北师大版高中英语必修一名师原创：Unit1 单元知识点考点突破（一）

这是一份北师大版高中英语必修一名师原创：Unit1 单元知识点考点突破（一），共17页。
名师原创：Unit1 单元考点突破（一）●词汇精讲1. deal n. 买卖，交易；协议 v. 买卖，经营；谈及；处理；对付；相处【原句再现】List the things he did to deal with the difficulties. (教材P4)【词块积累】a great/good deal 许多，大量a great/good deal of…（后接不可数名词）许多的…, 大量的…a great/good deal of money/time /water…deal with处理； 应付； 对付； 相处；与…打交道/做生意；涉及/论及辨析:deal with 和 do with相同点：都有“”的意思，一般可以换用，例如：，This problem is difficult to deal with.= This problem is difficult to do with.The old man is difficult to deal with.= The old man is difficult to do with.不同点：deal with 还有“与…打交道/做生意”和“涉及/论及”之意，而do with 则另有“与…有关系”之意。deal with 通常与how连用，而do with 通常与what 连用，例如：The boss has dealt with the computer company for many years.These villagers have been dealing with the people all over the world.The accident yesterday had something to do with the driver’s carelessness.Thomas Edison always asked some questions that had nothing to do with his study.They didn’t how to deal with these old desks. （此句中只能用deal with）What are you going to do with this problem? (词句中只能用do with)【原句再现】How did she deal with new challenges?【精品例句】Although she had never met that expert, she knew a great deal about him.尽管他从没见见过那位专家，但对他很了解It takes a good deal of effort to do the job well.做好这件工作需要花大量的精力Those scientists discussed all the ways to deal with the problem.那些科学家讨论了处理这个问题的各种方法The two books deal with the ancient history of Egypt.这两本书讲述了埃及的古代历史【高考链接】In many people’s opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant to deal ______. (四川卷) (with)David’s biggest headache is what to do ______ his money. (全国卷) (with)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式They didn’t know _____ on earth they should deal with the present situation. (how) _____ are they going to do with this furniture? (What)2. experience n. 经验;实践; 经历; 阅历; vt. 体验(到);感受(到); 经历; 遭受【原句再现】What can you learn from the experiences of these two students? (教材P4)【词块积累】experience failure/success 经历失败/成功 experienced adj. 有经验的，经验丰富的be experienced in sth./doing sth. 在某事/做某事上有经验【精品例句】I've got a lot of experience in teaching English.有丰富的英语教学经验From my personal experience, I know the traffic in Beijing is terrible.根据我个人的经历，北京的交通状况很糟糕Breaking my leg was a very bad experience. 腿骨折对我来说是一次糟糕的经历I had many wonderful experiences, but I also had a sad one.我有很多美好的经历，但也有一次糟糕的Welcome you to come here to experience our Chinese traditional culture.欢迎来这里体验我们中国的传统文化 Children need to experience things for themselves in order to learn from them.儿童需要亲身经历事情以便从中学习New companies often experience a loss in their first few years.新公司在它们的最初几年中往往会遭受亏损【高考链接】If you come to visit China, you will a culture of amazing depth and variety. (安徽卷) A. develop B. create C. substitute D. experience (D)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式Jumping out of ______ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _____exciting experience.(an; an)3. express vt. 表示，表达；特快发送；adj. 特快的，快递的；n. 特快列车；快递【原句再现】In this unit, you will view an episode about Amelia Earhart and express your opinions about her life choices. (教材P5)【词块积累】expression n. 表示，表达；表情，神情；词语；感情express oneself 表达自己的意思/思想/观点express a package 把包裹特快发送an express train 特快/直达列车Express Mail Service (EMS) 特快邮政业务travel by express 乘快车旅行freedom of expression 言论自由read/play with expression 有感情地朗读/表演【精品例句】Words can’t express how excited I was!我激动得难以言表The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.表达观点的能力和观点本身同样重要He cannot express himself clearly in English.他不能用英语清楚地表达自己的意思I sent them flowers as an expression of thanks.我给他们送鲜花表示感谢I can tell from his expression that he was unhappy.从他的表情我可以看出他不高兴了【高考链接】The ______ on his face told me that he was angry. (山东卷)impression B. sight C. appearance D. expression (D)【考点训练】The ______ (express) on her face is very friendly. (expression)You can learn interesting words and _______ (expression) by reading poems. (expressions)4. differ vi. 