上海市复旦大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版）-A4

这是一份上海市复旦大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版）-A4，共11页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
I. Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Nt S Fast
The 5:2 diet ffers five days f nrmal eating “with little thught t calrie cntrl” t every tw days f near fasting, when yu eat a quarter f yur recmmended daily calrie intake, ___1___ wrks ut as 500 calries fr wmen and 600 fr men. Nt nly is the cncept f 5:2 easy ___2___ (grasp), it’s als a manageable apprach. Gt a client dinner r a birthday lunch? N prblem. “Frm this pint f view, the 5:2 diet is very gd,” says nutritinist Sue Baic. “There’s gd evidence t supprt it. It’s nt fr everyne — say, if yu’ve gt a histry f eating disrders — but generally it fits in with mdern life. And psychlgically, yu knw yu’ re nt being t strict with ___3___.
Hwever, research published in 2005 shwed that fr lng-term weight-lss success, a cnsistent diet apprach was mre successful. Participants wh reprted a cnsistent diet ___4___ the week were 1. 5 times mre likely t maintain their weight within 2.2kg ver the next year than thse wh dieted mre strictly n weekdays. S it ___5___ wrk in the shrt term, but cnsistency, it seems, will keep yu in the healthy eating game fr a lnger time. And a 2014 review by researchers at the University f Illinis fund that daily calrie restrictin is still a mre effective means f lsing weight than fasting. “___6___ (reduce) calrie intake belw energy cnsumptin and yur diet will be successful,” explains Baic. ___7___ yu’ve grasped this, it’s a mental game.
Mindfulness in weight lss is a(n) ___8___ (grw) area f research. It has lng been the thery behind ___9___ (guide) diet plans, which encurage fllwers t attend lcal grups. Accrding t Baic, these have impressive success rates. “Diet prgrammes like Weight Watchers, Slimming Wrld and Rsemary Cnley give really gd, evidence-based advice and ffer supprt, s there’s a psychlgical side t it as well,” she says.
In 2012, Dr Brian Wansink at Crnell University launched the Natinal Mindless Eating Challenge, which examined the difference in behaviur f successful and unsuccessful dieters. Mindfulness, r being aware f ____10____ yu’re eating, was a key factr in the success stries.
Sectin B
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
The Emergence f AI-Pwered Search
The search engine wrld is experiencing a majr transfrmatin as cnversatinal AI technlgy starts t cmpete with traditinal search engines. Fr ver 20 years, Ggle has been the leading search engine, using its advanced algrithms t prvide accurate, relevant answers t users’ questins. This success made Ggle a(n) ____11____ name, turning “t Ggle” int a cmmn phrase and generating billins in advertising incme. Nw, the rise f AI-driven cnversatinal tls, like OpenAI’s ChatGPT, is changing the ____12____ . These tls ffer a different experience frm traditinal keywrd searches by engaging users in human-like dialgues rather than just ____13____ a list f links. ChatGPT and similar technlgies prvide answers in a way that feels mre persnal and insightful.
This technlgical shift pens up new ways fr peple t find infrmatin nline. ChatGPT can handle questins n a wide range f tpics, including cmplex r delicate nes, by ____14____ a cnversatinal tne that cnnects with users. Its appeal lies in its ability t understand cntext, enabling fllw-up questins and a deeper ____15____ int tpics. Respnding t this trend, tech giants are ____16____ the future f search. Micrsft, a key investr in OpenAI, is integrating cnversatinal AI int its search engine, Bing. This integratin includes a sidebar that summarizes results r prvides extra cntext, creating a mre cmprehensive search experience.
As these AI-driven tls ____17____ they challenge the traditinal search mdel. Unlike standard engines that use pre-set algrithms t match keywrds, cnversatinal AI respnds mre ____18____ This trend pushes Ggle t innvate, encuraging it t enhance its interface and integrate AI int its existing system. Such advancing technlgy marks a turning pint in search, where ____19____ prviding infrmatin isn’t enugh. Users nw lk fr a mre interactive, ____20____ experience, and cnversatinal AI may be the answer t meeting that need.
III. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
As children, ur primary surce f supprt cmes frm ur parents. But as we get lder, we start t spend significantly mre time with ____21____, says Kaitlin Flannery, an assciate prfessr in psychlgy at State University f New Yrk Cllege, Crtland. “There’s a different ____22____ that we have with friends; they help us shape ur identity thrughut ur life.”
