人教版（2024）八年级上册英语期中复习：知识梳理+考点突破+考点精炼 讲义（含答案）

这是一份人教版（2024）八年级上册英语期中复习：知识梳理+考点突破+考点精炼 讲义（含答案），共14页。
TOC \ "1-2" \h \u \l "_Tc15221" 第一部分 知识梳理（夯实基础，覆盖全考点） PAGEREF _Tc15221 \h 2
\l "_Tc529" 第二部分 考点突破（高频考点、解题技巧） PAGEREF _Tc529 \h 4
\l "_Tc28530" 一、听力部分（情景应答、信息获取） PAGEREF _Tc28530 \h 4
\l "_Tc15907" 二、词汇部分（词义辨析、固定搭配、词性转换） PAGEREF _Tc15907 \h 5
\l "_Tc15937" 三、句型部分（比较级句型、There be句型、礼貌请求） PAGEREF _Tc15937 \h 6
\l "_Tc10047" 四、阅读理解部分（细节查找、推理判断、主旨大意） PAGEREF _Tc10047 \h 7
\l "_Tc26222" 五、书面表达部分（假期经历、家庭介绍、事物比较、动植物保护） PAGEREF _Tc26222 \h 9
\l "_Tc22487" 第三部分 考点精炼（高频考点典型试题） PAGEREF _Tc22487 \h 9
\l "_Tc24170" 一、单项选择 PAGEREF _Tc24170 \h 9
\l "_Tc17210" 二、句型转换 PAGEREF _Tc17210 \h 10
\l "_Tc20579" 三、阅读理解 PAGEREF _Tc20579 \h 11
\l "_Tc18059" 四、书面表达 PAGEREF _Tc18059 \h 12
\l "_Tc23000" 第四部分 答案解析（讲透考点，规避错因） PAGEREF _Tc23000 \h 13
\l "_Tc4757" 一、单项选择 PAGEREF _Tc4757 \h 13
\l "_Tc21668" 二、句型转换 PAGEREF _Tc21668 \h 14
\l "_Tc15635" 三、阅读理解 PAGEREF _Tc15635 \h 14
\l "_Tc23967" 四、书面表达 PAGEREF _Tc23967 \h 15
第一部分 知识梳理（夯实基础，覆盖全考点）
第二部分 考点突破（高频考点、解题技巧）
一、听力部分（情景应答、信息获取）
1. 高频考点：假期活动与经历
【示例】听力材料：A: Hw was yur summer hliday? B: ______
A. I will g t the beach.
B. It was wnderful! I visited my grandparents.
C. I am reading a hliday bk.
【解题技巧】① 预读选项，判断场景为假期感受及经历；② 问句用一般过去时，答语需匹配时态；③ 排除A（将来时）、C（现在进行时），选择B。
【答案】B
2. 高频考点：家庭事务与请求
【示例】听力材料：A: Culd yu please help me fix the brken chair? B: ______
A. Yes, sure. I'll d it right away.
B. N, I dn't.
C. It's a beautiful chair.
【解题技巧】① 聚焦礼貌请求的回应，需体现委婉性；② A为礼貌肯定回应，符合语境；③ 排除B（时态错误，问句为情态动词引导）、C（无关回应）。
【答案】A
3. 高频考点：事物比较与偏好
【示例】听力材料：A: Which sprt d yu prefer, running r swimming? B: Swimming. It's mre relaxing than running.
问题：Why des the speaker prefer swimming?
A. It's mre relaxing.
B. It's mre tiring.
C. It's cheaper.
【解题技巧】① 抓住问题关键词“Why”，重点捕捉原因表述；② 原文明确提到“mre relaxing”，匹配A；③ 排除B、C（无依据）。
【答案】A
二、词汇部分（词义辨析、固定搭配、词性转换）
1. 高频考点：固定搭配（动词短语）
【示例】We ______ a lt f phts during ur trip t Guilin last mnth.
A. tk B. made C. did
【解题技巧】① 理解短语含义：take phts为固定搭配“拍照”；② 结合时态“last mnth”用一般过去时，take的过去式为tk；③ 排除B、C（不与phts搭配）。
【答案】A
2. 高频考点：词性转换（形容词→副词）
【示例】She sings very ______ (beautiful).（用所给词的适当形式填空）
【解题技巧】① 分析句子成分，此处需副词修饰动词sings；② 形容词beautiful变副词为beautifully；③ 注意规则变化，直接加ly。
【答案】beautifully
3. 高频考点：词义辨析（比较级相关）
【示例】This skirt is ______ than that ne, but it's ______ .
