高考英语二轮专项训练-完形填空（名校模拟10篇）（解析版）- （天津专用）

这是一份高考英语二轮专项训练-完形填空（名校模拟10篇）（解析版）- （天津专用），共42页。

1.（2024·天津·一模）After my dad passed away, my mm went int her rm and shut the dr. She sat n the bed with the lights 1 and curtains drawn. That’s where she 2 fr the next tw mnths. I had never seen my mm s 3 . I didn’t knw hw t 4 her until I rde past my Aunt Ruby’s huse ne day. I 5 just t see if she was all right. I walked t the dr and 6 . A 92-year-ld lady asked, “Wh’s there?”
“It’s me, Aunt Ruby. It’s Debbie.”
“I need yu,” she said 7 . “Bb’s family fell ill and Bb has t leave t take care f his family.”
Bb was her persnal 8 . Fr years, she had smene living in her hme t lk after her. 9 , she was alne n this particular day. Aunt Ruby was trying t take care f herself.
As I gt hme, I talked t my mm thrugh the bedrm dr after 10
her dinner. “Mm, d yu knw Aunt Ruby has been ver there all by herself?” I said. She made a 11 “Umm.” I knew she was listening and wanted t help. Then she asked me a 12 abut Aunt Ruby.
“Did she say she need smene?”
“Yes,” I answered.
13 , my mm came ut. She asked me t drp her ff at Aunt Ruby’s huse. I culdn’t 14 t get her ut f the huse. Aunt Ruby 15 my mm with pen arms. My mm cked meals and helped Aunt Ruby. They enjyed their 16 time tgether. Mm became 17 again.
There was a spirit f 18 and lve between them. I thught that maybe 19 gave them a bnd, but caring abut each ther made a big 20 t their lives.
1．A．beyndB．behindC．utD．ver
2．A．disappearedB．stayedC．recrdedD．missed
3．A．frightenedB．depressedC．embarrassedD．disappinted
4．A．prtectB．tlerateC．faceD．assist
5．A．stpped byB．went aheadC．set ffD．hung arund
6．A．kickedB．hesitatedC．witnessedD．kncked
7．A．sharplyB．warmlyC．weaklyD．wisely
8．A．caregiverB．tutrC．cachD．expert
9．A．TherefreB．HweverC．BesidesD．Otherwise
10．A．samplingB．rderingC．cllectingD．delivering
11．A．cmplaintB．claimC．respnseD．remark
12．A．ptinB．slutinC．questinD．cmment
13．A．EventuallyB．GenerallyC．InitiallyD．Additinally
14．A．failB．waitC．refuseD．agree
15．A．fllwedB．remindedC．entertainedD．greeted
16．A．specialB．embarrassedC．stressfulD．funny
17．A．creativeB．intelligentC．dynamicD．ambitius
18．A．reflectingB．fightingC．pineeringD．sharing
19．A．sadnessB．lnelinessC．tirednessD．bitterness
20．A．differenceB．cntributinC．dnatinD．cmmitment
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．D 16．A 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了，妈妈在爸爸去世后孤独难过，在照顾鲁比阿姨的 过程中重新恢复活力的故事。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她坐在床上，关着灯，拉上窗帘。A. beynd在另一边；B. behind在……的后边；C. ut熄灭；D. ver结束。根据上文“After my dad passed away, my mm went int her rm and shut the dr.( 我爸爸去世后，我妈妈走进她的房间，关上了门)”可知，这里说的是爸爸去世后妈妈难过，一个人待在房间里，灯关着，故选择C项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的两个月她都呆在那里。A. disappeared消失；B. stayed保持，停留；C. recrded记录；D. missed错过。根据下文“ 13 , my mm came ut(最后，妈妈走了出来)”可知，这里说的是妈妈接下来都一个人呆在屋子里，故选择B项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从未见过我妈妈如此沮丧。A. frightened害怕的；B. depressed沮丧的；C. embarrassed尴尬对的；D. disappinted失望的。根据上文“After my dad passed away, my mm went int her rm and shut the dr.(我爸爸去世后，我妈妈走进她的房间，关上了门)”可知，爸爸去世后妈妈非常的沮丧抑郁，故选择B项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到有一天我骑车经过鲁比阿姨的家，我才知道如何帮助她。A. prtect保护；B. tlerate容忍；C. face面对；D. assist帮助。根据上文“I had never seen my mm s depressed. (我从未见过我妈妈如此沮丧)”可知，这里说的是面对妈妈的难过，我不知道该如何帮助她，故选择D项。
5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我顺道来看看她是否没事。A. stpped by顺便到访；B. went ahead前进；C. set ff动身；D. hung arund闲荡。根据上文“until I rde past my Aunt Ruby’s huse ne day.(直到有一天我骑车经过鲁比阿姨的家)”可知，这里说的是，我顺道去探望她，故选择A项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走到门口敲门。A. kicked踢；B. hesitated犹豫；C. witnessed见证；D. kncked敲。根据上文“I walked t the d(我走到门口)”可知，走到门口后敲门，故选择D项。
7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我需要你，”她虚弱地说。A. sharply急剧地；B. warmly热情地；C. weakly虚弱地；D. wisely明智地。根据上文“A 92-year-ld lady(一位92岁的老太太)”以及“I need yu(我需要你)”可知，这里说的是虚弱地说，故选择C项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲍勃是她的私人看护人。A. caregiver家庭护理员；B. tutr家庭教师；C. cach教练；D. expert专家。根据下文“Fr years, she had smene living in her hme t lk after her.(多年来，她家里一直有人照顾她)”可知，这里说的是鲍勃是她的私人看护，故选择A项。
9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在这个特殊的日子里，她独自一人。A. Therefre因此；B. Hwever然而；C. Besides此外；D. Otherwise否则。根据下文“Fr years, she had smene living in her hme t lk after her.( 多年来，她家里一直有人照顾她)”可知，这里想要表达的是转折关系，故选择B项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回家后，我给妈妈送完晚饭，隔着卧室的门和她说话。A. sampling取样；B. rdering命令；C. cllecting收集； D. delivering递送。根据下文的“dinner(晚饭)”可知，这里使用delivering“递送”符合句意，故选择D项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她回答说“嗯。”A. cmplaint抱怨；B. claim宣称；C. respnse回应；D. remark评论。根据上文““Mm, d yu knw Aunt Ruby has been ver there all by herself?” I said.(“妈妈，你知道鲁比阿姨一个人在那边吗？”我说)”可知，这里说的是妈妈做出回应，故选择C项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她问了我一个关于鲁比阿姨的问题。A. ptin选择；B. slutin解决方案；C. questin问题；D. cmment评论。根据下文““Did she say she need smene?”(“她说她需要人吗？”)”可知，这里说的是她问了我一个问题，故选择C项。
13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我妈妈出来了。A. Eventually最终；B. Generally通常；C. Initially起初；D. Additinally此外。根据上文“That’s where she 2 fr the next tw mnths.(接下来的两个月她都呆在那里)”可知，这里说的是妈妈终于走了出来，故选择A项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我迫不及待地想把她从房子里带出来。A. fail失败；B. wait等待；C. refuse拒绝；D. agree同意。根据上文“She asked me t drp her ff at Aunt Ruby’s huse.( 她让我把她送到鲁比姑妈家)”可知，这里说的是我迫不及待的带她出来，故选择B项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：鲁比阿姨张开双臂迎接我妈妈。A. fllwed跟随；B. reminded提醒；C. entertained娱乐；D. greeted欢迎。根据下文“with pen arms (张开双臂)”可知，这里说的是以这种方式来欢迎我妈妈，故选择D项。
16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们很享受在一起的特别时光。A. special特别的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. stressful紧张的；D. funny滑稽的。跟姐姐下文“Mm became 17 again.(妈妈又充满活力了)”可知，这里说的是他们一起度过的特别时光，故选择A项。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：妈妈又充满活力了。A. creative创造性的；B. intelligent聪明的；C. dynamic充满活力的；D. ambitius有雄心的。根据上文“I had never seen my mm s depressed. (我从未见过我妈妈如此沮丧)”可知，这里说的是妈妈重新恢复了活力，故选择C项。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们之间有一种分享和爱的精神。A. reflectin反映；B. fighting打斗；C. pineering开拓；D. sharing分享。根据下文“I thught that maybe 19 gave them a bnd(我想也许孤独给了她们一种纽带)”可知，这里说的是两个孤独的人之间互相分享，互相安慰，故选择D项。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想也许孤独给了她们一种纽带，但关心彼此对他们的生活产生了很大的影响。A. sadness悲伤；B. lneliness孤独；C. tiredness疲惫；D. bitterness痛苦。根据上文“she was alne n this particular day.(在这个特殊的日子里，她独自一人。)”可知，这里说的是孤独给了她们一种纽带，故选择B项。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想也许孤独给了他们一种纽带，但关心彼此对他们的生活产生了很大的影响。A. difference不同；B. cntributin贡献；C. dnatin捐赠；D. cmmitment承诺。根据上文“Mm became 17 again.(妈妈又充满活力了)”可知，关心对他们的生活产生了很大的影响，故选择A项。
2.（2024·天津·一模）I was 17 years ld. Alng with a dzen ther bys I had made a lng trip t Iwa in rder t see a cllege that I was thinking f 21 . Nw I was there and I was feeling sad and 22 . I was missing my family and the Appalachian muntains f my hme. I lved 23 in the frests there. I lved hw the 24 turned a thusand shades f green in the spring and then became a sea f red, 25 and range in the fall. I lved the 26 f cuntless wild flwers that grew in ur meadws (草地). These things were a 27 f me.
Here in Iwa everything was 28 . The grass lked burnt and brwn. All that I culd smell was a 29 f crn, mud, and pigs. I walked utside the drmitry f the cllege and sat n a 30 . I clsed my eyes and 31 being back hme again. When I pened my eyes, hwever, I saw smething that 32 my sul. It was a beautiful sunset. Gld, red, purple and pink cluds all 33 tgether in a picture. It was s huge that it tk my breath away. It made ur muntain sunsets seem 34 by cmparisn. I 35 that I had been flish and judgmental (武断的). This place had its wn special beauty. This place t was a part f Gd’s 36 .
Over the years t cme I 37 smething else. Each f us has a special beauty 38 . Each f us has ur wn unique 39 and abilities. Each f us has a beautiful, pwerful lve that nly we can share. And Gd wants us t share it. May yur life always shine 40 .
