广东省广州市天河区2024-2025学年高一下学期期末英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份广东省广州市天河区2024-2025学年高一下学期期末英语试卷（解析版），共18页。
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Suzanne Wd was just seven years ld when her parents tld her that she wuld be pulled ut f schl t g n a vyage arund the wrld. The family frm the UK set ut n their explratin, which ended up taking a decade instead f the prmised three years.
Nw 55 years ld, Suzanne has shared her stry in her bk Wavewalker. “My father said we wuld be back in three years’ time, and that my friends and schl and everything wuld g back t nrmal,” the authr said. “But in fact, it was almst 10 years befre we came back, and I spent that time trapped n a bat, unable t g t schl r have nrmal friendships.”
Despite her father prmising her the “trip wuld be safe”, Suzanne argued it was “incredibly dangerus”, sharing details f the jurney frm Suth Africa t Australia where the bat hit a “huge strm”. “The waves became bigger and bigger, and finally ne crashed ver the back f the bat” she recalled. “I was thrwn, a little girl at 7, against the ceiling f the bat and against the wall. Three days later, we fund a little island where I had several head peratins withut anaesthetic (麻药).”
In rder t get thrugh her “very strange” childhd, Suzanne was determined t get an educatin t live a nrmal life. “As it became clear my parents had n intentins f ging back, I decided I had t educate myself.” she recalled. “It was my nly hpe t get ff this bat.”
At 13, Suzanne enrlled in an Australian schl remtely. She began studying in the small bat cabin, which she fund challenging bth practically and academically as she “had missed a lt f educatin”. When she was 16, her parents enrlled her in a schl in New Zealand while they cntinued sailing. Despite the gaps in her educatin, Suzanne gt admitted t Oxfrd University and after saving up mney she’d earned wrking n a farm, Suzanne bught a ne-way plane ticket back t the UK.
1. What can we learn abut Suzanne’s father?
A. He knew the sea well.B. He made an empty prmise.
C. He valued educatin.D. He planned the trip carefully.
2. What happened t Suzanne n the jurney frm Suth Africa t Australia?
A. She fught against the strm.B. She received timely treatment.
C. She became seriusly injured.D. She learned mre abut the sea.
3. What best describes Suzanne as a teenager?
A. Curageus and adventurus.
B. Independent and humrus.
C. Decisive and strng-willed.
D. Curius and intelligent.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述英国的 Suzanne（苏珊娜）7岁时随家人环球航行，历时10年，期间受重伤，后自学并考入牛津，她在书中分享了这段经历。
【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“‘My father said we wuld be back in three years’ time, and that my friends and schl and everything wuld g back t nrmal,’ the authr said. ‘But in fact, it was almst 10 years befre we came back, and I spent that time trapped n a bat, unable t g t schl r have nrmal friendships.’(作者说，我父亲说我们三年后会回来，我的朋友、学校和一切都会恢复正常。但事实上，我们回来已经快10年了，那段时间我被困在船上，无法上学或建立正常的友谊。)及第三段“Despite her father prmising her the ‘trip wuld be safe’, Suzanne argued it was ‘incredibly dangerus’, sharing details f the jurney frm Suth Africa t Australia where the bat hit a ‘huge strm’. (尽管她的父亲向她保证‘这次旅行是安全的’，但苏珊娜认为这是‘极其危险的’，并分享了从南非到澳大利亚的旅程的细节，船在那里遭遇了‘巨大的风暴’。)”可知，Suzanne父亲的承诺并未兑现。故选B项。
【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“I was thrwn, a little girl at 7, against the ceiling f the bat and against the wall. Three days later, we fund a little island where I had several head peratins withut anaesthetic (麻药).(我是一个7岁的小女孩，被扔到船的天花板和墙上。三天后，我们发现了一个小岛，我在那里做了几次没有麻醉的头部手术。)”可知，Suzanne在途中受了重伤。故选C项。
【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“In rder t get thrugh her ‘very strange’ childhd, Suzanne was determined t get an educatin t live a nrmal life. ‘As it became clear my parents had n intentins f ging back, I decided I had t educate myself.’ she recalled. ‘It was my nly hpe t get ff this bat.’(为了度过她‘非常奇怪’的童年，苏珊娜决心接受教育，过上正常的生活。‘很明显，我的父母不打算回去，我决定必须自学。’她回忆道。‘这是我离开这艘船的唯一希望。’)”及第五段“When she was 16, her parents enrlled her in a schl in New Zealand while they cntinued sailing. Despite the gaps in her educatin, Suzanne gt admitted t Oxfrd University and after saving up mney she’d earned wrking n a farm, Suzanne bught a ne-way plane ticket back t the UK.(当她16岁时，她的父母为她报名参加了新西兰的一所学校，同时他们继续航行。尽管教育水平存在差距，苏珊娜还是被牛津大学录取了，在攒下在农场工作挣来的钱后，苏珊娜买了一张回英国的单程机票。)”可知，Suzanne她果断且意志坚定。故选C项。
B
Using smartphnes t much might be bad fr mental health, but a new study fund an easy fix. Researchers studied what happened when peple agreed t blck the Internet frm their smartphnes fr just tw weeks. And it turns ut that mst felt better after the break.
The researchers included 467 vlunteers, aged 18 t 74, wh agreed t the mnth-lng study aimed at testing the thery that cnstant cnnectin t everything, all the time, has unintended cnsequences. The researchers measured three different results f well-being, md and attentin at the beginning, middle and end f the fur-week study.91% f vlunteers imprved their scres in at least ne aspect.
