湖北省鄂东南省级示范高中2025-2026学年高二上学期开学英语试题（含解析）

这是一份湖北省鄂东南省级示范高中2025-2026学年高二上学期开学英语试题（含解析），共16页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Best Walking Turs in Lndn
Lndn is ne f the mst walkable capital cities in the wrld. Peple may think yu’ re mad if yu d lace up yur sneakers — here are Lndn’s best walking turs fr yur next visit. drive a car arund twn. Besides, nthing quite lets yu get t knw a city like a gd walk arund. S, lace up yur sneakers — here are Lndn’s best walking turs fr yur next visit.
Tur fr Muggles
This is a can’t-miss trip in England. The tur starts near Lndn Bridge subway statin and mves n t lcatins used in the Harry Ptter films (and several bk lcatins). There’s ne subway ride (LndnBridge t Westminster) but therwise it’s all n ft. Grups are capped t 20 and accept turists f all ages.
Jermyn Street Fashin Walk
A seriusly prfessinal private tur t match yur preferences. Grups are recmmended n larger than eight, and it’s all dne n ft. Mst f the guides, wh lead the Jermyn Street walk, have a backgrund f art, histry r fashin, and ne even trained as a tailr.
Histric Pubs, Fd & Beer Tur
Think f this as a walk with friends rather than a tur (grups are capped at 12). Yu meet at a best selfie spt — at Rtherhithe, verlking the Thames — then catch the vergrund train t the pubs. By reservatin nly. Five f Lndn’s mst histric pubs in fur hurs is nt an easy but wrthwhile task.
East End Walks
East End Walks is a cllectin f 15 turs run by ne man, David Rsenberg. The turs cver the scial histry f the traditinally wrking class area. Grups are capped at 30. Yu meet near the subway statin. Rsenberg, whse grandparents mved t the East End as children, lves the area and its scial histry a lt — it hlds the stry f the wrking class, which is rarely tld.
1．Which tur best suits peple wh are interested in the histry f the wrking class?
A．Tur fr MugglesB．Jermyn Street Fashin Walk
C．East End WalksD．Histric Pubs, Fd & Beer Tur
2．What d the fur walking turs have in cmmn?
A．They limit the number f a grup.B．They have prfessinal guides.
C．They are private turs t yur preference.D．They recmmend reservatin in advance.
3．Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A．A news reprt.B．A travel brchure.
C．A gegraphic magazine.D．A histry textbk.
Where des the meat n ur table cme frm? It usually cmes frm livestck like chickens and cws. But did yu knw that meat can als be made in a lab? US cmpany JUST has annunced that lab-grwn meat culd be n sme restaurant menus in the United States and Asia by the end f 2018, The Independent reprted.
“These meats include chicken nuggets (鸡块), sausage and fie gras (鹅肝酱),” Jsh Tetrick, CEO f JUST, tld The Independent. Lab meat is smetimes referred t as “clean meat”. It is made using the stem cells (干细胞) f living livestck. The cells need t be grwn in a lab fr a few weeks. Fr example, making a hamburger patty (肉饼) takes abut nine weeks, CNN reprted. This is faster than raising a cw, which usually takes ver 20 weeks.
The first clean meat was a beef burger that was prduced in 2013, but it was said t taste quite dry. Hw des clean meat taste nw? Clean meat supprters tld CNN that they think it tastes just like traditinal meat.
Clean meat has ther advantages. It is healthier than traditinal meat. Meat prducers can cntrl what type f fat ges int the meat. They can prduce clean meat that cntains healthy fats, such as mega-3 fatty acids (脂肪酸). This kind f fat is gd fr peple’s hearts.
Clean meat can als help t slve glbal warming. Accrding t The Washingtn Pst, abut 14.5 percent f the planet’s greenhuse gas emissins (排放) cme frm raising livestck. That’s mre than the emissins frm every car, train, ship and airplane in the wrld cmbined. It is predicted that switching t clean meat culd lwer greenhuse gas emissins by 96 percent, The Independent reprted.
4．Where may the meat we eat cme frm in future?
A．Cmpanies.B．Greenhuses.C．Labs.D．Restaurants.
5．What can be used t make “clean meat”?
A．Stem cells.B．Fatty acids.
C．Hamburger patties.D．Chicken nuggets.
6．What is the advantage f clean meat?
A．It is fatty.B．It is healthy.C．It is free.D．It is smelly.
7．What d we knw abut clean meat frm the last paragraph?
A．It cmes frm livestck.B．It can be switched ff.
C．It results in glbal warming.D．It benefits envirnment.
Having lived in Califrnia until 1970, my family has felt a number f earthquakes. We have been frtunate, hwever, t have suffered n bdily harm r prperty damage.
There is a website that lists all Califrnian earthquakes recrded frm 1769 t the present. The site lists the dates and time as well as the magnitude (震级) and the exact lcatin f any earthquake that measured mre than 6.0. There are nly a few earthquakes that stand ut in my memry and, luckily, nne is shwn in the website. S, my persnal experience with earthquakes might be cnsidered insignificant.