21．A．skippingB．recmmendingC．attendingD．enjying
22．A．calmB．lnelyC．awakeD．hungry
23．A．perfrmingB．jumpingC．walkingD．shting
24．A．leavesB．insectsC．seedsD．water
25．A．blueB．blackC．whiteD．gld
26．A．sundB．smellC．strengthD．spirit
27．A．rleB．timeC．partD．path
28．A．excitingB．silentC．fullD．flat
29．A．mixtureB．memryC．nutritinD．distinctin
30．A．sfaB．plC．benchD．sil
31．A．believed inB．cared abutC．lked frD．dreamed f
32．A．tuchedB．ccupiedC．passedD．missed
33．A．happenedB．expldedC．flwedD．increased
34．A．richB．tinyC．ppularD．perfect
35．A．rememberedB．repliedC．realizedD．refused
36．A．creatinB．shadwC．regulatinD．terminal
37．A．watchedB．cnfirmedC．decidedD．learned
38．A．as wellB．as usualC．as a resultD．as a whle
39．A．respnsibilitiesB．hnrsC．talentsD．desires
40．A．clearlyB．brightlyC．blanklyD．suddenly
【答案】
21．C 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．B 27．C 28．D 29．A 30．C 31．D 32．A 33．C 34．B 35．C 36．A 37．D 38．A 39．C 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者离开家乡前往爱荷华州参观想上的大学的经历，起初他感到孤独和悲伤，怀念家人和家乡阿巴拉契亚山脉的美景，觉得新的环境非常平淡。然而，当作者欣赏到爱荷华州的美丽日落时，他意识到每个地方都有其独特之处。后来，他还意识到每个人都有自己独特的美丽与能力，以及一份只属于自己的美丽而强大的爱。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了看一所我想上的大学，我和其他十几个男孩长途跋涉到爱荷华州。A. skipping跳过；B. recmmending推荐；C. attending定期去（学校、教堂等）；D. enjying享受。根据上文“I was 17 years ld.”可知，作者17岁，是高中毕业的年纪，再结合上文“in rder t see a cllege that I was thinking f”可推知，他来到爱荷华州是为了看看自己想上的大学，attend a university表示“上大学”。故选C。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我在那里，我感到悲伤和孤独。A. calm平静的；B. lnely孤独的；C. awake醒着的；D. hungry饥饿的。根据下文“I was missing my family and the Appalachian muntains f my hme.”可知，作者想念自己的家人和家乡的阿巴拉契亚山脉，因此是感到悲伤和孤独。故选B。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢在那里的森林里散步。A. perfrming表演；B. jumping跳跃；C. walking散步；D. shting射击。根据下文“in the frests there”和“I lved hw the ____4____ turned a thusand shades f green in the spring and then became a sea f red, ____5____ and range in the fall.”可推知，作者喜欢的是在森林里散步，下一句具体描述了他在森林中散步时看到的景色。故选C。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢树叶在春天变成千姿百态的绿色，然后在秋天变成一片红色、金色和橙色的海洋。A. leaves叶子；B. insects昆虫；C. seeds种子；D. water水。根据下文“turned a thusand shades f green in the spring and then became a sea f red, ____5____ and range in the fall”可推知，作者描述的是森林中叶子的颜色随着季节变化。故选A。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢树叶在春天变成千姿百态的绿色，然后在秋天变成一片红色、金色和橙色的海洋。A. blue蓝色的；B. black黑色；C. white白色；D. gld金色。根据上文“a sea f red”和下文“and range in the fall”，并结合常识可知，秋天的时候叶子会变成一片红色、金色和橙色。故选D。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢草地上生长的无数野花的香味。A. sund声音；B. smell气味；C. strength力量；D. spirit精神。根据下文“f cuntless wild flwers”可推知，作者喜欢的是无数野花的香味。故选B。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些都是我的一部分。A. rle角色；B. time时间；C. part部分；D. path路径。根据上文描述的作者想念家乡阿巴拉契亚山脉中的那些美丽的事物可推知，这些事物已经成了作者的一部分。故选C。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在爱荷华，一切都很平淡。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. silent寂静的；C. full充满的；D. flat平淡的。根据上文描述的作者想念家乡阿巴拉契亚山脉中的那些美丽的事物，以及下文“The grass lked burnt and brwn. All that I culd smell was a ____9____ f crn, mud, and pigs.”可推知，作者是在把家乡和爱荷华州作比较，表示爱荷华很平淡，不如家乡丰富多彩。故选D。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我能闻到的只有玉米、泥土和猪的混合气味。A. mixture混合物；B. memry记忆；C. nutritin营养；D. distinctin区别。根据上文“smell”和下文“f crn, mud, and pigs”可推知，作者是闻到玉米、泥土和猪的混合气味。故选A。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我走出学院宿舍，坐在一张长凳上。A. sfa沙发；B. pl游泳池；C. bench长凳；D. sil土壤。根据上文“I walked utside the drmitry f the cllege and sat n”可推知，学院宿舍外面应该有长凳供人坐着休息。故选C。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我闭上眼睛，梦见自己又回到了家。A. believed in相信；B. cared abut关心；C. lked fr寻找；D. dreamed f梦到。根据上文“I was missing my family and the Appalachian muntains f my hme.”可知，作者想念自己的家人和家乡的阿巴拉契亚山脉，因此闭上眼睛是梦见自己又回到了家。故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我睁开眼睛时，我看到了触动我灵魂的东西。A. tuched触动；B. ccupied占用；C. passed通过；D. missed错过。根据下文“It was s huge that it tk my breath away.”可知，日落如此壮观，让作者无法呼吸，因此是看到了触动灵魂的东西。故选A。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：金色、红色、紫色和粉色的云彩流动在一起，形成一幅图画。A. happened发生；B. explded爆炸；C. flwed流动；D. increased增加。根据上文“It was a beautiful sunset.”可知，此处描述日落的美景，应该是这些各色的云彩流动在一起。故选C。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，我们山上的日落就显得微小了。A. rich富有的；B. tiny微小的；C. ppular受欢迎的；D. perfect完美的。根据上文“It was s huge that it tk my breath away.”可知，日落如此壮观，让作者无法呼吸，因此是把作者家乡山上的日落衬托得微小。故选B。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到自己太愚蠢，太武断。A. remembered记得；B. replied回答；C. realized意识到；D. refused拒绝。根据上文叙述的作者看到壮观的日落景象，被深深触动可推知，他在这时意识到自己太愚蠢，太武断。故选C。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个地方也是上帝创造的一部分。A. creatin创造；B. shadw阴影；C. regulatin规定；D. terminal终端。根据上文“This place had its wn special beauty.”可知，作者想到这个地方有它独特的美，因此是认为它也是上帝创造的一部分，表示它自有神奇之处。故选A。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几年里，我学到了别的东西。A. watched观看；B. cnfirmed确认；C. decided决定；D. learned学习。根据下文探讨的每个人都有自己独特的美丽与能力，以及一份只属于自己的美丽而强大的爱可推知，作者是学到了别的东西。故选D。
38．考查固定短语辨析。句意：我们每个人也都有自己独特的美。A. as well也；B. as usual像往常一样；C. as a result结果是；D. as a whle整体上。根据上文“smething else”可知，作者是在意识到爱荷华州有壮丽的日落，有其独特的美之后，从地方环境想到其他方面——人，认为每个人也都有自己独特的美。故选A。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们每个人都有自己独特的才能和能力。A. respnsibilities责任；B. hnrs荣誉；C. talents才能；D. desires欲望。根据下文“and abilities”可推知，talents“才能”符合语境，和abilities“能力”匹配，表示每个人都有自己独特的才能和能力。故选C。
40．考查副词词义辨析。句意：愿你的生活永远灿烂辉煌。A. clearly清楚地；B. brightly明亮地；C. blankly茫然地；D. suddenly突然地。根据上文“May yur life always shine”可推知，此处是表达祝愿，希望生活灿烂辉煌。故选B。
3.（2024·天津河北·一模）On a cl autumn day in Minnesta, hundreds f runners gathered at the starting line fr a challenging crss-cuntry race. Amng them was an athlete named Amelia Andersn wh became knwn fr her determinatin and 41 thrugh the events. When the race started, Amelia ran at a fast pace, pushing herself t the 42 . Hwever, fate had smething else 43 fr her that day.
As the race prgressed, Amelia, mre than tw-thirds f the way thrugh her 44 , nticed a fellw runner, Isabella Harris, suddenly cllapsing t the grund in pain. Withut a mment’s hesitatin, Amelia 45 Isabella and extended a helping hand, ffering t assist her in cmpleting the race.
As reprted by a lcal newspaper, Amelia tk Isabella’s arm, trying t supprt her in 46 frward. Recgnizing the severity f Isabella’s cnditin, Amelia 47 , allwing Isabella t climb nt her back. With 48 determinatin, Amelia nt nly carried her acrss the finish line but als an 49 300 feet t where Isabella culd receive much-needed 50 attentin.
Once there, Isabella was quickly 51 and subsequently transprted t a hspital, where she learned she had serius injuries in ne f her knees. It became 52 that withut Amelia’s timely interventin, Isabella wuld have 53 extreme pain t reach the aid checkpint n her wn.
After this extrardinary act f kindness twards Isabella, Amelia remained mdest. She was mre 54 abut why her act was cnsidered a big 55 . “She was just crying. I culdn’t 56 her.” Amelia humbly explained t a reprter, emphasizing that, in her eyes, she was merely ding what she believed t be the right thing.
In a wrld where cmpetitin is cmmn, Andersd’s kind act 57 as a pwerful reminder that the greatest victries are nt always abut 58 the finish line first, but rather abut helping and cnnecting with thers. This was beautifully exemplified (是……的典型) when Amelia and Isabella, 59 strangers, became clse friends thrugh their tugh experience. Althugh neither wn the race, the 60 f human kindness wn the day.
41．A．sympathyB．graceC．cncernD．indifference
42．A．edgeB．limitC．bundaryD．extent
43．A．at handB．in vainC．in streD．n duty
44．A．raceB．schlC．twnD．training
45．A．returnedB．apprachedC．agreedD．prmised
46．A．fallingB．walkingC．puttingD．leaning
47．A．went awayB．std upC．stepped asideD．bent dwn
48．A．firmB．delicateC．sftD．ambitius
49．A．traditinalB．prfessinalC．internatinalD．additinal
50．A．publicB．cnstantC．medicalD．equal
51．A．interruptedB．appreciatedC．identifiedD．assessed
52．A．bviusB．abstractC．cntrversialD．practical
53．A．fughtB．sufferedC．enjyedD．defended
54．A．wrriedB．ashamedC．cnfusedD．discuraged
55．A．gameB．prblemC．lessnD．deal
56．A．leaveB．cureC．btherD．understand
57．A．verlksB．absrbsC．fadesD．shines
58．A．crawlingB．crssingC．stayingD．standing
59．A．immediatelyB．finallyC．initiallyD．subsequently
60．A．secretB．benefitC．displayD．exchange
【答案】
41．A 42．B 43．C 44．A 45．B 46．B 47．D 48．A 49．D 50．C 51．D 52．A 53．B 54．C 55．D 56．A 57．D 58．B 59．C 60．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在明尼苏达州的一个凉爽的秋日，数百名选手聚集在起跑线上参加一场具有挑战性的越野比赛。运动员阿米莉亚在比赛中将膝盖受伤的伊莎贝拉背到终点就医，耽误了自己的比赛，但是她善良的行为得到人们的高度赞扬。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中有一位名叫阿米莉亚•安德森的运动员，她因在比赛中表现出的决心和同情心而闻名。A. sympathy同情；B. grace优雅；C. cncern担心；D. indifference不在乎。根据后文“Withut a mment's hesitatin, Amelia 5 Isabella and extended a helping hand, ffering t assist her in cmpleting the race.”可知，没有片刻犹豫，阿米莉亚走近伊莎贝拉，伸出援助之手，主动提出协助她完成比赛。说明她很同情伊莎贝拉，故答案为A。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：比赛开始时，阿米莉亚快速奔跑，将自己推向极限。A. edge边缘；B. limit极限；C. bundary界限；D. extent程度。根据句中“pushing herself t the”以及下文的“Hwever”可知，阿米莉亚快速奔跑，将自己推向极限。故答案为B。
43．考查介词短语辨析。句意：然而，那天命运对她另有安排。A.at hand即将来临；B.in vain徒劳无功；C.in stre就要出现在……身上；即将发生在……身上；D. n duty值班。根据句中“Hwever”可知，此处指命运对她另有安排。have sth. in stre (fr sb.) 是固定短语，意为“将要发生的”。故答案为C。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着比赛的进行，阿米莉亚在比赛进行到三分之二时，注意到另一名选手伊莎贝拉•哈里斯突然痛苦地倒在地上。A. race跑步，比赛；B. schl学校；C. twn城镇；D. training训练。根据第一自然段中的“hundreds f runners gathered at the starting line fr a challenging crss-cuntry race”以及空后“nticed a fellw runner”可知，阿米莉亚在比赛进行到三分之二时，注意到另一名选手伊莎贝拉•哈里斯突然痛苦地倒在地上。race意为“比赛”。故答案为A。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有片刻犹豫，阿米莉亚走近伊莎贝拉，伸出援助之手，主动提出协助她完成比赛。A. returned回来；B. apprached靠近；C. agreed同意；D. prmised许诺。根据空后“extended a helping hand, ffering t assist her in cmpleting the race.”可知，阿米莉亚主动提出协助她完成比赛，所以是走近伊莎贝拉。故答案为B。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，阿米莉亚挽着伊莎贝拉的胳膊，试图扶着她向前走。A. falling落下；B. walking散步，走；C. putting放置；D. leaning倚靠。根据常识和空前“As reprted by a lcal newspaper, Amelia tk Isabella's arm”可知，阿米莉亚挽着伊莎贝拉的胳膊，试图扶着她向前走。故答案为B。
47．考查动词短语辨析。句意：认识到伊莎贝拉病情的严重性，阿米莉亚弯下腰，让伊莎贝拉爬到她的背上。A. went away离开；B. std up站起来；C. stepped aside走向一边；D. bent dwn弯腰。根据下句“allwing Isabella t climb nt her back”可知，让伊莎贝拉爬到她的背上，说明她弯下了腰。故答案为D。
48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：凭借坚定的决心，阿米莉亚不仅带着她冲过了终点线，还多跑了300英尺，让伊莎贝拉获得了急需的医疗关注。A. firm坚定的；B. delicate精致的；C. sft柔软的；D. ambitius有野心的。根据下句“Amelia nt nly carried her acrss the finish line but als an 9 300 feet t where Isabella culd receive much-needed 10 attentin.”可知阿米莉亚不仅带着她冲过了终点线，还多跑了300英尺，让伊莎贝拉获得了急需的公众关注。说明她有坚定的决心。故答案为A。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. traditinal传统的；B. prfessinal专业的；C. internatinal国际的；D. additinal额外的。根据下文“t where Isabella culd receive much-needed 10 attentin”可知，阿米莉亚不仅带着她冲过了终点线，还多跑了300英尺，让伊莎贝拉获得了急需的医疗关注。故答案为D。
