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人教版(2024)八年级上册英语Unit1-Unit5 期中复习重点知识串讲 学案
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这是一份人教版(2024)八年级上册英语Unit1-Unit5 期中复习重点知识串讲 学案,共29页。学案主要包含了核心用法梳理,用所给词的适当形式填空等内容,欢迎下载使用。
一、核心用法梳理
◆1. 复合不定代词(smething, anything, nthing, smebdy 等)
构成:sme-/any-/n-/every- + thing/bdy/ne
用法规则:
修饰词后置:形容词 / 不定式放后面(如 smething imprtant,nt anything t d)
主谓一致:作主语时谓语用单数(如 Everyne is here)
语气区别:sme - 用于肯定句 / 邀请请求(希望得到肯定回答),any - 用于否定句 / 疑问句
◆2. frget 的用法
词形变化:frget v.忘记→adj. frgetful 健忘的 (过去式 frgt,过去分词 frgtten/frgt)
固定搭配:
frget t d sth.:忘记要做某事(未做)
frget ding sth.:忘记做过某事(已做)
反义词:remember用法一致,remember t d/ding
◆3.surprised 与 surprising
词性与含义:
surprised(adj.):感到惊讶的(修饰人)
surprising(adj.):令人惊讶的(修饰事物 / 事件)
常用搭配:be surprised at sth. / be surprised t d sth.
◆4.bred 与 bring
词性与含义:
bred(adj.):感到无聊的(修饰人)
bring(adj.):令人无聊的(修饰事物)
拓展:同类词(excited/exciting, interested/interesting)用法一致
◆5. breath 的用法
词形变化:breath n.呼吸→ breathe v. 呼吸(发音 /briːð /,过去式 / 过去分词 breathed)
常用搭配:
take a deep breath 深呼吸
take sb’s breath away 令某人惊叹
hld ne's breath 屏住呼吸
ut f breath 气喘吁吁
◆6. thusand 的用法
数词搭配:
具体数字 + thusand(不加 s,不加 f):tw thusand 两千
thusands f(加 s,加 f):成千上万的(表泛指)
◆7. remind 的用法
固定搭配:
remind sb. f sth. 使某人想起某事
remind sb. t d sth. 提醒某人做某事
◆8. ready 的用法
核心短语:
be ready fr sth. 为某事 / 某物做准备
be ready t d sth. 愿意做某事;准备好做某事
拓展:get ready fr(强调 “准备” 的动作,be ready fr 强调 “准备好” 的状态)
◆9. against 的用法
介词含义:
反对(反义词 fr):be against sth. 反对某事
靠着;紧贴:lean against the wall 靠墙
与…… 对抗:play against Class 3 与三班比赛
易错点:against 是介词,后接动词 - ing 形式(如 be against smking 反对吸烟)
◆10. cmfrtable 的用法
词形变化:cmfrtable adj.→ cmfrtably adv. 舒适地;(反 )uncmfrtable(不舒服的);cmfrt n.舒适
常用搭配:
feel cmfrtable 感觉舒适
◆11. especially 的用法
词形变化: especial adj.特别的,特殊的→especially adv. 尤其;特别
用法规则:
修饰形容词 / 副词:especially imprtant 尤其重要
修饰句子 / 短语:I like fruits, especially apples.(我喜欢水果,尤其是苹果)
一、单项选择
1.—Is there ______ wrng with yur new bike?
—N, it wrks well.
A. smething B. anything C. nthing D. everything
2.I ______ t turn ff the lights yesterday. When I gt hme, the rm was still bright.
A. frget B. frgt C. frgets D. will frget
3.The ______ result f the math exam made all f us feel ______.
A. surprised; surprised B. surprising; surprising
C. surprised; surprising D. surprising; surprised
4.This TV shw is s ______ that my little sister fell asleep while watching it.
A. bred B. bring C. interesting D. interested
5.After climbing t the tp f the muntain, Tm was ______ and culdn't say a wrd.
A. ut f breath B. ut f breathe C. in breath D. in breathe
6.______ students frm ur schl jined the city sprts meeting last mnth.
A. Three thusand B. Three thusands C. Thusand f D. Three thusands f
7.The ld sng always ______ me f my happy childhd in the cuntryside.
A. thinks B. reminds C. tells D. speaks
8.Our team ______ fr the basketball match. We have practiced every day after schl.
A. ready B. is ready C. get ready D. getting ready
9.Mst students are ______ staying up late because it's bad fr their health.
A. fr B. against C. with D. abut
10.My grandparents like living in the cuntryside because the air there makes them feel ______.
A. cmfrtable B. cmfrtably C. uncmfrtable D. uncmfrtably
11.Winter is my favrite seasn, ______ when it snws. I like making snwmen with my friends.
A. special B. especially C. especial D. specially
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.There is ______ (value) in this ld bx. My grandfather kept it fr many years.
