2026届高考英语一轮总复习写作培优高分进阶第2部分读后续写第5讲续写语言提升课件

这是一份2026届高考英语一轮总复习写作培优高分进阶第2部分读后续写第5讲续写语言提升课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了第五讲　续写语言提升，selfish ，merely ，exhausted ，desperate ，hurriedly， worn out，her ，old man ，hopeless等内容，欢迎下载使用。
由读后续写评分原则可知，读后续写作文对词汇应用的丰富性、准确性都做出了明确的要求。文中除了要准确使用词汇外，也要注意所用词汇的丰富性：减少基础词汇(如笼统词、低年级常用词等)的使用，培养使用复杂词汇(如具体词、派生词、短语等)的习惯，从而使文章内容更加生动、丰富，提升文章档次。
第一节　词汇升级常用词汇升级方法如下：
就读后续写来说，最主要的升级方法是笼统词变具体词和单词变短语。
类型1　笼统词变具体词笼统词指一些描述范围较大、指向信息不明确的词语，而具体词往往是这类词语的具体描述。笼统词变具体词可以使叙述的内容更加准确，行文更加生动。As sn as the puppy heard his ftsteps, it ran twards him.一听到他的脚步声，波比就朝他跑了过来。
如果将句中的 ran 改为 darted(飞奔，像飞镖一样射出去)，可以更准确地表现出小狗激动的情绪，使读者产生更直接的观感，这是笼统词变具体词的一大好处。但是在使用的时候也需要注意用词是否符合语境，如上句中，若将 run改为 sprint(冲刺)，则无法展现小狗对主人的友好，不符合句子的语境。
按照词性进行划分，常用的笼统词变具体词示例如下：
即时演练1结合语境，将句中笼统词替换成具体词以优化表达1．I decided that I am very bad.I've been mainly cncerned with myself.→I decided that I am very __________.I've been mainly cncerned with myself.2．It was nly a flicker f light in the distance, yet it filled them with hpe.→It was _________ a flicker f light in the distance, yet it filled them with hpe.
3．Feeling tired and helpless, Maur left a gdbye nte t his wife n the wall f the tmb and prepared t meet his untimely end.→Feeling ____________ and __________, Maur left a gdbye nte t his wife n the wall f the tmb and prepared t meet his untimely end.4．Seeing this, the guy quickly let g f Kim and brke int a run.→Seeing this, the guy ____________ let g f Kim and brke int a run.
5．Thrugh this unfrgettable and remarkable thing, it eventually dawned n me that nthing is difficult with a willing heart.→Thrugh this unfrgettable and remarkable _____________________it eventually dawned n me that nthing is difficult with a willing heart.
event/experience
类型2　单词变短语用意思相同或相近的短语替换单词，可以达到优化表达的效果。较为常见的是将动词替换成动词短语，也有一些将副词替换成副词短语、介词替换成介词短语的情况，将形容词替换成“f＋名词”的情况也比较常见，例如：valuable→f great value。现将一些高频的单词替换成短语的情况归纳如下：
即时演练2结合语境，将单词替换成短语以优化表达1．Usually, he wuld walk alne by the lake in a daze.______________2．It has given us a richer understanding f certain learning mechanisms, particularly abut nn-humans._________________3．The minute I heard the first nte f her vice，I cried.____________
Mre ften than nt
with regard t
burst int tears
4．Remember that the rules we're talking abut here are nt rules yu explicitly knw._______________5．Keep an eye ut fr the beautiful, bserve the unusual, and see the surprising._________________6．It is imprtant t keep calm in such an emergency.______________7．She is a gd singer, and her music attracts a much larger audience._____________8．We were s tired when we returned frm the fields that we went t bed immediately.___________
Bear in mind
catch sight f
f imprtance
第二节　句式升级要提高读后续写的语言表达能力，我们除了掌握读后续写常用的一些词语外，在平时的学习中还要注意积累一些常用句式，并背诵、默写、仿写，最后做到运用自如。提分句式1　无灵主语句，写情更细腻在英美人的思维中，往往更注意客观事物和现象对人的作用和影响，反映在语言表达上就是经常用无生命名词作主语。无灵主语句的使用可以有效地提升作文的档次。句型公式1：A wave f/A sense f...＋情感名词＋有灵动词＋sb.