50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. public公开的；B. cnstant持续的；C. medical医学的；D. equal相等的。根据下文的“Once there, Isabella was quickly 11 and subsequently transprted t a hspital, where she learned she had serius injuries in ne f her knees.”可知，阿米莉亚带着受伤的伊莎贝拉获得了急需的医疗关注。medical 意为“医疗的”，故答案为C。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到达医院后，伊莎贝拉很快接受了评估，随后被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一只膝盖严重受伤。A. interrupted中断；B. appreciated欣赏；C. identified确认；D. assessed评估。根据空后“and subsequently transprted t a hspital”可知，随后被送往医院，说明医院的医生对她的身体进行了评估。故答案为D。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，如果没有阿米莉亚的及时干预，伊莎贝拉将承受极大的痛苦独自到达援助检查站。A. bvius明显的；B. abstract抽象的；C. cntrversial有争议的；D. practical可行的。根据下句“withut Amelia's timely interventin, Isabella wuld have 13 extreme pain t reach the aid checkpint n her wn.”可知，如果没有阿米莉亚的及时干预，伊莎贝拉将承受极大的痛苦独自到达援助检查站。说明这件事情是非常明显的。故答案为A。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. fught打架；B. suffered遭受；C. enjyed享受；D. defended保卫。根据空后“extreme pain t reach the aid checkpint n her wn”可知，伊莎贝拉将遭受极大的痛苦独自到达援助检查站。故答案为B。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件了不起的事。A. wrried担心的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. cnfused困惑的；D. discuraged气馁的。根据下文的why可知，此处应是表示对某事困惑不解，cnfused意为“困惑的”。故答案为C。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. game游戏；B. prblem问题；C. lessn课，教训；D. deal交易。根据下句“Amelia humbly explained t a reprter, emphasizing that, in her eyes, she was merely ding what she believed t be the right thing.”可知，阿米莉亚谦逊地向一名记者解释说，在她看来，她只是在做她认为正确的事情。与前文应该形成对比，让她疑惑的应是为什么这样一件事情会被人们认为是一件了不起的事。a big deal意为“重大的事情；重要的人物”。故答案为D。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bther打扰；D. understand理解。根据前文“As reprted by a lcal newspaper, Amelia tk Isabella's arm, trying t supprt her in 6 frward”可知，据当地一家报纸报道，阿米莉亚挽着伊莎贝拉的胳膊，试图扶着她向前走。说明阿米莉不想离开她。故答案为A。
57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个竞争普遍的世界里，安德森的善举有力地提醒人们，最伟大的胜利并不总是第一个闪亮冲过终点线，而是帮助和联系他人。A. verlks忽略；B. absrbs吸收；C. fades逐渐消失；D. shines发光。根据空后“as a pwerful reminder that the greatest victries are nt always abut 18 the finish line first”可知，安德森的善举有力地提醒人们，最伟大的胜利并不总是第一个闪亮冲过终点线，而是帮助和联系他人。shines意为“发光；闪耀”。故答案为D。
58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个竞争普遍的世界里，安德森的善举有力地提醒人们，最伟大的胜利并不总是第一个闪亮冲过终点线，而是帮助和联系他人。A. crawling爬；B. crssing穿过；C. staying停留；D. standing站起来。根据常识和空后“the finish line first”可知，最伟大的胜利并不总是第一个冲过终点线，而是帮助和联系他人。故答案为B。
59．考查副词词义辨析。句意：阿米莉亚和伊莎贝拉最初是陌生人，但经历了艰难的生活后成为了好朋友。A. immediately立刻；B. finally最后；C. initially最初地；D. subsequently随后地。根据空后“became clse friends thrugh their tugh experience”可知，阿米莉亚和伊莎贝拉最初是陌生人，但经历了艰难的生活后成为了好朋友。故答案为C。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然两人都没有赢得比赛，但人性的善良的体现赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；B. benefit好处；C. display展示，表现；D. exchange交换。根据空后“f human kindness wn the day”可知，人性的善良的体现赢得了胜利。display意为“展示，表现”，符合句意。故答案为C。
4. （2024·天津河东·一模）I was a new teacher, and I gave an hnest accunt f the students’ wrk. In Jasn’s case, the 61 were awfully lw. He culdn’t read his wn handwriting. 62 he was a bright student. He discussed adult subjects with nearly adult cmprehensin. His wrk in n way reflected his 63 .
S when Jasn’s mther entered the rm, my palms (手掌心) were sweating. I was cmpletely 64 fr her kisses n bth my cheeks. “I came t thank yu.” she said. surprising me beynd speech. 65 me, Jasn had becme a different persn. He talked f hw he 66 me, he had begun t make friends, and fr the first time in his twelve years, he had 67 spent an afternn at a friend’s huse. Jasn’s mther wanted t tell me hw grateful she was fr the 68 I had nurtured (培养) in her sn. She kissed me again and left.
I sat, stunned (惊呆) , fr abut half an hur, 69 what had just happened. Hw did I make such a life-changing difference t that by withut 70 knwing it? What I finally came t 71 was ne day, several mnths befre, when sme students were 72 reprts in the frnt f the class, Jeanne spke 73 , and t encurage her t raise her vice, I had said, “Speak up. Jasn is the expert n this. He is the 74 ne yu have t cnvince, and he can’t hear yu in the 75 f the rm.” That was it. Frm that day n, Jasn had sat up straighter, paid mre attentin, 76 mre, and became happy. And it was all because he 77 t be the last kid in the last rw. The by wh mst needed 78 was the ne wh tk the last seat that day.
It taught me the mst 79 lessn ver the years f my teaching career, and I’m thankful that it came 80 and psitively. A small kindness can indeed make a difference.
61．A．pricesB．wrksC．friendsD．grades
62．A．OrB．AndC．ButD．S
63．A．curageB．abilitiesC．feelingsD．dream
64．A．desperateB．respnsibleC．unpreparedD．unsuitable
65．A．Because fB．In spite fC．Apart frmD．As fr
66．A．lvedB．enviedC．pleasedD．criticized
67．A．graduallyB．cnstantlyC．recentlyD．bviusly
68．A．self-respectB．self-dubtC．self-pityD．self-defence
69．A．imaginingB．bservingC．wnderingD．regretting
70．A．alsB．evenC．alwaysD．still
71．A．expectB．rememberC．believeD．accept
72．A．writingB．reviewingC．editingD．giving
73．A．quietlyB．repeatedlyC．quicklyD．firmly
74．A．luckyB．lnelyC．nlyD．likely
75．A．entranceB．middleC．frntD．back
76．A．sleptB．smiledC．shutedD．quarreled
77．A．intendedB．pretendedC．refusedD．happened
78．A．changeB．praiseC．thanksD．visits
79．A．difficultB．painfulC．valuableD．enjyable
80．A．earlyB．slwlyC．frequentlyD．ccasinally
【答案】
61．D 62．C 63．B 64．C 65．A 66．A 67．C 68．A 69．C 70．B 71．B 72．D 73．A 74．C 75．D 76．B 77．D 78．B 79．C 80．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位新老师在其教学生涯中的一次深刻体验。作者不经意的一句表扬改变了孩子——杰森的人生。作者在文章的最后指出：小小的善举确实能够产生很大的影响。
61．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就杰森而言，他的分数非常低。A. prices价格；B. wrks工作；C. friends朋友；D. grades成绩等级。根据上文“I was a new teacher, and I gave an hnest accunt f the students’ wrk(我是一名新老师，我如实汇报了学生的作业情况)”可推理出，此处说的是杰森的作业得分情况，故选D项。
62．考查连词词义辨析。句意：但是他是一个很聪明的学生。A. Or或者；B. And并且；C. But但是；D. S因此。根据上文“He culdn’t read his wn handwriting(他连自己的字迹都认不出来)”以及下文“He discussed adult subjects with nearly adult cmprehensin(他以近乎成人的理解力讨论着成人话题)”可知上下文之间为转折关系，应使用表示转折关系的连词，故选C项。
63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的作业丝毫没有反映出他的能力。A. curage勇气；B. abilities能力；C. feelings感觉；D. dream梦想。根据上文“He culdn’t read his wn handwriting(他连自己的字迹都认不出来)”以及“He discussed adult subjects with nearly adult cmprehensin(他以近乎成人的理解力讨论着成人话题)”可推理出老师认为这名学生的作业并未反映出他的能力，故选B项。
64．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我完全没想到她会亲我的双颊。A. desperate孤注一掷的；B. respnsible有责任心的；C. unprepared没有准备的；D. unsuitable不合适的。根据上文“S when Jasn’s mther entered the rm, my palms(手掌心) were sweating(所以当杰森的妈妈走进房间时，我的手心直冒汗)”以及下文“kisses n bth my cheeks(亲我的双颊)”并结合杰森成绩不好的事实可推理出，此处说的是杰森的母亲吻作者的时候，作者完全没有准备，故选C项。
65．考查介词短语辨析。句意：因为我，杰森变成了一个不一样的人。A. Because f因为；B. In spite f尽管；C. Apart frm除……之外；D. As fr至于。根据上文“I came t thank yu.”可知，此处上下文说的是杰森的变化是因为作者，故选A项。
66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他谈到了他是多么爱我，他开始交朋友，最近他在朋友家度过了一个下午，这是他十二年来的第一次。A. lved爱；B. envied嫉妒；C. pleased使高兴；D. criticized批评。根据上文“Jasn had becme a different persn(杰森变成了一个不一样的人)”以及下文“he had begun t make friends(他开始交朋友)”可推理出杰森对作者持正面、积极的情感，分析选项，A项“lved爱”表达的含义符合语境，故选A项。
67．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. gradually逐渐地；B. cnstantly不断地；C. recently最近；D. bviusly明显地。根据下文“spent an afternn at a friend’s huse(在朋友家度过了一个下午)”可知下文说的是杰森的母亲讲述的最近发生的事情，故选C项。
68．考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰森的母亲想告诉我，她是多么感激我在她儿子身上培养的自尊。A. self-respect自尊；B. self-dubt自我疑惑；C. self-pity自怜；D. self-defence自卫。根据上文“Jasn’s mther wanted t tell me hw grateful she was(杰森的母亲想告诉我，她是多么感激我)”可推理出杰森的母亲感谢作者对杰森培养出的积极的品质，分析待选项，A项“self-respect自尊”表达的含义符合语境，故选A项。
69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我呆呆地坐了大约半个小时，心里琢磨着刚才到底发生了什么。A. imagining想象；B. bserving观察；C. wndering琢磨；D. regretting后悔。根据下文“Hw did I make such a life-changing difference t that by withut…knwing it?(我是如何在不知情的情况下对那个男孩做出如此改变人生的改变的？)”可知，作者在琢磨自己使那个男孩做出改变，但自己却不知道原因，故选C项。
70．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我是如何在甚至不知情的情况下对那个男孩做出如此改变人生的改变的？。A. als也；B. even甚至；C. always总是；D. still仍旧。根据上文“I make such a life-changing difference t that by(我对那个男孩做出如此改变人生的改变)”以及“withut knwing it(不知道)”可知出作者对自己对那个男孩产生了如此巨大的影响但却没有意识到这一点感到惊讶或困惑，空白处用来强调这种“连……都不知道”的惊讶感，分析选项，B项“even甚至”表达的含义符合语境，故选B项。
71．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我终于想起了几个月前的一天。当一些学生在教室前面做报告时，珍妮轻声说话，为了鼓励她提高声音，我说：“大声说吧。杰森是这方面的专家。”A. expect期望；B. remember记得，记起；C. believe相信；D. accept接受。根据下文“several mnths befre(几个月前)”可知下文说的是作者记起了几个月前发生的事，故选B项。
72．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. writing写；B. reviewing复习；C. editing编辑；D. giving给。根据下文“reprts in the frnt f the class(在全班面前……报告)”可推理出，此处说的是在全班面前作报告，give reprts为固定短语，含义为“作报告”，符合句意，故选D项。
73．考查副词词义辨析。句意同11小题。A. quietly轻声地；B. repeatedly反复地；C. quickly迅速地；D. firmly稳固地。根据下文“t encurage her t raise her vice(为了鼓励她提高声音)”可推理出她说话声音小，故选A项。
74．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他是唯一一个你需要说服的人，而他却在教室的后排听不到你说话。A. lucky幸运的；B. lnely孤独的；C. nly唯一的；D. likely可能的。根据上文“Jasn is the expert n this(杰森是这方面的专家)”以及下文“he can’t hear yu(他不能听见你)”可知这里强调的是一个唯一性，即没有其他人需要被说服，只有杰森，故选C项。
75．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. entrance入口；B. middle中间；C. frnt前面；D. back后面。根据上文“he can’t hear yu(他不能听见你)”以及下文“be the last kid in the last rw(在最后一排的最后一个孩子)”可推理出杰森距离说话的学生较远，且坐在后排，故选D项。
76．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，杰森坐得更直了，注意力更集中了，笑得也更多了，也变得更快乐了。A. slept睡觉；B. smiled微笑；C. shuted喊；D. quarreled争吵。根据下文“became happy(变得高兴了)”可知，杰森心情变好了，分析选项，B项“smiled微笑”表达的含义符合语境，故选B项。
77．考查动词词义辨析。句意：而这一切，都是因为他恰好是最后一排的最后一个孩子。A. intended打算；B. pretended假装；C. refused拒绝；D. happened碰巧。根据下文“The by wh mst needed… was the ne wh tk the last seat that day(最需要……的男孩是那天坐在最后一个座位上的那个)”可推理出杰森那天恰好是坐在最后一排的最后一个孩子，故选D项。
78．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最需要表扬的男孩是那天坐在最后一个座位上的那个。A. change变化；B. praise表扬；C. thanks感谢；D. visits访问。根据上文“Jasn is the expert n this(杰森是这方面的专家)”可推理出此处表示的是那个孩子需要表扬，故选B项。
79．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我多年的教学生涯中，它教会了我最宝贵的一课，我很感激它来得这么早，这么积极。A. difficult困难的；B. painful令人疼痛的；C. valuable宝贵的；D. enjyable有乐趣的。根据下文“I’m thankful(我很感激)”可推理出这件事对作者有很大的正向的影响，分析选项，C项“valuable宝贵的”表达的含义符合语境，故选C项。
80．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. early早；B. slwly缓慢地；C. frequently频繁地；D. ccasinally偶尔。根据上文“I was a new teacher(我是一个新老师)”可知这件事在作者刚成为老师的时候就出现了，分析选项，A项“early早”表达的含义符合语境，故选A项。
5.（2024·天津和平·一模）It was never a questin whether r nt my mther lved me. Hwever, I’m nt 81 abut my father’s lve. There are 82 f us laughing tgether, with me in diapers(尿不湿). Als I’ve watched recrdings f my lder sister and me 83 in turns fr my father t lift us int the air—all three f us scream with 84 . And when I search my wn childhd fr 85 f my father’s lve, there is ne impressive memry I can name.