2.She ______ (frget) t bring her hmewrk t schl this mrning. Her teacher asked her t hand it in tmrrw.
3.It's ______ (surprise) that he finished the difficult prject in nly three days.
4.My little brther always feels ______ (bre) when he has t stay at hme alne.
5.Yu shuld ______ (breath) slwly when yu feel nervus befre the exam.
6.______ (thusand) f turists cme t visit this famus museum every year.
7.Culd yu please ______ (remind) me t buy sme milk n the way hme?
8.They ______ (be) ready fr the English test next week. They have reviewed all the lessns.
9.We are ging t have a debate abut whether we shuld be ______ (against) using mbile phnes in class.
10.The bed in this htel is ______ (cmfrtable) than the ne at my hme. I slept very well last night.
11.She lves reading, ______ (especial) stries abut animals. She has a lt f bks abut dgs.
Unit 2 Hme Sweet Hme
一、核心用法梳理
◆1. 情态动词 Can 和 culd
用法规则:
can: ①表能力(“能,会”),如 She can speak three languages.;
②表许可(“可以”,口语中常用),如 Yu can g ut after finishing hmewrk.;
③表可能性(“可能”,用于肯定句 / 否定句,否定式为 can't),如 It can't be true.
culd:①can 的过去式,表过去的能力 / 许可,如 He culd swim when he was five.;
②表委婉请求(比 can 更礼貌,回答仍用 can),如 Culd yu help me carry the bx?;
③表推测(“可能”,语气比 can 弱,用于肯定句 / 否定句),如 It culd rain this afternn.
◆2. Plan 的用法
词形变化:①动词,过去式 / 过去分词 planned,现在分词 planning;②名词,复数形式 plans
用法规则:
作动词:常用搭配 “plan t d sth.”(计划做某事)“plan fr sth.”(为某事做计划)
作名词:常用搭配 “make a plan”(制定计划)“carry ut a plan”(执行计划)
◆3. smell 的用法
词形变化:①动词,过去式 / 过去分词 smelt/smelled,现在分词 smelling;
②名词,复数形式 smells
用法规则:
作实义动词(“闻,嗅”):及物动词,后接宾语,如 She smelled the flwers carefully.;不及物动词,如 The sup smells gd.(此处也可看作系动词)
作系动词(“闻起来”):后接形容词作表语,不可接副词,如 The bread smells delicius.(×deliciusly)作名词(“气味”):可作可数 / 不可数名词,如 There is a sweet smell in the rm.
Different flwers have different smells.
◆4. lift 的用法
用法规则:
作动词:①表 “举起,抬起”,如 He lifted the heavy bx with ne hand.;
②表 “(飞机等)起飞”,如 The plane will lift ff in ten minutes.;
③表 “提升,提高”,如 The cmpany lifted the salary f its emplyees.
作名词:①表 “电梯”(英式英语,美式英语常用 elevatr),如 Take the lift t the fifth flr.;
②表 “举起,抬高”,如 With a lift f his hand, he stpped the car.
give sb. a lift 开车顺便送某人
◆5. brrw、lend 与 keep
词形变化:①brrw:动词,过去式 / 过去分词 brrwed,现在分词 brrwing;
②lend:动词,过去式 / 过去分词 lent,现在分词 lending;
③keep:动词,过去式 / 过去分词 kept,现在分词 keeping
用法规则:
brrw(“借入”,从他人处借东西给自己):常用搭配 “brrw sth. frm sb./sp.”
如 I brrwed a bk frm the library yesterday.
lend(“借出”,把自己的东西借给他人):常用搭配 “lend sth. t sb.” 或 “lend sb. sth.”
如 She lent her pen t me. / She lent me her pen.
keep(“保存,借用(持续一段时间)”,表借某物后的持有状态,常与时间段连用):
如 Yu can keep this dictinary fr a week.
◆6. invite 的用法
词形变化:invite v.邀请→ invitatin n.邀请(复数 invitatins)
常用搭配 “invite sb. t d sth.”(邀请某人做某事),如 They invited us t attend their wedding.
“invite sb. t + 地点”(邀请某人去某地),如 She invited me t her new huse.
◆7. until 的用法
用法规则:
作连词(引导时间状语从句):①“直到…… 为止”,主句谓语动词为延续性动词时,用肯定式,如 I waited until he came back.;②“直到…… 才”,主句谓语动词为非延续性动词时,用否定式(),如 She didn't g t bed until she finished her hmewrk.
作介词(后接时间名词 / 短语):如 He wrked until midnight. / They will stay here until next Friday.
