2025年中考英语考前最后一课学案（全解全析）

这是一份2025年中考英语考前最后一课学案（全解全析），共209页。学案主要包含了des→过去式，adv.首先;第一，n.秒→tw等内容，欢迎下载使用。

TOC \ "1-2" \h \u \l "_Tc28772" 一．词形变化（392个词） PAGEREF _Tc28772 \h - 5 -
\l "_Tc16465" 二．常考短语（328个） PAGEREF _Tc16465 \h - 18 -
\l "_Tc27186" 三．重点句型（104句） PAGEREF _Tc27186 \h - 23 -
\l "_Tc18308" 四．长难句破解 PAGEREF _Tc18308 \h - 27 -
\l "_Tc26337" 五．重点语法速记 PAGEREF _Tc26337 \h - 33 -
\l "_Tc19009" （一）冠词 PAGEREF _Tc19009 \h - 33 -
\l "_Tc25963" （二）名词 PAGEREF _Tc25963 \h - 35 -
\l "_Tc26360" （三）代词 PAGEREF _Tc26360 \h - 36 -
\l "_Tc16477" （四）数词 PAGEREF _Tc16477 \h - 38 -
\l "_Tc21627" （五）介词 PAGEREF _Tc21627 \h - 39 -
\l "_Tc18413" （六）连词 PAGEREF _Tc18413 \h - 41 -
\l "_Tc27687" （七）形容词、副词 PAGEREF _Tc27687 \h - 44 -
\l "_Tc6649" （八）动词时态 PAGEREF _Tc6649 \h - 47 -
\l "_Tc15984" （九）动词的语态 PAGEREF _Tc15984 \h - 48 -
\l "_Tc3825" （十）非谓语专题 PAGEREF _Tc3825 \h - 49 -
\l "_Tc19630" （十一）主谓一致 PAGEREF _Tc19630 \h - 52 -
\l "_Tc2792" （十二）感叹句 PAGEREF _Tc2792 \h - 52 -
\l "_Tc6742" （十三）宾语从句 PAGEREF _Tc6742 \h - 53 -
\l "_Tc15465" （十四）定语从句 PAGEREF _Tc15465 \h - 53 -
\l "_Tc6410" （十五）状语从句 PAGEREF _Tc6410 \h - 55 -
\l "_Tc24262" 六．常考情景交际必背15类 PAGEREF _Tc24262 \h - 56 -
\l "_Tc20008" 七．谚语必背10句 PAGEREF _Tc20008 \h - 58 -
\l "_Tc1009" 八．常考写作话题（11个） PAGEREF _Tc1009 \h - 59 -
\l "_Tc17848" 一．选择填空解题技巧 PAGEREF _Tc17848 \h - 66 -
\l "_Tc18987" 二．语法选择解题技巧 PAGEREF _Tc18987 \h - 69 -
\l "_Tc17902" 三．完成句子解题技巧 PAGEREF _Tc17902 \h - 74 -
\l "_Tc17411" 四．完形填空解题技巧 PAGEREF _Tc17411 \h - 76 -
\l "_Tc3994" 五．阅读理解解题技巧 PAGEREF _Tc3994 \h - 80 -
\l "_Tc19839" （一）细节理解题 PAGEREF _Tc19839 \h - 80 -
\l "_Tc6974" （二）词义猜测题 PAGEREF _Tc6974 \h - 82 -
\l "_Tc8042" （三）主旨大意题 PAGEREF _Tc8042 \h - 84 -
\l "_Tc32669" （四）推理判断题 PAGEREF _Tc32669 \h - 88 -
\l "_Tc14864" 六．阅读理解七选五解题技巧 PAGEREF _Tc14864 \h - 91 -
\l "_Tc22019" 七．阅读表达解题技巧 PAGEREF _Tc22019 \h - 95 -
\l "_Tc19193" 八．语法填空解题技巧 PAGEREF _Tc19193 \h - 97 -
\l "_Tc20889" 九．首字母解题技巧 PAGEREF _Tc20889 \h - 102 -
\l "_Tc3425" 十．选词填空解题技巧 PAGEREF _Tc3425 \h - 104 -
\l "_Tc10877" 十一．写作模板（7个） PAGEREF _Tc10877 \h - 108 -
\l "_Tc25468" （一）活动规划类模板 PAGEREF _Tc25468 \h - 108 -
\l "_Tc17017" （二）介绍人物模板 PAGEREF _Tc17017 \h - 109 -
\l "_Tc5830" （三）介绍一本书模板 PAGEREF _Tc5830 \h - 110 -
\l "_Tc22665" （四）介绍地点模板 PAGEREF _Tc22665 \h - 111 -
\l "_Tc24559" （五）利弊类作文模板 PAGEREF _Tc24559 \h - 112 -
\l "_Tc2459" （六）介绍传统节日模板 PAGEREF _Tc2459 \h - 112 -
\l "_Tc6957" （七）方法建议类模板 PAGEREF _Tc6957 \h - 113 -
\l "_Tc4131" 热点01 Deepseek助力中国AI PAGEREF _Tc4131 \h - 115 -
\l "_Tc29678" 热点02 从《哪吒2：魔童闹海》看中国文化 PAGEREF _Tc29678 \h - 122 -
\l "_Tc378" 热点03 央视蛇年春晚和《秧BOT》 PAGEREF _Tc378 \h - 129 -
\l "_Tc27455" 热点04 热点人物：黄旭华，梁文锋与王兴兴 PAGEREF _Tc27455 \h - 139 -
\l "_Tc32553" 热点05 李子柒回归 PAGEREF _Tc32553 \h - 150 -
\l "_Tc30317" 热点06 春节和北京中轴线申遗成功 PAGEREF _Tc30317 \h - 159 -
\l "_Tc17290" 热点07 神舟十九与中国航空航天 PAGEREF _Tc17290 \h - 168 -
\l "_Tc8104" 热点08 中华文化走向世界 PAGEREF _Tc8104 \h - 176 -
\l "_Tc27745" 热点09 环境保护 PAGEREF _Tc27745 \h - 187 -
\l "_Tc8361" 热点10.其他社会热点（人口老年化问题，理发师晓华因，美国加州火灾，高速列车CR450，北京至中亚货运班列，自动驾驶汽车，中国对多国实行免签政策，延长课间休息时间，《黑神话：悟空》） PAGEREF _Tc8361 \h - 194 -
\l "_Tc15203" 一．保持良好的心态 PAGEREF _Tc15203 \h - 208 -
\l "_Tc28594" 二．考前24小时特别提示 PAGEREF _Tc28594 \h - 209 -
\l "_Tc958" 一. 考前准备 PAGEREF _Tc958 \h - 209 -
\l "_Tc14686" 二. 听力部分 PAGEREF _Tc14686 \h - 210 -
\l "_Tc29986" 三. 考场细节 PAGEREF _Tc29986 \h - 210 -
\l "_Tc22041" 四. 禁忌事项 PAGEREF _Tc22041 \h - 210 -
\l "_Tc14303" ☞最后一卷链接 PAGEREF _Tc14303 \h - 210 -
\l "_Tc59" ☞押题密卷链接 PAGEREF _Tc59 \h - 211 -
\l "_Tc11020" ☞终极押题猜想链接 PAGEREF _Tc11020 \h - 211 -
一．词形变化（392个词）
A
1.able adj.能够;有能力的→ability n.能力;才能→disable v.使残疾;丧失能力;使失去能力→disabled adj.残疾的→enable v.使能够
2.accept v.(主动)接受→acceptable adj.可接受的
3.achieve v.达到;完成;成功→achievement n.成就;成绩
4.advantage n.优点;优势;有利条件→disadvantage n.短处;劣势;不利
5.act v./n.行动;扮演 n.行为;戏剧→actin n.行动→actr n.男演员→actress n.女演员→active adj.活跃的;积极的→actively adv.活跃地;积极地→activity n.活动
v.建议;劝告→advice n.建议
7.agree v.同意;赞成;应允→agreement n.同意;协议→disagree v.不同意→disagreement n.不同意
9.angry adj.发怒的;愤怒的;生气的→angrily adv.愤怒的;生气的→anger n.愤怒
10.appear v.出现;露面→disappear v.消失;灭绝;消亡
v.到达;抵达→arrival n.到达;抵达
12.actual adj.实在的;实际的→actually adv.实际地;真实地
13.Africa n.非洲→African adj.非洲(人)的 n.非洲
14.alud adv.大声地;出声地→lud adj.大声的;响亮的 adv.大声地→ludly adv.喧闹地;大声地;响亮地
15.America n.美国;美洲→American adj.美国的;美洲的 n.美国人;美洲人
16.amazing adj.令人吃惊的→amazingly adv.惊人地;了不起地→amaze v.使吃惊→amazed adj.吃惊的;惊讶的
17.art n.美术;艺术→artist n.艺术家
18.Asia n.亚洲→Asian adj.亚洲(人)的 n.亚洲人
19.Australia n.澳大利亚→Australian adj.澳大利亚(人)的 n.澳大利亚
20.awful adj.糟糕的;很坏的;讨厌的→awfully adv.非常;极其
B
1.bad adj.坏的;糟的;严重的;令人不愉快的→badly adv.严重地;差;非常→比较级wrse 更糟的;更坏的
→最高级wrst 最糟的;最坏的
2.be v.有;存在;是(am、is、are)→过去式 was/were→过去分词 been
3.beat v.敲打;击打;打败 n.心跳;敲击声;节拍→过去式 beat→过去分词 beaten
4.beautiful adj.美丽的;美好的→beauty n.美;美人→beautifully adv.美丽地;优美地
5.becme v.变成;变得→过去式 became→过去分词 becme
6.begin v.开始→beginning n.开始→beginner n.初学者→过去式 began→过去分词 begun
7.believe v.相信;认为有可能→belief n.信任;信心;信仰→believable adj.可相信的;可信任的→unbelievable adj.难以置信的
8.big adj.大的;巨大的→比较级 bigger 更大的→最高级 biggest 最大的
9.blw v./n.吹→过去式 blew →过去分词 blwn
10.bred adj.厌倦的;烦人的→bre v.使厌烦→bring adj.无趣的;令人厌倦的
11.brave adj.勇敢的;无畏的→bravely adv.勇敢地;无畏地
12.break v.(使)破/碎;打破(纪录) n.间歇;休息→brken adj.破碎的;坏掉的→过去式 brke→过去分词 brken
13.bring v.带来;拿来;取来→过去式/过去分词 brught
14.build v.增强;建筑;建造 n.体型;体格;身材→building n.建筑物;房子→rebuild v重建→过去式/过去分词 built
15.busy adj.忙碌的;无暇的→busily adv.忙碌地→business n.生意;公事指责→businessman n.商人;生意人
→businesswman n.女商人→比较级 busier 更忙的→最高级 busiest 最忙的
16.buy v.买;购买→过去式/过去分词 bught
17.basic adj.基本的;基础的→base n.基础
18.behave v.表现;举止→behavir n.行为;举止
C
1.care n.照顾;照看;小心;谨慎 v.关心;关怀;关注;在意→careful adj.小心的;细致的;慎重的;精心的→carefully adv.小心地;仔细地→careless adj.粗心的;不小心的;不仔细的→carelessly adv.小心地;仔细地
2.celebrate v.庆祝;庆贺→celebratin n.庆典;庆祝活动
3.certain adj.确定的;无疑的;一定会...;某种;某事;某人;某一→certainly adv.无疑;肯定;当然;行
4.change v.改变;变化;更换;交换 n.找给的零钱;找头→changeable adj.可能变化的;易变的
5.cheap adj.廉价的;便宜的→cheaply adv.便宜地;低廉地→比较级 cheaper 更便宜的→最高级 cheapest 最便宜的
6.cheer v.加油;欢呼;喝彩→cheerful adj.兴高采烈的→cheerfully adv.兴高采烈地
7.child n.儿童;小孩→复数 children→childhd n.幼年;童年;孩童时期
8.chse v.选择;挑选→chice n.选择→过去式 chse→过去分词 chsen
9.clean v.打扫;把...弄干净 adj.干净的→cleaner n.清洁工→cleaning n.打扫;清洁
10.clear adj.清澈的;明白清楚的;明显的 v.清理;丢掉→clearly adv.清楚地;清晰地
11.clse adj.接近的;亲密的 v.关;关闭→clsed adj.关闭的
12.cllect v.收集;搜集;采集→cllectin n.收藏品→cllectr n.收藏者;收藏家
13.cl(u)r n.颜色→clrful adj.五颜六色的;丰富多彩的
14.cme v.来;来到→cming adj.即将到来的→过去式 came→过去分词 cme
15.cmfrtable adj.舒服的;安逸的→cmfrtably adv.舒服地;安逸地→uncmfrtable adj.不舒服的;不安逸的
16.cmmn adj.普遍的;常见的;一般的;共有的→cmmnly adv.通常地;一般地
17.cmpete v.竞争→cmpetitin n.比赛;竞赛;竞争
18.cmplete adj.完整的;整个的 v.完成;结束→cmpletely adv.彻底地;完全地
19.cnnect v.连接;把...联系起来→cnnectin n.联系;关联→cnnected adj.有联系的;有关联的
20.crrect adj.正确的;恰当的 v.改正;纠正;修正→crrectly adv.正确地→incrrect adj.不正确的;不恰当的
21.cuntry n.国家;农村→cuntryside n.乡村;农村
22.curage n.勇气;胆略→encurage v.鼓励
23.create v.创造;创建→creative adj.有创意的
24.crss v.横过;穿过;越过→crssing n.十字路口→acrss prn.穿过;横过
25.class n.班级;课→复数 classes→classrm n.教室→classmate n.同班同学
→classic n.名著;经典作品 adj.经典的;第一流的→classical adj.经典的;古典的
26.clud n.云;云朵;云雾→cludy adj.多云的
27.character n.人物;性格→characteristic n.特点;特性 adj.典型的
28.chemistry n.化学→chemical adj.化学的;有关化学的 n.化学品→chemist n.化学家
29.cmmunicate v.沟通;交流→cmmunicatin n.通讯;交流
30.ck v.做饭;烹饪;煮 n.厨师→cker n.灶具;厨灶
31.culture n.文化;未来→cultural adj.文化的
32.cnvenient adj.方便的;便利的→cnvenience n.方便;便利
33.crwded adj.拥挤的→crwd n.人群;观众
D
1.dance n./v.跳舞;舞蹈→dancer n.舞者→dancing n.跳舞;舞蹈
2.danger n.危险→dangerus adj.危险的→endanger v.使遭受危险;危害→endangered adj.濒危的
3.day n.一天;一日;白天→daily adj./adv.每日;每天
4.decide v.决定→decisin n.决定
5.deep adj.深的 adv.深地→depth n.深(度);深刻→deeply adv.深深地
6.develp v.发展;壮大;成长;培养;开发;研制;加强;增强→develpment n.发展;发育;成长;进步→develped adj.发达的→develping adj.发展中的
7.die v.死;死亡;消亡;灭亡→death n.死;死亡→dead adj.死的;失去生命的;去世的→dying adj.垂死的;即将死亡的
8.different adj.不同的→differ v.不同;相异→difference n.差别;差异→differently adv.不同地
9.difficult adj.困难的→difficulty n.困难;难题
10.direct v.导演;指导 adj.直接的;直率的→directin n.方向;方位→directly adv.直接地;径直地→directr n.导演;部门负责人→indirect adj.间接的;附带的
11.discver v.发现;发觉;找到→discvery n.发现→discverer n.发现者
12.discuss v.讨论;谈论;商量→discussin n.讨论;谈论;商量
13.d v.做;干→单三 des→过去式 did→过去分词 dne
14.draw v.画;绘画;掏出;吸引;使感兴趣;取出;得出→过去式 drew→过去分词 drawn→drawing n.画画
15.drive v.驾驶;开车;迫使 n.车程→过去式 drve→过去分词 driven→driver n.司机
16.describe v.描述;形容;把...称为→descriptin n.描述;描写
17.disappint v.使失望→disappinted adj.失望的→disappinting adj.令人失望的→disappintment n.失望
E
1.easy adj.容易的;不费力的→easily adv.容易地→比较级 easier 更容易的→最高级 easiest 最容易的
2.educate v.教育→educatin n.教育→educatinal adj.教育的;有教育意义的
3.eat v.吃→过去式 ate→过去分词 eaten
v.享受;喜欢;欣赏→enjyable adj.愉快的;有趣的→enjyment n.享受;乐趣
5.end v.结束 n.尽头;结尾→ending n.结局;结尾→endless adj.无止境的;无休止的
6.enter v.进去;进入;加入→entrance n.入口
7.envirnment n.环境→envirnmental adj.环境的
8.exactly adv.确切地;精确地→exact adj.精确的;确切的
9.excite v.使激动;使兴奋→excited adj.激动的;兴奋的→excitedly adv.兴奋地;激动地
→exciting adj.令人激动的;使人兴奋的→excitement n.兴奋;激动;令人兴奋的事
10.experience n.经历;经验→experienced adj.有经验的
11.explain v.解释;说明;阐明→explanatin n.解释;说明
12.express v.表示;表达;表露→expressin n.表达;表情;措辞
13.east n.东;东方 adj.东方的;向东的;东部的 adv.向东;朝东→eastern adj.东方的;东部的
14.eight num.八→eighth num.第八
15.electrnic adj.电子的;电子设备的→electricity n.电;电流→electric adj.电的;导电的
16.Eurpe n.欧洲→Eurpean adj.欧洲的 n.欧洲人
F
1.fail v.不及格;失败;未能(做到)→failure n.失败
2.fall v.倒塌;跌倒;落下;掉落;(温度、价格等)下降;下跌;降临;到来 n.秋季;瀑布→过去式 fell
→过去分词 fallen→fallen adj.倒下的;落下的
3.famus adj.出名的;著名的→fame n.声誉;名声
4.far adj.远的 adv.远地→比较级 farther 较远→比较级 further 更进一步→最高级 farthest 最远
→最高级 furthest 最大程度
5.feed v.喂养;饲养→过去式/过去分词 fed
6.feel v.感觉;变得→过去式/过去分词 felt→feeling n.感情;感觉
7.few adj.很少;不多 prn.很少人(或事物、地方)→比较级 fewer 较少的→最高级 fewest 最少的
8.fight v./n.打架(仗);战斗;争论→过去式/过去分词 fught→fighting n.战斗;打斗→fighter n.战士
9.fill v.充满;装满;填写→full adj.装满的;充满的
10.finally adv.最后;最终;终于→final adj.最终的
11.find v.找到;发现→过去式/过去分词 fund
12.first num.第一 adv.首先;第一 adj.第一的;最初的→firstly adv.首先;第一
13.fly v.飞行;放(风筝、飞机模型等)→过去式 flew→过去分词 flwn
14.fllw v.遵守;跟随;跟得上→fllwing adj.接着的;下面的
15.ft n.脚;英尺→复数 feet 脚;英尺→复数 ft 英尺
16.frget v.忘记;遗忘→过去式 frgt→过去分词 frgtten→unfrgettable adj.难忘的
17.free adj.空闲的;免费的→freely adv.自由地→freedm n.自由
18.friend n.朋友→friendly adj.友好的→unfriendly adj.不友好的→friendship n.友谊;友好;友情
19.fun n.乐趣;快乐 adj.有趣的;使人快乐的→funny adj.有趣的;好笑的;滑稽的
20.fair adj.合理的;公正的 n.展览会;展销会→unfair adj.不公平的;不公正的
21.farm n.农场→farming n务农;农场经营→farmer n.农民;农场主
22.five num.五→fifth num.第五
23.freign adj.外国的→freigner n.外国人
G
1.get v.去取(或带来);得到;到达;变得;变成→过去式 gt→过去分词 gt/gtten
2.general adj.整体的;一般的;普遍的;常规的;总的;首席的 n.将军→generally adv.一般地;总体地
3.give v.给;送;提供→过去式 gave→过去分词 given
4.g v.走;去 n.尝试;努力→gne adj.过去的;消失的→过去式 went→过去分词 gne
5.gd adj.好的;令人愉快的;乖的→well adv.好地→比较级 better 最好的→最高级 best 最好的
6.grw v.成长;(使)生长;增加;发育;种植;栽培(植物);变成;增长;增大;长大;长高→过去式 grew
→过去分词 grwn→grwth n.生长;增长→grwing adj.生长的;成长中的
7.gentleman n.绅士;先生;男士→复数 gentlemen→gentle adj.和善的;温和的
8.Germany n.德国→German adj.德国的;德语的;德国人的 n.德语;德国人
9.frty num.四十→frtieth num.第四十
10.gradual adj.逐步的;渐进的→gradually adv.逐步地;渐进地
11.graduate v.毕业 n.毕业生→graduatin n.毕业;毕业典礼
H
1.hang v.悬挂;吊;垂下→hanging adj.悬垂的;垂下的→过去式/过去分词 hung
2.happen v.(偶然)发生;出现→happening n.事件;发生的事情(常指不寻常的)
3.happy adj.快乐的;高兴的;愉快的;幸福的→happily adv.幸福地;快乐地→happiness n.幸福→unhappy 不幸福的;不高兴的→unhappiness n.忧愁;苦恼
4.harm v./n.伤害;损害→harmful adj.(尤指对健康或环境)有害的;导致损害的→harmless adj.无害的
5.have v.有;吃;喝;经历;感受→单三形式 has→过去式/过去分词 had
6.he prn.他→him prn.他→his prn.他的→himself prn.他自己
7.hear v.听见;听到→过去式/过去分词 heard→hearing n.听力;听觉
8.health n.健康(状况);人的身体(或精神)状态→healthy adj.健康的;健壮的→healthily adv.健康地
→unhealthy adj.不健康的
9.heavy adj.重的;繁重的;沉的→heavily adv.沉重地;大量地;猛烈地
10.hide v.躲藏;隐藏;遮挡;隐瞒→hidden adj.隐藏的→过去式 hid→过去分词 hidden
11.help v./n.援助;帮助→helpful adj.有用的;有益的;有帮助的→helpless adj.无助的→helper n.帮手
12.high adj.高的 adv.在高处;向高处→height n.高度;身高→highly adv.非常;高度地
13.hit v.击(球);击中;打;(使)碰撞;到达→过去式/过去分词 hit
14.hld v.握着;使不动;拿;拥有;抓住;举行; (打电话时)等待;不挂断;使保持(在某位置)→过去式/过去分词 held
15.hme n.家;家庭;活动本部 adv.到家;在家→hmeless adj.无家可归的→hmewrk n.家庭作业
→hmetwn n.家乡
16.hnest adj.诚实的;老实的;坦率的;坦白的;正直的→dishnest adj.不诚实的→hnesty n.诚实
17.hpe v./n.希望;期望→hpeful adj.满怀希望的→hpeless adj.无望的
18.humrus adj.幽默的;有幽默感的;诙谐的;滑稽的;滑稽有趣的→humr/humur n.幽默
19.hungry adj.饥饿的;感到饿的→hunger n.饥饿
20.hurt v.(使)受伤;伤害;;感到疼痛 adj.痛的;(身体上)受伤的→过去式/过去分词 hurt
21.half n./prn.半;一半;半数→复数 halves→halfway adv.到一半;在途中 adj.中途的;不彻底的
22.head n.头;首脑→headache n.头痛
23.her n.英雄;男主角→复数 heres→superher n.超级英雄→复数 superheres
24.histry n.历史→histrical adj.历史的;有关历史的
25.ht adj.热的→heat n.热;热度;高温;炉灶 v.使变热;给...加热
I
1.I prn.我→me prn.我→my prn.我的→mine prn.我的→myself prn.我自己
2.imagine v.想象;设想→imaginatin n.想象力
3.imprtant adj.重要的→imprtance n.重要
4.include v.包括;包含;把...列为部分→including prep.包含;包括
5.interest n.兴趣;爱好 v.使感兴趣;使关注→interested adj.感兴趣的→interesting adj.令人感兴趣的
6.interview v./n.采访;面试→interviewer n.采访者;面试官
7.intrduce n.介绍;引见→intrductin n.介绍
8.invent v.发明;创造→inventin n.发明→inventr n.发明家
9.invite v.邀请→invitatin n.邀请;请帖;请柬
10.it prn.它→its prn.它的→itself prn.它自己
11.ill adj.有病的;不健康的;不舒服的→illness n.疾病→比较级 wrse 更严重的→最高级 wrst 最严重的
12.India n.印度→Indian adj.印度(人)的;印度文化的 n.印度人
13.internatinal adj.国际的;世界的→natin n.国家;民族→natinal adj.国家的;民族的
J
1.Japan n.日本→Japanese adj.日本的;日本人的;日语的 n.日本人;日语
2.jy n.欢乐;高兴;乐趣→jyful adj.高兴的;快乐的
K
1.keep v.保存;保持;保留→keeper n.饲养员
2.kind adj.友好的;善良的 n.种类→kindness n.仁慈;善良;和蔼
3.knw v.知道;了解;认识→knwledge n.知识;学问→unknwn adj.未知的→过去式 knew →过去分词 knwn
4.knife n.刀;刀具;餐具→复数 knives
L
1.laugh v./n.笑;发笑;大笑;笑声→laughter n.笑声
2.lead v.率领;领导;引领;带路 n.主角;领先地位;榜样→leader n.领导人;领袖→过去式/过去分词led
3.leaf n.叶;叶子;(树、菜)叶→复数 leaves
4.learn v.学;学习;学会→learner n.学习者→learning n.学问;学识→过去式 learned/learnt
→过去分词,learned/learnt
5.leave v.离开;动身;出发;把...留下;剩下 n.假期;休假→过去式/过去分词 left
6.lend v.借出;借给(某人钱或东西)→过去式/过去分词 lent
7.lie v.说谎;平躺;位于→＾过去式/过去分词 lied 说谎→过去式 lay 平躺;位于→过去分词 lain 平躺;位于
→现在分词 lying
8.life n.生活;生命→复数 lives →lifelng adj.终身的;毕生的
9.like v.喜欢;喜爱 prep.像;类似;如同→dislike v.不喜欢→unlike prep.不像;和...不同→likely adj.可能的
10.listen v.听;倾听→listener n.倾听者→listening n.听力
11.little adj.小的;少的;及少量的 adv.一点儿;稍许 prn./det.不多的;少数的→比较级 less 较少的
→最高级 least 最少的
12.live v.住;居住;生活 adj.活动 adv.在现场直播;在实况直播→living n.生活;生计 adj.活着的→alive adj.活的;有生气的→lively adj.活泼的;活跃的
13.lnely adj.孤独的;寂寞的→alne adj./adv.独自;单独
14.lng adj.长的;长时间的 n.长时间→length n.长;长度
15.lse v.失去;丢失;输掉;失败;迷失→lst adj.丢失的;迷失的→过去式/过去分词 lst
16.lve n./v.爱;喜爱;热爱;关爱 n.(用于信尾)爱你的...→lvely adj.可爱的;美好的→lver n.爱好者;热爱者
17.luck n.幸运;好运;运气→lucky adj.幸运的→luckily adv.幸运地→unlucky adj.不幸的→unluckily adv.不幸地
18.law n.法律;法令;定律;法规→lawyer n律师
19.lay v.放置;安放;搁;产(卵);下(蛋)→过去式/过去分词 laid
20.let v.允许;使;让→过去式/过去分词 let
M
1.make v.做;制造;使成为;适合→过去式/过去分词 made
2.man n.男人;人→复数 men
3.manage v.完成(困难的事);应付(困难局面);(尤指)设法完成;管理;负责;支配→manager n.经理
→management n.经营
4.many adj.许多的 prn.许多(人或物)→much adv.主要地;通常→比较级 mre 更多(的)→最高级 mst 最多(的)
5.mean v.意思是;打算;意欲→meaning n.意思;意义→meaningful adj.有意义的→meaningless adj.无意义的
→过去式/过去分词 meant
6.meet v.结识;遇见;相逢;满足;迎接;应对;达成;实现→meeting n.会议;聚会→过去式/过去分词 met
7.mix v.(使)混合;掺和;融合→mixture n.混合物
8.mve v.搬(家);移动;使感动 n.移动;改变;搬家→mved adj.感动的→mving adj.令人感动的
→mvement n.运动;移动
9.music n.音乐;乐曲→musician n.音乐家→musical adj.音乐的;有音乐天赋的
10.mad adj.很生气;疯的→madness n.生气;发怒
11.magic adj.有魔力的;有神奇力量的 n魔法;魔术→magical adj.有魔力的;不可思议的→magician n.魔术师
12.main adj.主要的;最重要的→mainly adv.主要地
13.marry v.嫁;娶;结婚→married adj.结婚的;已婚的→marriage n.婚姻
14.may mdal v.也许/可能(表示把握不大的推测);可以(表示礼貌的请求)→过去式 might
15.medicine n.药;医学→medical adj.医学的;医疗的
16.miss n.错误;过失 v.思念;错过;未赶上;未击中;未达到→missed adj.丢失的;缺少的;失踪的
17.muse n.老鼠;耗子→复数 mice
N
1.nature n.自然界;大自然→natural adj.自然的;天生的
2.near prep.在...附近 adv.在附近 adj.近的→nearly adv.几乎;差不多
3.nise n.声音;响声;噪声;吵闹声→nisy adj.喧杂的;喧闹的
4.nine num.九→ninth n.第九
5.nw adv.现在;目前→nwadays adv.现今;现在;目前
O
1.ld 岁的;老的;旧的→比较级 lder 年纪更大的→比较级 elder 更年长的→最高级 ldest 年纪最大的→最高级eldest 最年长的
2.ne num.一 prn.一(个、只...)→first adv./num.第一;首先 adj.第一(位)的;首要的→nce adv.一次
3.pen v.打开 adj.营业的;开放的→pening n.开幕式;落成典礼
4.ur prn.我们的→we prn.我们→us prn.我们→urs prn.我们的→urselves prn.我们自己
5.ut adv.外出;离开;向远方→utside prep.在...外面→utdrs adv.在户外;在野外
6.ver adv.结束;穿过;多余 prep.在...上面→vercme v.克服;战胜→过去式 vercame→过去分词 vercme
→versleep v.睡过头→vernight adv.一夜之间;在夜间
7.ffice n.办公室;职务→fficer n.官员;军官;警察→fficial n.官员 adj.官方的;正式的→fficially adv.正式地
8.rganise/rganize v.安排;组织;创立;发起→rganizatin n.组织;机构→rganized/rganised adj.有条理的;有效率的
9.wn adj.自己的;本人的 v.有;拥有→wner n.物主;主人
P
1.pain n.痛苦;头痛;苦恼→painful adj.令人痛苦的;令人疼痛的
2.paint n.油漆;油漆涂层 v.在...刷油漆;用颜料画→painter n.画家→painting n.绘画;画
3.park n.公园 v.停放(车);泊车→parking n.停车
4.pay n./v.付费→过去式/过去分词 paid→payment 支付;支付的金额
5.patient n.病人 adj.有耐心的→patience n.耐心
6.peace n.宁静;平静;和平→peaceful adj.和平的→peacefully adv.和平地
7.play v.玩耍;演奏;参加(比赛或运动) n.戏剧→player n.比赛者;选手;播放机
8.pllute v.污染→pllutin n.污染→plluted adj.污染的
9.plite adj.有礼貌的;客气的→pliteness n.礼貌→implite adj.不礼貌的
10.pssible adj.可能存在或发生的;可能的→pssibly adv.可能地;也许→pssibility n.可能性→impssible adj.不可能的
11.pwer n.权利;力量→pwerful adj.有权利的;强有力的
12.prepare v.使做好准备;把...准备好→preparatin n.准备;准备工作
13.practice v./n.练习→practical adj.实用的;实践的
14.price n.价格;价钱→priceless adj.无价的
15.pride n.骄傲;自豪→prud adj.骄傲的;自豪的
16.prduce v.生产;制造;出产→prduct n.产品→prducer n.生产商→prductin n.生产;制造
17.prtect v.保护→prtectin n.保护
18.punish v.处罚;惩罚→punishment n.惩罚
19.put v.放→过去式/过去分词 put
20.persn n.人;个人→persnal adj.个人的;私人的→persnality n.性格;人格
21.perfrm v.表演;演出→perfrmance n.表演;演奏→perfrmer n.表演者
22.physics n.物理(学)→physical adj.物理的;身体的→physicist n.物理学家
23.please interj.(用于客气地吩咐请求)请 v.(使)高兴;(使)满意→pleasure n.快乐;高兴→pleased adj.满意的;高兴的→pleasant adj.令人愉快的;友好的
24.pian n.钢琴→pianist n.钢琴家
25.prbably adv.或许;可能→prbable adj.大概的;很可能的→prbability n.可能性
26.press v.按;压→pressure n压力
27.pem n.诗;韵文→petry n.诗歌→pet n.诗人
28.plice n.警察→pliceman n.男警察→plicewman n.女警察
29.prnunce v.发音;读法→prnunciatin n.发音
Q
1.quick adj.快的;迅速的;时间短暂的→quickly adv.很快地;迅速地
2.quiet adj.寂静的;安静的;平静的→quietly adv.安静地
R
1.rain v.下雨 n.雨水→rainy adj.阴雨的;多雨的
2.read v.读;朗读;阅读;看懂→reader n.读者→reading n.阅读→reread v.重读→过去式/过去分词 read
3.real adj.真实的;实际存在的;真正的→really adv.真正地;非常;很
4.recently adv.最近;不久前→recent adj.近来的;新近的
5.recycle v.回收利用;再回收→recycling n.回收利用
6.regret v.感到遗憾;惋惜 n.痛惜;懊悔;遗憾→regrettable adj.令人遗憾的→regretful adj.遗憾的;后悔的
7.relax v.(使)放松;轻松→relaxed adj.感到放松的;自在的→relaxing adj.令人放松的;令人轻松的
8.reprt v./n.报道;公布;报告;汇报→reprter n.记者
9.require v.需要;需求→requirement n.要求
10.ride v./n.骑(自行车、马等);供乘骑的游乐设施;短途旅程→rider n.骑手→过去式 rde→过去分词 ridden
11.rise v.升起;上升→过去式 rse→过去分词 risen
17.risk n.危险;冒险 v.(使)冒...的风险→risky adj.危险的;冒险的
18.rule n.规则;规章;习惯;常规 v.统治;支配→ruler n.统治者;管理者;尺;直尺
19.run v.跑;奔;流动→running n.跑步→runner n.跑步者→过去式 ran→过去分词 run
20.rapid adj.迅速的;快速的→rapidly adv.快地;迅速地
21.recrd v.记录;记载 n.记录;唱片→recrder n.录音机
22.relate v.联系;讲述→related adj.有关联的→relative n.亲戚;亲属→relatin n.关系;联系;交往
→relatinship n.关系;联系
23.reflect v.反映;映出;反射(声、光、热等)→reflectin n.映像;影像;反映;反射
24.review v./n.复习;回顾;评论→preview v.预习;事先查看
25.ring n.环状物(如环、圈、戒指等);铃声 v.打电话;(钟、铃等)响→过去式 rang→过去分词 rung
26.Russia n.俄罗斯→Russian adj.俄罗斯的;俄罗斯人的 n.俄罗斯人;俄语
S
1.sad adj.(令人)悲伤的;(令人)难过的→sadly adv.令人遗憾地;不幸地;伤心地→sadness n.悲伤;悲痛
2.safe adj.安全的;无危险的→safety n.安全→safely adv.安全地
3.satisfy v.使满意;使满足→satisfied adj.满意的;满足的→satisfying adj.令人满意的→satisfactin n.满意;满足
4.say v.说;讲→过去式/过去分词 said→saying n.谚语;格言;警句
5.secnd num.第二 n.秒→tw num.二→secndly adv.第二;其次→twice adv.两次;两倍
6.see v.看到;明白;理解→过去式 saw→过去分词 seen
7.sell v.卖出...;出售→过去式/过去分词 sld→sale n.售卖;销售
8.send n.派遣;打发;安排去;邮寄;发送→过去式/过去分词 sent
9.separate v.分开;分离 adj.单独的;分离的→separatin n.分离;分开
10.serve v.接待;服务;提供→service n.服务;服役;任职→servant n.仆人;佣人;服务员
11.shake n./v.摇动;抖动→过去式 shk→过去分词 shaken
12.she prn.她→her prn.她;她的→hers prn.她的→herself prn.她自己
13.shp v.逛商店;购物 n.商店→shpping n.购物
14.shw v.给...看;出示;表明 n.演出;展示;展览会→shwer v.淋浴 n.淋浴器(间);阵雨;淋浴→过去式 shwed
→过去分词 shwed/shwn
15.silent adj.不说话;沉默的→silence n.沉默;缄默
16.sing v.唱歌→singer n.歌手→过去式 sang→过去分词 sung
17.sit v.坐→seat n.座位;坐处(如椅子等)→过去式/过去分词 sat
18.sleep v./n.睡觉→asleep adj.睡着的→sleepy adj.瞌睡的;困倦的→过去式/过去分词 slept
19.smell v.发出气味;闻(到);嗅(到) n.气味→过去式 smelled/smelt→过去分词 smelled/smelt
20.smke v.吸烟;冒烟 n.烟→smker n.吸烟者→smking n.抽烟;吸烟
21.slve v.解决;解答→slutin n.解决办法;解决方案
22.speak v.说(某种语音);说话→spken adj.口语的→speaker n.说话者;演讲者;扬声器;扩音器→speech n.讲话;发言;演讲→过去式 spke→过去分词 spken
23.special adj.特别的;特殊的 n.特色菜;特价品→specially adv.专门地;特地→especial adj.特别的
→especially adv.尤其;特别;格外
24.spend v.花费(时间、金钱);度过→过去式/过去分词 spent
25.spread v./n.张开;传播;蔓延;扩散;分布→过去式/过去分词 spread
26.stand v.站立;位于;忍受;承受 n.观点;看法;架;货摊→过去式/过去分词 std
27.steal v.偷;窃取→过去式 stle→过去分词 stlen
28.strange adj.奇怪的;奇特的;陌生的;不熟悉的→stranger n.陌生人;外来者
29.strng adj.强烈的;强壮的→strength n.力量;力气;优势;长处
30.success n.成功;胜利→succeed v.实现目标;成功;做成→successful adj.(获得)成功的;有成就的;有成效的
→successfully adv.成功地
31.sudden adj.突然的;急剧的→suddenly adv.突然;忽然
32.suggest v.建议;提议;暗示→suggestin n.建议;提议
33.surprise v.使惊奇;使诧异 n.惊奇;惊讶→surprised adj.吃惊的→surprising adj.令人吃惊的
34.swim n./v.游泳→swimming n.游泳→swimmer n.游泳者→过去式 swam→过去分词 swum
35.science n.科学→scientist n.科学家→scientific adj.科学的
36.sheep n.羊;绵羊→复数 sheep
37.shine v.发光;照耀→过去式 shne/shined→.过去分词 shne/shined→shining adj.闪亮的;发光的
38.shy adj.羞怯的;腼腆的→shyness n.害羞;腼腆
39.sick adj.生病的;有病的→sickness n.疾病
40.snw v.下雪 n.雪→snwy adj.下雪的;多雪的→snwman n.雪人
41.scial adj.社会的;社交的→sciety n.社会;社团;协会
42.suth adj.南方的;南部的来自南方的 n.南;南方→suthern adj.南方的
43.speed n.速度 v.超速驾驶→去式 sped/speeded→过去分词 sped/speeded
44.spell v.拼写;用字母拼→过去式 spelt/spelled→过去分词 spelt/spelled→spelling n.拼写
45.stick n.树枝;棍;条 v.粘贴;将...刺入;插入→过去式/过去分词 stuck
46.stmach n.胃;腹部→stmachache n.胃痛;腹痛
47.sun n.太阳;阳光→sunny adj.晴朗的;阳光明媚的→sunshine n.阳光→sunglasses n.太阳镜
T
1.take v.买下;拿;取;搭乘;乘坐;固定使用;把(某人)带往;使(某人)到;穿(某尺寸的衣服或鞋子);需要...时间;费时
→过去式 tk→过去分词 taken
2.taste v.尝;品;吃 n.味道→tasty adj.味道好的
3.teach v.教;教授→teacher n.教师→过去式/过去分词 taught
4.tell v.讲述;告诉→retell v.复述→过去式/过去分词 tld
5.this prn.这;这个→复数 these prn.这些
6.that prn.那;那个→复数 thse prn.那些
7.thank v.感谢;谢谢→thankful adj.感觉的;感谢的
8.they prn.他(她、它)们→them prn.他(她、它)们→their prn.他(她、它)们的→theirs prn.他(她、它)们的
→themselves prn.他(她、它)们自己
9.think v.认为;想;思考→thught n.思维;思考;考虑;想法;见解→过去式/过去分词 thught
10.third num.第三→three num.三
11.thrw v.扔;掷;投→过去式 threw 过去分词 thrwn
12.tidy adj.整洁的;井井有条的 v.使整洁;使整齐;整理→untidy adj.不整洁的
13.tire v.(使)感到累/厌烦→tired adj.疲倦的;疲劳的→tiring adj.累人的
14.tuch n.触觉;联系 v.感动;触摸;接触;联系→tuched adj.感动的;受感动的→tuching adj.令人感动的
15.traditin n.传统→traditinal adj.传统的;惯例的
16.train n.火车 v.培训;接受训练;(体育)训练;操练→training n.培训;训练
17.travel v./n.旅行;游历→travel(l)ing n.旅行
18.treat v.招待;请(客);买(可享受的东西);对待;看待;医治;医疗;处理 n.款待;招待→treatment n.对待;待遇;治疗
19.true adj.确实的;真的;真正的→truly adv.真正地;真实地→truth n.真理;真相;实情
20.teen n.青少年→teenage adj.几十岁的;青少年的→teenager n.青少年
21.tth n.牙齿→复数 teeth→tthache n.牙痛→tthbrush n.牙刷
22.translate v.翻译→translatin n.译文→translatr n.译员;翻译者
23.tur v./n.旅行;旅游→turist n.旅行者;观光者→turism n.旅游业
24.twenty num.二十→twentieth n.第二十
25.twelve num.十二→twelfth num.第二十
U
1.understand v.理解;明白;领会;懂→understanding n.理解;了解→misunderstand v.误解→misunderstanding n.误解
2.usual adj.通常的;平常的;寻常的→usually adv.通常;经常→unusual adj.与众不同的;不寻常的
3.use v./n.用;使用→useful adj.有用的;有益的→useless adj.无用的→user n.使用者;用户→reuse v.再次使用;重复利用
V
1.visit v./n.参观;拜访;探望→visitr n.游客;访问者
2.village n.村庄;乡村;村镇→villager n.村民
3.value v.重视;珍视;评价;估价 n.价值;有用性→valuable adj.值钱的;贵重的
W
1.wait v.等待;等候→waiter n.服务员;侍者→waitress n.女服务员;女侍者
2.wake v.醒;醒来;弄醒;唤醒→awake adj.醒着的 v.(使)醒来→过去式 wke→过去分词 wken
3.warm adj.温暖的;暖和的;热心的 v.(使)变暖;使暖和;使温暖→warmth n.温暖;热情
4.weak adj.虚弱的;无力的→weakness n.软弱;虚脱;弱点;懦弱
5.wear v.穿;戴→过去式 wre→过去分词 wrn
6.week n.周;星期→weekly adj.每周的 adv.每周一次→weekday n.工作日→weekend n.周末
7.weight n.重量;分量→weigh v.重;重量是...;称...的重量
8.wh prn.谁;什么人→whm prn.谁;什么人→whse prn.谁的→whever prn.无论谁;不管什么人
9.wide adj.宽的;宽阔的;广泛的→widely adv.普遍地;加宽地→widen v.加宽
10.win v.获胜;赢;赢得→winner n.获胜者→过去式/过去分词 wn
11.wise adj.明智的;高明的;聪明的→wisdm n.智慧;才智
12.wnder n.奇才;奇迹;奇观 v.好奇;想知道;感到惊讶→wnderful adj.精彩的;绝妙的
13.wrk v.工作;运转;学习 n.工作;劳动;作品;著作→wrker n.工人;工作者→wrkmate n.同事
14.wrry n.担心;担忧→wrrying adj.令人担忧的;令人发愁的→wrried adj.担心的;烦恼的
15.write v.写作;写字;写→writer n作者;作家→过去式 wrte→过去分词 written
16.west n西;西方 adj.西方的;向西的;西部的 adv.向西;朝西→western/Western adj.西方国家的;(尤指)欧美的;西部的
17.wife n.妻子;太太→复数 wives
18.wind n.风;气流→windy adj.多风的;刮大风的
19.wlf n.狼→复数 wlves
20.wd n.木头;木材;树木;森林→wden adj.木制的;木头的
21.wund n.伤;伤口 v.使受伤;伤害→wunded adj.受伤的
Y
1.yu prn.你;你们→yur prn.你(们)的→yurs prn.你的;你们的→yurself prn.你自己→复数yurselves 你们自己
2.yung adj.幼小的;年轻的→yuth n.青春;年轻人
3.yard n.院子;场地→schlyard n.校园
二．常考短语（328个）
动词短语
一. turn 短语
1. turn arund 转身;调头
2. turn up 调高（音量）;出现
3.turn dwn 调低（音量）;拒绝
4. turn ff 关掉
5. turn n 打开
6. turn int 变成
7. turn ut 结果是
8. turn t 翻到;转向
二. put 短语
1. put away 放好; 收拾
2. put dwn 记下; 镇压
3. put ff 推迟
4. put n 穿上;戴上;上演;增加（体重）
5. put ut 熄灭; 扑灭
6. put up 张贴（广告等）; 搭建;举起;挂起
三. take 短语
1.take after（外貌或行为）像
2. take away 拿走
3.take back 收回
4. take care 当心
5. take dwn 记下;取下
6. take in 吸收;吞入（体内）;欺骗
7.take ff 脱下（衣服）;（飞机等）起飞
8. take ut 取出;除掉
9. take up 从事;着手处理;占用;占据
10. take actins t d 采取行动
11. take ntes 记笔记
12. take place 发生
13.take turns 轮流;依次
14. take a risk/risks 冒险
15. take a shwer 洗淋浴;洗澡
16.take part in参加;参与
17. take pride in 为…感到自豪
四. get 短语
1. get ff 下车;离开
2. get n 上车; 进展
3. get ut 逃离;外出
4. get ver 克服
5. get t 到达
6. get up 起床
7. get lst 迷路
8. get ready 准备好
9. get tgether 相聚
10. get in tuch with 和…取得联系
11. get ut f 离开; 逃离; 从…出来
12. get rid f 摆脱
13. get alng/n （well） with 和睦相处;关系良好
五. give 短语
1. give away 捐赠
2. give in 屈服;让步
3. give ff 发出;放出（气味、热、光等）
4. give ut 分发;散发
5. give up （ding）放弃（做）
6.give a speech 发表演讲
六. keep 短语
1.keep…away远离…
2. keep away frm 避免接近;远离
3. keep n dng 坚持
4. keep up with 赶上; 和…保持联系
5. keep in tuch with 与…保持联系
6. keep an eye n 留意;密切注视
七. lk 短语
1. lk after 照顾
2. lk at 看
3. lk dwn n/upn sb. 看不起某人
4. lk fr 寻找
5. lk like 看起来像
6. lk ut 留神;当心
7. lk ver 检查
8. lk thrugh 浏览
9. lk up 查阅;抬头看
10. lk frward t dng 期待; 盼望
八. make 短语
1. make friends with 结交朋友
2. make mney 赚钱
3. make （a） nise 制造噪声
4. make prgress in 取得进步
5. make sure 确保; 查明
6.make a decisin＝make decisins 做决定
7. make a difference t sb/sth 影响;有作用
8. make a mistake＝make mistakes 犯错
9. make an（every） effrt t d 做出努力
10. make the/ne’s bed 铺床
11. make （gd/better） use f 使用;利用
九. think 短语
1.think f认为;想起
2. think up 想出
3. think abut 思考;思索
4. think ver 仔细考虑
5. think twice 再三考虑
十. agree 短语
1. agree with 赞同某人;同意（说法/决定等）
2. agree t 同意某事/做某事
3. agree n 就…达成一致
十一. break 短语
1. break dwn 发生故障
2. break in 闯入;打断
3. break ut （战争、火灾等）突然发生;爆发
十二. call 短语
1. call （sb.） back （给某人）回电话
2. call n sb. t d 号召;拜访
3. call sb. at…拨…打给某人
十三. cme 短语
1. cme back t 回来
2. cme frm 来自
3. cme ut 出来;出版
4. cme up with 想出（主意）;提出;找出（答案）
5. cme true （希望等）实现;达到
6. cme t ne's mind 某人忽然想起
十四. cut 短语
1. cut dwn 砍倒
2. cut up 切碎
十五. fall 短语
1. fall behind 落后
2. fall dwn 突然倒下;跌倒;倒塌
3. fall int 掉进…里
4. fall ff 从…掉下来
5. fall asleep 入睡
6. fall ill 患病;病倒
7. fall in lve with 爱上…
十六.g短语
1.g n继续
2.g ut出去;熄灭
3.g ver仔细检查;复习
4.g thrugh经历;翻阅;通过
5.g abrad 出国
6.g fr a walk去散步
十七. have 短语
1. have a fever/cld/cugh/headache （患）发烧/感冒/咳嗽 /头痛
2. have a lk 看一看
3. have/hld a party 举办派对
4. have a picnic 野餐
5. have a try 试一试;尝试一下
十八. lse 短语
1. lse cntrl 失控
2. lse heart 灰心;气馁
3. lse weight 减肥
4. lse ne's life 丧生
5. lse ne's way 迷路
十九. play 短语
1. play against 同…比赛
2. play chess 下国际象棋
3. play the guitar 弹吉他
4. play a rle/part in 在…中起作用
5. play a jke n sb. 开某人的玩笑
二十. run 短语
1.run after 追逐;追赶
2. run away 逃跑;跑掉
3. run away frm 逃离;逃避
4. run ut （f）用完;耗尽
二十一. set 短语
1. set ff 动身; 出发;使爆炸
2. set up 创办;建立;设置
二十二. stay 短语
1. stay up 熬夜
2. stay away frm 与…保持距离
3. stay calm 保持镇定
介词短语
一. up 短语
1. bring up 教育;培养;抚养
2. call up 打电话给（某人）;征召
3. cheer up 使…振奋起来
4. cut up 切碎
5. eat up 吃光
6. get up 起床;站起
7. give up 放弃
8. grw up 成长;长大
9. hurry up 赶快
10. lk up 查阅;抬头看
11. make up 组成;编造;化妆
12. pick up 挑选; 捡起;拿起;接（电话/某人）
13. set up 创办;建立;设置
14. stay up 熬夜
15. take up 占据
二. away 短语
1. blw away 吹走
2. pass away 过世;逝世
3. put away 收起;收拾好
4. run away 逃跑;跑掉
5. thrw away 扔掉
6.wash away 冲走;洗掉
三. dwn 短语
1. break dwn 发生故障
2. calm dwn 平静下来;镇定下来
3. cut dwn 砍倒
4. slw dwn 减速
5. write dwn 写下;记下
四. abut 短语
1. dream abut 梦想;梦到
2. hear abut 听说;得知
3. learn abut 学习;了解
4. talk abut 谈论; 讨论; 议论
5. think abut 考虑
6. wrry abut 担心; 烦恼
五. f 短语
1.die frm/f 死于
2. dream f 梦想;梦见
3. hear f 听说
4. remind sb. f sth.使某人想起某事
5. think f 认为;想起
6. be made f 由…制成/组成（可以看出原材料）
7. take care f 照顾;照料
8. be made up f 由…组成
六. ff 短语
1. cut ff 切除
2. put ff 推迟
3. see … ff 为…送行
4. set ff 动身;出发;使爆炸
5. shut ff 关闭;使停止运转
6.take ff 脱下（衣服）;（飞机等）起飞
7. turn ff 关掉
七. n 短语
1. depend n 依赖;依靠;取决于
2. fcus n 致力于;使聚焦于
3. hld n 等一等（别挂电话）
4. knck n 敲
5.try n 试穿
八. at 短语
1. arrive at 抵达
2. laugh at 嘲笑
3. knck at 敲
4. pint at 指着
九. after 短语
1. lk after 照顾
2. run after 追逐;追赶
3.take after（外貌或行为）像
九．fr 短语
1. leave fr 出发前往
2. lk fr 寻找;寻求
3. pay fr 付…账; 付买…的钱
4. prepare fr 为…做准备
5. search fr 搜寻;查找
6. stand fr 代表;支持
十. frm 短语
1.die frm/f 死于
2. hear frm 收到…的来信
3. prtect … frm 保护…不受侵害
4. prevent… frm ding sth. 阻止…做某事
5.stay away frm与…保持距离
十一. in 短语
1. arrive in 到达
2. believe in 信任;信赖
3. give in 屈服;让步
4. hand in 上交;提交;呈送
5. jin in/take part in 参加
6. take in 接收:吞入（体内）;欺骗
十二. ut 短语
1. blw ut 吹灭
2. break ut （战争、火灾等）突然发生;爆发
3.die ut 灭绝;消失
4. find ut 查明;发现;了解
5. put ut 扑灭; 熄灭
6. sell ut 卖光
7.take ut 取出
8. wrk ut 解决;算出
十三. t 短语
1. belng t sb. 属于某人
2. stick t ding sth.坚持做某事
3. cmpare… t… 把…比作; 把…比喻为
4. help neself t 请随便吃/喝…
5. lk frward t （ding） sth. 期待（做）某事
十四. with 短语
1. begin with/start with 以…开始
2. cmpare… with…把…和…做比较
3. cnnect with 连接;与…联系
4. deal with 处理;应付（与 hw 连用）
5. d with处理（与what连用）
6. prvide… with…提供…给…
7. share… with… 与…分享
8. catch up with 赶上
9. cme up with 提出;想出
10. fall in lve with 爱上…
11. get alng/n （well） with 与…和睦相处/关系良好
12. make friends with 与…交朋友
形容词短语
一. be +adj. + with
1. be angry with… 生…的气
2. be busy with… 忙于…
3. be careful with 小心（对待）…
4. be cvered with…被…所覆盖
5. be filled with… 充满…
6. be pleased with…对…感到满意
7. be ppular with… 受…欢迎
8. be satisfied with…对…满意
9. be strict with sb.对某人要求严格
二．be+adj.+fr
1.be famus/knwn/well-knwn fr+原因 因…而著名
2. be gd/bad fr…对…有益/有害
3.be/get ready fr…为…做好准备
三. be +adj.+ f
1. be afraid f （ding） …害怕（做） …
2. be careful f… 小心/注意…
3. be fnd f （ding）…喜欢（做）…
4. be full f… 充满…
5. be prud f… 为…骄傲;感到自豪
6. be shrt f … 缺乏…
7. be tired f （ding） …厌倦（做） …
五. be +adj. + t
1. be clse t… 靠近…
2. be famus/knwn/well-knwn t+对象 为…所熟知
3. be friendly/kind/nice t… 对…友好
4. be harmful t… 对…有害
5. be similar t… 与…类似
6. be used t ding… 习惯于…
六. be +adj.+ at
1. be amazed at…对…感到惊讶
2. be gd/bad at…擅长/不擅长…
3. be surprised at…对…感到吃惊
其他短语
1. enjy neself＝have a gd/great/wnderful time＝have fun 过得愉快;玩得开心
2. feel like 想;想要
4. leave… alne 不打扰;不管
5. regard… as…把…当作…
6. d harm t 对…有危害
7.s far到目前为止;迄今为止
8. nce in a while 偶尔;有时
9.day and night 日日夜夜
10. all year rund 全年
11. after all 毕竟;终归
12. as well as 和…一样
13. as well 也;此外
14. much t 太
15. n lnger/nt any lnger 不再
16. n wnder 难怪;怪不得
17. nt… at all 一点儿也不
三．重点句型（104句）
时态
They ften discuss business in the evening.他们经常在晚上商谈生意
The earth turns rund the sun.地球绕着太阳转
If it rains tmrrw,we will have t stay at hme.(如果明天下雨我们就只好呆在家
I gt up at 6：00 this mrning.我是早上六点钟起床的
I am writing a lng nvel these days.我最近在写一本长篇小说
He was cking supper this time yesterday.昨天这个时候他正在做晚饭
When he came in, I was listening t the radi. 他进来时，我在听收音机。
It was raining hard when we arrived. 我们到达时正下着大雨。
I met him when [while] I was taking a walk in the park. 我在公园散步时遇到了他。
I will graduate frm this schl sn.我很快就要从这所中学毕业了
Yu will stay alne after I leave.(我走了之后你就要一个人过了
We have lived here since 2000.自从2000年我们一直住在这里。
I’ve been t Beijing many times.我去过北京根多次。
The Greens have been in China fr tw years.格林一家已在中国待了两年了。
I’ve been away frm this city fr eight years我离开这个城市已经8年了。
被动语态
The classrm is cleaned every day.教室每天都会被打扫。
This bridge was built ten years ag.这座桥建于十年前。
A new schl will be built next year.明年一所新的学校将会被建起来。
16-year-ld teenagers shuldn’t be allwed t drive.十六岁的青少年不应该被允许开车。
Smething must be dne abut the present situatin.对于目前的情况，必须采取某种措施。
非谓语
He is learning t swim.他在学习游泳。
He went t the library t brrw sme bks.他去图书馆借了几本书。
It is kind f yu t help the ld.帮助老年人，你真是太好了！
I fund it difficult t find a jb in the city.我觉得在这座城市找份工作很难。
I dn’t knw where t g.我不知道去哪里。
He is t yung t g t schl.他年龄太小了不能去上学。
He ften helps his parents (t) d husewrk n weekends. 他经常在周末帮助父母做家务。
Swimming is gd fr health.游泳对健康有好处。
Anne is used t living in this city.安妮习惯生活在这座城市。
His hbby is cllecting stamps.他的业余爱好是集邮。
I see him passing my huse every day.我看见他天天从我家经过。
He stpped wrking.他停止了工作。
Please remember t clse the windw when yu leave the rm.当你离开房间时，请记得关上窗户。
I frgt t bring my hmewrk.我忘记带作业了。
I regret t have t d this, but I have n chice.我很遗憾必须这样做，但是我没有选择。
He was interested in the jb.他对这份工作感兴趣。
I lk frward t hearing frm yu.我期待着您的来信。
陈述句
That by ften helps thers.那个男孩经常帮助别人。
Man can't live withut water.没有水，人类不能生存。
They didn’t play the guitar yesterday.他们昨天没有弹吉他。
疑问句
Des she live in Beijing？-她住在北京吗？
When did yu cme here?-你是什么时候来到这儿的？
Hw sn will the cncert begin?-再过多久音乐会开始？
Hw lng have yu lived here?-你住在这儿多长时间了？
Hw ften d yu have an English party?-你们多久举行一次英语聚会？
Hw far d yu live frm yur schl?-你住的地方离学校有多远？
D yu like apples r pears?-你喜欢苹果还是梨？
Which wuld yu like better, tea r cffee?-你更喜欢哪种，茶还是咖啡？
祈使句
Dn’t talk in class!不要在课堂上讲话！
Dn’t be late again!不要再迟到了！
N smking禁止吸烟
感叹句
What a beautiful girl（she is）！（她是一个）多么漂亮的女孩啊！
What imprtant jbs (they have dne)!（他们做了）多么重要的工作啊！
What gd news (it is）！（这是）多好的消息啊！
Hw delicius (the ndles are)!（面条）多么美味啊！
Hw useful a subject （it is）！（这是）多么有用的一门学科啊！
Hw time flies!时间过得真快啊！
There be 句型
There are tw glasses f water n the table.桌子上有两杯水。
There is a pen and tw bks n the desk.桌子上有一支钢笔和两本书。
Lk at the dark clud! There is ging t be heavy rain.看那乌云！快要下大雨了。
There are tw bys playing games in the rm.房间里有两个男孩在玩游戏。
It的特殊句
What’s the time nw？-现在几点了？
What's the weather like tday?-今天天气怎么样？-It’s sunny.-今天是晴天。
It is very imprtant fr me t learn a freign language.学一门外语对我来讲很重要。
It tk me sme time t finish reading the materials.读完这些材料花了我一些时间。
I find it hard t learn gymnastics.我觉得学习体操挺难的。
I feel it necessary t take plenty f exercise every day.我感觉每天做大量的锻炼是必要的。
并列句
Hurry up， r yu’ll miss the early bus.快点儿，否则你会错过早班车。
He is reading while she is ding her hmewrk.他正在读书而她正在做作业。
I want t help the pr， but I dn’t knw what t d fr them.我想帮助穷人，但我不知道该为他们做些什么。
Yur father will be back tmrrw r the day after tmrrw.你爸爸明天或者后天回来。
Bth she and I d well in English.我和她都擅长英语。
Nt nly yu but als he wants t buy the bk.不仅是你，而且他也想买这本书。
Neither he nr his children like fish.他和他的孩子们都不喜欢鱼肉。
宾语从句
I hpe that he will be fine sn.我希望他很快好起来。
Tm desn’t knw if/whether his grandpa likes the present.汤姆不知道他爷爷是否喜欢这份礼物。
状语从句
While I was playing the guitar， my sister was ding her hmewrk.当我在弹吉他时，我姐姐在做作业。
I have returned hme twice since I settled dwn in the United States.自从我定居美国以来回过两次家。
I didn’t knw anything abut it until yu tld me.直到你告诉我，我才知道关于此事的情况。
I’ll give yu an answer as sn as I finish reading yur file.我一读完你的档案就给你答复。
Yu wn’t pass this mid－term exam unless yu study hard every day.除非你每天努力学习，否则你不会通过这次期中考试的。
Yu can cme back here at any time as lng as yu’d like.只要你愿意，你随时都可以回来这里。
If yu wrk hard， yu will make great prgress.＝
Wrk hard， and yu will make great prgress.如果你努力学习，你就会取得大的进步。
Althugh/Thugh it’s hard t finish， he still tries again and again.虽然很难完成，但他还是一次又一次地尝试。
Even if I finish my hmewrk n time， I wn’t g t the cinema tday.即使我按时完成作业，今天我也不去看电影。
He is ging t the lecture early s that he may get a gd seat.他打算早点去听讲座，以便找个好座位。
The girl is s yung that she can’t g t schl.＝
The girl isn’t ld enugh t g t schl.＝
The girl is t yung t g t schl.这个女孩太小了，以至于她还不能去上学。
Miss Ga wrks as hard as Mr. Wang.高小姐和王先生工作一样努力。
English is nt s difficult as Chinese.英语不如汉语难。
The wrk is mre imprtant than yu thught.这项工作比你想的更重要。
China has develped mre and mre quickly.中国发展得越来越快。
The harder yu wrk， the better yu will be.你工作越努力，你就会变得越好。
Jhn is taller than any ther by in the class.约翰比班里其他任何一位男孩都高。
He runs fastest amng these bys. 他是这些男孩中跑得最快的。
The Yellw River is ne f the lngest rivers in China.黄河是中国最长的河流之一。
Africa is the secnd largest cntinent in the wrld.非洲是世界第二大洲。
定语从句
This is the mst wnderful film that I have seen.这是我看过的最精彩的电影。
This is the rm in which yu will stay. 这是你将要住的房间。
The man wh/that is playing the pian is my music teacher. 正在弹钢琴的那个人是我的音乐老师。
Please shw me the bk whse cver is black.请把封面是黑色的那本书给我看看。
This is the place where he was brn. 这是他出生的地方。
四．长难句破解
Step 1:圈出并列句或从句的引导词画出所有主语和谓语动词，用斜线划分并列分句、主句和从句。
Step 2:如果有并列分句，结合并列连词的意思，分别理解并列的分句，助解题。
Step 3:如果有从句，根据引导词和从句位置判断从句类型，分别理解主句与从句，助解题。
例子1
分析 该句有并列连词but和引导词that，以及3套主谓结构，将该句分为3个部分。进一步分析可知，该句为but连接的并列复合句，其中主句1中含有宾语从句。
翻译 说一种产品是“绿色的”或“纯天然的”很容易，但这些话可能好得令人难以置信。
解题 下列选项中，对该句理解正确的是___。
A.It’s true that a prduct is “green” r “all natural”.
B.Sme prducts may nt be all natural as it is said.
C.Nne f the prducts are “green” r “all natural”.
解析：A项错误，忽略了后句中but的转折作用，未理解“（太……而不能）”结构的含义。
B项正确，是对原句的同义转述。
C项错误，“Nne f the prducts”否定范围过大。
例子2
分析 该句有并列连词nt nly...（but） als，有3组主语谓语，将该句分为3个部分。进一步分析可知，该句为nt nly...（but） als连接的并列复合句，主句1为there be句型的倒装句，主句2中有定语从句，将主句2的主语和谓语分隔。
翻译 不仅有健康方面的益处，增加儿童接触蔬菜的种类还可能让他们吃饭更顺利。
解题 下列选项中，对该句理解正确的是___。
A.Increasing the variety f vegetables is just gd fr health.
B.There are benefits t health and making children expsed t mre kinds f vegetables may als
make their mealtimes much easier.
C.There are nt benefits t health, but the variety f vegetables are increased.
解析：A项错误，只提到了主句1的内容，忽略了主句2的内容,没有识别“Nt nly...（but）als...”结构。
B项正确，与原句的内容相符。
C项错误，与主句1内容不符，混淆了nt als...与。
例子3
分析 该句有2个even if和1个as作为引导词，有4套主语谓语，将句子分成了4个部分：一个主句和3个从句。
翻译 即使我们出生在巴黎的俄罗斯家庭，我们也可以学习如何包饺子，就像即使我们的家人或朋友都不会说英语,我们也可以学习如何说英语一样。
解题 下列选项中，对该句理解正确的是___。
A.Peple can learn hw t make jiazi and hw t speak English althugh their parents can’t.
B.Peple can’t learn hw t make jiazi if they were nt brn in China.
C.Learning hw t make jiazi is the same as learning hw t speak English.
解析：A项正确，althugh同义替换even if，该选项与原句内容相符。
B项错误，该选项误将even if引导的让步状语从句理解为if引导的条件状语从句。
