最重要的事情”提出了几点建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Yu secretly want t be nticed fr wearing a new watch r carrying a designer purse.( 你偷偷地想因为戴了一块新手表或带了一个名牌钱包而被人注意)”以及下文“s befre taking actin twards any endeavr, such as making an expensive purchase r pursuing a jb prmtin, ask yurself, “Wh am I ding this fr?”(因此，在采取任何行动之前，比如购买昂贵的东西或寻求晋升，问问自己，“我这样做是为了谁？”)”可知，上下文讲的是你越是想让别人注意，却越是不一定被注意，与C项“The reality is that yu are nt being recgnized(事实情况是是你没有被认可)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Hwever, if yu are pursuing smething with the hpes f attracting attentin, then yu need t say n t yurself.( 然而，如果你带着能引起注意的希望正在追求某件事，那么你需要对自己说不)”可知上下文说的是有关“pursuing smething(追求某件事)”含义的话题，与E项“If a pursuit will truly imprve the quality f yur life, then g fr it.(如果追求能真正提高你的生活质量，那就去追求吧)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Yu can’t be everything fr everyne. Trying t please everyne makes yu vulnerable.”（你不可能成为所有人的一切。试图取悦所有人只会让你变得脆弱。）根据下文“It is imprtant that yu are wise with yur resurces.( 明智地使用资源是很重要的)”可知，人的精力和时间是有限的，与B项“The truth is yu have limited energy and time(事实是你的精力和时间有限)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Stp cmparing yurself t thers(别再拿自己和别人比较了)”根据下文“Fcus n living a meaningful life that is cnsistent with yur values and gals.”（专注于过与你的价值观和目标一致的有意义的生活。）可知此处说的与别人比较是不明智的，因为他们所做的一切与你无关，与D项“What smene is ding with their life has nthing t d with yu.( 别人在他的生活中所做的一切与你无关)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Remember t have realistic expectatins f yurself(记住对自己来说有现实意义的期望)”以及下文“If the gal is unrealistic, then yu have t say n and adjust yur expectatins.(如果目标不现实，那么你要去说不并调整你的期望)”可知此处说的是目标设置要合理，与G项“When yu set gals, cnsider whether yu have set the standard at a reasnable level.( 当你设定目标时，要考虑你是否将标准设定在了合理的水平上)” 表达的含义一致，故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was 24, I mved t America, 11,000 kilmeters away frm my hmeland. This was ___21___, especially fitting int an unfamiliar envirnment. Wrking frm hme increased my ___22___, as I was cut ff frm scial interactins. Hwever, serving as a vlunteer at a lcal animal shelter ___23___ everything.
Upn arriving at the shelter, I was ___24___ t a small, grey and white cat named Luna immediately. Fund abandned and terrified f humans, Luna ___25___ in the crner, shaking. Her lnely green eyes seemed t ___26___ my wn sense f displacement in this freign land. My task was t slwly gain Luna’s ___27___ and help her adjust, which felt similar t my effrts t ___28___ this new place.
As days turned int weeks, Luna and I develped a ___29___. The prcess f feeding her, speaking sftly, and the ____30____ required t lk after her made this little creature gradually pen her heart t me. Her ____31____ encuraged me t step utside, make new friends, and becme part f the cmmunity.
My time at the shelter prvided a valuable ____32____ int settling dwn in a new cuntry. It is an inspiring experience f ____33____ gaps f language and culture and a jurney f persnal grwth. Frm it, I realized the value f time, lve, and a(n) ____34____ heart in frming meaningful relatinships. This jurney aided me in finding a sense f ____35____ in an unfamiliar land.