There are three earthquakes that are difficult t frget. The first ne was in 1955 and ur ldest daughter was walking with me in ur backyard in Redwd City in Califrnia. As the shaking became strnger, I held her t me with ne arm as I held n t ne f ur fruit trees with the ther. All three f us (my daughter, I and the tree) shk fr tw r three minutes that t us felt like hurs.
The secnd ne was in 1963. Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Suthern Califrnia. The earth started t shake just as we were beginning t walk frm ur htel twards the famus landmark.
My third experience with an earthquake was a lnely ne in Califrnia. It was in my sixties and I was alne in an ld church. As the building started t shake, I quickly headed fr the dr t g utside. I remember I said a few prayers—smething like “Help me get ut f here in time, dear Heavenly Father.” Minutes later, I was safe utside.
8．The authr writes the passage mainly t tell us abut ________.
A．a new film abut an earthquakeB．hw t survive an earthquake
C．his three earthquake experiencesD．hw t save children in an earthquake
9．The earthquakes the authr experienced ________.
A．all caused bdily harmB．are all recrded in a website
C．all measured mre than 6.0D．all happened in Califrnia
10．When the first earthquake happened, the authr ________.
A．was staying with his daughterB．was planting fruit trees
C．was hlding n t a tree fr hursD．was in a htel
11．What des the underlined part “the famus landmark” refer t?
A．A church.B．Disneyland.
C．A building destryed by an earthquake.D．The place where the authr was brn.
What makes preschlers eat their vegetables? Raise their hand? Wait their turn? “Because I say s” is a cmment that parents ften repeat. But when it cmes t getting kids t behave, a recent study by Duke University researchers suggests that the vice f adult authrity isn’t the nly thing that matters. Arund age three, fitting in with the grup starts t cunt big t.
T understand what cause preschlers t fall in line, the researchers cnducted a test in a lab, where they invited 3.5-year-lds t help set up fr a pretend tea party. Each f the 104 children was given a blue sticker（贴纸）t wear at the start f the study, and tld that the peple with that clr sticker were part f the same team. Next the researchers watched as the children decided amng different kinds f teas, snacks, cups and plates fr the tea party, first n their wn and then after listening t the chices f ther team members.
Smetimes the ther team members cnsidered their chice as a matter f persnal preference (“Fr my tea party tday, I feel like using this snack.”) Other times they presented it as a need shared by the whle grup. (“Fr ur tea parties tday, we always use this kind f snack.”)
After listening t the chices f thers, mst f the time the children stuck with their first chice. In ther wrds, children wh had said they felt like using, say, the ckie finally picked the ckie n matter what the ther persn said they were using. But 23% f the time the children changed their chice t accept smene else’s. And when they did, they were mre likely t g alng with the ther persn when a chice was presented as a grup need rather than just a persnal preference. The finding held up even when the ther persn was anther child, nt an adult.
12．What’s the recent study mainly abut?
A．Parent training.B．Scial rules.
C．Child behavir.D．Eating habits.
13．What des the underlined wrd “fall in line” refer t in paragraph 2?
A．Stand in a line.B．Jin the grup.
C．Listen t the parents.D．Attend a party.
14．What made children accept thers’ chice?
A．The cmmn need.B．The advice f adults.
C．The delicius ckie.D．The individual preference.
15．Which f the fllwing is suitable title fr the text?
A．Adults Are Lsing Their Authrity
B．3-Year-Olds Want t Fit int the Grup.
C．Children Are Nt Brn Knwing What t D
D．Kids Are Acting Out f a Sense f Cpying Adults.
I have cllected sme examples that shuld be an inspiratin t anyne wh desires t be successful. They shw that if yu want t succeed yu shuld expect failure alng the way. I actually believe that failure can encurage yu n and make yu try even harder. 16 The Truly successful things wn’t be beaten, they take respnsibility fr failure, learn frm it and start all ver frm a strnger psitin.
Walt Disney — ne f the greatest business leaders wh created the glbal Disney empire f film studis, theme parks and cnsumer prducts didn’t start ff successful. 17 Believe it r nt, Walt was fired frm an early jb at the Kansas City Star Newspaper because he was nt creative enugh! In 1922 he started his first cmpany called Laugh-O-Gram. The Kansas based n business wuld prduce cartns and shrt advertising films. 18 Walt didn’t give up, he packed up, went t Hllywd and started The Walt Disney Cmpany.
Bill Gates-c-funder and chairman f Micrsft set up a business called Traf-O-Data. The partnership between him, Paul Allen and Paul Gilbert was based n a gd idea but a flawed business mdel that left the cmpany with few custmers. 19 Hwever, Bill Gates and Paul Allen tk what they learned and avided thse mistakes when they created the Micrsft empire.
20 I hpe that these are inspiratin and mtivatin fr everyne wh aspires t be successful in whatever way they chse. D yu agree r disagree with me?
A．S, the ne thing successful peple never d is: Give up!
B．In 1923, the business went bankrupt.
C．He was greatly depressed.
D．Every experience f failure increases the hunger fr success.
E．The cmpany ran up lsses between 1974 and 1980 befre it was clsed.
F．Many factrs may affect yur success.