C项错误，原句并没有比较“做饺子”和“说英语”两件事,且该选项没有体现even if 从句的内容。
例子4
分析 该句有that和wh两个引导词，3套主语谓语。通过分析可知，主句含that引导的宾语从句，宾语从句含wh引导的定语从句。
翻译 例如，我们发现那些被要求回顾过去一周最有意义的事件的人，通常报告了在那些时刻的高体验式欣赏。
解题 下列选项中，对该句理解正确的是___。
A.All the peple had high experiential appreciatin in thse mments.
B.All the peple were asked t lk back n the mst meaningful event f the past week.
C.There is a cnnectin between meaningfulness and high EA.
解析：A项错误，该项忽略了定语从句的限定作用，并不是所有人，而是被要求回顾过去一周最有意义事件的人。
B项错误，文中定语从句修饰限定peple，说明是有些人被要求回顾过去一周最有意义的事件，而不是所有人。
C项正确，原句主要说明有意义和高体验式欣赏之间有联系。
例子5
分析 该句有when和that两个引导词，3套主语谓语，将句子分成了3部分（2个并列连词分别连接的是动词短语）。主句中有定语从句，主句前有状语从句。
翻译 当人们进一步思考什么产生有价值的生活时，他们倾向于超越愉悦的记忆，开始想起其他事件，那些经历与愉悦的经历重叠，但属于一个单独组别名称：享受。
练习1 When meditatrs（冥想者） learn that their minds wander（走神）, they quickly bring their attentin back, which is like ding a mental push-up（俯卧撑）.[2024海淀一模C篇]
（1）圈出连接并列分句的连词/从句引导词，在主语和谓语动词下画线，并用斜线划分并列分句/主从句。
（2）翻译
翻译：当冥想者意识到自己走神时，他们很快就会把注意力拉回来，这就像做心理俯卧撑一样。
练习2 We use scial media all the time, which desn’t mean that we understand the influence it is having n us.[2024燕山一模D篇]
（1）圈出连接并列分句的连词/从句引导词，在主语和谓语动词下画线，并用斜线划分并
列分句/主从句。
（2）翻译
我们一直在使用社交媒体，这并不意味着我们理解它对我们的影响。
练习3 Accrding t Duhaime, we managed t stay alive even when things were hard because ur brains learned t repeat decisins like mving twards a tasty treat r backing away frm danger.[2024海淀一模D篇]
圈出连接并列分句的连词/从句引导词，在主语和谓语动词下画线，并用斜线划分并列分句/主从句。
（2）翻译
根据Duhaime的说法，即使事情很艰难，我们也能活下来，因为我们的大脑学会了重复抉择，比如走向美味的食物或逃离危险。
练习4 The researchers fund that peple wh were discnnected frm thers were abut three times mre likely t die during the nine-year study than peple with strng scial ties.[2024平谷一模D篇]
圈出连接并列分句的连词/从句引导词，在主语和谓语动词下画线，并用斜线划分并列分句/主从句。
（2）翻译
研究人员发现，在为期九年的研究中，与他人脱节的人死亡的可能性是与他人社会关系密切的人的三倍。
练习5 Mre recent research has shwn that ur reactin（反应） t cuteness isn’t necessarily directly related t sme inbrn need t take care f ther lives, but rather mre f a general, psitive feeling that can influence hw we scially interact with ther peple.[2024石景山一模D篇改编]
圈出连接并列分句的连词/从句引导词，在主语和谓语动词下画线，并用斜线划分并列分句/主从句。
（2）翻译
最近的研究表明，我们对可爱的反应并不一定与某种本能的照顾其他生命的需求直接相关，而更像是一种普遍的、积极的感觉，这种感觉会影响我们与他人社交互动的方式。
练习6 Yu’ve prbably heard that wildflwers supprt insects like butterflies and bees, which play a huge rle in pllinating crps（给庄稼授粉） that we depend n fr fd.[2023石景山一模D篇]
（1）圈出连接并列分句的连词/从句引导词，在主语和谓语动词下画线，并用斜线划分并列分句/主从句。
（2）翻译
你可能听说过野花供养像蝴蝶和蜜蜂这样的昆虫，它们在为我们赖以为生的庄稼的授粉中发挥着巨大的作用。
练习7 Althugh self-discipline（自律） seems t be usually cnnected with self-cntrl and willpwer（意志力）, it still has t be based n respect fr ne’s wn free will and effective methds.[2023东城二模C篇]
（1）圈出连接并列分句的连词/从句引导词，在主语和谓语动词下画线，并用斜线划分并列分句/主从句。
（2）翻译
虽然自律似乎通常与自我控制和意志力联系在一起，但它仍然必须建立在尊重自己的自由意志和有效方法的基础上。
练习8 Daydreaming allws yu t uncver（揭露） thughts and ideas yu did nt realize yu even had and get the thughts hidden under the surface.[2023朝阳二模C篇]
（1）圈出连接并列分句的连词/从句引导词，在主语和谓语动词下画线，并用斜线划分并列分句/主从句。
（2）翻译
白日梦可以让你发现你没有意识到你甚至会有的想法和看法，并得到那些被隐藏在表面之下的想法。
练习9 Hwever, this term has felt the mst difficult and my grades are much wrse than they were when I was taking tw mre classes.[2022西城一模C篇]
（1）圈出连接并列分句的连词/从句引导词，在主语和谓语动词下画线，并用斜线划分并列分句/主从句。
（2）翻译
然而，这个学期感觉是最困难的，我的成绩比我多上两节课的时候差得多。
练习10 The cllapse（崩溃） f any f the netwrks f relatins ur well-being（健康） depends upn, such as fd and energy, wuld prduce terrible results.
（1）圈出连接并列分句的连词/从句引导词，在主语和谓语动词下画线，并用斜线划分并列分句/主从句。
（2）翻译
我们的健康所依赖的任何关系网络，比如食物和能源，一旦崩溃便会产生可怕的结果。
五．重点语法速记
（一）冠词
1. 不定冠词
特别提醒
a和an都用于可数名词单数前，但两者用法有区别：
若随后的单词以辅音音素开头用a若随后的单词以元音音素开头用an
*某些以元音字母开头的单词用a，因为其第一个音是/j/。如：a university，a Eurpean language。
*某些以字母 h 开头的单词用an，因为这些单词的＂h＂不发音。如：an hnest by，an hur ag。
字母s，x，n，m，f等用an 如：there is an “s”in the wrd.
*在序数词前表示“又一，再一”。如：I’ve tried three times. Let me try a furth time.
2. 定冠词the
定冠词the的基本用法
3. 不用冠词（零冠词）
（二）名词
规则变化
不规则变化：
名词所有格
【初中考点用t情况】：
the key t the dr 门的钥匙
the answer t the questin问题的答案
the ticket 门票
the way t 去...的路上
（三）代词
一、人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
1.人称代词、物主代词和反身代词构成如下：
【拓展】
带有反身代词的常用短语
enjy neself过得愉快 help neself t随便吃……
dress neself打扮自己 leave sb. by neself把某人单独留下
learn... by neself自学……cme t neself苏醒
by neself亲自 hurt neself伤到某人自己；伤害自己
疑问代词
特殊疑问句 = 特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句 （be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他？）
↓ ▼（宾语从句中直接充当连词）
分类：①wh-- ：what、wh、when、where、which、whm、whse...
②hw类：hw much（问价格/数量）hw many（问数量）
hw lng （问时间长度）hw far （问距离）
hw ld （问年龄）hw ften（问频率）
hw （问方式）hw sn （问多快 → in+一段时间）
易混不定代词辨析
（四）数词
基数词
序数词
(1)构成
【记忆口诀】
基变序，有规律，一二三特殊记，结尾字母t、d、d；其余词尾加th，其中例外用心记；
八去t，九去e，ve要用f替(eighth、ninth、fifth、twelfth)；
若以y来结尾，就用ie把y去(twentieth)！不论几百几十几，个位变化就可以。
2. the+序数词“第几次”；a +序数词 “又一次” ：a secnd chance又一次机会
注意：the 前面有物主代词/名词所有格，去the → this is my the first
（五）介词
时间介词
at、n 与in
in、after与befre
since与fr
2.方位介词
（1）
（2）in、n与t
其他介词
n：接触面上面；abve在…上方； ver：在…正上方；
⚠ belw：在…下方；under：在…正下方
在…旁边：by = beside < next t < near【距离越来越远】
在…之间：between (X=2) amng (X=3)
穿过，经过：acrss（外部），thrugh（内部），past（侧面）
例：g acrss the rad 过马路，g thrugh the frests穿过森林，
swim acrss the river ? acrss 点到点的关系，thrugh点到面的关系
位于：lie in（ 内部），lie n （相邻接壤），lie t（相邻不接壤）
除了…以外：except（不包含原事物）；besides = in additin t（包含原事物）
but = nly（除了…都没有，例如：nthing but，nbdy but）
in frnt f 在的前面【范围外】，in the frnt f 在前面【范围内部】
（六）连词
并列连词
常见并列连词
常见并列连词短语
Bth she and I d well in English.我和她都擅长英语。
Nt nly yu but als he wants t buy the bk.不仅是你，而且他也想买这本书。
Neither he nr his children like fish.他和他的孩子们都不喜欢鱼肉。
从属连词
①引导时间状语从句的连词
②引导条件状语从句的连词
③引导让步状语从句的连词
④引导结果状语从句的连词
【注意】当名词前面有 many、much、few、little等限定词时，应该用 s，而不能用such。
There were s many peple in the street.街上有很多人。
⑤引导目的状语从句的连词
⑥引导原因状语从句的连词
⑦引导方式状语从句的连词
（七）形容词、副词
1.变化规则
(2)不规则变化
形容词原级的用法
1.说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时用形容词原级。如:
The flwers in the garden are beautiful.花园里的花很漂亮。
2.表示绝对概念的副词very,s,t,enugh,quite等修饰时用形容词原级。如:
The by is t yung.这个男孩太小了。
3.表示A与B在某方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。
(1)肯定句中的结构:“A
+as+形容词原级+as+B”。如:
English is as interesting as Chinese.英文和中文一样有趣。
(2)否定句中的结构:“A...+nt+as/s+形容词原级+as+B”。如:
This bk isn’t s new as that ne.这本书不如那本书新。
否定句的结构中部分双音节和多音节形容词除使用“+形容词原级+as”结构外,还可使用“less+形容词原级+than”结构。如:
He thinks Chinese is less interesting than English.他认为汉语没有英语有趣。
(3)表示“A是B的……倍”时,用“A...+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”结构(一倍:nce,两倍:twice,三倍及以上:基数词+times)。如:
Our schl is three times as big as theirs.我们学校是他们学校的三倍大。
(4)half as+形容词原级+as表示“……是……的一半”。如:
Her rm is half as big as yurs.她的房间是你房间的一半大。
形容词比较级的用法
1.表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级,其结构为“A+be+比较级+than+B”。如:
Lily’s rm is bigger than mine.莉莉的房间比我的大。
注意:为了避免重复,在从句中常用the ne,that,thse等词来代替前面出现过的名词。其中the ne代替可数名词单数形式,the nes或thse代替可数名词复数形式,that代替单数名词或不可数名词。如:
The weather f Tianjin is clder than that f Guangzhu in winter.冬天,天津的天气比广州的冷。
2.有表示程度的副词a little,a bit,a great deal,a lt,much,even,still,far,any等修饰形容词时,该形容词可以用比较级。如:
It is much clder tday than yesterday.今天比昨天冷得多。
3.表示两者之间进行选择,“哪一个更……”时,用句型“Which/Wh+be+形容词比较级,A r B?”表示。如:
Wh is taller,Li Ming r Wang Ta?谁比较高,李明还是王涛?
4.表示“几倍……”时,用“倍数+比较级+than”表示。如:
Yur rm is three times bigger than mine.你的房间比我的大两倍。
5.表示“两者之间比较……的一个”时,常用“主语+be+the+比较级+f the tw...”结构。如:
Mary is the taller f the twins.玛丽是双胞胎中比较高的那个。
6.表示“越来越……”时用“比较级+and+比较级”,当形容词为多音节词或部分双音节词时,用“mre and mre+形容词原级”。如:
It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring.春天天气变得越来越暖和了。
7.表示“越……,越……”时,用“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”结构。如:
The mre,the better.越多越好。
形容词最高级的用法
1.表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级形式。形容词最高级前常加定冠词the,句末常跟一个in/f短语来表示范围。
2.表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时,用“Which/Wh is+the+最高级,A,B r C?”结构。如:
Which city is the mst beautiful,Beijing,Shanghai r Fuzhu?哪座城市最漂亮,北京、上海还是福州?
3.表示“最……的……之一”时,用“ne f the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构,该形容词后面的名词要用复数形式。如:Jay Chu is ne f the mst ppular singers.周杰伦是最受欢迎的歌手之一。
4.形容词最高级前面可以加序数词,表示“第几最……”。如:
The Yellw River is the secnd lngest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。
5.形容词最高级前面可以有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰,此时不能再用定冠词。如:
This is ur best lessn tday.这是我们今天最好的一节课。
6.形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。如:
Li Lei is the tallest student in his class.李雷是他班上最高的学生。
=Li Lei is taller than any ther student in his class.李雷比他班上其他任何一个学生都高。
=Li Lei is taller than the ther students in his class.李雷比他班上其他所有的学生都高。
=Li Lei is taller than anyne else in his class.李雷比他班上其他任何人都高。
=N ne is taller than Li Lei in his class.在班里没有人比李雷高。
=Li Lei is taller than any f the ther students in his class.李雷比班里其他任何学生都高。
=Li Lei is taller than the rest f the students in his class.李雷比他班里其余的学生都高。
（八）动词时态
初中阶段常见六种时态的构成及用法如下：
（九）动词的语态
（十）非谓语专题
一．不定式
1.非谓语「不带t」的不定式：一感+二听+三让+四看+半帮助
feel；hear；listen t；make；let；have；see；watch；ntice；bserve；help
2.不定式口诀：
计划要求去学习：intend，plan，mean，demand，learn
假装准备提申请：pretend，prepare，ffer，apply
询问目的再决定：ask，aim，decide
希望选择不拒绝：wish，hpe，expect，chse，refuse
碰巧失败担不起：happen，fail，affrd
渴望设法再同意：desire，manage，agree，prmise
二．动名词
想要成功要练习：feel like，succeed，practice
建议不逃不延期：suggest，escape，delay
坚持喜欢忍受嫉：keep，enjy，stand，envy
承认错过免介意：admit，miss，avid，mind
完成冒险不否定：finish，cmplete，risk，deny
区别同时+t d和+ding的词汇：
try t d 努力；try ding 尝试
mean t d 打算，mean ding 意味着
can't help t d 不能帮助；can't help ding 情不自禁
regret，frget；remember【t d表示未做；ding表示已做】；
stp；cntinue【t d表示另一事；ding表示同一件事】；
want，need，require【t d表示主动，ding表示被动】，
like，lve，hate【t d表示具体；ding表示习惯】等。
begin/start t d【一般可互换，但是主语是物/表示心理状态的动词，只t d】
三．高频考点集锦
stp t d sth 停下来去做、stp ding sth 停下正在做
had better (nt) d sth 最好（不）做 【 'd better 一般缩写 】
have sth dne 1请人做...【 I have my hair cut .】
2遭受 【 I have my wallet stlen.】
frget / remember t d sth【未做】 frget / remember ding sth【已做】
warn sb【nt】t d sth 警告某人不做【warning警告n.】
feel like ding sth = want t d sth = wuld like t d 想要做
主动：make sb d sth 使某人做 → 被动：be made t d sth 被要求做...
be adj /adv enugh d sth足够做...【 live in 居住...不省略in】
介词+ding 【动名词理解】
be busy ding sth = be busy with sth 忙于做
ask sb【nt】t d sth 叫某人不做
g n = cntinue继续【 t d 继续另一件事】【 ding继续同一件事】
have sme/ n time t d sth 有/无时间做
【frm】ding sth 阻止做 = prevent / ding sth
ding 保护...免受
see / watch / ntice /hear sb d stnlh 看/听到某人做...【平时/全过程】
see / watch / ntice /hear sb ding sth 看/听到某人做...【正在做】
表被动：be seen/watched /heard/nticed t d sth
I d what I can t help (help) yu. → 表目的
There be sb ding sth 有某人正在做...
疑问词+ t d ，what t d 做什么，hw t d sth
the best way t d sth 做的最好方式
It is adj fr sb t d sth【adj是形容sth】做对某人来说
It is adj f sb t d sth【adj是形容sb】做对某人来说
I think / find + it adj fr sb t d sth【adj是形容sth】做对某人来说
I think / find + it adj f sb t d sth【adj是形容sb】做对某人来说
Why nt d sth ? = Why dn't yu d sth 为什么不
Wuld / Will yu please +【nt】V原...
try t d sth 尽力做 ding sth 尝试做【 nt 在非谓语前面】
be late fr schl / wrk 迟到...
start / begin with ...以...为首
I have smething t eat. 【 不定式作后置定语 】
brrw sth frm sb 【借进来】lend sth t sb 【借出去】
can't help t d sth 不能帮助做 can't help ding sth 情不自禁做..
?扩展： can't help but d sth 不得不做
mind【物主代词】ding sth介意做某事
Wuld yu mind my /me pening the windw?
be wrth ding sth 值得做...【be wrthy f ding sth 】
say + 具体内容，speak + 语言，tell 告知，talk 交谈【互动性】
spend n sth / ding / with sb
finish ding sth = cmplete ding sth完成做
（十一）主谓一致
1.主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有with, tgether with, alng with, as well as, like, but, except, besides, n less than, mre than, rather than, including等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。如：
Mike with his father has been t England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。
The students as well as the teacher were present at the meeting. 学生们以及老师都出席了会议。
2由and连接的两个名词作主语，如果是指同一概念（and后没有定冠词）则谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Their teacher and friend is Mr. Li. 他们的老师和朋友是李先生。(老师和朋友指同一个人)
The writer and teacher is cming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人)
3、就近一致的原则
指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。
（1）由r, either…r…, whether ... r ..., neither…nr…, nt nly…but als…, nt…but… 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。如：
Either my wife r I am ging. 要么我妻子去要么我去。
Nt the students but I was wrng. 不是学生错了，而是我错了。
Neither yu, nr I, nr anyne else knws the answer. 你、我、任何人都不知道答案。
（2）there/here be句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。
Here are the bys I am lking fr. 这些就是我正在寻找的男孩。
There is a bk and three pens n the desk. 书桌上有一本书和三支钢笔。
4、表示“时间，距离，金钱，重量，数目，长度”等复数名词、词组作主语时，一般被看做一个整体，谓语动词通常用单数形式。如：Twenty miles is a lng distance. 20英里是一段很长的距离。
Tw mnths is a lng hliday. 两个月是一个长假。
Frty dllars is t expensive fr the bk. 这本书40美元太贵了。
（十二）感叹句
1.What + a / an + adj + 可数单数n. + 主语 + 谓语！→ What a gd by / he is !
2.What + adj + 可数复数n. + 主语 + 谓语！ → What gd advice / it is !
3.Hw + adj / adv + 主语 + 谓语！ → Hw gd / the advice is !【不常见】
4.Hw+ adj + a / an + 可数单数n. + 主语 + 谓语！→ Hw gd a by / he is !
备注：【 主语+谓语 】可以同时省略，同时存在
考点说明：what 和hw的选择【解题技巧：倒推法】
what 中冠词a、an、the 、/、的选择
（十三）宾语从句
(一)宾语从句的三个考点
(二)宾语从句的两个特例
（十四）定语从句
(一)定语从句的结构
在复合句中,修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。英语中的定语从句放在被修饰的名词或代词之后,一般用关系代词或副词来引导。例如:
(1)He is the by. 他是那个男孩。
(2)We want t lk fr the by. 我们想找这个男孩。
我们可以把这两个句子合并:
定语从句
He is the by wh (whm) we want t lk fr .
先行词 关系词
先行词是被修饰的名词或代词。关系词是用来引导定语从句的词,包括关系代词(wh, whm, whse, that, which)和关系副词(where, when, why)。当关系代词作从句的主语时,谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
(二)定语从句的关系词
易混易错
引导定语从句的关系代词有wh、whm、whse、which、that等。当关系代词在从句中作动词的宾语时,关系代词常可以省略。引导定语从句的关系副词有where、when和why。注意what不能引导定语从句。
(三)辨析定语从句的关系词
（十五）状语从句
六．常考情景交际必背15类
一、建议
1. - -What abut ging t that new Italian restaurant ?-Gd idea!
2. -Hw abut the red ne?-I dn't like the clr.
-Why dn't yu jin us? /Why nt jin us?--I'd like t, but I must d my hmewrk first.
4. --Shall we g t the farm t pick peaches this weekend?--That's a gd idea.
5. -What fine weather! Shall we play games in the park, Tm? -Oh, srry, Susan. I'm ding my hmewrk nw.
6. -Yu'd better take an umbrella with yu.- -OK, I will.
7. -Let's g fr a picnic n Saturday , James.-What a pity! I have t d my hmewrk at hme.
8. -l'm ging t take the kids t see the mvie.
-Yu'd better nt. The kids are t yung. That mvie is nt suitable fr them.
二、请求/允许
1. - - -Excuse me, Lucy! May I use yur eraser?-Srry, Bb. l've just lent it t Tm.
2. -Can yu teach me hw t play it?--Yes, with pleasure.
3. -Wuld yu mind putting ut the cigarette?- Srry, I will d it right nw.
4. -Will yu help me cheer her up?Sure. I can make her feel happy.
5. --Culd yu please take ut the trash, Kate?-Sure.
三、邀请
1. - -Wuld yu like t g shpping with me this weekend? -Sure !
2. -Wuld yu like t g skating with us? -Yes, rd lve t.
3. -May L invite yu t dinner? -That wuld be nice. /That is very kind f yu, but I wn’t be free at that time.
4. -Hell, Jeff. Can yu cme t my birthday party n Sunday? -I'm srry, Anna. I have t visit my uncle n Sunday.
四、祝愿/祝贺
1. -I have passed the examinatin!-Cngratulatins!
2. - -Gd luck with yur trip! /Have a gd trip !- -Thank yu!
3. -I will take the exams tmrrw.- Gd luck (t yu)!
4. -Merry Christmas! /Happy New Year! -Thanks. The same t yu.
5. -Have a nice time! /Enjy yurself! /Have fun!- -Thank yu.
6. -I hpe everything ges well fr yu and take care.-Thank yu.
五、致谢
1. - -Yu lk smart tday !
2.--S kind f yu t give me a ride t the bus stp.My pleasure.
3. -It's very kind f yu t help me. Thank yu very much. -Yu are welcme.
4. -Never lse heart! Hpe is always arund yu.- -Thank yu, Miss Liu.
六、问路
1. --Which is the way t the plice ffice?-Turn left at the first crssing.
2. --Hw far is the supermarket frm here? -It's abut twenty minutes walk.
3. -Culd yu tell me hw I can g t Peking University?-G dwn this street and turn left.
4. -Excuse me, culd yu please tell me hw t get t the statin?-Turn left at the secnd crssing.
-Excuse me, is there a pst ffice near here?-Yes, there is ne n the Renmin Rad between the hspital and the bkstre.
日常生活
1. -What are yu ding, Nancy?-l'm cleaning my rm.
2. -D yu have a basketball, Jhn?- -Yes, I d.
3. - Have yu ever been t Disneyland , Tm?- -N, l've never been there.
4. -Excuse me. Culd yu tell me what time it is?- Sure. It's a quarter t nine.
5. -Dad, I'm afraid I can't give a talk in frnt f all my classmates. -Take it easy. I'm with yu all the way.
八、看病就医
1. - -What's wrng? /W hat's the matter with yu?What's yur truble? /Is there anything wrng with yu?
-I've gt a headache. /There is smething wrng with my stmach. /I just fell ff the bike. And I have gt a pain in my arm.
2. - -Hw lng have yu been like this?-Fr a week.
3. -Have yu taken yur temperature?-Yes. It's a little bit higher.
4. Dctr, I have a fever. And I feel very terrible.
-Let me check. There is nthing serius. Take this medicine three times a day and yu will be better sn.
九、打电话
1. -Hell, this is Jack. May I speak t Mary ,please? -Hi, Jack. This is Mary.
2. -Hell! l'd like t speak t Miss King.-Wait a mment, please. /Hld the line ,please. /Hld n, please.
3. -Hell. Is that Mike speaking?-Hi, Amy. This is Mike speaking.
十、计划
1. - -Where are yu ging fr vacatin?-I'm ging t Lndn.
2. D yu have any plans fr yur summer vacatin?-Yes, I plan t g t the Disneyland in HngKng with my parents.
3. -Are yu planning fr yur weekend/ hliday? -Yes.1 am planning t g fr a picnic/g abrad.
十一、兴趣爱好
1. -What's yur hbby, Tm'-Cllecting stamps.
2. -What kind f sprts d yu like best?- My favrite sprt is swimming. And I like walking, t.
3. -My favrite actr Stephen Chw is in it. D yu like him? -N, I dn't. I like Andy Lau best.
十二、购物
1. --Hell. Can I help yu?- Yes, I'm lking fr a cat fr my sn.
2. -Anything I can d fr yu?-I'd like a hat.
3. -What size/ clr d yu want?-I want size L/a green ne.
4. -Can/May I try them/it n, please?-Of curse. Here yu are.
十三、天气
1. -Hw is the weather tday? /What's the weather like tday?-It's rainy.
2. -Have yu listened t the weather reprt? We'd like t climb the muntain tmrrw.
-Yes, it's cludy. 1 think it's suitable fr utdr activities.
3. -What terrible weather! It's raining again! I can't g ut and play basketball.
-Dn't wrry. It is ging t be sunny sn.
十四、工作与职业
1. I want t be a cmputer engineer. -I'm sure yur dream will- cme true.
2. -What des yur father d?-He is a dctr.
3. -What are yu? /What d yu d? -I am a teacher/ dctr/ nurse/ wrker/ painter.
十五、点餐
1. -May I take yur rder, sir?-Yes. I'd like sme nin sup.
2. --What can I d fr yu?-I'd like t rder smething fr lunch.
3. -What wuld yu like t eat?-I'd like a hamburger with chicken.
七．谚语必背10句
1.Actins/facts speaks luder than wrds.事实胜于雄辩
2.Well begun is half dne.好的开端是成功的一半
3.Knwledge is pwer ,time is mney.知识就是力量，时间就是金钱.
4.Easier said than dne.说起容易做起难.
5.Gd helps thse wh help themselves.天助自助者
6.A thusand mile trip begins with ne step.千里之行始于足下
7.An apple a day keeps the dctr away.一天一苹果医生远离我
8. Nthing is impssible t a willing heart./Where there is a will there is a way.有志者,事竟成。
9. The lngest jurney begins with the first step.千里之行,始于足下。
10. 天生我才必有用。 Every man has his price.
八．常考写作话题（11个）
话题写作
1.中国传统文化
假定你是李辉。你的英国笔友Jack 最近想学习中国书法,得知你在课余生活中学习中国书法,于是写信想了解这项中国传统文化带给你的好处。
要点如下:1.修身养性; 2.磨炼意志; 3.拓宽视野。
参考词汇: Chinese calligraphy 中国书法 benefit n.好处
Hw is it ging? I'm glad t knw that yu want t learn Chinese calligraphy. In fact, learning Chinese calligraphy will bring yu a lt f benefits.---中国书法的好处
First f all , it will make yur mind clearer. By writing calligraphy , yu will build a better character. Secnd , it will make yu becme strng and brave. In the face f truble and difficulties in daily life , yu will nt chse t give up. Finally , it can make yur sights wide. Yu will knw mre abut Chinese histry and culture by learning it.---分点描述优点
In a wrd . I think yu made the right decisin. And if yu need help , I'm willing t help yu.---表达感受
你好吗？很高兴知道你想学中国书法。其实，学中国书法会给你带来很多好处 首先，它会让你的思维更加清晰。通过书法练习，你会培养出更好的品格。其次，它会让你变得坚强勇敢。面对日常生活中的困难和挑战，你不会选择放弃。最后，它能开阔你的视野。通过学习，你会对中国历史和文化有更深入的了解。 总之，我认为你做了一个正确的决定。如果你需要帮助的话，我愿意帮助你
2.“环境保护”
一直是近几年重要的课题。我们中学生也应该从身边的小事做起，为美好的环境尽到自己的绵薄之力。请以“Hw t prtect envirnment as a student?”为题写一篇英文演讲稿，简单谈谈环保的重要性，以及你所倡导的环保生活方式，例如：
(1)每天步行上学;
(2)尽量建议父母骑自行车上班；
(3)离开教室时，关灯、风扇、电脑等；
(4)不用水时，记住关水龙头，循环使用水；
(5)不乱扔垃圾；
(6)不使用塑料袋；
(7)不破坏花草树木等。
As we all knw, the envirnment is becming wrse and wrse. It is very imprtant fr us t prtect the envirnment.
Firstly, it is a gd idea fr us t g t schl n ft instead f riding in cars. We shuld try ur best t advise ur parents t ride t wrk. It’s gd fr bth the envirnment and ur health. Secndly, remember t turn ff the lights and cmputers when leaving the classrm. Thirdly, it is imprtant fr us t turn ff the taps when we are nt using them. We can reuse water, t. Fr example, we can reuse the water t wash the tilets.Furthly, try t use the clth bags instead f plastic bags when ging shpping. Lastly, dn’t litter and dn’t hurt the flwers and trees.
I believe ur life will be greener and greener. Let’s take actin.
众所周知，环境正在变得越来越糟。保护环境对我们来说是非常重要的。 首先，我们最好步行上学而不是开车。我们应该尽最大努力劝说父母骑车上下班。这既有利于环境也有利于我们的健康。其次，记得离开教室时关灯和电脑。第三，不使用水龙头时要关掉。我们还可以重复利用水资源。例如，可以用水冲洗厕所。第四，购物时尽量使用布袋而不是塑料袋。最后，不要乱扔垃圾，也不要破坏花草树木。 我相信我们的生活会越来越绿色。让我们采取行动吧。
3.劳动教育(labr educatin)
2020 年，国家印发了《关于全面加强新时代大中小学劳动教育的意见》，提出了把劳动教育(Labr Educatin)纳入中小学国家课程的方案。现在你校校报英语栏目 English Wrld 就开展劳动教育发起征文。请你以“Develping Labr Educatin in Our Schl”为题，写一篇 100词左右的短文参赛。要点如下:
劳动教育的重要性(学习生活技能、养成良好习惯、学会独立并照顾自己);
校内劳动教育活动 (开设实践活动，如植树、种菜、学做家务等);
你的看法。
注意:
1.词数 80-100 词，开头已给出，不计入总数;
2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯;
参考词汇:劳动课 labr curse; 劳动教育 labr educatin
Develping Labr Educatin in Our Schl
It's reprted that Labr Educatin has been included in the educatin f schls in China.
I think it's imprtant. Frm labr educatin,we can nt nly learn sme life skills but als develp gd habits. Mre imprtantly, we can learn hw t be independent and take gd care f urselves. All will help us a lt in the future.(劳动教育的重要性)
Nw let me tell yu smething abut ur activities. Our schl has ffered classes t teach us hw t d the cleaning and grw plants. Our schl can als hld cmpetitins t see wh is the best in making cakes. What's mre, students are allwed t jin sme clubs, such as cking club and paper-cutting club.
I like different kinds f labr activities in ur schl.They make ur schl life mre clrful and meaningful. Thrugh my hard wrk,I have becme mre energetic and strnger than befre.l believe I'm suppsed t d better in the new term.(作者自己的看法)
浅谈我校劳动教育的发展 据报道，劳动教育已纳入我国学校教育。 我认为这很重要。通过劳动教育，我们不仅能学到一些生活技能，还能养成良好的习惯。更重要的是，我们能学会如何独立，如何照顾好自己。这些都会在将来帮助我们很多。现在让我来告诉你我们学校的一些活动。我们学校开设了清洁和种植植物的课程。学校还举办比赛，看谁最擅长做蛋糕。此外，学生还可以加入一些社团，比如烹饪俱乐部和剪纸俱乐部。 我喜欢学校里各种各样的劳动活动，它们使我们的学校生活更加丰富多彩和有意义。通过我的努力，我变得比以前更有活力和更强壮了。我相信在新学期里我会做得更好。
应用文写作
1.演讲稿
即将进入毕业季，你回想起三年的初中生活，有许多感触和不舍。请根据以下提示用英语写一篇毕业演讲稿。内容要点如下：
回首三年，美好画面记忆犹新；
交到了最珍贵的朋友，结识了最可爱的老师；
努力学习各门功课，永不放弃；
分别时刻，踏上新的征程，创造更美好的未来；
参考词汇：lk back n回首 precius adj. 珍贵的 set ut 出发，启程
Hell, everyne. It’s my great hnr t stand here t share my speech.
Thugh it’s time t say gdbye t ur middle schl life, I find I have s many sweet memries in my mind when lking back n the past three years. I had many useful classes and tk part in clrful and meaningful activities. I studied hard at all the lessns and never gave up. Mre luckily, I met the lveliest teachers and the mst precius friends, wh taught and helped me a lt. Thanks t them, I’m able t be a better persn.
We are ging t graduate sn. I strngly believe everyne can create a better future after setting ut n a new jurney.
That’s all, thank yu
大家好，我很荣幸站在这里给大家做演讲。 虽然该告别中学生活了，但回想过去的三年，我心中却充满了甜蜜的回忆。我上过许多有用的课程，参与了丰富多彩且意义深远的活动。我努力学习每一门课，从未放弃。更幸运的是，我遇到了最可爱的老师和最珍贵的朋友，他们给了我很多指导和帮助。多亏了他们，我才能成为更好的自己。 我们即将毕业，我坚信每个人在踏上新的征程后都能创造一个更美好的未来。 就这样，谢谢
2.申请信
本周日上午，一些外国学生将到三苏祠参观，现三苏祠急需招募十名志愿者。假定你是李华，请写一封电子邮件推荐自己。要点包括：
1. 自荐目的：成为志愿者；
2. 个人信息：身份，年龄，性格（外向、善于与人相处），本周日上午有空；
3. 个人优势：擅长英语，……；
4. 表达期望：获得机会并能做好，请本周五前回复。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am glad t see yur ntice Vlunteers Wanted. Sme freign students will visit Sansu Temple this Sunday mrning. I’m willing t be a vlunteer.---点名写信目的，说明信息来源，并陈述自己能胜任.
Let me intrduce myself t yu. I’m a middle schl student aged 15. I’m an utging girl/by wh can always get n well with thers. As fr the time, I will be available this Sunday mrning. I can speak English fluently that I have n difficulty in cmmunicating with freign friends. Mre imprtantly, I knw a lt abut Sansu culture. I’m sure I can help them have a better understanding f it.
I believe I will be suitable fr being a vlunteer if yu give me a chance.[条件状从] Please reply t me by Friday!
尊敬的先生/女士： 看到你们的“招志愿者”通知，我很高兴。这周日早上，一些外国学生将参观三思寺。我愿意做一名志愿者. 让我向你介绍一下自己。我是一名15岁的中学生。我是一个外向的女孩/男孩，总是能和别人相处得很好。至于时间，这周日早上我可以有空。我的英语流利，与外国朋友交流毫无障碍。更重要的是，我对三思文化了解很多。我相信我能帮助他们更好地理解它。 我相信如果你们给我一个机会，我会适合做志愿者的。请在周五之前回复我！
3.建议信
假如你是李华，你的加拿大好友Anna总是容易烦躁或生气。请你根据提示，给她写封信。要点如下：
1. 进行适量的体育运动；
2. 看一些励志的文章；
3. 每天听些轻音乐；
4. 向家长、老师或医生求助；
5. ……
参考词汇：励志的inspiratinal；减少reduce
Dear Anna,
I am srry t knw that yu are having truble in getting bred r angry easily. Hwever, the situatin will be easy t change if yu take my advice. (条件状语从句) Here are sme tips t help yu.
T begin with/Firstly, I think yu need t play sprts that can help yu keep healthy. Fr example, yu can run fr 30 minutes every day. Secndly/In additin, yu can try t read sme inspiratinal articles [which can help yu keep calm]定语从句. Als/What’s mre, yu need t listen t sme light music every day. It usually makes yu keep in peace. There is n dubt that yu can ask yur parents, teachers r dctrs fr help when yu are in truble. Last but nt least, It is gd fr yu t have enugh sleep. Then yu wn’t get angry easily.
I hpe my advice can help yu and yu will get ut f the truble sn.
亲爱的安娜， 很遗憾，我知道你很容易感到无聊或生气。但是，如果你听从我的建议，情况会很容易改变。以下是一些帮助你的建议。 首先，我认为你需要参加一些有助于保持健康的运动。比如，每天可以跑30分钟。其次，你可以尝试阅读一些励志文章[这能帮助你保持冷静]。此外，每天听一些轻音乐也很重要。它通常能让你保持平静。毫无疑问，当你遇到困难时，可以向父母、老师或医生求助。最后但同样重要的是，保证充足的睡眠对你有好处。这样你就不会那么容易生气。 我希望我的建议能对你有所帮助，你很快就能摆脱困境。
4.推荐信
在中国人的心目中，家风是一个非常重要的传承，最近学校英语社团正在进行“模范家庭”评选活动，假如你叫Zhang Peng，请根据下列提示写一封推荐信，推荐你的家庭参评。
要点：
1、家庭成员之间相互尊重，相互关爱；
2、与邻里和睦相处，互相帮助；
3、积极参与公益事业；
4、……
Dear editr,
I’d like t recmmend my family fr “Mdel Family” this year. There are fur peple in my happy family, including my parents, my eld sister and me.
Firstly, all my family members respect each ther and care fr each ther. All f us wrk hard and always vercme new challenges. As a result. Each f us has made great prgress.
What’s mre, we get n well with all ur neighbrs. Whenever peple meet prblems, we try ur best t help them. And we are happy t cmmunicate with ur neighbrs.
Last but nt least, in ur free time, we take an active part in public service activities and d a lt f vluntary wrk.
I hpe we can get the award. I’m lking frward t yur reply.（表达希望自己获奖的心愿）
尊敬的编辑， 今年我想推荐我的家庭为“模范家庭”，我的幸福家庭有四个人，包括我的父母、我的大姐和我。 首先，我的家人彼此尊重、互相照顾。我们大家努力工作，不断克服新的挑战。因此，我们每个人都取得了很大的进步。 更重要的是，我们和所有的邻居相处得很好。每当人们遇到问题时，我们都尽力去帮助他们。而且我们也很乐意和邻居交流。 最后但并非最不重要的是，在我们的空闲时间，我们积极参与公共服务活动和做很多志愿工作。 我希望我们能获得这个奖项。我期待着你的答复。
5.邀请信
“芬芳毕业季，悠悠师生情”，你校九年级近期将举办一场毕业晚会，假定你是学生会主席李华，请写信邀请你校外教Smith前来参加，内容包括：
1. 发出邀请；
2. 时间：5月18日晚上7：00 地点：学校大厅
3. 具体活动安排（至少三项）
参考词汇：学校大厅schl hall 学生会主席 president f the student unin
Dear Smith,
We are ging t have a graduatin party.I’m writing t invite yu t ur graduatin party.
（说明活动信息，并邀请对方）
The party will be at 7: 00 p.m. n May 18th in ur schl hall. We have made a full preparatin fr it. During the party, first f all, we are ging t share ur sweet memries in the past three years with each ther. Secnd, we are expected t talk abut ur dreams abut the future. Then we will give thanks t teachers wh have helped us a lt.[定语从句] We’ll als thank ur classmates fr ur friendship. After that we’ll sing a sng tgether and send presents. Last but nt least, students and teachers will take phts tgether. ---介绍邀请的具体事项
We d hpe yu can cme ur graduatin party.---再次发出邀请
尊敬的史密斯先生： 我们准备举办一个毕业舞会，我写信是想邀请你参加我们的毕业舞会。 聚会将于5月18日晚上7点在学校礼堂举行。我们已经做了充分的准备。聚会期间，首先，我们将分享过去三年的美好回忆。其次，我们期待谈论未来的梦想。然后，我们将感谢给予我们很多帮助的老师。我们还将感谢同学们的友谊。之后，我们将一起唱歌并互赠礼物。最后但同样重要的是，师生将合影留念。---介绍邀请的具体事项 我们希望你能来参加我们的毕业典礼party.
议论文写作
1.观点态度型
最近你班召开了“学生是否应该上网”为主题的班会，同学们就此话题进行了热烈的讨论。
下表为讨论结果，请根据下表写一篇短文，表述讨论结果并阐述你的观点。
Recently, the tpic f whether students shuld surf the Internet is becming mre and mre ppular. There are tw sides f pinins abut it. 68% f the students said that students can surf the Internet. Firstly, we can get all kinds f infrmatin frm the Internet and it is gd fr ur study. Secndly, we can shp, chat and make friends nline.
Hwever, 32 percent f the students are against surfing the Internet. On ne hand, they think nt all the infrmatin n the Internet is true. On the ther hand, students may
lst themselves in nline games.
In my pinin, we shuld make use f the Internet t study in a prper way and get rid f the disadvantages f the Internet.
最近，关于学生是否应该上网的话题越来越受欢迎。对此有两种观点。68%的学生认为学生可以上网。首先，我们可以从互联网获取各种信息，这对我们的学习有好处。其次，我们可以在网上购物、聊天和交友。 但是，有32%的学生反对上网。一方面，他们认为网络上的信息并非都是真实的。另一方面，学生可能 沉迷于网络游戏。 我认为，我们应该利用好网络，正确地学习，克服网络的弊端。
2.说明利弊型
Nwadays, many students like t make friends nline. Abut this different peple have different pinins.---引出论点
On the ne hand, sme peple think it's interesting t talk with friends nline. S yu will never feel lnely when yu are alne. If yu are lucky enugh t make a friend frm English speaking cuntry, yu can imprve yur English greatly. Mrever, it's pretty cl t have several freign friends. But every cin has tw sides. Firstly, nly a few peple have made really gd friends nline. Many peple are cheated by the ＂friends＂. Besides, it is terrible fr students t spend much time making friends and talking nline.---分别阐述优缺点并论证
Sme peple say making friends nline is making truble. I think there is smething in what they say.---自己的观点
如今，许多学生喜欢在网上交友。不同的人有不同的观点. 一方面，有些人觉得在网上和朋友聊天很有趣。这样你独自一人时就不会感到孤独。如果你有幸结识来自英语国家的朋友，可以大大提高你的英语水平。此外，有几个外国朋友也很酷。但凡事都有两面性。首先，只有少数人能在网上找到真正的好朋友。许多人被“朋友”骗了。此外，学生花大量时间在线交朋友和聊天.有些人说在网上交朋友是制造麻烦。我认为他们所说的有一定道理.
3.解决方法型
In recent days, we have t face a prblem: that is many students have bad eating habits. Fr example, sme g t schl withut breakfast; sme like t eat snacks; sme always like t eat the same fd; and still sme eat r drink t much. All these habits are bad fr ur health.
Faced with this, we shuld take a series f effective measures t deal with it. Fr ne thing, we shuld eat all kinds f healthy fds, such as rice, fish, meat, vegetables and fruit. Fr anther thing, we'd better have meals at the right time. Besides, we shuld nt eat t much especially befre we g t bed.
In my pinin, if we have gd eating habits, we will have gd health. And we can study beer.
最近，我们不得不面对一个难题：那就是很多学生有不好的饮食习惯。比如，有些学生上学不吃早餐；有些喜欢吃零食；有些总是喜欢吃同样的食物；还有些学生吃得或喝得太多。所有这些习惯都对我们的健康有害。 面对这种情况，我们应该采取一系列有效的措施来应对。一方面，我们应该吃各种健康的食物，比如米饭、鱼、肉、蔬菜和水果。另一方面，我们最好按时吃饭。此外，我们不应该吃得太多，尤其是在睡觉前。 在我看来，如果我们有良好的饮食习惯，我们就会有健康的身体。我们可以研究啤酒。
一．选择填空解题技巧
考向一 ：考查基本语法知识1.词法 2.时态 3.语态 4.句法
①名词：考查词义辨析，抽象名词辨析，以及名词单复数
②代词：考查不定代词的用法，反身代词的用法（形容词修饰不定代词，放在不定代词之后）
③形容词：考查比较级和最高级及用法（无标志词的，需要理解上下文的含义；形容词修饰名词；ed结尾的形容词修饰人，ing结尾的形容词修饰物等）
④副词：考查副词词义辨析及用法（副词修饰动词）
⑤冠词：不定冠词；定冠词；零冠词(一般两两结合，注意区分）
⑥连词：when/if，until，unless，althugh等等（一定要先翻译，在理解句意的基础上，再结合各个连词的意义及用法做题）
⑦介词：方位介词和介词的基本用法（with带有，具有，与..和...；fr对于；abut关于等等）
⑧动词：考查较多
考点一:三单，时态，主被动
考点二：动词词义辨析
考点三：动词短语辨析：一般考查，不同一动词+同一介词
考点四：非谓语动词（动词的固定用法 t d/V+ ed/ V+ing）
考点五：情态动词的用法
⑨三大句型
考点一: 感叹句（重点区分what和hw）
考点二：宾语从句时态，语序，引导词
考点三：定语从句（wh，that，which）
考向二 单项选择句子理解与词义辨析
考向三 单项选择考查交际用语的应用
解题技巧
1、直接选定法。
即直接利用相关语法知识，通过题干中的已供信息，捕捉到解题线索，从而得出答案的解题方法。如:
1）-What are yu ging t d, Jane? -Oh, my mther asks me ____ sme fd fr supper.
A buy B t buy C buys D buying
【答案】B
【解析】用直选的方法。我们知道句式“ask sb.t d” 所以ask 后面接不定式。直接选出答案B
2) We have wrked fr three hurs. Nw let’s stp ____a rest.
A had B have C t have D having
【答案】C
【解析】用直选的方法。我们知道stp t d “停下来做另一件事” stp ding 停止做某事。根据句意直接选答案C
3) This is a big class and ____ f the students are girls.
A tw third B secnd three C tw thirds D tw three
【答案】C
【解析】用直选的方法。2/3我们知道它的表达形式，故选C
此法主要用于较简单的试题，但必须要求对基本知识点，语法点熟练掌握。
2、关键词暗示法。
题目中的关键词对于快速而准确的判定答案起着至关重要的作用，找到句中的关键词，也就找到了解题的突破口。如:
He has never been t Beijing befre,_ _____?
A has he B hasn’t he C did he D des he
【答案】A
【解析】找到关键词。考查反意疑问句。“前肯后否”“前否后肯”关键词never和完成时态。所以选A
2) We have gt tw TV sets, but _____ wrks well.
A any B bth C neither D either
【答案】C
【解析】找到关键词。But 是转折关系。Neither “两者都不”故符合原意表示转折。
3) It___ ten years since we last ____ in Beijing.
A was, met B has been, met C was, meet D is , meet
【答案】B
【解析】找到关键词since。Since是现在完成时标志性词语。故选现在完成时B
3、类推比较法
如果对题目的备选答案没有十分把握或把握很小，不妨利用“如果A对，那么B也对”的类推法，从
将AB予以否定，如：
1）Wh’s the man at the dr﹖
A． He is a dctr B． He is a friend f mine C． He is a famus singer D． He is twenty
【答案】B
【解析】仔细分析备选答案就可发现：A、C选项针对的是"职业"。若A是对的，那么C也会是对的。D回答的是年龄。故惟有B才是正确的。
前后照应法
解题时，为了透彻理解，要联系上下文，捕捉隐含信息，方能准确找出答案，此方法多用于两个以上句子
或对话形式命题的题目。如：
1) -- He isn’t a teacher， is he﹖ -- He wrks in a hspital．
A． Yes， he is B． N， he isn’t
C． Yes， He isn’t D． N， he is
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查否定句的反意疑问句的回答。由后半句的回答，我们知道"他"的身份不是教师；否定反意疑问句回答中的Yes其实际含义为"不"，N的实际含义为"是"。因此应选择的是B。
逐个排除法
根据题干提供的信息，将干扰答案和错误答案逐个排除，缩小选题范围，然后将剩余的填入空白处进行检查，确定是否正确，如：
1)--The girl asked the teacher ．
A． what des the museum lks like B． what did the museum lk like
C．what the museum lks like D． what the museum lked like
【答案】B
【解析】用排除法。本题主要考查宾语从句中的语序及时态的对应关系。主句动词是过去时，从句的谓语动词也应是过去时的某种时态，故A、C被排除。而B中有词序错误，所以D为正确答案。
2) Remember , bys and girls ，______ yu wrk, _____ result yu will get.
A The better, the harder B The harder, the better C The hard, the better D The harder, the gd
【答案】B
【解析】用排除法.句式“the+比较级，the +比较级”表示“越来。。越”故排除C和D。根据句意排除A故选B。
3) I usually have milk and bread fr supper. -________.
A S have I B S d I C I have t D I d s
【答案】B
【解析】用排除法.这里要用倒装句。故排除CD 又因为have这里不是助动词而是实义动词。故排除A。答案选B。
在做此种类型的要求我们必须了解中西方文化差异，避免受中国传统习俗的影响还用认真审题弄清对话所给的情景。
二．语法选择解题技巧
语法选择常考语法点
1.考冠词：
a/an ： 第一次提到；泛指； 单词读音第一个音为元音时（an）,辅音时（a）；固搭；
the ： 第二次提到；特指； 固定搭配； play the +西洋乐器， the +序数词； /（不填）：固定搭配；play + 球类
2.考数词：
① seven-year-ld; tw-meter-lng; （数词做形容词用法）
② five hundred/thusand/millin/billin （具体数值后面不需要+s）
hundreds f / thusands f/millins f /billins f (表示概数时用f 结构)
3.考名词：
① 主谓一致（名词单复数与后面的动词的形式（三单，原形）保持一致）
② 可数名词与不可数名词的区别，修饰语等 tw cups f cffee/tea
4.考代词：
① many + n 复数 much + 不可数名词
② a number f + n复数 a great amunt f / a great deal f + 不可数名词
③ little/a little/few/a few 否定意义：little + 不可数名词 few + 可数名词复数
肯定意义： a little + 不可数名词 a few + 可数名词复数
④ Other/anther/the ther/thers/the thers
1）ther + 名词复数 anther + 名词单数（表三者或者三者以上 另一个）
2）thers 后面不能加名词 thers = ther + 名词复数
3）ne…. The ther…. 一个…. 另一个…..(两者之间)
sme…. Others…. 一些….. 另一些……
4）ther （无范围）与 the ther （有范围）
thers （无范围）与 the thers （有范围）
⑤ 不定代词smething、everything、anything、nthing + 形容词
⑥ 人称代词 1）主语用主格
2）动词/介词后用宾格；
3）空格后有名词，用形容词性物主代词，没有名词则用名词性物主代词； 名词性物主代词= 形容词性物主代词 + 具体的名词
4）反身代词常考 enjy neself / help yurself / dress neself / teach neself；
5. 考形容词/副词
① -ed是修饰人，-ing是修饰事物
② 形容词修饰名词，副词（一般以ly 结尾）修饰动词，副词修饰形容词
③ 出现than, 用比较级
④ 出现 as…. as 结构，用形容词/副词原级
⑤ ne f + adj最高级+ n 复数
6.考介词
① 时间介词
at: 用于具体时刻、节日前，例如：at 8:00，at Christmas. 固定搭配：at nn, at night
in: 用于世纪、年、季节、月份等不具体的时间前，例如：in 2011
固定搭配：in the mrning/afternn/evening
n: 用于具体的某一天，或具体的早上、下午、晚上; 星期。
n the afternn f May 5th n a cld day， n Mnday/ Tuesday …
fr/since: 后面+一段时间，现在完成时的标志
② 其它介词
with:与...一起，和...；带着...，有...的；以(手段、材料)，用(工具)
withut: 没有。
by + 交通工具
③ 介词+ ding after/befre ding; in ding ; fr ding …
7.考连词
but/hwever：表示转折关系；(but后无逗号； hwever, 后须有逗号)
s/therefre/thus：表示因果关系；
r：或者、否则之意。
and：表示并列关系；
thugh/althugh：表示虽然……但是，不能与but连用。
all：表示全部都，用于三者以上；
nne: 表示没有人，用于三者或三者以上（侧重指人，表否定）
：表示两者都；
：表示两者之一（选择）；
：表示两者中没有一个；
either: 用于句末，表示两者的否定
t: 用于句末，表示两者的肯定
als: 用于句中，表示也
8.考动词：
一看：有无时态标志； 单复数标志；
二看：空格前有无情态动词（情态动词+d）、介词 （介词+Ving）
三看：并列结构；有无and/r （如有则观察and/r前或后的动词形式，答案选项的形式要与其保持一致）
四看：固定搭配，如make/let sb d sth , see sb d/ding sth 等
9.考被动语态
被动语态： be (is/are/am/was/were) + dne（过去分词）
含有情态动词的被动语态： shuld/must/can/culd/may/might……be dne
10. 考定语从句：
跟在名词/代词后面，修饰名词/代词 修饰人：wh 修饰物：which
11. 考宾语从句：
跟在谓语后面 三要素：
① 引导词
② 时态 当主句为一般现在时时，从句可以为任何时态； 当主句为一般过去时时，从句必须用过去时态； 当从句为表示客观事实，真理时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时；
③ 语序：陈序语序
解题方法
方法一:上下文推断法
根据上下文的提示或暗示,体验语境和作者的情感态度,结合语法知识,选出符合场景的最佳选项。
例1 Judie’s class was studying Chinese culture.One day, her teacher went int the classrm 31 sme kites.
B.in C.with D.by
解析:联系上下文可知,她的老师带着风筝走进教室,with 表伴随,故选C。
[总结]语法选择中介词的常见考法:
(1)表示时间: at +时刻,in +世纪/年/月/季节,n +具体一天或具体某一天的早/午/晚,fr +一段时间;
(2)表示方式: by乘坐,用……方式;with 用……;in 使用……(语言或文字);
(3)短语或句型的搭配: with ne’s help,n ne’s wn,It’s+adj.+fr sb.+t d sth.等。
例2 He tld them that kites 32 in China mre than 2,000 years ag.At the end f the class, he said,“The Chinese make kites that mean smething imprtant t them...”
B.inventedC.are inventedD.were invented
解析:由句意可知,风筝是“被发明的”,由tld可知时态是一般过去时,故选D。
[总结]被动语态结构:主语+ be dne(看主谓,注意前后时态)。
方法二:句子成分分析法
分析句子的各个成分,结合语法知识,补充句子所缺的成分。语法选择中常考的句子成分:谓语(表示做动作的词)、宾语(动作的承受者)、定语(修饰性质的词)、状语(时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件等)。
例1 Judie decided t ask her dad fr help as it was 35 first time t make a kite.
“What d yu think f when yu see a kite?” her dad asked.
B.herself C.hers D.she
解析:用形容词性物主代词修饰后面的first time,故选A。
[总结]语法选择中常考的代词:
(1)动词、介词后用人称代词宾格(him/her/them) ;
(2)空格后有名词,用形容词性物主代词(his/her/their);
(3)空格后没有名词,用名词性物主代词(his/hers/theirs) ;
(4)反身代词: enjy/help/dress/teach neself(-selves) ;
(5)不定代词: ther, the ther, anther, thers, the thers 等。
例2 The children hld their bks clse as they say gd-bye and run hme 12 .David and his dnkeys head back, ver and arund the hills, and int the sunset.
B.cheerfulC.cheerfullyD.mre cheerful
解析:作状语,用副词修饰前面的动词run,故选C。
[总结]副词(-ly)用于修饰动词/句子。
方法三:固定搭配
结合上下文并利用动词短语、介词短语、常用句型的固定搭配来直接选择答案。