Flannery pints ut that in its initial stages friendship is built n similarity. “We’ re scial creatures. We want ____23____ ,” says Flannery. “We want apprval frm nt nly ur family, but ur same-agers. And s that’s where friendships start t really becme these essential ____24____ f scial supprt, but als fun and cmpaninship.”
Much f the research n friendship disslutin has fcused n children and adlescents, an age when it is quite cmmn fr friendships t ____25____ . In Flannery’s research, lking at a sample f 354 middle schl students, 86% said they had a friendship end recently. Mst put it dwn t cnflict r a betrayal f trust. Anther predictr was the lack f supprt frm friends, r that they felt they weren’t getting what was needed frm their friends — ____26____ , cmpaninship, r n lnger having fun tgether. The ending f friendships reprtedly stirred ____27____ emtins fr the middle schlers, including sadness, but als happiness and relief, depending n why the disslutin happened, hw it ended, and wh initiated it.
In sme cases, friendships are simply ____28____ frm “best” friend status t “gd” friends. Anther year-lng study f friendship in seventh graders saw that’ nly abut half f “best friendships” remained ____29____ thrughut the schl year. Older adlescents’ friendships are mderately mre cnsistent ver the curse ver the schl year, the research suggests.
Such high schl friendships may ____30____ as friends mve apart fr university and cllege. This may partly be caused by the physical ____31____ that is intrduced between friends. But as yung adults navigate increasingly cmplex scial netwrks, as well as their wn and thers’ expectatins, friendships can als becme less cnsistent.
As in the previus life stages, friendship disslvement is als an pprtunity fr yung adults t practice getting alng with thers. One study fund that peple with a “____32____” mindset abut relatinships — meaning, the belief that relatinships require effrt and can grw and develp — were mre willing t maintain and wrk n their friendships. Others may feel that as their interests change, it is mre rewarding t spend time with ____33____ friends.
But strng friendships can survive and ____34____ t such life changes, research shws. “Whenever I lk at friendship disslutin, my takeaway is there are certain aspects f life that can disrupt friendships, but there are als just as many examples f friendships that have been able t ____35____ these life changes and grw clser,” says Flannery.
21. A. teachersB. parentsC. agentsD. peers
22. A. prblemB. bndC. lessnD. argument
23. A. acceptanceB. assistanceC. attentinD. assciatin
24. A. requirementsB. purpsesC. surcesD. services
25. A. turn ffB. break utC. turn verD. break apart
26. A. n the cntraryB. as a resultC. fr exampleD. in additin
27. A. psitiveB. shallwC. negativeD. cmplex
28. A. heightenedB. exprtedC. dwngradedD. separated
29. A. neutralB. unclearC. weakD. stable
30. A. wrkB. renewC. fadeD. last
31. A. distanceB. featureC. cntactD. develpment
32. A. awarenessB. grwthC. scienceD. humanity
33. A. newB. yungC. adultD. clse
34. A. adaptB. returnC. stickD. bject
35. A. facilitateB. weatherC. assessD. mnitr
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
When peple take with them their wn expectatins abut tipping as they travel arund the wrld, it generates n small amunt f cnfusin. Nrwegians, wh cme frm a culture where wages are high and tips are lw, culd burn thrugh Las Vegas leaving a trail f utrage with their tiny fferings. Meanwhile, high-tipping Americans might ffend everyne in Tky because gd service in Japan is a matter f hnur, as in: “Hw dare yu suggest I be rewarded fr handing yu a plate f sashimi withut drpping it in yur lap?”
We’re all in an embarrassed mess because there’s n cnsistent lgic t any f this Nne!
Tipping, as we knw it, started in Tudr England when nblemen visited each ther’s cuntry hmes and gave extra mney t the servants as a thank-yu fr helping them with their clthing. Hundreds f years later, the traditin has becme ttally randm. A recent study fund that peple are twice as likely t tip a grcery delivery persn than a grcery stre clerk, and rughly twice as likely t tip a waiter than a fast-fd restaurant wrker. Why is that? A paid jb is a paid jb, right? The grcery deliverer is paid t deliver and the grcery clerk is paid t clerk. S tipping ne and nt the ther nly makes sense in terms f what has becme custmary.
N ne expects a tip in much f Sutheast Asia r Australia, beynd saying “keep the change.” Cmpare that t the United States, where restaurant tips f up t 25 percent are nw expected fr very gd service; in Canada, it’s 15 t 20 percent. Smetimes, that t can feel tense. “Even when the server tells yu abut it up frnt, it’s awkward,” ne friend wh encuntered this custm said. “D yu tip mre if they were really gd? What if they weren’t gd?”