G．Befre the great success came a number f failures.
二、完形填空
Jane was a girl wh wanted t d smething in the wrld. One day, she sat dwn in frnt f an empty canvas (画布) and began t 21 . Every strke (笔画) was mre perfect than the last, slwly mving twards a(n) 22 wrk.
Obviusly Jane had a 23 fr painting. But a few mments after she finished painting, she gt 24 and quickly std up. Jane thught there was s much mre in the wrld t see and d. If she finally decided t d smething else in life, then all the time she spent painting wuld be a 25 . S she walked ut f the dr.
While walking, she was 26 in an imprtant decisin she fund t hard t make because she had s many 27 . Shuld she practice medicine, design buildings, r teach children? She was abslutely cnfused.
Frty years later, Jane began t cry. After trying the endless 28 , she hadn’t dne anything 29 at all. Her yuth wuld never 30 . Eventually, Jane learned life is abut making a crrect decisin timely and 31 unhesitatingly. S the girl, wh was n lnger a girl, bught sme canvases and paints frm a lcal stre and 32 painting thrugh the day and int the night.
Many f us are still 33 trying t “find ur passin” — smething we believe will finally lead us clser t happiness and success. Hwever, the 34 is, ur passin cmes frm ding things right — live mre 35 frm tday and experience small psitive changes.
21．A．paintB．thinkC．writeD．print
22．A．differentB．excellentC．uniqueD．rmantic
23．A．desireB．reasnC．giftD．respnsibility
24．A．tiredB．prudC．surprisedD．anxius
25．A．jyB．chanceC．wasteD．success
26．A．caughtB．buriedC．interestedD．experienced
27．A．ptinsB．difficultiesC．regretsD．trubles
28．A．experimentsB．risksC．challengesD．pssibilities
29．A．frtunateB．rdinaryC．meaningfulD．necessary
30．A．changeB．returnC．replyD．hide
31．A．carrying nB．catching nC．making upD．turning up
32．A．rememberedB．beganC．finishedD．imagined
33．A．impatientlyB．unexpectedlyC．ccasinallyD．cntinuusly
34．A．purpseB．prmiseC．truthD．hpe
35．A．willinglyB．passinatelyC．peacefullyD．freely
三、语法填空
语法填空
Firewrks began in ancient China befre spreading West. The thinking ges 36 smene living in China arund the first century B．C． 37 (thrw) a piece f bamb n a fire and it explded with a bang. Bamb stalks (节) cntain air pckets that can expand and blw up in extreme heat. Chinese travelers wuld carry bamb n jurneys in case they needed t create 38 lud nise t scare away wild animals.
The next majr develpment came arund the ninth century, when gunpwder was invented. Chinese prducers laded up bamb stalks with gunpwder 39 (create) perhaps the wrld’s first manufactured firewrks, and later began using paper tubes as well. These were emplyed t ward ff evil spirits and celebrate births and weddings. By the 12th century, firewrks were being lit 40 entertainment purpses in China’s imperial curt. Arund the 14th century, primitive firewrks then made their way t Eurpe, 41 Italian artists cnstructed displays like theatrical sets called “machines” and set ff firewrks inside them.
Firewrks became far 42 (cmplex) thanks t advances in chemistry. The 19th century saw ptassium chlrate (a chemical) 43 (use) t bring ut brilliant clrs in firewrks, such as red and green, and enhance their 44 (bright).
Over the years, innvatins in technlgy led t sme curius suggestins fr 45 firewrks culd help slve mdern prblems. Whalers experimented with rcket- pwered harpns (鱼叉) in the late 1800s, and inventr Gerhard Zucker attempted t use pyrtechnic rckets t deliver mail in the 1930s.
Nw pyrtechnic amusements have becme a glbal phenmenn and almst the accepted way big events are celebrated.
四、书信写作
46．假定你是李华，你们学校正在举办主题为“用外语讲好中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位做出杰出贡献的当代中国科学家为题，写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.人物简介及事迹;
2.意义或启示。
注意：1.词数80词左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An Outstanding Chinese Scientist I Admire
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
When starting my sixth-grade year, I was nervus abut many things. But nthing cmpared t the prblem that I gt t the age where my vice started changing. At first, the vice getting deep excited me. But then I learned befre getting deeper, it can crack (变嘶哑).
The first time it happened I was s embarrassed. Surprisingly, my friends didn’t make fun f me. In fact, they didn’t even mentin it. But in my self-cnscius sixth-grade mind I was certain they made fun f me behind my back. They weren’t having the same prblem.
After my first vice crack experience, I was determined t make sure it wuldn’t happen again. At least nt in public. S, except fr strategic times I said, “cl” and “yeah”, I didn’t talk. My lgic was, “If I dn’t use my vice, it cannt crack.” Hwever, I culdn’t g withut talking frever. I needed a new slutin.
I began clearing my thrat befre speaking, which actually seemed t help. Limiting hw much I spke and clearing my vice made me much less stressful. This was great but there was a larger prblem. I was much mre scared abut having a vice crack during class. My class had many new kids I’d never spken with. I didn’t want their first impressins f me t be based n a vice crack.