例1 At the end f the class, he said, “The Chinese make kites that mean smething imprtant t them.I expect each f yu 33 a kite that means smething imprtant t yu…
B.t make C.making D.made
解析:固定搭配: expect sb. t d sth. “期望某人做某事”,故选B。
[总结]语法选择中非谓语动词的常见考法:
(1)介词+ ding, t d(表目的);
(2)接t d的动词(agree, prmise, decide, refuse, advise 等);
(3)接ding的动词或短语(mind, practice, enjy, lk frward t, give up等)。
例2 “Ww!” she cried prudly.
“ 39 high my butterfly flies!”
B.What a C.What an D.Hw
解析:感叹句: Hw +adv.+主语+谓语!,故选D。
[总结]感叹句句型:
(1)What(+a/an) +adj.+n.(+主语+谓语)!
(2)Hw +adj./adv.(+主语+谓语)!
易错点1 如何判断形容词或副词的比较等级
1.Yu will have a 34 understanding f kites than befre.
A.gd B.better C.best D.the best
点拨:本题易错选C。句中有标志词than出现,一般要选比较级。
解析:gd好的(原级);better更好的(比较级);best最好的(最高级);the best最好的(最高级)。根据句中的than befre,可知应用比较级,故选B。结构:“A+谓语动词/系动词+形容词或副词比较级+than+B”表示“A比B更……”。
易错点2 如何区分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词
Judie decided t ask her dad fr help as it was 35 first time t make a kite.
A.her B.herself C.hers D.she
点拨:本题易错选C或D。选代词时,如果空格后面有名词,可判断填形容词性物主代词;如果空格后面没有其他内容,可判断填名词性物主代词。
解析:句意:朱迪决定向她的爸爸求助,因为这是她第一次做风筝。根据空后的名词time,可知此空应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故选A。
（2024广东）
When Peter was six, he started receiving pcket mney frm his mther. When he turned seven, he 1 ￡7 a week. Nw at the age f fifteen, he 2 ￡15 every week. He has the raise in pcket mney because he spends mney wisely.
3 a shpping mall near Peter's hme. At weekends, he watches 4 mvies with his friends, r takes his little brther t the play center there. He buys his grandparents small presents when he visits them. Smetimes, he takes ne 5 bus ride t museums and zs in anther twn. When he has saved enugh mney, Peter ges t the bkstres 6 great bks and dnates them t children in need. His mther is satisfied with 7 he spends his mney. She thinks it is a smart chice t give Peter pcket mney. “This habit 8 help Peter manage mney well,” she says.
Peter's mther even suggests giving pcket mney t children as 9 as when they are fur. “T learn hw t deal with mney is 10 useful life skill. Giving children pcket mney in their early years teaches them the imprtance f budgeting.”
1．A. getsB. gtC. will get
2．A. givesB. is givenC. is giving
3．A. There isB. It isC. They are
4．A. exciteB. excitementC. exciting
5．A. hurB. hursC. hur's
6．A. buyB. t buyC. bught
7．A. hwB. whichC. whether
8．A. needB. mustC. can
9．A. earlyB. earlierC. earliest
10．A. aB. anC. the
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Peter如何明智地使用自己的零花钱。
[答案]·．B2．B3．A4．C5．C6．B7．A8．C9．A10．A
[解析]
1．考查时态。根据本句中的时间状语“When he turned seven”可知，此处用一般过去时，故选B。
2．考查被动语态。分析句子可知，主语he和动词give之间存在被动关系，所以此处应用被动语态（be+dne）, 故选B。
3．考查there be结构。此处表示Peter家附近有一个商场。故选A。
4．考查形容词。空后为名词mvies, 此处需用形容词作定语，故选C。
5．考查名词所有格。空后为名词短语bus ride, 此处应用名词所有格作定语，故选C。
6．考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：当Peter攒够了钱，他就去书店买好书捐给有需要的孩子们。动词不定式在本句中作目的状语，故选B。
7．考查宾语从句连接词。根据句意可知，Peter的妈妈对于Peter花钱的方式,即如何花钱很满意，hw“如何”，故选A。
8．考查情态动词。分析句子可知，这里想表达的是这个习惯可以帮助Peter很好地管理金钱。can“可以”。故选C。
9．考查副词的比较等级。“像……一样……”，中间用形容词或副词的原级，故选A。
10．考查冠词。空后的useful life skill泛指有用的生活技能，skill为单数可数名词，useful的发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a, 故选A。
三．完成句子解题技巧
解题步骤
第一步：先读汉语句子，了解这个句子多要表达的意思。
第二步：跳过空格读一下已给出的那一部分内容，然后再仔细分析一下要求翻译的英语。
第三步：观察一下要求翻译的汉语，然后联想一下相关词汇句型，再考虑语态、时态、词形变化、主语与谓语的一致性问题。
第四步：试填空格。
第五步：将已填好的句子再读一遍，从时态、语态、词形、数的一致等方面检查一下。
命题考向
1.结合句式结构考查单词拼写能力；
2.结合谓语语境考查对英语动词短语的拼写和应用能力；
3.考查有关形容词或借此搭配的能力；
4.考察介词短语；
5.结合非谓语动词考察单词拼写能力。
解题技巧
一．分析词性，确定最终答案。
根据句子结构及语意判断完成句子部分的词性，来提高做题的正确率。
动词短语（时态，语态，人称，非谓语动词形式）
介词短语（介词的固定搭配，注意冠词的有无）
名词短语（单词拼写及单复数变化）
形容词或形容词短语（原级拼写，比较级和最高级的正确形式）
二．检查句子是否正确
确定好答案后，在通读整个句子，注意人称、时态及数的一致性。检查单词拼写，单词拼写无误后填在相应的位置，注意大小写。
例题讲解
一. 结合句法知识考查单词拼写：
1. 暑假何不去度度假？
Why nt_ g n a hliday during the summer hliday?
2. 从你家步行去学校需要多久？
Hw lng des it take yu t walk t schl frm yur hme?
3. 你无法想象那天气有多么糟糕。
Yu can’t imagine hw bad weather is!
二. 结合谓语语境考查单词拼写：
1. 她通常早上六点起床。
She usually gets up at six in the mrning.
2. 我到时他正在看杂志。
He was reading a magazine when I arrived.
3. 他很可能晚来一会。
It is _likely that_ she will be late fr a minute.
三. 结合形容词和介词的固定搭配考查单词拼写：
1. 老年人通常最怕过马路。
Old peple are usually _afraid f_ crssing streets.
2. 躺床上看书对眼睛有害。
Reading in bed is bad fr yur eyes.
3. 西安的绿化率达百分之四十。
Mre than frty percent f Xi’an is _cvered with_ trees and grass.
四. 结合名词和介词的固定搭配考查单词拼写：
1. 学生们放学后常去养老院做义工。
Students ften vlunteer t wrk in a nursing hme _after schl_.
2. 另一方面，孩子们也需要放松。
On the ther hand_, children need t be relaxed.
3. 重要的是身处困境而不失勇气。
It’s imprtant nt t lse curage when in truble.
五.结合非谓语动词考查单词拼写：
1. 我喜欢中国产的商品。
I like gds _made in_ China.
2. 人们都盼着再看这部电影。
Peple are lking frward _t seeing the film_ again.
3. 她捡起了仍在地上的那本书。
She picked up the bk lying n the flr.
六.单纯地考查单词拼写：
1. 他没有说会议什么时候召开。
He did tell me when the meeting will _take place_.
2. 我根本无法辨认出远处的东西。
I can’t _make ut_ what it is in the distance.
3.去叫学生下午把作业交上来。
Tell the pupils t _hand in_ their exercise bks in the afternn
四．完形填空解题技巧
考点分布
完形填空以考查实词为主，即动词、名词、形容词、副词及相关短语为主，难点主要是如何根据上下文的意义关系正确判断所需的用词。
解题技巧
1. 逻辑推理题：注意对文章内容进行逻辑分析、推理判断。理解上下文的内在关联和连贯意义。
2. 词汇复现题：有些答案是会在上下文中重复出现的，关注语境，读懂题意，选出答案。
3. 生活常识题：注意文化背景和生活常识，利用上下文线索,分析句子的关系。
4. 语境推断题：注意对文章发生的背景，所处环境进行分析，进而理解语境，利用上下文线索，找到关键提示词或句子，选出答案。
5. 固定搭配题：注意英语中的固定搭配、习惯用语及短语的运用。
方法一、语境推断
根据上下文的语境提示或暗示，理解事件发生的语境，根据体验语境和作者的情感态度，推断出符合场景的最佳选项。
例1
One sunny mrning, when Zebra (斑马) visited the river fr a cl drink, he heard a tiny vice. “Help me, Zebra!”
Zebra lked arund and fund Wasp (黄蜂) 16 in a spider web in a thrnbush (荆棘丛).
16. A. resting B. playing C. caught D. hidden
【点拨】由上文的“Help me, Zebra!”可知黄蜂在求救，可推断出黄蜂在荆棘丛中被蜘蛛网“抓住了”。故选C。rest“休息”，play“玩耍”，hide“隐藏”。
例2
Carefully, Zebra reached int it, but the thrns 2 him. “Ouch!” Zebra stepped back and was leaving.
2. A. hurt B. hit C. refused D. killed
【点拨】由下文的“Ouch!(惊吓声)”以及“斑马后退一步并准备离开”可推断出，荆棘丛“刺伤”了斑马。故选A。hit“打”，refuse“拒绝”，kill“杀死”。
例3
Wasp was resting in the bushes when she saw Zebra. She als fund Lin hiding quietly ahead. If Zebra gt t clse t Lin…Thinking quickly, Wasp flew dwn and gave Lin a sudden sting. The 8 lin cried. “Raaar!” Zebra heard the lud cry.
8. A. surprised B. excited C. interested D. bred
【点拨】由上文“黄蜂突然叮了狮子”以及下文“狮子大叫”可推断出，狮子对突然的叮咬感到很“惊讶”。故选A。excited“兴奋的”，interested“感兴趣的”，bred“无聊的”。
方法二、词汇复现
词汇复现是指文章中的某一词以原词、同源词、同义词、近义词、反义词、概括词或其他形式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过词汇的复现达到了互相衔接。
例1
“Try t stay ut f truble,” Zebra said. “I might nt be nearby the next time a spider gets 6.” Then he left.
…A mment later, Wasp flew arund Zebra’s head. “Try t stay ut f truble,” Wasp said with a laugh. “I might nt be nearby the next time a lin gets hungry.”
6. A. sleepy B. angry C. thirsty D. hungry
【点拨】文章最后一段中复现了相同的话：Wasp said with a laugh, “I might nt be nearby the next time a lin gets hungry”。由此推断选D，意为：下次蜘蛛饿的时候我可能不在附近。sleepy“昏昏欲睡的”，angry“生气的”，thirsty“口渴的”
例2
All day, Zebra stayed with his family until he nticed his favurite fruit—sme berries!…The surprised lin cried. “Raaar!” Zebra heard the lud cry. In a secnd, he turned arund and ran back t his 9 .
9. A. friend B. family C. river D. fruit
【点拨】由文章倒数第四段可知，斑马一整天和他的家人在一起，在得知狮子的存在后，斑马迅速回到家人那里。故选B。friend“朋友”，river“河流”，fruit“水果”
方法三、逻辑推理
完形填空的各段落之间有着逻辑上的联系，可以通过对故事的线索、文章前后各段之间的逻辑关系、文章前后内容之间的逻辑关系以及人物情感的发展来分析和理解文章，以此推断出正确答案。逻辑关系主要有：并列关系(and…)；转折关系(but, hwever, thugh, yet, therwise, while…)；顺序关系(befre, after, then, finally…)；让步关系(althugh, despite…)；因果关系(s, thus, fr…)；条件关系(if, in case…)；递进关系(mrever, besides, furthermre, what’s mre, in additin t, as well as…)。
例1
Carefully, Zebra reached int it, but the thrns hurt him. “Ouch!” Zebra stepped back and was leaving…
Zebra laughed. “I’m fast and strng. Besides, I have a big family. Why wuld I need help frm a little wasp?”
“Please try ne mre time,” Wasp said. Zebra kncked at the web again. 5, this time it was enugh t free Wasp.
5. A. Sadly B. Suddenly C. Luckily D. Strangely
【点拨】由上文可知，斑马第一次想帮黄蜂的时候，被荆棘刺伤；下文提及，第二次能够解救黄蜂了。由此可推断出空格处表示“幸运地”，故选C。sadly“伤心地”，suddenly“突然地”，strangely“奇怪地”。
方法四、生活常识，常用搭配
将文章的意思和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识以及科普常识等结合起来，进行简单推理，从而得出正确答案。
例1
All day, Zebra stayed with his family until he nticed his favurite fruit—sme berries! The hungry Zebra ran t 7 the berries.
7. A. smell B. taste C. tuch D. watch
【点拨】上文提及这些浆果是斑马最喜欢的水果，结合生活常识可知，饥饿的斑马在看到浆果后，跑过去“品尝”这些浆果。故选B。smell“闻”，tuch“摸”，watch“看”。
1. A. restaurantB. streetC. schlD. ffice
2. A. agreedB. finishedC. waitedD. left
3. A. trustB. lveC. patienceD. cnfidence
4. A. hpeB. adviceC. mneyD. service
5. A. nervuslyB. carefullyC. cldlyD. kindly
6. A. disappintB. hurtC. trubleD. surprise
7. A. nicerB. clerC. clserD. fairer
8. A. saidB. wrkedC. readD. ended
1.线索推导法
①根据上下文推导
完形填空的解题线索往往在上下文中可以找到。如题目1、2、4、6、7。
②逻辑推理
有些题目需要根据上下文逻辑解题，包括并列关系（and, r）、转折关系（but, hwever, yet）、因果关系（because, fr, s, as a result）、让步关系（althugh, thugh）、递进关系（besides, what’s mre, mrever, in additin t）、时间关系（when, befre, after, finally）等。如题3所在句与前一句句式相同，前一句中的unkind 和kindness为反义关系，可以推导出题3所在空与hateful也为反义关系。
③原词复现
完形填空也会考查复现内容，如出现still/als/the same as befre 等词时，则说明前面一定出现过相似的内容。如题5。
2.梳理情感线索法
北京中考完形填空为情感线明显的记叙文，梳理感情线有利于对全文有整体把握；同时找到情感转折点，可以判断转折点前后体现的是正面情绪还是负面情绪，有助于解题。本题中的转折点在于“我想起妈妈提示的be what’s missing”，可以判断前面体现作者的负面情绪，后面为正面情绪。
3.一词多义理解法
完形填空有时考查的是选项的一词多义，需要从单词的多个词义入手，找到其符合上下文内容的词义。如题8选项B“wrked”为正确选项，在此处体现的词义是__C___。
A.做体力（或脑力）工作B.争取；力争
C.奏效；产生预期的结果D.运转；运行
4.理解主旨，概括总结法
完形填空以记叙文为主，以某件事引出某个道理，因此结尾处一般为总结或升华。本文中题8为全文总结，全文讲述了作者使用“be what’s missing”的策略解决问题的经历，因此可以总结为该策略“奏效”了。
5.固定搭配法
完形填空有时考查固定搭配，需要通过识别常见词组并理解其含义来解题。如下题所示，通过作者的朋友Rita“was excited t jump up and dwn, clapping and shuting”的表现可知，作者成功了。结合选项，made it 为固定搭配，意为“（历经艰难） 获得成功”，符合上下文
五．阅读理解解题技巧
掌握中考英语阅读理解题的应试技巧，正确地理解和分析问题，考生应从以下几个方面入手：
（一）细节理解题
细节理解题在阅读理解中所占比重较大，提问的是篇章中的具体信息，主要在B篇、C篇设题，可以使用以下3个技巧破解。
1.直接定位法（题干关键词与原文表述相近）
A. funny B. helpful C. nisy D. difficult
解题步骤：
Step 1 画出题干关键词。
Step 2 回文定位。
Step 3 对比选项。
题干中ne mnth after he jined the band对应原文a mnth later，由此找到文中对应信息，对比选项可知，D正确。
2.题干信息转换法（题干关键词是原文的同义转述）
D yu knw that ver 1/3 f all fd prduced in the wrld ges t waste?Accrding t the United Natins（UN）, every year arund the wrld, abut ne billin（十亿)）tns f fd is wasted. At the same time, there are nearly ne billin peple wh g hungry.Simply 1/4 f the fd wasted is enugh t keep them ut f hunger.In additin, the wasted fd prduces ver three billin tns f carbn dixide （CO2）, which speeds up climate （气候）change. What can we d t slve this fd waste prblem?
问：Accrding t the passage，what is a pssible result f fd waste？
A. The prblem f wrldwide hunger. B. A big increase in fd prductin.
C. The speed-up f climate change. D. A sudden drp in ppulatin.
解题步骤：
Step 1 画出题干关键词。
Step 2 信息转换，回文定位。
题干中的a pssible result f fd waste是原文中the wasted fd prduces...的同义转述，由此
找到题干对应的原文内容。
Step 3 对比选项。
C选项与题干对应的原文内容相符。
3.选项内容转换法（选项是原文的同义转述）
There are millins f recipes (菜谱) hidden in the bxes and hearts f grandmthers and parents. ...
“I realized I culdn’t g hme every weekend fr my mm’s delicius dishes,” says Shreya,wh is abut t enter university. Shreya has recently started fllwing her mther arund the kitchen,taking ntes n hw t make her “masala chai”and tasty kachris.
问：Why des Shreya fllw her mther arund the kitchen?
A. T clean up the kitchen. B. T nte dwn recipes.
C. T prepare family dinners. D. T talk abut family rules.
解题步骤：
Step 1 画出题干关键词。
Step 2 回文定位。
Step 3 对比选项，找与原文意思一致的选项。
B选项nte dwn recipes是原文中taking ntes n hw t make her “masala chai” and tasty kachris的同义转述。
（二）词义猜测题
词义猜测题是中考必考题，常在C篇或D篇之中考查1题。需要考生理解画线生词所在
段落中的主题语境，以及研读画线生词的上下句，从而选出最贴近作者意图的英文释义。
该题型常见的设问方式和解题方法如下所示：
The underlined wrd “...” means __________.
The wrd “...” in paragraph 3 mst prbably means __________.
The underlined wrd/sentence “...” in Paragraph 5 means __________.
What’s the meaning f the underlined wrd?
1.代词指向法
问：The wrd “intuitin” in Paragraph 5 prbably means__________.
A. an ability t understand B. an interesting experience
C. a chance t win D. a fair decisin
解题步骤：
Step 1 定位画线生词位置。
Step 2 若上下文有与画线词相关的代词，如it、such、this、that、the ne等，则找到代词指
代内容来解释画线词。
Step 3 找到与对应原文意思相符的选项。
画线词前面有such（这样的），说明前文出现过画线词所表示的具体内容，即“能看见并
判断病人的状况”，A选项“理解能力”与之意思相符。
2.转折对比法
The transmissin f culture seems t be directly related t what’s in ur bld. Just as snails carry their shell, s d we bring alng ur culture.Hwever, culture is als passed n amng peple f the same times r amng peple belnging t different ppulatins. We can learn hw t make jiazi even if we were brn t Russian parents in Paris just as we can learn hw t speak English even if nne f ur family r friends speaks that
language.
问：The wrd “transmissin” in Paragraph 4 prbably means “ __________ ”.
A. system B. spread C. start D. spirit
解题步骤：
Step 1 定位画线生词位置。
Step 2 若上下文有表示对比、转折的词，如hwever、but、yet、while（然而）、rather than（而不是）、instead f、in fact等，则通过这些词找到与画线词对应的内容，推测画线词词义。
Step 3 找到与对应原文意思相符的选项。
Hwever后面说的是“文化传承的另一种方式”，可以推测前面说的也是“文化传播的方式”，画线词对应passed n，意为“传递”，B选项“流传”与之意思相符。
3.因果关系法
Lk int what the cmpany tells us abut their prduct. It’s easy t say that a prduct is “green” r “all natural”， but the wrds may be t gd t be true.S,much f the infrmatin abut a prduct shuld be taken with a grain f salt. After all,cmpanies try t make us believe that their prducts are envirnmentally respnsible.
问：The wrds “be taken with a grain f salt” in Paragraph 5 prbably mean“__________”.
A. be easily understd B. nt be cmpletely believed
C. be widely spread D. nt be quickly frgtten
解题步骤：
Step 1 定位画线生词位置。
Step 2 若上下文中有表示因果关系的词，如since、as、because、fr、s、thus、as a result、fr this reasn、s that、等，则找出画线生词对应的原因/结果。
Step 3 找到与对应原因/结果意思相近的选项。
画线生词对应的原因是前一句，该句指出“对这些产品的宣传可能好得令人难以置信”，由此可判断其结果是人们不应该完全相信产品信息，B选项正确。
5.解释说明法
Space explratin has triggered advances in science and technlgy which have benefited humans and imprved the quality f life n Earth. These benefits are related t space technlgy such as satellite cmmunicatins, glbal psitining system（GPS）and weather frecasting.The develpment f satellite technlgy, fr instance,makes telecmmunicatins pssible, cnnecting peple frm different parts f the wrld thrugh satellite televisin, phnes, radi and Internet access.
问：The wrds “triggered advances” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean “__________” .
A. led t great prgress B. slwed dwn the speed
C. set back future grwth D. caught up with the develpment
解题步骤：
Step 1 定位画线生词位置。
Step 2 若画线生词后有定语从句、同位语、that is t say或破折号、冒号、引号等标点符号引出的内容，则这些内容是对画线生词的解释说明。
Step 3 找出符合原文对画线生词的解释说明的选项。which引导的定语从句对画线的动宾短语所在的主句进行补充说明，意为“使人类受益并提高在地球上的生活质量”，A选项“带来巨大进步”与之同义。同时，这一整段都是在介绍宇宙探索带来的进步。
5.举例说明法
It’s kay t help thers, but being an echist can smetimes lse yur wn interests. Echists always try their best t priritize thers. Fr example echists might chse t make sure smene else is happy instead f caring abut their wn needs. Remember as lng as it desn’t harm the cllective gd, yu are the mst imprtant persn in yur life, and it’s fair fr yur needs t cme first smetimes.
问：The wrd “priritize” in Paragraph 5 prbably means __________.
A.lk dwn upn B. give first place t
C.catch up with D. depend n
解题步骤：
Step 1 定位画线生词位置。
Step 2 判断画线生词前后是否有fr example、like、such as、as this example suggests或者破折号后举的例子。
Step 3 找出与文中所举的例子相符合的选项。
上文例子指出“回声者可能会选择确保别人快乐，而不是关心自己的需求”，即把他人的需求放前面，因此B选项正确。
（三）主旨大意题
主旨大意题需要考生在阅读并理解全文的基础上，对文章内容或段落内容进行归纳概括，强调整体。该题型常见的设问方式和解题方法如下所示：
标题类：The best title/heading fr the passage/paragraph is...
中心思想类：What’s the passage mainly abut?/What des the passage mainly tell us?
段落概括类：What’s the main idea f the first paragraph?
1.关键词法/主题词法
D yu knw that ver 1/3 f all fd prduced in the wrld ges t waste? Accrding t the United Natins (UN), every year arund the wrld, abut ne billin (十亿) tns f fd is wasted. At the same time, there are nearly ne billin peple wh g hungry. Simply 1/4 f the fd wasted is enugh t keep them ut f hunger. In additin, the wasted fd prduces ver three billin tns f carbn dixide (CO2), which speeds up climate (气候) change. What can we d t slve this fd waste prblem?
One effective slutin is balancing fd prductin with demand (需求). In htels and ther similar places, special instruments shuld be used s that cking specialists just prepare and ck fd as it is rdered.
Anther effective slutin is starting prgrams t reduce (减少) fd waste. Stres and buyers can try their best t be creative in fd waste reductin. Fr example, stres can prvide custmers with instructins telling them hw t make full use f fd. Buyers can try nt fixing their eyes nly n fd f the best quality (质量). Smetimes, the fd f nn-tp quality is als gd enugh t eat, r can be bught and then used t make delicius dishes.
One f the hardest slutins t achieve is fr each and every ne t buy and prepare fd with a plan f their wn s that less fd is wasted. Challenging as it is, the use f meal plans in preparing fd can play an imprtant rle in ending fd waste in the family.
Fd recycling is ne f the knwn slutins. Effrts are nw already in prgress. Fd that is nt safe fr humans t eat is recycled int ther prducts such as animal feeds and clthing. Yet, there is still a lng way t g and much fr imprvement in this area.
In a wrd, fd waste has been ne f the biggest prblems in the wrld that have influenced us greatly. Many slutins have been fund and many mre are yet t be wrked ut. If each f us can put in mre effrts, fd waste is sure t be reduced fr the gd f ur future.
问：What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Benefits f reducing fd waste.
B. Slutins t the fd waste prblem.
C. The imprtance f fighting fd waste.
D. The attitude t the fd waste prblem.
解题步骤：
Step 1 快速阅读全文，画出每段重复出现的关键词/主题词。几乎各段都重复出现的关键词/主题词为fd waste和slutin。
Step 2 对比选项，找出能包含所有关键词/主题词的选项。B选项包含两个关键词/主题词。
2.关键句法/主题句法
All the results prved ur thery（假设） true.But putting it int practice can be difficult. Our fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with gals. We try t get the highest utput bth at wrk and in spare time. This fcus n future utcmes makes it all t easy t miss what is happening right nw. We shuld slw dwn and let life surprise us.
问：What des the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A. It is easier fr results-driven peple t achieve success.
B. We ften turn a blind eye t the present mment.
C. A fast-paced lifestyle helps us reach ur gals.
D. Future life will bring us many mre surprises.
解题步骤：
Step 1 找到段落关键句/主题句（一般位于段首或段尾）。
转折词but位于首句之后，说明该段主题句在后面。
Step 2 对比选项与主题句，找相同内容或同义转述。
B选项的turn a blind eye t the present mment是对主题句中miss what is happening right nw的同义转述。
3.段意组合法/篇章结构法
What des it mean t be green? Green is mre than just a clr. It als means taking special steps t prtect the envirnment. Buying a green prduct is a small step everyne can take. Deciding whether a prduct is green, hwever, isn’t always easy. We need t cnsider the whle life cycle f the prduct even after it’s f n use. Here is what we may keep in mind.
The materials f a prduct are usually ur first fcus (关注). What is it made f? Are there any harmful chemicals in it? Green prducts are made f mre natural materials which are free frm harmful chemicals, s they can be gd fr ur physical health.
Packaging is imprtant. Hw is a prduct packaged? Is it ver packaged? We’d better chse glass, metal and paper packaging, as these can be reused r mre easily recycled (回收利用). We can als lk fr less packaging r even chse unbagged prducts whenever pssible.
Lcatin (地点) matters. Where was a prduct prduced? Where are we buying it? Think abut hw much energy was used t get it t us try t chse lcal prducts. When it cmes t fd, it is a gd idea t rder directly frm lcal farmer, shp at markets and buy fruits in seasn. Buying frm stres near ur huses is als a gd chice, because we can g there withut driving a car.
Lk int what the cmpany tells us abut their prduct. It’s easy t say that a prduct is “green” r “all natural” but the wrds may be t gd t be true. S, much f the infrmatin abut a prduct shuld be taken with a grain f salt. After all, cmpanies try t make us believe that their prducts are envirnmentally respnsible.
The greenest thing is certainly the ne we dn’t buy. Things like fd and clthing are necessary fr life. But many thers are nt. Better than buying is chsing t leave an unnecessary prduct in the stre and ding withut. It sends a message t the prducer, keeps mney in ur pckets, reduces (减少) waste and keeps the planet healthy.
问：Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Buying GreenB. Recycling Waste
C. Keeping HealthyD. Reducing Energy Use
解题步骤：
Step 1 根据每段的主题句来总结段意。
Para.1 每个人都可以通过购买绿色产品来保护环境；
Para.2 关注产品所用的材料是否环保；
Para.3 看产品的包装是否对环境有益；
Para.4 看产品产地和购买地的位置；
Para.5 产品并不一定如宣传的那样环保；
Para.6 最好的环保方式是少买或不买。
Step 2 归纳段落，找出篇章主旨。
本文为总分总结构，第1段引出主题——如何购买绿色产品，第2至5段具体说明做法，第6段总结升华。
Step 3 对比选项，找出与篇章主旨最相近的标题。
根据上述分析，本文讲的是如何绿色购物，A选项符合。
4.标题反推法
There are millins f recipes(菜谱) hidden in the bxes and hearts f grandmther and parents. These family recipes are a special part f ur family histry. Sme f them have been passed dwn frm generatin(一代人) t generatin.
"Thse special tastes can immediately unlck a whle fld f emtins, memries and feelings f family, lve, and cmfrt," says she.
Actually, there are simple ways t keep family recipes, Scrapbks（剪贴薄）are easily fund in the market. Yu can even add phts t recrd every detail f yur memries abut the recipe. With the help f sme ppular apps like Stry Scans, recrding family recipes has never been easier. What is needed is t scan（扫描） the recipes and recrd the stry behind each f them. It can becme the mst meaningful wrk yu have ever dne with and fr yur family.
Keeping family recipes is saving and hnring ur traditin s that future generatins can cntinue t make family ties strnger. Every time yu remember yur lved nes, recreate ne f the dishes frm yur cllectin and let the memries frm the gd ld days cmfrt yu. S why nt gift yur kids a family recipe bk when they are starting a new life?
问：Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Family Recipes: Secrets f Cking
B. Family Recipes Are at a Crssrads
C. Family Recipes: Cnnectins t Interests
D. Family Recipes Are Mre than Just Recipes
解题步骤：
Step 1 先看4个选项的标题，推断每个标题下应写的主要内容。
A项强调烹饪，全文应主要写家庭菜谱对烹饪的作用；
B项强调家庭菜谱面临的挑战，全文应主要写挑战；
C项强调家庭菜谱与兴趣的联系，全文应主要写兴趣；
D项强调家庭菜谱的意义已经超出了菜谱本身的意义，全文应主要写菜谱的更多意义。
Step 2 画出全文关键词句或重复出现的同类内容。
Step 3 将这些内容与之前推测的各标题对应的文章主要内容相比对，选出标题。
通过关键句可知本文主要讲的是家庭菜谱对传承家庭传统，增强家庭纽带的意义，超出了菜谱本身教人做饭的最基本的意义，故D选项正确。
（四）推理判断题
推理判断题要求考生对文本内容或作者的情感、态度、目的做出合理的判断和推理，在C篇、D篇考查频率较高。根据其推断的内容，可分为三类，即细节推断类、写作目的推断类、情景推断类。
1.细节推断类
细节推断类多为推断文章细节或作者观点、态度，其常见设问方式如下所示：
Frm this passage, we can infer/knw/learn that __________.
What can we learn frm the passage?/What d yu knw
The writer prbably agrees that __________.
细节推断题实际考查的是对文章细节的理解，选项中只有1项与原文表述一致，其他3个选项均为对原文的错误表述。该类型题目可以用判断正误法来解。
Anther effective slutin is starting prgrams t reduce（减少）fd waste. Stres and buyers can try their best t be creative in fd waste reductin.Fr example, （C选项对应原文） stres can prvide custmers with instructins telling them hw t make full use f fd. Buyers can try nt fixing their eyes nly n fd f the best quality（质量）. （B选项对应原文）Smetimes, the fd f nn-tp quality is als gd enugh t eat, r can be bught and then used t make delicius dishes.
（D选项对应原文）One f the hardest slutins t achieve is fr each and every ne t buy and prepare fd with a plan f their wn s that less fd is wasted. Challenging as it is, the use f meal plans in preparing fd can play an imprtant rle in ending fd waste in the family.
（A选项对应原文）Fd recycling is ne f the knwn slutins. Effrts are nw already in prgress. Fd that is nt safe fr humans t eat is recycled int ther prducts such as animal feeds and clthing. Yet, there is still a lng way t g and much fr imprvement in this area.
问：What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Fd recycling has been hugely successful.
B. Buyers shuld give up nn-tp quality fd.
C. Stres shuld train peple t make delicius dishes.
D. Meal plans in the family are hard t put int practice.
解题步骤：
Step 1 画出选项关键词，根据关键词找到ABCD四个选项对应的原文内容。
Step 2 比对选项及其对应的原文内容，判断选项正误。
A选项对应的原文提到“食物回收的相关工作已经在进行中”，并没有说已经取得了巨大成功，故A项错误；
B选项对应原文是说“有时非顶级食品也很好吃，也能用来做美食”，而不是说应该放弃，故B项错误；
C选项对应原文是说“商店应该为顾客提供指导，告诉人们如何充分利用食物”，而不是“培训人们做美食”，故C项错误；
D选项对应原文提到“最难以实现的解决方法之一是按计划购买和准备食物”，与该选项意思相符，故D项正确。
2.写作目的推断类
该类题侧重问作者写某句/某段/整个篇章的目的，常见的设问方式有以下几种：
Why des the writer talk
The writer Paragraph 2 t shw that __________.
The writer wants/intends t tell us that __________.
What’s the main purpse f the passage?
写作目的题的选项一般会有以下动词：intrduce（介绍）、suggest（提议）、explain解释）、discuss（讨论）、cmpare（比较）、questin（质疑）、stress 强调）、remind （提醒）、shw （展示）等。常用解题方法如下所示：
1. 语境推断法（适用于推断某句/某段的写作目的）
Over the past century and a half, hwever, studies in the histry f human develpment have shwn that the frmatin f culture is part f the bilgical adaptatin（适应）,fr example,hunting(打猎). It seems t be an adaptatin, which allwed humans t mve int new and different areas, pening up the pprtunity t change living habits.
At the same time, the develpment f weapns（武器） is related t that adaptatin—frm rcks and stnes t a set f hunting tls, and frm hunting tls t rules relating t the prper use f weapns. Hunting als seems t be respnsible fr a whle set f bdily abilities, such as balancing n ne ft. Just think f hw this very simple thing is clsely related t dance, a key expressin f human culture. It is then clear that bilgical develpment and cultural develpment are clsely tied.
问：Why des the writer talk abut . .hunting in Paragraph 3?
A. T suggest sme pssible ways f changing living habits.
B. T stress the imprtance f tls in humans’ struggle fr life.
C. T shw hw culture develps as humans adapt t the envirnment.
D. T explain why there is a need t call fr the prper use f weapns.
解题步骤 ：
Step 1 画出题干关键词，找到对应原文。
Step 2 深入分析对应原文的语境，通过上下文的逻辑关系来判断写作意图。
文中hunting为举例内容，其目的是证实上文所提到的“文化的形成是生物适应的一部分”这一观点。
Step 3 对比选项，选出与对应原文意思最贴近的选项。
C选项的culture develps和humans adapt t the envirnment分别是对原文中the frmatin f culture和bilgical adaptatin的同义转述。A、B、D选项只是对原文部分细节进行复现，并不是该段的写作目的。
2.主旨推断法（适用于推断整篇文章的写作目的）
A Pathway（路径） t Meaning in Life
When it cmes t a meaningful life, we might think f lve, happiness and health. A life filled with meaning is what mst f us want fr urselves. Then, what makes a meaningful life?
Many researchers agree that a meaningful life cmes dwn t three factrs (因素): having lng-term gals,believing that ne’s life matters, and feeling that ne’s life fits tgether and “makes sense”.
But we believe there is mre t cnsider. Smetimes life enables us t experience small mments f beauty. When peple are pen t appreciating (欣赏) such experiences, these mments may imprve hw they see their wn life. We call this experiential appreciatin (EA). EA is abut the persn feeling cnnected t events and being able t appreciate the value within the cnnectin. It shws the discvery f and admiratin fr life’s beauty.
We recently set ut t better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was als tied t general judgment f meaning in life. If s, it culd be a factr fr meaningfulness.
In the first study, we had peple rate (评估) their supprt fr different methds f reducing stress. We fund that peple wh managed stress by fcusing n their appreciatin fr life’s beauty als reprted experiencing life as highly meaningful.
In the next study, we asked peple t rate the degree t which they agreed with varius statements, such as “I appreciate the beauty f life” and “I appreciate little things in life,” as well as ther statements that related t the three factrs and a general sense f meaning in life. Our results shwed that the mre peple reprted that they were “appreciating life” and its many experiences, the mre they felt their life was valuable.
In the fllwing studies, we further lked at the cnnectin between EA and meaningfulness. Fr example, we fund that peple wh were asked t lk back n the mst meaningful event f the past week generally reprted high EA in thse mments.
All the results prved ur thery (假设) true. But putting it int practice can be difficult. Our fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with gals. We try t get the highest utput bth at wrk and in spare time. This fcus n future utcmes makes it all t easy t miss what is happening right nw. We shuld slw dwn and let life surprise us.
问：What is the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A. T explain hw t discver beauty in life.
B. T discuss what the true meaning f life is.
C. T intrduce a new factr fr a meaningful life.
D. T cmpare different factrs fr meaningfulness.
解题步骤：
要理解作者写一篇文章的目的，首先要弄清这篇文章的主旨大意，因为写作目的是围绕主旨大意的。
Step 1 通过主题句法/篇章结构法来分析篇章主旨大意。
Para. 1引出“什么构成有意义的生活”这一话题；
Para. 2许多研究者认为的构成有意义生活的3个因素；
Para. 3提出新观点——体验式欣赏（EA）;
Para. 4~Para. 7不同研究探索体验式欣赏是不是构成有意义生活的一个因素；
Para. 8得出结论并提出如何在实际生活中实践体验式欣赏。
全文主旨大意：体验式欣赏是构成有意义生活的一个新的因素。
Step 2 对比选项，找到涉及文章主旨大意的选项。
由本文主旨大意可知，C项的“介绍有意义的生活的一个新因素”就是本文的写作目的，故C项正确。
3.情景推断类
情景推断题考查对文中重点论述的某个观点/概念/方法的理解，选项一般为不同的生活情景，要求选出符合该观点/概念/方法的情景。常见的设问方式如下所示：
Yu were mst prbably when __________.
Yu will mst prbably yu __________.
Accrding t the writer, we __________.
情景推断题考查的是文中重点论述的观点/概念/方法，原文一般会使用概念解释和示例来加以论述，因此可利用原文中的解释和示例来找出选项中与之相符的情景。
Enjyment is characterized by a sense f curisity, f achievement. Playing a tennis game that imprves ne’s ability is enjyable, as is reading a bk that shws things in a new light, as is having a cnversatin that leads us t express ideas we didn’t knw we had. Nne f these experiences may be especially pleasurable when they are taking place, but when we think back n them afterwards, we wuld say, “That really was fun” and wish they wuld happen again. After an enjyable event we knw that we have changed, and grwn.
问：Yu will mst prbably experience enjyment when yu ______.
A. buy expensive shes
B. rder a delicius meal
C. talk with friends fr new ideas
D. sit quietly in frnt f a televisin
解题步骤：
Step 1 画出题干关键词。
Step 2 使用题干关键词到文中定位，画出对该观点/概念/方法的解释和示例。
原文解释了enjyment的特点，即带有好奇感和成就感，能使人改变和成长；示例包括打网球提升能力、读书开启新视角、交谈中被激发出未曾意识到的想法。
Step 3 比对选项场景和原文中画出的内容，找出正确选项。
C选项与原文中having a we had这一示例一致，且符合enjyment能使人有获得感这一特点。
六．阅读理解七选五解题技巧
一．答题步骤
第一点:答题前应先速读全文，理解文章主旨和文章框架。切忌边看文章边作答。
第二点:作答时应先细读每个选项,注意填的选项与上下文语义是否衔接、逻辑是否连贯。
第三点:每选择一个选项，都要确保其他选项均不能填入该空格处。
第四点:作答完成后，还应再次通读全文,检查填的选项是否正确。
二．解题策略
方法1 分析上下文语境
在做阅读补全题目时,首先要通读全文,根据上下文语境判断设空处想要表达的意思,进而确定答案。
例 D yu ever wish yu had mre time? Everyne gets the same amunt f time each day. But here are ways t use thse hurs better. As a ppular saying says, “Wrk smarter, nt harder.”
The mst imprtant way t manage yur time is t set pririties(优先事项). 1 Als, cnsider whether r nt they are urgent—if they need t be dne right away. It can be easy t frget imprtant tasks that aren't urgent, s make time fr them.
...
A.Think abut the time f day yu wrk best.
B.That way I can make sure I dn't frget anything.
C.Figure ut(弄明白) which f yur tasks is the mst imprtant.
D.Often, managing time means saying n t things that aren’t s imprtant.
E.Meetings als tend t be a waste f time, s avid them whenever pssible.
解题思路 根据该空前面一句可知,管理时间最重要的方法是设定优先事项。优先做的一定要是最
重要的事情,所以本句要与最重要的事情相关,故选C。
方法2 分析逻辑关系
句子之间的逻辑关系包括并列、递进、转折、因果等。可以通过and, then, nt als..., but, hwever, thugh, because, s等词确定。
例 ...
Write dwn what yu need t d and when. I keep tw t-d lists: ne fr the present tasks and ne fr
larger prjects I'm wrking n. 3 And I dn't get discuraged by lking at a lng list f items I
can't finish. I fcus n the shrter list f each day's tasks.
...
(选项同方法1例题)
解题思路 该空后的And表示并列关系,判断该空应该是和后面两句一样讲述有两个待办事项的清单的好处,故选B。
方法3 根据承上启下关系推断
Suppse yu’re in Lndn and trying t find the bus t take yu t Hyde Park. This shuld be easy. But if yu can’t speak the language, it can be a prblem. What will yu d ? 1 Knw the place yu want t g.Yu can always tell thers the name f the place where yu want t g……. Whatever it is, if yu d a little hmewrk t remember its name, yu can ask the way much mre easily.
A. Here is sme advice n hw t ask the way in a freign cuntry.
B. Take a map r a picture.
解析：根据空前的”What will yu d?” 和下文给出的建议可以判断此处应该填一个承上启下的过渡句引出下文，答案：A
What is health? “Health” means eating well, getting enugh exercise, and having a healthy weight. Let’s read the fllwing rules. 1 .Eat different kinds f fds, especially fruit and vegetables. We all knw that eating fruit and vegetables can help us stay healthy, …… Remember that we can nly get the nutritin(营养) we need by eating different kinds f fds, especially fruit and vegetables.
A. They include a lt f sugar.
B. They can help yu keep healthy.
解析：根据空前的句子“Let’s read the fllwing rules.”和后面介绍的一些保持健康的规则，可以推断出这里需要承上启下的句子：“这些规则能帮助保持健康。”答案：B
Yu've been learning wrds since yu were a tiny baby. At first, yu learned them nly by hearing ther peple talk. Nw that yu're a reader, yu have anther way t learn wrds. What shuld yu d when yu cme t a wrd and yu think yu dn't knw what it means？ 1 Say itFirst, sund it ut. Then say it t yurself．…… Smetimes yu knw a wrd in yur head but yu dn't knw what it lks like in print. S if yu match up what yu knw and what yu read ─ yu have the wrd!
A. Yu can find the wrd in a dictinary.
B. Fllwing sme easy steps can help yu.
解析：根据上句“What shuld yu d when yu cme t a wrd and yu think yu dn't knw what it means？” 及下文的小标题“Say it” 可以知道此处是一个承上启下的过渡句。答案：B
方法4 根据并列递进关系推断
Vlunteering allws vlunteers t meet new peple, try ut new skills and explre career chices. 1 Take Andrew Makhul, a student at the University f Pennsylvania, as an example. Andrew didn’t spend his last spring break relaxing. Instead, the 19-year-ld by decided t d smething fr peple wh were less lucky than himself. He travelled t an rphanage(孤儿院) in Guatemala in Central American……. And it depends n vlunteers t stay pen.
A. It is a chance fr pr children t get better care and supprt.
B. Fr yung adults, valuable lessns may als be learned thrugh vlunteering.
解析：根据前一句 “Vlunteering allws vlunteers t meet new peple, try ut new skills and explre career chices.”可以知道，这里是介绍志愿活动的好处。分析选项，B 符合语境，介绍了志愿活动的又一个好处。答案：B
方法5根据转折关系推断
Yu may have already frgtten the days when yu had t learn hw t use chpsticks. Every Chinese kids struggles with them fr sme time. 1 They cme with their wn special rules and traditins.
A. Hw Chinese kids learn t use chpsticks?
B. But chpsticks are nt just simple tls t pick up fd.
解析：根据前一句“Every Chinese kids struggles with them fr sme time.”可以知道每个中国孩子都和他们斗争了一段时间，可以推断出下面的内容是转折，但是筷子不只是拿起食物的简单工具。它们有自己的特殊规则和传统。答案：B
When yu are a teenager, it seems that every time yu say, “I want t……” , yur parents answer, “ N, yu can’t.” Teenagers ften think they shuld be allwed t make their wn decisins, 1 Li Hai, a 15-year-ld by frm Huarng, is a middle schl student. He is ften late fr schl because he stays up t late……. Unless he arrives at schl n time, he will be punished by his teacher.
A. he will argue with his father r mther.
B. but their parents may wrry abut children’s develpment.
解析：根据前面的“I want t……” , yur parents answer, “ N, yu can’t.”可以知道此处是讲青少年和父母之间的矛盾，所以这里用but转折，引出父母。答案：B
方法6 同词复现
Li Enhui said in an interview,“As lng as we are alive, there are n prblems that cannt be slved, and many peple dn't have my experiences. 1 Such an idea makes many adults feel embarrassed.
A.“Pr students” are usually hard-wrking and caring.
B. And these experiences make me grw and becme better.
解析：根据上文的 “my experiences”及上下文语境可知此处所填内容与“我”的经历相关,分析备选项可知B项符合语境。此处为"experience 的复现。答案：B。
Stay clean. N ne likes a bad smell that culd knck smene ver. Shwer every day, brush yur teeth and wash yur hair. 1 Be respectful f peple's differences. 2 And everyne believes in different things. It is a gd thing t have different friends with different pinins because yu can each share yur wn.
A. Starting a new life might make yu excited.
B. Everyne has his r her wn pinin f the wrld.
C. Yu are suppsed t make yurself lk clean and tidy, whatever yu wear.
解析：1.根据本段的小标题“Stay clean.”可以知道这里应该填与保持清洁相关的内容。“clean” 的复现。答案：C
2.根据下文“It is a gd thing t have different friends with different pinins because yu can each share yur wn. ”可以知道这里所填的内容与不同的观点相关。此处为“pinin”复现。答案：B
方法6.根据同畴词推断
As ne f the wrld tp universities, Stanfrd has many subjects that stand amng the tp nes in the wrld. 1 If yu want t study cmputer in a university abrad, maybe it is yur best chice.
A. The tallest building is Stanfrd is Hver Twer.
B. And cmputer science has been the first fr many years.
解析:根据上文“Stanfrd has many subjects that stand amng the tp nes in the wrld.”可知此处所填内容与斯坦福大学的科目相关，分析备选项可知B项符合语境。
另外，我们还可以根据以下六种关系进行推断：近义词、反义词；派生词；解释关系；因果关系；举例；概括总结。
七．阅读表达解题技巧
分析近3年北京中考英语真题可知，回答问题型阅读的话题涉及故事类、介绍类、观点建议类、饮食与健康类、科普知识类、文化风俗类及校园生活类。
解题基本步骤
1. 先看问题，再读文章：把握主题，确定方向，摘取有用的材料，舍弃无关的信息，高效省时。
2. 细读全文，认真推敲：细心阅读与试题有的词汇、句子或段落，要特别留心一些信息词。
3. 复读全文，验证答案：在找到答案后，应将答案带入问题中，检查有无矛盾，若前后不一致或意思矛盾，则要考虑重选答案。
解题技巧
解答阅读表达题,阅读是基础,表达是关键。所以在表达时,首先要注意以下原则:
(1)在答题时,总的原则是:能简略回答,尽量简略回答。
(2)书写要规范。句子开头首字母要大写;标点符号要规范,并且要使用正确;单词拼写要正确无误;单词书写要认真。
(3)做出适当调整。在回答时,同学们应对照题目,根据需要对句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性、主谓搭配等做出适当调整。
其次,审题时要注意两个方面:
(1)看清提问方式。要分清是一般疑问句、选择疑问句还是特殊疑问句。
(2)要辨别问题类型。阅读表达主要分为细节理解题、主旨大意题、信息归纳题以及开放性问答题。考生需判断五道试题属于以上哪类问题,再通过不同的阅读策略高效获取信息,从而得到答案。
一、细节理解题
一般来说，阅读表达的前几道都属于细节题，能从文中直接找到答案，做题步骤如下：
Step 1 画出问题中的关键词——疑问词、人物、事件等重要信息；
Step 2 使用关键词到文中定位，找到对应句，画出来；
Step 3 根据问题疑问词和人称，转换对应句——人称转换；谓语动词调整；句首单词首字
母大写等。
“关键信息定位+转换”法
Wrking Out thrugh Online Vides
Physical exercise is gd fr ur mind, bdy and spirit. Tday, wrking ut thrugh nline vides is becming very ppular.（题1）Since the Internet is widely used, it’s very easy fr us t d s. That means we can wrk ut anytime anywhere.
Which way t wrk ut is becming very ppular tday?