The mst surprising finding was that feeling less sad r wrried was just as gd as what happens when peple take medicine fr depressin(抑郁).“The results were much better than we thught,” said researcher Nah Castel. Tests als shwed peple culd fcus better — almst like their brains became 10 years yunger.
Adrian Ward explained why this wrks: “When peple stp staring at screens, they naturally d healthier things like ging utside, meeting friends, r trying new hbbies.” Peple als slept better and felt clser t thers.
But the study als shwed hw much we rely n phnes tday. Many peple had t turn the Internet back n smetimes fr imprtant things like maps r wrk calls. “We can't cmpletely stp using phnes,” Ward said,“ but taking smart breaks helps.”
Experts say mre studies with bigger grups are needed. Right nw, it seems peple aged 40-60 benefit the mst frm using phnes less, but we need mre research abut hw this affects teenagers.
The researchers suggested simple ways t cut phne use: Start with 30 phne-free minutes daily, increasing gradually. Pick ne weekly “lw-phne day,” turn ff app ntificatins, and find fun ffline activities like sprts r reading. These small changes can build healthier habits while keeping basic phne functins.
4. What is the mst surprising finding f the study?
A. Peple culd fcus better after the break.
B. Vlunteers aged 40-60 benefited the mst.
C. Mst vlunteers felt better after the experiment.
D. Mental health imprved like taking depressin medicine.
5. Why d phne breaks help, accrding t Ward?
A. Peple will rely less n phnes.
B. Phne breaks imprve screen quality.
C. Peple will fcus mre n their wrk.
D. Phne breaks encurage healthier activities.
6. What d researchers suggest?
A. Reducing screen time gradually.
B. Using apps nly fr wrk purpses.
C. Aviding phnes fr medical treatment.
D. Stpping nline activities immediately.
7. What is the best title fr the text?
A. We'd better stp using phnes.
B. Dangers f smartphne addictin.
C. Phne breaks imprve mental health.
D. New discveries in depressin treatment.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. A 7. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一项研究发现，减少使用手机上网时间能改善心理健康，并给出相关建议。
【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The mst surprising finding was that feeling less sad r wrried was just as gd as what happens when peple take medicine fr depressin(抑郁).“The results were much better than we thught,” said researcher Nah Castel..(最令人惊讶的发现是，减少悲伤或担忧的感觉与人们服用抗抑郁药物时的效果一样好。研究人员诺亚·卡斯特洛说：“结果比我们想象的要好得多”)”可知，该研究最令人惊讶的发现是参与者心理健康状况的改善程度与服用抗抑郁药物的效果相当。故选D项。
【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Adrian Ward explained why this wrks: “When peple stp staring at screens, they naturally d healthier things like ging utside, meeting friends, r trying new hbbies.” Peple als slept better and felt clser t thers.(阿德里安·沃德解释了其中的原因：“当人们不再盯着屏幕时，他们自然会做一些更健康的事情，比如出去走走、见见朋友或尝试新的爱好”人们的睡眠质量也更好了，并且感觉与他人的关系更亲近了。)”可知，沃德认为减少使用手机能鼓励人们进行更健康的活动，所以对人有帮助。故选D项。
【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The researchers suggested simple ways t cut phne use: Start with 30 phne-free minutes daily, increasing gradually. Pick ne weekly“ lw-phne day,” turn ff app ntificatins, and find fun ffline activities like sprts r reading. These small changes can build healthier habits while keeping basic phne functins.(研究人员提出了一些减少手机使用的简单方法：从每天30分钟不使用手机开始，逐渐增加时间。每周选择一天作为“少用手机日”，关闭应用程序通知，寻找像运动或阅读这样有趣的线下活动。这些小改变可以在保持基本手机功能的同时，培养更健康的习惯。)”可知，研究人员建议逐渐减少看屏幕的时间。故选A项。
【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开篇指出一项新研究发现减少使用手机上网时间能改善心理健康，接着阐述研究过程、结果以及给出相关建议，所以“减少使用手机时间能改善心理健康”最适合用作文章标题。故选C项。
C
I have pinins. Lts. Strng nes. I’m brn with them; there's judgment in my bnes. My dad nce said if I culd talk n the day I was brn, I wuld have criticized the way the nurses mved the hspital bed. He’s right.
Kids ften ask me abut where I stand n the big scial and plitical (政治的) issues. It makes sense, given my backgrund in plitical studies and gvernment. My g-t respnse? “Ask me in June.” It’s nt abut needing time t think ver my views; they’re set in stne. But in the classrm, I aim t play it neutral (中立的), like Shakespeare’s line, “I am nt what I am”.
Why d I stay neutral? Well, I have an interested class—eager yung minds ready t learn whatever I teach. It wuld be easy t make them think like me, but that’s nt what teaching is abut. Even thugh I strngly believe in certain things, frcing my wn ideas n students just desn’t feel right.
Back in 2016, a student wanted me t share my plitical views fr the schl magazine. I plitely refused. Instead, I ffered t write abut why I refused t share my views. I als wrte abut the issue f universities nt being neutral grund. Several f my prfessrs at university lved using the classrm as a way t tell students the “crrect” way t think, and the “best” way t view issues. But this is nt right.