普通：I felt regretful when I heard the bad news.升级1：A wave f regret swept ver me as I heard the bad news.当我听到那个坏消息时，一股悔恨的浪潮席卷了我。升级 2：A strng sense f regret tk hld f me the mment I heard the bad news.当我听到那个坏消息时，一种强烈的悔恨之情控制了我。
句型公式2：身体部位的名词/“音、容、笑”的名词＋有灵动词(短语)
普通：She felt very delighted when I gave her the present.升级：Her face brightened when I gave her the present.我给她礼物时，她的脸上焕发出了光彩。
句型公式3：情感名词＋有灵动词＋sb.(使某人不能做某事)(1)情感名词＋deprived/rbbed sb. f sth.(使某人丧失……的能力)普通：I was t astnished t speak anything.升级：Astnishment deprived me f my pwer f speech.惊讶使我说不出话来。
(2)情感名词＋ prevented sb. frm ding sth.(使某人无法做某事)普通：He was t afraid t mve.升级：A strng wave f fear prevented him frm mving.强烈的恐惧感使他无法动弹。(3) wrds等名词＋ failed sb.(某人无法做某事)普通：I was speechless when I tried t express my heartfelt thanks.升级：Wrds failed me when I tried t express my heartfelt gratitude.当我试图表达我衷心的感谢时，我说不出话来。
即时演练1Ⅰ.用无灵主语升级下列句子1．I felt happy as I heard the gd news.→______________________________ the mment I heard the exciting news.(delight)2．When she realized the little by had lied, she felt very disappinted.→Realizing the little by had lied，_____________________________________________________________.
A wave f delight seized me
a lk f disappintment passed
ver/spread acrss/flashed her face
3．On the stage, he was t nervus t speak.→On the stage, nervusness ___________________________________.(deprive)→On the stage, nervusness ___________________________.(prevent)→On the stage，________________ because he was t nervus.(fail)
deprived him f his pwer f speech
prevented him frm speaking
wrds failed him
4．As sn as I saw the rescuers，I gt very excited.→The instant I saw the rescuers, _______________________________.(bld)5．She cried as she realized what her friend had dne fr her.→_________________________,as she realized what her friend had dne fr her.(tear, well up)6．I felt guilty after I heard what he said.→Having heard what he said，___________________________.(guilt)
bld passed ver/rushed t my head
Tears welled up in her eyes
a wave f guilt washed ver me
7．He was relieved t learn that n ne was hurt in the accident.→____________________________________,when he learned that n ne was hurt in the accident.(relief)8．When she realized that the shp was n fire, she felt frightened.→When she realized that the shp was n fire，___________________________.(fear)
A feeling f relief/Relief swept ver him
(a sense f) fear seized
Ⅱ.用无灵主语完成/翻译下列句子1．当我意识到我是金牌的赢家时，满是惊讶和怀疑。(surrund)When I realized that I was the winner f Gld medal，_____________________________________.2．当他看着烟花照亮天空时，他感到一种令人难以置信的幸福。(sweep)_______________________________________as he watched firewrks light up the sky.
surprise and
unbelief surrunded me
A feeling f incredible happiness swept ver him
3．当小女孩醒来时，她母亲转哭为笑。(give way t)As the little girl wke up，____________________________________.4．当她见到她分开多年的最好的朋友时，她的脸上洋溢着纯粹的喜悦和幸福。(light up)_________________________________________ when she saw her best friend after years apart.
her mther's tears gave way t laughter
Her face lit up with sheer delight and happiness
5．她心中涌起一阵骄傲，因为她成功地救了那个老人。(well up)____________________________________________________________________6．我伤心得说不出话来。(rb)______________________________________________________
A burst f pride/Pride welled up inside her as she successfully saved the
The sadness rbbed me f the pwer t say anything.
提分句式2　形容词(短语)作状语，描写更生动句型公式：①形容词(短语)，主＋谓……②主＋谓………，形容词(短语)形容词(短语)作状语可位于句首、句末或句中。其主要功能是表达人物做某个动作的原因、结果或者伴随状态，可以增强感染力，使描述更生动形象。
1．表原因(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Afraid f hearing the ther name，I lwered my head and thught t myself.我害怕听到另一个名字，我低下头想了想。Eager t see the sunrise, they gt up at fur.他们渴望看日出，4点钟就起床了。
2．表结果After the lng jurney, he finally gt hme, tired ut/wrn ut/exhausted.经过长途跋涉，他终于回到了家，累的精疲力尽。Jack came back hme frm the disaster area, safe and sund.杰克从灾区安然无恙地回到家中。
3．表伴随Deep in thught, Mary sat still against the dr.玛丽静静地坐在门口，陷入沉思。Lst in the frest, Mary lay under a tree, full f fear and despair.玛丽迷失在森林里，躺在树下，充满了恐惧和绝望。
即时演练2用形容词作状语完成/翻译下列句子1．他的父母对他的表现很满意，于是给他买了一辆自行车作为奖励。____________________________ , his parents bught him a bicycle as a reward.2．我转过身来面对她，准备好了让她看到我眼中的愤怒和失望。I turned ver and faced her，_______________________________________________________________.
Satisfied with his perfrmance
ready t let her see the anger and
disappintment in my eyes
3．我们看着房屋被暴风雨摧毁，无助而绝望。We watched the huses being destryed by the strm，_______________________.4．由于担心她母亲的健康状况，她不得不提前回家。___________________________________________________________________
helpless and
Wrried abut her mther's health, she had t return hme ahead f
5．五个小时后，他们终于回到了家，疲惫而又兴奋。_______________________________________________________6．我担心女儿的安全，给女儿打了很多次电话。_______________________________________________________
Five hurs later, they arrived hme eventually, tired but excited.
Anxius abut my daughter's safety，I called her many times.