At sme pint during my first year f schl, I peed(小便) my pants 86 . I was sent t the ffice fr a(n) 87 f clthes, and fr the rest f the day, I wre a pair f ver-large, bright range sweatpants. I 88 exactly hw the teacher and the ther students lked at me, but they were the least f my 89 .
I was in terrr 90 f shwing up at hme with different pants. All afternn I planned hw I wuld enter the huse and run t my rm 91 my father even nticed I was there. I rehearsed(默默练习) again and again 92 I had in mind that wuld allw me t 93 my father’s anger.
I carefully planned t avid his ntice, 94 at the frnt dr t check fr my father. When he yelled ut “Hell?”, I prmptly(迅速地) gt int the cat clset and hid there until my dad fund me in the 95 pants, and I had n chice but t tell him the truth.
Then my father did smething very kind but 96 . He reached ut fr me and gently patted my head; he tk the 97 pants and put them in the laundry and said it was Okay. And that was it! As I remember that mment, I want t scream thrugh the hallway f 98 : “That’s it! Lk! He lves yu!” I want t reach tward the little girl 99 dwn at her feet, wh is afraid t meet her father’s eyes. I want t raise her head t 100 her eyes and knw it is kay t be lved.
81．A．anxiusB．hpefulC．sureD．thrilled
82．A．phtgraphsB．questinsC．cmmentsD．cnditins
83．A．warming upB．breaking upC．checking upD．lining up
84．A．shckB．delightC．patienceD．curisity
85．A．sakeB．fearC．rightD．prf
86．A．in silenceB．in winterC．in classD．in bed
87．A．changeB．exchangeC．displayD．return
88．A．wnderB．rememberC．believeD．judge
89．A．challengesB．demandsC．errrsD．wrries
90．A．at the thughtB．by the meansC．t the endD．with the hpe
91．A．unlessB．sinceC．befreD．after
92．A．the jkeB．the perfrmanceC．the lessnD．the plan
93．A．aruseB．escapeC．ccupyD．shift
94．A．pausingB．stayingC．gatheringD．cnsidering
95．A．easy-gingB．ever-changingC．ill-fittingD．lng-standing
96．A．familiarB．impersnalC．remarkableD．unexpected
97．A．causalB．dirtyC．fancyD．unsptted
98．A．timeB．generatinC．schlD．histry
99．A．feelingB．lyingC．settlingD．staring
100．A．check utB．lift upC．lk intD．see thrugh
【答案】
81．C 82．A 83．D 84．B 85．D 86．C 87．A 88．B 89．D 90．A 91．C 92．D 93．B 94．A 95．C 96．D 97．B 98．A 99．D 100．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者对母亲的爱从未有疑问，但对父亲的爱却不太确定。记忆中有全家欢笑的画面，还有父亲轮流把作者和姐姐举高的场景。作者回忆起小时候在学校尿裤子的尴尬经历，担心回家后父亲会生气，结果父亲却温柔地安慰她，让她感受到了父爱。作者想告诉当初那个害怕被父亲责备的那个自己，她是被爱的，她可以勇敢地面对父亲的目光。
81．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我不确定我父亲的爱。A. anxius焦虑的；B. hpeful充满希望的；C. sure确定的；D. thrilled激动的。根据上文“It was never a questin whether r nt my mther lved me. Hwever”，可知，作者不确定父亲是否爱自己。故选C项。
82．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有我们一起笑的照片，我穿看尿布。A. phtgraphs照片；B. questins问题；C. cmments评论；D. cnditins条件。根据后文“Als I’ve watched recrdings f my lder sister and me ___3___ in turns fr my father t lift us int the air”中的recrdings可知，作者看过和姐姐她们一起笑的照片和其他记录着美好回忆的录像。故选A项。
83．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我还看了姐姐和我轮流排队等待父亲把我们举到空中的录像—我们三个人都高兴地尖叫。A. warming up热身；B. breaking up分手；C. checking up检查；D. lining up排队。根据句中“in turns fr my father t lift us int the air”可知，我们排着队轮流被父亲举到空中。故选D项。
84．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还看了姐姐和我轮流排队等待父亲把我们举到空中的录像—我们三个人都高兴地尖叫。A. shck震惊；B. delight高兴；C. patience耐心；D. curisity好奇心。根据句中“all three f us scream”可知，我们被父亲举到空中，高兴地尖叫。故选B项。
85．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在自己的童年里寻找父亲爱的证据时，有一段我能说出的令人印象深刻的记忆。A. sake缘故，利益；B. fear害怕；C. right权利；D. prf证据。根据前文“phtgraphs”和“recrdings”可知，作者不确定父亲的爱，在寻找父亲爱自己的证据。故选D项。
86．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：在我上学第一年的某个时候，我在课堂上尿裤子。A. in silence沉默地；B. in winter在冬天；C. in class在课上；D. in bed在床上，卧床。根据句中“during my first year f schl”可知，我在课上尿了裤子。故选C项。
87．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被送到办公室换衣服，当天剩下的时间里，我穿了一条超大号的亮橙色运动裤。A. change改变；B. exchange交换；C. display展示；D. return返回。根据前文“I peed（小便）my pants”可知，我尿了裤子，应该是去办公室换裤子。故选A项。
88．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我清楚地记得老师和其他学生是如何看着我的，但他们是我最不担心的。A. wnder好奇；B. remember记得；C. believe相信；D. judge判断。根据语意，作者尿了裤子，对此段经历印象深刻，清楚地记得老师和学生们如何看着自己。故选B项。
89．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我清楚地记得老师和其他学生是如何看着我的，但他们是我最不担心的。A. challenges挑战；B. demands需要；C. errrs错误；D. wrries担忧。根据后文“I was in terrr 10 f shwing up at hme with different pants.”可知，作者计划如何躲避父亲，最担心父亲会责备自己，老师和同学们的看法不是自己最担心的事。故选D项。
90．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：一想到穿着不同的裤子出现在家里，我就吓坏了。A.at the thught一想到；B. by the means通过手段；C. t the end到最后，到头；D. with the hpe带着希望。根据“I was in terrr 10 f shwing up at hme with different pants.”并结合句意，作者是一想到穿着不同的裤子出现在家里，我就吓坏了。“at the thught f”一想到……。故选A项。
91．考查连词词义辨析。句意：整个下午，我都在计划如何在父亲注意到我在那里之前进入房子并跑向我的房间。A. unless除非；B. since自从；C. befre在……之前；D. after在……之后。根据前文“I was in terrr 10 f shwing up at hme with different pants.”以及句意可知，作者害怕回到家中，计划在父亲看到她之前换掉裤子。故选C项。
92．考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：我一遍又一遍地排练我心中的计划，这将使我能够逃脱父亲的惯怒。A. the jke玩笑；B. the perfrmance这个表演；C. the lessn这堂课；D. the plan这个计划。根据后文“I carefully planned t avid his ntice”可知，作者计划在父亲看到她之前换掉裤子。故选D项。
93．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一遍又一遍地排练我心中的计划，这将使我能够逃脱父亲的愤怒。A. aruse唤醒；B. escape逃脱；C. ccupy占据；D. shift转变。根据后文“I carefully planned t avid his ntice”可知，作者计划在父亲看见自己之前换掉裤子来躲避父亲的愤怒。故选B项。
94．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我小心计划着避免他的注意，停在前门处查看是否有我父亲。A. pausing停顿；B. staying待着；C. gathering聚集；D. cnsidering考虑。根据本句中“at the frnt dr t check fr my father”可知，作者为了躲父亲，应该是停在门口来查看父亲在哪。故选A项。
95．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他大喊“你好?”时，我立即钻进衣帽间躲在那里，直到我爸爸发现我穿着不合身的裤子，我别无选择，只能告诉他真相。A. easy-ging容易相处的；B. ever-changing不断变化的，千变万化的；C. ill-fitting（大小或形状）不合适的；D. lng-standing悠久的，存在已久的。根据前文“I wre a pair f ver-large, bright range sweatpants”可知，衣服不合身。故选C项。
96．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，我父亲做了一件非常好但出乎意料的事。A. familiar熟悉的；B. impersnal客观的，不近人情的；C. remarkable显著的；D. unexpected出乎意料的。根据后文“He reached ut fr me and gently patted my head; he tk the 17 pants and put them in the laundry and said it was Okay.”可知，作者没有预料到父亲这样的反应。故选D项。
97．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他伸出手来，轻轻地拍了拍我的头，他把脏裤子放进洗衣房，说没关系。A. causal随意的；B. dirty脏的；C. fancy花哨的，昂贵的；D. unsptted没有斑点的，纯洁的。根据“I peed(小便) my pants”，父亲应该是把脏裤子扔进洗衣房。故选B项。
98．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我记得那一刻时，我想在时间的长廊里尖叫：“就这样！看！他爱你！”A. time时间；B. generatin一代；C. schl学校；D. histry历史。根据“As I remember that mment, I want t scream thrugh the hallway f 18 ”可知，应该是站在时间的长廊作者回忆之前与父亲的记忆。故选A项。
99．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想伸手去够那个低头盯着脚的小女孩，她害怕看到她父亲的眼睛。A. feeling感觉；B. lying躺；C. settling安顿下来；D. staring盯。根据本句中“dwn at her feet”可知，作者当时低头盯着自己的脚。故选D项。
100．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我想抬起她的头，让她抬起眼睛，知道被爱是可以的。A. check ut检查，退房；B. lift up抬起；C. lk int朝……里面看，考察，调查，研究，浏览；D. see thrugh看穿，看透。根据“I want t raise her head t 20 her eyes and knw it is kay t be lved.”可知，作者想抬起她的头，是想让她抬起她的眼睛。故选B项。
6.（2024上·天津河北·高三统考期末）In 2013, Alie Ward’s life was falling apart. In a matter f mnths, her relatinship with her partner ended, her dad was 181 with a rare frm f cancer, and she was als feeling a gap between the career she had chsen and the persn she wanted t be.