不同，相异，有区别【原句再现】I feel excited because this school fifers in many ways from my previous one, is much bigger and more dynamic than I expected. (教材P6)【词块积累】differ from…与…不同differ on/over…在…上不一致different adj. 不同的，有差异的differently adv. 不同地difference n. 差别，差异，差异点，分歧 make a/no difference (to….) (对…..) 有/无影响；有重要作用/无关紧要tell the difference between A and B 辨别A 和BA be different from B. A 与B 不同【精品例句】American and British English differ in many small ways. 美式英语和英式英语在细节上有所差别How do the tourists differ from local people? 游客和当地居民有何不同？We differ on/over the matter. 我们在这件事上意见不一致There are many differences between living in a big city and living in the countryside.生活在大城市与生活在乡村有许多不同之处I can never tell the difference between the twins. 我从来都分不清这对双胞胎They settled their differences and became friends again. 他们消除了分歧，言归于好Old English is very different from the English we speak nowadays. 古英语和我们现在说的英语有很大差别Different people feel stress in different ways. 不同的人对压力的感受不同【高考链接】The way he did it was different ____ what we were used to. (山东卷)A. to B. over C. on D. from (D)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式Whatever she says will not make any difference to our arrangement. (to)5. expect vt. 等待，期待；预料，预计；期望，指望料想，认为【原句再现】I feel excited because this school fifers in many ways from my previous one, is much bigger and more dynamic than I expected. (教材P6)【词块积累】expect v．　期望；预料；要求；认为(某事)会发生expectation n. 期待；预期；前程expected adj. 预计要发生的，期待中的be expected to有望做某事，被期待做某事expect a letter/phone call 等信/电话expect sb/sth to do sth. 期待某人/某物做某事；料定某人/某物做某事expect + 从句 预计…be expecting a baby/child 怀孕【精品例句】Are you expecting visitors? 你在等客人吗？I didn’t expect him to stay so long. 我没料到他会待那么久We expect that the meeting will finish at about 5 o’clock.我们预计会议将在五点结束The rare disease is expected to be cured in a short period of time.这种罕见的疾病预计能在短时间内治愈。All the students are expected to participate in the activity actively.期待所有的学生能积极参加这项活动。This book is expected to sell 1，500 copies this month.这本书本月预计要卖到1 500本。【高考链接】The plan goes much as _______ (expect). (广东卷) (expected)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式If you _________ (expect) a baby, your smoking habit might cause problems for it. (are expecting)The result was out of his _________ (expect). Harry looked at the medal in surprise without saying a word. (expectation)6. confidence. n.信心【原句再现】In the next three years, I hope I will develop confidence in speaking English/competence in a variety of new skills. (教材P6)【词块积累】confident adj.自信的；有把握的；确信的；有信心的confidently. adv.自信地be confident of/about sth./doing sthbe confident that…信任 have/lose confidence to do sth 对做某事有/失去信心 have confidence in sb/sth 信任某人/某事物 with confidence 自信地；肯定地【精品例句】I feel confident of/about/in the interview. 我对面试充满信心We are confident of/about/in finishing the project ahead of schedule.我们对提前完成这项工程有信心 Compared with them, we’re more confident of success. 与他们相比，我们对成功更有信心We are confident that next year’s profits will be higher.我们有把握明年获取更高利润【高考链接】The little girl walked ____ (confident) onto the stage, ready for her first speech. (湖北卷) (confidently)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式We should not mind what others say so long as we are confident ___ what we have done. (of/about/in)There was a ____ (confidence) smile on her face then. (confident)7. variety n. 多样性; 变化; 种类【原句再现】In the next three years, I hope I will develop confidence in speaking English/competence in a variety of new skills. (教材P6)【词块积累】variety n. 多样性; 变化; 种类a variety of＝varieties of….. 许多的；各种各样的a new variety of rose玫瑰的新品种 various adj.不同的; 各种各样的various kinds of theme parks各种各样的主题公园variously adv各种各样地variation n.变化; 差别 the seasonal variation季节性变化vary in sth. 在某方面不同vary with sth. 随……而变化vary between...and...＝vary from...to... 