答案：Wrking ut thrugh nline vides.
（问题和对应句都是“主系表”结构，原句的主语对应问题的疑问词组which way，可直接作为回答）
... Anther friend f mine, Michael, tld me that wrkut vides let him feel s cmfrtable.“I have a fear f wrking ut at the gym（健身房）, because I dn’t like being watched by thers（题2 ）. Wrking ut at hme makes wrking ut much mre enjyable,” he said.
2.Why des Michael dislike wrking ut at the gym?

答案：Because he desn’t like being watched by thers.
（问题的疑问词是why，回答应是because引导的句子；问题与原文人称不同，回答需要作相应调整）
“Withut being with smene in persn,yu will be less willing（愿意的）t wrk ut t yur best（题3）. Wrking ut at the gym allws yu t have advice in real time and get pushed harder,” my sister said t me. “Well, if yu really want t have a try, first, chse prper prgrams r vides.That’s very imprtant. And then ask yur friends fr advice. Their experiences can give yu a gd insight int what yu can expect.Anyway, dn’t be addicted（沉迷的） t it. Yu shuld try different ways t wrk ut t be healthy.”
3.What is the prblem f wrking ut withut smene else in persn?

答案：Peple will be less willing t wrk ut t their best.
（原文对应句是直接引语，回答时要进行人称转换）
二、开放性问答题
此类题目是要求考生针对短文中所出现的话题发表个人观点和见解。它没有标准答案,需要考生根据自己的理解和想象答题。但考生的三观要符合主流意识形态,陈述理由时不能脱离原文的背景。
开放性的问题使考生跳出了一定的限制范围,有利于体现创造性思维。考生在平时要多思考生活,关注社会和国内外问题,中考时方可写出具有自己个性、言简意赅且合情合理的句子。
阅读表达的最后一题为开放题，此题共4分：第一问1分；第二问逻辑自洽得2分，句子没有表达错误再得1分。可借助原文信息来解答这种题型，步骤如下：
Step 1 认真审题，画出关键词。
Step 2 表达自己的观点。看清问题是一般疑问句还是特殊疑问句（1分）。
一般疑问句：Wuld yu like yu yu yu ging t...？
（回答Yes/N.）
特殊疑问句：What d yu think ？（回答具体内容）
Step 3 借鉴原文内容，给出理由支撑自己的观点（看清要求写几个理由或字数限制）；逻辑自洽（该理由需支持自己前面给出的观点）（2分）。
Step 4 检查：首字母大写，句式完整性，语法、拼写正确（1分）
借助原文信息法
Wrking Out thrugh Online Vides
Physical exercise is gd fr ur mind, bdy and spirit. Tday, wrking ut thrugh nline vides is becming very ppular. Since the Internet is widely used, it’s very easy fr us t d s.That means we can wrk ut anytime anywhere.（支持Yes答法的内容①）Anther friend f mine, Michael, tld me that wrk ut vides let him feel s cmfrtable. “I have a fear f wrking ut at the gym（健身房）, because I dn’t like being watched by thers. Wrking ut at hme makes wrking ut much mre enjyable（支持Yes答法的内容②）,” he said.
“Withut being with smene in persn, yu will be less willing（愿意的） t wrk ut t yur best. Wrking ut at the gym allws yu t have advice in real time and get pushed harder,”my sister said t me. ...
... Cmpared with ging t the gym, using nline vides t wrk ut is a much cheaper and time-saving chice.（支持Yes答法的内容③）But it can be difficult smetimes when I’m t lazy r t busy t stick t it.（支持N答法的内容③）
1.Wuld yu like t fllw nline vides t wrk ut? Why r why nt? （please give tw reasns）

Yes.①Because it allws me t wrk ut anytime anywhere ②withut being watched by thers at the gym. ③Besides, wrking ut thrugh nline vides is much cheaper and time-saving.
N. ①Because I will be less willing t wrk ut t my best ②and I wn’t get advice in real time r get pushed harder. ③Smetimes I can be t lazy r t busy t stick t it.
2.What d yu think f wrking ut thrugh nline vides? Why? （please give tw reasns）