提分句式3　非谓语动词作状语，表达更简洁非谓语动词ding, having dne和dne作状语时，主要表示原因、结果或伴随情况。ding/having dne形式所表达的动作与主语之间构成主动关系，dne则与主语构成被动关系。用非谓语动词把同时发生或先后发生的两个动作连接起来，这样句子就不会显得单调，每个动作也能更紧密地衔接在一起。
句型公式1：主语＋did sth., ding...或者Ding...，主语＋did sth.分析：两个动作同时发生，而且主语都一样，就可以用分词作状语，ding表示主动。(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)We talked fr a while, recalling the jurney I embarked n and the dubts I vercame.我们聊了一会儿，回忆起我开始的旅程和我克服的疑虑。
句型公式 2：主语＋ did sth., dne...或者Dne...，主语＋did sth.分析：dne与逻辑主语是被动关系。(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Dminated by an verwhelming sense f excitement and pride at his wrds, I simply std there dumbfunded.我对他的话感到了一种强烈的兴奋和自豪，但我只是目瞪口呆地站在那里。Immersed in a strng sense f fear, she culd nt say a wrd.她沉浸在一种强烈的恐惧感中，一句话也说不出来。
句型公式3：Having dne sth., sb. did sth.分析：如果想强调同一个主语一个动作做完之后又做了另一个动作，就可以把先发生的用 having dne的形式来表示。Having walked fr quite a lng time, she fund herself lst.＝After she walked fr quite a lng time, she fund herself lst.走了很长时间后，她发现自己迷路了。
即时演练3Ⅰ.用非谓语动词作状语升级下列句子1．She felt exhausted and sat by the stream, and rested her aching feet.→She felt exhausted and sat by the stream，____________________.2．She was dressed in a Santa Claus cstume, she slipped int the rm withut being nticed.→______________________________ , she slipped int the rm withut being nticed.
resting her aching feet
Dressed in a Santa Claus cstume
3．Sam felt s angry that he strmed ut f the rm, and slammed the dr angrily behind him.→Sam felt s angry that he strmed ut f the rm, ____________________________ behind him.4．After the wman waited in line fr an hur at the bank, she grew impatient and left.→_____________________________________, the wman grew impatient and left.
slamming the
dr angrily
Having waited in line fr an hur at the bank
5．He was misunderstd by his teacher and laughed at by everyne, he felt rather upset and depressed.→________________________________________________ , he felt rather upset and depressed.
Misunderstd by his teacher and laughed at by everyne
6．The teacher sat dwn n the bench, next t Gemma, patted her shulder gently, and said gently，“I knw yu were just t nervus, but it's kay.”→_______________________ , next t Gemma, the teacher patted her shulder gently，_____________，“I knw yu were just t nervus, but it's kay.”
Sitting dwn n the bench
saying gently
7．After he reviewed his lessns fr a whle weekend at hme, he expected the cming exam with cnfidence.→______________________________________________ , he expected the cming exam with cnfidence.
Having reviewed his lessns fr a whle weekend at hme
Ⅱ.用非谓语动词作状语完成/翻译下列句子1．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)听到老师的鼓励，我对写作更有信心了。_______________________________，I am even mre cnfident t writing.2．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)我被他的话打动了，于是我决定在写作上取得更大的进步，以达到他的期望。__________________，I made up my mind t make mre prgress in writing s as t live up t his expectatin.
Hearing my teacher's encuragement
Struck by his wrds
3．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)在欢呼声中，我在记者的镜头前，在数千名家长和学生的目光下接受了金牌。(verwhelm)_______________________，I accepted the gld medal in frnt f cameras f reprters and thusands f eyes f parents and students.4．(2022·1月浙江卷)我深知自己的优点和缺点，所以我决定专注于与这些主题打交道的工作。___________________________________________，I decided t fcus n the task f wrking with the subjects.
Overwhelmed with cheers
Knwing my strengths and weaknesses all t well
5．听到这话，简用尽全力抓住把手，把门拉开了。____________ , Jane tk hld f the handle，_________________, and was able t pull the dr pen.6．承诺了五点之前我们能到那儿，所以当车抛锚的时候，我非常慌张。_____________________________________________，I was seized with panic when the car brke dwn.
Hearing that
using all her strength
Having prmised that we wuld get there befre five
7．她感到令人难以忍受的寒冷和疲惫，她不知道如何应对这种可怕的情况。_________________________________,she had n idea hw t cpe with the terrible situatin.8．她感到一阵悲伤，忍不住地哭了起来。___________________________________________
Feeling unbearably cld and exhausted
Feeling a surge f sadness, she culdn't help crying.