T distract herself frm her 182 , Ward liked t find and take 183 f bugs which she has lved since she was a little kid. Smetimes, if she fund a beetle r a bee that she particularly liked, she’d 184 it n Facebk. Thse psts attracted the 185 f a wman named Lila Higgins, wh studies 186 at the lcal natural histry museum. After seeing Ward’s pictures, Higgins 187 t Ward and invited her t g n a tur f the museum.
At that time Ward was emtinally fragile, and meeting smene new in that state made her nervus and teary. Hwever, her passin fr bugs utweighed her anxiety.
Upn Ward’s arrival at the museum, Higgins warmly 188 her and handed her a lab cat. She then led Ward thrugh varius 189 . “I remember she pened up this freezer, like, ‘Cme check this ut,’ and it was full f dead bugs,” Ward recalled. “Althugh lifeless, these samples held significance fr the natural histry museum, serving as evidence t nature’s diversity. I was als impressed by hw 190 Higgins was, which made me feel passinate abut the wrk fr the first time in a lng time,” Ward cntinued. Nticing Ward’s 191 , Higgins suggested she 192 at the museum fr a few hurs every week.
Despite her dubts, Ward decided t 193 Every Wednesday, she’d arrive at the museum. And with each vlunteer 194 , she felt a little bit better. “It gave me this sense f 195 . It helped me recnnect with my lve f 196 and nature that I’d always had,” Ward said.
Sn, Ward 197 her jb and started wrking in science media. She nw is the creatr and hst f a pdcast called Olgies. Ward had Higgins n the shw as her first 198 . “Smetimes I wnder what wuld have happened if I hadn’t taken her up n her 199 . What wuld my life have been like? It’s nt a nice thught. Wh wuld I be? Yu knw, Lila Higgins, in ne instant, 200 my whle life,” said Ward.
181．A．impressedB．chargedC．terrifiedD．diagnsed
182．A．dubtsB．injuriesC．trublesD．fears
183．A．samplesB．picturesC．ntesD．examples
184．A．pstB．shwC．deliverD．dnate
185．A．supprtB．criticismC．sympathyD．attentin
186．A．birdsB．plantsC．insectsD．humans
187．A．checked utB．reached utC．shwed ffD．called ff
188．A．greetedB．servedC．fllwedD．thanked
189．A．risksB．tripsC．hallsD．exhibits
190．A．cnfidentB．excitedC．wrriedD．upset
191．A．anxietyB．patienceC．enthusiasmD．disappintment
192．A．studyB．researchC．perfrmD．vlunteer
193．A．sign upB．set utC．settle inD．take ver
194．A．reprtB．evaluatinC．shiftD．recruitment
195．A．frictinB．purpseC．evlutinD．dubt
196．A．scienceB．philsphyC．bigraphyD．gegraphy
197．A．keptB．reslvedC．frgtD．quit
198．A．writerB．directrC．guestD．listener
199．A．prmiseB．fferC．challengeD．decisin
200．A．changedB．ruinedC．imitatedD．defined
【答案】
181．D 182．C 183．A 184．A 185．D 186．C 187．B 188．A 189．D 190．B 191．C 192．D 193．A 194．C 195．B 196．A 197．D 198．C 199．B 200．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Alie Ward的生活曾经十分不顺心，为了转移自己的注意力，她喜欢寻找昆虫并给它们拍照，还会发布到网上。结果这些照片被当地自然历史博物馆的昆虫学家看到了，邀请她去博物馆当志愿者。Ward最终也喜欢上了这份工作。
181．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，她和丈夫的关系结束了，她的父亲被诊断出患有一种罕见的癌症，她也感到自己选择的职业和自己想成为的人之间存在着差距。A. impressed使印象深刻；B. charged负责；C. terrified使害怕；D. diagnsed诊断。根据后文“with a rare frm f cancer”指被诊断患有癌症。故选D。
182．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了转移自己的注意力，沃德喜欢寻找并采集她从小就喜欢的虫子样本。A. dubts怀疑；B. injuries伤害；C. trubles麻烦；D. fears恐惧。上文提到沃德和丈夫的关系结束了，父亲也被诊断患有癌症，所以是面临一系列的麻烦，为了转移自己的注意力，沃德喜欢寻找并采集她从小就喜欢的虫子样本。故选C。
183．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了转移自己的注意力，沃德喜欢寻找并采集她从小就喜欢的虫子样本。A. samples样品；B. pictures图片；C. ntes笔记；D. examples例子。呼应后文“these samples”指昆虫样本。故选A。
184．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时，如果她发现一只自己特别喜欢的甲虫或蜜蜂，她会把它发布到Facebk上。A. pst发布；B. shw展示；C. deliver递送；D. dnate捐赠。根据后文“it n Facebk”指在网上发布内容应用动词pst。故选A。
185．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些帖子引起了一位名叫莱拉·希金斯的女士的注意，她在当地的自然历史博物馆研究昆虫。A. supprt支持；B. criticism批评；C. sympathy同情；D. attentin注意力。根据后文“f a wman named Lila Higgins”并结合莱拉邀请Alie去自己的实验室可知，这些帖子引起了一位名叫莱拉·希金斯的女士的注意，故选D。
186．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些帖子引起了一位名叫莱拉·希金斯的女士的注意，她在当地的自然历史博物馆研究昆虫。A. birds鸟；B. plants植物；C. insects昆虫；D. humans人类。根据后文“at the lcal natural histry museum”结合上文提到莱拉对网上昆虫的样本感兴趣可知，莱拉·希金斯在当地的自然历史博物馆研究昆虫。故选C。
187．考查动词短语辨析。句意：看到沃德的照片后，希金斯找到沃德，邀请她去参观博物馆。A. checked ut检查；B. reached ut伸出手；C. shwed ff炫耀；D. called ff取消。根据后文“t Ward and invited her t g n a tur f the museum”可知，在看到沃德的照片后，希金斯找到沃德，邀请她去参观博物馆。故选B。
188．考查动词词义辨析。句意：沃德一到博物馆，希金斯热情地迎接她，递给她一件实验服。A. greeted问候；B. served服务；C. fllwed跟随；D. thanked感谢。根据上文“Upn Ward’s arrival at the museum”指希金斯热情迎接了沃德。故选A。
189．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她领着沃德参观了各种展品。A. risks风险；B. trips旅行；C. halls大厅；D. exhibits展品，展览。呼应上文“invited her t g n a tur f the museum”此处指领着沃德参观了各种展品。故选D。
190．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：希金斯的兴奋也给我留下了深刻的印象，这让我很长时间以来第一次对这项工作充满激情。A. cnfident自信的；B. excited激动的；C. wrried担心的；D. upset沮丧的。根据后文“which made me feel passinate abut the wrk”可知能给沃德留下深刻印象，说明希金斯当时也很兴奋。故选B。
191．考查名词词义辨析。句意：注意到沃德的热情，希金斯建议她每周在博物馆做几个小时的志愿者。A. anxiety焦虑；B. patience耐心；C. enthusiasm热情；D. disappintment失望。根据上文“made me feel passinate abut the wrk”可知，沃德对这项工作充满热情。故选C。
192．考查名词词义辨析。句意：注意到沃德的热情，希金斯建议她每周在博物馆做几个小时的志愿者。A. study学习；B. research研究；C. perfrm表演；D. vlunteer志愿者。根据后文“And with each vlunteer”可知，希金斯建议她每周在博物馆做几个小时的志愿者。故选D。
193．考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管心存疑虑，沃德还是决定报名参加。A. sign up报名；B. set ut出发；C. settle in适应新环境；D. take ver接管。根据后文“Every Wednesday, she’d arrive at the museum.(每周三，她都会来到博物馆)”指沃德报名当志愿者。故选A。
194．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每轮班一次，她都会感觉好一点。A. reprt报告；B. evaluatin评估；C. shift轮班，转换；D. recruitment招募。根据上文“And with each vlunteer”以及“at the museum fr a few hurs every week”可知，此处指志愿者的轮班，故选C。
195．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它给了我一种使命感。A. frictin分歧；B. purpse目的；C. evlutin进化；D. dubt怀疑。根据后文“It helped me recnnect with my lve f”提到沃德感到重新找回了对科学和自然的热爱，说明当志愿者给了她使命感。故选B。
196．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它帮助我重新找回了我对科学和自然的热爱，这是我一直都有的。A. science科学；B. philsphy哲学；C. bigraphy传记；D. gegraphy地理。根据后文“and nature”以及昆虫博物馆是研究昆虫的地方，所以是对科学和自然的热爱。故选A。
197．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，沃德辞去了她的工作，开始在科学媒体工作。A. kept保持；B. reslved解决；C. frgt忘记；D. quit停止，辞职。根据后文“started wrking in science media”可知，沃德辞去了她的工作，开始在科学媒体工作。故选D。
198．考查名词词义辨析。句意：沃德邀请希金斯作为她的第一位嘉宾。A. writer作家；B. directr主任；C. guest客人，嘉宾；D. listener倾听者。根据上文“She nw is the creatr and hst f a pdcast called Olgies.(她现在是一个名为Olgies的播客的创造者和主持人)”指沃德邀请希金斯作为她的第一位嘉宾。故选C。
199．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时我在想，如果我没有接受她的提议，会发生什么。A. prmise承诺；B. ffer提议；C. challenge挑战；D. decisin决定。呼应上文“invited her t g n a tur f the museum”指当时希金斯邀请她去参观博物馆的提议，故选B。
200．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你知道，莱拉·希金斯在一瞬间改变了我的整个人生。A. changed改变；B. ruined毁灭；C. imitated仿效；D. defined下定义。根据上文可知正是因为莱拉·希金斯邀请沃德去参观博物馆，让沃德重新激发了对科学和自然的爱，从而改变了她的一生。故选A。
7.（2023上·天津·高三校考期中）After getting up early in the mrning, Guliayisham Memet rides her mtrcycle t the cmpany three kilmeters away frm where she lives, a small village in Xinjiang.
Many peple say she is a sunshine wman. Seeing her cheerful and 321 face, yu might find it hard t believe that she had 322 a burqa(罩袍), a kind f Islamic clthes that cver the entire bdy fr mre than 20 years. Fllwing her family traditins, Guliayisham Memet 323 went ut, with almst n cntact(联系) with the utside wrld.
The 324 pint came in July 2013, when she finally decided t 325 the burqa after she participated in an educatinal 326 started by the lcal gvernment. 327 learning that Guliayisham Memet was an expert in weaving carpets, the leaders f the prject sn helped her 328 a cmpany which sells traditinal carpets. Guliayisham Memet said, “I put all my 329 int my cmpany. I wrked hard every day. It was really 330 when I lked back. I am cntent with all f the present and feel s 331 nw, making a living 332 a great passin and with my wn hands.”
The cmpany nw has 58 female 333 wh make a living n their wn. “I decided t 334 the cmpany after I heard abut hw she made a frtune,” said Zumet Mehmut, ne f the wrkers in the cmpany. “I can make mney in the cmpany 335 taking gd care f my parents and children.”
Guliayisham Memet recalled hw the Party chief f Xinjiang 336 her t help mre wmen make a difference. “He was impressed with hw ur cmpany 337 in nearly tw years. His encuragement is a surce fr the develpment,” she said. “As we cme int mre incme, we are expecting t 338 mre wmen and increase the average salary,” she added with great 339 . “I hpe that with mdern technlgy and equipment, we can sell ur 340 t the wrld.”
