北师大版高中英语必修第一册Unit 2 Sports and Fitness 单词知识点清单

这是一份北师大版高中英语必修第一册Unit 2 Sports and Fitness 单词知识点清单，共3页。
Unit 2 Sports and Fitness【Topic Talk】athlete n.运动员 athletic adj.强壮的；运动的 athletics n.田径运动[track and field]frequency n.发生的频率 frequent adj.频繁的 frequently adj.频繁地 infrequent adj.不常发生的，罕见的prefer vt.更喜欢[preferred—preferred] preference n.偏爱；偏爱的事物 prefer to do sth 更喜欢做… prefer (doing) A to (doing) B 与做B相比，更倾向于做A have a preference for sth… 偏爱…rather than 而不是=instead of【并列连词；复合介词】 or rather 更确切地说 other than 除…之外 rather than 连接两个并列的成分，连接两个主语时，采用“就远原则”。 Mary, rather you, is to blame for not finishing the work on time. 就远原则连接词：as well as; except; but; with; together with; along with;gymnastics n.体操 gymnast n.体操运动员cycle vi.骑自行车 n.①自行车；②循环 cyclist n.骑自行车者 recycle vt.回收利用，再利用 life cycle 生命周期track n.①小径[trail]；②踪迹[tracks]；③跑道；④轨道 vt.跟踪 tracker n.追踪者 keep/lose track of sb/sth ①记录；②与…保持╱失去联系be in good/bad shape 健康状况好/不佳 stay/keep in shape保持体形  shape n.①形状，外形；②状况，情况 vt.塑造 Candles come in all shapes and sizes. 有各种形状和大小的蜡烛供应。balanced adj.均衡的 balance n.平衡vt.①（使）平衡；②权衡 a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 keep/lose one’s balance 保持/失去平衡keep a balance between A and B 使A和B平衡 on balance 总的来说regularly adv.经常；定期地 regular adj.①定期的，有规律的；②经常的 n.常客 irregular adj.不规律的 on a regular basis 定期地 regular meetings/visits 例行会议/访问court n.①球场；②法院；③王宫【Lesson 1】defeat vt.(在比赛、战争中)战胜，打败[beat] n.失败 a big/bad defeat大败 suffer a defeat遭遇失败company n.①公司[firm/enterprise]；②陪伴；③一群人 accompany vt.陪伴  companion n.伙伴，同伴 keep sb. company = accompany sb.陪伴某人champion n.冠军，第一名 championship n.锦标赛，冠军称号shot n.①射击；②尝试，努力；③照片 ；④投球，击球 give it a shot 试一下[have a try] shoot v.射击；拍摄[shot—shot] a serious shooting incident 严重的枪击事件inspiration n.激励，鼓舞；灵感 inspire vt.激励，鼓舞；赋予灵感，启发思考 inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的 inspired adj.能力卓越的；借助于灵感创作的 source of inspiration 灵感来源 be inspired by sb/sth 受到某人的鼓舞try vt.审理，审判crash v.碰撞 crash A into B n.①撞车，碰撞；②破产，倒闭[collapse]  a car/plane crash 汽车撞车事故/飞机失事gather v.①聚集，集合；②收集，搜集[collect] gathering n.聚会，集会 A crowd soon gathered. 很快就聚集起了一群人。 gather data/evidence 收集数据/证据pack n.①包，包裹[package/packet]；②大背包；③一群（动物/人） vt.①收拾（行李）；②包装；③塞进，挤进 packed adj.挤满人的，异常拥挤的[crowded] a pack of cigarettes 一包烟 a pack of hounds/journalists 一群猎犬/记者 carefully pack pottery into boxes 小心地把陶器装入盒子里 be packed with 充满了…；有大量的… The book is packed with information. The stadium is packed with enthusiastic fans.sharply adv.严厉地，毫不客气地  sharp adj.①锋利的；②急剧的；③清晰的；④敏锐的；⑤严厉的 sharpen vt.（使）变得锋利，变得清晰 sharp teeth/eyes/criticism 锋利的牙齿/敏锐的双眼/严厉的批评 a sharp drop in prices 价格的骤降 a sharp outline 清晰的轮廓extra adj.额外的，另外的[additional] n.①（电影里的）临时演员；②额外的事物keep up with 跟上，保持同步[keep pace with]energy n.①力量；②活力，精力；③能源 energise vt.使精力充沛，使充满热情 energetic adj.充满活力的，精力充沛的[dynamic=vigorous]  full of energy 充满活力 solar/nuclear energy 太阳/核能clap vi.&vt.鼓掌，拍手[clapped—clapped] n.拍手，鼓掌earn vt.①赢得，博得；②赚得，挣得 earnings n.薪水，工资 earn/make a living 谋生 earn a fortune 挣了一大笔钱  earn a reputation for diligence 赢得勤奋的名声【Lesson 2】bounce vi.&vt..①活泼兴奋地走，蹦蹦跳跳地去（到某处）；②（使）弹起，（使）反弹 She bounced up and down.announcement n.通告，公告[C] announce vt. 宣布，宣告（决定、计划等） make an announcement 发表公告  announce sth to sb=announce to sb. sth.向某人通知某事defence/defense n.①防御，保护；②防守队员，后卫  defend vt.防御，保卫 defensive adj.保卫的，防御的defend…against/from… 保卫…免受…的伤害 in defence of为了保卫，为了捍卫 natural defence mechanisms 先天性防御机制remind sb of sth提醒某人某事 remind sb to do sth提醒某人去做某事  remind sb (that) 从句 提醒某人…  inform/notify/suspect/accuse/relieve/warn/cure sb of sthbite vi.&vt.咬[bit—bitten]prohibit vt.