◆8. die 的用法
词形变化:die v. 死亡→dead adj.死的,去世的;→ n. death死亡
→dying adj. 奄奄一息的
◆9. 与 up 有关的短语
常见短语及用法:
wake up(醒来):如 I usually wake up at 7 'clck in the mrning.
put up(张贴;举起;搭建):如 Put up the ntice n the wall. / He put up his hand t ask a questin. / They put up a tent in the park.
clean up(打扫干净):如 We need t clean up the classrm befre leaving.
cheer up(使高兴,使振奋):如 The gd news cheered her up.
fix up(修理,修补):如 He fixed up his ld bike by himself.
give up(放弃):常用搭配 “give up ding sth.”,如 She gave up smking last mnth.
lk up(查阅;抬头看):如 Lk up the new wrd in the dictinary. / He lked up at the sky.一、单项选择
1.—______ yu play the guitar when yu were in primary schl?
—Yes, I culd. But nw I can't play it well.
A. Can B. Culd C. Will D. May
2.They ______ t g hiking this weekend, but they have t change the plan because f the bad weather.
A. plan B. planned C. are planning D. will plan
3.The cake ______ s sweet. Did yu make it by yurself?
A. smells B. is smelled C. smelt D. will smell
4.The bx is t heavy. I ______ it by myself. Culd yu help me?
A. can lift B. can't lift C. lifted D. will lift
5.—Can I ______ yur dictinary fr tw days?
—Srry, I can't ______ it t yu. I need t use it nw.
A. brrw; lend B. keep; lend C. brrw; keep D. keep; brrw
6.Lisa ______ her best friend t her birthday party last week. Her friend was very happy t accept it.
A. invite B. invites C. invited D. will invite
7.My parents wn't g t bed ______ I get hme every night. They always wait fr me.
A. until B. when C. since D. after
8.______ hard the task is, we will finish it n time. We believe in urselves.
A. N matter what B. N matter wh C. N matter hw D. N matter where
9.His grandmther ______ in 2018. He still misses her very much nw.
A. die B. died C. dead D. death
10.—The ld man can't see clearly. Let's ______ him ______.
—Gd idea. We can help him crss the street.
A. cheer; up B. wake; up C. help; ut D. fix; up
11.My brther ______ playing cmputer games last mnth. Nw he spends mre time n his hmewrk.
A. gave up B. gave ut C. put up D. fixed up
12.—I dn't knw the meaning f this wrd.
—Yu can ______ it ______ in the English dictinary.
A. lk; fr B. lk; up C. lk; after D. lk; ut
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
—Culd yu please ______ (pen) the windw? It's t ht in the rm.
—Sure.
They ______ (plan) a trip t the Great Wall nw. They will leave next mnth.
The flwers in the garden ______ (smell) wnderful. Many bees are flying arund them.
My father ______ (lift) the big stne easily yesterday. He is very strng.
—Hw lng can I ______ (keep) this magazine?
—Fr a mnth. Remember t return it n time.
She ______ (invite) many friends t her birthday party last Sunday. Everyne had a gd time.
He ______ (nt g) t bed until his mther came back last night.
N matter what happens, we ______ (face) it bravely. We wn't give up.
The famus writer ______ (die) three years ag. His bks are still ppular nw.
My sister ften ______ (wake) up early in the mrning. She never gets up late.
They ______ (clean) up the park last weekend. Nw the park lks much cleaner.
My uncle ______ (fix) up his ld car last mnth. Nw it wrks well again.
Unit 3 Same r Different
一、核心用法梳理
◆1. 形容词副词的比较级
规则变化:
直接加 - er(如 tall→taller,fast→faster);
以不发音 e 结尾加 - r(如 nice→nicer,late→later);
以 “辅音 + y” 结尾,变 y 为 i 加 - er(如 easy→easier,happy→happier);
重读闭音节双写尾字母加 - er(如 big→bigger,ht→htter)。
多音节词 / 部分双音节词:在词前加 mre(如 beautiful→mre beautiful,carefully→mre carefully)。
不规则变化:gd/well→better,bad/badly→wrse,many/much→mre,little→less,far→farther(距离)/further(程度)。