Teaching is an hnr—it helps students grw their wn minds. My teaching philsphy is encuraging individuality; it’s nt abut me. I push students t carefully explre diverse viewpints with a critical eye, better preparing them fr the intellectual challenges beynd high schl. In shrt, a teacher’s rle is t help students think critically, nt t brainwash.
S, I’ll keep pushing my students t think hard. And if they want t knw where I stand, as I’ve said, they’ll have t wait till they graduate in June.
8. What des the authr mean by “they’re set in stne” in paragraph 2?
A. He has neutral pinins.B. He hlds strng beliefs.
C. His views are recrded.D. His ideas are unique.
9. Why did the authr refuse the student in paragraph 4?
A. He didn’t have any plitical views.
B. He preferred t write abut ther tpics.
C. He tried t avid influencing students’ thinking.
D. He thught it wrng fr students t discuss plitics.
10. Which statement wuld the authr mst likely agree with?
A. Believe in me, trust yur mind.
B. Teach me, teach my curisity.
C. Learn frm me, grw after me.
D. Lve me, think like me.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述作者虽观点坚定，但教学中保持中立，鼓励学生批判性探索多元观点，助力其独立思考。
【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“they’re set in stne”前一句“It’s nt abut needing time t think ver my views(这并非需要时间思考我的观点)”可知，作者的观点“坚定不移”。所以猜测set in stne意为“固定不变的”，与B选项He hlds strng beliefs.(他持有坚定的信念) 语义一致。故选B项。
【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Even thugh I strngly believe in certain things, frcing my wn ideas n students just desn’t feel right.(尽管我坚信某些事情，但把自己的想法强加给学生是不对的。)”及第四段“I als wrte abut the issue f universities nt being neutral grund. Several f my prfessrs at university lved using the classrm as a way t tell students the ‘crrect’ way t think, and the ‘best’ way t view issues. But this is nt right.(我还写过关于大学不是中立地的问题。我大学里的几位教授喜欢用课堂来告诉学生‘正确’的思考方式和‘最好’的看待问题的方式。但这是不对的。)”可知，作者拒绝学生是为了避免影响学生的独立思考。故选C项。
【10题详解】观点态度题。根据第五段“My teaching philsphy is encuraging individuality; it’s nt abut me. I push students t carefully explre diverse viewpints with a critical eye, better preparing them fr the intellectual challenges beynd high schl. In shrt, a teacher’s rle is t help students think critically, nt t brainwash.(我的教学理念是鼓励个性；这与我无关。我鼓励学生以批判性的眼光仔细探索不同的观点，更好地为高中以后的智力挑战做好准备。简而言之，教师的作用是帮助学生批判性思考，而不是洗脑。)”可知，作者认同“相信自己的思维”,避免用自己的观点影响学生的独立思考。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Humr is a cmmn human quality that brings jy t ur daily lives. ___11___ It helps us cnnect with thers mre easily, reduces stress in challenging times, and even imprves ur verall health. Dctrs have fund that peple wh laugh regularly tend t have strnger immune systems.
A number f factrs influence smene’s sense f humr. ___12___ Baby, fr example, tend t laugh at simple games like peek-a-b, while teenagers may delight in irny. As peple grw lder, what they find funny develps.
Cultural differences als play a big rle. A jke that’s extremely funny in ne cuntry might be rude in anther. ___13___
Nt everyne has a sense f humr. Thse with autism (自闭症), fr example, may take jkes literally and nt understand why thers are laughing. ___14___ Teachers smetimes ntice that students wh dn’t understand classrm jkes may feel lnely r left ut. This can create scial difficulties since humr is such an imprtant part f hw peple cmmunicate and make friends.
The gd news is that humr skills can imprve with practice. Many experts suggest that while sme peple are naturally funnier, everyne can develp their sense f humr. ___15___ Parents and teachers can help children by encuraging funny strytelling r jke-telling activities. Fr adults, jining a cmedy club r simply watching mre funny mvies can help deepen their understanding f humr.