321．A．sadB．seriusC．prettyD．energetic
322．A．inventedB．bughtC．wrnD．designed
323．A．neverB．seldmC．frequentlyD．unwillingly
324．A．turningB．prfessinalC．finalD．difficult
325．A．hand verB．sell ffC．take ffD．hide away
326．A．prjectB．purpseC．lessnD．rganizatin
327．A．ThughB．AfterC．UntilD．Unless
328．A．enterB．manageC．intrduceD．pen
329．A．emtinsB．knwledgeC．effrtsD．mney
330．A．mvingB．unbelievableC．impssibleD．funny
331．A．disappintedB．excitedC．nervusD．wnderful
332．A．withB．byC．includingD．frm
333．A．studentsB．wrkersC．managersD．directrs
334．A．jinB．visitC．wnD．supprt
335．A．untilB．becauseC．befreD．while
336．A．frcedB．requiredC．encuragedD．infrmed
337．A．disappearedB．achievedC．survivedD．develped
338．A．trainB．hireC．fireD．change
339．A．curisityB．patienceC．cnfidenceD．curage
340．A．prductsB．designC．skillsD．faith
【答案】
321．D 322．C 323．B 324．A 325．C 326．A 327．B 328．D 329．C 330．B 331．D 332．A 333．B 334．A 335．D 336．C 337．D 338．B 339．C 340．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了新疆传统女性Guliayisham Memet在政府的帮助下创建了销售传统地毯的公司，还帮助了其他女性就业。
321．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到她开朗而充满活力的脸，你可能会很难相信她穿着罩袍（一种覆盖全身的伊斯兰服装）已经有20多年了。A. sad悲伤的；B. serius严肃的；C. pretty漂亮的；D. energetic精力充沛的，充满活力的。根据and前的cheerful可知，空处所填词应与cheerful表达的情感态度一致，这里是说她开朗而充满活力的脸。故选D。
322．考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. invented发明；B. bught买；C. wrn穿，戴；D. designed设计。根据空后的“a burqa(罩袍), a kind f Islamic clthes that cver the entire bdy fr mre than 20 years”可知，她穿了20多年的罩袍。故选C。
323．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Guliayisham Memet遵循家族传统，很少出门，几乎不与外界接触。A. never从未；B. seldm很少；C. frequently 频繁地；D. unwillingly不愿意地。根据句中的“with almst n cntact(联系) with the utside wrld”可知，她几乎不和外界接触，所以她很少出门。故选B。
324．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：转折点出现在2013年7月，她在参加了当地政府启动的一个教育项目后，终于决定脱下罩袍。A. turning转折的；B. prfessinal专业的；C. final最后的；D. difficult困难的。根据空后的“pint”并结合上文中的“Fllwing her family traditins, Guliayisham Memet 3 went ut, with almst n cntact(联系) with the utside wrld.( Guliayisham Memet遵循家族传统，很少出门，几乎不与外界接触。)”和下文中的“the leaders f the prject sn helped her 8 a cmpany which sells traditinal carpets”可知，以前Guliayisham Memet几乎不和外界接触，是一位传统的新疆女性，后来在政府项目领导的帮助下成立了公司，这说明她遇到了转折点。turning pint意为“转折点”。故选A。
325．考查动词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A. hand ver移交；B. sell ff抛售；C. take ff脱下（衣服）；D. hide away藏起来。根据上文中的“she had 2 a burqa(罩袍), a kind f Islamic clthes that cver the entire bdy fr mre than 20 years”可知，她穿了20多年的罩袍，在参加了政府组织的一个教育项目后，决定脱下罩袍。故选C。
326．考查名词词义辨析。句意参考第4题。A. prject项目；B. purpse目的,意图；C. lessn课；D. rganizatin组织。根据下文中的“the prject”可知，这里是原词复现。故选A。
327．考查连词词义辨析。句意：在得知Guliayisham Memet是编织地毯的专家后，该项目的领导很快帮助她开了一家销售传统地毯的公司。A. Thugh尽管；B. After在……后；C. Until直到……为止；D. Unless除非。根据空后的“learning that Guliayisham Memet was an expert in weaving carpets”和句中的“the leaders f the prject sn helped her 8 a cmpany which sells traditinal carpets”可知，该项目的领导在得知了她擅长编织地毯后，帮助她创立公司，有时间上的先后顺序，所以这里应用after引导时间状语从句，且从句省略了主语。故选B。
328．考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. enter进入；B. manage勉力完成；C. intrduce介绍；D. pen打开，开张。根据空后的“a cmpany which sells traditinal carpets”可知，此处指帮她开立公司。故选D。
329．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对我的公司投入了所有的努力。A. emtins情感；B. knwledge知识；C. effrts努力；D. mney钱。根据下句“I wrked hard every day.(我每天努力工作。)”可知，她投入了所有努力。故选C。
330．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回首往事时，真的令人难以置信。A. mving动人的；B. unbelievable难以置信的；C. impssible不可能的；D. funny有趣的。根据空后的“when I lked back”并结合上文内容可知，她从一个传统的、身穿罩袍、几乎不与外界接触的女性转变成经营一家公司的女强人，当她回首往事时，她觉得难以置信。故选B。
331．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我满足于当下的一切，并感觉很美妙，用极大的激情和自己的双手谋生。A. disappinted失望的；B. excited兴奋的；C. nervus紧张的；D. wnderful绝妙的，令人高兴的，令人惊叹的。根据句中的“I am cntent with all f the present”可知，她对目前的生活很满意，所以感觉很美妙。故选D。
332．考查介词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. with带有，具有；B. by靠近，通过；C. including包括；D. frm来自。根据空后的“a great passin”可知，此处指带有极大的激情。故选A。
333．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该公司目前有58名女性员工，她们靠自己谋生。A. students学生；B. wrkers工人，员工；C. managers经理；D. directrs主任。根据下文中的“the wrkers in the cmpany”可知，这里是wrkers的原词复现。故选B。
334．考查动词词义辨析。句意：公司的一个员工Zumet Mehmut说：“听说她如何发了财后，我决定加入这个公司。”A. jin成为……的一员，加入；B. visit参观；C. wn拥有；D. supprt支持。根据空后的“the cmpany”和句中的“Zumet Mehmut, ne f the wrkers in the cmpany”可知，Zumet Mehmut加入了这家公司，成了公司一员。故选A。
335．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我可以在公司赚钱，同时照顾好父母和孩子。A. until直到……为止；B. because因为；C. befre在……以前；D. while当……的时候，在……期间。根据空前的“I can make mney in the cmpany”和空后的“taking gd care f my parents and children”可知，此处指在照顾父母和孩子的时候去公司赚钱，应用while引导时间状语从句，且从句中省略了主语。故选D。
336．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Guliayisham Memet回忆起新疆党委书记如何鼓励她帮助更多的妇女有所作为。A. frced迫使；B. required要求；C. encuraged鼓励；D. infrmed通知。根据空后的“her t help mre wmen make a difference”可知，新疆党委书记鼓励她帮助其他妇女。故选C。
337．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对我们公司近两年的发展状况印象深刻。A. disappeared消失；B. achieved实现；C. survived幸存；D. develped发展。根据下文中的“develpment”可知，此处指公司的发展。故选D。
338．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她满怀信心地补充道：“随着我们收入的增加，我们预计会雇更多的女性，并提高平均工资。”。A. train训练；B. hire雇用；C. fire开除；D. change改变。根据空后的“mre wmen”和上文中的“The cmpany nw has 58 female 13 ”可知，公司预计会雇用更多的女性。故选B。
339．考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. curisity好奇心；B. patience耐心；C. cnfidence自信心；D. curage勇气。根据她的话“As we cme int mre incme, we are expecting t 18 mre wmen and increase the average salary(随着我们收入的增加，我们预计会雇更多的女性，并提高平均工资)”可知，她对公司未来的发展前景充满信心。故选C。
340．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望有了现代技术和设备，我们可以把我们的产品销往世界。A. prducts产品；B. design设计；C. skills技巧；D. faith信任。根据上文中的“a cmpany which sells traditinal carpets”可知，这家公司是销售传统地毯的公司，地毯是公司的产品。故选A。
8.（2023上·天津南开·高三统考期中）The rigin f the Chinese New Year Festival can be traced back thusands f years. Accrding t ne f the mst famus legends (传说), in 341 China there lived a mnster named Year, wh lived deep at the 342 f the sea all the year rund and climbed up t the 343 nly n New Year’s Eve t eat the cattle and kill peple’s lives. Therefre, n the day f every New Year’s Eve peple frm all villages wuld flee (逃离) t the muntains s as t 344 the mnster f Year.
On the day f that New Year’s Eve the peple f Peach Blssm village were 345 their huses when there came frm utside the village an ld beggar (乞丐). Seized with 346 , the villagers were in a great hurry t run away and n ne was 347 the md t care fr the beggar.
Only a grandmther living in the east end f the village gave the ld man sme fd and advised him t 348 t the muntains t avid the Year mnster. But the ld man said with a smile, “If yu allw me t stay at yur hme fr the night, I’m sure t 349 away the mnster Year.” The ld wman was surprised t hear this. She went n t ‘persuade him t take flight. But he nly smiled withut 350 . Thereupn the grandmther culd nt help 351 leave her hme and flee t the muntains.
Arund midnight the mnster Year rushed int the village. He fund the huse f the grandmther in the east end f the village was brilliantly illuminated (照亮的), with bright red paper stuck n the drs: Greatly 352 , the mnster Year made a dash fr the huse. As he 353 the dr, there came all f a sudden the explding sunds f bang-bng. Trembling (颤抖) all ver, the mnster dared nt make a step 354 . And when the dr f the grandmther’s huse was thrwn pen and an ld man in a red rbe (袍服) burst ut laughing in the curtyard, the mnster Year was scared ut f his wits and ran away.
The next day when peple came back frm their hideuts and fund everything safe and 355 . The ld wman suddenly 356 what had happened and tld the villagers abut the ld beggar’s 357 . The villagers rushed int the grandmther’s huse, nly t find that the drs were stuck with red paper, the ember (余火) f a pile f bamb were still giving ut explding sund f bang-bng in the curtyard, and a few 358 were still shining in the rm.
Frm then n, n each New Year’s Eve, each family 359 n their drs antithetical cuplets (对联) written n red paper, blw up firecrackers, keep their huses brilliantly illuminated and stay up late int the night. These custms are spreading far and 360 and kept fr generatins. It becmes the mst ceremnius traditinal festival f the Chinese peple.