答案：I think it is（nt） a gd idea.（原因同上）
八．语法填空解题技巧
考法一 给提示词
考生需要根据上下文和句子结构,确定设空处所填词的词性、形式。
考点1 考查动词
1.设空处是谓语动词的,考虑该词的时态和语态。
例1 The ther day, we chatted with my grandmther, and mentined vide
calling ver the Internet. It (invent) fr peple t see each ther while talking nline.
答案 is invented/was invented
解析 第二句中的主语It指代的是前文提到的vide calling,与动词invent是被动关系。
例2 Last week, he (cme)t visit us in Canada.
答案 came
解析 根据Last week可判断时态为一般过去时,主语he与cme之间是主动关系,因此使用cme的过去式came。
2.设空处如果不是谓语动词,就有可能是动词的非谓语形式
例1 Su Yu-shan, the manager f the stre, says the envirnment can help
peple learn t d “sul(灵魂)reading” by (prvide) a private experience with each bk that draws ne’s attentin.
答案 prviding
解析 设空处前为介词by,介词后接动名词形式。
例2 Then I taught him hw t use the Internet and hw (play) chess nline.
答案 t play
解析 hw 与hw t use是并列结构,作谓语动词taught的宾语。
考点2 考查名词
首先确定所给名词是可数名词还是不可数名词。如果是可数名词,还需要确定用单数还是复数形式。
例 Nw he is quite gd at playing chess nline and has made a lt f (friend) n the Internet at the same time.
答案 friends
解析 提示词friend是可数名词,且设空处前出现a lt f,因此使用其复数形式。
考点3 考查形容词
如果设空句出现了提示使用比较等级的关键词或短语时,则需要用提示词的适当形式填空。比如形容词比较级前经常会有much,even,a little,a bit等关键词或短语出现,后会有than出现。
例 My grandfather is much (happy) than befre.
答案 happier
解析 提示词为形容词,设空处前出现关键词much,且空后出现than,因此要使用形容词的比较级形式。
考点4 考查代词
1.考查物主代词。
设空处后出现名词,常考查形容词性物主代词。
解析 题干中lifestyle前使用形容词性物主代词their,注意句首单词首字母大写。
例 The San peple have anther name—“bush peple”. (they) lifestyle is very simple, but they knw mre abut animals and plants than mst peple d.
答案 Their
2.考查人称代词
例 But he was very disappinted when he fund nbdy here culd play chess with (he).
答案 him
解析 提示词为代词,设空处作with的宾语,因此使用人称代词he的宾格。
考查反身代词
例 Nw,she enjys (her) when talking with us every day. She is happy and yu can tell frm the expressin n her face.
答案 herself
解析 enjy neself 过得开心,为固定短语,neself和主语she保持一致,故填herself。
考点5 词性转换
1.动词转换为形容词
例 After changing int the dress and getting my makeup dne, I felt (relax).
答案 relaxed
解析 本句的主语是I,felt后接形容词作表语,因此填形容词relaxed。
2.名词转换为形容词
例 With the help f his father-in-law, a builder, he mved int a (cmfrt) new hme after nly fur mnths.
答案 cmfrtable
解析 提示词是名词,设空处修饰其后的名词hme,因此要将其转化为形容词形式
3.形容词转换为副词
例 The bkstre is almst (cmplete) dark, except fr the shelves f bks.
答案 cmpletely
解析 本句考查副词作状语,修饰形容词dark,表示书店“几乎完全是黑的”,所以填cmpletely。
4.动词转换为名词
例 Su Yu-shan, the (manage) f the stre, says the envirnment can help peple learn t d “sul(灵魂) reading” by prviding a private experience with each bk that draws ne’s attentin.
答案 manager
解析 设空处补充说明Su Yu-shan是书店的经理,且设空处前出现冠词the,冠词the修饰名词,故填manager。
考法二 无提示词
无提示词的一般是填写冠词、介词、连词、副词、作形式主语或宾语的it等。
考点1 考查冠词
填写不定冠词时,注意其后单词若以元音音素开头则使用an,以辅音音素开头则使用a。
例1 The ther day, we chatted with my grandmther, and mentined vide calling ver the Internet. It was invented fr peple t see each ther while talking nline. Then we came up with idea.
解析 设空后为单数可数名词idea, 在本句中表示泛指,前面用不定冠词,idea 以元音音素开头,不定冠词用an。
答案 an
例2 I tk him t cmputer in my rm and said, “Right here.”
答案 the
解析 题干中的in my rm修饰限定cmputer,因此设空处表特指,答案为定冠词。
考点2 考查连词
并列的两个或多个单词、短语或句子之间设空,一般填入的连词有and,but,r,s。
若句子之间为从属关系,则填从属连词。
例 it might nt be fr everyne, Wuguan Bks creates a very different kind f envirnment frm mst bkstres.
答案 Althugh/Thugh/While
解析 由语境可知,逗号前后为让步关系,设空处表示“尽管、即使”。故可填Althugh/Thugh/While。注意句首单词首字母大写。
考点3 考查介词
介词经常出现在固定搭配或者短语中。
例 “Grandpa, smene is waiting yu t play chess,” I went t him and said.
答案 fr
解析 wait fr是固定搭配,意为“等候”。
考点4 考查副词
副词经常在一些固定搭配或者短语中出现,比如:put ff(推迟),turn n(打开),take ff(起飞)等。
例 I climbed f my tent and lked ut at the muntain.
答案 ut
解析 climb ut f从……爬出来。
考点5 考查it的用法
例 is necessary t encurage kids t cme up with new ways t make use f technlgy in schl life.
解析 It在句子中是形式主语,真正的主语是其后的动词不定式短语。“It is+形容词+t d...”是常见表达。
答案 It
（2025·江苏南通·一模）请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺、连贯。
Flying t the mn has been a Chinese dream fr thusands f years. Prfessr Ye Shuhua is ne f the key scientists wh 1 (wrk) at Shanghai Astrnmical Observatry fr nearly half a century. T her, China’s lunar (月球的) prject is 2 (excite) news fr the cuntry’s space industry. “Fr ur astrnmers, the mn is an ideal place 3 (g),” Ye said.
Dreams f 4 (fly) t the mn have deep rts in Chinese culture. Accrding t an ancient stry, Chang’e was a fairy wh 5 (take) a special drink that gave her the ability t fly t the mn. The dream has already cme 6 (truly) fr the US astrnauts. But it will take China at 7 (little) ten years t land astrnauts there.
The prject has develped public understanding f the space prgramme and peple’s knwledge f the mn— 8 (especial) amng the yung peple. A visitr said, “The mn is a satellite f the earth. There are millins f pits (深坑) n its surface.” Anther visitr said, “The mn is beautiful, and it’s the nearest heavenly bdy t the earth. That’s why peple want t land n it.”
Naturally, the children enjy learning abut science. But fr scientists like Ye Shuhua, the lunar prject is nly the 9 (begin).
“Landing n the mn will be a prject fr 10 (tday) yung peple, nt fr me. But I hpe that n the day ur astrnauts land n the mn, I can watch yur news reprts,” Ye said.
【答案】1．has wrked 2．exciting 3．t g 4．flying 5．tk 6．true 7．least 8．especially 9．beginning 10．tday’s
【导语】本文主要讲述了叶叔华教授等科学家与中国探月工程相关的内容。
1．句意：叶树华教授是在上海天文台工作了近半个世纪的重要科学家之一。根据“fr nearly half a century”可知，句子时态要用现在完成时，主语是Prfessr Ye Shuhua，要用“has+过去分词”结构，wrk的过去分词为wrked。故填has wrked。
2．句意：对她来说，中国的月球计划对中国的航天工业来说是一个振奋人心的消息。根据“China’s lunar (月球的) prject is ... news”可知，此处修饰名词news，要用形容词，修饰物要用excite的形容词exciting“令人兴奋的”。故填exciting。
3．句意：叶说：“对我们天文学家来说，月球是一个理想的去处。”a place t d sth.“一个做某事的地方”，固定搭配，要用g的不定式t g。故填t g。
4．句意：飞向月球的梦想深深植根于中国文化。f是介词，后接动名词形式，fly的动名词形式为flying。故填flying。
5．句意：根据一个古老的故事，嫦娥是一位仙女，她喝了一种特殊的饮料，这种饮料赋予了她飞向月球的能力。根据“Chang’e was a fairy ...”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，take的过去式是tk。故填tk。
6．句意：对于美国宇航员来说，这个梦想已经实现了。cme true“实现”，固定搭配，要用truely的形容词形式true。故填true。
7．句意：但中国至少需要十年时间才能将宇航员送到那里。at least“至少”，固定搭配，要用little的最高级形式least。故填least。
8．句意：该项目提高了公众对太空计划的理解和对月球的认识，尤其是在年轻人中。根据“amng the yung peple”可知，此处修饰介词短语，要用especial的副词形式especially“尤其”。故填especially。
9．句意：但对于叶淑华这样的科学家来说，登月计划只是开始。the后接名词，begin的名词形式是beginning。故填beginning。
10．句意：登上月球将是当今年轻人的一个项目，而不是我的。根据“Landing n the mn will be a prject fr ... yung peple”可知，此处表示“当今的年轻人”，要用tday的名词所有格tday’s。故填tday’s。
九．首字母解题技巧
1.理清文章脉络
首字母填空有种“另类完形填空”的感觉。所以在解题技巧上两者有共通之处,先要通读整篇
文章,了解文章主要描述了什么,要表达什么意思,在弄清楚了文章大意和中心思想后,在答题时就能
够大致划定单词的范围。在通读文章的过程中,对于容易确定的答案可先填上。
例1 Here are sme t t help imprve children's wrking memry.
解题思路 下文各个段落是在讲“如何帮助提高孩子们的工作记忆”。所以此处可用ways, suggestins, tips等词。根据首字母t可知,此处填tips。
2.找出提示词
解题时注意段落的首句和尾句,这两个地方会提供不少解题信息。有的短文只有一段,这时要仔细推敲设空处的上下文,找到关键词句,抓住关键信息,可按照文章段落句子的意思,猜测每个空逻辑上符合的词义,并根据首字母的提示,进一步缩小单词可选范围,最终确定答案。
例2 Eating vegetables des nt make us f because they are lw in calries.
解题思路 根据空后“because they are lw in calries”可知,蔬菜是低卡路里的食物,所以不会让人发胖,故填fat。
例3 Yangzhu China Grand Canal Museum is different frm all the ther m which are themed n the Grand Canal in China. Why nt cme and visit it yurself?
解题思路 all the ther后接可数名词复数。根据上文“Yangzhu China Grand Canal Museum is different frm...”可知是把扬州中国大运河博物馆和中国其他的大运河博物馆作比较。故填museums。
3.确定适当形式
仅仅确定了单词可能还不是最终答案,要根据文章实际情况,变换词形。确定了填写某个单词之后,要考虑语法是否正确,是否符合句式结构,能否使得文章变通顺。
动词的填写,要判断所在段落句子的时态,根据不同的情况,动词有原形、过去式、第三人称单数、过去分词等几种形式;名词的填写,要考虑是否可数、名词单复数的变化;形容词的填写,要考虑是否要用比较级或最高级等。这些都是要在最终确定答案前要考虑到的。
例4 This is nt because they are the mst nutritius, but because they are the (71)e t grw.
解题思路 根据空前的“This is nt because they are the mst nutritius”可知,此处也需要填最高级,根据语境、常识和首字母可知,此处表示它们是最容易种植的,故填easiest。
例5 The 25.7-meter-lng, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River sectin is c by many as the “treasure f the museum”.
解题思路 认为……是……。根据主语 River sectin和空格后的by many可
知,此句用被动语态。故填过去分词cnsidered。
（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）
根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。
Cmmunity cnnects us with each ther. A cmmunity is a p 1 where peple live, wrk and play tgether. It’s just like a schl, where s 2 help each ther t learn. Peple in a cmmunity h 3 ne anther, t.
Peple in a cmmunity have different skills. They ften help neighbrs s 4 all kinds f prblems. Fr example, smetimes peple d nt feel well. The d 5 and nurses will make them feel better. There are als sme engineers. They may help peple f 6 their brken bicycles r washing machines. When peple dn’t knw what t wear t a party r hw t design their hmes, the artists will give them sme a 7 .
Sme cllege students wrk as vlunteers in their s 8 time. They ften d sme cleaning fr the ld peple and help students with their h 9 .
Cmmunity is nt a building r an rganizatin. It is like a big f 10 . Members f a cmmunity have a sense f trust, safety and caring fr each ther.
【答案】1．(p)lace 2．(s)tudents 3．(h)elp 4．(s)lve 5．(d)ctrs 6．(f)ix 7．(a)dvice 8．(s)pare 9．(h)mewrk 10．(f)amily
【导语】本文介绍了社区将人们紧密联系在一起，社区的人们互助友爱，就像一个大家庭。
1．句意：社区是人们一起生活、工作和娱乐的地方。根据首字母及“A cmmunity is a…where peple live, wrk and play tgether.”可知，社区是人们生活、工作和娱乐的地方。place“地方”，名词，冠词a后用其单数形式。故填(p)lace。
2．句意：这就像一所学校，学生们互相帮助学习。根据首字母及“It’s just like a schl”可知，社区像一所学校，学生们互相帮助学习。student“学生”，名词，help是动词原形，故名词应用复数形式。故填(s)tudents。
3．句意：社区里的人也会互相帮助。根据首字母及“…help each ther t learn. Peple in a cmmunity…ne anther, t.”可知，此处指社区中的人们互相帮助。help“帮助”，动词。时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用其原形。故填(h)elp。
4．句意：他们经常帮助邻居解决各种各样的问题。根据首字母及“all kinds f prblems”可知，此处指解决问题。slve“解决”，动词。help sb. d sth.“帮助某人做某事”，动词用其原形。故填(s)lve。
5．句意：医生和护士会让他们感觉好些。根据首字母及“Fr example, smetimes peple d nt feel well”可知，人们感到不舒服时，医生和护士会让他们感觉好些。dctr“医生”，可数名词，此处应用其复数形式表泛指。故填(d)ctrs。
6．句意：他们可以帮助人们修理坏了的自行车或洗衣机。根据首字母及“their brken bicycles r washing machines”可知，此处指修理坏了的自行车或洗衣机。fix“修理”，动词。help sb. d sth.“帮助某人做某事”，动词用其原形。故填(f)ix。
7．句意：当人们不知道穿什么去参加聚会或如何设计他们的家时，艺术家会给他们一些建议。根据首字母及“the artists will give them sme…”可知，此处指艺术家会给出建议。advice“建议”，不可数名词，作动词宾语。故填(a)dvice。
8．句意：一些大学生在业余时间做志愿者。根据首字母及“Sme cllege students wrk as vlunteers in their…time.”可知，此处指大学生在业余时间做志愿者。spare“空闲的”，形容词，作定语修饰名词time。故填(s)pare。
9．句意：他们经常为老人打扫卫生，帮助学生做作业。根据首字母及“and help students with their…”可知，此处指大学生会帮助学生们做作业。hmewrk“作业”，不可数名词。故填(h)mewrk。
10．句意：它就像一个大家庭。根据首字母及“It is like a big…”可知，此处指社区就像一个大家庭。family“家庭”，可数名词，被a修饰，用其单数形式。故填(f)amily。
十．选词填空解题技巧
注意：至少有3个单词需要变形，如：名词单数→名词复数；动词原形→过去分词(被动语态);代词(主格)→代词(宾格)
解题顺序：快速浏览全文，以了解文章的体裁和内容→对备选单词进行词性分类→确定空格处应填单词的词性→(若同词性单词有两个及以上)确定空格处应填单词的含义，进而确定所填词→判断所填词是否需要变形
1．确定空格处所填词
语境推断法：根据上下文的语境提示，对比找出最符合语境的单词。
词汇复现法：根据上下文语境，从语篇中找到与空格处表达含义相对应的词汇。
常见的词汇复现形式有原词复现、同根词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现、同畴词复现等。
生活常识法：根据文化背景知识和生活经验，结合语境得出符合生活常识的答案。
固定搭配法：根据上下文语境和固定搭配，选择合适的单词。
逻辑推理法：根据上下文之间的逻辑关系，选择合适的并列连词或从属连词。
2．判断空格处所填词的词性
(1)考虑填入名词
①空格位于动词前且空格前没有其他名词或代词时；
②空格位于动词、介词、形容词、限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、数词等)后，且其后没有其他名词时。
celebrate clse feeling they favrite
write quietly radi because withut
Music has magic. Different kinds f music bring yu different 76. _____． Fr example, rck music makes yu excited while classical music makes yu relaxed.
解析：【位于形容词后(确定填名词)→语境推断法(确定所填词)→different后跟名词复数(确定填名词复数)】根据下文“例如，摇滚乐使你兴奋，而古典音乐使你放松”和备选词可知此空选feeling，又因空格前有形容词different，应填feeling的复数形式。故填feelings。
(2)考虑填入动词
①空格所在句缺少谓语动词时；
②空格位于不定式符号t之后或位于其他动词固定搭配中时。
celebrate clse feeling they favrite
write quietly radi because withut
Yu can als try creating yur wn sngs by yurself. If yur experiences are 82. int the sngs, yur life will be mre fun.
解析：【该句缺少谓语动词(确定填动词)→语境推断法(确定所填词)→被动语态(确定填过去分词)】根据语境可知，空格所在句表示“如果你的经历被写进了歌里，你的生活会更有趣”，且主语yur experiences与谓语动词之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填write的过去分词形式written。
(3)考虑填入形容词
①空格处修饰名词时；
②空格位于副词、系动词后时。
celebrate clse feeling they favrite
write quietly radi because withut
When yu want t relax, start a musical jurney. First, find a quiet place and play yur 83. music.
解析：【修饰名词(确定填形容词)→语境推断法(确定所填词)→无比较对象(确定填形容词原级)】根据空前代词yur和空后名词music可知该空应填形容词；根据语境可知，空格所在句表示“找一个安静的地方，演奏你最喜欢的音乐”。故填favrite。
(4)考虑填入副词
①空格位于句首或句末时；
②空格处修饰动词或形容词时。
celebrate clse feeling they favrite
write quietly radi because withut
Next, sit n a chair r lie in a sfa 84. and cmfrtably.
解析：【修饰动词(确定填副词)→语境推断法(确定所填词)】根据cmfrtably和备选词可知，应填副词quietly，修饰动词sit和lie，表示“安静舒适地坐在椅子上或躺在沙发上”。故填quietly。
(5)考虑填入代词
①空格所在句缺少主语时；
②空格位于动词或介词后作宾语，或位于系动词后作表语时；
③空格后名词缺少定语时。
celebrate clse feeling they favrite
write quietly radi because withut
Yu can enjy music n yur wn r in a grup. Playing music in a grup f peple can help yu get clser t 80. ．
解析：【位于介词后且指人(确定填代词)→作宾语(确定填宾格)】根据语境“在一群人中演奏音乐可以帮助你更接近他们”可知，应填与they相关的代词，且所填单词作t的宾语。故填them。
(6)考虑填入数词：空格位于名词前，且表示数量或顺序时。
prudly see I dr freigner
first shw strng back histry
“My first try was the Tang style. I can’t frget the 80. time I put it n，” said the yung man. “It made me very special, and it is still my favurite ne tday.”
解析：【位于名词前，且表示顺序(确定填序数词)】根据“My first try…”可知，这个年轻人是第一次尝试唐风汉服，因此他难以忘记第一次试穿它时的情景。结合备选词可知，空格处填first。
(7)考虑填入连词：空格位于两个并列成分或两个完整的句子之间，且它们之间没有连接词时。
celebrate clse feeling they favrite
write quietly radi because withut
And music in a film might make yu feel warm 77. it might help yu think f wnderful things.
解析：【连接两个完整的句子(确定填连词)→逻辑推断(确定所填词)】根据上下文可知，后句是前句的原因，考查因果关系。故填because。
(8)考虑填入介词：根据介词的基本用法或者固定搭配填入恰当的介词。
celebrate clse feeling they favrite
write quietly radi because withut
It’s hard t imagine a wrld 78. _____ music.
解析：根据“It’s hard t imagine…”和备选词可知，此句表示“很难想象一个没有音乐的世界”。故填withut。
(2024广东真题)
As summer cmes arund, utdr activities are getting mre and mre ppular. One f 1 is bike riding, r biking. The biking craze（热潮） is nw sweeping thrugh China.
Wang Jing is a student frm Hangzhu. She 2 exercised befre because she didn't like sprts much. But since her hmetwn hsted the Asian Games in 2023, her interest in sprts has 3 a lt. She has realized the benefits f sprts 4 is nw a big fan f biking.
“I feel free and peaceful 5 I ride,” Wang said. “Biking allws me t experience the beauty alng the rad and the wrld seems t slw dwn,” she added. Wang is nly ne f thse wh are deeply in lve with biking. In 6 like Chengdu and Beijing, thusands f peple have started t jin in the biking craze.
Will the craze in China last fr a lng time? The 7 is “Yes.” Thanks t the craze, there have been events like grup rides and bike festivals. These create a sense f cmmunity 8 bikers. They share rad infrmatin, biking experience and smetimes even meals. They are just like a 9 family. As biking has becme a lifestyle, experts 10 that this biking craze will cntinue. They expect a sharp increase in the number f bike riders.
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国兴起的骑自行车热潮。 骑自行车在中国已经成为一种生活方式，骑行的人不仅可以锻炼身体，而且还可以欣赏路边的风景，让生活节奏慢下来。
[答案]1．them2．seldm3．grwn4．and5．whenever
6．cities7．answer8．amng9．big10．believe
[解析]
1．考查人称代词。根据上一句“ activities are getting mre and mre ppular.”和本句“One bike riding, r biking.”可知，这里指代utdr activities ,介词f后跟代词的宾格，故填them。
2．考查副词。根据“because she didn't like sprts much”可知，她不是很喜欢运动，所以以前应该很少锻炼身体，故填seldm。
3．考查动词。此处缺少的是动词，主语为her interest in sprts, 根据语境可知，这里说的是她对运动的兴趣大大增加了。grw增加。由since可知，此处用现在完成时，grw用其过去分词形式，故填grwn。
4．考查连词。空前说她意识到了运动的好处，空后说她现在是骑行的狂热爱好者，空前后为顺承关系， 故填and。
5．考查连词。结合方框中所给词，并分析句子结构和句意可知，此处表示“无论我什么时候骑自行车，我都会感到自由和平静”，该空引导时间状语从句。故填whenever。
6．考查名词。根据空后的“like Chengdu and Beijing”可知，这里说的是类似成都和北京这样的城市，要用复数，故填cities。
7．考查名词。根据空前的问句“Will the craze in China last fr a lng time?”和空后的“Yes.”可知，这里是对前面问题的回答，故填answer。
8．考查介词。空后为名词bikers“骑行者”，空前句意完整，可推知此处缺少介词，构成介宾短语作状语，结合备选词汇可知，应填amng。
9．考查形容词。空后为名词family, 应用形容词修饰，结合语境和备选词汇可知，big符合语境,a big family意为“一个大家庭”，故填big。
10．考查动词。分析句子可知，此处缺少的是主句的谓语动词，根据从句“that this biking craze will cntinue”可知，这里说的是专家们的看法和观点，结合备选词汇可知，believe符合语境。时态为一般现在时，主语experts 为复数，故填believe。
十一．写作模板（7个）
（一）活动规划类模板
第一段：表明活动或计划的目的+过渡句
…will hld a…festival , which aims t… Here are sme details abut this activity / festival that I want t share with yu.
第二段：活动内容（四点）+ 原因、结果（收获）、举例
First f all…Secndly…What's mre…Last but nt least…
原因/目的： in rder t… / s that…
第三段：自身观点、感受+活动的意义
Frm my pint f view,this activity will be interesting / educatinal /meaningful . I will learn a lt knwledge that I can't get frm ur textbks. The activity will nt nly braden my hrizn,but als enrich my life.
深圳科技节
Shenzhen is well-knwn as a city f technlgy and innvatin. Last week, ur schl held a science festival, which aims t develp students’ interest in science and technlgy .Here are the details I want t share with yu.
T begin with, at the festival,sme students tk an active part in the mdel-making cmpetitin. What’s mre, many f their rbts, which were the highlight(亮点) f the festival, drew peple’s attentin. These rbts were in the shape f lvely animals, such as rabbits, mnkeys and dgs. Furthermre, they can d sme simple tasks like sweeping the flr . Besides, sme ther students carried ut science experiments. The students wh were present at the festival (参加节目) were all surprised at the exhibits and gave them a big arund f applause(喝彩)
In a wrd, this festival can nt nly enrich ur life,but als braden ur hrizns. Our schl hpes that mre and mre students can learn science and technlgy better and make cntributins t ur cuntry.
深圳科技节
深圳是科技和创新的代名词，上周我们学校举办了一个科学节，旨在培养学生的科技兴趣。下面是我想和大家分享的一些细节。 首先，在节日期间，一些学生积极参与了模型制作比赛。更重要的是，他们的许多机器人成为了节日的亮点（亮点），吸引了人们的注意。这些机器人的形状是可爱的动物，如兔子、猴子和狗。此外，它们还能完成一些简单的任务，比如扫地。另外，还有一些学生进行了科学实验。出席节日的学生（参加节目）对展出的展品都感到惊讶，并给予了热烈的掌声（喝彩）。 总之，这个节日不仅丰富了我们的生活，而且开阔了我们的视野。我们学校希望更多的学生能更好地学习科技知识，为国家做出贡献。
（二）介绍人物模板
第一段：（总体概述）此人在世界社会上的称谓+过渡句
As we all knw, …is cnsidered as ne f the famus scientists all ver the wrld / … is famus fr his lifelng achievements / the spirit he embdied (表现) . Here are sme details abut …
第二段：描述他的生平
…was brn in (Fujian) Prvince in (September,1937) and died in (1959)
Frm an early age / When he was (yung) / At the age f…
he shwed a / had talent fr… / he shwed great interest in…
During his lifetime, he gt lts f remarkable achievements
第三段：你的观点、启发
Frm my pint f view, he is a great genius in science and I learn a lt frm him. In the future, I will study hard and make cntributins t the sciety.
My her（张桂梅）
Everyne has his wn her , the persn I admire mst is Zhang Guimei, wh is the principal （校长） f Huaping Girls high schl . She was hnred as （被尊称为）" Rle Mdel f the Times（时代楷模） ". Here are sme details abut her .
T begin with, Zhang Guimei was brn in Heilngjiang in June ,1957. In 1990, she started t teach in a middle schl in Yunnan . Over time(随着时间的流逝), she has fund that sme girls drpped ut f schl because f their families believed it was useless fr them t receive advanced educatin . In 2001, she came up with the idea f starting a girls ' middle schl . She believes educatin is extremely imprtant t the girls . She tried her best and never gave up in the face f difficulties （在困难面前）. Seven years later , Zhang set up the first free high schl fr girls in China . In the past thirteen years , Zhang has helped 1,800 girls frm pr families achieve their university dreams .
T sum up , Zhang Guimei devtes herself t (投身于) girls ' educatin. In the future, I will try my best t study hard and make cntributins t the sciety.
我的英雄（张桂梅）
每个人都有自己的英雄，我最敬佩的是张桂梅，她是华坪女子高中的校长（校长），她被授予（被尊称为）“时代楷模”（时代楷模）。下面是一些关于她的细节。 张桂梅于1957年6月出生在黑龙江省。1990年，她开始在云南的一所中学任教。随着时间的推移（随着时间的流逝），她发现有些女孩因为家庭认为接受高等教育对她没有用处而辍学。2001年，她萌生了创办女子中学的想法。她坚信教育对女孩至关重要。面对困难，她始终不放弃（在困难面前）。七年后，张桂梅在中国建立了第一所免费女子高中。在过去的十三年里，她帮助1800名来自贫困家庭的女孩实现了上大学的梦想。 总之，我将致力于（投身于）女孩的教育。今后，我会努力学习，为社会做出贡献。
（三）介绍一本书模板
第一段：引出书名、作者+过渡句
Amng all the bks that I have ever read ,my favrite bk is called … , which was written by… The reasn s why I like this bk are as fllws.
第二段：介绍主要人物、文学特色、内在精神等（+对自己的启发）
main character：play an imprtant rle in…
beautiful languages/descriptin：taste beauty f literature（deeply attract me a lt、take me a magical wrld ）
spirits：brave、cnfident、strng will、face difficulties、vercme the setbacks、 friendship（encurage me t…）
第三段：总结收获（评价）+（读书好处）+希望
relax knwledge enrich braden等 hpe…spare sme time t...
My favrite bk
Amng all the bks that I have ever read, my favrite bk is called Harry Ptter, which was written by a British writer , J.K. Rlling . The reasns why I like this bk are as fllws.
First f all, Harry Ptter is the main character wh plays an imprtant rle in this bk. He is s brave and clever that he dares t fight against strng enemies. Secndly, The friendship between Harry and his friends is valuable in this bk. Henry lve his friends s he always try his best t prtect them. Therefre, we shuld be cnfident and brave s that we can help ur friends when they are in truble. What's mre, there are lts f beautiful language and wnderful descriptins in this bk, which deeply attract me a lt and take me a magical wrld as well as taste the beauty f literature. Last but nt least, the bk als encuraged me t vercme the setbacks I met in my life and teach me t face the difficulties f life bravely.
Frm my pint f view, There is an interesting and educatinal bk frm which I have learnt a lt. It can nt nly enrich my life, but als braden my hrizn. I hpe mre and mre students can spare sme time t read this bk.
我最喜欢的书
在我读过的所有书里，我最喜欢的是英国作家J.K.罗琳写的《哈利波特》。我喜欢这本书的原因如下。 首先，哈利·波特是这本书的主角，在书中扮演着重要角色。他勇敢聪明，敢于对抗强大的敌人。其次，哈利和他的朋友们之间的友谊在这本书中非常珍贵。亨利爱他的朋友，总是尽全力保护他们。因此，我们应该自信勇敢，以便在朋友遇到困难时能够帮助他们。此外，这本书中有许多优美的语言和精彩的描写，深深吸引了我，带我进入了一个神奇的世界，也让我品味到了文学之美。最后但同样重要的是，这本书还鼓励我克服生活中遇到的挫折，教会我勇敢面对生活的挑战。 从我的角度来说，有一本有趣又有教育意义的书，我从中获益良多。它不仅能丰富我的生活，还能开阔我的视野。我希望越来越多的学生能抽出时间来读这本书。
（四）介绍地点模板
第一段：地点位置+简单介绍（有很多名胜）+过渡句
… lies in （the 方位f …）. It is a famus place with many places f interest.（… is a perfect place fr peple t g n hliday and g sightseeing）Here are the reasns why I recmmend yu t visit ….
第二段：著名地点（简单介绍+感受）、地域特色、美食
… may be a must-visit place if yu g t...
if yu want t ... yu can’t miss...
it is a gd chance/ chice fr yu t... because…
I suppse … is the best place fr yu t…
I wuld mst like t recmmend yu t g t… because…
the fd in … is very delicius such as…Yu can try it when yu g there.
第三段：表达邀请
Frm my pint f view, … has smething fr everyne, s why nt visit … sme day? I lk frward t yur arrival.
Shenzhen is calling
Shenzhen lies in the suth f Guangdng Prvince. It is a perfect place fr peple t g n hliday and g sightseeing. Here are the reasns why I recmmend yu t visit Shenzhen.
First f all, WuTng Muntain may be a must-visit place if yu g t Shenzhen because it is as beautiful as a picture. Secndly, if yu want t g shpping, DngMen may be a gd chice fr yu. Yu will see lts f gds and yu can buy sme as suvenirs(纪念品). What’s mre, I wuld mst like t recmmend yu t g t the Shenzhen Mangrve Eclgical Pack because there are many kinds f birds s it is a gd chance fr yu t braden yur hrizn. Besides, yu can g t Shenzhen Bay Park and there is a beautiful sunset here in the evening s yu can take phts and recrd the unfrgettable scenery. Furthermre, I suppse Happy Valley is the best place fr yu t relax yurself and have a gd time with yur friends. Last but nt least, the fd in Shenzhen is very delicius such as Grilled Pigen(光明乳鸽). Yu can try it when yu g there.
Frm my pint f view, Shenzhen has smething fr everyne, s why nt visit Shenzhen sme day? I lk frward t yur arrival.
深圳正在呼唤
深圳位于广东省南部，是人们度假旅游的理想之地。以下是我推荐你来深圳的理由。 首先，如果你去深圳，武通山绝对是一个必访之地，因为它美得如同一幅画。其次，如果你想购物，东门可能是个不错的选择。你会看到许多商品，还可以买一些作为纪念品（纪念品）。此外，我最想推荐你去深圳红树林生态公园，那里有许多种类的鸟，是开阔视野的好机会。另外，你可以去深圳湾公园，傍晚时分这里会有美丽的日落，可以拍照记录下这难忘的风景。再者，我认为欢乐谷是你放松心情、与朋友共度美好时光的最佳场所。最后但同样重要的是，深圳的食物非常美味，比如烤鸽子（光明乳鸽），去的时候一定要尝一尝。 在我看来，深圳是适合所有人的城市，所以为什么不找个时间来深圳看看呢？期待您的到来。
（五）利弊类作文模板
Nwadays, 题干背景 , but different peple hld different pinins abut...
On the ne hand , sme peple hld the pinin that 利的观点（bring us lts f benefit/ cnvenience…) + 原因 (First… Secnd…)
On the ther hand, sme peple hld the ppsite. They strngly believe that 反对的观点 + 原因（Because…Besides…）
Frm my pint f view, 利的观点 （is gd/ necessary…）+ 原因 (nt nly…but als…)
Whether we help strangers r nt
On the ne hand, sme students hld the pinin that we shuld help strangers. First, helping thers is a kind f virtue and we shuld help thse peple wh are in need r in truble. Secnd, helping thers is helping urselves. It can nt nly bring happiness t us, but als send warmth t thers. On the ther hand, sme students hld the ppsite pinin. They strngly believe that we shuldn’t help strangers because it’s easy t be misunderstd.They are afraid t suffer it.
Frm my pint f view, we shuld help strangers. Helping thers can’t nly bring happiness t us,but als develp a sense f respnsibility. Besides, helping thers can spread ur lve and kindness t the wrld
我们是否帮助陌生人
一方面，一些学生认为我们应该帮助陌生人。首先，帮助他人是一种美德，我们应该帮助那些需要帮助或遇到困难的人。其次，帮助他人就是帮助自己。这不仅能带给我们快乐，也能给他人带来温暖。另一方面，有些学生持相反观点。他们坚信不应该帮助陌生人，因为很容易被误解。他们害怕因此受到伤害。 从我的角度来看，我们应该帮助陌生人。帮助别人不仅能给我们带来快乐，还能培养我们的责任感。此外，帮助他人可以将我们的爱与善意传播到世界。
（六）介绍传统节日模板
第一段：回应+过渡句
I'm delighted t knw yu have a burning passin fr the Duble Ninth Festival, Here are sme details abut this festival
第二段：日期+传统+ (美食) +（象征意义）+具体事件
写日期…is a traditinal Chinese festival celebrated n …lunar mnth
… falls n … lunar mnth
历史故事It has a lng histry. It is said that…riginated frm…
在节日内During…/ On the day f…/ On this festival… peple will…
美食peple will eat / sample(品尝)… which made f / is … (such as…)
具体事件…is celebrated with / by ding… share their best wishes
象征意义attach great imprtance t…
It is als a time fr family reunins / It is a gd day fr…t d…
It is believed that … / t d… pray fr gd luck / ward ff evil spirits
第三段：希望对方来到中国共度传统节日
I warmly welcme yu t cme here and experience this wnderful festival. I am lking frward t yur arrival！
中国元素 中国红 Chinese elements
假设你是李华，你的英国朋友 Tny 对“中国红”一词很感兴趣，想了解“中国红”在中国人日常生活中的体现，请你写一封回信帮助他了解
I’m glad t receive yur letter. I'm writing t tell yu hw Chinese peple use Chinese red in their daily life（第一段表明写信的目的或使用过渡句）
As we all knw, Chinese red, which is cnsidered as the symblic clr f China, is extremely ppular with Chinese peple. It usually represents(代表着) happiness, and we believe that it can bring us gd luck. Therefre, peple in ur cuntry attach(赋予) such great imprtance t Chinese red that they use many red bjects in sme imprtant events. Fr instance, in a wedding, yu can see that the bride(新娘) is in a red wedding dress and the wedding rm is decrated(被装饰) with red. What’ s mre, the huses are als filled with red paper cuttings, lanterns and Chinese Knts during the Spring Festival. Furthermre,children will get red pckets fr best wishes as well. Obviusly(显而易见地), Chinese red plays a significant(重要的) rle and enjys the highest ppularity(最受欢迎) in China.If yu want t learn mre abut Chinese traditinal culture , I warmly invite yu t visit China
很高兴收到你的来信，我写这封信是想告诉你中国人在日常生活中是如何使用红色的 众所周知，中国红作为中国的象征色，深受中国人民的喜爱。它通常代表着幸福，我们相信它可以带来好运。因此，我国人民非常重视中国红，在一些重要场合会使用许多红色物品。例如，在婚礼上，可以看到新娘穿着红色婚纱，婚礼现场装饰着红色。此外，春节期间，房屋里也挂满了红色剪纸、灯笼和中国结。孩子们还会收到红色的红包以示祝福。显然，中国红在中国具有重要的地位，并享有最高的人气。如果你想了解更多关于中国传统文化的知识，我热诚邀请你访问中国。
（七）方法建议类模板
第一段：陈述这个事件的重要性+（必要性/问题的现状）+过渡句
As we all knw, …plays an imprtant rle in ur daily life / …is f great imprtance / …is the base f everything. / If we dn't… we will…（ur life will be…）Therefre, here are sme useful ways t d… / It is time / necessary fr us t d…
第二段：连接词+具体做法：（利用提出一种建议的句型）
①…需要我们注意：…is wrth ur attentin / …pay attentin t… / …must draw ur attentin / fix n… / cncentrate n…
②上升主体：the gvernment shuld make sme laws t….
the whle sciety ught t take actin t …/ take the respnsibility fr
第三段：总结+（谚语/再写一遍重要性）+（责任）+我相信…
In a wrd, actins speak luder than wrds. It is ur duty t … I believe that we can make a difference t the wrld if everyne take actin t … frm nw n !
In a wrd, we need t raise the awareness f … and start frm small things. I'm sure that …
The last drp f water will be a teardrp if we d nt save water
It’s better t give than t take./ The rses in her hand, the flavr in mine
… cmes first. As lng as…（keep…in mind） we can…
If we fllw the suggestins abve, we can…
I believe that yu will … in the future life if yu fllw my suggestins
Hw t prtect the envirnment
Nw the envirnment is becming wrse and wrse because peple d a lt f things t destry it. Therefre, it is time fr us t prtect the envirnment. Here are sme useful ways t d it.
First and fremst, we shuld dnate mney t build mre nature reserves(自然保护区) and raise ur awareness f prtecting animals ( because sme peple kill animals t make mney,which destrys the bilgical system(生物系统).) Secndly, ( sme peple ften use plastic bags and thrw rubbish everywhere, it pllutes the envirnment. Thus,) we are suppsed t stp thrwing rubbish everywhere and srt ut rubbish befre thrwing it away. Meanwhile,we shuld use ur wn shpping bags instead f plastic bags when we g shpping in rder t reduce white pllutin. What's mre, (sme) factries ( put dirty water int the rivers and seas. It pllutes the envirnment and drinkable water will be less and less.Therefre, they ) ught t clean water befre putting it int rivers. Last but nt least, ( sme peple destry nature by cutting dwn huge areas f frest, it destrys the hmes f animals that live in ur frest ,s )we shuld stp cutting dwn trees and plant as many trees as pssible
In a wrd, we need t raise the awareness f prtecting the envirnment and start frm small things(从小事做起).. I'm sure that ur envirnment will be mre beautiful and better!
如何保护环境
现在环境越来越差，因为人们做了很多破坏环境的事情。所以，是时候保护环境了。这里有一些有用的方法。 首先，我们应该捐款建设更多的自然保护区（自然保护区），提高保护动物的意识（因为有些人为了赚钱而杀害动物，这破坏了生物系统）其次，（有些人经常使用塑料袋，到处乱扔垃圾，污染环境。因此，）我们应该停止随意丢弃垃圾，并在丢弃前分类垃圾。同时，在购物时应使用自己的购物袋，而不是塑料袋，以减少白色污染。此外，（一些）工厂（将污水排入河流和海洋，污染环境，饮用水会越来越少。因此，他们）应该先净化水再排放到河流中。最后但同样重要的是，（有些人通过砍伐大片森林破坏自然，破坏了生活在森林中的动物的家园，所以）我们应该停止砍伐树木，尽可能多地植树。
热点01 Deepseek助力中国AI
1.（2025·安徽蚌埠·一模）On January 20, 2025, a Chinese tech cmpany named DeepSeek made a new AI called DeepSeek-R1. This smart prgram can 1 math prblems, write cde (代码), and answer questins like tp mdels such as OpenAI’s GPT-4, 2 it csts much less t build. The team spent nly a small amunt f mney and used 2,048 cmputer chips (芯片) fr tw mnths.
DeepSeek-R1 learns by 3 many times and getting better, like hw students practice maths. In a glbal math test, it achieved a 4 result, slightly higher than OpenAI’s mdel. A simple versin (版本) f R1 can even run n lw-cst cmputers, 5 schls and small cmpanies.
DeepSeek-R1 is free t 6 and change. On its first day nline, ver 19,000 prgrammers wrldwide started prjects t study it. A German scientist said that experiments with R1, which cst $10 cmpared t the $300 fr ther AIs, were much 7 .
Experts say China is catching up 8 . A reprt in Nature magazine called R1 a “big step frward”, prving that smart ideas beat tls that 9 t much. As a DeepSeek engineer said, “We want AI t be a 10 which helps peple in need, nt nly a tl.”
With R1, China shws the wrld great things cme frm new ideas and hard wrk.
1．A．repeatB．finishC．slveD．ask
2．A．butB．andC．sD．r
3．A．readingB．watchingC．tryingD．writing
4．A．nrmalB．surprisingC．terribleD．funny
5．A．mvingB．breakingC．findingD．helping
6．A．sellB．shareC．deleteD．use
7．A．cheaperB．slwerC．harderD．safer
8．A．slwlyB．quietlyC．carefullyD．rapidly
9．A．spendB．cstC．wasteD．pay
10．A．prgramB．machineC．friendD．enemy
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．D 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．C
【导语】本文介绍了2025 年1月20日中国DeepSeek公司研发的AI，DeepSee-R1的功能、优势等。
1．句意：这个智能程序能够解决数学问题、编写代码，并且能像OpenAI的GPT-4这样的顶级模型一样回答问题，但其构建成本要低得多。
repeat重复；finish完成；slve解决；ask询问。根据“math prblems”可知，这里是说解决数学问题。故选C。
2．句意：这个智能程序能够解决数学问题、编写代码，并且能像OpenAI的GPT-4这样的顶级模型一样回答问题，但其构建成本要低得多。
but但是；and 和；s所以；r或者。根据“This smart prgram can…it csts much less t build.”可知，前文提到该程序功能强大，后文说成本低，前后是转折关系。故选A。
3．句意：DeepSeek-R1通过多次尝试并不断改进来学习，就像学生练习数学题一样。
reading阅读；watching观看；trying尝试；writing写。由“like hw students practice maths”可知，这里指多次尝试。故选C。
4．句意：在全球数学测试中，它取得了令人惊讶的成绩，略高于OpenAI 的模型。
nrmal正常的；surprising令人惊讶的；terrible糟糕的；funny有趣的。从“slightly higher than OpenAI’s mdel”可知，这个成绩略高于 OpenAI 的模型，故是令人惊讶的。故选B。
5．句意：一个简单版本的R1甚至可以在低成本电脑上运行，帮助学校和小公司。
mving移动；breaking打破；finding找到；helping帮助。根据“run n lw-cst cmputers”可知，一个简单版本的R1甚至可以在低成本电脑上运行，故这里表达的是对学校和小公司有帮助。故选D。
6．句意：DeepSeek-R1可以免费使用和更改。
sell卖；share分享；delete删除；use使用。结合后文“ver 19,000 prgrammers wrldwide started prjects t study it”可知，此处指可以免费使用。故选D。
7．句意：一位德国科学家表示，与其他人工智能 300美元的成本相比，对R1的实验成本为10美元，要便宜得多。
cheaper更便宜；slwer更慢；harder更难；safer更安全。根据“cst $10 cmpared t the $300”可知，通过对比价格，这里是说更便宜。故选 A。
8．句意：专家表示中国正在快速地赶上。
slwly缓慢地；quietly安静地；carefully仔细地；rapidly快速地。结合上文DeepSeek-R1的出色表现，可知此处指快速赶上。故选D。
9．句意：《自然》杂志的一篇报道称R1是“一大步”，证明了巧妙的想法胜过花费过高的工具。
spend花费，主语通常是人；cst花费，主语通常是物；waste浪费；pay支付，主语通常是人。这里主语是“tls”，是物。故选B。
10．句意：我们希望人工智能成为一个朋友，帮助有需要的人，而不仅仅是一个工具。
prgram程序；machine机器；friend朋友；enemy敌人。从“helps peple in need”可知，此处指人工智能可以帮助有需要的人，是希望它像朋友一样。故选C。
2.（2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。
In the fast-changing wrld f technlgy, Liang Wenfeng is a rising star. He funded DeepSeek, an AI cmpany that has made a great difference t the wrld 1 .
Liang Wenfeng was brn in the 1980s in a small twn in Guangdng. Frm a yung age, he shwed great 2 in math and cmputers. He studied hard and gt int Zhejiang University, where he studied cmputer science.
After graduating, Liang Wenfeng started his career in the financial field. He made 3 mney. This made him famus in the investment (投资) wrld. Hwever, he was nt 4 with this success and decided t make a big change.
In 2023, he 5 DeepSeek. He put a lt f effrt and mney int develping advanced AI technlgies. DeepSeek’s gal is t 6 pwerful AI mdels that can cmpete with the best in the wrld. And it has achieved great success. Its AI mdels have 7 language prcessing abilities. They can answer different questins and help with writing cde, which makes them very 8 .
The wide 9 f DeepSeek has made Liang Wenfeng respected in the glbal tech cmmunity. But he is still lw-key. Thugh very successful, he still fcuses n his wrk and 10 making AI gd fr everyne. His stry shws that with hard wrk, talent and curage t take risks, great things can be dne in technlgy.
1．A．greatlyB．wiselyC．highlyD．heavily
2．A．skillB．knwledgeC．imprvementD．talent
3．A．plenty fB．littleC．a littleD．n
4．A．strictB．satisfiedC．familiarD．bred
5．A．set utB．tk upC．set upD．tk ut
6．A．discverB．cpyC．createD．get
7．A．weakB．stupidC．strngD．difficult
8．A．expensiveB．difficultC．cmfrtableD．ppular
9．A．resultB．useC．factD．tl
10．A．reminds fB．dreams fC．hears fD．speaks f
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了梁文锋和他的公司DeepSeek。
1．句意：他创立了DeepSeek，这是一家对世界产生巨大影响的人工智能公司。
greatly很大；wisely明智地；highly高度地；heavily重地。根据“made a great difference t the wrld”可知，是产生了巨大的影响。故选A。
2．句意：从很小的时候起，他就在数学和计算机方面表现出了巨大的天赋。
skill技巧；knwledge知识；imprvement进步；talent天赋。根据“he shwed math and cmputers.”可知，是对数学和计算机有很大的天赋。故选D。
3．句意：他赚了很多钱。
plenty f大量的；little很少的；a little一点；n没有。根据“This made him famus in the investment (投资) wrld”可知，是赚了很多钱。故选A。
4．句意：然而，他对这一成功并不满意，并决定做出重大改变。
strict严格的；satisfied满意的；familiar熟悉的；bred无聊的。根据“decided t make a big change.”可知，是对这一成功并不满意。故选B。
5．句意：2023年，他创立了DeepSeek。
set ut出发；tk up拿起；set up创立；tk ut获得。根据“He funded DeepSeek,”可知，是他创立了DeepSeek。故选C。
6．句意：DeepSeek的目标是创建能够与世界上最好的AI模型竞争的强大AI模型。
discver发现；cpy复制；create创造；get得到。根据“pwerful AI mdels”可知，是创建强大的AI模型。故选C。
7．句意：其AI模型具有强大的语言处理能力。
weak弱的；stupid愚蠢的；strng强大的；difficult困难的。根据“They can answer different questins”可知，是有强大的语言处理能力。故选C。
8．句意：它们可以回答不同的问题并帮助编写代码，这使它们非常受欢迎。
expensive昂贵的；difficult困难的；cmfrtable舒服的；ppular受欢迎的。根据“The wide use f DeepSeek”可知，DeepSeek非常受欢迎。故选D。
9．句意：DeepSeek的广泛使用使梁文锋在全球科技界备受尊敬。
result结果；use应用；fact事实；tl工具。根据“The DeepSeek”可知，是DeepSeek的广泛应用。故选B。
10．句意：虽然非常成功，但他仍然专注于自己的工作，并梦想着让人工智能造福于每个人。
reminds f提醒；dreams f梦想；hears f听说；speaks f谈到。根据“making AI gd fr everyne.”可知，是梦想让人工智能造福于每个人。故选B。
3.（2025·重庆·一模）①Have yu ever felt lst in the cean f nline infrmatin? With billins f webpages created every day, finding right answers can be like searching fr a knife in a sea. This is where DeepSeek, an AI-pwered search app, steps in as yur digital cmpass.
②DeepSeek, develped by a Chinese tech cmpany in 2022, uses advanced deep learning algrithms (算法) as its cre technlgy. Unlike traditinal search tls that based n keywrds, it understands users’ wrds. Fr example, if yu ask, “Hw d plants live at night?” it explains phtsynthesis (光合作用) in simple wrds rather than just listing bilgy websites.
③Anther cre technlgy is based n neural netwrks (神经网络), which study patterns frm mre than 10 billin pints, such as text, images, and vides. This allws it t ffer real-time infrmatin, frm amazing news t new scientific ideas.
④One utstanding feature f DeepSeek is its language ability. DeepSeek supprts mre than 50 languages and can even translate ancient texts. In 2024, it helped archaelgists (考古学家) wrk ut a 1,000-year-ld mystery by cmparing it with wrldwide histrical infrmatin that DeepSeek stres, building bridges between past and present.
⑤Als, DeepSeek helps students learn better. Users say it makes finding infrmatin 30% faster. Its “Knwledge Map” shws cnnectins between tpics with pictures. Fr example, lking up “water cycle”, it cnnects t “cluds,” “ceans,” and “plants” with simple pictures. Think f it like a weather map shwing hw rain travels!
⑥Lking ahead, DeepSeek’s team aims t cmbine virtual reality (VR). Imagine explring the Great Wall thrugh 3D while the AI explains its significance. Such develpment culd rebuild hw we interact with infrmatin.
⑦As technlgy develps, DeepSeek cntinues t change. Its jurney shws humanity’s endless thirsty fr knwledge–nt just t find answers, but t ask better questins. Perhaps the next breakthrugh lies just ahead.
1．What is the main purpse f Paragraph 1?
A．T criticize all the traditinal search engines.B．T intrduce the prblem and shw DeepSeek.
C．T explain hw algrithms wrk in detail.D．T cmpare different kinds f AI technlgies.
2．The underlined phrase “Knwledge Map” in Paragraph 5 mst likely refers t ________.
A．a tl fr drawing gegraphic mapsB．a feature that cnnects related tpics
C．a device used in scientific experimentsD．a methd fr keeping persnal data
3．Which f the fllwing shws the structure f this passage?
A．B．
C．D．
4．What’s the best title f this passage?
A．DeepSeek: The Secret Behind Mdern Search Tls
B．DeepSeek: Yur Smart Guide in the Infrmatin Age
C．Hw Language Learning Helps DeepSeek
D．The Prblems f Traditinal Search Tls
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了DeepSeek帮助人们更智能、高效地获得信息。
1．推理判断题。根据“Have yu ever felt lst in the cean f nline infrmatin? With billins f webpages created every day, finding right answers can be like searching fr a knife in a sea. This is where DeepSeek, an AI-pwered search app, steps in as yur digital cmpass.”可知，第一段先提出在信息海洋中迷失的问题，引出DeepSeek话题，意在介绍问题并展示DeepSeek。故选B。
2．词句猜测题。根据“Its ‘Knwledge Map’ shws cnnectins between tpics with pictures. Fr example, lking up ‘water cycle’, it cnnects t ‘cluds,’ ‘ceans,’ and ‘plants’ with simple pictures.”可知，文中提到“Knwledge Map”能用图片将“water cycle”、“cluds”、“ceans”等相关概念相互连接，因此划线词是指连接相关话题的功能。故选B。
3．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第①段引入DeepSeek话题；第②③段介绍DeepSeek的核心技术；第④⑤段展示DeepSeek的主要功能；第⑥⑦段展望与总结。故选A。
4．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了DeepSeek如何帮助人们更智能、高效地获得信息，因此选项B“DeepSeek：信息时代的智能向导”最符合文章主题。故选B。
4.（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）A Chinese tech cmpany named DeepSeek made a new AI n January 20, 2025. It is called DeepSeek-R1. This smart prgram (程序) can slve math prblems, write cde and answer questins, but it csts much less t build. The team spent nly $5.58 millin and used 2,048 cmputer chips fr tw mnths. This shws that gd ideas can beat big mney.
DeepSeek-R1 learns by trying many times and imprving by itself. Hwever, ther AIs need lts f prepared examples. DeepSeek-R1 is free t use and change. On its first day nline, ver 19,000 prgrammers wrldwide started prjects t study it. A German scientist said experiments with R1 cst $10 instead f $300 with ther AIs.
Experts say China is catching up fast. A reprt called R1 a “big step frward”, prving that smart ideas beat expensive tls. As a DeepSeek engineer said, “We want AI t be a friend, nt smething nly rich peple can use.” With R1, China shws the wrld that great things cme frm new ideas and hard wrk, nt just mney.
根据上面短文内容回答下列问题。
1．When was DeepSeek-R1 created? (词数不超过5个词)

2．Hw des DeepSeek-R1 learn differently frm ther AI mdels? (词数不超过10个词)

3．Will yu use DeepSeek? Why r why nt? (词数不超过12个词)