Unfrtunately, ne day my cncern came true. It was abut tw mnths after the beginning f the term. On the day it happened everything was the same as always until I gt int the classrm. I nticed that we had a substitute teacher (代课老师) and immediately started thinking abut hw he wuld take attendance. My permanent teacher never had t, since he already knew each student, I panicked. S many thughts rushed thrugh my mind that I culdn’t think straight. I calmed myself dwn by telling myself that I nly had t say ne wrd “Here”. “Easy enugh, right?” I thught s until my name was called. I did my rutine — cleared my thrat, tk a breath, and said, “Here.” The nly prblem was that while saying this, I had the wrst vice crack in the histry f vice cracks.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The whle class turned t lk at me.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Yu knw, the vice prblem yu met in class is nrmal,” a classmate came t me and said.
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《湖北省鄂东南省级示范高中2025-2026学年高二上学期开学英语试题》参考答案
1．C 2．A 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。伦敦是世界上最适合步行的首都城市之一。文章介绍了四大伦敦最好的徒步旅行。
1．细节理解题。根据East End Walks部分的“The turs cver the scial histry f the traditinally wrking class area.(这些旅游涵盖了传统工人阶级地区的社会历史)”可知，对工人阶级历史感兴趣的人们最适合去East End Walks。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Grups are capped t 20 and accept turists f all ages.(团体人数上限为20人，并接受所有年龄段的游客)”，第三段的“Grups are recmmended n larger than eight, and it’s all dne n ft.(团体旅游建议不超过8人，全程步行)”，第四段的“Think f this as a walk with friends rather than a tur (grups are capped at 12).(你可以把这当成是和朋友一起散步，而不是旅游(团体人数上限为12人))”及第五段“Grups are capped at 30.(团体人数上限为30人)”可知，四大徒步之旅都限制团队人数。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段的“S, lace up yur sneakers — here are Lndn’s best walking turs fr yur next visit.( 所以，系好你的运动鞋吧——下面是你下次来伦敦时最好的徒步旅行)”可知，文章介绍了四大伦敦最后的徒步旅行。由此推知，本文可能选自一本旅游小册子。故选B。
4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲主要介绍了未来我们可以在实验室制造出清洁肉类，这种肉类比传统肉类更健康，对环境有益。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“US cmpany JUST has annunced that lab-grwn meat culd be n sme restaurant menus in the United States and Asia by the end f 2018, The Independent reprted.(据《独立报》报道，美国JUST公司宣布，到2018年底，美国和亚洲的一些餐厅菜单上可能会出现实验室培育的肉类。)”可知，我们将来吃的肉可能来自实验室。故选C项。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Lab meat is smetimes referred t as “clean meat”. It is made using the stem cells (干细胞) f living livestck.(实验室的肉有时被称为“清洁肉类”。它是用活牲畜的干细胞制成的。)”可知，清洁肉类是由干细胞制成的。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Clean meat has ther advantages. It is healthier than traditinal meat.(清洁肉类还有其他好处。它比传统肉类更健康。)”可知，清洁肉类的好处是清洁肉类比传统肉类更健康。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Clean meat can als help t slve glbal warming. Accrding t The Washingtn Pst, abut 14.5 percent f the planet’s greenhuse gas emissins (排放) cme frm raising livestck. That’s mre than the emissins frm every car, train, ship and airplane in the wrld cmbined. It is predicted that switching t clean meat culd lwer greenhuse gas emissins by 96 percent, The Independent reprted.(清洁肉类也有助于解决全球变暖问题。据《华盛顿邮报》报道，地球上大约14.5%的温室气体排放来自饲养牲畜。这比世界上所有汽车、火车、轮船和飞机的排放量加起来还要多。据《独立报》报道，据预测，改用清洁肉类可以减少96%的温室气体排放。)”可知，清洁肉类有助于解决全球变暖问题，对环境有好处。故选D项。
8．C 9．D 10．A 11．B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在加州所经历的三次地震的情况。