A. Age is a big issue.
B. The mst imprtant thing is t be respectful.
C. Peple with a sense f humr feel less stressed.
D. In such situatin, they may feel uncmfrtable.
E. Fr yung children, playing fun games is a gd start.
F. Research shws humr is cnnected t prblem-slving skills.
G. A well-develped sense f humr ffers many benefits in life.
【答案】11. G 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. E
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了幽默感对人类生活的多重益处，并分析了影响幽默感的因素，同时指出幽默能力可以通过练习提升，介绍了儿童和成人的不同培养方式。
【11题详解】前文“Humr is a cmmn human quality that brings jy t ur daily lives. (幽默是带来快乐的常见人类特质)”引出幽默特质的话题，后文“It helps us cnnect with thers mre easily, reduces stress in challenging times, and even imprves ur verall health. Dctrs have fund that peple wh laugh regularly tend t have strnger immune systems. (它帮助我们更容易地与他人联系，在充满挑战的时候减轻压力，甚至改善我们的整体健康。医生发现，经常笑的人往往免疫系统更强)”列举幽默的各种积极作用，空处应概括幽默的益处，因此G项“A well-develped sense f humr ffers many benefits in life. (良好的幽默感对生活有很多好处)”符合语境，承接前文，和后文构成总分关系。故选G。
【12题详解】前文“A number f factrs influence smene’s sense f humr. (影响一个人幽默感的因素有很多)”指出幽默感受多种因素影响，后文“Baby, fr example, tend t laugh at simple games like peek-a-b, while teenagers may delight in irny. (例如，婴儿往往会对像躲猫猫这样的简单游戏发笑，而青少年可能会喜欢讽刺)”举出婴儿和青少年的例子，说明不同年龄的人喜欢不同类型的幽默，空处应点明年龄的影响，因此A项“Age is a big issue. (年龄是一个重要因素)”符合语境，承接前文，后文是对其例证。故选A。
【13题详解】前文“Cultural differences als play a big rle. A jke that’s extremely funny in ne cuntry might be rude in anther. (文化差异也起着很大的作用。在一个国家非常有趣的笑话在另一个国家可能是粗鲁的)”指出文化差异影响幽默，空处应给出与文化差异相关的结论或建议，因此B项“The mst imprtant thing is t be respectful. (最重要的是保持尊重)”符合语境，承接前文。故选B。
【14题详解】前文“Thse with autism (自闭症), fr example, may take jkes literally and nt understand why thers are laughing. (例如，自闭症患者可能会从字面上理解笑话，不明白别人为什么笑)”提到自闭症患者可能不理解笑话，后文“Teachers smetimes ntice that students wh dn’t understand classrm jkes may feel lnely r left ut. (老师有时会注意到，听不懂课堂笑话的学生可能会感到孤独或被冷落)”转到听不懂课堂笑话的学生的负面感受，空处应指出自闭症患者的负面感受，因此D项“In such situatin, they may feel uncmfrtable. (在这种情况下，他们可能感到不适)”符合语境，承接前文，其中的they指代前文的Thse with autism。故选D。
【15题详解】前文“The gd news is that humr skills can imprve with practice. Many experts suggest that while sme peple are naturally funnier, everyne can develp their sense f humr. (好消息是，幽默技巧可以随着练习而提高。许多专家认为，虽然有些人天生更有趣，但每个人都可以培养自己的幽默感)”指出幽默感可以通过练习提升，后文“Parents and teachers can help children by encuraging funny strytelling r jke-telling activities. (父母和老师可以通过鼓励有趣的讲故事或讲笑话的活动来帮助孩子)”给出帮孩子提升幽默感的具体建议，空处应过渡到孩子如何练习提升幽默感，因此E项“Fr yung children, playing fun games is a gd start. (对幼儿来说，玩有趣游戏是好的开始)”符合语境，承前启后。故选E。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Hiking Kilimanjar had never been n my “survivr’s list”, but I did enjy adventure. It all began when Christa tld me she was rganizing anther ___16___ and I was ready fr the ___17___.
After nine mnths f training, we started ___18___ ne afternn. Abut halfway up, we brke int smaller grups and I was in the ___19___ grup, and eventually fund myself alne with a guide. When I made it t the first camp, everyne was singing and dancing, ___20___ the end f day ne. I was s tired that I just sat dwn, trying t gather the ___21___ t find my tent.
The next mrning, we lined up again and I ___22___ went t the back fr being verweight. By midday, I realized I had made the biggest ___23___ in my life. I culd feel tears filling my eyes, and then the ___24___ vices raced in my head:
“Yu’re t fat!”
“Yu’re nt healthy enugh!”
“Yu dn’t belng here!”
I asked myself, “Is this the ___25___ thing I have ever dne?”
I thught back t thse six painful mnths in 2022 when I had cancer.
The answer was n.
I kept ___26___. It felt like hurs until I saw the tps f the dining tents. I dragged myself t a chair. Several wmen were already there, ___27___ the hard day. I felt ___28___ that I wasn’t the nly ne wh struggled.
The grund flattened ut as we went ___29___, and there was n shade frm the sun any mre. By the fifth day, when I arrived at the camp, it was midnight. And everyne had t be up and ___30___ by 11pm. I was sick with a cld. S, I decided nt t summit (登顶) Kilimanjar — ___31___, I watched the sunrise frm base camp. I had thught I wuld be ___32___ that I didn’t reach the summit. But in fact, I felt strnger that night than ever befre. I have n ___33___.
We all achieved ur ___34___ summits n this trip. I learned a similar lessn frm bth climbing a muntain and fighting cancer — that I can d hard things and ___35___.
