人教版（2024）英语八年级下册 Unit 6 Crossing Cultures Section A 核心单词，短语，句式（课件）

讲课人：时间：202X.Section A探究一 核心单词Unit 6 Crossing Cultures1 shake /ʃeɪk/ v. (shook/ʃʊk/, shaken/'ʃeɪkən/)与(某人)握手；摇动(教材P52)· Please shake the bottle before you drink the juice in it. 喝里面的果汁以前请摇动一下瓶子。· The leaves shake in the wind. 树叶在风中摇动。· In China, it’s normal to shake hands when friends meet.在中国，当朋友们见面时握手是很正常的。· She only gave us a shake of her head.她只是冲我们摇了摇头。· How do you make a banana shake?你如何制作香蕉奶昔？shake 的一词多义：(1)v. 摇动；抖动；(使)颤动(2)vt. 握手 (3)[C] n. 摇动；摇晃 (4)[C] n. 奶昔常见用法：shake hands (with sb.)(和某人)握手2 kiss /kɪs/ v. 亲吻 n. 吻(教材P52)· Do people in Britain kiss when they meet?英国人见面时亲吻吗？· She kissed her grandma on the cheek to show her love.她亲吻奶奶的脸颊表达爱意。· The little girl kissed her mother good night.这个小女孩亲了亲她的妈妈祝她晚安。· Give me a kiss, my dear son. 吻我一下，亲爱的儿子。kiss既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词，意为“亲吻”；作可数名词，意为“吻”。常见搭配：(1)kiss sb. (on + 身体部位名词) 亲吻某人(的某个部位)(2)kiss sb. + 名词 向某人亲吻(晚安、道别等)(3)give sb. a k iss 给某人一个吻3 hug /hʌɡ/ v. & n. 拥抱(教材P52)· She hugged her mother tightly.她紧紧地拥抱了她的母亲。· I’ll give you a tight hug when I see you.见到你时，我会给你一个紧紧的拥抱。· The little girl got a big hug from her mum when she came back home with good grades. 小女孩拿着好成绩回家时，从妈妈那里得到了一个大大的拥抱。· At the end of the ceremony, the two leaders embraced each other warmly. 仪式结束时，两位领导人热情地拥抱了彼此。hug 的一词多义：(1) 作及物动词，“紧抱；拥抱”。常见用法：hug + sb./sth. (tightly/close) (紧紧地)拥抱某人/ 某物(2) 作可数名词，“拥抱”。常见用法：give sb. a ( big/tight) hug 给某人一个(大大的/ 紧紧的)拥抱；get/receive a hug from sb. 从某人那里得到一个拥抱近义词：embrace v. 拥抱4 uncommon /ʌn'kɒmən/ adj. 罕见的；不寻常的(教材P53)· It’s uncommon to see a rainbow in winter!冬天看到彩虹很不寻常！· Finding a four-leaf clover is uncommon—it’s said to bring luck!发现四叶草是罕见的，据说能带来好运！· It is common for the Chinese people to get together at the Spring Festival. 中国人在春节团聚是很常见的。· People’s Weekly has put Wang Yong on its cover, presenting the courage and hard work of common people. 汪勇已经登上了《人民周刊》的封面, 展现了普通人的勇气和辛勤劳动。· Oliver and his father have common interests. They both like playing chess. 奥利弗和他的父亲有共同的爱好，他们都喜欢下棋。uncommon 作形容词，意为“罕见的；不寻常的”，由“un-(否定前缀)+ common(adj. 常见的；普通的；共有的)”构成。It is (un)common (for sb.) to do sth. 做某事(对某人来说)是(不)常见的。5 Indian /'ɪndiən/ adj. 印度的; 印度人的 n. 印度人(教材P53)· We watched an Indian dance show at school.我们在学校看了一场印度舞蹈表演。· There are over a billion Indians in the world.世界上有超过十亿印度人。· India is a big country with a lot of people.印度是一个人口众多的大国。· Chinese people use chopsticks. 中国人用筷子。Indian 既可作形容词，意为“印度(人) 的”，也可作名词，意为“印度人”。India 作名词，意为“印度”。常见的同类词还有：6 manner /'mænə(r)/ n. 方式; (pl. manners) 礼仪(教材P54)· He greeted us in a warm manner. 他热情地迎接了我们。· It is bad manners to talk with your mouth full.嘴里塞满了东西跟人说话是不礼貌的。· Good table manners include not speaking with your mouth full.良好的餐桌礼仪包括不在嘴里塞满食物时说话。· His manner was polite but cool. 他举止彬彬有礼而又冷漠。manner 的一词多义：(1)“ 方式；方法”(= way)，指做事情的具体手段、形式。常见搭配：in a... manner(=in a...way)用……方式(2)“ 礼貌；礼仪”(常用复数 manners)，指社会公认的行为规范。常见搭配：good/bad manners 有礼貌/ 没礼貌；table manners 餐桌礼仪(3)“ 举止；态度”，侧重人的行为表现、外在风格。7 unless /ən'les/ conj. 除非; 如果不(教材P54)· You’ll miss the bus unless you hurry. = You’ll miss the bus if you don’t hurry. 如果你不快点，就会错过公交车。· I would go to the party unless I had too much homework.要是我作业不多，我就会去派对。· Listen carefully unless you want to make mistakes.仔细听，除非你想犯错。unless conj. 除非；如果不(= if...not)，用于引导条件状语从句，强调“某条件不满足时，会产生相反结果”。用法：(1)主句(一般将来时)+ unless + 从句(一般现在时表将来)(2) 主句(would + 动词原形)+ unless + 从句(一般过去时表虚拟/ 假设)，用于与现在事实相反的假设。(3)unless + 完成时(强调条件未满足的后果)(4)祈使句+ unless + 从句(常用于建议或警告)详细讲解见本单元P230“单元语法沙龙”！