8．主旨大意题。根据第三段“There are three earthquakes that are difficult t frget. The first ne was in 1955 and ur ldest daughter was walking with me in ur backyard in Redwd City in Califrnia.”（有三次地震让人难以忘怀。第一次是在1955年，我们的大女儿和我一起在加州雷德伍德市我们家的后院散步）;根据第四段“The secnd ne was in 1963.”（第二次是在1963年）根据第五段“My third experience with an earthquake was a lnely ne in Califrnia.”（我的第三次地震经历是独自一人在加利福尼亚的一次地震）可知，作者主要向读者介绍了自己所经历的三次地震的情况。故选C项。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段“There are three earthquakes that are difficult t frget. The first ne was in 1955 and ur ldest daughter was walking with me in ur backyard in Redwd City in Califrnia.”（有三次地震让人难以忘怀。第一次是在1955年，我们的大女儿和我一起在加州雷德伍德市我们家的后院散步）根据第四段“The secnd ne was in 1963. Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Suthern Califrnia.”（第二次是在1963年。我们全家去了南加州的迪士尼乐园）；根据第五段“My third experience with an earthquake was a lnely ne in Califrnia.”（我的第三次地震经历是独自一人在加利福尼亚的一次地震）可知，三次地震都发生在加利福尼亚。故选D项。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段“There are three earthquakes that are difficult t frget. The first ne was in 1955 and ur ldest daughter was walking with me in ur backyard in Redwd City in Califrnia.”（有三次地震让人难以忘怀。第一次是在1955年，我们的大女儿和我一起在加州雷德伍德市我们家的后院散步）由此可知，第一次地震发生时，作者和女儿待在一起。故选A项。
11．词句猜测题。根据第四段的“ Our entire family was visiting Disneyland...” （我们全家都去了迪士尼乐园）可知，就在我们正要从旅馆走向迪士尼乐园的时候，打的开始摇晃起因此来，“the famus landmark”是指Disneyland。故选B。
12．C 13．B 14．A 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。很多人认为孩子的行为规矩是因为成年人对他们所提出的要求，最近的一项研究表明，成年人权威的声音并不是唯一重要的事情。在三岁左右，融入群体也开始变得重要起来。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“But when it cmes t getting kids t behave, a recent study by Duke University researchers suggests that the vice f adult authrity isn’t the nly thing that matters. Arund age three, fitting in with the grup starts t cunt big t.(但说到让孩子规规矩矩，杜克大学(Duke University)研究人员最近的一项研究表明，成年人权威的声音并不是唯一重要的事情。在三岁左右，融入群体也开始变得重要起来。)”可知，这项研究主要是关于孩子们的行为，故选C。
13．词义猜测题。根据第一段“What makes preschlers eat their vegetables? Raise their hand? Wait their turn? “Because I say s” is a cmment that parents ften repeat. (是什么让学龄前儿童吃蔬菜？举手吗？等待轮到它们吗？“因为我这么说”是父母经常重复的一句话。)”可知，很多父母认为孩子的行为是因为父母提出的要求，孩子听从父母的要求，结合第一小题的解析可知，对孩子行为的研究表明，成年人的声音不是唯一重要的事情，融入集体也有很大影响。结合划线词所在句“T understand what cause preschlers t fall in line, the researchers cnducted a test in a lab, where they invited 3.5-year-lds t help set up fr a pretend tea party. (为了了解是什么原因导致学龄前儿童fall in line，研究人员在实验室里进行了一项测试，他们邀请3.5岁的孩子帮助布置一个虚拟的茶话会。)”可知，研究是为了了解孩子融入集体的原因，由此可推知，短语fall in line表示“融入集体”，故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段“But 23% f the time the children changed their chice t accept smene else’s. And when they did, they were mre likely t g alng with the ther persn when a chice was presented as a grup need rather than just a persnal preference. The finding held up even when the ther persn was anther child, nt an adult.(但有23%的孩子改变了选择，接受了别人的选择。当他们这样做的时候，当一个选择作为群体需要而不是个人偏好出现时，他们更有可能同意另一个人的选择。即使对方是另一个孩子，而不是成年人，这一发现仍然成立。)”可知，孩子会根据集体需要而改变自己的选择。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文结合第一段“But when it cmes t getting kids t behave, a recent study by Duke University researchers suggests that the vice f adult authrity isn’t the nly thing that matters. Arund age three, fitting in with the grup starts t cunt big t.(但说到让孩子规规矩矩，杜克大学(Duke University)研究人员最近的一项研究表明，成年人权威的声音并不是唯一重要的事情。在三岁左右，融入群体也开始变得重要起来。)”可知，本文主要是关于一项对孩子行为的研究，研究结果表明，三岁孩子会因为群体需求而改变自己的选择，融入群体对孩子的行为产生影响，所以B项“3-Year-Olds Want t Fit int the Grup.(3岁的孩子想融入群体。)”符合文章中心主旨，适合作为本文标题，故选B。
16．D 17．G 18．B 19．E 20．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章通过举例说明了成功人士在成功之前经历过的失败，并强调了失败是成功的垫脚石。
16．根据前文“They shw that if yu want t succeed yu shuld expect failure alng the way. I actually believe that failure can encurage yu n and make yu try even harder.(它们表明，如果你想成功，你应该预料到一路上会有失败。我实际上认为，失败会鼓励您继续前进，并使您更加努力。)”和后文“The Truly successful things wn’t be beaten, they take respnsibility fr failure, learn frm it and start all ver frm a strnger psitin.(真正成功的人不会被打败，他们对失败负责，从中吸取教训，从一个更强大的位置重新开始。)”可知，每一次失败的经历都会增加对成功的渴望。选项D“每一次失败的经历都会增加对成功的渴望。”符合语境。故选D。