16. A. climbB. gameC. raceD. dance
17. A. jbB. rutineC. challengeD. training
18. A. restingB. cmpetingC. runningD. hiking
19. A. slwerB. biggerC. betterD. luckier
20. A. expectingB. celebratingC. reachingD. frgetting
21. A. energyB. evidenceC. curageD. speed
22. A. hurriedlyB. autmaticallyC. aimlesslyD. carefully
23. A. wishB. mistakeC. decisinD. aplgy
24. A. sweetB. calmC. ludD. sft
25. A. craziestB. stupidestC. saddestD. tughest
26. A. walkingB. thinkingC. cryingD. questining
27. A. waiting frB. thinking fC. preparing frD. talking abut
28. A. interestedB. amusedC. excitedD. relieved
29. A. fasterB. deeperC. higherD. farther
30. A. quietB. determinedC. readyD. asleep
31. A. insteadB. besidesC. therefreD. therwise
32. A. dubtfulB. frightenedC. upsetD. bred
33. A. wrryB. regretC. fearD. shame
34. A. fixedB. riginalC. cmmnD. persnal
35. A. winB. dreamC. struggleD. survive
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. A 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者参与乞力马扎罗山徒步，虽因身体原因未登顶，但在过程中战胜自我，感悟到挑战与坚持的意义。
【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一切始于克丽斯塔告诉我她在组织另一次攀登，我准备好迎接挑战。A. climb攀登；B. game游戏；C. race比赛；D. dance舞蹈。根据上文“Hiking Kilimanjar”以及语境可知，此处指克丽斯塔组织乞力马扎罗山的攀登活动。故选A项。
【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一切始于克丽斯塔告诉我她在组织另一次攀登，我准备好迎接挑战。A. jb工作；B. rutine常规；C. challenge挑战；D. training训练。根据上文“Hiking Kilimanjar”以及常识可知，登山是具有难度的挑战，与后文克服困难的经历呼应。challenge符合语境。故选C项。
【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：九个月训练后，我们在一个下午开始徒步。A. resting休息；B. cmpeting竞争；C. running跑步；D. hiking徒步。根据上文“Hiking Kilimanjar”以及语境可知，这里指他们开始徒步登山。hiking是原词复现。故选D项。
【19题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大约走到一半的时候，我们分成了更小的小组，我在较慢的小组里，最终发现自己独自一人和导游在一起。A. slwer较慢的；B. bigger较大的；C. better较好的；D. luckier较幸运的。根据下文“struggled”、“verweight”可知，作者身体状态不佳，所以呆在较慢的小组。slwer符合其登山状态。故选A项。
【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我到达第一个营地时，每个人都在载歌载舞，庆祝第一天的结束。A. expecting期待；B. celebrating庆祝；C. reaching到达；D. frgetting忘记。根据上文“singing and dancing”可知，这是作者们庆祝一天行程结束的方式。celebrating符合场景。故选B项。
【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我累得坐了下来，试图集中精力找到我的帐篷。A. energy力气；B. evidence证据；C. curage勇气；D. speed速度。根据上文“trying t gather the”以及语境可知，这里指作者试图集中精力找到帐篷。前文tired说明需要力气行动。energy符合疲惫状态。故选A项。
【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我们再次排队，我因为超重而自动走到后面。A. hurriedly匆忙地；B. autmatically自动地；C. aimlessly漫无目的地；D. carefully仔细地。根据下文“fr being verweight”以及语境可知，这里指作者因体重问题，自动走到后面。autmatically体现无意识行为。故选B项。
【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：到中午，我意识到我犯了人生中最大的错误。A. wish愿望；B. mistake错误；C. decisin决定；D. aplgy道歉。根据下文“I culd feel tears filling my eyes”以及语境可知，这里指作者认为登山是错误，已经开始后悔了。mistake符合心理。故选B项。
【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我能感觉到泪水充满了我的眼睛，脑海中响起刺耳声音。A. sweet甜的；B. calm平静的；C. lud刺耳的；D. sft轻柔的。根据引号“Yu’re t fat!”等内容可知，这是作者的自我否定，所以这些声音刺耳。lud体现负面声音的强烈。故选C项。
【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我做过最艰难的事吗？A. craziest最疯狂的；B. stupidest最愚蠢的；C. saddest最悲伤的；D. tughest最艰难的。根据下文“I thught back t thse six painful mnths in 2022 when I had cancer.”作者癌症经历可知，作者对比两件艰难事。tughest符合语境。故选D项。
【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我继续走。A. walking走；B. thinking思考；C. crying哭；D. questining质疑。根据下文“saw the tps f the dining tents”可知，这里指作者继续走准备登山。walking符合行动描述。故选A项。
【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：几个女人已经在那里，谈论着艰难的一天。A. waiting fr等待；B. thinking f想起；C. preparing fr准备；D. talking abut谈论。根据下文“the hard day”以及语境可知，这里指她们交流当日感受， talking abut符合场景。故选D项。
【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我因并非唯一挣扎者而释然。A. interested感兴趣的；B. amused好笑的；C. excited兴奋的；D. relieved释然的。根据下文“I wasn’t the nly ne wh struggled”以及语境可知，这里指发现他人也有困难，作者心情释然。relieved符合心理变化。故选D项。
【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们越爬越高，地面平坦，无遮阳处。A. faster更快；B. deeper更深；C. higher更高；D. farther更远。根据上文“The grund flattened ut as we went”以及常识可知，登山过程是向高处行进。higher符合方向。故选C项。
【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所有人需在11点前起床准备。A. quiet安静的；B. determined坚定的；C. ready准备好的；D. asleep睡着的。根据上文“everyne had t be up”以及结合登山行程可知，这里指所有人起床准备好出发。ready符合安排。故选C项。
【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我决定不登顶，而是在大本营看日出。A. instead反而；B. besides此外；C. therefre因此；D. therwise否则。根据下文“I watched the sunrise frm base camp”以及语境可知，这里“不登顶”与“看日出”是替代关系。instead表转折替代，符合语境。故选A项。
【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我原以为会因未登顶而难过。A. dubtful怀疑的；B. frightened害怕的；C. upset难过的；D. bred无聊的。根据下文“that I didn’t reach the summit”以及语境可知，这里指作者原预想未完成目标会难过。upset符合预期情绪。故选C项。
【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不后悔。A. wrry担忧；B. regret后悔；C. fear恐惧；D. shame羞耻。根据上文“But in fact, I felt strnger that night than ever befre”以及语境可知，这里指作者在大本营看到日出，感觉非常强烈震撼，所以不后悔未登顶。故选B项。
【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们都达成了个人登顶。A. fixed固定的；B. riginal原始的；C. cmmn共同的；D. persnal个人的。根据下文“summits n this trip”以及语境可知，这里指作者虽未实质上登顶，但每个人都有个人成就，作者心里认为自己已经成功了，所以认为我们都达成个人登顶。persnal符合感悟。故选D项。
【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能做难事并坚持下去。A. win赢；B. dream梦想；C. struggle挣扎；D. survive坚持，挺过。根据上文“I thught back t thse six painful mnths in 2022 when I had cancer.”以及结合登山经历可知，这里指作者通过登上和抗癌学会坚持。故选D项。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hunan Restaurant in Lndn ____36____ (be) famus fr its special “n-menu” dining fr ver 40 years.