用法规则:
用于两者比较,常与 than 连用,如 Tm is taller than Mike.(汤姆比迈克高。)
可修饰比较级的词:much(…… 得多)、a little(一点)、even(甚至)、far(远……),如 This bk is much mre interesting than that ne.(这本书比那本有趣得多。)
“比较级 + and + 比较级” 表 “越来越……”,如 The weather is getting clder and clder.(天气变得越来越冷。)
“the + 比较级,the + 比较级” 表 “越……,越……”,如 The harder yu study, the better grades yu will get.(你学习越努力,成绩就会越好。)
“...比较级+than+any ther +名词单数”
“...比较级+than+the ther +名词复数”
◆2. cmpare 的用法
词形变化:cmpare v.→ cmparisn n. 比较(复数 cmparisns)。
常用搭配 “cmpare A with B”(把 A 和 B 作比较)如 Teachers ften cmpare students' hmewrk with each ther.(老师经常把学生的作业互相比较。)
“cmpare A t B”(把 A 比作 B,强调相似性),如 Peple ften cmpare life t a jurney.(人们常把人生
◆3. expect 的用法
常用搭配 “expect t d sth.”(期望做某事),如 I expect t get gd grades in the exam.(我期望在考试中取得好成绩。)
“expect sb. t d sth.”(期望某人做某事),如 Parents expect their children t be successful.(父母期望他们的孩子成功。)
“expect + 从句”(期望……),如 We expect that he will cme t the party.(我们期望他会来参加派对。
◆4. 的用法
用法规则:
表示 “和…… 一样……”,用于同级比较, 中间必须用形容词 / 副词原级,如 She is as tall as her mther.(她和她妈妈一样高。)He runs as fast as Tm.(他跑得和汤姆一样快。)
否定形式 “nt ”(不如……),如 This mvie is nt as interesting as that ne.(这部电影不如那部有趣。)
◆5. accident 的用法
词形变化:accident n.→ adj. accidental(意外的)。
常用搭配 “by accident”(偶然,意外地),如 I met my ld friend by accident n the street.(我在街上偶然遇到了我的老朋友。)
◆6. tuch 的用法
作动词:①表 “触摸,接触”,如 Dn't tuch the ht water.(别碰热水。)
②表 “感动”,如 The stry tuched all f us.(这个故事感动了我们所有人。)
作名词:①表 “触摸”,如 The tuch f her hand is warm.(她手的触感很温暖。)
②表 “联系”,常用搭配 “keep in tuch with”(与…… 保持联系),如 We keep in tuch with each ther by phne.(我们通过电话保持联系。)
◆7. serius 的用法
词形变化:serius adj.→seriusly adv. 严肃地,严重地 比较级 mre serius,最高级 mst serius。
常用搭配 “”(认真对待……),如 We shuld take ur studies seriusly.(我们应该认真对待学习。)
◆8. interest 的用法
词形变化:①名词,复数形式 interests(兴趣爱好);
②动词,过去式 / 过去分词 interested,现在分词 interesting;
③形容词 interested(感兴趣的)、interesting(令人感兴趣的)。
用法规则:
作名词:①表 “兴趣”,常用搭配 “have interest in”(对…… 有兴趣),如 She has interest in painting.(她对绘画有兴趣。)
②表 “利益”,常用复数形式,如 public interests(公共利益)。
作动词:表 “使感兴趣”,如 The bk interests me a lt.(这本书让我很感兴趣。)
作形容词:interested 修饰人,常用 “be interested in”(对…… 感兴趣);interesting 修饰事物,如 He is interested in the interesting stry.(他对这个有趣的故事感兴趣。)
◆9. different 的用法
词形变化:different adj.→adv. differently不同地→n. difference(差异,复数 differences);
比较级 mre different,最高级 mst different。
用法规则:
意为 “不同的”,常用搭配 “be different frm”(与…… 不同),如 This shirt is different frm that ne.(这件衬衫和那件不同。)
◆10. thanks fr 与 thanks t
thanks fr:意为 “因…… 而感谢”,fr 后接名词 / 代词 / 动名词,表感谢的原因,如 Thanks fr yur help.(谢谢你的帮助。)Thanks fr inviting me.(谢谢你邀请我。)
thanks t:意为 “多亏,由于”,t 后接名词 / 代词,表原因(多为积极原因,偶尔也用于消极原因),如 Thanks t yur advice, I slved the prblem.(多亏了你的建议,我解决了这个问题。)Thanks t the bad weather, the trip was canceled.(由于天气不好,旅行取消了。)
◆11. pleasure 的用法
词形变化:pleasure n.→pleasant adj.令人愉快的
常用交际用语:①“With pleasure.”(乐意效劳,用于回答别人的请求),
如 —Culd yu help me?—With pleasure.(— 你能帮我吗?— 乐意效劳。)
②“My pleasure.”(不客气,用于回答别人的感谢),
如 —Thank yu fr yur help.—My pleasure.(— 谢谢你的帮助。— 不客气。)
◆12. ppulatin 的用法
用法规则:
意为 “人口”,询问 “某地有多少人口” 用 “What's the ppulatin ”,不用 “Hw many...”,如 What's the ppulatin f China?(中国的人口是多少?)
表示 “某地有…… 人口” 用 “have a ppulatin f + 数字”,如 Beijing has a ppulatin f abut 21 millin.(北京大约有 2100 万人口。)
描述 “人口多 / 少” 用 large/small 修饰,不用 many/few,如 China has a large ppulatin.(中国人口
一、单项选择
This stry is ______ than that ne. I like it better.
A. interesting B. mre interesting C. mst interesting D. the mst interesting
Teachers ften ______ students' prgress with their effrts.