17．根据前文“Walt Disney — ne f the greatest business leaders wh created the glbal Disney empire f film studis, theme parks and cnsumer prducts didn’t start ff successful. (华特·迪士尼——创造了全球迪斯尼帝国的最伟大的商业领袖之一，包括电影制片厂、主题公园和消费品，但他一开始并不成功。)”和后文“Believe it r nt, Walt was fired frm an early jb at the Kansas City Star Newspaper because he was nt creative enugh!(信不信由你，沃尔特因为不够有创意而被堪萨斯城星报解雇了！)”可知，沃尔特在取得巨大成功之前并不成功，后文列举了失败的例子。选项G“在取得巨大成功之前经历了许多失败。”符合语境。故选G。
18．根据前文“In 1922 he started his first cmpany called Laugh-O-Gram. The Kansas based n business wuld prduce cartns and shrt advertising films.(1922年，他创办了第一家公司，名为Laugh-O-Gram。这家位于堪萨斯的公司将制作卡通片和短广告片。)”和后文“Walt didn’t give up, he packed up, went t Hllywd and started The Walt Disney Cmpany.(沃尔特没有放弃，他收拾行李，去了好莱坞，创办了华特迪士尼公司。)”可知，发生了变故，导致沃尔特收拾行李，去了好莱坞，创办了华特迪士尼公司。选项B“1923年，公司破产了。”，从时间上承接1922，相吻合，符合语境。故选B。
19．根据前文“Bill Gates-c-funder and chairman f Micrsft set up a business called Traf-O-Data. The partnership between him, Paul Allen and Paul Gilbert was based n a gd idea but a flawed business mdel that left the cmpany with few custmers.(微软联合创始人兼董事长比尔·盖茨创办了一家名为Traf-O-Data的公司。他与保罗·艾伦和保罗·吉尔伯特的合作基于一个好主意，但由于商业模式存在缺陷，公司客户很少。)”和后文“Hwever, Bill Gates and Paul Allen tk what they learned and avided thse mistakes when they created the Micrsft empire.(然而，比尔·盖茨和保罗·艾伦吸取了教训，避免了那些错误，创建了微软帝国。)”可知，后文提到了“那些错误”，空格处应该继续描述这家公司不好的状态，继而引出后文的“创建了微软帝国”。选项E“公司在1974年至1980年间亏损后关闭。”符合语境。故选E。
20．空格处是最后一段的首句，应该起到总结全文的作用。后文“I hpe that these are inspiratin and mtivatin fr everyne wh aspires t be successful in whatever way they chse.(我希望这些能激励和激励每一个渴望成功的人。)”可知，最后一段总结全文列举的成功人士从不放弃的这些例子，对读者进行呼吁。选项A“所以，成功人士从不做的一件事就是：放弃！”符合语境。故选A。
21．A 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．C 26．A 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．B 31．A 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．B
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了Jane在年轻时对未来充满迷茫，尝试了很多事情却没有取得成就，最终明白了及时做出正确决定的重要性，并重新开始了她的绘画之路。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，她坐在一块空画布前开始作画。A. paint绘画；刷漆；B. think思考，认为；C. write写；D. print印刷。根据空前的“an empty canvas”及下文“Every strke (笔画) was mre perfect”及第三空后的“painting”可知，她是开始画画。故选A项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每一笔都比上一笔更完美，慢慢地向优秀的作品迈进。A. different不同的；B. excellent优秀的；C. unique独特的；D. rmantic浪漫的。根据上文“Every strke(笔画) was mre perfect than the last”可知，每一笔都比上一笔好，应该是越画越好，画出的作品是优秀的。故选B项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然简有绘画的天赋。A. desire渴望；欲望；B. reasn理由；C. gift礼物；天赋；D. respnsibility责任。根据上文“Every strke (笔画) was mre perfect than the last”可知，她刚开始画画，就越画越好，此处应该表达她是有绘画天赋的。固定短语have a gift fr意为“在……方面有天赋”。故选C项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但画完没多久，她就不安起来，赶紧站了起来。A. tired疲惫的，累的；B. prud骄傲的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. anxius焦虑的，不安的。根据下文“Jane thught there was s much mre in the wrld t see and d. If she finally decided t d smething else in life, then all the time she spent painting wuld be a 5 .”可知，她想做很多事情，把时间都花在画画上很浪费时间，由此推测她应该是焦虑了。故选D项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果她最终决定在生活中做点别的事情，那么她花在画画上的时间就是一种浪费了。A. jy愉悦，快乐；B. chance机会；C. waste浪费；D. success成功。根据上文“Jane thught there was s much mre in the wrld t see and d.”可知，她想在世界上做很多种事情，所以她会觉得把时间都花在画画这一件事情上是浪费了时间。故选C项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：走着走着，她被一个重要的很难做出决定所困扰住，因为她有太多的选择。A. caught捕捉；勾住，困住；B. buried埋藏；掩盖；C. interested吸引；使感兴趣；D. experienced经历。根据下文“an imprtant decisin she fund t hard t make”可知，面对一个很难做出的决定，她应该是很困扰。短语be caught in意为“被困在……里难以自拔”符合语境。故选A项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：走着走着，她被一个重要的很难做出决定所困扰住，因为她有太多的选择。