A. cheaper; mre beautiful B. cheap; beautiful C. cheaper; beautifuler
【解题技巧】① 第一空后有than，用比较级cheaper；② 第二空多音节形容词beautiful的比较级为mre beautiful；③ 排除B（原级）、C（beautifuler形式错误）。
【答案】A
三、句型部分（比较级句型、There be句型、礼貌请求）
1. 高频考点：比较级句型
【示例】Tm runs ______ than his sister, but his sister jumps ______ than him.
A. faster; higher B. fast; high C. fastest; highest
【解题技巧】① 两句均有than，需用比较级；② fast的比较级为faster，high的比较级为higher；③ 排除B（原级）、C（最高级）。
【答案】A
2. 高频考点：There be句型
【示例】______ a big garden and tw small huses behind my schl.
A. There is B. There are C. Have
【解题技巧】① There be句型遵循“就近原则”，靠近be动词的a big garden为单数；② 用There is，排除B（复数）；③ 排除C（have表示“拥有”，主语需为人或物，此处为存在句型）。
【答案】A
3. 高频考点：礼貌请求与回应
【示例】A: Culd yu please pass me the salt? B: ______
A. Yes, here yu are.
B. N, I can't.
C. I dn't have salt.
【解题技巧】① 礼貌请求的回应需友好，A为恰当回应；② B语气生硬，C未体现帮助意愿，均不符合交际习惯。
【答案】A
四、阅读理解部分（细节查找、推理判断、主旨大意）
1. 高频考点：细节查找题
【示例】短文：Last summer, Lucy went n a trip t Yunnan. She stayed there fr a week. She visited Lijiang and Dali, and bught many beautiful suvenirs fr her friends.
问题：Hw lng did Lucy stay in Yunnan?
A. Fr a day. B. Fr a week. C. Fr a mnth.
【解题技巧】① 划题干关键词“hw lng”“stay in Yunnan”；② 定位原文“stayed there fr a week”；③ 直接匹配B，排除A、C。
【答案】B
2. 高频考点：推理判断题
【示例】短文：Many peple like keeping dgs at hme. Dgs are lyal t their wners. They can help peple lk after their huses and play with children. Sme dgs even help blind peple walk.
问题：What can we infer frm the passage?
A. Dgs are helpful t peple.
B. Dgs are mre ppular than cats.
C. All dgs can help blind peple.
【解题技巧】① 整合细节“lk after huses、play with children、help blind peple”，推测狗对人有帮助；② 排除B（未提及猫）、C（all绝对化，原文为sme）。
【答案】A
3. 高频考点：主旨大意题
【示例】短文：There are many differences between city life and cuntry life. In the city, there are mre tall buildings and busy streets. In the cuntry, the air is fresher and the envirnment is quieter. Peple in the city usually g t wrk by bus r subway, while peple in the cuntry ften walk r ride bikes.
问题：What is the main idea f the passage?
A. City life is better than cuntry life.
B. Differences between city life and cuntry life.
C. Hw peple g t wrk in the city and cuntry.
【解题技巧】① 首句点明核心“many differences between city life and cuntry life”，后续展开具体差异；② A未体现比较，C仅为细节，主旨为B。
【答案】B
五、书面表达部分（假期经历、家庭介绍、事物比较、动植物保护）
假期经历（命题率最高）
【写作要求】以“My Happy Hliday”为题，介绍你的一次假期经历，包括地点、活动、感受，60词左右。
【解题技巧】① 结构清晰：开头点明假期地点和时间→中间描述具体活动→结尾表达感受；② 多用一般过去时；③ 用first、then、finally等连接词，逻辑连贯。
【范文】My Happy Hliday
Last winter hliday, I went t Harbin with my parents. First, we made a big snwman. Then, we went skiing. Finally, we tasted delicius lcal fd. It was a wnderful trip. I felt very happy and hpe t g there again.
第三部分 考点精炼（高频考点典型试题）
一、单项选择
1． — ______ did yu g n hliday? — I went t Qingda.
A. What B. Where C. When
2． There ______ a desk and three chairs in my bedrm.
A. is B. are C. have
3． This mvie is ______ than the ne we watched yesterday.