It’s enugh t make yur head hurt — but will we sn have t wrry abut tipping with bitcin? I dn’t even understand the ntin f cryptcurrency (数字加密货币), much less hw t use the new tipping apps that are ppping up arund it. Maybe that’s hw peple used t feel abut mney itself, back when they traded gds and services with shells and weapns and rice. Back when there was n tipping.
36. The first paragraph is intended t ______ .
A. emphasize the universal imprtance f tipping
B. illustrate the glbal variatins in tipping practices
C. argue that tipping custms are utdated in certain cultures
D. describe the ecnmic impact f tipping n different cuntries
37. By rigin, a tip was ______ .
A. a custmary part f grcery delivery
B. an expected payment fr essential services
C. a gesture f gratitude frm the upper class
D. a mdern cncept in cryptcurrency transactins
38. What can be learned abut Americans’ tipping practices frm the passage?
A. Americans are used t give tips wherever they g.
B. Americans give fatter tips in restaurants than elsewhere.
C. Americans are generally unwilling but frced t give a tip.
D. Americans mainly tip thse wh prvide very gd service.
39 The authr mentin bitcin when talking abut tipping in rder t ______ .
A. argue that traditinal tipping methds are utdated
B. suggest that cryptcurrency may cmplicate tipping custms
C. criticize the idea f using virtual currency fr everyday purchase
D. emphasize that digital payments have simplified the tipping prcess
(B)
Candy crystals
Watch in awe as yu grw yur wn edible, crunchy, candy crystals.
The lnger yu leave them, the bigger they get!
40. Which f the fllwing prcedures is crrect fr making candy crystals?
① heat the water ② add sugar ③ add clr ④ add skewer ⑤ cl the water
A. ①⑤②③④B. ①②⑤③④C. ①③④②⑤D. ①②③④⑤
41. Why is it imprtant t suspend the wden skewer in the center f the glass, away frm the bttm?
A. T allw the water t leave the slutin mre quickly.
B. T prevent the skewer frm absrbing t much sugar.
C. T make sure the skewer des nt tuch the fd clring.
D. T ensure crystals grw cnsistently n all sides f the skewer.
42. Emma has been grwing candy crystals in her kitchen. After three days, she ntices that the crystals have stpped grwing, and there is a thin film n the surface f the slutin. What shuld she d next t encurage further crystal grwth?
A. Stir the slutin.B. Place the jar in a cler area.
C. Remve the film.D. Add mre water t the slutin.
(C)
Emtinal manipulatin (情感操控) has been referred t as the dark side f emtinal intelligence by psychlgical scientist Elizabeth Austin at the University f Edinburgh. But what des that mean? Austin and her clleagues created the Emtinal Manipulatin Scale in 2007. Accrding t the scale, peple wh are high n emtinal manipulatin say yes t behaving in ways that have n bvius negative cnsequences such as “I knw hw t embarrass smene t stp them behaving in a particular way”, and “I knw hw t play tw peple ff against each ther”.
Less bviusly negative behaviurs can als result in a high scre, including agreeing with statements like “I can pay smene cmpliments t get in their gd bks”, and “I am gd at reassuring peple s that they’re mre likely t g alng with what I say”. The researchers als fund that the higher peple scred n the Emtinal Manipulatin Scale the higher they scred n Machiavellianism, a trait that includes being cld, mrally indifferent, and manipulative.
Framing manipulatin as a bad thing that is nly dne by bad peple is, hwever, incrrect. There are many reasns why peple want t massage a scial situatin s that it wrks ut well fr themselves that dn’t result in negative cnsequences fr thers. Self-interest can agree with the interest f thers and can lead t prscial (亲社会的) behaviur. Fr example, smetimes I d things t make ther peple feel gd because I knw it will make me feel gd. It’s win-win.
This cmplexity is als what Austin and clleagues shwcased when in 2013 they created the Managing the Emtins f Others Scale n the basis f their riginal scale
Mving frm the term “manipulatin” t “managing” encurages a different way f talking abut this type f behaviur. The mst recent shrt versin f the Managing the Emtins f Others Scale was published in 2018 by Austin and clleagues. It breaks dwn the diversity f ways in which peple try t emtinally manage peple int five types. The first tw are generally prscial, the third and furth are nn-prscial, and the fifth is cnsidered neutral.