21. A. tughB. dangerusC. excitingD. rewarding
22. A. happinessB. interestC. lnelinessD. guilt
23. A. upsetB. cstC. challengedD. changed
24. A. drawnB. cmparedC. drivenD. devted
25. A. playedB. hidC. sleptD. relaxed
26. A. rejectB. cntrlC. cverD. mirrr
27. A. praiseB. sympathyC. frgivenessD. trust
28 A. escape frmB. adapt tC. get arundD. search fr
29. A. bndB. planC. habitD. skill
30. A. guidanceB. independenceC. cnfidenceD. patience
31. A. curageB. acceptanceC. assistanceD. curisity
32. A. innvatinB. insightC. investigatinD. investment
33. A. leavingB. wideningC. bridgingD. creating
34. A. penB. simpleC. strngD. inncent
35. A. respnsibilityB. securityC. belngingD. freedm
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者身在异国他乡，感到格格不入，后来作者在当地一家动物收容所做志愿者，作者在这里照顾一只名叫Luna的猫的经历让作者发生了改变，找到了归属感。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很艰难，尤其是在一个陌生的环境中适应。A. tugh艰难的；B. dangerus危险的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. rewarding值得做的。根据空后的“especially fitting int an unfamiliar envirnment”可知，作者难以融入陌生的环境中。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在家工作增加了我孤独感，因为我被切断了与社交的联系。A. happiness幸福；B. interest兴趣；C. lneliness寂寞；D. guilt愧疚。根据空后的“as I was cut ff frm scial interactins”可知，作者在家工作，无法与外界交流，所以感到孤独。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在当地动物收容所当志愿者改变了一切。A. upset使烦恼，打乱；B. cst需付费；C. challenged向……挑战；D. changed改变。根据Hwever前后的语境可知，作者在收容所当志愿者之前感觉难以融入和孤独，但来到收容所后作者发生了改变。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到达收容所后，我立刻被一只灰白色的小猫Luna吸引住了。A. drawn吸引；B. cmpared比较；C. driven驾驶，驱使；D. devted献身，致力。根据空后的“t a small, grey and white cat named Luna immediately”可知，作者被这只名叫Luna的猫吸引了。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Luna被遗弃，害怕人类，她躲在角落里发抖。A. played玩耍；B. hid隐藏；C. slept睡觉；D. relaxed（使）放松。根据句中的“Fund abandned and terrified f humans”和空后的“in the crner, shaking”可知，由于害怕，Luna躲在角落里发抖。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她孤独的绿色眼睛似乎反映了我在这片异国他乡的流离失所感。A. reject拒绝；B. cntrl控制；C. cver覆盖；D. mirrr反映，映照。根据第一段内容并结合句中的“Her lnely green eyes”和“my wn sense f displacement in this freign land”可知，作者在异国他乡感到难以融入和孤独，这只猫的处境让作者产生了共鸣，它孤独的绿色眼睛反映了作者在异国他乡的流离失所感。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的任务是慢慢获得Luna的信任，帮助她适应，这与我适应这个新地方的努力相似。A. praise表扬；B. sympathy同情；C. frgiveness原谅；D. trust信任。根据下文中的“made this little creature gradually pen her heart t me”并结合常识可知，作者照顾这只猫时需要获得它的信任。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A. escape frm从……逃跑；B. adapt t适应；C. get arund各处走动；D. search fr寻找。根据句中的“help her adjust”可知，帮助猫适应的过程与作者努力适应新地方的过程类似。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：日子一天天过去，我和Luna结下了不解之缘。A. bnd联系，关系；B. plan计划；C. habit习惯；D. skill技巧。根据下文“he prcess f feeding her, speaking sftly, and the ___10___required t lk after her made this little creature gradually pen her heart t me. Her ___11___encuraged me t step utside, make new friends, and becme part f the cmmunity.”可知，随着时间流逝，Luna和作者之间建立了融洽的关系，他和猫都发生了潜移默化的改变。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：喂养她的过程，轻声细语，以及照顾她的耐心，让这个小家伙逐渐向我敞开了心扉。A. guidance指导；B. independence独立；C. cnfidence自信；D. patience耐心。根据空后的“required t lk after her”并结合常识可知，照顾流浪猫需要耐心。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的接受鼓励我走出去，结交新朋友，成为社区的一部分。A. curage勇气；B. acceptance接受；C. assistance帮助；D. curisity好奇心。根据上文中的“The prcess f feeding her, speaking sftly, and the ___10___required t lk after her made this little creature gradually pen her heart t me.”可知，猫逐渐向作者打开了心扉，它接受了作者。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在收容所的时间为我在一个新国家安定下来提供了宝贵的见解。A. innvatin创新；B. insight洞察力，洞悉，了解；C. investigatin调查；D. investment投资。根据下文中的“It is an inspiring experience f ___13___gaps f language and culture and a jurney f persnal grwth. Frm it, I realized the value f time, lve, and a(n) ___14___heart in frming meaningful relatinships.”可知，作者在收容所的经历让作者对在异国安顿下来有了新的见解。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一次弥合语言和文化隔阂的鼓舞人心的经历，也是一次个人成长之旅。A. leaving离开；B. widening拓宽；C. bridging在……上架桥；D. creating创造。根据空后的“gaps f language and culture”可知，这里指消除语言和文化隔阂。bridge the gap意为“消除隔阂”。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从中我意识到了时间、爱和一颗开放的心在建立有意义的关系方面的价值。A. pen开发的，敞开的；B. simple艰难的；C. strng强壮的；D. inncent无辜的，清白的。根据上文中的“This was ___1___, especially fitting int an unfamiliar envirnment.”并结合作者和猫之间的经历可知，作者曾经难以适应新环境，但与猫的相处经历让他明白了保持一颗开放的心对建立关系的意义。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段旅程帮助我在一片陌生的土地上找到了归属感。A. respnsibility责任；B. security安全；C. belnging归属；D. freedm自由。根据上文中的“Her ___11___encuraged me t step utside, make new friends, and becme part f the cmmunity.”和空后的“in an unfamiliar land”并结合语境可知，作者在与猫相处的过程中获得了成长，学着走出去社交，他在陌生的地方找到了归属感。故选C。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hme t the headwaters f the Yangtze, Yellw and Lancang rivers, the Sanjiangyuan area n the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原) is knwn as “China’s water twer.” It is a ____36____ (whle) unique plateau wetland ecsystem and serves as ____37____ imprtant eclgical defense fr the cuntry.