A. cmpare B. cmpete C. cnnect D. cnsider
We ______ ur team t win the ftball match this weekend.
A. expect B. hpe C. wish D. want
Lucy runs ______ as her brther. They bth like sprts.
A. fast B. faster C. as fast D. s fast
A terrible ______ happened n the highway yesterday. Three peple were hurt.
A. incident B. accident C. event D. matter
The warm mvie ______ all the audience. Many peple cried.
A. tuched B. felt C. reached D. mved
Yu shuld take this prblem ______. It will affect yur future.
A. serius B. seriusly C. careful D. carefully
Tm is ______ in space. He ften reads bks abut it.
A. interest B. interested C. interesting D. interests
My hmetwn is ______ frm what it was ten years ag. It has changed a lt.
A. different B. same C. similar D. cmmn
______ yur help, I finished the prject n time. I really appreciate it.
A. Thanks fr B. Thanks t C. Because D. Because f
—Culd yu please pass me the pen? —______.
A. My pleasure B. With pleasure C. Yu're welcme D. N prblem
______ the ppulatin f Shanghai? It's ne f the biggest cities in China.
A. Hw many is B. Hw much is C. What's D. Hw large is
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
This restaurant is ______ (gd) than that ne. The fd here is mre delicius.
______ (cmpare) with the past, peple's living cnditins have imprved a lt.
She ______ (expect) t meet her favrite singer at the cncert tmrrw.
The little girl is as ______ (clever) as her brther. They bth get gd grades.
He met his ld classmate by ______ (accident) in the supermarket yesterday.
The tuching stry ______ (tuch) the hearts f many peple.
He didn't take the exam ______ (serius), s he failed.
The ______ (interest) bk makes me want t read it again.
There are many ______ (different) between the tw cultures.
______ (thank) fr giving me such useful advice.
It's a ______ (pleasure) t wrk with yu. Yu are very helpful.
The ppulatin f this city ______ (be) abut 5 millin. It's grwing slwly.
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
核心用法梳理
◆1. 形容词副词的最高级
规则变化:
直接加 - est(如 tall→tallest,fast→fastest);
以不发音 e 结尾加 - st(如 nice→nicest,late→latest);
以 “辅音 + y” 结尾,变 y 为 i 加 - est(如 easy→easiest,happy→happiest);
重读闭音节双写尾字母加 - est(如 big→biggest,ht→httest)。
多音节词 / 部分双音节词:在词前加 mst(如 beautiful→mst beautiful,carefully→mst carefully)。
不规则变化:gd/well→best,bad/badly→wrst,many/much→mst,little→least,far→farthest(距离)/furthest(程度)。
用法规则:
用于三者及以上比较,常与 “f + 复数名词 / 代词”“in + 范围名词” 连用,且形容词最高级前需加定冠词 the,副词最高级前可加 the 也可不加,如 Tm is the tallest f all the bys.(汤姆是所有男孩中最高的。)He runs (the) fastest in his class.(他在班里跑得最快。)
表示 “第几最……” 用 “the + 序数词 + 最高级”,如 The Yellw River is the secnd lngest river in China.(黄河是中国第二长河。)
表示“之一”用 ne f +the +最高级+名词复数,如Shanghai is ne f the biggest cities in China.
◆2. withut 的用法
用法规则:
意为 “没有,不带有”,介词,后接名词、代词或动名词,
如 He went t schl withut breakfast.(他没吃早饭就去上学了。)
She can't live withut air.(没有空气她无法生存。)
They left withut saying gdbye.(他们没说再见就离开了。)
◆3. cnnect 的用法
词形变化:cnnect v. →cnnected adj.有联系的→ cnnectin n.(复数 cnnectins),过去式 / 过去分词 cnnected,现在分词 cnnecting
常用搭配 “cnnect A with B”(把 A 和 B 联系起来),如 We shuld cnnect thery with practice.(我们应该把理论和实践联系起来。)
“cnnect A t B”(把 A 连接到 B,侧重 “连接” 的动作),如 Please cnnect the cmputer t the Internet.(请把电脑连上网。)
短语 “be cnnected with”(与…… 有关),如 His jb is cnnected with educatin.(他的工作与教育有关。◆4. weight 的用法
词形变化:weigh v.称重→weight n. 重量
常用搭配 “lse weight”(减肥)、“put n weight”(增重),如 She wants t lse weight by exercising.(她想通过运动减肥。)He put n weight after staying at hme fr a mnth.(在家待了一个月后,他长胖了。)
动词 weigh 意为 “称重,重……”,如 The apple weighs 100 grams.(这个苹果重 100 克。)Can yu weigh this bag fr me?(你能帮我称一下这个包吗?)