A. ptins选择；B. difficulties困难；C. regrets后悔，遗憾；D. trubles麻烦。根据下文“Shuld she practice medicine, design buildings, r teach children?”可知，她除了画画还想学医，建筑设计，还想教学生，由此推测，她有太多选择。故选A项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在尝试了无尽的可能性之后，她根本没有做任何有意义的事情。A. experiments实验；B. risks风险；C. challenges挑战；D. pssibilities可能性。根据上文“because she had s many ptins. Shuld she practice medicine, design buildings, r teach children? ”及“Frty years later”可知，在四十年里应该是尝试了好多种可能性。故选D项。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在尝试了无尽的可能性之后，她根本没有做任何有意义的事情。A. frtunate幸运的；B. rdinary普通的；C. meaningful有意义的；D. necessary必要的。根据上文“Frty years later, Jane began t cry.”可推测她那些尝试应该是没有意义的。故选C项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的青春一去不复返了。A. change改变；B. return返回，回来；C. reply回复，回答；D. hide掩藏。根据上文“Frty years later, Jane began t cry.”可知，四十年过去，她的青春已经逝去，不可能回来。故选B项。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：最终，简明白了生活就是及时做出正确的决定，毫不犹豫地继续下去。A. carrying n继续；B. catching n变得流行开来；理解，领会；C. making up组成；弥补；编造；D. turning up出现；声音开大。根据上文“making a crrect decisin timely”及后面“unhesitatingly”可知，她领悟到一旦做出正确决定就应该毫不犹豫地继续下去，不要想着什么都尝试。故选A项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是，这个不再是女孩的女孩，从当地的一家商店买了一些画布和颜料，开始从早到晚地作画。A. remembered记得，想起；B. began开始；C. finished完成；D. imagined想像。根据上文“bught sme canvases and paints frm a lcal stre”可知，买来了画布和颜料应该就要开始画画了。故选B项。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们中的许多人仍然在不断地尝试“找到我们的激情”——我们相信最终会让我们更接近幸福和成功。A. impatiently不耐烦地；B. unexpectedly出乎意料地；C. ccasinally偶然地；D. cntinuusly持续地。根据空后“trying t “find ur passin””可知，此处作者表示很多人仍然和文中的女孩一样不断地尝试各种选择。故选D项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，事实是，我们的激情来自于做正确的事情——从今天开始更有激情地生活，体验积极的小变化。A. purpse目的；B. prmise承诺；C. truth事实，真相；D. hpe希望。下文“ur passin cmes frm ding things right-- live mre 15 frm tday and experience small psitive changes.”是一个表语从句，这应该是作者认为的事实。故选C项。
35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，事实是，我们的激情来自于做正确的事情——从今天开始更有激情地生活，体验积极的小变化。A. willingly心甘情愿地；B. passinately热情地；C. peacefully和平地，平静地；D. freely自由的。此处作者建议我们充满激情地去生活，passinately与上文passin意义呼应，符合语境。故选B项。
36．that 37．threw 38．a 39．t create 40．fr 41．where 42．mre cmplex 43．used 44．brightness 45．hw
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了烟花的发明以及发展演变。
36．考查固定句型。句意：大约在公元前一世纪，有人把一根竹子扔进火里，它砰的一声爆炸了。表示“人们认为……”句型为The thinking ges that…。故填that。
37．考查时态。句意：人们认为，大约在公元前一世纪左右，生活在中国的人把一根竹子扔进火里，然后砰地一声爆炸了。根据上文arund the first century B. C.可知发生在过去，用一般过去时，故填threw。
38．考查冠词。句意：中国的旅行者会在旅途中携带竹子，以防他们需要制造很大的噪音来吓跑野生动物。此处nise为泛指，且lud是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的烟花制造者把火药装在竹竿上，制造出也许是世界上第一个人造烟花，后来也开始使用纸管。此处create在句中作目的状语，用不定式。故填t create。
40．考查介词。句意：到了12世纪，中国的朝廷开始为娱乐目的而燃放烟花。表示出于某种目的，应用介词fr。故填fr。
41．考查定语从句。句意：大约在14世纪，原始的烟花传到了欧洲，意大利艺术家在那里建造了类似戏剧布景的“机器”，并在其中燃放烟花。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Eurpe，在从句作地点状语，故用where。故填where。
42．考查比较级。句意：由于化学的进步，烟花变得复杂得多。根据上文far以及句意可知应用比较级，在前面加mre，故填mre cmplex。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：19世纪，氯酸钾（一种化学物质）被用来在烟花中产生鲜艳的颜色，如红色和绿色，并提高它们的亮度。此处use与ptassium chlrate构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补，故填used。
44．考查名词。句意：19世纪，氯酸钾（一种化学物质）被用来在烟花中产生鲜艳的颜色，如红色和绿色，并提高它们的亮度。作动词的宾语，应用名词brightness，不可数。故填brightness。
45．考查宾语从句。句意：多年来，技术上的创新产生了一些关于烟花如何帮助解决现代问题的奇怪建议。引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故用hw。故填hw。
46．范文
An Outstanding Chinese Scientist I Admire
Amng the myriad f brilliant minds in cntemprary China, I am deeply inspired by Dr. Tu Yuyu, the Nbel Laureate in Physilgy r Medicine. Her grundbreaking discvery f artemisinin, an effective treatment against malaria, has saved millins f lives wrldwide, particularly in develping cuntries.