341．A．greatB．ancientC．uniqueD．traditinal
342．A．surfaceB．centreC．stageD．bttm
343．A．shreB．skyC．treesD．muntains
344．A．avidB．searchC．acceptD．lift
345．A．gatheringB．leavingC．decratingD．repairing
346．A．happinessB．srrwC．panicD．sickness
347．A．inB．withC．underD．n
348．A．hideB．fleeC．fllwD．beg
349．A．putB．breakC．takeD．drive
350．A．questinB．shameC．prejudiceD．reply
351．A．andB．rC．yetD．but
352．A．valuedB．disappintedC．shckedD．hnred
353．A．apprachedB．brkeC．knckedD．pened
354．A．frwardB．backwardC．upwardD．dwnward
355．A．healthyB．sundC．reliableD．strng
356．A．reflectedB．rememberedC．realizedD．thught
357．A．prmiseB．purpseC．requestD．sense
358．A．eyesB．candlesC．bwlsD．stars
359．A．stickB．strikeC．drawD．write
360．A．nearB．clseC．squareD．wide
【答案】
341．B 342．D 343．A 344．A 345．B 346．C 347．A 348．B 349．D 350．D 351．D 352．C 353．A 354．A 355．B 356．C 357．A 358．B 359．A 360．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国新年的起源和传说。
341．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：根据最著名的传说之一，在中国古代，有一个名叫“年”的怪兽，他一年四季都住在海底深处，只有在除夕夜才爬到岸上来吃牛，杀人。A. great伟大的；B. ancient古代的；C. unique独特的；D. traditinal传统的。根据“Accrding t ne f the mst famus legends (传说),”和常识可知，“年”的传说发生在中国古代。故选B。
342．考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据最著名的传说之一，在中国古代，有一个名叫“年”的怪兽，他一年四季都住在海底深处，只有在除夕夜才爬到岸上来吃牛，杀人。A. surface表面；B. centre中心；C. stage台阶；D. bttm底部。根据“and climbed up t the ___3___ nly n New Year’s Eve t eat the cattle and kill peple’s lives.”可知，叫“年”的怪兽住在海底深处。故选D。
343．考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据最著名的传说之一，在中国古代，有一个名叫“年”的怪兽，他一年四季都住在海底深处，只有在除夕夜才爬到岸上来吃牛，杀人。A. shre岸；滨；B. sky天空；C. trees树；D. muntains山。根据“wh lived deep at the ___2___ f the sea all the year rund”可知，叫“年”的怪兽只有在除夕夜才从海底爬到岸上。故选A。
344．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在每年除夕那天，所有村庄的人都会逃到山上，以避免“年”的怪兽。 A. avid避免；B. search寻找；C. accept接受；D. lift举起。根据“Therefre, n the day f every New Year’s Eve peple frm all villages wuld flee (逃离) t the muntains”可知，人们逃离的目的是避免“年兽”的伤害。故选A。
345．考查动词词义辨析。句意：除夕那天，桃花村的人正准备出门，村外来了一个老乞丐。A. gathering聚集；B. leaving离开；C. decrating装饰；D. repairing修理。根据“Therefre, n the day f every New Year’s Eve peple frm all villages wuld flee (逃离) t the muntains s as t ___4___ the mnster f Year.”可知，村里的人们准备离家出逃。故选B。
346．考查名词词义辨析。句意：村民们惊慌失措，急忙逃跑，没有人有心情照顾这个乞丐。A. happiness幸福；B. srrw悲伤；C. panic惊慌；D. sickness疾病。be seized with panic惊慌失措。根据“the villagers were in a great hurry t run away and n ne was ___7___ the md t care fr the beggar.”可知，村民们因为急于逃跑，所以惊慌失措。故选C。
347．考查介词词义辨析。句意：村民们惊慌失措，急忙逃跑，没有人有心情照顾这个乞丐。 A. in在……里面；B. with带有；C. under在……下面；D. n在……上面。be in the md t d sth.有心情做某事。根据“Seized with ___6___, the villagers were in a great hurry t run away”可知，村民们急于逃跑，所以没有人有心情照顾这个乞丐。故选A。
348．考查动词词义辨析。句意：只有一位住在村子东头的老奶奶给了老人一些食物，并劝他逃到山里去躲避“年”兽。 A. hide隐藏；B. flee逃离；C. fllw跟随；D. beg恳求。根据“Therefre, n the day f every New Year’s Eve peple frm all villages wuld flee (逃离) t the muntains s as t ___4___ the mnster f Year.”可知，老奶奶劝说老人和村民一样逃离村庄躲避“年兽”。故选B。
349．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但老人笑着说：“如果你允许我在你家过夜，我一定会赶走怪兽年。”A. put放；B. break打破；C. take带走；D. drive驱赶。drive away把……赶走。根据下文“As he ___13___ the dr, there came all f a sudden the explding sunds f bang-bng. Trembling (颤抖) all ver, the mnster dared nt make a step ___14___ . And when the dr f the grandmther’s huse was thrwn pen and an ld man in a red rbe (袍服) burst ut laughing in the curtyard, the mnster Year was scared ut f his wits and ran away.”可知，这位老人会驱赶“年兽”。故选D。
350．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他只是笑了笑，没有回答。A. questin问题；B. shame羞愧；C. prejudice偏见；D. reply答复。根据“She went n t ‘persuade him t take flight.”可知，老人并没有答复老奶奶的劝说。故选D。
351．考查连词词义辨析。句意：于是，奶奶忍不住离开家，逃到山里去了。A. and和；B. r或者；C. yet然而；D. but但是。culd nt help but d忍不住做某事。根据“leave her hme and flee t the muntains.”可知，老奶奶忍不住和村民一样也离家逃离到山里。故选D。
352．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他发现村头东头的奶奶家灯火通明，门上贴着鲜红的纸，年兽年大为震惊，朝房子冲了过去。A. valued宝贵的；B. disappinted失望的；C. shcked震惊的；D. hnred受尊敬的。根据“He fund the huse f the grandmther in the east end f the village was brilliantly illuminated (照亮的), with bright red paper stuck n the drs:”可知，年兽看到奶奶家灯火通明，非常震惊。故选C。
353．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他走近门口时，突然传来砰砰的爆炸声。 A. apprached靠近；B. brke打破；C. kncked撞；D. pened打开。根据“the mnster Year made a dash fr the huse.”可知，年兽走近老奶奶家门口。故选A。
354．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：怪兽浑身发抖，一步也不敢往前走。A. frward向前的；B. backward向后的；C. upward向上的；D. dwnward向下的。根据“Trembling (颤抖) all ver,”可知，年兽因为害怕不敢向前走。故选A。
355．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天，当人们从他们的藏身处回来，发现一切都安然无恙时。 A. healthy健康的；B. sund健康的；正常的；C. reliable依靠的；D. strng强壮的。safe and sund安全无恙。根据“And when the dr f the grandmther’s huse was thrwn pen and an ld man in a red rbe (袍服) burst ut laughing in the curtyard, the mnster Year was scared ut f his wits and ran away.”可知，年兽吓跑了，所以村庄安全无恙。故选B。
356．考查动词词义辨析。句意：老奶奶突然意识到发生了什么事，把老乞丐的诺言告诉了村民们。A. reflected反应；B. remembered记得；C. realized意识到；D. thught想。根据“what had happened and tld the villagers abut the ld beggar’s ___17___.”可知，老奶奶意识到村庄发生的事情。故选C。
357．考查名词词义辨析。句意：老妇人突然意识到发生了什么事，把老乞丐的诺言告诉了村民们。A. prmise许诺；B. purpse目的；C. request请求；D. sense感觉。根据“If yu allw me t stay at yur hme fr the night, I’m sure t ___9___ away the mnster Year.”可知，老奶奶告诉村民老乞丐的赶走年兽的诺言。故选A。
358．考查名词词义辨析。句意：村民们冲进外婆家，只见门上贴着红纸，院子里一堆竹子的余烬还在发出砰砰的爆炸声，房间里还点着几支蜡烛。 A. eyes眼睛；B. candles蜡烛；C. bwls碗；D. stars星星。根据“were still shining in the rm.”和常识可知，古代夜晚照明用蜡烛，所以屋子里蜡烛还亮着。故选B。
359．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，每年除夕，家家户户都要在门上贴红纸对联，放鞭炮，把房子装点得灯火通明，直到深夜。A. stick贴，粘；B. strike敲；C. draw画；D. write写。根据“n their drs antithetical cuplets (对联) written n red paper,”和常识可知，除夕时家家户户贴红色春联。故选A。
360．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些习俗流传甚广，代代相传。 A. near近的；B. clse亲近的；C. square正方形的；D. wide广阔的。far and wide广泛地。根据“and kept fr generatins.”可知，除夕贴红纸对联，放鞭炮等习俗广泛流传。故选D。
9.（2023上·天津北辰·高三天津市第四十七中学校考期中）I’ve been a prfessinal athletic trainer fr abut 16 years. And I’ve wrked with a range f athletes frm high schl students t thse f the 361 level.
Recently, as I’ve been seeing the vides f Kbe’s dunking (扣篮) and peple’s 362 n the remarkable legacy left behind by Kbe, I activated my Reddit accunt t 363 ne stry abut him.
I was nce invited t Las Vegas t help 364 Team USA fr the Lndn Olympics. This was my 365 with Kbe. At first, we had a brief cnversatin where he gt my 366 and I tld him that whenever he wanted additinal drills he culd call me up.
On the night befre the first scrimmage (分组对抗赛). I suddenly heard my cell ring. It turned ut t be Kbe. I nervusly 367 . He wndered if I culd help him with sme cnditining wrk. I 368 my clck — it was 4:15 am. I 369 .
When I arrived at the main practice rm, I saw Kbe being there alne, drenched (湿透的) in 370 as if he had just taken a swim. It wasn’t even 5 am. After ne hur’s practice, we entered the weight rm, where he did a series f exercises t imprve his 371 fr 45 minutes. After that, we 372 and he went back t the practice rm t 373 . I went back t the htel; I was 374 .
I was expected t be at the practice rm at abut 11 am. I wke up feeling 375 , and hurriedly headed there. This next part is what I remembered very 376 . On the right side was Kbe ding jump shts. Later, I realized Kbe didn’t even stp 377 while I was int my dreamland. It was n 378 that he had always been the mst 379 athlete in the league.
Many stries abut his 380 all became tgether and hit me like a train. Yes, Kbe Bryant may be gne, but his Mamba mentality lives n.
361．A．averageB．academicC．cnsistentD．prfessinal
362．A．influenceB．mercyC．reflectinD．cngratulatin
363．A．shareB．printC．readD．plish
364．A．rganizeB．trainC．interviewD．phtgraph
365．A．negtiatinB．cmpetitinC．interactinD．cnsultatin
366．A．addressB．accuntC．instructinD．number
367．A．turned upB．picked upC．caught upD．hung up
368．A．checkedB．wundC．fixedD．adjusted
369．A．admittedB．hesitatedC．agreedD．refused
370．A．sweatB．tearsC．rainD．bld
371．A．fcusB．speedC．strengthD．balance
372．A．repeatedB．partedC．changedD．returned
373．A．restB．assistC．defendD．sht
374．A．wrn utB．held backC．calmed dwnD．fllwed up
375．A．gratefulB．fearfulC．sleepyD．cnfident
376．A．vaguelyB．vividlyC．graduallyD．barely
377．A．practicingB．cmplainingC．callingD．searching
378．A．excuseB．caseC．reasnD．surprise
379．A．independentB．utstandingC．expensiveD．ptimistic
380．A．ambitinB．genersityC．cmmitmentD．leadership
【答案】
361．D 362．C 363．A 364．B 365．C 366．D 367．B 368．A 369．C 370．A 371．C 372．B 373．D 374．A 375．C 376．B 377．A 378．D 379．B 380．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了一位职业体育培训师与科比·布莱恩特的一次经历。在前往拉斯维加斯为美国队协助备战伦敦奥运会期间，科比在凌晨4点15分打电话找来这位体育培训师帮助他进行体能训练。他们在训练室和健身房里连续训练了数小时，科比表现出了极高的专注力和持续度，体现了“黑曼巴”精神。本文主要是对科比的个人品质和态度进行赞美和描述。
361．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我做了16年的专业运动教练。我和各种各样的运动员合作过，从高中生到专业水平的运动员。A. average平均的；B. academic学术的；C. cnsistent一致的；D. prfessinal专业的。根据前文的“I’ve been a prfessinal athletic trainer fr abut 16 years. And I’ve wrked with a range f athletes”可知，作者和各种各样的运动员合作过，从高中生到专业运动员。故选D。
362．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近，当我看到科比的扣篮视频和人们对科比留下的非凡遗产的反思时，我激活了我的Reddit账户，分享了一个关于他的故事。A. influence影响力；B. mercy怜悯；C. reflectin反思；D. cngratulatin祝贺。根据“n the remarkable legacy left behind by Kbe”可知，此处表示人们对科比留下的非凡遗产进行反思。故选C。
363．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. share分享；B. print打印；C. read阅读；D. plish擦亮，使完美。根据“ne stry abut him”可知，作者激活了自己的Reddit账户，分享了一个关于他的故事。故选A。
364．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我曾经被邀请到拉斯维加斯帮助训练美国队参加伦敦奥运会。A. rganize组织；B. train训练；C. interview面试；D. phtgraph拍照。根据前文“I’ve been a prfessinal athletic trainer”可知，作者本身是一名专业的运动员教练，故此处表示曾经作者被邀请到拉斯维加斯帮助训练美国队参加伦敦奥运会。故选B。
365．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是我和科比的互动。A. negtiatin谈判；B. cmpetitin竞争；C. interactin互动；D. cnsultatin咨询。根据后文“At first, we had a brief cnversatin”可知，作者和科比进行了简短的对话，这就是他们之间的互动。故选C。
366．考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我们进行了简短的交谈，他得到了我的电话号码，我告诉他，如果他需要额外的训练，他可以打电话给我。A. address地址；B. accunt帐户；C. instructin指示；D. number电话号码。根据“ I tld him that whenever he wanted additinal drills he culd call me up.”可知，他得到了作者的电话号码。故选D。
367．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我紧张地接起电话。A. turned up出现；B. picked up拾起；C. caught up赶上；D. hung up挂断。根据前文“I suddenly heard my cell ring”可知，作者的电话突然响了，此处表示作者紧张的接了电话。故选B。
368．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看了看表，是凌晨4:15。我同意了。A. checked检查；B. wund蜿蜒，缠绕，使受伤；C. fixed修理；D. adjusted调整。根据“my clck — it was 4:15 am.”可知，作者核实了下时间。故选A。
369．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. admitted承认；B. hesitated犹豫；C. agreed同意；D. refused拒绝。根据后文“When I arrived at the main practice rm”可知，作者同意去帮助科比做一些体能训练。故选C。
370．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我到达主练习室时，我看到科比独自一人站在那里，浑身是汗，好像刚游完泳。A. sweat汗水；B. tears眼泪；C. rain雨水；D. bld血液。根据“drenched”可知，科比独自一人站在那里，浑身是汗。故选A。
371．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过一个小时的练习，我们进入了举重室，在那里他用45分钟做了一系列的练习，以提高他的力量。A. fcus焦点；B. speed速度；C. strength力量；D. balance平衡。根据“he did a series f exercises”可知，科比做一系列的运动体能练习提高的是自己的力量。故选C。
372．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，我们分开了，他回到练习室去投篮。我回到旅馆；我累坏了。A. repeated重复的；B. parted分开的；C. changed改变的；D. returned返回的。根据后文“he went back t the practice rm t ____13____ . I went back t the htel”可知，在作者协助科比做完一系列体能训练后，二人分开了。故选B。
373．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. rest休息；B. assist协助；C. defend防守；D. sht射击，投篮。根据“he went back t the practice rm”可知，科比继续回到练习室进行练习投篮。故选D。
374．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. wrn ut筋疲力尽的；B. held back阻止；C. calmed dwn镇定下来；D. fllwed up后续。根据前文的“It wasn’t even 5 am. After ne hur’s practice,”可知，已经是凌晨了，作者和科比分开后回到酒店休息，是因为作者已经筋疲力尽了。故选A。
375．考查词义辨析。句意：我睡醒了，觉得很困，赶紧去了那里。A. grateful感激的；B. fearful害怕的；C. sleepy瞌睡的；D. cnfident自信的。根据“I was expected t be at the practice rm at abut 11 am. I wke up”可知，作者在早晨的时候才回到酒店休息，然后11点又赶到了科比那里，因此作者感觉很困。故选C。
376．考查副词词义辨析。句意：接下来的部分我记得非常清楚。A. vaguely模糊地；B. vividly生动地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. barely仅仅地。根据“On the right side was Kbe ding jump shts.”可知，作者对于接下来发生的事情描述的非常详细，因此作者清楚地记得发生的事情。故选B。
377．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我意识到科比甚至在我进入梦乡的时候都没有停止练习。毫无疑问，他一直是联盟中最杰出的运动员。A. practicing练习；B. cmplaining抱怨；C. calling打电话；D. searching搜寻。根据“Kbe didn’t even stp”可知，在作者回酒店休息的时候，科比根本没有停止训练。故选A。
378．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. excuse借口；B. case情况；C. reasn理由；D. surprise惊喜。根据前文“I realized Kbe didn’t even stp ____17____ while I was int my dreamland.”以及后文“he had always been the mst ____19____ athlete in the league.”可知，科比在作者休息的时候，自己依旧在练习，同时即使作者醒来后已经再次回到训练室的时候，科比依旧在练习，因此科比一直是联盟中最杰出的运动员，这不足为奇。故选D。
379．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. independent独立的；B. utstanding杰出的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. ptimistic乐观的。根据“athlete in the league.”可知，此处指作者感叹科比毫无疑问是联盟中最杰出的运动员。故选B。
380．考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多关于他奉献精神的故事，都汇聚在一起，像火车一样撞击着我。A. ambitin野心；B. genersity慷慨；C. cmmitment承诺，投入；D. leadership 领导能力。前文作者描述了科比全情投入训练的过程，讲述的是科比关于篮球的投入精神，故此处表示许多关于科比奉献精神的故事，都汇聚在一起，像火车一样撞击着作者，对作者产生深远的影响。故选C。
10.（2023上·天津南开·高三统考期末）Talking abut Beijing Opera, we cannt frget t mentin ne f its greatest perfrmers: Mei Lanfang, a brilliant artist wh played an imprtant rle in bringing Beijing Opera t the wrld. Mei Lanfang was brn in Beijing in 1894. He started t learn the 241 f Beijing Opera at the age f eight and made his n-stage debut (首次登台) at age eleven. Mei Lanfang wrked hard t learn as much as pssible frm the great artists and 242 f Beijing Opera, and by the age f 20, he had becme a(n) 243 actr in Beijing Opera’s dan rle (角).