提分句式4　独立主格与with复合结构，句式更灵活非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语须与主句主语保持一致。若不一致，非谓语动词形式须另带主语，从而构成复合结构的形式作状语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。独立主格结构，一般用逗号与主句分开，其作用相当于一个状语从句或并列句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等。独立主格经常可以和with复合结构互换。
句型公式：①独立主格结构：名词/代词＋非谓语动词(-ing形式、-ed 形式或不定式)、形容词、副词或介词短语。②with复合结构： with＋名词/代词＋非谓语动词(-ing形式、-ed 形式或不定式)、形容词、副词或介词短语。
(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)As I entered, he lked up frm his desk，(with) a warm smile spreading acrss his face.我进去的时候，他从桌子上抬起头来，脸上露出了温暖的微笑。Her father was lying n his back，(with) his dg trapped under the truck.她的父亲仰面躺着，他的狗被困在卡车下面。
即时演练4Ⅰ.用独立主格与with复合结构升级下列句子1．He struggled t run twards the finishing line.His muth was dry and his legs trembled.→He struggled t run twards the finishing line，_________________________________.(独立主格结构)→He struggled t run twards the finishing line，_______________________________________.(with复合结构)
his muth dry and his
legs trembling
with his muth dry
and his legs trembling
2．Her eyes sparkled with excitement, and she struggled t her feet and shuted，“I'm here！”→_____________________ with excitement, she struggled t her feet and shuted，“I'm here！”(独立主格结构)→______________________ with excitement, she struggled t her feet and shuted，“I'm here！”(with复合结构)
Her eyes sparkling
With her eyes sparkling
3．He cast us a glance, and his face wre a warm smile.→He cast us a glance, ________________________________.(独立主格结构)→He cast us a glance, ___________________________________.(with复合结构)
his face wearing a warm smile
with his face wearing a warm smile
4．His wife was in deep srrw and her eyes were full f tears.→His wife was in deep srrw, ____________________.(独立主格结构)→His wife was in deep srrw, ________________________.(with复合结构)
her eyes full f tears
with her eyes full f tears
Ⅱ.用独立主格与with复合结构完成/翻译下列句子1．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)我是如此的高兴和激动，(与)泪水模糊了我的眼睛。I was s happy and thrilled, ________________________________.2．几秒钟后，那个女孩出现了，手里紧紧地拿着一个纸袋。In a few secnds, the girl turned up，__________________________________.
(with) tears blurring my eyes
with a paper bag held tightly in her
3．它披着棕色的卷发，四下张望，眼睛里闪烁着好奇和有点不安。 Cated with brwn curly hair, it lked everywhere, ________________________________________________________.4．眼睛凝视着家庭相册，他想到了他和祖父母在一起的快乐时光。____________________________________ , he thught f the fun he had when he lived with his grandparents.
eyes sparkling
with curisity and a little uneasiness
(With) his eyes fixed n the family album
5．泪水涌上眼睛，他用颤抖的声音向警察道谢。_______________________________, he thanked the plice in a trembling vice.6．天逐渐变黑，所以简在森林中迷路了。_____________________________________________________
(With) tears welling up in his eyes
With the sky turning dark gradually, Jane gt lst in the frest.
7．他冲进房间，心脏狂跳，满脸通红。__________________________________________________________8．他躺在草地上，双手交叉在头顶下。__________________________________________________________
He rushed t the rm with his heart beating wildly and his face flushing.
He was lying n the grass，(with) his hands crssed under his head.
提分句式5　运用虚拟语气，文采更出众虚拟语气是通过语法手段来表达出对别人的尊敬或尽量使自己的语气委婉、客气的效果。虚拟语气的形式多种多样，在写作中，虚拟语气能够表达其他任何语气所无法取代的丰富的感情色彩。我们使用虚拟语气时，多数情况是因为表达者的语用目的，而不是简单表达一个相反的事实。说话者一般都是借助这个“虚拟情况”委婉表达一个言外之意，达到一个特定的交流目的，在很大程度上避免出现尴尬处境。例如：
If I had enugh mney, I wuld help yu.如果我有足够的钱，我就会帮助你。分析：这句话的真正含义是I will nt help yu，通过使用if条件句，help的行为便成了一种假设的虚拟行为。听话者从该条件可以自己推断出这样的结论：我可能不帮你。
一、虚拟语气的常用句式句型公式1：“If sb. had dne..., sb. wuld have dne”或者“Had sb. dne..., sb. wuld have dne”如果某人过去……，某人就……(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)If I hadn't attended the cntest, I wuldn't have wn the gld medal!＝Had I nt attended the cntest，I wuldn't have wn the gld medal!如果我没有参加比赛，我就不会获得金牌！
句型公式2：“Withut/But fr..., sb. wuld have dne”要不是……分析：该句式相当于 If there had nt been..., sb. wuld have dne 或者 Had there nt been..., sb. wuld have dne
(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Withut yur recgnitin and guidance，I culdn't have written this article.Again thank yu very much!如果没有你的认可和指导，我就不可能写这篇文章。再次非常感谢你！
句型公式3：“If nly sb. had dne...”某人要是……就好了If nly I had been the third runner wh had gt t the finish line.要是我是第三位到达终点线的跑步者该多好啊！句型公式4：Hw sb. wished (nt) dne sth.! 某人多么希望……Hw Timmy wished that he hadn't been s rude t his cach!蒂米多么希望他没有那么粗鲁的对待教练啊！