◆5. ppular 的用法
词形变化:ppular adj.→adv. ppularly(普遍地,广泛地)→n. ppularity(流行,受欢迎);
比较级 mre ppular,最高级 mst ppular。
用法规则:
意为 “受欢迎的,流行的”,常用搭配 “be ppular with/amng sb.”(受某人欢迎),如 This singer is ppular with yung peple.(这位歌手受年轻人欢迎。)
◆6. in rder t 的用法
用法规则:
意为 “为了,以便”,后接动词原形,表目的,可位于句首或句中,位于句首时,后接主句需用逗号隔开,如 In rder t imprve his English, he practices speaking every day.(为了提高英语,他每天练习口语。)She studies hard in rder t get gd grades.(她努力学习是为了取得好成绩。)
否定形式 “in rder nt t d sth.”(为了不做某事),如 He gt up early in rder nt t be late fr schl.(他早起是为了上学不迟到。)
与 s that(后接从句)、t d(表目的,更简洁)用法区分,如 He wrks hard s that he can buy a new huse.( =He wrks hard in rder t buy a new huse.)
◆7. disappint 的用法
词形变化:disappint v.→adj. disappinted感到失望的、disappinting令人失望的→ n. disappintment失望,过去式 / 过去分词 disappinted,现在分词 disappinting;。
用法规则:
作动词,意为 “使失望”,如 His pr grade disappinted his parents.(他糟糕的成绩让父母失望了。)
形容词 disappinted 修饰人,常用搭配 “be disappinted at/in/with sth.”(对某事失望)、“be disappinted t d sth.”(做某事感到失望),如 She was disappinted with the result.(她对结果感到失望。)He was disappinted t miss the cncert.(没赶上音乐会,他感到失望。)
形容词 disappinting 修饰事物,如 a disappinting mvie(一部令人失望的电影),disappinting news(令人失望的消息)。
◆8. except 与 besides
用法规则:
except:意为 “除…… 之外(不包括在内)”,强调从整体中排除某部分,如 Everyne is here except Tm.(除了汤姆,所有人都来了。)(汤姆没来)
besides:意为 “除…… 之外(还包括在内)”,强调在整体之外额外增加某部分,如 Besides English, he als learns French.(除了英语,他还学法语。)(英语和法语都学)
◆9. prtect 的用法
词形变化:prtect v.→n. prtectin保护→adj. prtective(保护的,防护的)。
过去式 / 过去分词 prtected,现在分词 prtecting;
常用搭配 “prtect sb./sth. frm/against sth.”(保护某人 / 某物免受…… 伤害),frm 和 against 可互换,against 更侧重 “抵抗”,如 We shuld prtect the envirnment frm pllutin.(我们应该保护环境免受污染。)Wearing masks can prtect us against viruses.(戴口罩能保护我们免受病毒伤害。)
◆10. imagine 的用法
词形变化:imagine v.→n. imaginatin想象力→adj. imaginative富有想象力的、imaginary(想象的,虚构的),过去式 / 过去分词 imagined,现在分词 imagining;。
常用搭配 “imagine sb. ding sth.”(想象某人做某事),如 I can't imagine him cking.(我无法想象他做饭的样子。)
一、单项选择
This is ______ mvie I have ever seen. I want t watch it again.
A. interesting B. mre interesting C. mst interesting D. the mst interesting
He usually ges t wrk ______ taking the bus. He likes riding his bike.
A. with B. withut C. by D. thrugh
We shuld ______ the knwledge we learn at schl ______ real life.
A. cnnect; with B. cmpare; with C. mix; with D. fill; with
—What's yur ______?
—It's 50 kilgrams. I need t keep it.
A. height B. weight C. age D. size
Basketball is ne f the ______ sprts amng students in ur schl.
A. ppular B. mre ppular C. mst ppular D. ppularity
She gets up early every mrning ______ catch the first bus t schl.
A. s that B. in rder t C. because f D. thanks t
The ______ result f the exam made him cry. He studied hard fr it.
A. disappint B. disappinted C. disappinting D. disappintment
All the students went t the park ______ Lucy. She had t lk after her sick mther.
A. except B. besides C. including D. withut
We plant mre trees ______ ur city ______ strng winds and sandstrms.
A. prtect; frm B. t prtect; frm C. prtect; against D. t prtect; against
Can yu ______ yurself living in a huse with a big garden?
A. imagine B. think C. cnsider D. believe
(二)用所给词的适当形式填空
Tm is ______ (tall) by in his class. He is 1.8 meters tall.
She walked int the rm ______ (with) making any nise. Everyne was sleeping.
The tw cities are ______ (cnnect) by a new high-speed train. It's very cnvenient.
The little cat ______ (weigh) 2 kilgrams. It lks very cute.
This singer is becming ______ (ppular) than befre. Mre and mre peple like her sngs.
He studies English every day ______ (in rder t) imprve his speaking skills.
