2026年中考英语语法复习讲练：There be 句型（重难点、易错点 中考模拟 强化训练）（全国通用）

这是一份2026年中考英语语法复习讲练：There be 句型（重难点、易错点 中考模拟 强化训练）（全国通用），共13页。试卷主要包含了 定义， 否定句和疑问句的构成等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一部分：定义与核心概念——理解“存在”与“拥有”的本质区别
一、 定义
There be 句型是英语中表示 “存在” 关系的核心句型，用于说明“某时”或“某地”存在“某人”或“某物”。句子的逻辑主语是“存在”的人或物。
中文意思： “有……”。
核心结构： There + be + 主语 + 地点/时间状语.
功能： 描述一个静态的场景、环境或客观事实。
二、 There be vs. have/ has：最根本的区分
这是学生最先接触也最容易混淆的点。关键在于主语和关系的不同。
【概念强化练习】 选词填空（There is/There are/have/has）：
1. I ______ a new bike.
2. ______ a new bike in the yard.
3. They ______ a big garden.
4. ______ a big garden behind their huse.
5. This rm ______ tw windws.
6. ______ tw windws in this rm.
第二部分：重点与用法——掌握“就近原则”和“时态变化”
Be动词的单复数变化：就近原则！
这是There be句型最核心、最重要的规则，也是中考必考点。
规则：be动词的单复数形式必须和它后面紧跟的第一个主语（名词）保持一致。
1. There is + 单数主语 / 不可数名词
There is a bk n the desk.
There is sme water in the bttle.
There is an apple and tw ranges in the basket. (就近：an apple)
2. There are + 复数主语
There are many bks n the shelf.
There are tw ranges and an apple in the basket. (就近：tw ranges)
二、 各种时态形式
There be句型通过各种时态来表达不同时间存在的状态。变化只体现在be动词上。
1. 一般现在时 (Present Simple): There is / There are
There is a teacher in the classrm nw.
2. 一般过去时 (Past Simple): There was / There were
There was a teacher in the classrm an hur ag.
3. 一般将来时 (Future Simple):
There will be... （将来会有……）
There will be a meeting tmrrw.
There is/are ging t be... （计划或打算会有……）
There is ging t be a ftball match this weekend.
(注意：是There is ging t be，不是have!)
4. 现在完成时 (Present Perfect): There has been... / There have been...
表示从过去某时持续到现在存在的状态或影响。
There has been great change in my hmetwn. （我的家乡发生了巨大变化。）
There have been many accidents n this rad. （这条路上出过很多事故。）
三、 否定句和疑问句的构成
1. 否定句 (Negative Sentences)：
结构：There + be + nt (+ any) + 主语 ...
在be动词后直接加nt，可缩写为isn't/aren't/wasn't/weren't。
肯定句中的sme，在否定句中通常要变为any。
There is nt (isn't) any milk in the glass.
There are nt (aren't) any students in the classrm.
2. 一般疑问句 (General Questins)：
结构：Be + there (+ any) + 主语
将be动词提到there之前。句首大写，句尾用问号。
Is there a park near here?
— Yes, there is. / N, there isn't.
Are there any apples n the tree?
— Yes, there are. / N, there aren't.
3. 特殊疑问句 (Special Questins)：
结构：特殊疑问词 + be + there
针对主语提问：What is there in the bx?
针对数量提问：Hw many students are there in yur class?
针对地点提问：Where is there a pst ffice?
【用法强化练习】
练习一： 用正确的be动词形式填空。
1. There ______ a pen and sme bks n the desk.
2. There ______ sme bks and a pen n the desk.
3. There ______ sme water in the bttle.
4. There ______ a lt f peple in the park yesterday.
5. ______ there a library near yur schl? Yes, there ______.
6. There ______ (nt) any students in the playgrund nw.
7. There ______ an English party next Mnday.
8. There ______ great changes in my hmetwn in the past ten years.
练习二： 句型转换。
1. There is sme juice in the glass. (改为否定句)
→ _________________________________________
2. There are sme pictures n the wall. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)
→ _________________________________________?
→ Yes, _________. / N, _________.
3. There was a meeting this mrning. (改为一般疑问句)
→ _________________________________________?
4. There are fifty students in ur class. (对划线部分提问)
→ _________________________________________?
第三部分：难点与易错点——突破学习瓶颈
难点一：sme 和 any 的深度辨析
sme：用于肯定句中，表示“一些”，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。
There are sme apples n the tree.
any：用于否定句和疑问句中，表示“任何”，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。
There aren't any apples n the tree.
Are there any apples n the tree?
“希望得到肯定回答”的例外：在表示请求、建议、邀请或期望对方给予肯定回答的疑问句中，用sme。
Culd yu give me sme water? (表请求)
Wuld yu like sme apples? (表邀请)
难点二：修饰主语的形容词位置——“有很多”怎么说？
错误：There have many students. (受中文“有”字影响)
正确：There are many students.
规则：There be + 数量词/修饰词 + 主语
数量词：a, ne, tw, many, a few, several...
修饰词：sme, any, n, a lt f, lts f, plenty f...
例句：There is a lt f water.
There are many bks.
There is n milk. (= There isn't any milk.)
难点三： 注意There be句型中地点状语的位置。在变否定句和疑问句时，地点状语通常保留不变。
(原句) There is a bird in the tree.
(疑问) Is there a bird in the tree?
(否定) There isn't a bird in the tree.
【难点突破练习】 改正句中的错误。
1. There have a map n the wall.
2. There are much water in the lake.
3. There isn't sme bread n the plate.
4. Hw many student are there in yur class?
5. Are there a pen in the bx?
第四部分：综合应用与真题演练
【三年内中考真题训练】
1. (2023 • 北京) — ______ there any interesting news in tday's newspaper?