由……到……情况不等 【精品例句】Chinese food is famous for its wide variety.中餐以菜系多样而闻名(重庆)Variety is the spice of life.变化是生活的调味品After all, there is probably as much variation of pronunciation within the two countries as between them.毕竟，两个国家各自内部的口音差别可能 跟两国之间的口音差别一样大 Opinions vary on that point.在那一点上意见各不相同The weather here varies from hour to hour. 这儿的天气时刻都在变化【高考链接】More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a great____ of goods.(湖北卷) (A)variety B. mixture C. extension D. combination 【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式The club offers a wide _____ (vary) of games to the local teenagers. (variety)As a child, Chamberlain had _____ (variety) various health problems. (various)8. range n. 一系列；范围；界限；距离；山脉；vt.包括，处于…范围内【原句再现】 I do a wide range of things online. (教材P8)【词块积累】a full/wide range of…. 各种各样的；范围广泛的；一套；一系列a range of services / products 一整套服务/一系列产品in / within range (of) 在…范围之内beyond/out of range (of) 超出…范围range from A to B 范围从…到…range between A and B 在A和B之间范围变动【精品例句】College students come from a wide range of social, cultural and economic backgrounds. 大学生年龄参差不齐，有着不同的社会、文化和经济背景Most of the students are in the 16-19 age range. 大部分学生的年龄在16-19之间The price was beyond our range, so we declined. 那个价格超出了我们承受的范围，所以我们拒绝了Do not miss this opportunity to see whales at close range. 别错过了近距离看鲸的机会Between Italy and France, there is a mountain range called the Alps. 在意大利和法国之间有一座山脉叫阿尔皮斯山【高考链接】The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ______ (range) from butterflies to elephants. (北京卷) (ranging) This restaurant has become popular for its wide _____ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets. （陕西卷）A. division B. area C. range D. circle (A)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式The show had a massive audience, _____ (range) from children to grandparents. (ranging)When driving on highways, the driver must control his or her speed ____ a range of speed-limiting. (in/within)9. convenient. adj. 便利，方便；便利的事物，便利的设施【原句再现】It’s convenient to be able to compare the quality and prices from different online shops before I buy. (教材P8)【词块积累】convenience. n. 便利，方便；便利的事物，便利的设施conveniently adv. 便利地a convenience store 便利店convenience foods 方便食品at sb’s convenience 在某人方便时it is convenient for sb. 某人方便的话【精品例句】England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. 在四个国家中，英格兰是最大的，为方便起见，它被大致分为三个区The convenience of city life is one of its main attractions.便利是城市生活主要的诱人处之一Please come at your convenience. 请方便的时候过来It is very convenient to travel in London by underground. 在伦敦乘地铁很方便We hope you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you.如果你方便的话，希望你接受我们的邀请【高考链接】The secretary arranged a(n) _____ time and place for the applicants to have an interview.(天津卷) A. important B. spare C. public D. convenient (D)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式Would it be ____for you to pick me up at four o’clock and take me to the airport?A. convenient B. free C. handy D. vacant (A)10. set out出发；启程；(怀着目标) 开始工作【原句再现】I’m a “going-together” – when I set out to do something, I do my best to achieve it. (教材P9)【词块积累】set out (to do...)　动身；起程；开始做set about (doing...) 着手做set off 出发；动身；使爆炸；引起set aside 留出；对……置之不理set down 写下；记下set up 建立；创立；安排【精品例句】He was asked to set down the facts just as he remembered them.他被要求根据记忆把事实写下来。A visitor arrived just as we were setting out for the airport.我们正要前往机场时来了一位客人。He will set out on a journey early in the next morning.他明天一早就动身。【高考链接】The moment she arrived home, she set about ____ (clean) the house. (天津卷) (cleaning)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式I set off/out _____ the company earlier in order to avoid the heavy traffic. (for)She sets _______ a bit of money every month. (aside)11. achieve vt. 取得；完成；实现【原句再现】I’m a “going-together” – when I set out to do something, I do my best to achieve it. (教材P9)【词块积累】achieve success 取得成功achieve one’s goal/dream 实现目标/梦想achievement n. 