A. interesting B. mre interesting C. mst interesting
4． Culd yu please ______ me clean the windws?
A. help B. helps C. t help
5． My father ______ a lt f phts when he visited Xi'an last year.
A. takes B. tk C. will take
6． — Which d yu prefer, tea r cffee? — ______ . I like juice better.
A. Bth B. Neither C. Either
7． We shuld take measures ______ prtect rare animals.
A. T B. fr C. with
8． Tm is ______ than his brther, but he runs ______ .
A. shrter; faster B. shrt; fast C. shrtest; fastest
9． — Hw was yur schl trip? — ______ . I had a great time.
A. It's OK B. It was terrible C. It was fantastic
10． Many animals are in danger ______ peple cut dwn t many trees.
A. S B. because C. but
二、句型转换
1． He went t Shanghai n hliday last summer.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ he g n hliday last summer?
2． There are sme bks n the desk.（改为否定句）
There ______ ______ bks n the desk.
3． This red dress is mre beautiful than the blue ne.（改为同义句）
The blue dress is nt ______ ______ ______ the red ne.
4． My mther ften des husewrk n weekends.（用nw改写句子）
My mther ______ ______ husewrk nw.
5． I prefer swimming t running.（改为一般疑问句）
______ yu ______ swimming t running?
三、阅读理解
My name is Lily. Last summer hliday, I went t Chengdu with my classmates. We tk a train there. It tk us abut 10 hurs. In Chengdu, we visited the Giant Panda Base. We saw many cute pandas. They were eating bamb happily. We als tried delicius ht pt. It was very spicy but tasty. We stayed there fr five days. We had a wnderful time and made many memries.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
1． Hw did Lily g t Chengdu?
A. By plane. B. By train. C. By bus.
2． What did Lily d in Chengdu?
A. She visited the Giant Panda Base.
B. She climbed the Great Wall.
C. She visited her grandparents.
3． Hw lng did Lily stay in Chengdu?
A. Fr three days. B. Fr five days. C. Fr a week.
4． What did Lily think f the ht pt?
A. It was nt tasty. B. It was spicy but tasty. C. It was t spicy.
5． Which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A. Lily went t Chengdu with her family.
B. Lily saw many pandas eating bamb.
C. Lily didn't like her trip t Chengdu.
四、书面表达
以“My Hme”为题，介绍你的家，包括家庭设施、你最喜欢的房间及原因，60词左右。
第四部分 答案解析（讲透考点，规避错因）
一、单项选择
1． 【答案】B 【解析】考查疑问词用法，答语为地点，用where提问，错因：未根据答语判断疑问词。
2． 【答案】A 【解析】考查There be句型就近原则，靠近be动词的a desk为单数，错因：未掌握就近原则。
3． 【答案】B 【解析】考查形容词比较级，than提示用比较级，多音节词加mre，错因：未掌握比较级变化规则。
4． 【答案】A 【解析】考查Culd yu please+动词原形，错因：未掌握礼貌请求句型的动词形式。
5． 【答案】B 【解析】考查一般过去时，last year为过去时间状语，take过去式为tk，错因：时态判断错误。
6． 【答案】B 【解析】考查代词用法，由“I like juice better”可知两者都不喜欢，用neither，错因：未理解bth/neither/either的含义。
7． 【答案】A 【解析】考查固定搭配take measures t d sth.，错因：不熟悉动词短语的介词搭配。
8． 【答案】A 【解析】考查比较级，than提示用比较级，错因：未掌握比较级的运用场景。
9． 【答案】C 【解析】考查情景回应，由“I had a great time”可知回应为积极评价，错因：未结合语境判断回应语气。
10． 【答案】B 【解析】考查原因状语从句，because引导原因，错因：混淆s/because/but的用法。
二、句型转换
1． 【答案】Where did 【解析】对地点提问用where，一般过去时用did引导，错因：疑问词选择错误或助动词形式错误。
2． 【答案】aren't any 【解析】There be句型否定句，are变aren't，sme变any，错因：未掌握否定句的变化规则。
3． 【答案】as beautiful as 【解析】同义句转换，“A比B更漂亮”=“B不如A漂亮”，用nt 结构，错因：不熟悉同义表达。
4． 【答案】is ding 【解析】nw提示用现在进行时，结构为be+ding，错因：时态转换错误。
5． 【答案】D; prefer 【解析】一般现在时的一般疑问句，用d引导，prefer用原形，错因：疑问句结构错误。
三、阅读理解
1． 【答案】B 【解析】细节查找，原文“We tk a train there”，直接定位答案。
2． 【答案】A 【解析】细节查找，原文“we visited the Giant Panda Base”，匹配信息。
3． 【答案】B 【解析】细节查找，原文“We stayed there fr five days”，明确时长。
4． 【答案】B 【解析】细节查找，原文“It was very spicy but tasty”，确定观点。
5． 【答案】B 【解析】推理判断，原文“We saw many cute pandas. They were eating bamb happily”，A（with classmates）、C（had a wnderful time）与原文矛盾。
四、书面表达
（评分标准：内容完整3分，语法正确3分，语句通顺2分，书写规范2分）
【优秀范文】My Hme
I live in a czy huse with my family. There is a living rm, a kitchen, tw bedrms and a bathrm. My favrite rm is the bedrm. I can read bks and listen t music there. It's my private space and makes me feel relaxed.