Dr. Tu’s achievement nt nly shwcases the immense ptential f traditinal Chinese wisdm but als underscres the imprtance f perseverance and innvative thinking in scientific research. Her stry inspires me t pursue my academic endeavrs with an pen mind, embracing bth the past and the future.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你们学校正在举办主题为“用外语讲好中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位做出杰出贡献的当代中国科学家为题，要求考生写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
成就：achievement→accmplishment
有效的：effective→efficient
追求：pursue→chase
接受：embrace→accept
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Amng the myriad f brilliant minds in cntemprary China, I am deeply inspired by Dr. Tu Yuyu, the Nbel Laureate in Physilgy r Medicine.
拓展句：Amng the myriad f brilliant minds in cntemprary China, I am deeply inspired by Dr. Tu Yuyu, wh is the Nbel Laureate in Physilgy r Medicine.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Dr. Tu’s achievement nt nly shwcases the immense ptential f traditinal Chinese wisdm but als underscres the imprtance f perseverance and innvative thinking in scientific research. (运用了nt nly…but als…句型)
[高分句型2] Her stry inspires me t pursue my academic endeavrs with an pen mind, embracing bth the past and the future. (运用了现在分词作状语)
47．Versin 1:
The whle class turned t lk at me. My face burned with embarrassment as I felt each pair f eyes fixed n me. The substitute teacher’s puzzled expressin nly added t the awkward mment. I wished the grund wuld pen up and swallw me whle, but all I culd d was shift uncmfrtably in my seat. The whispers that fllwed were like knives t my self-esteem. When the bell finally rang fr the break, I rushed ut f the classrm, feeling utterly humiliated. It seemed like the whle schl nw knew abut my vice crack.(87 wrds)
“Yu knw, the vice prblem yu met in class is nrmal,” a classmate came t me and said. His reassuring wrds caught me ff guard. As he shared his wn similar experiences, I realized I wasn’t alne in this struggle. Knwing that thers were ging thrugh the same thing made me feel seen and understd. His empathy sparked a sense f team spirit and supprt that I hadn't anticipated. Gradually, I let g f the fear f judgment and started t embrace my vice cracks as a natural part f grwing up. This newfund sense f cnfidence and self-acceptance transfrmed my interactins at schl, making me feel mre at ease and cnnected with my peers.(97 wrds)
Versin 2:
The whle class turned t lk at me. I felt my face turning red and wished the grund wuld pen up and swallw me whle. The embarrassment was unbearable, and I culdn’t even bring myself t meet anyne’s gaze. After what felt like an eternity, the substitute teacher finally spke up, breaking the awkward silence. He chuckled and said, “Well, that’s quite a lvely yung vice!” The class laughed friendly alng with him, and I managed a weak smile, wndering whether they were just trying t make me feel better. Finally, the bell rang and I walked ut t have sme fresh air. (94 wrds)
“Yu knw, the vice prblem yu met in class is nrmal,” a classmate came t me and said. “Everyne ges thrugh it. It happens t mst f us during this stage f life.” He explained hw he had als experienced vice cracks and hw he had learned t embrace them as a natural part f grwing up. I lked at him in surprise, grateful fr his reassurance. My initial embarrassment and cncern gave way t gratitude and cnfidence. My classmates were understanding and supprtive, just as my friends had been frm the beginning. With their encuragement, I gradually became mre cnfident in using my vice, accepting the changes that came with puberty withut fear r shame. (98 wrds)
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了上六年级的作者经历了声音突变。刚开始他对嗓音变低感到兴奋，但发现声音嘶哑后备感尴尬。尽管朋友并未嘲笑他，但他仍自卑，担心被人议论。为避免尴尬，他选择少说话，甚至在上课前清嗓子。然而，在代课老师的一堂课上老师点名，作者不得已必须答到，但就是这一声“到”让他尴尬不已。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“全班都转过头来看着我。”可知，第一段可描写听到作者的声音后同学们的反应和作者的尴尬。
②由第二段首句内容“‘你知道，你在课堂上遇到的声音问题是正常的，’一个同学走过来对我说。”可知，第二段可描写作者得到同学的安慰和鼓励，开始勇敢接受破音的问题。
2.续写线索：受到全班同学的注视——感到万分尴尬——带着羞辱冲出教室——得到同学的安慰——正视和接受自己的问题
3.词汇激活
行为类
①希望：wish/hpe
②冲出：rush ut/run ut
③经受：g thrugh/experience
情绪类
①困惑的：puzzled/cnfused/perplexed
②尴尬的：awkward/embarrassing
【点睛】[高分句型1]My face burned with embarrassment as I felt each pair f eyes fixed n me.(运用了as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]The whispers that fllwed were like knives t my self-esteem.(运用了关系代词that引导限制性定语从句)
[高分句型3] Knwing that thers were ging thrugh the same thing made me feel seen and understd.(运用了连词that引导宾语从句)
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
C
A
B
C
A
B
D
C
D
A
题号
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
答案
B
C
B
A
B
D
G
B
E
A
题号
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
答案
A
B
C
D
C
A
A
D
C
B
题号
31
32
33
34
35





答案
A
B
D
C
B