Decades ag, serius envirnmental degradatin (恶化) in Sanjiangyuan, ____38____ was caused by climate change and human activities, resulted in a large number f lakes drying ut and wildlife numbers falling sharply. In 2016, the pilt prgram fr the Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park management system ____39____ (launch). Thrugh painstaking practice, develpment and innvatin, effrts have been made ____40____ (turn) the park int a symbl f the prgress f China’s eclgical civilizatin.
Over the past years, the eclgical envirnment f the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ____41____ (experience) cmprehensive changes. Water cnservatin in the area has risen ____42____ 11 percent every year, cmpared with 10 years ag.
Lcal residents enjy the gifts given by nature, and the ____43____ (establish) f the natinal park has enabled them t transfrm frm expliting (开发) nature t becming its prtectrs and benefiting frm it. Sme wrk as tur guides, ____44____ (assist) visitrs frm hme and abrad.
Tday, as peple walk n the vast land f Sanjiangyuan, lking at the expansive muntains, glaciers, lakes and pastures, ____45____ catching sight f wild animals and birds, they cannt help be impressed by the vastness and beauty f nature.
【答案】36. whlly 37. an
38. which 39. was launched
40. t turn
41. has experienced 42. by
43 establishment
44. assisting
45. and
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了三江源生态恶化，国家采取了一系列措施保护该地区，并取得了成效。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：它是一个完全独特的高原湿地生态系统，是国家重要的生态防御。空后为形容词，结合句意及提示词，空处应为副词，修饰unique。故填whlly。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它是一个完全独特的高原湿地生态系统，是国家重要的生态防御。空后imprtant为元音音素的单词，结合句意可知空处应为冠词，故填an。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：几十年前，由于气候变化和人类活动造成的三江源环境严重恶化，导致大量湖泊干涸，野生动物数量急剧下降。分析句子可知，空处缺主语，为非限制性定语从句，serius envirnmental degradatin in Sanjiangyuan为先行词，故填which。
【39题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：2016年，启动三江源国家公园管理体系试点。主语为Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park management system是单数，和lanuch为被动关系，时间2016为过去时，故填was lancuhed。
【40题详解】
考查不定式。句意：通过潜心实践、发展和创新，努力使园区成为中国生态文明进步的象征。painstaking practice, develpment and innvatin, effrts为主语，have been made为谓语，空出为不定式做目的状语，用t+不定式，故填t turn。
【41题详解】
考查现在完成时。句意：多年来，青藏高原生态环境发生了全面变化。根据Over the past years可知，时态为现在完成时，主语为the eclgical envirnment f the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau为单数，故填has experienced。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：与10年前相比，该地区的节水率每年增长11%。rise by为固定搭配，其后常跟表示增长的幅度，也就是说增长了多少，by后通常接分数、百分数、倍数等。故填by。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：当地居民享受大自然的馈赠，国家公园的建立使他们从开发自然转变为成为自然的保护者并从中受益。根据句意，结合空前冠词及空后介词f可知，空处为名词。故填establishment。
【44题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：有些人担任导游，协助来自国内外的游客。assist与tur guides构成主动关系，应用现在分词。故填assisting。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：如今，当人们走在三江源这片广袤的土地上，望着辽阔的山峦、冰川、湖泊和牧场，看到野生动物和鸟类时，不禁被大自然的浩瀚和美丽所折服。句中lking at the expansive muntains, glaciers, lakes and pastures和catching sight f wild animals and birds 为并列结构，应用and连接。故填and。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：(满分15分)
46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，下个月将组织举办一场校园慈善音乐会。请给你校的英国留学生Chris写一封邮件邀请他来参与演出，内容包括：
1. 活动介绍；
2. 表演形式建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Chris,
I’m thrilled t invite yu t be part f smething truly special! We’re putting tgether a charity cncert next mnth with the gal f raising funds t supprt pr students.