禁止[prohbited—prohibited] [forbid—forbade—forbidden] prohibit sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事in case +从句（用一般现在时或should +动词原形）以防，以免in case of + n./doing 以防，以免 in no case 绝不【放句首，句子部分倒装】 [under/in no circumstance=on no account=in no way=by no means=under/on no condition] 带上一把伞，以防天下雨。 Take an umbrella in case it rains.=Take an umbrella in case it should rain.  Take an umbrella in case of rain. sign up for sth 报名参加application n.申请书；申请 apply v.①申请；②运用；③涂，抹；④专心于 applicant n.申请者 apply to sb for sth 向某人申请某物 apply oneself to sth 专心于…【to是介词】quit vi.&vt.停止（做某事）[quitted—quitted][quit—quit] quit (doing) sth停止（做）某事 quit school=drop out of school 辍学tip n.①忠告，建议；②小费；③尖端，端 v.①给小费；②（使）倾斜[tipped—tipped]occupy vt.①占用，占去（时间，空间）[take up]；②侵占，占领；③忙着（做某事） occupied adj.①使用中[unoccupied/vacant]；②忙于 occupation n.①职业；②消遣 be occupied with sth.忙于某事 be occupied doing忙于做某事disappointment n.①失望；②使人失望的人（或事物） disappoint vt.令某人失望  disappointing adj.令人失望的（指物） disappointed adj.感到失望的（指人）  be disappointed at/by sth.对…失望 be disappointed to see/hear ... 因看到/听到…而失望amazingly adv.惊人地，了不起地 amazing adj.令人惊讶的（指物）  amazed adj.感到惊讶的（指人） amaze vt.令人惊讶 amazement n.惊奇，惊讶 be amazed at/by sth 对…感到惊奇 in/with amazement 惊奇地，惊讶地【Lesson 3】relieve vt.减轻，缓解 relief n.①减轻，缓和；②宽慰，轻松relieved adj.宽慰的，放心的；减轻的 to one’s relief令人宽慰的是 gbreathe a sigh of relief 如释重负地松了口气 in/with relief 如实重负，松了口气 relieve sb of sth减轻、缓和某人的某物strengthen vi.&vt.（使）强健 [反weaken] strengthen the immune system 加强免疫系统strong adj.坚强的，强壮的 strength n.①体力[U]；②优点[C]build up one’s strength增强体力 strengths and weaknesses优点和缺点cheer up 高兴起来，振作起来 cheer sb on 为某人加油 cheer for 为…而欢呼 cheerful adj.高兴的，快乐的weekly adj.一周一次的，每周的[elderly/deadly/likely/brotherly]be fed up with= be bored with = be tired of = be sick of 对…厌烦particular adj.特定的 n.（正式记下的）细节，详情 particularly adv.尤其，特别[especially]particularly = in particular = especially尤其，特别 be particular about对…挑剔benefit n.好处，益处 v.使受益；得益于 beneficial adj.有利的；有裨益的；有用的 benefit from/by 得益于 be beneficial to=be of benefit to 对…有益equipment n.设备（不可数） equip vt.配备，提供设备 equip…with… 给…配备… be equipped with…配备有，装备有 equip sb for/to do sth 使某人有能力胜任某事capable adj.有能力，能干的，能力强的 incapable adj.没有能力 capability n.能力，才能 be capable of有能力做…prevent vt.预防；阻止 prevention n.预防，阻止 prevent sb (from) doing sth = stop sb (from) doing sthkeep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事注意：前两个短语中的from只有在主动语态中才可以省略。flow vi.流，流动[flowed—flowed] n.流动 traffic flow 交通流量/车流量detail n.细节 vt.详细说明；详述 detailed adj.详细的 in detail 详细地=detailedly go into detail(s) 详细叙述principle n.原则；道德准则 stick to one’s principles坚持某人的原则amount n.金额；数量，数额 amount to 数量上达到，累计为[add up to] a large amount of = large amounts of 大量的【尤其与不可数名词连用】achieve vt.实现，完成 [accomplish]  achievable adj.可实现的，可完成的 achievement n.成绩，成就 achieve one’s goal实现某人的目标 set achievable goals制定可实现的目标make sure of + n.确保 make sure (that)从句 确保satisfaction n.满足，满意 satisfy vt. 使满意 satisfied adj. 感到满意的 satisfying adj.令人满意的 satisfactory adj.够好的；令人满意的satisfy one’s needs满足某人的需要 be satisfied/content with…对…满意、满足sweat n.汗水[U] v.流汗 sweaty adj.出汗的，汗水湿透的overdo vt.把…做得过火；过度做[overdid—overdone] overlook vt.忽视，忽略 overtake vt.超过，赶上 overcome vt.克服；受到…的极大影响 overwhelm vt.（感情或感觉）充溢 overweigh vt.重于【Writing Workshop】sight n.①视力[eyesight/vision]；②视野 at first sight 乍一看 lose sight失明 in/out of sight看得见/看不见 come into sight进入视野，映入眼帘a gold medal 金牌 a silver medal银牌 a bronze medal铜牌response n.①回应，回答；②反应 respond v.①回应，回答[reply]；②作出反应[react]respond to回应，回答 in response to为了回应advantage n.①有利条件，优势；②优点[反disadvantage] advantageous adj.有利的[beneficial] take advantage of sth利用某物 have an advantage over…有胜过…的优势flexibility n.灵活性 flexible adj.灵活的 flexibly adv.灵活地