句型公式5：sb.＋谓语， wishing that sb. had (nt) dne sth.I was rted n the grund due t being frightened, wishing that I had refused my mther's advice yesterday.我由于恐惧而站在地上，真希望我昨天拒绝了妈妈的建议。句型公式6：“sb.＋谓语， as if sb. had dne”表达形象生动The glasses drpped int the river, as if the water had swallwed them.眼镜掉到河里，好像被水吞没了。
二、虚拟语气表达不同情绪1．后悔、遗憾、悔恨If I had taken his advice，I wuldn't have been trapped in the awful situatin nw!如果我采纳了他的建议，我现在就不会被困在这个可怕的境地了！
2．生气、愤怒“If yu had been mre patient, the situatin wuld nt have been s terrible.”I culdn't cntain my anger and shuted at him.“如果你能再耐心点，情况就不会那么糟糕，”我不能抑制我的愤怒并大声对他喊叫。
3．感激But fr/Withut his help, I wuldn't have gt ut f truble.I wed all my luck t him.＝If it had nt been fr his help，I wuldn't have gt ut f truble.I wed all my luck t him.如果没有他的帮助，我不可能走出困境。我把我所有的运气都归功于他。
即时演练5Ⅰ.用虚拟语气升级下列句子1．If it hadn't been fr yur advice，I wuldn't have succeeded.→___________________________I wuldn't have succeeded.(but fr/withut)2．If yu had taken my advice, yu wuldn't have made such a mistake.→______________________,yu wuldn't have made such a mistake.(倒装)
Withut/But fr yur advice
Had yu taken my advice
3．If it had nt been fr yur selfless help, I wuldn't have finally made great prgress in my English.→__________________________________，I wuldn't have finally made great prgress in my English.(倒装)→___________________________________，I wuldn't have finally made great prgress in my English.(but fr/withut)
Had it nt been fr yur selfless help
But fr/Withut yur selfless help
Ⅱ.用虚拟语气完成/翻译下列句子1．我几乎快要崩溃了。我多么希望我以前好好努力了。 (hw)I was almst n the edge f breaking dwn.______________________________________.2．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)“要不是因为你，先生，我就不会成功的。”我衷心地感谢了他。(倒装)“_______________________________________________.”I thanked him with heartfelt gratitude.
Hw I wish I had wrked
Had it nt been fr yu, mister，I wuldn't have made it
3．他翻了相册，希望自己昨晚参加了派对。He turned ver the pht album, __________________________________________.4．没有埃里克的鼓励，我剩下的时间都沉浸在悲伤之中。__________________________________，I wuld have been immersed in srrw fr the rest f the day.
wishing that he had jined the party
Withut/But fr Eric's encuragement
5．要不是我的粗鲁，我们就不会吵架了。________________________________________________________6．“要是我当初听取了妈妈的建议该多好！”小女孩低声对自己说。______________________________________________________________________________________
But fr my rudeness, we wuldn't have quarreled with each ther.
“If nly I had listened t my mther's advice！” the little girl
whispered t herself.
提分句式6　运用倒装句，句子更亮眼倒装句的使用丰富了语言表达，让句式更加多样。因此，写作中适当用一些倒装句式会使文章的表达更生动、有力、让阅卷老师眼前一亮。部分倒装1: S＋adj./adv.＋be动词/助动词＋主语． 如此……以至于……During the exam, s nervus was I that my mind went blank.考试中我如此紧张以至于大脑一片空白。
部分倒装2：n./adj./adv.＋as/thugh＋主语＋谓语，主句　尽管/虽然……Disappinted as/thugh I was, I still managed a weak smile n my face.虽然我很失望，我依然挤出一丝微笑。
部分倒装3：Only＋状语/状语从句＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语＋其他　只有……(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Only by daring t try can we make a breakthrugh.只有敢于尝试，我们才能取得突破。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)I encuraged David wh was at a lss，“D keep in mind that nly by pssessing a gd state f mind can yu attain success.”我鼓励不知所措的大卫：“务必记住只有拥有良好的心态你才能获得成功。”
部分倒装4：Nt until＋状语/状语从句＋助动词＋主语． until he had failed in the jb interview did he realize hw imprtant cnfidence was.直到他面试失败，他才意识到自信是多么重要。部分倒装5：Hardly had sb. sner had sb. 　一……就……N sner had he realized his mistake than he aplgized t his friend.他一意识到自己的错误就向朋友道歉。
全部倒装6：Here/There/Out/In/Up/Dwn/Away/Nw/Then...＋谓语(表示运动的不及物动词)＋主语Fllwing the rar, ut rushed a tiger frm amng the bushes.一声吼叫，呼地从丛林中窜出一只老虎。全部倒装7：介词短语＋谓语(不及物动词，如 lie, stand, sit, exist, stretch, cme)或系动词be＋主语(名词)In the drway std a man with a hammer.门口站着一个拿锤子的人。
全部倒装8：分词短语＋ be＋主语(名词)Lying n the flr was a by aged abut 17.躺在地板上的是一个约17岁的男孩。
即时演练6Ⅰ.用倒装升级下列句子1．Thugh we were stressed ut, ur eyes were glittering with hpe.→____________________________,ur eyes were glittering with hpe.2．Hearing the cry, the by rushed ut in an instant, trying t find ut what had happened.→Hearing the cry，_____________________________ , trying t find ut what had happened.