We’d be abslutely excited t have yu share yur gift with us. Here are a few ideas that might suit yur style. If yu fancy taking center stage, hw abut a sl pian perfrmance f a classical piece? It wuld be a shwstpper! Or, if yu’re up fr it, a duet with ther student musicians culd be a magical cllabratin that ur audience wuld lve.
Lking frward t yur reply !
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国留学生Chris写一封邮件邀请他来参加学习举办的校园慈善音乐会。内容包括：活动介绍以及表演形式建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
目标：gal→ aim
兴奋的：excited→ exalted
适合：suit→ fit
合作：cllabratin→ cperatin
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We’re putting tgether a charity cncert next mnth with the gal f raising funds t supprt pr students.
拓展句：We’re putting tgether a charity cncert next mnth whse gal is t raise funds t supprt pr students.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Here are a few ideas that might suit yur style.（运用了that引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Or, if yu’re up fr it, a duet with ther student musicians culd be a magical cllabratin that ur audience wuld lve.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句与that引导的定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I am Hugh, and Mama always allws me t ride the bus t schl by myself. One day, an ld wman gt n the bus with an anxius lk n her face. She fished in her pcket but failed t take anything ut. She explained smething t the driver in a lw vice, and then the driver signed t her t take a seat. Right behind me, I heard a man's whisper,“ Why didn't she pay fr her fare(车费)?”A wman respnded,“ Maybe she always expects a free ride, and she gets it.”
I heard all thse wrds and it was nly then that I nticed the sign saying what wasn't allwed n the bus. N free rides. N spitting. N playing music. I glanced arund my seat, and saw the wman duck her head dwn. Her face turned red with embarrassment as she attempted t avid making eye cntact with anyne.
It remained unknwn why she didn't pay, but I felt srry fr her. I reached deep int my schlbag fr the wallet that cntained the change I had earned frm husewrk and returning bttles and wastepaper t the recycling center. I rse frm my seat, came t the frnt and put a shiny cin int the fa re bx. I whispered t the driver,“ Fr the lady,” my heart filled with pride. The driver gave me an apprving smile. And then the machine beeped (哔哔声), saying an adult's fare had been paid. I saw a relaxed smile spreading acrss her face.
Tw weeks later, it was raining fit t drwn the twn. After schl, I dashed ut f the schl gate and hurried t the bus stp. By the time the bus pulled up, I was wet thrugh. I caught sight f the familiar face f the driver when I std at the fare bx. I dug in my schlbag fr the wallet.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
But I was at a lss when I pened it.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I was abut t get ff when the driver stpped me.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】But I was at a lss when I pened it. My wallet was gne! I must have left it at hme. I felt my face turn red with embarrassment, just like the ld wman frm befre. I lked up at the driver, unsure f what t d. The driver recgnized me and gave me a reassuring smile. “It’s kay, kid,” he said, “Just take a seat.” I ndded gratefully and fund an empty seat near the back. I culdn’t help but think abut hw the ld wman must have felt that day. Nw, I was in her shes, and it didn’t feel gd at all.
I was abut t get ff when the driver stpped me. “Wait a minute,” he said, reaching int his pcket. He handed me a small, shiny cin. “Here, take this. It’s fr yur fare tmrrw.” I was stunned. “But why?” I asked. The driver smiled warmly. “Because kindness always cmes back arund,” he said. I tk the cin, my heart swelling with gratitude. As I stepped ff the bus, I realized that a simple act f kindness culd make a big difference in smene’s day. And frm that mment n, I prmised myself t always pay it frward whenever I culd.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，本文讲述了我在公交车上帮助了一位没有钱支付车费的老女人，两周后自己也遇到了同样的困境，最终得到了司机的帮助。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“但是当我打开它的时候，我不知所措。”可知，第一段可描写我发现自己忘记带钱包，感到尴尬，但司机认出了我让我免费乘车。
②由第二段首句内容“我正要下车，这时司机拦住了我。”可知，第二段可描写司机在我下车前给了我一枚硬币，告诉我“善意总会回报”，我感到非常感激，并决心以后也要帮助别人。
2.续写线索：忘记带钱包——感到尴尬——司机认出了我并让我免费乘车——感激—决心
3.词汇激活
行为类
①给与：ffer /give
②帮助：help/assist
③承诺：prmise /cmmit
④意识到：realize /be aware f
情绪类
①惊讶的：stunned/amazed
②感激：gratitude/appreciatin
【点睛】[高分句型1] I tk the cin, my heart swelling with gratitude. (运用了独立主格结构)