【答案】1．On January 20, 2025. 2．By trying many times and imprving by itself. 3．Yes, because it is free and efficient.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国科技公司深度求索开发的AI模型DeepSeek-R1的特点及其创新之处。
1．根据文章第1段“A Chinese tech cmpany named DeepSeek made a new AI n January 20, 2025”可知，DeepSeek-R1于2025年1月20日被开发出来。故填On January 20, 2025.
2．根据文章第2段“DeepSeek-R1 learns by trying many times and imprving by itself”可知，DeepSeek-R1通过不断尝试和自我改进来学习。故填By trying many times and imprving by itself.
3．此题为开放性题目，答案因人而异。故填Yes, because it is free and efficient.
5.（2025·四川成都·一模）你校将举办一场英语演讲比赛，主题是“人工智能对未来生活的影响”。请你以DeepSeek在全球引发热议为切入点，写一篇演讲稿。
内容包括：
1. DeepSeek的基本信息 (如它是什么，主要特点和在人工智能领域的影响力)；
2. 它可能如何改变人们的生活 (至少举2例说明)；
3. 你对DeepSeek未来发展的看法。
参考词汇：人工智能模型Artificial intelligence mdel (AI mdel)
推理能力Reasning ability
生成文本generate texts
分析数据analyze data
Dear students,
Gd mrning! I am Li Hua. I’m highly hnured t stand here and give a speech.
As we all knw, DeepSeek has becme a glbal sensatin in the AI field.…
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dear students,
Gd mrning! I am Li Hua. I’m highly hnured t stand here and give a speech.
As we all knw, DeepSeek has becme a glbal sensatin in the AI field.
It’s an Artificial Intelligence mdel (AI mdel) with strng reasning ability, able t generate texts and analyze data like a human brain! Since its launch, it’s been used by teachers t plan lessns, dctrs t study diseases, and even students t slve math prblems.
Hw will it change ur lives? Schl culd be mre fun: If yu’re stuck n English grammar, DeepSeek culd explain it with cartns. Fr example, it might say, “Verbs are like actin heres in sentences!” Healthcare culd get faster: In a small twn, DeepSeek culd help dctrs check X-rays and find prblems early, even if there’s n big hspital nearby.
In the future, DeepSeek might write stries, fix brken cmputers, r even help design huses. But we must make sure it’s fair and prtects ur privacy. If we use it wisely, AI like DeepSeek can help us fight climate change and build a better wrld.
Let’s welcme this smart helper—but always remember t use ur wn creativity!
Thank yu!
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇英语演讲稿；
② 时态：主要为“一般现在时”和 “一般将来时”；
③ 提示：涵盖题目要求的所有要点：DeepSeek的定义、特点、影响力；对生活的改变举例；未来看法，并通过具体场景和呼吁增强说服力。
[写作步骤]
第一步，以问候和自我介绍开场，点明演讲主题；
第二步，介绍DeepSeek的身份、核心能力及应用领域。
第三步，分点举例，结合学生熟悉的场景降低理解难度。
第四步，肯定DeepSeek的潜力，同时强调责任。结尾升华主题。
[亮点词汇]
①glbal sensatin全球轰动
②reasning ability推理能力
③generate texts生成文本
④analyze data分析数据
⑤fight climate change应对气候变化
[高分句型]
①“It’s an Artificial Intelligence mdel (AI mdel) with strng reasning ability, able t generate texts and analyze data like a human brain!” (with 结构作后置定语)
②“If yu’re stuck n English grammar, DeepSeek culd explain it with cartns.” (if引导的条件状语从句)
热点02 从《哪吒2：魔童闹海》看中国文化
1.（2025·安徽合肥·模拟）Ne Zha 2: The Devil Child Cmes t the Sea is nw the N.1 mvie in China. It makes mre mney than The Battle at Lake Changjin. The stry fllws Ne Zha, the little her. In this mvie, Ne Zha has new and 1 prblems. Bad peple say Ne Zha des bad things. He has t shw he is gd and save his hme at the 2 time. Ne Zha is brave. He never gives up, n matter hw hard things get. His strng 3 makes peple wh watch the mvie like him a lt.
The pictures in the mvie are very 4 . The clrs are bright, and the wrld in the mvie lks real. We can see big and beautiful palaces under the sea. The fight scenes are really 5 .
Each picture in the mvie is like a beautiful pht. Als, the peple in Ne Zha 2 are great. Ne Zha’s friends and family help him. 6 shw us hw imprtant friendship and family are.
The mvie nt nly has an exciting plt (情节) but als the 7 f Ne Zha is very lively. He always shws his lvely side 8 in the face f difficulties. Besides, the music in the mvie matches (匹配) 9 with the scenes, making the mvie mre attractive. Peple f all ages like this mvie. It’s fun t watch, and it als tells us gd things. It shws that if we are 10 , we can beat any prblem. Mre and mre peple are ging t the cinema t see Ne Zha 2, and it’s a ppular talk amng mvie fans.
1．A．easyB．hardC．funnyD．cmmn
2．A．sameB．differentC．therD．next
3．A．bdyB．mindC．handD．lk
4．A．bringB．clC．uglyD．friendly
5．A．excitingB．scaryC．tiringD．crazy
6．A．WeB．TheyC．HeD．She
7．A．actinB．stryC．characterD．life
8．A．evenB．alsC．nlyD．early
9．A．gdB．wellC．badD．badly
10．A．lazyB．braveC．shyD．weak
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了电影《哪吒 2：魔童闹海》成为中国票房第一的电影，介绍了其精彩的情节、生动的画面、鲜活的角色等内容。
1．句意：在这部电影中，哪吒遇到了新的且困难的问题。
easy容易的；hard困难的；funny有趣的；cmmn常见的。根据下文“Bad peple say Ne Zha des bad things. He has t shw he is gd and save his hme...”可知，哪吒面临着坏人的污蔑，还得证明自己是好的并拯救家园，所以他面临的是“艰难的”问题。此处使用“hard”意为“艰难的”符合语境。故选B。
2．句意：他必须同时证明自己是好的并拯救他的家园。
same相同的；different不同的；ther其他的；next下一个的。根据“He has t shw he is gd and save his hme at ”可知，哪吒要“同时”做到证明自己和拯救家园这两件事。“at the same time”为固定短语，意为“同时”符合语境，故选A。
3．句意：他坚强的意志让看这部电影的人非常喜欢他。
bdy身体；mind意志；hand手；lk外表。根据上文“Ne Zha is brave. He never gives up, n matter hw hard things get.”可知，哪吒很勇敢，无论事情多艰难都不放弃，这体现的是他坚强的“意志”。此处使用“mind”意为“意志”符合语境。故选B。
4．句意：电影中的画面非常酷炫。
bring无聊的；cl酷的；ugly丑陋的；friendly友好的。根据下文“The clrs are bright, and the wrld in the mvie lks real. We can see big and beautiful palaces under the sea.”可知，电影里色彩明亮，画面看起来真实，还能看到漂亮的海底宫殿，所以画面是“酷的”。此处使用“cl”意为“酷的”符合语境。故选B。
5．句意：打斗场面真的很令人兴奋。
exciting令人兴奋的；scary可怕的；tiring累人的；crazy疯狂的。根据“We can see big and beautiful palaces under the sea. The fight scenes are really...”可知，句中对电影画面的描述，以及结合语境可知，打斗场面应该是让人觉得“令人兴奋的”。此处使用“exciting”意为“令人兴奋的”符合语境。故选A。
6．句意：他们向我们展示了友谊和家庭是多么重要。
We我们；They他们；He他；She她。根据上文“Ne Zha’s friends and family help him.”可知，此处指代哪吒的朋友和家人，应该用“他们”，即“They”。故选B。
7．句意：这部电影不仅有令人兴奋的情节，而且哪吒的角色非常生动。
actin动作；stry故事；character角色；life生活。根据下文“He always shws his lvely side...”可知，这里说的是哪吒这个“角色”的特点，所以此处使用“character”意为“角色”符合语境。故选C。
8．句意：即使面对困难，他也总是展现出他可爱的一面。
even甚至；als也；nly仅仅；early早。根据“He always shws his lvely the face f difficulties.”可知，此处表示“即使”面对困难，他也展现可爱的一面。使用“even”意为“即使”符合语境。故选A。
9．句意：此外，电影中的音乐与场景很匹配，使电影更具吸引力。
gd好的，形容词；well好地，副词；bad坏的，形容词；badly坏地，副词。根据“making the mvie mre attractive”可知，音乐和场景是“很好地”匹配，此处是副词修饰动词“matches”，所以使用“well”表示“很好地”符合语境。故选B。
10．句意：它表明如果我们勇敢，我们可以战胜任何问题。
lazy懒惰的；brave勇敢的；shy害羞的；weak虚弱的。根据上文“Ne Zha is brave. He never gives up, n matter hw hard things get.”以及电影的主旨可知，是说如果我们像哪吒一样“勇敢”，就能战胜问题。此处使用“brave”意为“勇敢的”符合语境。故选B。
2.（2025·重庆·一模）“Nezha 2” has recently becme a ht-tpic amng mvie-gers, cntinuing the epic tale f the fearless yung her Nezha. This sequel nt nly brings back the belved characters but als unflds a mre cmplex and engaging stry.
The mvie begins with Nezha facing new challenges. After the events f the first film, where he defied fate and saved his hmetwn, Nezha has gained fame, but als new enemies. A pwerful and mysterius dark frce emerges, threatening t plunge the wrld int chas. This dark frce has unique magical abilities that can disrupt the balance f the three realms-the celestial realm, the human realm, and the demn realm.
Nezha, alng with his lyal friends including A Bing, sets ut n a new adventure t stp this threat. Hwever, their jurney is filled with hardships. They have t travel thrugh dangerus and uncharted lands, encunter strange creatures, and slve ancient puzzles. Nezha, wh is knwn fr his impulsive nature, must learn t cntrl his emtins and use his pwerful magic mre wisely. Fr example, in ne scene, when they are trapped in a magical maze, Nezha’s initial attempt t break thrugh with brute frce nly makes the situatin wrse. It is thrugh teamwrk and his new - fund patience that they manage t find a way ut.
The visual effects in “Nezha 2” are truly stunning. The battles between the frces f gd and evil are depicted with vivid clrs and spectacular magical displays. The animatin team has utdne themselves in creating detailed and imaginative landscapes, frm the flating islands f the celestial realm t the fiery depths f the demn wrld.
Mrever, the mvie delves deeper int the themes f friendship, respnsibility, and the true meaning f herism. Nezha and his friends’ unwavering lyalty t each ther is tested time and time again, but they always stand by ne anther. And Nezha’s grwing understanding f his respnsibility as a her, nt just t his hmetwn but t the entire wrld, adds a prfund layer t the stry.
1．What is the main threat in “Nezha 2”?
A．Nezha’s wn impulsive nature.B．A pwerful and mysterius dark frce.
C．The jealusy f ther heres.D．The lack f trust amng Nezha’s friends.
2．Why des Nezha need t cntrl his emtins?
A．Because his emtins can trigger natural disasters.
B．Because his friends are tired f his bad temper.
C．Because uncntrlled emtins make it harder t slve prblems.
D．Because the dark frce can use his emtins against him.
3．What can we learn abut the visual effects in “Nezha 2”?
A．They are simple but effective.
B．They are mainly fcused n the characters’ expressins.
C．They are stunning with vivid clrs and spectacular magical displays.
D．They are nt as gd as thse in the first mvie.
4．What themes des “Nezha 2” explre?
A．Lve, betrayal, and revenge.B．Friendship, respnsibility, and the true meaning f herism.
C．Greed, pwer, and crruptin.D．Luck, destiny, and the afterlife.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了电影《哪吒2》的故事情节和主题。
1．细节理解题。根据“A pwerful and mysterius dark frce emerges, threatening t plunge the wrld int chas”可知，所以主要威胁是强大神秘的黑暗力量，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Fr example, in ne scene, when they are trapped in a magical maze, Nezha’s initial attempt t break thrugh with brute frce nly makes the situatin wrse.”可知，当被困魔法迷宫时，哪吒一开始用蛮力突围使情况更糟，所以情绪失控不利于解决问题，他需要控制情绪，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“The visual effects in ‘Nezha 2’ are truly stunning. The battles between the frces f gd and evil are depicted with vivid clrs and spectacular magical displays”可知，《哪吒2》的视觉效果确实令人惊叹。善与恶势力之间的战斗用生动的色彩和壮观的魔法表演来描绘。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。根据“Mrever, the mvie delves deeper int the themes f friendship, respnsibility, and the true meaning f herism.”可知，电影深入探讨了友谊、责任和英雄主义的真正含义，故选B。
3.（2025·江西吉安·模拟）“Nezha: The Devil Child Splashes in the Sea” has becme a huge hit in China since its release n January 29, 2025. This animated (动画的) mvie, directed by Jiazi, has caught the attentin f bth kids and adults.
The mvie stands ut with its amazing special effects. Mre than 1,900 special effect shts bring the stry t life. An engine named “Dynamic Ink Wash Rendering Engine” was develped by the team. It mixes traditinal Chinese painting with 3D animatin, creating breathtaking scenes such as the attacks f the sea mnsters and the huge vid rift.
The actin scenes are als a big draw. The battles between Nezha and the Immrtal Lrd f Infinity are extremely exciting. Their every mve is full f energy, and the exhibitin f varius magical pwers makes the battle even mre spectacular. Nezha’s brave and fearless fighting style, cmbined with the Immrtal Lrd f Infinity’s mysterius and pwerful magic, makes every mment f the battle full f suspense and visual impact.
Mrever, the mvie expands the wrld it set up befre. It desn’t just tell a stry abut ne character but dives deeper int the cnflicts between different grups and the verturning f rules. It als tuches n sme real - life issues like “labeling in sciety”, which makes the audience think abut the unfairness and fixed ideas in ur daily lives.
The film has achieved great success at the bx ffice. By February 10, 2025, it had earned ver 8. 353 billin yuan, ranking first n the Chinese film bx - ffice list. It has als made histry in the glbal film market.
1．Hw many special effect shts are there in “Nezha: The Devil Child Splashes in the Sea”?
A．Over 1,800.B．Over 1,900.C．Abut 1,900.D．Less than 1,900.
2．What des the underlined wrd “breathtaking” mean in the passage?
A．Cmfrtable.B．Bring.C．Amazing.D．Terrible.
3．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．It tells the stry f Nezha in the mvie.
B．It shws the special effects f the mvie.
C．It talks abut the success and features f “Nezha: The Devil Child Splashes in the Sea”.
D．It intrduces the directr f the mvie.
4．Which f the fllwing shws the structure f the passage?
A．B．C．D．
5．Which is the best title fr the passage?
A．The Stry f Nezha
B．The Special Effects f an Animated Mvie
C．“Nezha: The Devil Child Splashes in the Sea”: A Big Success
D．The Directr f “Nezha: The Devil Child Splashes in the Sea”
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C
【导语】本文介绍了电影《哪吒：魔童闹海》的成功及其特点，包括特效、动作场面、故事深度和社会意义，并强调了其在票房和全球电影市场中的历史性成就。
1．细节理解题。根据“Mre than 1,900 special effect shts bring the stry t life”可知，电影中有超过1900个特效镜头，故选B。
2．词义猜测题。根据“It mixes traditinal Chinese painting with 3D animatin, creating breathtaking scenes such as the attacks f the sea mnsters and the huge vid rift. ”可知，它将传统国画与3D动画相结合，创造了令人惊叹的场景，划线单词表示“令人惊叹的”，与amazing意思相近。故选C。
3．主旨大意题。本文介绍了电影《哪吒：魔童闹海》的成功及其特点，故选C。
4．篇章结构题。第一段引入背景，第二、三、四段分别从特效、战斗场面、主题内涵等方面展开，最后一段总结其票房成绩和影响力，属于总分总结构。故选B。
5．标题归纳题。本文介绍了电影《哪吒：魔童闹海》的成功及其特点，所以C项“《哪吒之魔子》：大获成功”最符合文意。故选C。
4.（2025·浙江金华·模拟）The animated film Ne Zha 2, released n January 29, 2025, has becme a huge success in the film industry. Directed by the famus directr Jiazi (Yang Yu), it cntinues the exciting stry f Ne Zha (哪吒) and A Bing (敖丙) frm the first mvie.
After surviving a terrible disaster called the “Heavenly Tribulatin (天劫)”, Ne Zha and A Bing lst their physical bdies. Their suls were in great danger until Taiyi Zhenren, a wise immrtal frm Chinese mythlgy, saved them using a magical seven-clred ltus. Hwever, peace did nt last lng. Their suls began t disappear again, frcing Taiyi Zhenren t face a difficult task—rebuilding their bdies with limited materials while slving unexpected prblems.
The film shws remarkable character grwth. Ne Zha, nce knwn fr his rebellius nature, learns t care deeply fr his friends and understand his true self. His friend A Bing, wh used t struggle with persnal trubles, transfrms int a brave warrir. In ne pwerful scene, A Bing declares curageusly, “If there’s n path, I’ll create ne!”
Visually, the mvie is a feast fr the eyes. It begins with thrilling scenes f flwing lava like wild rivers and terrifying sea mnsters jumping ut f the water, making viewers feel as if they are part f the actin. Beynd the actin, Ne Zha 2 teaches imprtant life lessns. It encurages peple t stay brave when facing difficulties, fight fr what is right, and value friendship. These themes resnate with bth yung and adult audiences. The film has brken bx ffice recrds, earning an astnishing amunt in its first week. Many peple praise its perfect mix f cultural elements, exciting strytelling, and psitive messages.
1．What happened t Ne Zha and A Bing after the “Heavenly Tribulatin”?
A．They gt strnger pwers.B．They lst their physical bdies.
C．They became best friends immediately.D．They went t live in Kunlun Muntain.
2．Why did Taiyi Zhenren have a difficult task?
A．Because he had t fight against the sea mnsters.
B．Because he needed t teach Ne Zha and A Bing new skills.
C．Because their suls started t disappear again and he had t rebuild their bdies with limited materials.
D．Because he had t find a way t stp the “Heavenly Tribulatin” frm happening again.
3．Visually, what made the mvie a feast fr the eyes at the beginning?
A．The beautiful fairies in Kunlun Muntain.
B．The fast-paced fighting scenes.
C．The flwing lava like wild rivers and terrifying sea mnsters jumping ut f the water.
D．The shape-changing Tianyuan Ding.
4．What imprtant life lessn des “Ne Zha 2” NOT teach?
A．T stay brave when facing difficulties.B．T always fllw the rules.
C．T fight fr what is right.D．T value friendship.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文主要介绍电影《哪吒2》获得了巨大成功，并介绍了电影的主要情节以及带给我们的启发。
1．细节理解题。根据“After surviving a terrible disaster called the ‘Heavenly Tribulatin (天劫)’, Ne Zha and A Bing lst their physical bdies.”可知，在天劫之后，哪吒和敖丙失去了他们的肉身。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Their suls began t disappear again, frcing Taiyi Zhenren t face a difficult task—rebuilding their bdies with limited materials while slving unexpected prblems.”可知，他们的灵魂再次开始消散，这迫使太乙真人要用有限的材料为他们重塑肉身，同时还要解决意想不到的问题。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“Visually, the mvie is a feast fr the eyes. It begins with thrilling scenes f flwing lava like wild rivers and terrifying sea mnsters jumping ut f the water”可知，电影以如狂野河流般流淌的熔岩和从水中跃出的恐怖海怪等惊险场景开场，使其成为视觉盛宴。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“It encurages peple t stay brave when facing difficulties, fight fr what is right, and value friendship.”可知，电影传达了面对困难要勇敢、为正义而战和珍惜友谊的人生教训，未提及要一直遵守规则。故选B。
5.（2025·江西九江·模拟）哪吒是中国神话中的经典人物，动画电影《哪吒之魔童降世》赋予了这个角色新的生命力。假如你是李华，请根据以下提示，以“What I learnt frm Nezha”写一篇英语短文：
1. 简要介绍哪吒角色特点 (外貌、性格等)；
2. 分析他对朋友和家人的态度；
3. 谈谈这个角色给你的启示。
要求：
1. 词数80-120；
2. 包含所有提示要点。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
What I learnt frm Nezha
Nezha is a famus character in Chinese mythlgy. In the mvie Nezha: Birth f the Demn Child, he has a unique appearance with red hair and a rebellius lk. His persnality is bld and fearless, but he als has a kind heart.
Nezha treats his friends with lyalty and always stands by them. Fr his family, althugh he smetimes feels misunderstd, he deeply cares abut them and wants t prtect them.
This character teaches me that we shuld nt judge peple by their appearance. Everyne has their wn struggles, and with curage and determinatin, we can vercme any challenge.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏信息，可适当补充细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，简要介绍哪吒的外貌和性格；
第二步，分析他对朋友和家人的态度；
第三步，谈谈这个角色给你的启示。
[亮点词汇]
①stand by支持
②judge peple by their appearance以貌取人
[高分句型]
①Fr his family, althugh he smetimes feels misunderstd, he deeply cares abut them and wants t prtect them. (althugh引导的让步状语从句)
②This character teaches me that we shuld nt judge peple by their appearance. (that引导的宾语从句)
热点03 央视蛇年春晚和《秧BOT》
1.（2025·安徽合肥·一模）A Yangge flk dance was perfrmed by rbts during the Spring Festival Gala f the Year f the Snake. This perfrmance has been 1 by audiences. It used a 2 way t mix cultural traditins with high technlgy.
In the perfrmance 3 by Chinese directr Zhang Yimu, 16 rbts prduced by Chinese rbtics cmpany Unitree, dressed in nrtheastern Chinese style jackets, perfrmed tgether with dancers. The rbts culd d 4 just mve arund. They twisted their waists (扭腰) 5 , kicked their legs, and even spun handkerchiefs (转手帕). Their actins were s quick and gd and everyne was amazed.
These rbts are prducts made by Unitree. The cmpany said that they used AI-driven technlgy t 6 their whle bdies. They are s strng 7 they can use a lt f frce t mve their jints (关节). 8 , they can “understand” music thrugh advanced AI algrithms (算法), which means they can change their dance mves in real-time t match the music perfectly.
Unitree named these rbts “Fuxi”, which sunds like the name f a mythical (神话的) 9 in Chinese culture. Everyne wh watched the perfrmance was surprised by hw technlgy and traditin culd cme tgether in 10 a wnderful way. It will leave a lasting impressin n the audience.
1．A．respectedB．praisedC．laughedD．encuraged
2．A．similarB．traditinalC．cnvenientD．creative
3．A．inventedB．directedC．crrectedD．managed
4．A．less thanB．instead fC．much tD．mre than
5．A．smthlyB．awfullyC．difficultlyD．uneasily
6．A．knckB．useC．cntrlD．challenge
7．A．thatB．whatC．asD．while
8．A．HweverB．SinceC．MreverD．But
9．A．emperrB．translatrC．freignerD．traveller
10．A．sB．thisC．suchD．that
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了由张艺谋导演的蛇年春晚的机器人表演。
1．句意：这场演出受到了观众的好评。
respected尊敬；praised表扬；laughed笑；encuraged鼓励。根据“Their actins were s quick and gd and everyne was amazed.”可知，是受到了观众的表扬。故选B。
2．句意：它以一种创造性的方式将文化传统与高科技相结合。
similar相似的；traditinal传统的；cnvenient方便的；creative创造性的。根据“mix cultural traditins with high technlgy”可知，将文化传统与高科技结合是创新的方式。故选D。
3．句意：在中国导演张艺谋执导的表演中，中国机器人公司Unitree生产的16个机器人穿着中国东北风格的夹克，与舞者一起表演。
invented发明；directed指导；crrected改正；managed管理。根据“In the Chinese directr Zhang Yimu”可知，这个表演是由张艺谋执导的。故选B。
4．句意：机器人可以做的不仅仅是四处走动。
less than不足；instead f代替；much t太；mre than超出。根据“They twisted their waists (扭腰) smthly, kicked their legs, and even spun handkerchiefs (转手帕).”可知，机器人能做的超出四处走动。故选D。
5．句意：他们平稳地扭着腰，踢着腿，甚至还纺手帕。
smthly平稳地；awfully糟糕地；difficultly困难；uneasily不容易地。根据“Their actins were s quick and gd”可知，它们是平稳地扭着腰。故选A。
6．句意：该公司表示，他们使用人工智能驱动的技术来控制它们的全身。
knck敲；use使用；cntrl控制；challenge挑战。根据“they used AI-driven technlgy whle bdies”可知，是使用人工智能驱动的技术来控制它们的全身。故选C。
7．句意：它们非常强壮，可以用很大的力量来移动关节。
that那个；what什么；as当；while在……期间。根据“s strng”可知，此处为“如此……以至于”句式。故选A。
8．句意：此外，它们可以通过先进的人工智能算法“理解”音乐，这意味着它们可以实时改变舞蹈动作，以完美地匹配音乐。
Hwever然而；Since自从；Mrever此外；But但是。根据“they can use a lt f frce t mve their jints (关节), they can “understand” music thrugh advanced AI algrithms (算法),”可知，前后是递进关系，用mrever连接。故选C。
9．句意：Unitree将这些机器人命名为“伏羲”，听起来像是中国文化中一位神话中的皇帝的名字。
emperr皇帝；translatr翻译者；freigner外国人；traveller旅行者。根据“Fuxi”可知，是神话中皇帝的名字。故选A。
10．句意：每个观看演出的人都惊讶于技术和传统是如何以如此美妙的方式结合在一起的。
s如此；this这个；such如此；that那个。空后为名词a wnderful way，用such修饰，表示如此美妙的方式。故选C。
2.（2025·四川绵阳·模拟预测）.
As time prgresses, AI has increasingly made its mark n peple’s daily lives. The 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala brught a wnderful perfrmance that cmbined (结合) 1 and traditin. It was the shw f “YangBOT”. A grup f humanid rbts 2 by a famus Chinese technlgy cmpany became the fcus. The rbts were special and they were carefully prgrammed t d the lively 3 which is a traditinal Chinese flk art.
The famus directr Zhang Yimu explained, “T get ready fr this great shw, the rbts 4 hard. They used new artificial intelligence (AI) t learn every mvement f the dance. We had prvided them 5 strng cnnectins and gd sensrs (传感器) , s they culd mve 6 and crrectly, even n the uneven (不平坦的) stage.”
The audience was really surprised when they saw the rbts 7 the clrful handkerchiefs (手帕) while dancing, just like real dancers. It was a scene that interested 8 . The shw was very successful and sn became a ht tpic n scial media. Yung peple thught it was cl and very interesting, 9 the lder peple enjyed its humr and festive spirit. The YangBt prgram is a perfect mix f China’s 10 tech prgress and cultural pride. As ne fan said, “It’s like watching the future and past dance tgether! ”
1．A．musicB．histryC．custmD．technlgy
2．A．bughtB．fundC．createdD．started
3．A．singingB．drawingC．playingD．dancing
4．A．trainedB．rememberedC．guessedD．thught
5．A．frB．withC．tD．in
6．A．quicklyB．slwlyC．nisilyD．smthly
7．A．hldingB．wavingC．makingD．hitting
8．A．n neB．smeneC．nneD．everyne
9．A．sB．althughC．whileD．if
10．A．beautifulB．meaningfulC．mdernD．educatinal
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2025年央视春晚中 “YangBOT” 这一节目，一群由中国科技公司制造的人形机器人进行传统民俗舞蹈表演，将科技与传统相结合，节目引发观众惊叹并在社交媒体成为热门话题。
1．句意：2025年央视春晚带来了一场将科技和传统相结合的精彩表演。
music音乐；histry历史；custm习俗；technlgy科技。 根据 “A grup f humanid a famus Chinese technlgy cmpany became the fcus.”并结合备选项可知是将科技与传统结合，故选D。
2．句意：一群由一家著名中国科技公司制造的人形机器人成为了焦点。
bught购买；fund发现；created创造；started开始。根据 “The rbts were special and they were carefully prgrammed...”并结合备选项可知是被创造，故选C。
3．句意：这些机器人很特别，它们经过精心编程来进行活泼的舞蹈，一种中国传统民间艺术。
singing唱歌；drawing绘画；playing演奏；dancing舞蹈。 根据 “The famus directr Zhang Yimu explained, ‘T get ready fr this great shw, the t learn every mvement f the dance.’” 可知是进行舞蹈，故选D。
4．句意：著名导演张艺谋解释说：“为了为这场盛大演出做准备，机器人训练很努力。”
trained训练；remembered记住；guessed猜测；thught思考。根据 “T get ready fr this great shw, the t learn every mvement f the dance.” 可知是训练，故选A。
5．句意：我们为它们配备了强大的连接和良好的传感器，所以它们能平稳且正确地移动，即使在不平整的舞台上。
fr为了；with和；t向；in在……里面。根据“prvide”并结合备选项可知prvide sb. with sth.“为某人提供某物”符合语境，故选B。
6．句意：我们为它们配备了强大的连接和良好的传感器，所以它们能平稳且正确地移动，即使在不平整的舞台上。
quickly快速地；slwly缓慢地；nisily吵闹地；smthly平稳地。根据 “even n the uneven stage” 可知在不平整舞台上要正确移动，需要平稳，故选D。
7．句意：观众们看到机器人像真正的舞者一样慢慢挥舞着彩色手帕跳舞时真地很惊讶。
hlding持有；waving挥舞；making制作；hitting击打。根据 “ just like real dancers” 可知应是挥舞手帕跳舞，故选B。
8．句意：这是一个让每个人都感兴趣的场景。
n ne没有人；smene某人；nne没有一个；everyne每个人。根据 “The shw was very successful and sn became a ht tpic n scial media.” 可知节目很成功且成为热门话题，说明很多人感兴趣，结合备选项可知everyne符合语境，故选D。
9．句意：年轻人觉得它很酷很有趣，而年龄大一些的人喜欢它的幽默和节日氛围。
s所以；althugh尽管；while然而，表对比 ；if如果。根据 “Yung peple thught it was cl and very interesting”和“the lder peple enjyed its humr and festive spirit”可知前后形成对比，故选C。
10．句意：“YangBt”节目是中国现代科技进步与文化自豪感的完美融合。
beautiful美丽的；meaningful有意义的；mdern现代的；educatinal有教育意义的。根据 “ They used new artificial intelligence (AI) t learn every mvement f the dance” 可知是现代的科技，故选C。
3.（2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）On January 28, 2025, a special perfrmance called Yang BOT amazed audiences (观众) at the Spring Festival Gala. Directed by famus filmmaker Zhang Yimu, the shw mixed traditinal Chinese Yangk Dance with mdern rbt technlgy.
In the perfrmance, humanid rbts (rbts shaped like humans) in red cstumes danced Yangk, a jyful flk dance frm Nrth China. These tall, thin and black rbts spun handkerchiefs (转手绢), threw them int the air and caught them again successfully by the music.
The rbts were develped by Unitree, a Chinese rbtics cmpany. This was nt Unitree’s first success—in 2021, their rbt cws named “Ben Ben” perfrmed as backup dancers fr singer Andy Lau. The rbts learned dance mves thrugh AI and used laser navigatin (激光导航) t mve safely n the stage. Their strng jints (关节) helped them balance perfectly during fast steps.
Zhang Yimu explained, “This dance isn’t just fun. It shws hw technlgy can bring new life t traditins.” The Yang BOT prgram is a perfect mix f China’s tech prgress and cultural pride. As ne fan said, “It’s like watching the future and past dance tgether!”

1．Which is true abut the humanid rbts accrding t the passage?
A．They were tall and heavy.B．They were red and black.
C．They sang sngs in the perfrmance.D．They danced Yangk in the perfrmance.
2．What des the third paragraph mainly talk abut?
A．The develpment f the rbts by Unitree.
B．The histry f Chinese Yangk Dance.
C．The relatinship between Zhang Yimu and Unitree.
D．The fans’ pinins n the Yang BOT perfrmance.
3．In which part f a magazine can we prbably read this passage?
A．Travel.B．Science.C．Histry.D．Health.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在2025年春节联欢晚会上，由著名导演张艺谋执导的名为“Yang BOT”的特别表演，该表演将中国传统秧歌舞与现代机器人技术相结合，给观众带来了惊喜。此外还介绍了参与表演的机器人的一些特点以及这次表演的意义。
1．细节理解题。根据“In the perfrmance, humanid rbts (rbts shaped like humans) in red cstumes danced Yangk, a jyful flk dance frm Nrth China.”可知，在表演中，穿着红色服装的人形机器人跳了秧歌舞。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The rbts were develped by Unitree, a Chinese rbtics rbts learned dance mves thrugh AI and used laser navigatin (激光导航) t mve safely n the stage.”可知，第三段主要介绍了这些机器人是由中国机器人公司宇树科技开发的，并详细描述了它们是如何学习和执行舞蹈动作的，即主要谈论了宇树科技对机器人的开发。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据文章内容，主要介绍了将中国传统秧歌舞与现代机器人技术相结合的特别表演，这涉及到科技领域的内容。因此，这篇文章最有可能出现在杂志的科学部分。故选B。
4.（2025·江苏镇江·一模）.
The Spring Festival Gala is the mst exciting TV shw during Chinese New Year. This year, a dance prgram called “Jy n the Branches” became the biggest surprise f the night.
When the shw began, the audience immediately fell in lve with the beautiful stage (舞台) design. It lked like a real Chinese painting frm ancient times. In the center std an amazing prp (道具)—a huge pine branch (松枝) that was 9.5 meters lng and 4.5 meters tall. Peple said it was the biggest prp ever used in the Gala’s histry. The pine branch lked s real that it seemed smene had just cut it frm a frest.
Then the dancers appeared quietly. Their cstumes (戏服) used traditinal Chinese clrs like light blue, deep blue, and creamy white. Their mvements were smth and natural, like water flwing in a small river. Instead f ding difficult jumps r deep bends, they mved sideways acrss the stage like birds flying lw. Thrugh their bdy language, they shwed the happy expressins and playful actins f magpies (喜鹊), making peple feel they were watching real birds instead f dancers.
Actually, this dance was created based n a famus ld Chinese painting. The team wanted t share the beauty f traditinal art with mdern dance. T make this happen, they used special stage effects like hanging clths, light prjectins, and flr screens. These techniques mixed flat paintings with 3D space perfectly. When the “magpies” flew acrss the stage, they seemed t jump in and ut f the painting. The whle perfrmance became a mving artwrk that shwed the special beauty f Chinese culture.
This prgram nt nly presented wnderful dancing but als helped peple understand hw mdern technlgy can bring ld paintings t life. The mix f traditinal stries and new ideas made it a perfect example f China’s rich cultural heritage. Many viewers said it felt like traveling thrugh time t experience ancient art in a fresh way. The success f “Jy n the Branches” prves that classic beauty never ges ut f style when we find creative ways t share it.
1．What was special abut the pine branch prp?
A．It culd mve like real branches.B．It was made frm real frest wd.
C．It was the largest prp in Gala histry.D．It lked like an ld Chinese painting.
2．Hw did the dancers shw magpies’ mvements?
A．By mving sideways like birds.B．By wearing bird-shaped cstumes.
C．Thrugh difficult jumps and spins.D．With the help f hanging clrful clths.
3．What is the main purpse f the passage?
A．T intrduce a wnderful TV prgramme.B．T explain the histry f Spring Festival Gala.
C．T describe a dance prgram’s creative design.D．T cmpare traditinal and mdern Chinese art.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C
【导语】本文介绍了春晚舞蹈节目《喜上枝头》的舞台设计、舞蹈表演、创作理念和技术应用，以及它对中国文化的传承和创新的意义。
1．细节理解题。根据“Peple said it was the biggest prp ever used in the Gala’s histry.”可知，松枝道具是春晚历史上使用过的最大的道具。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Instead f ding difficult jumps r deep bends, they mved sideways acrss the stage like birds flying lw. Thrugh their bdy language, they shwed the happy expressins and playful actins f magpies (喜鹊)”可知，他们没有做高难度的跳跃或深弯，而是像鸟儿低飞一样在舞台上横向移动。通过他们的肢体语言，他们展示了喜鹊快乐的表情和顽皮的动作。故选A。
3．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍这支舞蹈如何结合传统绘画与现代技术，重在描述其创意设计和呈现效果，故选C。
5.（2025·江苏泰州·模拟）YangBOT (秧BOT)
The 2025 Spring Festival Gala (春晚), als knwn as the CCTV New Year’s Gala, was a wnderful event that shwed the newest develpments in technlgy and entertainment. One f the mst talked-abut highlights (亮点) f the gala was the appearance f YangBOT. Directed by famus film maker Zhang Yimu, the shw mixed traditinal Chinese yangge dance with mdern rbt technlgy, which amazed audiences at hme and abrad.
In the perfrmance, human-like rbts dressed in clrful cstumes danced yangge, a jyful traditinal flk dance frm nrthern China ften seen during Spring festivals. They spun handkerchiefs instantly and frmed creative patterns alngside a grup f prfessinal dancers. The rbt’s mvements were smth and precise (准确的), shwing the incredible prgress Chinese peple have made in the field f rbtics and AI.
What’s mre, YangBOT played a significant rle in the gala, nt nly as a perfrmer but als as an interactive hst. The rbts have state-f-the-art (最先进的) artificial intelligence (AI), they can interact with the audience in real-time, answering questins, telling jkes and even taking part in daily activities. Its ability t understand and respnse t human emtins made it a hit amng viewers f all ages, and that has becme a symbl f China’s technlgical innvatin.
Thanks t the innvatins, the rbts wn the heart f millins. On scial media, tpics like “Rbt Yangge” trended quickly. Yung viewers call it “cl”, while lder audiences lved its humr and festival spirit.
The YangBOT perfrmance is a perfect mixture f China’s tech prgress and cultural pride. As ne fan said, “It’s like watching the future and past dance tgether!”
The appearance f YangBOT in the 2025 Spring Festival Gala was a symbl f China’s cmmitment (投入) t innvatin and its visin fr the future. The rbt’s presence nt nly entertained millins f viewers but als inspired a new generatin f tech enthusiasts. As technlgy cntinues t develp, it is clear that rbts like YangBOT will play an increasingly imprtant rle in ur lives, bridging (消除) the gap between humans and machines.
1．Yu can enjy ________ in the 2025 Spring Festival Gala shw?
A．The entertainment perfrmances.
B．The appearance f YangBOT.
C．The latest develpment in technlgy and entertainment.
D．The wnderful events.
2．What rle did YangBOT play in the gala?
A．Only as a perfrmer.
B．Only as an interactive hst.
C．Bth as a perfrmer and an interactive hst.
D．As a rbt dancer.
3．Peple can see Yangge perfrmance n ________.
A．the Mid-autumn Festival
B．the Natinal Day
C．the Dragn Bat Festival
D．the Chinese New year
4．Why did YangBOT becme a hit amng viewers f all ages?
A．Because they culd understand and respnd t human emtins.
B．Because they were the first rbts t play n stage.
C．Because they can interact with the audience in real-time.
D．Because they can answer questins and tell jkes.
5．What des the appearance f YangBOT in the gala stand fr?
A．the audience f all ages lves it.
B．China’s cmmitment t innvatin and future visin.
C．the develpment f dance.
D．the develpment f technlgy.
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了2025年央视春晚中出现的YangBOT机器人表演，展示了中国在科技和娱乐领域的最新发展，并强调了YangBOT在节目中的多重角色及其对观众的吸引力。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The 2025 Spring Festival Gala, als knwn as the CCTV New Year’s Gala, was a wnderful event that shwed the newest develpments in technlgy and entertainment.”可知，2025年春晚展示了科技和娱乐领域的最新发展。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“What’s mre, YangBOT played a significant rle in the gala, nt nly as a perfrmer but als as an interactive hst.”可知，YangBOT在春晚中不仅作为表演者，还作为互动主持人。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In the perfrmance, human-like rbts dressed in clrful cstumes danced yangge, a jyful traditinal flk dance frm nrthern China ften seen during Spring festivals.”可知，秧歌表演通常在春节期间的节日中看到。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Its ability t understand and respnse t human emtins made it a hit amng viewers f all ages.”可知，YangBOT能够理解和回应人类情感，因此受到各年龄段观众的喜爱。故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The appearance f YangBOT in the 2025 Spring Festival Gala was a symbl f China’s cmmitment t innvatin and its visin fr the future.”可知，YangBOT的出现象征着中国对创新的承诺和对未来的愿景。故选B。
6.（2025·安徽安庆·一模）The theme and main lg (标识) fr the 2025 Spring Festival Gala were psted n scial media n Nvember 29, 2024. The theme fr this year’s gala is “Si Si(巳巳) Ru Yi, Sheng Sheng Bu Xi,” which carries deep cultural meanings.
“Si” stands fr the rising f Yang energy and the hiding f Yin energy. It’s a time when everything seems t wake up and cme t life, creating a beautiful scene. By using “Si Si Ru Yi” as the theme, the 2025 Spring Festival Gala hpes t bring gd wishes t every family and the whle natin. “Sheng Sheng Bu Xi” means that life cntinues endlessly, standing fr the endless energy.
The main lg uses the Oracle Bne Script (甲骨文) character “Si” as its creative part, in details, tw “Si” characters were put tgether, which means gd things will happen twice. It’s a nice way t cnnect the Snake Year with gd luck and express happy wishes t everyne.
1．When was the theme fr the 2025 Spring Festival Gala psted? (不超过10个词)

2．Why were the tw “Si” characters put tgether? (不超过10个词)

3．What d yu think f the main lg fr the 2025 Spring Festival Gala? (不超过15个词)