Stressed ut as/thugh we were
ut rushed the by in an instant
3．The little girl was s particular abut/ver fd that her parents shed tears f anxiety and wrry.→________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．I didn't realize a small act f care can melt peple's lneliness until I experienced the event.→____________________________________________________________________________________________________
S particular abut/ver fd was the little girl that her parents shed tears f anxiety and wrry.
Nt until I experienced the event did I realize a small act f care can melt peple's lneliness.
5．Mike had hardly finished his perfrmance when the audience all rse t their feet, clapping wildly.→______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hardly had Mike finished his perfrmance when the audience all rse t their feet, clapping wildly.
Ⅱ.用倒装完成/翻译下列句子1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)尽管他很痛苦，也有点尴尬，但他仍然拖着脚继续前进。________________________________________, he still dragged his feet t keep mving frward.2．看到考试的结果，我是如此的绝望，我觉得自己好像被撕成了碎片。Seeing the result f the exam，________________________________________________.
Painful and a bit embarrassed as/thugh he was
s desperate was I that I felt as if I were
trn int pieces
3．他突然发现自己站在一座山的山脚下，山顶上有一座古寺庙。He suddenly fund himself standing at the ft f a hill，______________________________________.4．直到我经历了这场事故，我才意识到坏运气有可能是正在等待开启的门。____________________________________________ bad frtune might be the dr waiting t be pened.
n tp f which
std an ld temple
Nt until I experienced the accident was I aware that
5．我打开门，迈克尔站在那里，浑身都是泥。_______________________________________________________
I pened the dr, and there std Michael, all cvered in mud.
提分句式7　运用强调句，习作更出彩强调句型的使用是为了突出强调句子的某一部分，它是一种比较容易掌握的高级表达方式。其构成为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/wh＋其他。(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)I said，“It's yu wh make me fall in lve with writing, my scial studies teacher.”我说：“是你让我爱上了写作，我的社会研究老师。”It was nt until then that I realized Mama lied t us just ut f lve.直到那时我才意识到出于爱，妈妈对我们说了谎。
即时演练7Ⅰ.用强调句型升级下列句子(强调黑体部分)1．My determinatin and effrts helped me achieve my dream.__________________________________________________________2．I came t knw a truth—a small act f kindness can make a big difference n that day.____________________________________________________________________________________________________
It was my determinatin and effrts that helped me achieve my dream.
It was n that day that I came t knw a truth—a small act f kindness can make a big difference.
3．We created a harmnius atmsphere with sincerity and faithfulness.→__________________________________________________________________________________4．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Devin made his final decisin at that mment.→___________________________________________________
It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmnius atmsphere.
It was at that mment that Devin made his final decisin.
Ⅱ.用强调句型翻译下列句子1．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)就在这时，一股暖流涌过了我的身体。_____________________________________________________________________________2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)正是他勇敢的心和坚强的信念，最终会让一些不寻常的事情发生。____________________________________________________________________________________________
It was at that mment that a warm surge f streams washed thrugh my bdy.
It was his brave heart and strng faith that culd make smething unusual happen finally.
3．正是这次特别的经历让我意识到宽恕是一种重要的美德。_______________________________________________________________________________________4．就在那天，我意识到爸爸在我这个年龄所取得的成就比我所做的要大得多。______________________________________________________________________________________________________
It was the special experience that made me realize frgiving is an imprtant virtue.
It was n that day that I realized what Dad had accmplished at my age was much greater than I did.