成绩；成就great scientific achievements 伟大的科学成就a sense of achievement 成就感【精品例句】I used to try effective methods to achieve my academic goals. 为了实现我的学习目标，我曾尝试过一些有效的方法No one can achieve anything without effort. 没有人不努力就有所成就He had achieved what he thought was impossible. 他做成了自己以为不可能的事He is an excellent lawyer with a good brain and a determination to achieve.他是位优秀律师，具有好的头脑和取得成功的决心Seeing the lines of trees we had planted, we all had a sense of achievement.看见亲手种下的一排排树，我们大家都有一种成就感He was awarded a prize for his achievements in physics. 他因在物理学上的成就而获奖【高考链接】Lucy has _____ all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university. (湖南课改卷) A. acquired B. finished C. concluded D. achieved (D)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式We all take pride in his ________ (achieve) in math. (achievements)12. tend vt & vi照料; 护理; 倾向; 趋向 【原句再现】I tend to set a goal for every subject at the beginning of each therm. (P9)【词块积累】tendency n. 趋势; 倾向tend to/toward(s) sth. 倾向于; 有…的趋势tend to do sth. 易于做某事;往往会做某事tend (to) the sick 护理病人 display artistic tendencies 显示出对艺术的偏好criminal tendencies 有犯罪倾向 【精品例句】The sort of music I listen to varies, but it tends toward light music.我所听的音乐形形色色，不过 一般都是轻音乐I tend to see pictures in my mind when I am reading or listening.在读或听的时候，我往往会在头脑中形成图像I would like to tend the store for you while you're away.你不在时我愿意替你照看店铺。a tendency towards/to regional cooperation地区性合作的趋势 He has a tendency to forget things.他好忘事。【高考链接】The Swiss tend ____ (be) formal and address each other by last name. (浙江卷) (to be)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式There is a tendency _____ regional cooperation. (towards/to)13. prepare vt& vi (作)准备；(把…)准备好；(使)做好准备【原句再现】Biology is my favorite subject, and my target is to prepare myself for my degree in biology at university. (P9)【词块积累】prepare one's lessons准备功课 prepare for sth. 为…做准备prepare to do sth. 准备做某事prepare (sb/sth) for sth. 使….为…做好准备prepared adj. 准备好的；有所准备的be get prepared for….为….做好准备be / get prepared to do sth. 准备好做…..preparation n准备；预备；[常用复数]准备工作in preparation for为…..做准备make preparations for… 为….作准备【精品例句】I've got to prepare for the chemistry test this week. 我得准备这周的化学考试。 Her parents are busy preparing to go on holiday.她的父母正忙着准备去度假在她离开之前，我准备了礼物来表 达我对她最美好的祝福 Hope for the best, and prepare for the worst. 存最好的希望，但做最 坏的打算 We should improve our study methods and get well prepared for examinations.我们应该改进学习方 法，为考试做好充分准备。 I closed my eyes and prepared myself for his burst of anger.我闭上眼睛做好了准备，等他大发雷霆 I did little preparation for the examination.我几乎没有为考试做准备 All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to star.这项任务的所 有准备工作都已经完成，我们可以开始了They are busy making preparations for the wedding. 他们正忙着筹备婚礼 【高考链接】Our monitor presented our teacher with the ________ (prepare) flowers. (陕西卷) (prepared)All the competitors must be fully prepared ________ (give) the best performance. (天津课改卷) (to give)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式The lectures help students prepare _____ college mathematics. (for)I want to improve my language skills _____ preparation for further study overseas. (in)14. volunteer n.志愿者；义务工作者；自告奋勇者；v. 自愿做；义务做；无偿做 voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的【原句再现】Meanwhile, I’m an active member of my school’s long-distance running team and volunteering club. (P9)【词块积累】volunteer to do sth. 志愿/自愿做某事【精品例句】All contributions are voluntary. 所有捐赠都是自愿的。She often volunteers to give the patients a hand for free at the hospital.她经常在这家医院自愿帮助患者。【高考链接】______ (Volunteer)don’t expect any kind of pay. (四川卷) (Volunteers)【考点训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式Tang Ling volunteered ___________ (help) the welfare house. (to help)She has been ______ (volunteer) her time and talents to the work for more than 40 years. (volunteering )15. spare adj.