【答案】1．(It was psted) On Nvember 29, 2024． 2．Because they mean gd things will happen twice. / Because it means gd things will happen twice. 3．It is creative and meaningful. / It’s a nice way t cnnect the year with gd luck and best wishes. / It’s used fr expressing best wishes fr the cming year. / It spreads the traditinal Chinese culture.（答案不唯一，依据文本主题，言之有理即可）
【导语】本文主要介绍了2025年春节联欢晚会的主题和主要标志。
1．根据“The theme and main lg fr the 2025 Spring Festival Gala were psted n scial media n Nvember 29, 2024.”可知，2025年春节联欢晚会的主题和主标志于2024年11月29日发布。故填(It was psted) On Nvember 29, 2024．
2．根据“tw ‘Si’ characters were put tgether, which means gd things will happen twice.”可知，两个“巳”字放在一起意味着好事成双。故填Because they mean gd things will happen twice. / Because it means gd things will happen twice.
3．根据“The main lg uses the Oracle Bne Script character ‘Si’ as its creative part.”可知，主标志使用甲骨文“巳”作为其创意部分，连接蛇年与好运。故填It is creative and meaningful. / It’s a nice way t cnnect the year with gd luck and best wishes. / It’s used fr expressing best wishes fr the cming year. / It spreads the traditinal Chinese culture.（答案不唯一，依据文本主题，言之有理即可）
7.（2025·广东深圳·一模）阅读下面短文。在空格处填入一个合适的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式。
On January 28, 2025, a special perfrmance called YangBOT surprised audiences at the CCTV Spring Festival Gala, China’s mst-watched TV shw. Directed by famus filmmaker Zhang Yimu, 1 shw mixed traditinal Chinese yangk dance and mdern rbt technlgy, which drew a lt f attentin.
In the perfrmance, humanid rbts (rbts shaped like humans) dressed in clrful cstumes danced yangk, a 2 (jy) flk dance frm nrthern China ften seen during festivals. They spun (旋转) handkerchiefs quickly and frmed different grup patterns. These rbts 3 (develp) by Unitree, a Chinese rbtics cmpany. This was nt Unitree’s first 4 (succeed) — in 2021 their rbt cws named “Ben Ben” danced as backup fr singer Andy Lau.
The rbts learnt dance mves thrugh AI and laser navigatin (激光导航) t mve safely 5 the uneven (不平的) stage. Their strng jints helped them balance perfectly during fast steps, 6 they wuldn’t fall ver easily. Zhang Yimu explained, “This dance isn’t just fun — it shws hw technlgy can bring new life t traditins.”
Thanks t these innvatins, the rbts wn the hearts f millins. On scial media, tpics like “Rbt Yangk” spread 7 (wide) in n time. Yung viewers called it “cl”, while lder audiences lved 8 (it) humr and festive spirit. Peple f all ages shwed their interest in mre creative perfrmances given by rbts.
The YangBOT prgram is a perfect mix f China’s tech prgress and cultural pride. As ne f the viewers said, “It’s like 9 (watch) the future and past dance tgether! Yung peple are expected t wrk harder 10 (achieve) their gals and make ur cuntry a better place.”
【答案】1．the 2．jyful 3．were develped 4．success 5．n 6．s that 7．widely 8．its 9．watching 10．t achieve
【导语】本文主要讲述了在2025央视春晚上，由著名电影导演张艺谋执导的将中国传统的秧歌舞蹈与现代机器人技术相结合的特别节目。
1．句意：由著名导演张艺谋执导，这场将传统秧歌与现代机器人技术结合的表演吸引了广泛关注。根据“a special perfrmance called YangBOT surprised audiences at the CCTV Spring Festival Gala, China’s mst-watched TV shw.”可知，此处特指上文中提到的“YangBOT”的特别表演，需用定冠词the表特指。故填the。
2．句意：这些机器人身着彩色服装，表演了中国北方节日中常见的欢乐民间舞蹈——秧歌。根据“a … (jy) flk dance”可知，此处表示欢乐民间舞蹈，此处应用jy的形容词形式jyful，作定语修饰名词短语“flk dance”。故填jyful。
3．句意：这些机器人是由中国的一家机器人公司——宇树科技研发的。“These rbts”与“develp”之间是被动关系，即机器人是被开发的，且句子描述的是过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were+过去分词”，主语“These rbts”是复数，故填were develped。
4．句意：这并非宇树科技的首次成功——2021年其机器人“奔奔”曾为歌手刘德华伴舞。根据“This was nt Unitree’s first … (succeed)”可知，此处表示这并非宇树科技的首次成功，应用succeed的名词形式success，在句中在表语。故填success。
5．句意：机器人通过激光导航在凹凸不平的舞台上安全移动。固定短语n the stage表示“在舞台上”。故填n。
6．句意：它们强韧的关节帮助其在快速舞步中保持平衡，避免轻易摔倒。根据“Their strng jints helped them balance perfectly during fast steps, … they wuldn’t fall ver easily.”可知，此处应填连词s that引导目的状语从句。故填s that。
7．句意：“机器人秧歌”等话题在社交媒体上迅速广泛传播。根据“tpics like “Rbt Yangk” spread … (wide) in n time.”可知，此处表示话题在社交媒体上迅速广泛传播，应填wide的副词形式widely，修饰动词“spread”。故填widely。
8．句意：年长观众喜爱其幽默感与节日氛围。根据“while lder audiences lved … (it) humr and festive spirit.”可知，此处表示年长观众喜爱其幽默感与节日氛围，应填it的形容词性物主代词its，指代前文“YangBOT prgram”。故填its。
9．句意：仿佛看到未来与过去共舞！根据“It’s like … (watch) the future and past dance tgether!”可知，此处表示仿佛看到未来与过去共舞，介词“like”后接动名词形式watching。故填watching。
10．句意：年轻人被期待更加努力地实现目标，建设更美好的国家。根据“wrk harder … (achieve) their gals”可知，此处应填不定式t achieve表目的。故填t achieve。
热点04 热点人物：黄旭华，梁文锋与王兴兴
1.（2025·广东珠海·一模）Huang Xuhua, China’s first-generatin nuclear submarine (核潜艇) chief designer, passes away at the age f 99 n February 2nd 2025. He is cnsidered the 1 f China’s nuclear submarine prgram. Brn in a small village, Huang had a deep 2 fr science and technlgy frm a yung age. He studied hard and finally became an engineer.
In the 1950s, China decided t develp its wn nuclear submarines t 3 its natinal defense (防御). Huang was chsen t lead the prject, which was tp-secret and full f challenges.
Fr many years, Huang and his team wrked in 4 cnditins, far away frm their families. They faced plenty f technical difficulties and had t slve them with limited resurces. N matter hw hard, Huang never 5 . He was determined t make China’s nuclear submarine dream cme true.
After years f hard wrk, China’s first nuclear submarine was successfully launched (发射、下水). It was a(n) 6 mment fr Huang and his team. The submarine’s successful launch meant that China had jined the ranks f cuntries with advanced (先进的) nuclear submarine technlgy.
Huang Xuhua’s 7 and effrt t his wrk have inspired many peple. He is a true her wh has made big cntributins t China’s natinal defense. Even in his retirement, Huang cntinues t share his knwledge and experience with 8 generatins, encuraging them t fllw their dreams and cntribute t the cuntry.
Huang’s life was like the submarine in the deep sea— 9 , but with strng pwer. He dnated everything he has withut asking fr return. He is a man whse hard wrk and determinatin have changed the 10 , and will always be remembered.
1．A．mtherB．fatherC．wrkerD．friend
2．A．angerB．dislikeC．interestD．cnnectin
3．A．weakenB．strengthenC．frgetD．stp
4．A．prB．easyC．perfectD．senir
5．A．gave awayB．gave backC．gave ffD．gave up
6．A．bringB．scaryC．excitingD．disappinting
7．A．achievementB．lazinessC．dishnestyD．carelessness
8．A．betterB．lderC．biggerD．yunger
9．A．silentB．hugeC．ludD．tiny
10．A．bilgyB．medicineC．histryD．space
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．A 10．C
【导语】本文记述了中国第一代核潜艇总设计师黄旭华的生平事迹。
1．句意：他被认为是中国核潜艇项目之父。
mther母亲；father父亲；wrker工人；friend朋友。根据“He is cnsidered China’s nuclear submarine prgram.”可知，句中表述黄旭华被认为是中国核潜艇计划的“开创者”的角色，此处使用“father”，意为“创始人、奠基者”，故选B。
2．句意：黄出生在一个小村庄，从小就对科学技术有浓厚的兴趣。
anger愤怒；dislike厌恶；interest兴趣；cnnectin联系。根据“Brn in a small village, Huang had a science and technlgy frm a yung age.”可知，句中表述黄旭华从小就对科技有浓厚的“兴趣”，此处使用“interest”，意为“兴趣”，故选C。
3．句意：20 世纪 50 年代，中国决定发展自己的核潜艇以加强国防。
weaken削弱；strengthen加强；frget忘记；stp停止。根据“In the 1950s, China decided t develp its wn nuclear submarines natinal defense.”可知，句中表述中国发展核潜艇是为了“加强”国防，此处使用“strengthen”，意为“加强、增强”，。故选B。
4．句意：多年来，黄和他的团队在艰苦的条件下工作，远离家人。
pr艰苦的；easy容易的；perfect完美的；senir高级的。根据“Fr many years, Huang and his team wrked , far away frm their families.”可知，句中表述他们在远离家人的地方工作，因此条件应该是“艰苦的、不好的”，此处使用“pr”，意为“艰苦的”。故选A。
5．句意：无论多么困难，黄从未放弃。
gave away赠送；gave back归还；gave ff散发；gave up放弃。根据“N matter hw hard, Huang never...”可知，句中表述无论多么困难，黄旭华都从不“放弃”，此处使用“gave up”，意为“放弃”。故选D。
6．句意：对黄和他的团队来说，这是一个令人兴奋的时刻。
bring无聊的；scary可怕的；exciting激动的；disappinting失望的。根据“It was a(n) fr Huang and his team.”可知，句中表述经过多年努力，核潜艇成功下水，这对团队来说是一个“令人兴奋的、令人激动的”时刻，此处使用“exciting”，意为“激动的”。故选C。
7．句意：黄旭华对工作的成就和努力激励了许多人。
achievement成就；laziness懒惰；dishnesty不诚实；carelessness粗心。根据“Huang Xuhua’ effrt t his wrk have inspired many peple.”可知，句中表述黄旭华在工作上的“成就”和努力激励了很多人，此处使用“achievement”，意为“成就”。故选A。
8．句意：即使在退休后，黄也继续与年轻一代分享他的知识和经验。
better更好的；lder更年长的；bigger更大的；yunger更年轻的。根据“Even in his retirement, Huang cntinues t share his knwledge and experience , encuraging them t fllw their dreams and cntribute t the cuntry.”可知，句中表述退休后他继续和“年轻一代”分享知识和经验，此处使用“yunger”，意为“更年轻的”。故选D。
9．句意：黄的一生就像深海中的潜艇——沉默，但有强大的力量。
silent沉默的；huge巨大的；lud喧闹的；tiny微小的。根据“Huang’s life was like the submarine in the deep sea...”可知，句中表述他的人生像深海中的潜艇，“沉默”但有强大的力量，此处使用“silent”，意为“沉默的”。故选A。
10．句意：他是一个努力和决心改变了历史的人，将永远被铭记。
bilgy生物学；medicine医学；histry历史；space太空。根据“He is a man whse hard wrk and determinatin have changed will always be remembered.”可知，句中表述他的努力和决心改变了“历史”，此处使用“histry”，意为“历史”。故选C。
2.（2025·广东东莞·一模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。
Huang Xuhua is a member f the Chinese Academy f Engineering (中国工程院院士). He led the design f China’s first nuclear submarines (核潜艇) and gt the Medal f the Republic (共和国勋章). He 1 at the age f 99 n Thursday in Wuhan, Hubei Prvince.
Knwn as the “Father f China’s nuclear submarines,” Huang spent his whle life n the 2 f China’s nuclear submarine prgram.
Huang was brn n March 12, 1926, in Shanwei, Guangdng Prvince. After a childhd in the darkness f 3 , he entered Shanghai Jia Tng University in 1945 t study shipbuilding, hping t gain the ability t 4 the cuntry.
In 1958, he was chsen t help develp China’s first nuclear submarine. In 1970, thanks t the hard wrk f Huang and his team, China’s first nuclear submarine was put int use, which 5 better than the first U.S. nuclear submarine built in 1954.
In 2018, Huang gt the 6 f “Influential Chinese in the Wrld.” In 2020, he wn the State Preeminent Science and Technlgy Award (国家科学技术奖) fr his 7 wrk in science.
Huang put all his 8 t the lng-term develpment f China’s science and technlgy 9 in nuclear submarine research. He als cared abut helping future generatins grw in a healthy way. Huang 10 mre than 20 millin yuan (abut 2.74 millin dllars) f his earnings t supprt scientific research, science educatin prgrams, and schls.
Huang’s dedicatin and achievements will always be remembered, inspiring us t wrk hard and cntribute t ur cuntry.
1．A．set ffB．ran awayC．passed awayD．died ff
2．A．develpmentB．agreementC．mvementD．argument
3．A．failureB．warC．studyD．friendship
4．A．preventB．prtectC．prepareD．prduce
5．A．acceptedB．ranC．describedD．perfrmed
6．A．challengeB．titleC．attentinD．chance
7．A．hnestB．humrusC．utstandingD．cnfident
8．A．effrtsB．pwerC．spiritsD．thught
9．A．especiallyB．cmpletelyC．actuallyD．generally
10．A．gave awayB．gave ffC．gave utD．gave up
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．A
【导语】本文介绍了中国工程院院士黄旭华的生平事迹，包括他领导设计中国第一艘核潜艇、获得共和国勋章等荣誉，以及他对国家科技发展的贡献。
1．句意：他于周四在湖北省武汉市去世，享年99岁。
set ff出发；ran away逃跑；passed away去世；died ff相继死去。根据“at the age f 99”可知，此处表示去世，固定搭配“passed away”符合语境。故选C。
2．句意：黄旭华一生都致力于中国核潜艇项目的发展。
develpment发展；agreement同意；mvement运动；argument争论。根据“spent his whle life”可知，此处强调核潜艇项目的长期发展。故选A。
3．句意：在战争的黑暗中度过童年后，他于1945年进入上海交通大学学习造船，希望获得保护国家的能力。
failure失败；war战争；study学习；friendship友谊。根据“darkness”及历史背景，黄旭华童年正值战争时期。故选B。
4．句意：在战争的黑暗中度过童年后，他于1945年进入上海交通大学学习造船，希望获得保护国家的能力。
prevent阻止；prtect保护；prepare准备；prduce生产。核潜艇的主要作用是国防，因此“prtect”最符合语境。故选B。
5．句意：1970年，由于黄旭华和他的团队的辛勤努力，中国第一艘核潜艇投入使用，其表现比美国1954年建造的第一艘核潜艇更好。
accepted接受（accept的过去式和过去分词）；ran跑（run的过去式）； described描述（describe的过去式和过去分词）；perfrmed表现（perfrm的过去式和过去分词）。“perfrm”指设备性能表现，符合技术对比语境。故选D。
6．句意：2018年，黄旭华获得了“世界有影响力的中国人”这一称号。
challenge挑战；title称号；attentin注意；chance机会。“Influential Chinese”是一个荣誉称号，故选B。
7．句意：77年，他因在科学领域的杰出工作而获得国家科学技术奖。
hnest诚实的；humrus幽默的；utstanding杰出的；cnfident自信的。国家科技奖表彰卓越贡献，“utstanding”最贴切。故选C。
8．句意：黄旭华将他所有的努力都投入到中国科学技术的长期发展中。
effrts努力；pwer力量；spirits精神；thught想法。“put effrts int”为固定搭配，强调奉献。故选A。
9．句意：黄旭华将他所有的努力都投入到中国科学技术的长期发展中，尤其是在核潜艇研究方面。
especially尤其；cmpletely完全地；actually实际上；generally一般地。此处强调核潜艇领域的突出贡献，“especially”最合适。故选A。
10．句意：黄旭华捐赠了2000多万元（约274万美元）的收入来支持科学研究、科学教育项目和学校。
gave away捐赠（give away的过去式）； gave ff发出（give ff的过去式）；gave ut分发（give ut的过去式）；gave up放弃（give up的过去式）。“捐款”固定用“gave away”。故选A。
3.（2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。
In the fast-changing wrld f technlgy, Liang Wenfeng is a rising star. He funded DeepSeek, an AI cmpany that has made a great difference t the wrld 1 .
Liang Wenfeng was brn in the 1980s in a small twn in Guangdng. Frm a yung age, he shwed great 2 in math and cmputers. He studied hard and gt int Zhejiang University, where he studied cmputer science.
After graduating, Liang Wenfeng started his career in the financial field. He made 3 mney. This made him famus in the investment (投资) wrld. Hwever, he was nt 4 with this success and decided t make a big change.
In 2023, he 5 DeepSeek. He put a lt f effrt and mney int develping advanced AI technlgies. DeepSeek’s gal is t 6 pwerful AI mdels that can cmpete with the best in the wrld. And it has achieved great success. Its AI mdels have 7 language prcessing abilities. They can answer different questins and help with writing cde, which makes them very 8 .
The wide 9 f DeepSeek has made Liang Wenfeng respected in the glbal tech cmmunity. But he is still lw-key. Thugh very successful, he still fcuses n his wrk and 10 making AI gd fr everyne. His stry shws that with hard wrk, talent and curage t take risks, great things can be dne in technlgy.
1．A．greatlyB．wiselyC．highlyD．heavily
2．A．skillB．knwledgeC．imprvementD．talent
3．A．plenty fB．littleC．a littleD．n
4．A．strictB．satisfiedC．familiarD．bred
5．A．set utB．tk upC．set upD．tk ut
6．A．discverB．cpyC．createD．get
7．A．weakB．stupidC．strngD．difficult
8．A．expensiveB．difficultC．cmfrtableD．ppular
9．A．resultB．useC．factD．tl
10．A．reminds fB．dreams fC．hears fD．speaks f
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了梁文锋和他的公司DeepSeek。
1．句意：他创立了DeepSeek，这是一家对世界产生巨大影响的人工智能公司。
greatly很大；wisely明智地；highly高度地；heavily重地。根据“made a great difference t the wrld”可知，是产生了巨大的影响。故选A。
2．句意：从很小的时候起，他就在数学和计算机方面表现出了巨大的天赋。
skill技巧；knwledge知识；imprvement进步；talent天赋。根据“he shwed math and cmputers.”可知，是对数学和计算机有很大的天赋。故选D。
3．句意：他赚了很多钱。
plenty f大量的；little很少的；a little一点；n没有。根据“This made him famus in the investment (投资) wrld”可知，是赚了很多钱。故选A。
4．句意：然而，他对这一成功并不满意，并决定做出重大改变。
strict严格的；satisfied满意的；familiar熟悉的；bred无聊的。根据“decided t make a big change.”可知，是对这一成功并不满意。故选B。
5．句意：2023年，他创立了DeepSeek。
set ut出发；tk up拿起；set up创立；tk ut获得。根据“He funded DeepSeek,”可知，是他创立了DeepSeek。故选C。
6．句意：DeepSeek的目标是创建能够与世界上最好的AI模型竞争的强大AI模型。
discver发现；cpy复制；create创造；get得到。根据“pwerful AI mdels”可知，是创建强大的AI模型。故选C。
7．句意：其AI模型具有强大的语言处理能力。
weak弱的；stupid愚蠢的；strng强大的；difficult困难的。根据“They can answer different questins”可知，是有强大的语言处理能力。故选C。
8．句意：它们可以回答不同的问题并帮助编写代码，这使它们非常受欢迎。
expensive昂贵的；difficult困难的；cmfrtable舒服的；ppular受欢迎的。根据“The wide use f DeepSeek”可知，DeepSeek非常受欢迎。故选D。
9．句意：DeepSeek的广泛使用使梁文锋在全球科技界备受尊敬。
result结果；use应用；fact事实；tl工具。根据“The DeepSeek”可知，是DeepSeek的广泛应用。故选B。
10．句意：虽然非常成功，但他仍然专注于自己的工作，并梦想着让人工智能造福于每个人。
reminds f提醒；dreams f梦想；hears f听说；speaks f谈到。根据“making AI gd fr everyne.”可知，是梦想让人工智能造福于每个人。故选B。
4.（2025·湖北黄冈·二模）.
Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, was brn in Guangdng Prvince in 1926. When he was yung, he saw the hard times f his cuntry under freign attacks. He decided t make the cuntry strng with his knwledge.
In the 1950s, China started t develp nuclear submarines (核潜艇), it was a tugh jb. But Huang and his team tk n this challenge. T keep the prject secret, they stpped cntacting (联络) the utside wrld, even their families. Huang left his hmetwn fr many years.
During the design prcess, they met a lt f prblems. Fr example, designing a nuclear reactr (核反应堆) was really hard. They culdn’t get help frm freign experts, s they culd nly use simple tls like abacuses (算盘) and slide rules (计算尺) t calculate (计算) and d experiments. After many tried, they finally slved these prblems.
In the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully. China became ne f the few cuntries that had this ability. Hwever, Huang kept helping t develp submarine technlgy. His hard wrk and devtin (贡献) wn him many hnrs, including the “Medal f the Republic” in 2019.
Huang passed away n February 6th, 2025. But we, especially the yung peple, shuld learn frm his spirit. Let’s take n the respnsibility, face challenges bravely, and wrk hard t make China strnger. In this way, his spirit will live n frever.
1．What’s the meaning f the underlined wrd “tugh” in Paragraph 2?
A．easyB．simpleC．difficultD．bring
2．Why did Huang Xuhua and his team stp cntacting the utside wrld?
A．Because they were t busy.B．T keep secret f the nuclear submarines.
C．Because they lst cntact infrmatin.D．T fcus n learning freign technlgy.
3．Which tls did Huang’s team use fr calculatins?
A．Mdern cmputers.B．Mdern experiments.
C．Abacuses and slide rules.D．Freign experts’ help.
4．Accrding t the passage, it is clear that ________.
A．Huang was nt hardwrking when he was yung
B．Huang lived with his families while wrking with his team
C．Huang and his team slved many prblems with mdern tls
D．Huang wn many hnrs because f his wrk and devtin
5．What is the article mainly abut?
A．Huang’s strng will and devtin.B．Hw t becme a scientist.
C．Huang’s terrible childhd.D．Hw t win hnrs.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了黄旭华的坚强意志和奉献精神，以及他在中国核潜艇发展中的重要作用。
1．词义猜测题。根据上下文“In the 1950s, China started t develp nuclear submarines, it was a tugh jb.”可知，开发核潜艇是一项艰巨的任务，因此“tugh”意为“困难的”。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“T keep the prject secret, they stpped cntacting (联络) the utside wrld, even their families”可知，黄旭华和他的团队停止与外界联系是为了保持核潜艇项目的机密性。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“They culdn’t get help frm freign experts, s they culd nly use simple tls like abacuses (算盘) and slide rules (计算尺) t calculate (计算) and d experiments.”可知，黄旭华的团队使用了算盘和计算尺进行计算。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“His hard wrk and devtin (贡献) wn him many hnrs, including the ‘Medal f the Republic’ in 2019.”可知，黄旭华因其工作和贡献赢得了许多荣誉。故选D。
5．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了黄旭华的坚强意志和奉献精神，以及他在中国核潜艇发展中的重要作用。故选A。
5.（2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）Nwadays, an increasing number f yung peple are ding amazing things. Fur f them are especially eye-catching. These yung peple are extremely cnfident and have a clear idea f what they want t d. Once they start wrking n smething, they spare n effrt and never give in. They hld big dreams, but they als wrk hard every day t realize their dreams. They set gd examples fr yung peple and make a great difference t technlgy and culture.
1．Why is Wang Xingxing’s wrk imprtant?
A．Because he is a famus mvie directr.B．Because he created a ppular vide game.
C．Because his wrk has received high praise.D．Because his wrk help peple in many ways.
2．What is the meaning f “enhancing” in the cntext f cultural cnfidence?
A．T fallB．T increaseC．T reduceD．T hide
3．What d Liang Wenfeng, Jiazi, Wang Xingxing, and Feng Ji have in cmmn?
A．They all wrk hard t realize their dreams.B．They all funded wrld-famus cmpanies.
C．They all graduated frm the tp universities.D．They are all famus fr their wrk in technlgy
4．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．The develpment f AI technlgy.B．The ppularity f Chinese animatin.
C．The achievements f fur yung peple.D．The imprtance f technlgy and culture.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了四位中国年轻人，梁文峰、饺子、王兴兴、冯骥，在科技和文化领域取得的成就，强调他们的自信、努力和对梦想的追求，以及对社会的积极影响。
1．细节理解题。根据“Many peple lved their prducts because they are very useful. They can wrk in dangerus places instead f humans. In the future, they may becme ut gd helpers in daily life.”可知，王兴兴的作品之所以重要，是因为机器人不仅能在危险环境中代替人类工作，也能在将来帮助人们日常生活，可见他的作品在多方面帮助到人们。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据“His creatin nt nly enriches the cntent f Chinese cultural prducts but als helps t spread Chinese traditinal culture arund the wrld, enhancing cultural cnfidence.”可知，冯骥的游戏《黑悟空》不仅丰富了中国文化产品的内容，而且有助于在世界范围内传播中国传统文化，增强了文化自信，因此划线词“enhancing”意为“增强”。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据“These yung peple are extremely cnfident and have a clear idea f what they want t d. Once they start wrking n smething, they spare n effrt and never give in.”可知，他们的共同点是自信且努力实现梦想。故选A。
4．主旨大意题。根据“They bring that yung peple will fllw their lead, making significant cntributins t technlgy and culture.”及通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了四位年轻人在科技和文化领域的贡献。故选C。
6.（2025·浙江金华·模拟）The Spring Festival Gala is a very ppular shw during Chinese New Year. In recent years, the “Yang Bt” shw made many peple interested. It became ne f the mst talked-abut prgrams. It was made by Unitree Rbtics. This cmpany is really gd at making rbts. The persn behind this great thing is Wang Xingxing. He is the funder f Unitree Rbtics, and his stry can teach us a lt.
Wang Xingxing liked rbts very much when he was a kid. This strng interest made him study things abut rbts hard. When he went t cllege, he chse mechanical engineering. He had a clear dream: t make smething new in the rbtics industry. In cllege, he didn’t just learn frm textbks. He ften went t the library t find new bks and research abut rbts. When he had prblems in study r experiments, he was brave and faced them. He knew that nly by facing prblems culd he get better.
After graduating, Wang Xingxing started his wn cmpany, Unitree Rbtics. At first, it was very hard. There was nt enugh mney, and it was difficult t find gd team members. But he didn’t give up. He used his wn mney t rent a small wrkshp and lked fr peple wh thught the same way.
He believed in his idea fr Unitree Rbtics. He wanted t make rbts that culd d hard jbs and talk t peple well. T d this, he needed a team with different skills. S he talked t many peple, lking fr thse wh lved rbtics and culd design.
When making the cmpany’s prducts, there were lts f technical prblems. Fr example, making rbts balance and mve easily was very hard. Wang Xingxing and his team wrked lng hurs t fix and make the prgrams better. Smetimes they wrked all night because they wanted t be successful.
After sme time, Unitree Rbtics became famus. Their prducts were used in many places, like entertainment, rescue, and delivery. This was a big step fr Wang Xingxing and his team. But he knew it was just the start.
Nw, Unitree Rbtics is becming a well-knwn brand arund the wrld because f Wang Xingxing’s strng will and gd leadership.
1．Why did Wang Xingxing chse t study mechanical engineering in cllege?
A．His family frced him t study engineering.
B．He wanted t wrk in a big cmpany after graduatin.
C．His childhd passin fr rbts guided his decisin.
D．Mechanical engineering was the easiest majr t study.
2．What can we infer abut the peple Wang Xingxing wanted fr his team?
A．They needed t have famus backgrunds.
B．They shuld share his ideas and wn creative skills.
C．They were required t make much mney in the cmpany.
D．They needed t wrk nly part-time.
3．What is the main reasn fr Unitree Rbtics’ glbal success?
A．Large amunts f mney frm teammates.
B．Wang Xingxing’s strng will and leadership.
C．The cmpany’s fcus n lw-cst prducts.
D．A sudden increase in market requirement f rbts.
4．What des Wang Xingxing’s stry teach us abut achieving gals?
A．Success depends mstly n luck.
B．Aviding challenges leads t quick success.
C．Cpying thers’ ideas is the best way.
D．A lt f effrt and facing difficulties are imprtant.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了王兴兴从对机器人的热爱到创办Unitree Rbtics公司并取得全球成功的故事，展现了他在机器人领域的坚持与创新精神。通过他的经历，我们可以学到实现目标所需的努力和面对困难的重要性。
1．细节理解题。根据“Wang Xingxing liked rbts very much when he was a kid. This strng interest made him study things abut rbts hard. When he went t cllege, he chse mechanical engineering.”可知，他选择机械工程是因为童年对机器人的热爱引导了他的决定。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据“He wanted t make rbts that culd d hard jbs and talk t peple well. T d this, he needed a team with different skills.”可知，王兴兴希望他的团队成员具备不同的技能，并且热爱机器人设计。由此可以推断，他希望团队成员与他有共同的想法，并拥有创造性技能，这样才能实现他的目标。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“Nw, Unitree Rbtics is becming a well-knwn brand arund the wrld because f Wang Xingxing’s strng will and gd leadership.”可知，Unitree Rbtics的成功主要归功于王兴兴的坚强意志和良好的领导力。故选B。
4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，王兴兴的故事告诉我们，实现目标需要付出大量努力并勇于面对困难。他在创业过程中遇到了资金不足、技术难题等挑战，但他始终坚持自己的梦想，带领团队克服困难，最终取得了成功。故选D。
热点05 李子柒回归
1.（24-25九年级上·江苏南京·期末）After three years away, Li Ziqi, ne f the mst ppular Chinese vide blggers, made a(n) 1 cmeback n Tuesday afternn. Li’s return nt nly quickly became the httest tpic nline, but als 2 the wrld’s attentin back t the treasure f Chinese traditinal culture.
Li Ziqi, brn in 1990 in Sichuan Prvince in suthwest China, began 3 shrt vides in a peaceful style in 2015. In these vides, Li shared beautiful scenes f life in the cuntryside, traditinal cking, and cultural 4 like making ink and clthes. She quickly received widespread attentin nline. 5 Li stpped vide updates in 2021, she still had nearly 100 millin fllwers acrss China’s tp fur scial media platfrms. “I still enjy sharing my life and meaningful cultural traditins 6 everyne,” Li said during an interview with Xinhua.
Li said the lifestyle she enjys will be a theme f her vides. Over the past three years, she has learned t play the pian, 7 herself t handicrafts (手工艺品), planted many plants and fruits, and traveled with her grandmther.
Many fans filled her cmment sectin (评论区) with 8 saying they were excited t see her back. While reading the cmments frm peple arund the wrld, expressing their blessings (祝福) and 9 they missed her in their wn languages, she said, “I am s tuched by this. They als shared sme f their lcal custms, animals and plants, r sme interesting childhd stries. I really enjy reading these kinds f cmments, and I miss them a lt t.”
“Internet, shrt vide, technlgies including AI, all these things can be used t shw my life and spread culture, s I want t keep ging and see if I culd 10 sme new rads,” Li explained her future wrk plans in a recent interview.
1．A．relaxingB．interestingC．surprisingD．lasting
2．A．attractedB．attackedC．markedD．prved
3．A．playingB．creatingC．reprtingD．rganizing
4．A．skillsB．marksC．dreamsD．events
5．A．BecauseB．SinceC．AlthughD．Until
6．A．withB．tC．frD．f
7．A．believedB．expressedC．enjyedD．devted
8．A．bksB．resultsC．speechesD．messages
9．A．hw lngB．hw muchC．hw manyD．hw heavy
10．A．shw upB．clean upC．pen upD．cheer up
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．D 9．B 10．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了阔别三年后中国最受欢迎的视频博主之一李子柒回归，分享自己在中国农村的生活，继续传播中国传统文化。
1．句意：阔别三年后，中国最受欢迎的视频博主之一李子柒于周二下午惊人回归。
relaxing令人放松的；interesting有趣的；surprising令人吃惊的；lasting持续的。根据下文“Li stpped vide updates in 2021”可知，她在2021年停止了视频更新，故而现在回归是令人吃惊的。故选C。
2．句意：李子柒的回归不仅迅速成为网上最热门的话题，也吸引世界的目光重新回到了中国传统文化的瑰宝上。
attracted吸引；attacked袭击；marked做标记；prved证明。根据“ wrld’s attentin back t the treasure f Chinese traditinal culture.”可知，她的回归吸引世界的目光重新回到了中国传统文化的瑰宝上。故选A。
3．句意：李子柒，1990年出生于中国西南部的四川省，2015年开始以平和的方式创作短视频。
playing玩；creating创造；reprting报道；rganizing组织。根据“ vides in a peaceful style in 2015.”可知，她创作短视频。故选B。
4．句意：在这些视频中，李分享了美丽的乡村生活场景、传统烹饪以及像制墨、制衣等文化技艺。
skills技艺；marks标记；dreams梦想；events事件。根据“like making ink and clthes.”可知，制墨、制衣这些都属于文化技艺。故选A。
5．句意：虽然李子柒在2021年停止了视频更新，但她在中国四大社交媒体平台上仍然拥有近亿粉丝。
Because因为；Since既然；Althugh虽然；Until直到。根据空后两句关系可知，表让步，需Althugh来引导让步状语从句。故选C。
6．句意：“我仍然喜欢与大家分享我的生活和有意义的文化传统，” 李在接受新华社采访时说。
with带着；t到；fr为；f……的。根据“I still enjy sharing my life and meaningful cultural ”可知，她喜欢把我的生活和有意义的文化传统分享给大家，share sth. with sb.表示“与某人分享某物”，固定搭配。故选A。
7．句意：在过去的三年里，她学会了弹钢琴，致力于做手工艺品，种植了许多植物和水果，还和祖母一起旅行。
believed相信；expressed表达；enjyed喜欢；devted奉献。根据“ t handicrafts (手工艺品)”可知，她致力于做手工艺品。devte neself. t...表示“致力于……”，固定搭配。故选D。
8．句意：许多粉丝在她的评论区留言说很高兴看到她回来。
bks书；results结果；speeches演讲；messages消息。根据“Many fans filled her cmment sectin (评论区) with...”可知，此处指评论区里的留言。故选D。
9．句意：读着世界各地人们的评论，表达他们的祝福，并用他们自己的语言表达他们有多么想念她。
hw lng多长；hw much多少，修饰不可数名词；hw many多少，修饰可数名词；hw heavy多重。根据“ missed her in their wn languages”可知，并用他们自己的语言表达他们有多么想念她，表达想念的程度。故选B。
10．句意：“互联网、短视频、人工智能等技术，这些都可以用来展示我的生活，传播文化，所以我想继续走下去，看看能不能开辟一些新的路。”
shw up出现；clean up清洗；pen up打开；cheer up欢呼。根据“s I want t keep ging and see if I new rads”可知，她想要打开一些新的路。故选C。
2.（24-25九年级上·重庆沙坪坝·阶段练习）Li Ziqi is widely knwn fr her vides that shw Chinese traditinal culture. Her jurney t fame is truly encuraging. She had a hard life in her childhd, but she didn’t let these 1 stp her lve fr life. Living in the cuntryside, she came t find the beauty f Chinese rural life. And she started sharing the beauty with the wrld by making vides abut 2 t make Chinese traditinal fd and handicrafts.
In sme f her vides, she grew vegetables in spring. She 3 them, harvested (收获) in autumn and finally made them int delicius fd n the table. She carefully shwed every step in her vides and all the steps were cmpleted n her wn. 4 helped her. It seemed that she was living in an ancient Chinese fairy tale. Mst peple tday are facing much stress in wrk and life. After watching her beautiful and peaceful vides, they can get 5 at the end f a busy day. That’s why millins f peple are really interested in her wrks.
Hwever, things didn’t always g well. In 2021, she stpped psting new vides 6 she met sme prblems. Her fans were very sad. They waited fr her return. During her absence, the Internet seemed t be less interesting 7 her new wrks. Finally, in 2024, Li Ziqi came back. She brught a new vide which was abut Chinese intangible cultural heritage—lacquerware (漆器). This made her 8 again.
Li Ziqi has dne a great jb in passing dwn Chinese traditinal culture. Thrugh her wrks, the yung Chinese peple can better 9 its beauty. She has als becme a cultural ambassadr, playing an imprtant rle in the 10 f Chinese culture arund the wrld. Mre and mre freigners are getting t knw Chinese traditins and ways f life.
1．A．difficultiesB．mistakesC．questinsD．dubts
2．A．whyB．whenC．hwD．where
3．A．tk awayB．lked afterC．wrried abutD．thught f
4．A．NbdyB．AnybdyC．SmebdyD．Everybdy
5．A．relaxedB．bredC．surprisedD．scared
6．A．butB．thughC．sD．because
7．A．withB．withutC．tD．frm
8．A．hardB．prperC．painfulD．ppular
9．A．meanB．cntrlC．frgetD．understand
10．A．backgrundB．spreadC．purpseD．chice
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．D 10．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了李子柒以展示中国乡村生活和传统技艺的视频而闻名，促进了中国传统文化在世界各地的传播。
1．句意：她的童年生活很艰苦，但她没有让这些困难阻止她对生活的热爱。
difficulties困难；mistakes错误；questins问题；dubts疑问。根据“She had a hard life in her childhd, but she didn’t let these ... stp her lve fr life.”可知，她的童年生活很艰苦，但这些困难没有阻止她对生活的热爱。故选A。
2．句意：她开始通过拍摄如何制作中国传统食物和手工艺品的视频，与世界分享中国的美。
why为什么；when什么时候；hw怎么；where哪里。根据“vides abut ... t make Chinese traditinal fd and handicrafts”可知，她的视频是关于如何制作中国传统食物和手工艺品的。故选C。
3．句意：她照顾它们，在秋天收割，最后把它们做成餐桌上的美味佳肴。
tk away拿走；lked after照顾；wrried abut担心；thught f认为。根据“she grew vegetables in spring. She ... them, harvested (收获) in autumn”可知，她春天种菜，然后悉心照顾它们，秋天收割。故选B。
4．句意：没有人帮助她。
Nbdy没有人；Anybdy任何人；Smebdy某人；Everybdy每个人。根据“all the steps were cmpleted n her wn”可知，所有的步骤都是她自己完成的，即没有人帮助她。故选A。
5．句意：在看完她美好而宁静的视频后，他们可以在结束忙碌的一天时放松一下。
relaxed放松的；bred无聊的；surprised惊讶的；scared害怕的。根据“they can get ... at the end f a busy day”可知，看她美好而宁静的视频可以让他们放松。故选A。
6．句意：206年，由于遇到了一些问题，她停止发布新视频。
but但是；thugh虽然；s所以；because因为。根据“she stpped psting new vides ... she met sme prblems”可知，“她遇到了一些问题”是“她停止发布新视频”的原因，用because表示“因为”。故选D。
7．句意：在她离开的这段时间里，没有她的新作品，互联网似乎变得不那么有趣了。
with和；withut没有；t到；frm来自。根据“the Internet seemed t be less interesting ... her new wrks”可知，没有她的新作品，互联网似乎变得不那么有趣了。故选B。
8．句意：这使她再次受到欢迎。
hard困难的；prper适当的；painful痛苦的；ppular受欢迎的。根据“This made her ... again.”可知，这使她再次受到欢迎。故选D。
9．句意：通过她的作品，中国的年轻人可以更好地理解它的美。
mean意味着；cntrl控制；frget忘记；understand理解。根据“Thrugh her wrks, the yung Chinese peple can better ... its beauty.”可知，通过她的作品，中国的年轻人可以更好的理解传统文化的美。故选D。
10．句意：她还成为了一名文化大使，在中国文化在世界各地的传播中发挥着重要作用。
backgrund背景；spread传播；purpse目的；chice选择。根据“She has als becme a cultural ambassadr”可知，她成为了文化大使，可以推断她在中国文化的传播中发挥重要作用。故选B。
3.（24-25九年级上·辽宁盘锦·期末）After a three-year break, the famus Chinese vlgger (视频博主) Li Ziqi came back. This made a lt f peple very excited n the Internet.
On Tuesday afternn, she put ut tw vides n scial media platfrms bth in China and abrad. In ne vide, she spent several mnths carefully fixing her grandmther’s wardrbe (衣橱). She used traditinal Chinese lacquerware (漆器) skills t d this. These skills are part f ur intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). In the ther vide, she changed a wdshed int a really nice clakrm in the wds.
Her return quickly became a very ppular tpic nline. By Wednesday mrning, the vide abut the lacquerware had gt 120 millin views n Sina Weib and mre than 4 millin views n YuTube. Fans frm all ver the wrld were really happy t see her back. Many f them said they had been waiting fr her fr three years. Sme were even s excited that they cried.
Since 2015, Li Ziqi has been famus fr her shrt vides. These vides shwed rural life, hw t make traditinal fd, and sme cultural things like embridery and dyeing (刺绣和染色). The peaceful life in the village and the warm mments with her grandmther in her vides made a lt f peple like her. In February 2021, she set a Guinness Wrld Recrd. Her YuTube channel was the Chinese-language channel with the mst subscribers (用户). There were 14.1 millin subscribers at that time. Even when she wasn’t making vides fr a while, mre and mre peple started t fllw her. Nw, she has an amazing 20.1 millin subscribers n YuTube.
In general, Li Ziqi has dne a great jb in intrducing Chinese traditinal culture t the wrld and is lved by many peple everywhere.
1．What traditinal skill did Li Ziqi use when fixing her grandmther’s wardrbe?
A．Embridery skill.B．Dyeing skill.
C．Traditinal Chinese lacquerware skills.D．Wd carving skill.
2．Which is the structure f the article?
A．①②/③④⑤B．①/②③/④⑤C．①②③/④⑤D．①/②③④/⑤
3．What’s the rle f the third paragraph in the article?
A．It mainly describes the prcess f hw Li Ziqi made her new vides.
B．It fcuses n shwing the high ppularity f Li Ziqi’s new vides.
C．It talks abut the difficulties Li Ziqi met when shting the new vides.
D．It intrduces the new skills Li Ziqi plans t learn fr future vides.
4．What is the main idea f this article?
A．T intrduce the beautiful rural scenery in Li Ziqi’s vides.
B．T shw hw Li Ziqi learned traditinal Chinese skills.
C．T tell abut Li Ziqi’s return and her influence in Chinese traditinal culture.
D．T cmpare Li Ziqi’s ppularity at hme and abrad.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了李子柒时隔三年重新回归短视频，总结了她取得的成就，赞扬她对中国传统文化的传播做出的贡献。
1．细节理解题。根据“ spent several mnths carefully fixing her grandmther’s wardrbe. She used traditinal Chinese lacquerware skills t d this.”可知，李子柒用了中国传统的漆器技术来修理祖母的衣橱，故选C。
2．篇章结构题。第一段主要讲了李子柒时隔三年回归；第二、三、四段表明李子柒的回归视频获得了巨大的关注，并且介绍了李子柒的特色和她取得的成就；第五段总结李子柒传播了中国传统文化，受到世界各地人的喜欢。故选D。
3．主旨大意题。根据“the vide abut the lacquerware had gt 120 millin views n Sina Weib and mre than 4 millin views n YuTube. Fans frm all ver the wrld were really happy t see her back.”可知，这段主要介绍了李子柒的回归视频受到了巨大的关注和欢迎。故选B。
4．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了李子柒时隔三年重新回归短视频，并表达了李子柒对中国传统文化的传播做出了极大的贡献。故选C。
4.（24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）
Explring Lacquerware with Li Ziqi
Li Ziqi made a surprising cmeback n Tuesday afternn after mre than three years away. She psted a new vide n scial media shwing hw she made wardrbe (衣柜) drs using traditinal Chinese lacquerware (漆器) techniques (技艺), an imprtant cultural heritage. This news quickly became a tpic amng netizens, as peple were excited abut her return and amazed by the cmplexity (复杂性) f lacquerware, which requires great skill and patience.
In the vide, Li climbs trees arund 20 meters tall t cllect the sap (汁液) herself. This prcess is quite dangerus bth due t the height and because the sap is harmful. Lacquer sap is cllected frm lacquer trees by making small cuts in the bark, called “lacquer muths.” Only trees lder than ten years are used. The sap flws slwly and is carefully cllected, cleaned, and stirred befre being ready fr use in lacquer art. Once the sap is prepared, it cannt be applied directly t bjects. As shwn in her vide, the lacquer must be mixed with pigments (颜料，色素).
Creating lacquerware is a careful prcess. First, several layers f lacquer are applied t a surface, with each layer drying befre the next is added. Once enugh layers are applied, the surface is plished t a smth finish.
Next, artists carve intricate designs int the lacquer with small tls, creating raised patterns. After carving, the piece is sanded, plished, and wiped t give it a shiny finish. Li’s wrk is even mre cmplex than usual—she rubbed the items with alchl and used ink rubbing techniques t enhance the patterns, making the prcess even mre time-cnsuming and expensive.
There are tw main types f lacquer art: surface decratin and carved lacquer. Li used bth in her wrk. Althugh mdern techniques have emerged (显现), traditinal lacquer methds are still highly respected. With vlggers and artists like Li Ziqi, the future f lacquerware lks bright.
1．What makes Li Ziqi’s return a tpic amng netizens?
A．Her return after mre than three years away.B．The lacquerware techniques she shared.
C．Netizens’ interest in cultural heritage.D．Bth A and B are crrect answers.
2．What are “lacquer muths”?
A．Small cups used t hld lacquer sap.B．Tls used t carve patterns in lacquerware.
C．Small cuts made in the bark f lacquer trees t cllect sap.D．Brushes used t apply lacquer.
3．Which f the fllwing is the crrect sequence f steps fr making the sap ready?
① Stir the lacquer ② Cllect the lacquer ③ Cut the tree bark
④ Mix with pigments ⑤ Clean the lacquer
A．③②⑤①④B．②③⑤①④C．③⑤②①④D．①④②③⑤
4．Which f the fllwing statements is crrect accrding t the passage?
A．Artists carve the pattern befre applying any lacquer layers.
B．The item is plished mre than twice t achieve a smth finish.
C．Several layers f lacquer are applied t create raised patterns.
D．Li added extra steps t make the prcess mre time-cnsuming and expensive.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了李子柒时隔三年重新回归短视频，总结了她取得的成就，赞扬她对中国传统文化的传播做出的贡献。
1．细节理解题。根据“This news quickly became a tpic amng netizens, as peple were excited abut her return and amazed by the cmplexity (复杂性) f lacquerware, which requires great skill and patience.”可知，李子柒因复出和展示的漆器技艺成为网友讨论的话题，故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“Lacquer sap is cllected frm lacquer trees by making small cuts in the bark, called ‘lacquer muths.’”可知，漆树的汁液是通过在树皮上做一个小切口来收集的，这个小切口被称为“漆口”。因此“Lacquer muths” 是在漆树树皮上切割的小口，用于收集漆液。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“In the vide, Li climbs trees arund 20 meters tall t cllect the sap (汁液) herself. ... Lacquer sap is cllected frm lacquer trees by making small cuts in the bark,”；“The sap flws slwly and is carefully cllected, cleaned, and stirred befre being ready fr use in lacquer art.”以及“As shwn in her vide, the lacquer must be mixed with pigments (颜料，色素).”可知，制备漆液的过程按照文章顺序应该是先切开树皮(③)，收集漆液(②)，清洁漆液(⑤)，搅拌漆液(①)，最后与颜料混合(④)，故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据“Li’s wrk is even mre cmplex than usual—she rubbed the items with alchl and used ink rubbing techniques t enhance the patterns, making the prcess even mre time-cnsuming and expensive.”可知，李子柒在制作过程中增加了额外的步骤，比如使用酒精摩擦和墨水技法，使得整个过程更耗时和昂贵。故选D。
5.（2025·江苏扬州·一模）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。(每空一词)
After three years away, Li Ziqi, ne f the mst ppular Chinese vide blggers, made a surprising cmeback n Tuesday afternn. Li’s return nt nly quickly became the h 1 tpic nline, but als attracted the wrld’s attentin back t the treasure f Chinese traditinal culture.
Li Ziqi, brn in 1990 in Sichuan Prvince in suthwest China, began c 2 shrt vides in a peaceful style in 2015. In these vides, Li shared beautiful scenes f life in the cuntryside, traditinal cking, and cultural skills l 3 making ink and clthes. She quickly received widespread attentin nline, A 4 Li stpped vide updates in 2021, she still had nearly 100 millin fllwers acrss China’s tp fur scial media platfrms. “I still enjy s 5 my life and meaningful cultural traditins with everyne,” Li said during an interview with Xinhua.
Li said the lifestyle she enjys will be a theme f her vides. Over the past three years, she has learned t play the pian, devted h 6 t handicrafts (手工艺品), planted many plants and fruits, and traveled with her grandmther.
Many fans fllw her cmment sectin (评论区) with messages s 7 they were excited t see her back. While reading the cmments frm peple arund the wrld, expressing their blessings (祝福) and hw much they missed her in their wn languages, she said, “I am s tuched by this. They als shared sme f their l 8 custms, animals and plants, r sme interesting childhd stries. I really enjy reading these kinds f cmments, and I miss them a lt t.”
“Internet, shrt vide, technlgies i 9 AI, all these things can be used t shw my life and spread culture, s I want t keep ging and see if I culd 10 up sme new rads,” Li explained her future wrk plans in a recent interview.
【答案】1．(h)ttest 2．(c)reating 3．(l)ike 4．(A)lthugh 5．(s)haring 6．(h)erself 7．(s)aying 8．(l)cal 9．(i)ncluding 10．()pen
【导语】本文主要介绍了网红李子柒的经历、回归及未来工作计划，讲述她通过短视频分享中国传统文化的故事，以及粉丝对其回归的反应。
1．句意：李子柒的回归不仅迅速成为网上最热门的话题，还吸引了全世界对中国传统文化瑰宝的关注。结合语境和首字母，此处表达“热门的”，应用ht的最高级httest，the httest tpic“最热门的话题”。故填(h)ttest。
2．句意：李子柒1990年出生于中国西南部的四川省，2015年开始创作风格平和的短视频。begin ding sth“开始做某事”，结合首字母及“shrt vides”可知，此处用create的动名词形式creating，表示“创作”。故填(c)reating。
3．句意：在这些视频中，李子柒分享了乡村生活的美丽场景、传统烹饪，以及制作墨水和衣服等文化技能。结合语境和首字母，此处举例说明文化技能，like可表示“比如”。故填(l)ike。
4．句意：尽管李子柒在2021年停止了视频更新，但她在中国四大社交媒体平台上仍拥有近1亿粉丝 。结合前后句，此处表让步，由首字母可知用Althugh，意为“尽管”。故填(A)lthugh。
5．句意：我仍然喜欢和大家分享我的生活和有意义的文化传统。enjy ding sth“喜欢做某事”，根据“my life and meaningful cultural traditins with everyne”及首字母，可知用share的动名词形式sharing，表示“分享”。故填(s)haring。
6．句意：在过去的三年里，她学会了弹钢琴，致力于手工艺品制作，种植了许多植物和水果，并和奶奶一起旅行。devte neself t sth“致力于某事”，此处主语是she，其反身代词为herself。故填(h)erself。
7．句意：许多粉丝在她的评论区留言，表示看到她回来很兴奋。此处messages与“they were excited t see her back”是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，由首字母可知用saying，表示“表达；说明”。故填(s)aying。
8．句意：他们还分享了一些当地的习俗、动植物，或者一些有趣的童年故事。结合语境和首字母，此处用形容词lcal“当地的”修饰名词custms。故填(l)cal。
9．句意：互联网、短视频、包括人工智能在内的技术，所有这些都可以用来展示我的生活和传播文化。结合语境和首字母，此处用介词including“包括”，后接名词AI。故填(i)ncluding。
10．句意：所以我想继续下去，看看能否开辟一些新道路。pen up“开辟；开创”，culd是情态动词，后接动词原形。故填()pen。
6.（2025·江苏淮安·一模）阅读回答问题
Li Ziqi is here again t share stries.
Li Ziqi is back! After a break f mre than three years, ne f China’s mst ppular influencers finally returned n Nvember 12th.
Li came back with tw new vides. One tells hw she changed a shed int a clakrm, and the ther shws hw she used the intangible cultural heritage f Chinese lacquerware techniques t make wardrbe drs. These vides helped peple understand the wisdm f Chinese peple and appreciate the beauty f Chinese culture.
Fans frm arund the wrld were excited abut her return. “I’ve missed yu and yur grandma. S glad yu came back, s happy,” wrte ne fan n YuTube.
“I went t mre than 20 prvinces and visited ver 100 intangible cultural heritage inheritrs,” Li tld Xinhua abut the past three years. She talked with them, studied their skills and learned the stries behind their wrk. Nw, she wants t share their stries with the wrld thrugh her vides.
Why d peple still like her s much even thugh she was away fr ver three years?
“Tday, everyne is busy and there’s n time fr rest. But she slws dwn and learns nly ne thing,” said ne fan.
Accrding t Suthern Weekly, peple lve Li’s vides because they want t live a simple and slw life. This desire is timeless, just like peple’s lve fr Henry David Threau’s bk Walden, which als talks abut living simply in nature.
1．Hw lng has Li Ziqi been away frm the Internet?

2．Hw did her fans feel abut Li Ziqi’s return?

3．What did Li Ziqi d when she visited the intangible cultural heritage inheritrs?

4．Why d peple lve Li’s vides?

5．In yur pinin, what can we learn frm Li Ziqi?