第三节　生动描写叙述和描写都是记叙文写作中的主要表达方式。1．叙述(narratin)是将事情的前后经过记录下来，主要用来交代人物活动和事件经过，展开情节。2．描写(descriptin)则指通过各个感官的细节描述，用生动形象的语言把人物、景物的状态具体地描绘出来。
高效技法1　过程化：运用动作链，营造画面感考生要学会分解动作，形成一个细化的动作链，比如浙江高考读后续写中 Mac遇到狼上车的动作，不是简单的get in the car就可以解决的，过于笼统的描述使描写空洞乏味，学生要善于捕捉这个关键的慢镜头，并将Mac的动作按照时间轴分解为jump ff the bicycle—dash int the back seat f the car—slam the dr—lean against the seat, breathless 等动作链来描写，通过动作链可形成动作面，使情景具有画面感，那么如何设计动作链和动作面呢？
一、分解动作，形成动作链句型公式1：主语＋动作A，动作B and 动作C该句式中连词 and连接三个或三个以上的动作，构成动作链，动词的时态是一致的。①I apprached Dad, prudly tk ut f my wn mney and handed it t him.我走近爸爸，骄傲地拿出我自己的钱递给他。
②Her pulses beat fast, and the bld warmed and relaxed every inch f her bdy.她的心跳加快，热血温暖了全身，身心完全地放松下来。
句型公式2：主语＋动作A and动作B，非谓语动词/非谓语动词，主语＋动作A and动作B该句中连词and连接两个或两个以上的动作，构成动作链。非谓语动词作状语，可置于句首或句尾。(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)When I handed in the essay t my teacher, he read it, laughed ut lud, saying，“Great.Nw, write it again.”当我把文章交给我的老师时，他读了它，大声笑着，说：“很好。现在，再写一遍。”
Putting n his cat, he strmed ut and slammed the dr shut.他穿上外套，怒气冲冲地跑了出去，把门重重地关上。
句型公式3：时间状语从句＋主句动作链的表达可用状语从句，如when, while, as, befre, after引导的时间状语从句来体现。After I had left smething in the clakrm，I went inside t get it.我在衣帽间落下了点东西，然后就进去拿了。
二、动作链可以和情感，环境，心理，语言等结合，形成动作面①Burning with anger, he glared at me with his big frightening eyes, yelling，“Yu' re such an idit.”分析：此处的burning with anger是情感描写， glare和yell是动作链，同时将动作和语言描写结合在了一起，形成了饱满的动作面，属于高分表达。
②As night was beginning t fall, Jane sat n the grass, staring at the vast sky, frightened and ravenus.分析：此处将环境描写，动作描写以及情感描写结合在一起，形成了饱满的动作面。
即时演练1Ⅰ.根据提示，用英语写出动作链或动作面1．洛娜(Lrna)看夜空：走到窗前＋打开窗户＋抬头看着外面的夜空。(并列谓语)__________________________________________________________
Lrna came t the windw, pened it and lked ut up at the night sky.
2．她看照片：拿起照片＋盯着它看了一会儿＋小心翼翼地把它放进了相册里。(并列谓语)____________________________________________________________________________________________3．简沿着小溪走：感觉更强壮＋沿着小溪走着＋希望它能把她带到湖边。(非谓语动词)_________________________________________________________________________________________________
She picked up the pht, stared at it fr a while and placed it carefully int the album.
Feeling strnger nw, Jane walked alng the stream, hping that it wuld lead her t the lake.
4．他们仰望天空：站在空荡的路边＋仰望天空＋感受到珍贵的宁静。(非谓语动词)___________________________________________________________________________________________5．我跑步：穿着平常的跑步服＋带着自信的微笑＋迅速掠过了他们。(非谓语动词；介词短语)_______________________________________________________________________________
Standing beside the empty rad, they lked up int the sky, feeling the precius peace.
Wearing my usual running clthes，I brushed past them with a cnfident smile.
Ⅱ.运用动作链和动作面的技巧完善下面的作文In the mrning, as scheduled，__________________________________________________________________________(双胞胎早早起床，踮着脚走进了厨房，从袋子里舀出面粉)．Once they set abut making bread, they felt cnfused.At that time，__________________________________________________________________________________(他们的爸爸溜进厨房，轻拍双胞胎的肩膀，柔声安慰道)，
the twins gt up early, tipted t the
kitchen and scped sme flur ut f the bag
their father slid int the kitchen, patting the
twins' shulders and cmfrting them in a sft vice
“Dn't quit.Yu can vercme the challenge.” The twins made the bread smthly.Then ___________________________________________________________ (他们端着早餐，向楼上走去，喊醒他们的妈妈)．With her eyes glittering with excitement, s cntent was the mther that she gathered her children int her arms.
they carried the breakfast, advanced upstairs and wke up their
高效技法2　精准化：精选动词，刻画具体的动作不用抽象或虚化的动词描述，而是使用含义比较精确的描写。试比较下面两句：①The little by said srry t his mther.小男孩对他妈妈说对不起。②The little by hung his head and mumbled an aplgy t his mther.小男孩垂着头，咕哝着向他母亲道歉。
类型五：蹒跚；走得不稳
即时演练2运用具体动词翻译下列句子1．她沿着小路蹑手蹑脚地走着，迅速弯下腰，轻轻地用双手罩着蝴蝶。(creep, cup)_______________________________________________________________________________________________2．她向前冲过去，跪下来，把儿子抱在怀里。(dash, gather)__________________________________________________________
She crept alng the path, bent ver swiftly and cupped her hands arund the butterfly gently.　
She dashed frward, knelt dwn and gathered her sn int her arms.　
3．孩子们兴奋地冲到湖边，脱下衣服，跳进水里。(rush, dive)_____________________________________________________________________________________________4．歌手瞥了一眼观众，深吸了一口气，开始唱歌。(glance)___________________________________________________________________________
The children rushed excitedly t the lake, tk ff their clthes and dived int the water.　
The singer glanced at the audience, tk a deep breath and began t sing.　
5．男孩把最后一个包举到肩上，露出了灿烂的微笑。 (flash)__________________________________________________________6．男孩把书放在原处，小心翼翼地走出房间。(tipte)_____________________________________________________________________________________________
The by lifted the last bag nt his shulder, and flashed a bright smile.　