His parents were ______ (disappint) when they heard he failed the exam.
______ (except) math, he is gd at all ther subjects. He needs t wrk harder n math.
We shuld take actin t ______ (prtect) the endangered animals. They are in danger.
I can't ______ (imagine) what ur life will be like withut the Internet.
Unit 5 What a Delicius Meal!
一、核心用法梳理
◆1. 感叹句
用法规则:
由 what 或 hw 引导,表达强烈情感(喜悦、惊讶、赞叹等),句末用感叹号。
what 引导:修饰名词,结构为
①What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + (主语 + 谓语)! (如 What a beautiful flwer it is!);
②What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 + (主语 + 谓语)! (如 What lvely children they are!);
③What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)! (如 What delicius fd it is!)。
hw 引导:修饰形容词、副词或动词,结构为
①Hw + 形容词/副词 + (主语 + 谓语)! (如 Hw tall he is!);
②Hw + 形容词+a/an+可数名词单数 + (主语 + 谓语)! (如 Hw beautiful a flwer it is!);
③Hw + (主语 + 谓语)! (如 Hw time flies!)。
◆2. hw many 与 hw much 的区分
用法规则:
hw many:修饰可数名词复数,询问数量,答语用具体数字或 “a few/many” 等,
如 Hw many bks d yu have?(你有多少本书?)→ I have five.
hw much:①修饰不可数名词,询问数量,答语用 “a little/much” 或具体量(如 “tw bttles f”),
如 Hw much water is there in the glass?(杯子里有多少水?)→ A little.;
②询问价格,无论名词可数与否,均用 hw much,
如 Hw much is this pen?(这支钢笔多少钱?)→ It's ten yuan.
◆3. fill 与 full 辨析
fill:动词,过去式 / 过去分词 filled,现在分词 filling;
full:形容词,比较级 fuller,最高级 fullest。
用法规则:
fill(动词):表 “装满,填满”,常用搭配 “fill sth. with sth.”(用某物装满某物),如 She filled the bttle with milk.(她把瓶子装满了牛奶。);被动形式 “be filled with”(被…… 装满),如 The bx is filled with bks.(盒子里装满了书。)。
full(形容词):表 “满的,充满的”,常用搭配 “be full f”(充满……),如 The rm is full f peple.(房间里挤满了人。);可作表语或定语,如 a full cup(一个满杯)。
◆4. 祈使句
用于表达命令、请求、建议或警告,主语(yu)通常省略,以动词原形开头。
肯定式:动词原形 + 其他成分!(如 Open the dr! 开门!);可加 please 表礼貌(如 Please pass me the bk! 请递给我那本书!)。
否定式:Dn't + 动词原形 + 其他成分!(如 Dn't be late! 别迟到!);N + 名词 / 动名词!(如 N smking! 禁止吸烟!)。
◆5. mix的用法
词形变化:mix v.→n. mixture混合物→adj. mixed(混合的,如 mixed feelings 复杂的情感)。
过去式 / 过去分词 mixed,现在分词 mixing;
用法规则:
表 “混合,搅拌”,常用搭配 “mix A with B”(把 A 和 B 混合),如 Mix the flur with water.(把面粉和水混合。);“mix up”(弄混,混淆),如 Dn't mix up the tw names.(别把这两个名字弄混了。)。
◆6. sweet的用法
词形变化:sweet →n. sweetness 甜蜜→adv. sweetly(甜蜜地,温柔地)。
比较级 sweeter,最高级 sweetest用法规则:
作形容词:①表 “甜的”(对应 sur 酸的),如 sweet apples(甜苹果);
②表 “甜蜜的,温柔的”,如 a sweet smile(甜蜜的微笑),sweet music(悦耳的音乐)。
作名词:①表 “糖果”(英式英语常用,美式英语常用 candy),如 I bught sme sweets.(我买了些糖果。);②表 “甜食”,如 We had ice cream fr sweet.(我们吃了冰淇淋当甜点。)。
◆7. brn的用法
作形容词,表 “出生的”,常用搭配 “be brn + 时间 / 地点”(出生于某时 / 某地),如 He was brn in 2008.(他出生于 2008 年。);“be brn with”(天生具有),如 She was brn with a gd vice.(她天生有一副好嗓子。)。
◆8. separate的用法
词形变化:①动词,过去式 / 过去分词 separated,现在分词 separating,读音 /ˈsepəreɪt/;
②形容词,读音 /ˈseprət/,比较级 mre separate,最高级 mst separate;名词形式 separatin(分离,不可数名词)。
作动词:表 “分开,分离”,
常用搭配 “separate A frm B”(把 A 和 B 分开),如 The river separates the tw villages.(这条河把两个村庄分开了。);“separate int”(分成……),如 The class separated int fur grups.(班级分成了四组)
作形容词:表 “分开的,单独的”,如 They live in separate rms.(他们住在各自独立的房间里。);“be separate frm”(与…… 分离),如 The island is separate frm the mainland.(这个岛与大陆分离。)。
◆9. secret的用法
词形变化:①名词,复数 secrets;
②形容词,比较级 mre secret,最高级 mst secret;副词形式 secretly(秘密地)。
作名词:表 “秘密”,常用搭配
“keep a secret”(保守秘密),如 Can yu keep a secret fr me?(你能帮我保守一个秘密吗?);