不用的；闲置的；备用的；额外的；空闲的；vt 抽出；腾出；剩下；节约；吝惜；n. 备用品；备件【原句再现】At school, I do my home work when I have spare time. (教材P9)【词块积累】spare parts备用件 a spare tire各用轮胎spare sth /sb. for ….为….腾/抽出…spare sb. sth. 为…某人抽出….spare no expense 不惜工本spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力做某事 【精品例句】In my house, there are some spare bedrooms. 里有几个空房间I'm afraid I haven't got any spare cash. 恐怕我手头上没有闲钱In my spare time, I read a lot. 在空闲时间里，我读很多书 I haven’t had a spare moment this morning. 今天上午我一刻也没闲着I can't spare the time. 我抽不出时间Could you spare one of your staff to help us out?你能不能从你的手下中抽一个人来帮帮我们? They sill have some money to spare. 他们还有一些余钱。 He said he could spare me only ten minutes.他说他只能抽出十分钟的时间给我I've lost my key and I haven’t got a spare. 我把钥匙弄丢了，而且没有备用的【高考链接】They started off late and got to the airport with minutes to _______. (山东卷) (A)A. spare B. catch C. leave D. make【考点训练】For the sake of the welfare of our offspring we should spare no effort ______ (protect ) our mother planet. (to protect)We can only spare one room ______ you. (for)●本单元重要词组16. put pressure on sb. 给某人施加压力Being a doctor means I have to make correct decisions all the time, which puts a lot of pressure on me. (教材P7)My boss usually puts extra pressure on me.17. recover from… 恢复健康，康复Although being a doctor keeps me very busy, with little time for leisure, I have no regrets as I love solving problems and I get to help people recover from illness and injures. (教材P7)He is recovering from a heart attack. 18. on the plus side 在有利的方面On the plus side, I get to travel a lot to different countries for matches and of course, hearing people cheer you on is great. (教材P7)On the plus side, his courage helps him keep walking towards success.19. cheer on sb. 为某人加油On the plus side, I get to travel a lot to different countries for matches and of course, hearing people cheer you on is great. (教材P7)A big crowd had gathered around to cheer on the racers.20. from time to time 有时，偶尔，间或I also play computer games from time to time and I even play tennis on my television screen in my living room! (教材P8)The old man goes swimming from time to time in winter.21. draw sb. away from (doing) sth. 使某人不做某事；把某人从…中拉出来/回来I do know I need to drag myself away from the online world sometimes, especially because real life can be just as interesting. (教材P8)Can you drag yourself away from playing the mobile phone?●句型点拨1. do强调谓语动词【原句再现】I do know I need to drag myself away from the online world sometimes, especially because real life can be just as interesting. (教材P8)句式分析：句中的“do know”属于“do(does/did)＋动词原形”结构，用来强调谓语动词，加强语气。【句式拓展】“do (does/did)＋动词原形”结构，用来强调谓语动词，表示“的确，真的，务必”，有时态和数的变化。这种强调一般只适用于一般现在时和一般过去时。【精品例句】Do write me a letter when you get there.当你到了那里请务必给我来信。I do hope you can give up smoking，because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我的确希望你能把烟戒掉，因为我希望你能像我一样活得健康长寿。We did need help those days.在那些日子里我们的确需要帮助。The fountain does look nice and cool!那喷泉看上去的确清凉宜人！【高考链接】However，what I ______ know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible. (陕西卷) (did)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式In order to achieve his dream，he _______ work hard．(does)2. 不定式作表语【原句再现】My aim is to do well in every subject this term. (教材P9)句式分析：本句中to do well in every subject是不定式短语，在句中作表语。【能力拓展】※ 在用不定式作表语的句子中，系动词除be外，还有seem，happen，appear，get，pretend等。※ 句中如果主语部分有实义动词do的各种形式，作表语的不定式实际上是do的引申，即表示do所做的内容，这时不定式可省略to。【精品例句】To him，the first important thing was to save lives.对他来说，最重要的事情就是拯救生命。His wish is to become a scientist.他的愿望是当一名科学家。What we want is to learn from practice.我们想从实践中学习。【高考链接】The only thing I can do now is ________ (go) on by myself. (陕西卷) (to go)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式He appears ________ (catch) cold. (to have caught)●非谓语动词（详见语法课件）