____37____(fund) in 1982 by Michael Peng’s father, the restaurant intrduced spicy flavrs (味道) f Hunan dishes t Lndn. His father riginally had a menu. ____38____, custmers ften received different dishes. They said they didn’t rder certain items, while his father insisted he had given them better dishes, ____39____ ften led t arguments ver the bill. When Michael tk ver the restaurant in 1999, he started a “n-menu” apprach. Unlike mst Chinese restaurants, meals ____40____ (arrange) based n guests’ preferences, dietary needs, and even cultural backgrund.
T ensure quality, Michael insisted n using fresh British ingredients (食材). He mentined that the simpler Hunan dishes were, the ____41____ (gd) ingredients were needed. The restaurant als ffered ____42____ (special) selected wines, including German wines which Peng fund perfect fr Chinese dishes.
Michael said that ____43____ unique “n-menu” idea depended heavily n custmer trust since it allwed chefs t chse meals t create a special dining experience. Despite its success, he acknwledged the challenges in Lndn's cmpetitive fd industry. With ____44____ (increase) numbers f Chinese restaurants pening, he added that true Chinese cking needed prper training, which was hard ____45____ (find) here.
Thugh sme custmers think Hunan Restaurant culd earn a Michelin star, Michael fcuses mre n making his team happy. “Happy staff make happy custmers,” he says.
【答案】36. has been 37. Funded 38. Hwever 39. which 40. are arranged 41. better 42. specially 43. the 44. increasing 45. t find
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了伦敦Hunan Restaurant的独特“无菜单”服务方式及其发展历程。
【36题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：40多年来，伦敦的湖南酒家一直以其独特的“无菜单”餐厅而闻名。根据时间状语fr ver 40 years可知，句子应使用现在完成时态。同时，主语Hunan Restaurant是单数形式，助动词用has。故填has been。
【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Michael Peng的父亲于1982年创立了这家餐厅，将湘菜的辣味引入了伦敦。空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，动词fund与句子的主语the restaurant之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词funded作状语；置于句首，首字母大写。故填Funded。
【38题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，顾客通常会收到不同的菜肴。前后句之间存在转折关系，且空格后有逗号，需要一个副词来表示这种转折，所以用副词hwever；置于句首，首字母大写。故填Hwever。
【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们声称自己并未点某些菜品，而他的父亲则坚称自己已经为他们提供了更好的菜品，这常常导致关于账单的争论。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以应该用关系代词which代替上文的内容在从句中作主语。故填which。
【40题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：与大多数中餐馆不同，这里的饭菜是根据客人的喜好、饮食需求甚至文化背景来安排的。空格处是谓语动词，根据上下文，句子描述的是客观情况，应使用一般现在时。同时，主语meals与动词arrange之间是被动关系，因此需要使用被动语态，主语是复数形式，be动词用are。故填are arranged。
【41题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：他提到，湖南菜越简单，就需要越好的食材。根据句意和上文的the simpler可知，此处考查固定句型“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……越……”，所以空格处用比较级better。故填better。
【42题详解】考查副词。句意：餐厅还提供特别精选的葡萄酒，其中包括德国葡萄酒，彭发现这些葡萄酒非常适合中国菜。空格处修饰下文的动词selected，应该用副词specially作状语。故填specially。
【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：Michael表示，这种独特的“无菜单”模式在很大程度上依赖于顾客的信任，因为它允许厨师根据顾客的喜好来选择菜品，从而为顾客营造出独特的用餐体验。此处特指“独特的无菜单理念”，需要使用定冠词the。故填the。
【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着越来越多的中餐馆开业，他补充道，正宗的中国菜需要专业的培训，而这种培训在这里很难找到。空格处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰下文的numbers，动词increase与名词numbers之间是主动关系，且表示正在进行，所以用现在分词increasing作定语。故填increasing。
【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着越来越多的中餐馆开业，他补充道，正宗的中国菜需要专业的培训，而这种培训在这里很难找到。“主语+be+adj+t d”是固定句型，用来描述主语的特征，所以空格处应该用不定式形式。故填t find。
第三部分 基础知识(共三节，满分30分)
第一节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，用所给单词的恰当形式填空。每个单词使用一次，每空填入一个单词。
Tday, I'd lve t share my travel experience in Jiangcheng, Yunnan Prvince, a place that left a(n) ___46___ n me.
I arrived in the small twn early in the mrning. The lcals ___47___ visitrs with warm smiles. Frm cnversatins with them, I knew that the twn had an interesting ___48___. It began as a small fishing village many years ag. As mre peple settled here, it was ___49___ transfrmed int a beautiful turist spt. Althugh the twn is in a(n) ___50___ part f the cuntry, it attracts many travelers wh ___51___ t escape frm the busy city life.