“the secret t sth.”(…… 的秘诀),如 What's the secret t yur success?(你成功的秘诀是什么?)。
作形容词:表 “秘密的,机密的”,如 a secret meeting(秘密会议),He tld me a secret plan.(他告诉了我一个秘密计划。)。
◆10. dream的用法
词形变化:①动词,过去式 / 过去分词 dreamed/dreamt,现在分词 dreaming;
②名词,复数 dreams。
作动词:表 “做梦,梦想”,
常用搭配 “dream f ding sth.”(梦想做某事),
如 She dreams f becming a dctr.(她梦想成为一名医生。);
“dream abut”(梦见,梦想,与 dream f 可互换,abut 更侧重 “具体梦境”),
如 I dreamed abut my childhd last night.(昨晚我梦见了我的童年。)。
作名词:表 “梦,梦想”,如 I had a strange dream last night.(昨晚我做了个奇怪的梦。);
“achieve ne's dream”(实现某人的梦想),如 He wrked hard t achieve his dream.(他努力工作以实现自己的梦想。)。
◆11. pretty的用法
词形变化:①形容词,比较级 prettier,最高级 prettiest;
②副词,意为 “相当,很”(非正式用法,程度弱于 very)。
作形容词:表 “漂亮的,可爱的”(多修饰人或小巧的事物),如 a pretty girl(一个漂亮的女孩),pretty flwers(漂亮的花)。
作副词:表 “相当,很”,修饰形容词或副词,如 The mvie is pretty gd.(这部电影相当不错。);He runs pretty fast.(他跑得相当快。)。
◆12. cut的用法
词形变化:过去式 / 过去分词 cut,现在分词 cutting。
作动词:表 “切,割,剪”,常用搭配
“cut sth. int...”(把某物切成……),如 Cut the cake int eight pieces.(把蛋糕切成八块。);
“cut dwn”(砍倒,减少),如 Dn't cut dwn trees.(别砍树。);
“cut ff ”(切断,中断),如 The strm cut ff the pwer.(暴风雨切断了电源。)
“cut up ”(切碎),如 Cut up the tmates.(切碎西红柿。)
一、单项选择
______ interesting stry it is! I want t read it again.
A. What B. What an C. Hw D. Hw an
—______ des this new bike cst? —It's 800 yuan.
A. Hw many B. Hw much C. Hw lng D. Hw ften
Please ______ the bwl ______ sup. We are ready t have dinner.
A. fill; with B. full; f C. fill; f D. full; with
______ quiet in the library. Everyne is reading carefully.
A. Be B. Being C. T be D. Dn't be
Yu need t ______ the eggs with the flur befre baking the cake.
A. mix B. put C. take D. make
The little girl has a ______ vice. She sings very well.
A. sweet B. sweetly C. sur D. surly
—When ______ yu ______?
—I was brn n Octber 1st, 2012.
A. are; brn B. were; brn C. d; brn D. did; brn
We need t ______ the red balls ______ the blue nes. They are fr different grups.
A. separate; int B. separate; frm C. mix; with D. mix; int
My best friend tld me a ______ yesterday. I wn't share it with anyne else.
A. secret B. dream C. plan D. stry
Tm ______ f traveling arund the wrld when he grws up.
A. dreams B. hpes C. wants D. plans
The new dress lks ______ nice n yu. Where did yu buy it?
A. pretty B. prettily C. beautiful D. beautifully
Be careful! Dn't ______ yur hand with the knife when yu peel the apple.
A. cut B. mix C. fill D. separate
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
______ a lvely dg! It's playing with a ball in the yard.
—______ (hw many) water d we need fr the experiment?
—Abut tw bttles.
The bx ______ (fill) with ld phts. My mther kept them fr many years.
______ (nt run) in the hallway. It's dangerus.
She ______ (mix) the il with the water just nw, but they didn't mix well.
My grandmther ften makes ______ (sweet) at hme. They taste very gd.
He ______ (brn) in a small village, but nw he lives in a big city.
The teacher ______ (separate) the students int five teams fr the game yesterday.
She has a ______ (secretly) wish t becme a famus singer.
Last night, I ______ (dream) that I was flying in the sky like a bird.
The mvie is ______ (pretty) interesting. I recmmend yu t watch it.
He ______ (cut) the paper int a star shape and stuck it n the wall.
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