8 proper /'prɒpə(r)/ adj. 恰当的；正确的(教材P54)· You should use proper tools to fix the bike.你应该用合适的工具修自行车。· Arrange these words in proper order.把这些单词按正确顺序排列。· She is the proper person for this job.她是这份工作的合适人选。· It’s not proper to shout in the library. 在图书馆大喊大叫不合适。· She didn’t behave properly at the party. 她在派对上举止不当。proper adj. 恰当的；正确的；合适的。常见用法：be proper to do sth. 做某事是恰当的近义词：right adj. 正确的；suitable adj. 合适的相关词形：properly adv. 恰当地9 cultural /'kʌltʃərəl/ adj. 与文化有关的；文化的(教材P55)· Beijing is famous for its cultural heritage. 北京以其文化遗产而著名。· There is a small cultural center in our town.在我们的城镇有一个小文化中心。· The book talks about cultural differences between the two countries.这本书讨论了两个国家之间的文化差异。· The children are taught to respect different cultures.孩子们被教导要尊重不同的文化。cultural adj. 与文化有关的；文化的，通常用于描述和文化相关的事物，如文化活动、文化遗产、文化差异等。在句中一般作定语，修饰名词。常用短语：(1)cultural heritage 文化遗产(2)cultural center 文化中心(3)cultural difference 文化差异(4)cultural festival 文化节cultural 的名词形式是culture，意为“文化”。讲课人：时间：202X.Section A探究二 核心短语Unit 6 Crossing Cultures1 so… that 如此……以至于(教材P54 )· I was so happy that I danced around the room all day! 我太开心了，以至于在房间里跳了一整天舞！· He ran so quickly that he won the race easily.他跑得如此快，以至于轻松赢得了比赛。· The book is too difficult for me to understand.这本书太难了，我理解不了。· The box is so heavy that she can’t carry it. = The box is too heavy for her to carry. 箱子太重，她搬不动。so +形容词/副词+ that +结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”(强调前因导致的结果)。表示否定含义时，可与“too...to”进行同义句转换。更多讲解见本单元“单元语法沙龙”！辨析：so...that... 与too...to...2 sit up 坐直(教材P54)· The doctor said, “Sit up straight—it’s better for your back!” 医生说：“坐直！这样对你的背更好！”· After running, I sat down to rest. 跑步后我坐下休息。· When she won the science prize, everyone sat up and took notice.她获得科学奖时，所有人都对她刮目相看。· We sat up late watching movies last night.我们昨晚熬夜看电影了。sit up 是动词短语，意为“坐直” , 强调从躺/ 斜靠到坐直；sit down 意为“坐下”，强调从站/ 走到坐下。常见搭配：(1)sit up straight 坐直 (2)sit up and take notice 突然注意起来 (3)sit up late 熬夜3 keep… off 使不碰到; 使避开(教材P54)· Please keep the children off the grass.请让孩子们不要践踏草坪。· Keep quiet during the movie, please!看电影时请保持安静！· Keep away from the fire—it’s dangerous!远离火源，它很危险！· Even if we go to different schools, let’s keep in touch!即使我们去了不同的学校，也要保持联系！· Walk faster! Keep up with the group.走快一点！跟上队伍。· You’re doing great! Keep on dancing!你跳得真好！继续跳舞！keep… off 是常用短语，表示“使不碰到；使避开”。keep 的其他常见用法：(1)keep(sb./sth.)+ adj.(使某人或某物)保持某种状态(2) keep (sb./sth.) doing sth. (使某人/ 某物)一直做某事(持续不断的动作)(3)keep on (doing sth.) 反复/ 持续(做某事)(4) keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 阻止某人/ 某物做某事(5)keep(...) away from (使……)远离(6)keep in touch (with sb.)(与某人)保持联系(7)keep up with 跟上；不落后4 be / get used to 习惯于(教材P55)· She isn’t used to living in the countryside now.她现在不习惯在乡下生活。· Are you used to the food here? 你习惯这儿的食物吗？· She used to be a teacher. But she is a scientist now.她过去是个老师。但是现在是个科学家。· A knife is used to cut things. 刀是用来切东西的。辨析：be used to(doing) sth., used to do sth. 与be used to do sth.讲课人：时间：202X.Section A探究三 核心句式Unit 6 Crossing CulturesJust hold the knife in your right hand, and the fork in your left. 右手拿刀，左手拿叉。（教材P54）分析结构: 这是一个并列祈使句。and 连接两个分句。第一个分句Just...hand 中hold 是动词（祈使句核心）；宾语是the knife；in your right hand 是地点状语。第二个分句的完整结构是hold the fork in your left hand，动词因与前一分句动词hold 重复而省略；宾语是the fork；地点状语是in your left，省略了名词hand。· Just put the ball in your left hand, and the racket in your right. 把球放在你的左手，球拍放在你的右手。· Just write your name in the top-left, and the date in the top-right. 在左上角写上你的名字，在右上角写上日期。祈使句+ and +祈使句，用以简洁明了地下达指令或教动作。当并列祈使句中后一分句的动词与前一分句重复时，可省略动词，让句子更简洁。