While walking arund, I was amazed at the design f the buildings ___52___ the ld and new styles. I lved the lder buildings, as if they were whispering stries f the past. Later I met a lcal artist wh shared hw art played a rle in the cmmunity. I ___53___ t his charming stries, ndding understandingly. He als explained that creating art required bth talent and the twn's ___54___ t use sme public spaces. It was truly an amazing place t ____55____ smething new and attractive.
【答案】46. impact 47. greeted 48. rigin 49. gradually 50. distant 51. desire 52. integrating 53. respnded 54. permissin 55. seek
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者分享在云南江城的旅行经历，介绍其由渔村渐成景点，虽地处偏远却吸引游客，还描述建筑风格融合及与当地艺术家交流，称此地能探寻新奇美好。
【46题详解】考查名词。句意：今天，我想分享一下我在云南江城的旅行经历，那是一个给我留下深刻印象的地方。根据上文“Tday, I'd lve t share my travel experience in Jiangcheng”可知，leave an impact n sb.为固定短语，意为“给某人留下影响”，符合语境，故填impact。
【47题详解】考查动词时态。句意：当地人用温暖的微笑迎接游客。此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，根据下文“visitrs with warm smiles.”可知，greet意为“迎接；问候”，符合语境，其过去式为greeted，故填greeted。
【48题详解】考查名词。句意：从和他们的交谈中，我了解到这个小镇有一个有趣的起源。根据空前的an interesting可知，此处应填名词，rigin意为“起源”，符合语境，故填rigin。
【49题详解】考查副词。句意：随着更多的人在这里定居，它逐渐变成了一个美丽的旅游景点。此处修饰动词transfrmed，应用副词，gradually意为“逐渐地”，符合语境，故填gradually。
【50题详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管这个小镇位于国家的一个偏远地区，但它吸引了许多渴望逃离繁忙城市生活的游客。此处修饰名词part，应用形容词，distant意为“遥远的；偏远的”，符合语境，故填distant。
【51题详解】考查动词时态。句意：尽管这个小镇位于国家的一个偏远地区，但它吸引了许多渴望逃离繁忙城市生活的游客。分析句子结构可知，此处是wh引导的定语从句，先行词是many travelers，关系代词wh在从句中作主语，指代复数，根据attracts可知，句子描述的是现实的情况，应用一般现在时，desire t d sth.意为“渴望做某事”符合语境，故填desire。
【52题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在四处走动的时候，我对融合了新旧风格的建筑设计感到惊讶。根据“the ld and new styles.”可知，integrate“融合”符合语境。句中已有谓语动词was amazed，此处应用非谓语动词，the buildings与integrate（使融合）之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填integrating。
【53题详解】考查动词时态。句意：我对他迷人的故事做出回应，理解地点点头。根据ndding understandingly可知，此处表示对故事做出回应，respnd t意为“对……做出回应”，符合语境；句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，respnd的过去式为respnded，故填respnded。
【54题详解】考查名词。句意：他还解释说，创作艺术既需要天赋，也需要得到小镇允许使用一些公共空间。根据空前的the twn's可知，此处应填名词，permissin意为“允许”，符合语境，故填permissin。
【55题详解】考查动词。句意：这确实是一个寻找新事物和有吸引力事物的神奇地方。此处是动词不定式作后置定语修饰place，seek意为“寻找”，符合语境，故填seek。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
用所给短语的恰当形式填入下列句子，使其意义完整。有两个短语多余。
56. The park was built ____________ the funder f the city.
57. Overfishing in this area has _________ a sharp decline in the fish ppulatin.
58. He decided t ______ the new sftware t see if it culd imprve his wrk efficiency.
59. Many f us depend n ur friends t _________ the struggling mments in ur lives.
60. She's learned t lve herself and her life _________ its hardships.
【答案】56. in memry f 57. resulted in 58. try ut 59. get thrugh 60. in spite f
【56题详解】考查固定短语。句意：这个公园是为纪念这座城市的创建者而建造的。根据“the funder f the city”以及句意“为纪念”可知应填in memry f，故填in memry f。
【57题详解】考查固定短语。句意：该地区的过度捕捞导致鱼类数量急剧减少。根据“a sharp decline in the fish ppulatin”以及句意“导致”可知应填result in，根据上文has可知为现在完成时。故填resulted in。
【58题详解】考查固定短语。句意：他决定试用一下这款新软件，看看它是否能提高他的工作效率。根据“see if it culd imprve his wrk efficiency”以及句意“试用”可知应填try ut，不定式作宾语，故填try ut。
【59题详解】考查固定短语。句意：我们很多人都依靠朋友来度过生活中的艰难时刻。根据“the struggling mments”以及句意“度过”可知应填get thrugh，故填get thrugh。
【60题详解】考查固定短语。句意：她已经学会了爱自己以及热爱自己的生活，即便生活充满艰辛。根据“hardships”以及句意“即便”可知应填in spite f，故填in spite f。
第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据中文提示和所给的英文部分完成下列句子。
61. 正是在这里的所见所闻才让我真正体会了中国文化的魅力。
_________ what I saw and heard here __________ the charm f Chinese culture.
【答案】 ①. It was ②. that helped/ made/ let me truly experience /feel
【详解】考查强调句和时态。根据句意和中文提示可知，这里时态应用一般过去时，表示过去情况。表示“正是”应用It ，为强调句句型，这里对主语从句what I saw and heard here ；表示“让我真正体会了”应用helped/ made/let me truly experience/feel，其中helped/made/let在本句中作谓语，时态为一般过去时，experience/feel在本句中作宾补。故填It was；that helped/made/let me truly experience /feel。