Putting the bk where it belnged, the by tipted ut f the rm as lightly as pssible.　
高效技法3　形象化：添加修饰成分，做到描写生动除了精准选用表示动作的词语，还要给动词加上适当的修饰成分，使动作更加形象生动。适当的修饰语能细致地表达出动作的时间、幅度、速度、力度等，使人物形象更具活力，能更好地表现人物的鲜明个性与思想境界。动作描写中最常见的修饰成分就是状语，如副词、介词短语等。其次是定语，如形容词等。在体现动作的迅速和短暂时，我们可以添加以下修饰语： immediately, withut delay, witut hesitatin等。
比如下面两个句子：①The wlf als nticed them and turned its head back, shuting at Paul and Becky.狼也注意到他们，回头朝保罗和贝基喊叫。②At the same time, the wlf als nticed them and fiercely turned its head back, shuting ludly at Paul and Becky.与此同时，狼也注意到了他们，恶狠狠地转过头，对保罗和贝基大声喊叫。分析：第二句中加上 at the same time(与此同时), fiercely(激烈地), ludly(大声地)，就把这两个人遇到狼的危险情况生动地表达出来了。
句型公式1：“ with/in介词短语＋主语＋谓语”或者“主语＋谓语＋with/in介词短语”说明：可以添加介词短语修饰动词。①with＋情感名词with delight/excitement/pleasure/happiness/jy/satisfactin/anger/rage/patience/fear/terrr/embarrassment/pride/cautin/care/patience/certainty 等(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Then, with my heart fluttering with excitement，I attended the award presentatin.然后，我兴奋得激动起来，参加了颁奖典礼。
②with＋身体部位with its hungry red eyes/its sharp teeth/her shaky hand/her pale lips等The fercius wlf stared at Mac with its hungry red eyes.凶猛的狼用它那只饥饿的红眼睛盯着麦克。③in＋情感名词in surprise/amazement/shck/srrw等When their mther saw the delicius and perfect breakfast in frnt f her, she widened her eyes in surprise.当他们的妈妈看到眼前美味完美的早餐时，她惊讶地睁大了眼睛。
④in＋ a high/lw/sweet/lud/sft/weak vice等(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Patting n his shulder, I said in a sft vice，“I heard yu had wrked s hard fr this event.”我拍着他的肩膀，用一种温柔的声音说：“我听说你为这次活动付出了那么多的努力。”
句型公式2：主语＋谓语＋富有表现力的副词/介词短语结构常用的高频副词有： cheerfully, curiusly, eagerly, excitedly, fiercely, firmly, jyfully, immediately, impatiently, restlessly, swiftly, suddenly等。如在体现动作的迅速时，可添加以下介词短语： withut pausing, withut delay等。Plitely and excitedly, he asked Mrs.Meredith t teach him hw t make ppcrn.他礼貌而兴奋地请梅瑞狄斯太太教他如何做爆米花。Mac jumped ff the bike and slid int the car withut delay.麦克跳下自行车，立刻钻进了车里。
句型公式3：富有表现力的形容词＋名词恰当地运用富有表现力的形容词，能有效提升句子的表现力，增强表现效果。(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)The whle class burst int thunderus applause.After class, Anne and I rushed t the hall t accept the awards.全班同学都爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。下课后，安妮和我冲到大厅去接受颁奖典礼。
(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Befre leaving his ffice，I expressed my utmst gratitude t him and hugged him again.在离开他的办公室之前，我对他表达了极大的感激，并再次拥抱了他。
即时演练3运用富有表现力的形容词、副词或介词短语完成/翻译下列句子1．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)我紧紧地拥抱着他，感激地说：“没有你的鼓励，我永远不会报名参加写作比赛。”I __________________________________，“ Never will I sign up fr the writing cmpetitin withut yur encuragement.”
hugged him tightly , saying thankfully
2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)当走到终点线时，他突然露出灿烂的笑容，兴奋地向我挥手，喊道：“我成功了！ 我成功了！”When appraching the finishing line, he __________________________and ___________________________ , crying“I made it! I made it！”
burst int a big tthy smile
waved t me with excitement
3．然后，他感到有人轻轻地拍了拍他的肩膀。妈妈微笑着说，“令人惊讶的是，他们相处得很好，曾经精力充沛的波比又回来了。”Then he ______________ n his shulder.It was Mm ____________，“___________ ,they get alng s well and the nce energetic Pppy came back again.”4．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)我逐渐被一种强烈的喜悦和幸福感所淹没。__________________________________________________________
felt a gentle pat
with a smile
I was gradually verwhelmed by a strng sense f jy and happiness.
5．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)他轻轻地拍了拍我。是我体贴的老师激励我勇敢而积极地面对我的恐惧。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________6．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)大卫毫不犹豫地点头表示同意，最终决定加入越野赛队。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
He patted me gently.It is my cnsiderate teacher wh inspires me t face my fear bravely and psitively.
Withut hesitatin, David ndded in agreement, finally deciding t jin in the crss-cuntry team.