Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 3.语法帮 （同步课件）外研版八年级英语下册

被动语态（2） 一般过去时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去，且主语是动作的承受者。考向1 一般过去时的被动语态的构成 一般过去时的被动语态由“主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词（+by+动作执行者）”构成。 The mobile phone has greatly influenced people’s life since it was invented. 手机自发明以来极大地影响了人 们的生活。 These books were written for children. 这些书是写给儿 童的。考向2 一般过去时的被动语态的句式考向3 使用被动语态时的注意事项 含有动词短语的主动结构变被动结构时，不要漏掉短语中的介词或副词。 We handed in our homework last Friday. 上周五我们上 交了家庭作业。 →Our homework was handed in last Friday (by us).#1.1.1 在含有使役动词make或感官动词（see、watch、notice、hear等）的主动语态的句子中，这些词后常跟省略to的动词不定式，但改为被动语态时要把省去的to还原。 I saw him cross the road and enter the shop. 我看到他穿过马路走进了商店。 →He was seen to cross the road and enter the shop (by me).#2.1.1 接双宾语的动词变为被动语态时，若直接宾语（物）作被动句的主语，则间接宾语（人）前要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定的。 My mother gave me a pen. 妈妈送给我一支钢笔。 →I was given a pen by my mother. →A pen was given to me by my mother.#3.1.2 含不定式作宾语补足语的句子变为被动语态时，宾语补足语变为主语补足语，且位置不变。 His parents allowed him to go to the party. 他的父母允 许他去参加聚会。 →He was allowed to go to the party by his parents.#4.1.1