62. 得到老师的激励后，他发现没有什么比追求梦想更有意义了。
________________ his teacher, he fund there was nthing ________________.
【答案】 ①. Encuraged/Inspired by ②. mre meaningful than pursuing/ging after his dream
【详解】考查非谓语动词和短语。第一空表示“得到激励”用过去分词短语encuraged/inspired by，作状语，与he构成被动关系，首字母大写；第二空表示“更有意义”为比较级mre meaningful；表示“比”用介词than；表示“追求梦想”可用动宾短语pursue/g after his dream，作介词than宾语，用动名词形式。故填①Encuraged/Inspired by；②mre meaningful than pursuing/ging after his dream。
63. 外面有许多孩子吵闹，她觉得很难集中精力学习。
With ___________ utside, she fund ___________ her lessns.
【答案】 ①. many kids/children making nises / many nisy kids ②. it (was) hard t cncentrate/ fcus n/ be absrbed in
【详解】考查with复合结构和固定句型。分析句子可知，第一空：with 复合结构的形式为“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”。在“外面有许多孩子吵闹”这个表达中，“许多孩子”是宾语，可以用“many kids/children”，“吵闹”在这里是宾语补足语，表达孩子们主动发出的动作，要用现在分词形式。“吵闹”常见表达有“make nises”，其现在分词是“making nises”；也可以直接用形容词“nisy”修饰“kids”，即“many nisy kids”。所以第一空可以填“many kids/children making nises /many nisy kids”。第二空：在“她觉得很难集中精力学习”中，“find”后面常用“it (was)+ 形容词 + t d sth.”结构，“it”作形式宾语（如果用“it was”，“it”作形式主语，“was”是系动词 ，构成主系表结构），真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。“集中精力”常见表达有“cncentrate n” “fcus n” “be absrbed in”，“难的”是“hard”，所以第二空填“it (was) hard t cncentrate/fcus n/be absrbed in”。故分别填many kids/children making nises / many nisy kids；it (was) hard t cncentrate/ fcus n/ be absrbed in。
64. 我们坚持海洋探索，是为了了解人类的起源。
The reasn __________ explring the sea __________ we want t knw the rigin f human beings.
【答案】 ①. why we insist n/persist in/ keep (n) /fr ur insisting/persisting n ②. is that
【详解】考查定语从句、表语从句和短语。根据动词want以及句意可知此句陈述一般性事实，用一般现在时；表示“……的理由是……”可用句型为the reasn why…is that…，why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句；第一空主语为we；表示“坚持……”可用insist n/persist in/ keep (n)；“……的理由” 也可表述为the reasn fr，后跟名词/动名词作宾语，“我们坚持……”为ur insisting/persisting n；第一空填why we insist n/persist in/ keep (n) 或fr ur insisting/persisting n；第二空填is that。故填why we insist n/persist in/ keep (n) /fr ur insisting/persisting n；②is that。
65. 他一回国就投入研究，为国家发展做出了巨大贡献。
__________ China, he devted himself t his research, _________ the develpment f his cuntry.
【答案】 ①. Upn/On returning t/The instant/mment/As sn as/Immediately/Instantly he returned t ②. making great cntributins t/which made great cntributins t
【详解】考查固定短语、时间状语从句、非谓语动词和定语从句。主句为he devted himself t his research，且使用了一般过去时。第一空表示“一……就……”，可使用介词短语upn/n ding sth.在句中作时间状语，或使用由the instant/mment/as sn as/immediately/instantly引导的时间状语从句。“回国”中的“回”可使用动词短语return t。第一空如使用前述介词短语，则应为upn/n returning t；如使用时间状语从句，则根据主句部分的时态也应使用一般过去时，为the instant/mment/as sn as/immediately/instantly he returned t。第二空表达“为……做出巨大贡献”，可使用动词短语make great cntributins t，因make与主语he之间为主动关系，应使用现在分词短语作伴随状语或结果状语，则该空处理为making great cntributins t。另该空前有逗号，也可使用which引导的非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语，指代前面的主句，指他投身研究这一行为。故第一空填Upn/On returning t/The instant/mment/As sn as/Immediately/Instantly he returned t，第二空填making great cntributins t/which made great cntributins t。
第四部分 书面表达（满分30分）
66. 假设你是高一学生李华，你校正举办“身边最美人物”评选活动，请以The mst beautiful persn I knw为题向校英语报投稿，推荐此人并说明理由。
注意：1.词数120左右。
2.不要透露真实人名和校名。
The Mst Beautiful Persn I knw
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
The mst beautiful persn I knw
In my mind, the mst beautiful persn is my classmate, Zhang Wei. His kindness and selflessness are truly remarkable.
Last mnth, a classmate fell ill and had t stay at hme fr a week. Zhang Wei immediately stepped in. He helped the classmate catch up with the missed lessns and visited every day, bringing bth academic supprt and hmemade fd.
Zhang Wei is always the first t ffer help, whether it’s carrying heavy hand-uts fr a teacher r cmfrting a friend in need. His empathy and dedicatin t thers make him a shining star in ur class. True beauty, in my view, is nt abut appearance but abut the heart. Zhang Wei’s unwavering kindness makes him the mst beautiful persn I knw.greet impact permissin seek respnd desire rigin gradually distant integrate
result in try ut in spite f get thrugh in memry f by accident keep in tuch (with)