Mei Lanfang quickly became well-knwn amng Chinese audiences 244 his acting skill. Mei Lanfang’s skill pened drs fr him t becme friends with peple frm all ver the wrld, as he ften 245 guests frm ther cuntries wh wanted t meet the yung actr. As Mei Lanfang 246 t knw ambassadrs (大使), Eurpean ryal families, and celebrities frm 247 , he 248 bring his belved Beijing Opera t the rest f the wrld, s that even mre peple frm ther cuntries might understand and 249 the beauty f Chinese culture and art.
And s, in 1919, Mei Lanfang began t travel abrad, 250 perfrmances in Japan and the Sviet Unin (苏联). His 251 were a great success; audiences were fascinated by this 252 pera frm the Orient (东方). One f Mei Lanfang’s greatest 253 was t visit the United States, and after cight years f 254 , he and his pera grup finally brught Beijing Opera t the USA．
Mei Lanfang 255 his whle life t the art f Beijing Opera. He 256 sught t imprve his wn artistry, creating many unfrgettable and beautiful 257 fr the stage. His style became knwn as the “Mei Lanfang schl (梅派)”, a(n) 258 graceful style, and is still ne f the mst ppular styles f Beijing Opera tday.
Mei Lanfang died in 1961 f heart disease. During his mre than 50 years n the stage, Mei Lanfang tk traditins frm the past and 259 the best parts t create new and enrich ld frms f Beijing Opera. Althugh this great pera master has nw jined the heres f histry, he 260 a legacy f cultural wealth fr his peple and fr all future generatins.
241．A．nameB．histryC．artD．traditin
242．A．celebritiesB．mastersC．fansD．audiences
243．A．assistantB．amateurC．supprtingD．leading
244．A．frB．asC．withD．by
245．A．entertainedB．avidedC．fledD．gathered
246．A．neededB．wantedC．gtD．learned
247．A．heartB．abradC．wrldD．cmmunity
248．A．came tB．agreed tC．gt dwn tD．lnged t
249．A．maintainB．plishC．identifyD．appreciate
250．A．shwingB．takingC．givingD．playing
251．A．tursB．famesC．refrmsD．rutines
252．A．valuedB．elegantC．penedD．hnred
253．A．apprachesB．respnsesC．galsD．shames
254．A．dreamsB．cntrlsC．attemptsD．trades
255．A．sacrificedB．brughtC．riskedD．devted
256．A．ultimatelyB．mstlyC．abslutelyD．cnstantly
257．A．charactersB．experiencesC．starsD．lives
258．A．merelyB．uniquelyC．entirelyD．barely
259．A．adaptedB．desertedC．drewD．declined
260．A．brught utB．left behindC．gave utD．filled up
【答案】
241．C 242．B 243．D 244．A 245．A 246．C 247．B 248．D 249．D 250．C 251．A 252．B 253．C 254．C 255．D 256．D 257．A 258．B 259．A 260．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是梅兰芳的生平及突出贡献。
241．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他8岁开始学习京剧艺术，11岁首次登台演出。A. name名字；B. histry历史；C. art艺术；D. traditin传统。根据下文“Beijing Opera”可知，京剧是一门艺术，倒数第二段“the art f Beijing Opera”也是提示。故选C。
242．考查名词词义辨析。句意：梅兰芳努力学习，尽可能多地向伟大的京剧艺术家和大师学习，到20岁时，他已经成为了京剧中担子的主角。A. celebrities名人；B. masters大师；C. fans粉丝，狂热爱好者；D. audiences观众。根据上文“learn as much as pssible frm the great artists and”可知，他肯定是向伟大的京剧艺术家和大师学习，空格处意为“大师”。故选B。
243．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：梅兰芳努力学习，尽可能多地向伟大的京剧艺术家和大师学习，到20岁时，他已经成为了京剧中担子的主角。A. assistant助理的；B. amateur业余的；C. supprting支持的；D. leading主要的。根据下文“actr in Beijing Opera’s dan rle”和客观事实可知，到20岁时，他已经成为了京剧中担子的主角，空格处意为“主要的”。故选D。
244．考查介词词义辨析。句意：梅兰芳因其演技迅速在中国观众中成名。A. fr因为；B. as作为；C. with和；D. by被。根据上文“became well-knwn”和下文“his acting skill”可知，梅兰芳因其演技迅速在中国观众中成名，be well-knwn fr意为“因……而闻名”，因此空格处是介词fr，故选A。
245．考查动词词义辨析。句意：梅兰芳的技巧为他打开了与世界各地的人成为朋友的大门，因为他经常招待来自其他国家的客人，他们想见见这位年轻的演员。A. entertained招待；B. avided避免；C. fled愚弄；D. gathered集中。根据上文“becme friends with peple frm all ver the wrld”可知，他与世界各地的人成为朋友，因此是招待来自其他国家的客人。故选A。
246．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。A. needed需要；B. wanted想要；C. gt得到；D. learned学习。根据下文“bring his belved Beijing Opera t the rest f the wrld”可知，随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，get t knw意为“逐渐认识”。故选C。
247．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。A. heart心；B. abrad外国；C. wrld世界；D. cmmunity社区。根据上文“ambassadrs (大使), Eurpean ryal families, and celebrities”和下文“bring his belved Beijing Opera t the rest f the wrld”可知，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。故选B。
248．考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。A. came t来到；B. agreed t同意；C. gt dwn t开始认真对待；D. lnged t渴望。根据下文“bring his belved Beijing Opera t the rest f the wrld”可知，把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，这是他渴望做的。故选D。
249．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。A. maintain保持；B. plish擦亮；C. identify鉴别；D. appreciate欣赏。根据下文“the beauty f Chinese culture and art”可知，此处表示欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。故选D。
250．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，1919年，梅兰芳开始出国旅行，在日本和苏联演出。A. shwing展示；B. taking拿走；C. giving给；D. playing弹奏。根据下文“perfrmances in Japan and the Sviet Unin”和客观事实可知，梅兰芳在日本和苏联演出，give perfrmances意为“表演”。故选C。
251．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的旅行非常成功。A. turs旅行；B. fames名声；C. refrms改革；D. rutines常规，惯例。根据上文“travel abrad”可知，他出国旅游，他的旅行是非常成功的。故选A。
252．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：观众被这部来自东方的高雅歌剧迷住了。A. valued重要的；B. elegant高雅的；C. pened开的；D. hnred光荣的。根据下文“pera frm the Orient”可知，此处表示来自东方的高雅歌剧。故选B。
253．考查名词词义辨析。句意：梅兰芳最大的目标之一就是去美国，经过八年的努力，他和他的剧团终于把京剧带到了美国。A. appraches方法；B. respnses回答；C. gals目标；D. shames羞耻。根据下文“visit the United States”可知，去美国是他的目标。故选C。
254．考查名词词义辨析。句意：梅兰芳最大的目标之一就是去美国，经过八年的努力，他和他的剧团终于把京剧带到了美国。A. dreams梦想；B. cntrls控制；C. attempts努力；D. trades贸易。根据上文“after cight years f”和下文“he and his pera grup finally brught Beijing Opera t the USA”可知，在努力了八年后他和他的剧团终于把京剧带到了美国。故选C。
255．考查动词词义辨析。句意：梅兰芳把他的一生献给了京剧艺术。A. sacrificed牺牲；B. brught带来；C. risked冒险；D. devted奉献。根据下文“his whle life t the art f Beijing Opera”可知，梅兰芳把他的一生献给了京剧艺术。故选D。
256．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他不断试图提高自己的艺术水平，为舞台创造了许多令人难忘和美丽的人物。A. ultimately最终；B. mstly多半，主要地；C. abslutely绝对地，完全地；D. cnstantly不断地。根据下文“imprve his wn artistry”可知，他不断努力提高自己的艺术水平。故选D。
257．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不断试图提高自己的艺术水平，为舞台创造了许多令人难忘和美丽的人物。A. characters人物角色；B. experiences经历；C. stars星星；D. lives生命。根据上文“creating many unfrgettable and beautiful”和下文“fr the stage”可知，他创造了舞台上许多令人难忘和美丽的人物。故选A。
258．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的风格被称为“梅兰芳派”，一种独特的优雅风格，至今仍是最受欢迎的京剧风格之一。A. merely仅仅；B. uniquely独特地；C. entirely完全；D. barely几乎不。根据上文“graceful style”可知，“梅兰芳派”是一种独特的优雅风格，空格处意为“独特地”。故选B。
259．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他50多年的舞台生涯中，梅兰芳继承了过去的传统，并改编了最好的部分，创造了新的部分，丰富了旧的京剧形式。A. adapted改编；B. deserted抛弃；C. drew拉；D. declined拒绝。根据上文“t create new and enrich ld frms f Beijing Opera”可知，他改编了最好的部分，创造了新的部分，丰富了旧的京剧形式。故选A。
260．考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管这位伟大的歌剧大师如今已跻身历史英雄之列，但他为他的人民和子孙后代留下了一笔文化财富。A. brught ut使显现；B. left behind留下；C. gave ut分发；D. filled up加满。根据下文“a legacy f cultural wealth fr his peple and fr all future generatins”可知，他为后代留下了一笔文化财富。故选B。