Enhancing: strategically ffering help, reassurance, r shwing understanding t imprve smene’s md.
Diverting: being psitive r using humur t imprve smene’s md.
Wrsening: using criticism r negative cmments, undermining cnfidence, r being angry t gain smething.
Being inauthentic: flattering smene, sulking r guilt-tripping t get what yu want.
Cncealing: hiding hw yu really feel, particularly hiding negative emtins.
43. Accrding t the passage, what is the primary fcus f the Emtinal Manipulatin Scale?
A. Measuring the mral implicatins f emtinally manipulative behavirs.
B. Defining the prscial aspects f emtinal manipulatin in a mdern way.
C. Identifying behavirs assciated with manipulating thers’ emtins psitively.
D. Assessing tendencies tward emtinal manipulatin thrugh certain behavirs.
44. What can be learned abut thse scring high n the Emtinal Manipulatin Scale?
A. They are mre likely t shw their sympathy.
B. They may well lack a sense f mral cncern.
C. They may well fcus primarily n prscial behavir.
D. They are likely t avid using humr in scial interactins.
45. Why did Austin and clleagues create the Managing the Emtins f Others Scale in 2013?
A. T shift t a brader understanding f emtinal influence.
B. T replace the previus scale with a mre accurate measure.
C. T emphasize the negative cnsequences f emtinal manipulatin.
D. T lead peple t pay mre attentin t emtinal management skills.
46. Which f the fllwing is an example f “diverting”?
A. At a tense family dinner, yu tell a funny stry t lighten the md.
B. When yur sister is frustrated, yu hide yur stress t keep her calm.
C. After a disagreement, yu give yur friend a cmpliment t make things right.
D. Yu remind a cwrker f his gd wrk when he is upset abut missing a deadline.
Sectin C
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the sentences given belw. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Why lw prices can scare ff custmers
Despite all the great deals n Black Friday, it turns ut cheaper isn’t always better. New research suggests that lw prices can backfire fr retailers, as cnsumers may interpret them as a sign f lw-quality prducts. ____47____ Which thery cnsumers fllw depends n what shppers think abut when making their decisin t buy a prduct.
“The bttm line f ur research is that peple can hld tw ppsing beliefs abut a prduct,” said Steve Psavac, Prfessr in Marketing at Vanderbilt University. “In the case f price, mst peple believe that lw prices mean gd value and that lw prices mean lw quality at the same time. ____48____”
“Cnsumers rarely have cmplete infrmatin. They use varius strategies t fill the gaps in their knwledge as they cnsider and chse prducts.” said Psavac and his c-authrs. “One f these strategies invlves using naive theries: infrmal, cmmn sense, explanatins that cnsumers use t make sense f their envirnment. ”
____49____ In the research, when the quality f a prduct was marketed, cnsumers lked mre favrably upn mre expensive prducts. Hwever, when cmpanies fcused n value, a cheap prduct was rated mre highly in the pinin f cnsumers.
“A cmpany may implement an everyday lw-pricing strategy that manages t reduce brand value and push cnsumers away, if many f them believe that lw prices equal lw quality,” said Psavac. “____50____ Cmpanies design a strategy by assuming that a certain naive thery is ging t drive cnsumer evaluatin and chice when, in fact, several naive theries are available t the cnsumer. ”
A. But these tw beliefs are nt equally present in cnsumers’ minds all the time.
B. Buyers are mre likely t buy nw if they see a single large price decrease n a series f smaller price increases.
C. Cmpanies can help t influence hw cnsumers feel abut lw prices by imprving marketing strategies.
D. Hwever, the researchers als fund that cnsumers als see cheap prices as a sign f a great deal.
E. Over the years, custmers have becme s used t sales that they n lnger believe they were getting a gd deal.
F. While large numbers f cnsumers are seeking ut the lwest prices as a way t save mney, it’s nt necessarily a race.
III. Summary Writing
51. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize in n mre than 60 wrds the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
The Silent Crridr Debate
At a secndary schl in Lndn, a new rule requires students t remain silent in the crridrs between classes, aiming t create a quieter, mre disciplined envirnment. The schl believes that minimizing nise during transitin times helps students maintain fcus and encurages a sense f rder, ultimately leading t better academic perfrmance. Hwever, this rule has received mixed reactins.