【避错提示】① 避免时态错误：描述家庭现状用一般现在时；② 避免信息缺失：确保涵盖设施、最喜欢的房间及原因；③ 避免句型单一：适当用there be、定语从句等；④ 书写工整：注意标点和大小写。
单元
重点词汇
核心句子
关键语法
Unit 1 Happy Hliday
1． 假期活动类：travel, explre, relax, discver, experience
2． 动词短语：g n a trip, take phts, try ut, lk frward t, cme back frm
3． 形容词：exciting, wnderful, unfrgettable, tiring, bring
4． 名词：hliday, jurney, destinatin, suvenir, schedule
1. Where did yu g n yur hliday? - I went t Beijing with my family.
2. We have been lking frward t this hliday fr a lng time.
3. It was an unfrgettable experience t climb the Great Wall.
4. Hw lng will yu stay in Shanghai during the hliday?
1. 一般过去时（描述过去的假期经历）
2. 现在完成时（表示对现在的影响，如期待假期）
3. 一般将来时（计划假期活动）
4. 疑问词（where/hw lng/what等）引导的特殊疑问句
Unit 2 Hme Sweet Hme
1． 家庭设施类：kitchen, bedrm, living rm, bathrm, balcny
2． 动词：clean, decrate, ck, repair, tidy
3． 形容词：cmfrtable, tidy, messy, spacius, czy
4． 短语：d husewrk, fix up, put away, take care f, lk after
1. There is a big kitchen in my new huse.
2. Culd yu please help me clean the living rm?
3. My mther is busy cking delicius fd in the kitchen.
4. We shuld keep ur bedrms tidy every day.
1. There be句型（描述家庭设施分布）
2. 情态动词表请求（Culd yu ）
3. 现在进行时（描述正在进行的家务活动）
4. 祈使句（提出家庭生活建议）
Unit 3 Same r Different?
1． 比较类：same, different, similar, varius, distinct
2． 动词：cmpare, differ, resemble, suit, prefer
3． 形容词/副词比较级：taller, faster, mre beautiful, mre carefully
4． 短语：be different frm, be similar t, , , in cmmn
1. My brther is taller than me, but I am mre utging than him.
2. This bk is different frm the ne I read last week.
3. Which seasn d yu prefer, spring r autumn?
4. They have a lt in cmmn althugh they are frm different cuntries.
1. 形容词和副词的比较级（规则与不规则变化）
2. 比较级句型（A+be+比较级+than+B；prefer A t B）
3. 固定短语（be different frm/be similar t等）
4. 并列句（althugh/but连接的对比句子）
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
1． 动植物类：tiger, panda, elephant, rse, bamb, tree
2． 动词：live, grw, feed, prtect, survive
3． 形容词：rare, dangerus, strng, beautiful, tall
4． 短语：live in, feed n, take measures t, , cut dwn
1. Pandas live in Sichuan and feed n bamb.
2. We shuld take measures t prtect rare animals.
3. Rses are beautiful but they have thrns.
4. Many animals are in danger because peple cut dwn t many trees.
1. 一般现在时（描述动植物的习性和特征）
2. 情态动词shuld表建议（保护动植物的建议）
3. 原因状语从句（because引导，说明动植物濒危原因）
4. 被动语态（基础）：Rare animals are prtected by the gvernment.