— N, there ______.
A. Is; isn't B. Are; aren't C. Is; aren't D. Are; isn't
2. (2022 • 上海) Lk! There ______ a pair f glasses n the bk. It must be ur teacher's.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
3. (2023 • 广州) — What's in yur hand?
— Lk! There ______ sme beautiful flwers fr yu.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
4. (2022 • 深圳) There ______ great changes in Shenzhen in the past ten years.
A. are B. were C. will be D. have been
5. (2021 • 天津) There ______ an English speech cntest next mnth.
A. will have B. is ging t have C. will be D. is
第五部分：满分100分强化训练
一、 单项选择 (共15题，每题3分，共45分)
1. There ______ a pencil bx and many bks in her backpack.
A. have B. has C. is D. are
2. ______ there a map f China n the wall?
A. Is B. Are C. Have D. Has
3. There ______ sme bread n the plate. Yu can eat it.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
4. There ______ an English party this weekend.
A. will have B. is ging t have C. will be D. is ging t be
5. — Are there ______ students in the hall?
— N, there aren't ______.
A. sme; sme B. any; any C. sme; any D. any; sme
6. There ______ a lt f rain in this area every summer.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
7. — What's behind the dr?
— There ______ a brm behind it.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
8. ______ there any restaurants near here?
A. Be B. Is C. Are D. Am
9. There ______ a ftball match n TV tnight.
A. will have B. is ging t be C. has D. is ging t have
10. Hw many teachers ______ ______ in yur schl?
A. is there B. are there C. there is D. there are
11. There ______ a cmputer n every student's desk in the future.
A. will have B. will be C. is D. are
12. — Wuld yu like sme cffee?
— N, thanks. There ______ still sme in my cup.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
13. There ______ nt enugh peple t pick apples last autumn.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
14. There ______ a talk abut science in ur schl tmrrw afternn.
A. will have B. will be C. is having D. has
15. Lng lng ag, there ______ a very ld temple n the tp f the muntain.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
二、 句型转换 (共5题，每题5分，共25分)
1. There is sme water in the bttle. (改为否定句)
_________________________________________________________.
2. There are sme parks in the city. (改为一般疑问句并做否定回答)
_________________________________________________________?
N, _______________.
3. There was a tall building here in 2000. (用in 2023改写句子)
There _______________ a tall building here in 2023.
4. The bks are n the shelf. (用There be句型改写)
_________________________________________________________ n the shelf.
a, there, desk, cmputer, is, the, n (连词成句)
_________________________________________________________.
三、 翻译句子 (共5题，每题6分，共30分)
1. 冰箱里有一些鸡蛋和蔬菜。
_________________________________________________________.
2. 三年前，这里没有医院。
____________________________________________three years ag.
下周将会有一场篮球赛。
___________________________________________next week.
4. 你的城市里有多少所中学？
__________________________________________ in yur city?
5. 杯子里没有牛奶了。
________________________________________ in the cup.
答案与解析
【概念强化练习】答案
1. have 2. There is 3. have 4. There is 5. has 6. There are
解析：区分“拥有”(have/has)和“存在”(There be)。
【用法强化练习】答案
练习一:
1. is (就近原则) 2. are (就近原则) 3. is (水不可数) 4. were (过去时，人复数)
5. Is; is (图书馆单数) 6. aren't (学生复数) 7. will be / is ging t be (将来时)
8. have been (in the past ten years用现在完成时，changes复数)
练习二:
1. There isn't any juice in the glass. (sme变any)
2. Are there any pictures n the wall?; there are; there aren't
3. Was there a meeting this mrning?
4. Hw many students are there in yur class?
【难点突破练习】答案
1. have → is (表示存在用There is)
2. are → is (water不可数)
3. sme → any (否定句用any)
4. student → students (hw many后接复数)
5. Are → Is (a pen单数)
【中考真题训练】答案与解析
1. A (news是不可数名词，用Is 否定回答用isn't.)
2. A (a pair f... 是一个整体，视作单数主语，用is.)
3. B (flwers是复数名词，用are.)
4. D (时间状语in the past ten years是“近十年”，用现在完成时has/have been。changes是复数，用have been.)
5. C (时间状语next mnth表将来，There be句型的将来时是There will be或There is ging t be.)
【强化训练】答案与解析
一、 单项选择
1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. B
11. B 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C
解析：
1. 就近原则，a pencil bx是单数。
3. bread不可数。
4. 将来时，There is ging t be...
5. 疑问句和否定句中用any。
6. rain不可数。
10. 特殊疑问句结构：Hw many + 复数名词 + are
12. cffee不可数，用is。
13. last autumn过去时，peple是复数，否定用were nt。
14. tmrrw afternn表将来，用will be。
15. Lng lng ag表过去，temple是单数，用was。
二、 句型转换
1. There isn't any water in the bttle.
2. — Are there any parks in the city? — there aren't.
3. will be / is ging t be
4. There are sme bks
5. There is a cmputer n the desk.
三、 翻译句子
1. There are sme eggs and vegetables in the fridge.
2. There wasn't a hspital here
3. There will be a basketball match
4. Hw many middle schls are there
5. There isn't any milk特征
There be句型
have/ has动词
中文意思
有（存在）
有（拥有）
核心含义
表示“在某地方有…”，强调事物的存在性。
表示“某人有…”，强调所属关系。
主语
主语是存在的人或物之后的“地点/时间”是状语。
主语是拥有者（人或物）。
例句
There is a bk n the desk.
（存在一本书在桌上。）
I have a bk.
（我拥有一本书。）
例句分析
真正的主语是a bk，n the desk是地点状语。
主语是I，a bk是宾语。
转换理解
On the desk, there is a bk.
(不能转换)