Supprters f the rule argue that silence in the crridrs can significantly reduce distractins. Nise frm talking students can carry int classrms, particularly in pen-plan layuts, disturbing thse wh are already fcused n their wrk. By enfrcing quiet crridrs, the schl hpes t prmte an envirnment where students can stay calm and fcused thrughut the day. Mrever, prpnents argue that this plicy teaches students valuable skills such as self-discipline and respect fr rules, which are beneficial nt nly in schl but als in their future prfessinal and persnal lives.
On the ther hand, critics believe that banning students frm talking in the crridrs is verly restrictive and can have negative effects n their scial develpment. They argue that schl is nt just a place fr academic learning but als an envirnment where students develp scial skills. Brief cnversatins in the crridrs ffer students a chance t cnnect with their peers, share ideas, and even seek help with subjects they find challenging. Critics wrry that rigid silence plicies make schls feel t cntrlled, ptentially dampening students’ enthusiasm and turning the learning envirnment int smething that feels mre like a prisn than a place f grwth and discvery.
This debate raises a larger questin abut discipline in schls: shuld they enfrce strict rules fr silence t imprve fcus, r allw sme scial interactin, even if it means mre nise? Finding the right balance is challenging. In the end, each schl may decide based n its gals and values, weighing the benefits f quiet fcus against the imprtance f scial cnnectins and student well- being.
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IV. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
52. 数字化工具在建筑行业的应用越来越广泛。（there be）(汉译英)
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53. 无论游玩还是学习，孩子和家长都能在这里各取所需。（whether）(汉译英)
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54. 心怀对中国历史和哲学的崇敬之情，这位葡萄牙作家盼望着有朝一日能去中国看看。（lk）(汉译英)
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55. 如今，风筝赛早已不仅仅是展示技艺、传承文化的平台，更是推动文化体育事业繁荣发展的重要契机。（mre than）(汉译英)
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V. Guided Writing
56. Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，在学校英语报上读到一则主题为“新年计划”的征文启事（如下所示），你有意投稿，根据启事中的要求写一篇文章。
We Want t Hear Abut Yur New Year’s Reslutins!
Did yu make a New Year’s Reslutin? Smetimes we fllw them, but smetimes we give up. Email us at nyr@233. cm t tell us abut what reslutins yu’ve made fr the New Year and why yu kept it r gave it up! Yur stry might inspire smene else, s please share it with us.
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A. dive B. emplying C. identical D. husehld E. landscape F. merely
G. naturally H. presenting I. prgress J. respnsive K. rethinking
Yu will need
·Tall, narrw,
clean glass r jar
·1 cup f water
·2-3 cups f sugar
·Fd cluring
·Wden skewer（扦子）
·Clthing peg（衣夹）
·Saucepan
Instructins
1. Heat the water in a saucepan ver a lw heat until it is ht enugh.
2. Slwly add the sugar, stirring cnstantly, making sure that it fully disslves in the water befre adding mre.
3. Keep adding the sugar until the water starts t lk cludy. This is the pint where n mre will disslve. Yu shuld end up with sme leftver sugar.
4. Remve the pan frm the heat and allw t cl.
5. Wet skewer with water, then rll it in the leftver sugar. Leave fr a few minutes t dry.
6. Once the sugar slutin has cled, pur it int the glass r jar and add fd cluring.
7. Clip the clthes peg nt the wden skewer. Use the peg t suspend the skewer in the centre f the glass, s it’s hanging in the liquid. The bttm f the skewer shuld be apprximately 2cm frm the bttm f the glass. This way, crystals can frm evenly arund the skewer. Leave the glass where it will nt be disturbed.
8. The crystals shuld frm after three days and will cntinue t grw.
9. Yu can help yur candy crystals t grw by checking fr, and remving, any film that frms n the surface f the slutin.
10. When yu are happy with the size f yur candy crystals, remve frm the slutin and allw t dry fr a cuple f hurs befre eating.
The science behind it…
If yu pur a spnful f sugar int a glass f cld water and stir, the sugar will disslve. Eventually, if yu keep adding sugar t the water it will stp disslving. Hwever, if the water is heated, mre sugar can be frced t disslve in the water, creating what is called a ‘supersaturated slutin’. As the water cls, the supersaturated slutin becmes unstable since it cntains mre sugar than it can hld. The sugar then starts t cme ut f the slutin and refrms as slid sugar crystals. As it takes less energy fr the sugar crystal s t frm n tp f ther crystals than t frm n their wn in the slutin, the sugar-rlled skewers act as seeds fr the new crystals t grw. As the sugar slutin cls and water dries up, mre sugar leaves the slutin, causing the crystals t grw larger.