【答案】1．Li Ziqi has been away frm the Internet fr mre than three years. 2．Her fans were very excited abut her return. 3．She talked with them, studied their skills and learned the stries behind their wrk. 4．Because they want t live a simple and slw life. 5．Frm Li Ziqi, we can learn the imprtance f patience and dedicatin.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了中国知名网红李子柒停更三年后回归网络，通过新视频传播中国传统文化及粉丝对其回归的反应。
1．根据文章第2段“After a break f mre than three years”（在停更三年多后）可推知，李子柒离开互联网的时间超过三年。故填Li Ziqi has been away frm the Internet fr mre than three years.
2．根据文章第4段“Fans frm arund the wrld were excited abut her return”（全球粉丝对她的回归感到兴奋）可推知，粉丝对她的回归感到激动。故填Her fans were very excited abut her return.
3．根据文章第5段“She talked with them, studied their skills and learned the stries behind their wrk.”（李子柒与他们交谈、学习技能并了解其工作背后的故事）可推知，她通过互动和学习传承人的技艺及故事来传播文化。故填She talked with them, studied their skills and learned the stries behind their wrk.
4．根据文章第8段“Accrding t Suthern Weekly, peple lve Li’s vides because they want t live a simple and slw life”（根据《南方周末》的报道，人们喜欢李子柒的视频是因为他们想过简单而慢节奏的生活）可推知，她的视频满足了人们对简单生活的向往。故填Because they want t live a simple and slw life.
5．结合文章，言之有理即可。根据文章第5段“She talked with them, studied their skills and learned the stries behind their wrk”（李子柒与他们交谈、学习技能并了解其工作背后的故事）及第7段“she slws dwn and learns nly ne thing”（她放慢节奏，专注学习一件事），结合开放性思考可推断，她在做事的时候是有耐心的，执着的。故填Frm Li Ziqi, we can learn the imprtance f patience and dedicatin.
热点06 春节和北京中轴线申遗成功
1.（24-25九年级下·浙江金华·阶段练习）
1．When did Beijing Central Axis becme China’s 19th wrld heritage?
A．In June, 2023B．In June, 2024C．In July, 2023D．In July, 2024
2．Which f the fllwing is true abut Beijing Central Axis?
A．It started t be built in the 16th century.
B．It stands fr the Ideal City Picture f China.
C．It divides the city int tw symmetrical parts.
D．It runs frm nrth t suth thrugh the whle cuntry.
3．Where can we prbably read the text abut the Beijing Central Axis?
A．On the Internet.B．In a histry bk.C．In a travel guide.D．In the newspaper.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了北京中轴线的相关信息。
1．细节理解题。根据“n July 27th, 2024, the Beijing Central Axis was added t the UNESCO Wrld Heritage List (联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录).”可知，2024年7月，北京中轴线被列入 联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“ It divides the city int tw parts that frm a symmetrical (对称的) city pattern.”可知，它将城市分为两部分，形成对称的城市格局。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“”可知，本文是网络上的一篇文章，故选A。
2.（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）.
①The UNESCO added “Spring Festival, scial practices f the Chinese peple in celebratin f the traditinal New Year”, t the Representative List f the Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录) n December 4th, 2024.
②The Spring Festival, als called Chinese New Year, is ne f the mst imprtant festivals in China. During this festival, peple wish fr gd things t happen in the future and fr everyne t be happy and healthy. Celebratins fr the Spring Festival last fr 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival. Many f these celebratins and events have been passed dwn frm generatin (一代) t generatin, including paper-cuttings, the dragn dance and lantern festival events.
③On the secnd day f the Spring Festival, peple in sme places traditinally visit temples t pray (祈祷) fr gd luck in the cming year. Peple may als visit the temple fairs（庙会), which usually prvide different activities, including traditinal perfrmances, flk art, and the sale f lcal handicrafts (手工艺品) and fds.
④The Lantern Festival, held n the 15th day f the Spring Festival, marks the end f Chinese New Year celebratins. During this festival, lively lanterns f all shapes and sizes are shwn. Peple gather in public spaces t watch the lanterns, slve riddles (谜语) written n them, and enjy perfrmances like dragn dances. The famus Zigng lantern shw in Suthwest China’s Sichuan Prvince has been listed as Natinal Intangible Cultural Heritage items.
1．Hw lng des the Spring Festival last?
A．2 days.B．5 days.C．7 days.D．15 days.
2．Why d peple in sme places visit temples t pray?
A．Fr gd luck.B．Fr celebratins.C．Fr fun.D．Fr sme suvenirs
3．What d peple d n the secnd day f the Spring Festival?
①Enjy lcal handicrafts. ②Slve riddles. ③Enjy flk art. ④Enjy sme lcal fd.
A．①②③B．①②④C．①③④D．②③④
4．What can we learn frm Paragraph ④?
A．Peple usually take part in the temple fairs n the Lantern Festival.
B．The Lantern Festival marks the end f Chinese New Year celebratins.
C．Peple usually enjy lively lanterns at hme n the Lantern Festival.
D．Peple can enjy Zigng lantern shw in Sutheast China n the Lantern Festival.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了春节在2024年12月4日被联合国教科文组织列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录，阐述了春节的重要地位、持续时间、庆祝活动，还介绍了春节期间的传统习俗，以及元宵节作为春节结束的标志和相关活动。
1．细节理解题。根据“Celebratins fr the Spring Festival last fr 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival.”可知，春节庆祝活动持续15天，故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“On the secnd day f the Spring Festival, peple in sme places traditinally visit temples t pray fr gd luck in the cming year.”可知，人们去寺庙祈祷是为了祈求好运，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“Peple may als visit the temple fairs, which usually prvide different activities, including traditinal perfrmances, flk art, and the sale f lcal handicrafts and fds.”可知，在春节第二天，人们逛庙会可以欣赏民间艺术、观赏当地手工艺品、品尝当地食物。而“slve riddles”猜灯谜是元宵节的活动，所以①③④正确，故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“The Lantern Festival, held n the 15th day f the Spring Festival, marks the end f Chinese New Year celebratins.”可知，元宵节标志着中国新年庆祝活动的结束，故选B。
3.（24-25九年级下·河南南阳·开学考试）The Spring Festival’s Successful Applicatin(申请) fr UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage (非物质文化遗产)
The United Natins Educatinal, Scientific and Cultural Organizatin (UNESCO) added the Spring Festival, scial practices f the Chinese peple in celebratin f the traditinal New Year, t the Representative List f the Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录) n December 4, 2024. This means that the Spring Festival is nw recgnized as an imprtant part f the wrld’s cultural heritage.
The Spring Festival is ne f the mst imprtant traditinal festivals in China. It is nt just a simple festival, but als a cncentrated reflectin f scial practice (社会习俗), cvering varius parts such as flk beliefs, custms, art, and cuisine (饭菜). Fr example, peple will paste cuplets (贴春联), make dumplings, set ff firecrackers, and watch the Spring Festival Gala during the festival. These activities shw the wisdm and emtin f the Chinese peple.
The festival lasts fr 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival. During this time, millins f peple frm acrss the cuntry embark (开始) n the jurney hme, making it the greatest human migratin (迁移) n Earth. This is because the Chinese cherish family and the strng bnds amng family members, and extend this affectin (感情) t the cmmunity and the natin and beynd.
The recgnitin (认可) f the Spring Festival by UNESCO is nt nly an affirmatin (肯定) f Chinese culture, but als a respect fr glbal cultural diversity (多样性). It means that this traditinal festival will receive wider prtectin and inheritance, and will als prvide strng supprt fr Chinese culture t g glbal.
1．When was the Spring Festival added t the Representative List f the Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity?
A．December 4, 2023B．December 4, 2024C．January 1, 2024D．February 10, 2024
2．Which f the fllwing is NOT a part f the Spring Festival’s scial practices?
A．Pasting cupletsB．Making dumplings
C．Setting ff firecrackersD．Watching mvies
3．Why d millins f peple embark n the jurney hme during the Spring Festival?
A．Because they want t travel.
B．Because they cherish family and the strng bnds amng family members.
C．Because they have t wrk.
D．Because they like the Lantern Festival.
4．What des the recgnitin f the Spring Festival by UNESCO mean fr Chinese culture?
A．It means Chinese culture will disappear.
B．It means Chinese culture will receive wider prtectin and inheritance (遗产).
C．It means Chinese culture will becme less imprtant.
D．It means Chinese culture will nt be recgnized anymre.
5．Hw lng des the Spring Festival last?
A．7 daysB．10 daysC．15 daysD．30 days
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．C
【导语】本文介绍了中国的传统节日——春节的庆祝活动。
1．细节理解题。根据“The United Natins Educatinal, Scientific and Cultural Organizatin (UNESCO) added the Spring Festival, scial practices f the Chinese peple in celebratin f the traditinal New Year, t the Representative List f the Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录) n December 4, 2024.”可知，2024年1月4日，联合国教科文组织将中国人民庆祝传统新年的社会习俗“春节”列入《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Fr example, peple will paste cuplets (贴春联), make dumplings, set ff firecrackers, and watch the Spring Festival Gala during the festival.”可知，看电影不是春节社会习俗的一部分，故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“This is because the Chinese cherish family and the strng bnds amng family members, and extend this affectin (感情) t the cmmunity and the natin and beynd.”可知，这是因为中国人珍视家庭，珍视家庭成员之间的紧密联系，并将这种情感延伸到社区、国家和其他地方。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“It means that this traditinal festival will receive wider prtectin and inheritance, and will als prvide strng supprt fr Chinese culture t g glbal.”可知，这意味着这个传统节日将得到更广泛的保护和传承，也将为中国文化走向世界提供强有力的支持。故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据“The festival lasts fr 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival.”可知，春节持续15天，故选C。
4.（2025·辽宁鞍山·二模）The Beijing Central Axis (中轴线) shws a grup f buildings and archaelgical (考古的) sites that fllw the traditinal Chinese way f planning a capital city. It has been added t the UNESCO (United Natins Educatinal, Scientific and Cultural Organizatin) Wrld Heritage List, becming China’s 59th Wrld Heritage Site.
Stretching (延伸) 7.8 kilmeters nrth t suth thrugh the heart f Beijing, the prperty includes 15 parts, with the Bell and Drum Twers at the nrthern end and Yngdingmen Gate at the suthern end. The cmplex includes imperial palaces and gardens, sacrificial (祭祀的) buildings, ancient city management facilities (设施) , natinal ceremnial (仪式的) and public buildings, and central axis rad remains.
Accrding t Lyu Zhu frm Tsinghua University, there is a descriptin f this way f planning cities in the Kagngji《考工记》(Bk f Diverse Crafts), written befre 221 BC．
The bk mentins “curt in the frnt, market in the back,” (“前朝后市”) which matches the Frbidden City and the markets at the Bell and Drum Twers area. It als includes “an ancestral temple n the left, an altar f land and grain n the right,” (“左祖右庙”) referring t the Imperial Ancestral Temple and the Altar (祭坛) f Land and Grain, lcated n the east and west sides f the Central Axis.
Cnstructin (建设) f the Beijing Central Axis began in the 13th century and tk shape in the 16th century. It has been refined ver the past seven centuries and cntinues t influence Beijing’s develpment tday.
“The Beijing Central Axis is a symbl f traditinal Chinese ideas and beliefs, shwing natinal rder and the Chinese traditin f inclusin and diversity (多样性),” Lyu added.
1．What d we knw abut the Beijing Central Axis?
A．It is the ldest building in the capital city.
B．It is built with the traditinal Chinese way f planning.
C．It is Wrld’s 59th Wrld Heritage Site.
D．It is the nly capital city added t the UNESCO Wrld Heritage List.
2．What can we infer frm the secnd paragraph?
A．The rad thrugh the heart f Beijing is 7.8 kilmeters lng.
B．There is little rm amng the 15 parts.
C．Peple can buy everything there.
D．It is an imprtant histrical and cultural site.
3．Hw many years did it take t build the Beijing Central Axis?
A．Abut 100 years.B．Abut 200 years.
C．Abut 300 years.D．Mre than 400 years.
4．What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A．The histry f the Frbidden City.
B．The value f the Bell and Drum Twers.
C．The rle f Tsinghua University in preserving heritage sites.
D．The cnstructin and cultural imprtance f the Beijing Central Axis.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了北京中轴线的历史、文化意义及其被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录的情况。
1．细节理解题。根据“The Beijing Central Axis shws a grup f buildings and archaelgical sites that fllw the traditinal Chinese way f planning a capital city.”可知，北京中轴线是按照中国传统城市规划方式建设的。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据“The cmplex includes imperial palaces and gardens, sacrificial (祭祀的) buildings, ancient city management facilities (设施), natinal ceremnial (仪式的) and public buildings, and central axis rad remains.”可知，该建筑群包括皇宫和花园、祭祀建筑、古城管理设施、国家礼仪和公共建筑以及中轴线遗迹，可见这是一个重要的历史文化遗址。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“Cnstructin f the Beijing Central Axis began in the 13th century and tk shape in the 16th century.”可知，北京中轴线的建设从13世纪开始，到16世纪成形，大约经历了300年。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了北京中轴线的建设过程及其文化重要性。故选D。
5.（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·期末）Beijing’s Central Axis (中轴线) has begun a new chapter as it is nw part f the UNESCO Wrld Heritage List (联合国世界遗产名录), marking China’s 56th site. The Central Axis is a centuries-ld example f Chinese city planning and architecture (建筑).
Running 7.8 kilmeters nrth t suth thrugh the heart f Beijing, the new Wrld Heritage Site is made up f 15 buildings. At the nrthern end f the axis are the Bell Twer and Drum Twer. It then ges suth thrugh many places f interest including the Frbidden City and the Tiananmen Square, ending at the Yngdingmen Gate.
Building f the Central Axis began in the 13th century and was cmpleted in the 16th century. It has been imprved cntinuusly fr many centuries and still has influence n Beijing’s city develpment t this day. Between 2020 and 2023, an actin plan fr prtectin f the axis was put int practice. Varius effrts include repair, research, imprvement f the envirnment, and activities f the public.
The Wrld Heritage fficials stated that the Central Axis in Beijing meets the Wrld Heritage List Requirements N 3 and N 4: It shws special values f a culture and is a great example f a building, design, r landscape (景观) that keeps imprtant mments in human histry. Ernest Ottne, ne f UNESCO’s directrs, said that Beijing’s urban planning draws inspiratin frm Cnfucian thughts and values. This style f city planning can be dated back t Kagngji frm the Cnfucian classic Rites f Zhu (《周礼》) that was written mre than 2,000 years ag.
China will cntinue making effrts t prtect heritage buildings, encurage public participatin, and wisely guide turism develpment. A cmmunity with a shared future fr mankind is develping alng the Central Axis.
1．Where is the suthern end f Beijing’s Central Axis?
A．The Drum Twer.B．The Frbidden City.
C．The Tiananmen Square.D．The Yngdingmen Gate.
2．What d we knw abut the axis?
A．It was cmpleted within tw centuries.
B．It has nt been changed since the 16th century.
C．It is imprtant t Beijing’s urban develpment.
D．It started t be prtected in 2020.
3．What can we infer frm Ernest Ottne’s wrds?
A．The designing purpse f the Central Axis remains unknwn.
B．Cnfucian thughts influenced the design f the Central Axis.
C．Beijing’s urban planning led t the Cnfucian philsphy.
D．The Central Axis was recrded in the Cnfucian classic Kagngji.
4．What is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A．Why the Central Axis culd be listed as a wrld heritage.
B．When and hw the Central Axis was built in histry.
C．Hw Chinese traditinal philsphy shaped buildings.
D．What Beijing’s urban planning style is famus fr.
5．Which is the best title fr the passage?
A．Best places t travel in BeijingB．A new start f the ld Central Axis.
C．A need t prtect the Central Axis.D．Beijing’s histry f city planning.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京的“中轴线”的特点和建造历史中轴线的新发展。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“It then ges suth thrugh many places f interest including the Frbidden City and the Tiananmen Square, ending at the Yngdingmen Gate.”可知，北京的中轴线南端终点为永定门。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“It has been imprved cntinuusly fr many centuries and still has influence n Beijing’s city develpment t this day.”可知，中轴线至今仍对北京的城市发展产生影响。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Ernest Ottne, ne f UNESCO’s directrs, said that Beijing’s urban planning draws inspiratin frm Cnfucian thughts and values.”可知，联合国教科文组织主任之一奥托内认为北京的城市规划从儒家思想和价值观中汲取灵感。故推测出儒家思想影响了中轴线的设计。故选B。
4．段落大意题。根据第四段“The Wrld Heritage fficials stated that the Central Axis in Beijing meets the Wrld Heritage List Requirements N 3 and N 4: It shws special values...”可知，本段主要讲了中轴线为何能被列为世界遗产。故选A。
5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了北京的“中轴线”的特点和建造历史以及中轴线的新发展。故最佳标题为：旧中轴线的新起点。故选B。
6.（2025·重庆·模拟预测）This year’s Spring Festival is very special because China celebrates its first “Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) Spring Festival”. ICH means traditins passed dwn frm ld times, such as paper-cutting, lin dances, and traditinal fd-making. These traditins help us remember ur histry and culture.
In the past, Spring Festival mainly featured family dinners and red envelpes. But this year, we tried mre ICH activities. My family made paper lanterns, and ur cmmunity had a fun shadw puppet shw. My grandparents even taught yung peple t write Spring Festival cuplets! It was interesting t mix ld traditins with mdern life.
I als learned that prtecting ICH is nt nly abut the past. Fr example, sme artists use traditinal patterns t make cute zdiac stickers fr phnes! This shws that ld culture can be new and fun.
This Spring Festival, while eating dumplings and watching firewrks, let’s als remember the value f ur traditins. Culture makes us wh we are!
1．What des Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) include accrding t the text?
A．Mdern technlgy and science.B．Paper-cutting, lin dances, and traditinal fd-making.
C．Family dinners and red envelpes nly.D．Watching mvies and playing videgames.
2．Hw was this year’s Spring Festival different frm the past?
A．Families fcused n giving mre red envelpes.B．Peple nly ate dumplings.
C．Mre ICH activities were tried, like making paper lanterns.D．N firewrks were allwed.
3．What des the example f “zdiac stickers fr phnes” shw?
A．Artists are lsing traditinal skills.B．Old culture can becme mdern and interesting.
C．Stickers are mre ppular than dumplings.D．Phnes are replacing traditinal activities.
4．What is the main purpse f the text?
A．T cmplain abut mdern Spring Festival traditins.B．T explain why red envelpes are imprtant.
C．T stress the value f keeping traditins alive.D．T describe hw t make shadw puppets.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国今年庆祝首个“非物质文化遗产 (ICH) 春节”，介绍了ICH的含义及其在春节活动中的体现，强调传统文化与现代生活的融合及其价值。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“ICH means traditins passed dwn frm ld times, such as paper-cutting, lin dances, and traditinal fd-making.”可知，ICH包含非物质文化遗产包括剪纸、舞狮和传统食物制作。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“In the past, Spring Festival mainly featured family dinners and red envelpes. But this year, we tried mre ICH activities…”可知，今年春节的不同之处在于增加了非物质文化遗产活动。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第3段“sme artists use traditinal patterns t make cute zdiac stickers fr phnes! This shws that ld culture can be new and fun.”可知，该例子旨在说明传统文化与现代生活的结合。故选B。
4．主旨大意题。全文通过描述ICH春节的活动 (如剪纸、皮影戏等) 及传统文化创新 (如生肖贴纸)，强调保护传统的价值。根据最后一段“let’s als remember the value f ur traditins. Culture makes us wh we are!”可知，文章目的是强调传承文化的重要性。故选C。
7.（24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）2024年12月4日，我国春节申遗成功，至此它已成为世界普遍接受、认同和欣赏的中华文化符号，而喜庆的“中国红”则是春节的主打色，假如你是李平，你的英国朋友 Simn对该颜色很感兴趣，想了解有关“中国红”的情况，请围绕下列3个问题写一封回信给他：
1. What things are usually red at the Spring Festival and why?
2. Hw can peple use red in their daily life and why? (at least 2 pints)
3. D yu like Chinese red? Why r why nt? (2 reasns)
要求：
1.必须包含所给要点，可以适当发挥；
2.语言通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范；
3.文中不得出现真实的人名或校名；
4.词数100左右，开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Simn,
I’m very glad t tell yu that Chinese Spring Festival has been added t the UNESCO Wrld Heritage. Since the main clr f the festival— Chinese red attracts yu very much, I’m writing t tell yu smething abut it.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I hpe my letter will help yu understand Chinese red well.
Yurs,
Li Ping
【答案】例文
Dear Simn,
I’m very glad t tell yu that Chinese Spring Festival has been added t the UNESCO Wrld Heritage. Since the main clr f the festival—Chinese red attracts yu very much, I’m writing t tell yu smething abut it.
Yu can enjy a lt f red things at the Spring Festival, such as red packets, red Chinese paper-cutting, red candles and s n. Many things are red because we Chinese think red can bring us gd luck and happiness.
In ur daily life, red is used a lt as well. If we require strength in either bdy r mind, we can wear red because it represents pwer. When we have difficulty making a decisin, we can als use red because it represents strng feelings t and wearing red can make it easier t take actin.
As fr me, I like red a lt. On the ne hand, it is the clur f heat and it can make me feel warm in winter. On the ther hand, when I see the red natinal flag, I always feel very prud f my cuntry and it always reminds me t wrk harder fr my future.
I hpe my letter will help yu understand Chinese red well.
Yurs,
Li Ping
热点07 神舟十九与中国航空航天
1.（2025·黑龙江大庆·一模）Zhu Yangzhu is the spaceflight engineer fr the Shenzhu-16 task. He has lved the blue sky and flying 1 he was a by.
When he was a middle schl student, Zhu ften did physical exercises abut flying. Because f his 2 grades, Zhu culd enter the Cllege f Aerspace (航空航天) Science and Engineering in Changsha in the summer f 2005. And he 3 there fr the fllwing years. During studying, Zhu made great 4 and finished his schl life frm the university with a dctr’s degree.
In the summer f 2018, Zhu heard abut the news abut China’s astrnauts. He 5 t have a try t becme an astrnaut. In September 2020, Zhu was 6 chsen as ne f the cuntry’s third grup f astrnauts, including six ther flight engineers.
Hwever, fr an engineer wh had n air flight 7 , the astrnaut training tasks presented a real test. Fr example, astrnauts had t 8 fr three days and three nights in a clsed rm , during which they had t d many tests n a cmputer. That 9 a lt f hard wrk. He nt nly cmpleted the hard training himself, but als played a(n) 10 rle in relaxing the team and helping thers in his team.
Last year, all his hard wrk paid ff when he was chsen t carry ut the Shenzhu-16 task.
1．A．unlessB．sinceC．becauseD．thugh
2．A．lwB．richC．badD．high
3．A．taughtB．vlunteeredC．remainedD．tured
4．A．prgressB．changeC．develpmentD．wealth
5．A．decidedB．refusedC．agreedD．cntinued
6．A．slwlyB．finallyC．quietlyD．simply
7．A．achievementB．feelingC．abilityD．experience
8．A．pay backB．lie dwnC．stay upD．hang ut
9．A．wastedB．savedC．advisedD．required
10．A．dangerusB．imprtantC．friendlyD．lvely
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．D 10．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述航天工程师朱杨柱从少年梦想、大学深造到成为神舟十六号任务航天员的成长历程，突出其坚持不懈的精神品质。
1．句意：朱杨柱自少年时期就热爱蓝天和飞行。
unless除非；since自……以来；because因为；thugh尽管。根据“He has lved the blue sky and was a by.”可知，为since引导的时间状语从句，从句为一般过去时，主句为现在完成时。故选B。
2．句意：由于他的成绩高，2005年夏天，朱杨柱进入了长沙航空航天科学与工程学院学习。
lw低的；rich富裕的；bad差的；high高的。根据“Zhu culd enter the Cllege f Aerspace (航空航天) Science and Engineering in Changsha”可推测，他成绩高才会进入长沙航空航天科学与工程学院学习，故选D。
3．句意：此后几年，他一直留在那里。
taught教；vlunteered做志愿者；remained留下；tured旅行。根据下文“finished his schl life frm the university with a dctr’s degree”可知，他一直留在那里，直到博士毕业。故选C。
4．句意：在学习期间，朱取得了很大进步，并以博士学位结束了大学生活。
prgress进步；change改变；develpment发展；wealth财富。根据“Zhu made great...”可知，此处表达他取得巨大进步，故选A。
5．句意：他决定尝试成为一名宇航员。
decided决定；refused拒绝；agreed同意；cntinued继续。根据下文“as ne f the cuntry’s third grup f astrnauts”可知，他最终成为了宇航员之一，因此此处表达他决定当一名宇航员。故选A。
6．句意：2020年9月，朱最终入选中国第三批航天员，其中包括另外6名飞行工程师。
slwly慢慢地；finally最终；quietly安静地；simply简单地。根据“In September 2020, Zhu as ne f the cuntry’s third grup f astrnauts”可知，经过努力后，他最终入选。故选B。
7．句意：然而，对于一个没有空中飞行经验的工程师来说，宇航员的训练任务是一个真正的考验。
achievement成就；feeling感受；ability能力；experience经验。根据“fr an engineer wh had n air flight..., the astrnaut training tasks presented a real test.”可知，他没有飞行经验，所以面临考验。故选D。
8．句意：例如，宇航员必须在一个封闭的房间里熬夜三天三夜，在此期间，他们必须在计算机上进行许多测试。
pay back偿还；lie dwn躺下来；stay up熬夜；hang ut出去玩。根据“astrnauts had three days and three nights, during which they had t d many tests n a cmputer”可知，此处在描述宇航员的艰苦训练，要在房间里熬夜三天三夜。故选C。
9．句意：这需要付出大量的努力。
wasted浪费；saved节约；advised建议；required需要。根据“ lt f hard wrk.”可知，此处表达需要付出大量努力。故选D。
10．句意：他不仅自己完成了艰苦的训练，还在团队中起到了放松身心、帮助他人的重要作用。
dangerus危险的；imprtant重要的；friendly友好的；lvely可爱的。根据“ played a(n) in relaxing the team and helping thers in his team.”可知，此处表达他在团队中的重要性，故选B。
2.（24-25九年级下·河北秦皇岛·阶段练习）The “Pst-80s crew (工作人员)” f Shenzhu-18, Ye Guangfu, Li Cng, and Li Guangsu, met the media and public at the China Astrnaut Research and Training Center, n January 8th, 2025, ver 60 days after their space jurney. They shared their unfrgettable experiences in space.
Ye Guangfu has been t the space statin twice. He described his return as “three changes”—feeling mre at hme, enjying a better envirnment with mre tasks, and taking n greater respnsibilities as a leader.
During the missin (重要任务), the Shenzhu-18 crew met with the Shenzhu-17 and Shenzhu-19 crews twice in space. This shwed hw China’s space prgram passes n frm ne grup t anther. Li Cng felt a strng sense f r when he gt the “batn (指挥棒)” frm the Shenzhu-17.
The crew stayed in space fr 192 days, had a “smth” missin, and nw, they’re ready fr regular training.
1．Which is NOT mentined when Ye Guangfu described “three changes”?
A．Feeling mre at hme.
B．Enjying a mre beautiful view f space.
C．Enjying a better envirnment with mre tasks.
D．Taking n greater respnsibilities as a leader.
2．Hw lng did the Shenzhu-18 crew stay in space?
A．60 days.B．170 days.C．192 days.D．200 days.
3．What is the prper wrd in the sentence “Li Cng felt a strng sense f r when he gt the ‘batn’ frm the Shenzhu-17”?
A．Relaxatin.B．Respnsibility.C．Risk.D．Regret.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了神舟十八号乘组在太空任务结束后的媒体见面会上分享的太空经历。
1．细节理解题。根据“Ye Guangfu has been t the space statin twice. He described his return as ‘three changes’—feeling mre at hme, enjying a better envirnment with mre tasks, and taking n greater respnsibilities as a leader.”可知，叶光富的“三变”中并未提到享受更美的太空景色。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“The crew stayed in space fr 192 days, had a ‘smth’ missin, and nw, they’re ready fr regular training.”可知，神舟十八号乘组在太空中停留了192天。故选C。
3．词句猜测题。根据“when he gt the ‘batn’ frm the Shenzhu-17.”可知，李聪从神舟十七号手中接过“指挥棒”时，感到一种强烈的责任感，因为接过指挥棒意味着承担更多的责任。最适合填入的单词是Respnsibility。故选B。
3.（24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）Early n Wednesday mrning, a big rcket called Lng March-2FY19 tk ff frm Jiuquan in Nrthwest China. It carried three astrnauts n a trip t the China Space Statin.
After abut 10 minutes, the Shenzhu-19 spacecraft separated frm the rcket and entered its designated rbit (轨道) . This meant the launch was a success!
The China Space Statin will welcme the new Shenzhu-19 crew (机组人员), led by experienced astrnaut Cai Xuzhe and newcmers Sng Lingdng and female astrnaut Wang Haze, abut 6.5 hurs after takeff. Cmmander (指令长) Cai is ging back t space just 22 mnths after his last trip, which is a recrd fr the shrtest time between missins(使命, 任务) in the histry f Chinese astrnauts. Sng and Wang, bth brn in 1990, are n their first space missin. Wang is als China’s first female spaceflight engineer.
This is the furth time that astrnauts have flwn t the space statin t wrk and d experiments, and it’s the 33rd missin in China’s manned space prgram. The main tasks include switching (交换) crews with the Shenzhu-18 astrnauts, staying n the statin fr six mnths, ding space experiments, ging utside the spacecraft and s n. After launch, Shenzhu-19 will cnnect t the Tianhe mdule f the space statin abut 6.5 hurs later. They will cme back t Earth in late April r early May.
Fr this missin, the develpers made the Shenzhu-19 spacecraft better by imprving its design, s it can carry mre supplies (供给). This helps the astrnauts and makes the space statin wrk mre effectively.
1．What des the underlined wrd “designated” mean in the secnd paragraph?
A．plannedB．namedC．changedD．cmmn
2．What is Wang Haze’s special achievement?
A．She is the yungest f the crew.B．She is the first female spaceman.
C．She has flwn t the space statin fur times.D．She is China’s first female spaceflight engineer.
3．What can we infer frm the passage?
A．Shenzhu-19 carried three astrnauts n a trip t the China Space Statin.
B．Cai Xuzhe is n his first space missin.
C．Shenzhu-19 separated frm the rcket after 20 minutes.
D．Imprvements in the spacecraft design are helpful t the astrnauts and their wrk.
4．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the passage?
A．A Successful Launch f Shenzhu-19
B．The Main Tasks f Shenzhu-19 Crew
C．The Histry f China’s Space Explratin
D．The Develpment f China’s Space Technlgy
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．A
【导语】本文介绍了神舟十九号飞船的成功发射以及本次任务的相关信息。
1．词句猜测题。根据“After abut 10 minutes, the Shenzhu-19 spacecraft separated frm the rcket and entered its designated rbit”可知，神舟十九号飞船与火箭分离，进入预定轨道。因此“designated”与“planned”词义相近。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“Wang is als China’s first female spaceflight engineer.”可知，她是中国第一位女航天工程师。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“Fr this missin, the develpers made the Shenzhu-19 spacecraft better by imprving its design, s it can carry mre supplies.”可知，宇宙飞船设计的改进使它能携带更多的补给。故选D。
4．最佳标题题。通读全文内容可知，本文介绍了中国神舟十九号载人宇宙飞船以及宇航员的任务等情况。选项A“神舟十九号成功发射”适合作为本文的标题。故选A。
4.（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）On Octber 30, 2024, China successfully launched (发射) the Shenzhu-19 spacecraft t the Tiangng Space Statin. Three taiknauts (中国航天员)—Cai Xuzhe, Sng Lingdng and Wang Haze—will stay in space fr six mnths t cmplete their missin.
Cai Xuzhe is the cmmander (指挥官). He had been t space in 2022. Wang Haze, the nly female astrnaut, will be respnsible fr sme scientific experiments. Sng Lingdng, the yungest engineer f them, will test new space technlgies.
Life in space is challenging but exciting. Because f micr-gravity (微重力), they ften flat in the statin. They exercise tw hurs daily t stay healthy. They will als grw vegetables and study hw light affects plant grwth in space.
During their missin, they will went utside the capsule three times t carry ut a number f experiments and cllect space envirnment data (数据). They will even give a live science class t students n the Earth, shwing hw water frms flating balls in micr-gravity.
They will fly back in April r May 2020. Befre returning t the Earth, they will clean the statin and prepare it fr the next crew. Their wrk will help China’s plan t build a mn base in the future.
阅读以上材料，选择正确答案。
1．Hw lng will the Shenzhu-19 missin last?
A．3 mnths.B．6 mnths.C．1 year.D．2 weeks.
2．What will Wang Haze mainly d in space?
A．Test new technlgies.B．Cke fd fr the crew.
C．Des scientific experiments.D．Repairs the satellite.
3．Why d the taiknauts exercise every day?
A．T stay healthy.B．T grw plants.C．T take phts.D．T study light.
4．The underline wrd “live” (Paragraph 4) means ________.
A．居住B．活着的C．实况地D．现场直播的
5．What is the main purpse f this passage?
A．T explain hw t becme an astrnaut.B．T describe the Shenzhu-19 missin.
C．T discuss the histry f space statins.D．T teach students abut plant grwth.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B
【导语】本文介绍了神舟十九号任务的细节，包括航天员职责、太空生活及科学实验，最后提及任务对中国未来月球基地计划的贡献。
1．细节理解题。根据第1段“Three taiknauts (中国航天员)—Cai Xuzhe, Sng Lingdng and Wang Haze—will stay in space fr six mnths t cmplete their missin.”可知，神舟十九号任务将持续6个月，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第2段“Wang Haze, the nly female astrnaut, will be respnsible fr sme scientific experiments.”可知，王浩泽主要负责一些科学实验，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第3段“Life in space is challenging but exciting. Because f micr-gravity (微重力), they ften flat in the statin. They exercise tw hurs daily t stay healthy.”可知，航天员每天锻炼是为了保持健康，故选A。
4．词句猜测题。根据第4段“They will even give a live science class t students n the Earth, shwing hw water frms flating balls in micr gravity.”可推测，他们将给地球上的学生进行科学课直播，展示水在微重力下如何形成浮球，live此处意为“现场直播的”，故选D。
5．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了神舟十九号飞船的发射、航天员任务、太空生活等内容，主要目的是描述神舟十九号任务，故选B。
5.（2025·安徽·模拟预测）Cleaning Up Earth’s Orbit: The Space Debris Challenge
Earth’s rbit is cluttered with ver 23,000 pieces f debris larger than 10 centimeters, psing cllisin risks t satellites and spacecraft. In 2024, the Eurpean Space Agency (ESA) successfully tested the “ClearSpace-1” missin, which uses a rbtic arm t capture defunct satellites. The technlgy is capable f remving 500 kg f debris per missin.
China’s Tiangng space statin emplys laser-based detectin systems t avid cllisins. Meanwhile, SpaceX develped Starshield, a netwrk f satellites designed t mnitr debris and assist in rbital cleanup. “Space sustainability is critical fr future explratin,” stated NASA Administratr Bill Nelsn.
The United Natins Cmmittee n the Peaceful Uses f Outer Space is drafting an internatinal treaty t regulate debris management. Vilatrs culd face fines up t $100 millin.
1．Hw many large debris pieces are in Earth’s rbit? (N mre than 5 wrds)

2．What technlgy des ClearSpace-1 use? (N mre than 3 wrds)

3．What is the maximum fine fr debris management vilatins? (N mre than 5 wrds)

【答案】1．Over 23,000 pieces. 2．Rbtic arm. 3．$100 millin.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地球轨道上的太空垃圾问题以及各国为清理太空垃圾所采取的技术和措施。
1．根据文章第1段“Earth’s rbit is cluttered with ver 23,000 pieces f debris larger than 10 centimeters”可知，地球轨道上有超过23,000块大型太空垃圾。故填Over 23,000 pieces.
2．根据文章第1段“the ‘ClearSpace-1’ missin, which uses a rbtic arm t capture defunct satellites”可知，ClearSpace-1任务使用的是机械臂技术。故填Rbtic arm.
3．根据文章第3段“Vilatrs culd face fines up t $100 millin.”可知，违反太空垃圾管理规定的最高罚款为1亿美元。故填$100 millin.
6.（2025·江苏淮安·一模）阅读回答问题。
In the new age, many rle mdels have caught peple’s attentin. They are all wrthy f ur leaning. Frm them, we can feel their wisdm and curage, and they are nt afraid f difficulties and dare t challenge themselves.
Space heres return hme
Zhai Zhigang (L), Wang Yaping (center) and Ye Guangfu (R) have cme back! After flying arund Earth fr six mnths, the three astrnauts f the Shenzhu XIII missin (任务) returned hme n April 16th. They successfully finished China’s lngest manned spaceflight. Nine hurs after leaving Tiangng, the capsule (返回舱) tuched dwn n Earth at the Dngfeng Landing Site in Inner Mnglia. The astrnauts were carried ut f the capsule by grund wrkers and placed int chairs. They were in gd cnditin.
Jiang Mengnan mved Chinese
Jiang Mengnan received the Tuching China Persn f the Year Award fr 2021. She was deaf when she was yung, but she was admitted t Tsinghua University by reading lips. Fr her, every step f life seems t be a difficult pattern (困难模式). But with amazing effrts, she vercame difficulties. Thugh life kept thrwing Jiang mre challenges, the psitive wman regarded them as “gift f fate”. She sets a gd example fr us teenagers.
Gu Ailing flied n the slpes
The Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games has seen quite a few yung athletes win Olympic medals and make histry. Gu Ailing, a 19-year-ld skiing talent, is ne f them. Gu Ailin’s stry f winning the gld medal in the Beijing Olympic Winter Games is well knwn. But what we admire mst is her curage t challenges.
1．When did the three astrnauts return hme?

2．Where did the capsule tuch dwn n Earth?

3．What did Jiang Mengnan regard the challenges as?

4．Which sprts game did Gu Ailing win the gld medal in the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games?

5．Are the rle mdels afraid f difficulties?

【答案】1．On April 16th. 2．At the Dngfeng Landing Site in Inner Mnglia. 3．Gift f fate. 4．Skiing. 5．N, they aren’t.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了三位新时代的榜样人物：神舟十三号航天员翟志刚、王亚平、叶光富，感动中国人物江梦南，以及冬奥会滑雪冠军谷爱凌。文章通过他们的故事展现了智慧、勇气和挑战精神。
1．根据“the three astrnauts f the Shenzhu XIII missin returned hme n April 16th”可知，神舟十三号任务的三名宇航员于4月16日返回家园。故填On April 16th。
2．根据“the capsule tuched dwn n Earth at the Dngfeng Landing Site in Inner Mnglia”可知，返回舱在内蒙古东风着陆场着陆。故填At the Dngfeng Landing Site in Inner Mnglia。
3．根据“the psitive wman regarded them as ‘gift f fate’”可知，这位积极的女性将它们视为‘命运的馈赠’。故填Gift f fate。
4．根据“Gu Ailing, a 19-year-ld skiing talent, is ne f them”及“winning the gld medal in the Beijing Olympic Winter Games”可知，19岁的滑雪天才谷爱凌在北京冬奥会上赢得金牌。故填Skiing。
5．根据“they are nt afraid f difficulties and dare t challenge themselves”可知，他们不怕困难，敢于挑战自我。故填N, they aren’t。
7.随着天宫空间站的建设，学校掀起了一阵航天热。假如你是Allen，你班同学也在热议并遐想未来能进入空间站旅行。你班将举办一次主题为“My Trip t Tiangng Space Statin”的英语演讲比赛。请你根据下图提示，发挥想象谈一下你的太空站之旅。

注意：
1. 短文须包含上图所有信息，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2. 不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名；
3. 词数不少于80。
My Trip t Tiangng Space Statin
I dream f travelling t space. Nw I’ve gt a chance t make my dream cme true.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
My Trip t Tiangng Space Statin
I dream f travelling t space. Nw I’ve gt a chance t make my dream cme true.
Next mnth, I’m ging t take a trip t Tiangng Space Statin with sme f my classmates t learn mre abut space life. It will take abut 6 hurs by rcket. It will be fast and exciting. After I get int the space statin, I’m ging t give sme presents t the astrnauts first. Then I’m ging t have dinner with the astrnauts and try space fd. It must be delicius. After that, I’m ging t visit the space statin and take phts f the astrnauts’ daily life n the space statin.
All in all, it will be a wnderful trip. I can’t wait t start my trip.
热点08 中华文化走向世界
1.（2025·安徽·二模）Chinese prcelain (瓷器) , knwn as “china” in English, is ne f China’s greatest inventins and als a symbl f Chinese culture. It has a 1 f ver 3,000 years. Early prcelain develped frm pttery (陶器), which was 2 arund 8,000 years ag.
Hw d peple make prcelain? First, they get 3 like kalin (a sft white clay) and prcelain stne. Then they 4 these materials int cups, vases (花瓶) , r ther frms. After that, they heat them at a 5 temperature (usually ver 700℃) —this makes prcelain strng and beautiful.
Chinese prcelain has a great internatinal influence. The English wrd “china” 6 its deep cnnectin t the cuntry. It was 7 alng the Silk Rad fr a lng time, attracting peple with its beauty. It is 8 praised and lved arund the wrld. And nw, prcelain ges far beynd plates r 9 . It’s in spaceships, dentists’ tls, and even rbt parts!
This is prcelain, an artwrk made 10 earth and fire and carried by waves and time. It’s true that prcelain is telling the wrld that Chinese can turn rdinary (平凡) int extrardinary (非凡).
1．A．sizeB．histryC．numberD．price
2．A．includedB．increasedC．inventedD．interviewed
3．A．materialsB．linesC．makersD．letters
4．A．lendB．hangC．ckD．shape
5．A．newB．shrtC．lwD．high
6．A．regardsB．refusesC．reflectsD．reduces
7．A．frgttenB．tradedC．listenedD．taught
8．A．widelyB．wiselyC．cheaplyD．early
9．A．basketsB．bagsC．capsD．cups
10．A．fB．tC．frmD．up
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了中国瓷器的历史、制作工艺及其国际影响力。
1．句意：中国瓷器有超过3000年的历史。
size尺寸；histry历史；number数量；price价格。根据“ver 3,000 years”可知，此处强调时间跨度，应选“历史”。故选B。
2．句意：早期瓷器由约8000年前发明的陶器发展而来。
included包含；increased增加；invented发明；interviewed采访。根据“develped frm pttery”及常识可知，陶器是被发明的。故选C。
3．句意：首先，他们得到高岭土（一种柔软的白色粘土）和瓷石等材料。
materials材料；lines线条；makers制造者；letters信件。根据“kalin (a sft white clay)”可知，高岭土是原材料。故选A。
4．句意：然后他们把这些材料做成杯子、花瓶或其他形状。
lend借出；hang悬挂；ck烹饪；shape塑造。根据“ materials int cups, vases”可知，需将材料塑形。故选D。
5．句意：之后，他们在高温下（通常超过700℃）烧制——这使得瓷器坚固美观。
new新的；shrt短的；lw低的；high高的。根据“usually ver 700℃”可知，温度很高。故选D。
6．句意：英文单词“china”反映了其与中国的深厚联系。
regards认为；refuses拒绝；reflects反映；reduces减少。根据“china”和“deep cnnectin t the cuntry”可知，单词“china”体现了其与“中国”关联性。故选C。
7．句意：它在丝绸之路上进行了很长时间的贸易，以它的美丽吸引着人们。
frgtten遗忘；traded贸易；listened倾听；taught教授。根据“alng the Silk Rad”及历史背景可知，瓷器是贸易商品。故选B。
8．句意：它在全球范围内广受赞誉和喜爱。
widely广泛地；wisely明智地；cheaply廉价地；early早期。根据“arund the wrld”可知，范围广泛。故选A。
9．句意：现在，瓷器已经不仅仅局限于盘子和杯子了。
baskets篮子；bags包；caps帽子；cups杯子。根据“plates”及瓷器常见用途可知，此处需同类日常器物，“cups”符合。故选D。
10．句意：这是瓷器，一种由土和火制成的艺术品，由波浪和时间携带。
f属于；t向；frm来自；up向上。根据“made…earth and fire”可知，强调原材料来源，be made f/frm“由……制成”，前者表示能看出原材料，后者强调看不出原料。从瓷器是无法直接看出原材料的，所以用frm。故选C。
2.（2025·安徽合肥·二模）As a British exchange student in China, I wanted t immerse (使沉浸于) myself in the lcal culture. One f the activities my schl ffered was a calligraphy (书法) club, and I chse t 1 it t learn mre abut this traditinal Chinese art.
The calligraphy rm was a quiet and peaceful place, which 2 the pleasant smell f ink and the sft sund f brushes tuching paper. Our calligraphy teacher, Mr. Li, was knwn fr his 3 and skill.
On my first day, I watched carefully as Mr. Li 4 the art f calligraphy. He mved the brush with grace (优雅) and 5 , and the characters he created lked like beautiful paintings. I was amazed and culdn’t wait t try it myself.
Mr. Li intrduced the tls f calligraphy: the brush, ink, paper, and ink stne. He explained that these were nt just tls but the fundatin (基础) f this ancient art. He taught us hw t hld the brush 6 and hw t mve ur hands t create smth flwing lines.
When it was my turn t try, I fund it harder than it lked. My first characters were far frm perfect and I felt 7 , but Mr. Li patiently encuraged me and gave me supprt.
Frm then n, I 8 t attend the calligraphy club every week. Slwly I felt my skills imprving. I learned nt nly hw t write the characters but als the 9 behind them. Calligraphy was mre than just 10 . It was a way t express myself and cnnect with Chinese culture.
1．A．startB．jinC．runD．leave
2．A．was filled withB．was cvered withC．was crwded withD．was made with
3．A．patienceB．braveryC．businessD．wealth
4．A．viewedB．praisedC．develpedD．shwed
5．A．difficultyB．careC．regretD．anger
6．A．happilyB．silentlyC．usuallyD．crrectly
7．A．happyB．srryC．luckyD．interested
8．A．agreedB．failedC．decidedD．refused
9．A．reasnB．persnC．meaningD．purpse
10．A．paintingB．readingC．shwingD．writing
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．D
【导语】本文通过讲述一名英国交换生在中国学习书法的经历，展现了书法艺术的魅力及其与中国文化的深刻联系。
1．句意：我的学校提供的活动之一是书法俱乐部，我选择加入它来更多地了解这种中国传统艺术。
start开始；jin加入；run经营；leave离开。根据“t learn mre abut this traditinal Chinese art”可知，是选择加入书法俱乐部，故选B。
2．句意：书法教室是一个安静祥和的地方，充满了墨水的宜人气味和毛笔触碰纸张的轻柔声音。
was filled with充满；was cvered with覆盖着；was crwded with挤满；was made with用……制作。根据“the pleasant smell f ink and the sft sund f brushes tuching paper”可知，书法教室充满了墨香和轻柔的声音。故选A。
3．句意：我们的书法老师，李老师，以他的耐心和技巧而闻名。
patience耐心；bravery勇敢；business生意；wealth财富。根据后文“but Mr. Li patiently encuraged me and gave me supprt”可知李老师很有耐心，故选A。
4．句意：在我第一天的时候，我仔细地看着李老师展示书法艺术。
viewed观看；praised表扬；develped发展；shwed展示。根据“He mved the brush with grace (优雅) and … , and the characters he created lked like beautiful paintings.”可知是李老师展示书法艺术，故选D。
5．句意：他优雅且细心地移动毛笔，他写出的字看起来就像美丽的画作。
difficulty困难；care细心；regret遗憾；anger愤怒。根据“with grace (优雅)”可知此处是说细心地移动毛笔，故选B。
6．句意：他教我们如何正确地握毛笔以及如何移动我们的手来创造流畅的线条。
happily开心地；silently安静地；usually通常；crrectly正确地。根据“hw t mve ur hands t create smth flwing lines”可知是教如何正确握笔，故选D。
7．句意：我写的第一个字远非完美，我感到很遗憾，但是李老师耐心地鼓励我并给予我支持。
happy开心的；srry遗憾的；lucky幸运的；interested感兴趣的。根据“My first characters were far frm perfect”可知会感到遗憾，故选B。
8．句意：从那以后，我决定每周都去参加书法俱乐部。
agreed同意；failed失败；decided决定；refused拒绝。根据“Slwly I felt my skills imprving.”可知是决定每周都去，故选C。
9．句意：我不仅学会了如何写汉字，还学会了它们背后的意义。
reasn原因；persn人；meaning意义；purpse目的。根据“Calligraphy was mre than just …It was a way t express myself and cnnect with Chinese culture.”可知是学会了汉字背后的意义，故选C。
10．句意：书法不仅仅是书写。它是一种表达自我和与中国文化建立联系的方式。
painting绘画；reading阅读；shwing展示；writing书写。根据前文一直在讲书法的书写等，可知这里说书法不仅仅是书写，故选D。
3.（24-25九年级下·重庆渝北·期中）When I was yung, I lved paper cutting and I was pretty gd at it. As I grew up, I became busy and didn’t have much time fr it. Later, I stpped ding it.
Hwever, the news I came acrss nline tuched my heart and changed my mind. A little girl frm Jieyang, Guangdng was practicing lin dance when a prfessinal lin dance perfrmance team (专业舞狮表演队) passed by. As sn as they saw the girl practicing, they started t beat drums and gngs fr her and quickly she did a lin dance in return. Peple arund all cheered fr her. Her lve fr the ancient Chinese culture evked my strng memries f paper cutting.
I remembered the happy times f making paper cuttings with my teacher and friends in the club. When I was ten, I jined the paper cutting club. Every Mnday and Friday, I learned t make paper cuttings there. Our teacher, Ms. Li, was very talented. With a pair f scissrs and a piece f paper, she culd create lively wrks (作品). That amazed us. And we learned much frm her. Tgether, we created lts f wrks. They cvered many tpics, including animals, flwers and things abut Chinese histry. Every time we held a paper cutting shw, ur wrks attracted many visitrs.
________. I want t be an inheritr (继承者) f the ancient Chinese culture. Tgether with ther inheritrs, I hpe t pass dwn ur excellent culture.
1．Why did the authr stp paper cutting?
A．She lst interest in it.B．She had n time fr it.
C．Her teacher left the club.D．Her wrks weren’t ppular.
2．What did the girl d after the team began t beat drums and gngs fr her?
A．She watched their shw carefully.B．She cheered fr the team.
C．She did a lin dance in return.D．She made a paper cutting fr the team.
3．Which sentence can be put in the “________”?
A．Nw, I decided t learn lin dance.
B．The girl in the news encuraged me t g n with paper cutting.
C．After watching the news, I want t practice paper cutting.
D．I wasn’t gd at paper cutting at a yung age.
4．What is the purpse f writing this passage?
A．T advertise paper-cutting classes.B．T share her memries f Ms. Li.
C．T call fr prtecting traditinal culture.D．T cmpare lin dance and paper cutting.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C
【导语】本文讲述了作者因一则关于小女孩舞狮的新闻重新燃起对剪纸艺术的热爱，并希望继承和传承这一传统文化。
1．细节理解题。根据“As I grew up, I became busy and didn’t have much time fr it. Later, I stpped ding it.”可知，作者长大后很忙，没时间剪纸，所以停止了。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“As sn as they saw the girl practicing, they started t beat drums and gngs fr her and quickly she did a lin dance in return.”可知，女孩以表演舞狮作为回报。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据“Every time we held a paper cutting shw, ur wrks attracted many visitrs.”和“I want t be an inheritr (继承者) f the ancient Chinese culture.”可知，前文讲女孩对传统文化的热爱唤起作者剪纸记忆，后文说想成为文化继承者，空白处应是女孩鼓励作者继续剪纸相关内容。选项B“新闻里的女孩鼓励我继续从事剪纸活动。”符合语境。故选B。
4．主旨大意题。通读原文可知，本文讲述了作者因一则关于小女孩舞狮的新闻重新燃起对剪纸艺术的热爱，并希望继承和传承这一传统文化。故选C。
4.（2025·山东济宁·一模）This year is the Year f the Snake. Yu might think snakes are scary. But in Chinese histry, snakes have been a symbl f high status (地位), rebirth and a deep cnnectin between human beings and gds.
Peple have fund that in the Erlitu Culture, snake images ften shwed up n beautiful artifacts (文物). An amazing discvery at the Erlitu Site in Henan is a lng, snake-like animal made f ver 2,000 turquise (绿松石) pieces. Experts believe it culd be a snake. Such turquise pieces were usually funerary bjects (随葬品) f peple f high status.
Starting frm the Shang Dynasty, peple believed the universe (宇宙) had three parts: gds in heaven (天堂), human beings n Earth, and the underwrld beings in the place f the dead. When peple saw snakes digging int the undergrund, they believed that these animals culd cnnect peple n the earth, the dead and the gds. Images f peple with snake bdies were then created, shwing the ability t crss between life and death.
Because f their ability t shed skin (蜕皮), snakes were als cnnected with rebirth. “In ancient peple’s eyes, the snakes seemed t have died, but then they shed their skin and came back t life. This shwed the idea f revival (复活) after death,” said Han Ding, an assciate prfessr at Henan University.
Living n Earth fr mre than 100 millin years, the snake has never been away frm Chinese peple’s culture and life. “They served as cnnectin between the earth and the heaven, and finally became a zdiac symbl (生肖) fr the cmmn flk,” said Wang Fang frm the Jinsha Site Museum in Chengdu.
1．When did peple start t believe the universe had three parts?
A．The Shang Dynasty.B．The Zhu Dynasty.
C．The Qin Dynasty.D．The Han Dynasty.
2．Why did ancient peple believe snakes culd cnnect peple n Earth, the dead, and the gds?
A．Because snakes were ften seen flying in the sky.
B．Because snakes were believed t live in all three parts f the universe.
C．Because snakes were cnsidered the rulers f the universe.
D．Because snakes culd dig int the grund.
3．What can we knw abut the snake’s rle in Chinese zdiac culture?
A．It was always seen as a negative (消极的) symbl.
B．It was nly imprtant during the Shang Dynasty.
C．It was remved frm the zdiac because f its scary appearance.
D．It became a zdiac symbl because f its cnnectin between the heaven and the earth.
4．What is the main idea f the article?
A．Snakes are dangerus animals that shuld be avided.
B．Snakes have played an imprtant rle in Chinese culture.
C．The Erlitu Culture was the nly perid in which snakes were imprtant.
D．Snakes are the mst pwerful animals in the Chinese zdiac.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了蛇在中国文化中的多重象征意义，如地位、重生、与神明的联系，及其成为生肖的历史渊源。
1．细节理解题。根据“Starting frm the Shang Dynasty, peple believed the universe (宇宙) had three parts”可知，从商朝开始，人们相信宇宙有三个部分，故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“When peple saw snakes digging int the undergrund, they believed that these animals culd cnnect peple n the earth, the dead and the gds.”可知，当人们看到蛇在地下挖洞时，他们相信这些动物可以连接地球上的人、死者和神，故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“They served as cnnectin between the earth and the heaven, and finally became a zdiac symbl (生肖) fr the cmmn flk,”可知，它之所以成为十二生肖的象征，是因为它连接了天地，故选D。
4．主旨大意题。根据“Starting frm the Shang Dynasty, peple the underwrld beings in the place f the dead. ”以及通读全文可知，全文通过历史实例，多角度论证蛇在中国文化中的重要性，故选B。
5.（2025·河北沧州·一模）Prnpawee is a fan f traditinal Chinese culture. She is amng thusands f yung peple in Thailand wh have learned Mandarin (普通话). And she has been teaching Mandarin in a creative way, making learning mre enjyable.
In recent years, mre yung peple in Thailand are trying t learn abut China thrugh scial media, mvies and TV prgrams, and hanfu is very ppular with Pmpawee’s students. That’s where she has gt her new idea f teaching. She shares with them the latest Chinese fashin (时尚) in class, helping them learn abut the culture as well as the language itself.
“Mandarin is like a key, helping me t pen the dr t understand China,” she said. Prnpawee develped a lve fr the Chinese language at the age f 13. When she was in high schl, she made an imprtant decisin— learning Mandarin at cllege. Nw 35-year-ld Prnpawee has taught Mandarin fr ver 10 years.
Prnpawee visited China fr the first time while she was in the university. She fund Chinese fd s great. Befre traveling t China, Prnpawee had nly heard f a few Chinese dishes, such as ht pt and jiazi. She was amazed by the kinds, the tastes and the Chinese ways f cking. “Chinese peple are very f… t freigners. During my first visit t China, my Chinese friends and their families always tk gd care f me and kept asking whether I was used t the life,” she recalled (回忆).
S far, Prnpawee has visited several Chinese cities, “China is such a large cuntry,” she said. “My trip t China will never end and I’d like t intrduce mre t peple f my cuntry.”
1．What is Prnpawee’s new way t teach Mandarin?
A．Giving nline lessns.B．Taking part in TV shws.
C．Making mvies abut China.D．Sharing the fashin f hanfu.
2．When did Prnpawee becme a Mandarin teacher?
A．At the age f thirteen.B．Over ten years ag.
C．At the age f thirty-five.D．When she was at cllege
3．What is the prper wrd in the sentence “Chinese peple are very f… t freigners”?
A．Friendly.B．Famus.C．Fair.D．Funny.
4．What is the main purpse f the text?
A．T explain a better way f teaching Mandarin.
B．T shw pinins abut prtecting lcal language.
C．T intrduce a freigner wh spreads Chinese culture.
D．T list reasns why Chinese fashin is ppular in Thailand.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了Prnpawee在社交媒体上发布短视频，通过不同的方式教授普通话并传播中国文化的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“That’s where she has gt her new idea f teaching. She shares with them this latest Chinese fashin (时尚) in class,”可知，Prnpawee通过分享最新的中国时尚(尤其是汉服) 来教授普通话，使学习更有趣。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“Nw 35-year-ld Pmpawee has taught Mandarin fr ver 10 years.”可知，现年35岁的Prnpawee教授普通话已有10多年了。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据“ ‘During my first visit t China, my Chinese friends and their families always tk gd care f me and kept asking whether I was used t the life,’ she recalled (回忆).”可知，Prnpawee回忆中国朋友及其家人对她的照顾，并询问她是否适应生活，这体现中国人的“友好”。故“frinedly友好的”符合句意。故选A。
4．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了Prnpawee在社交媒体上发布短视频，通过不同的方式教授普通话并传播中国文化的故事。故选C。
6.（2025·重庆·一模）Chinese embridery (刺绣) has a histry f ver 2,000 years. It started during the Shang Dynasty (朝代) when peple used it t make clthing mre beautiful. Over time, it became an imprtant part f Chinese culture, shwing the skills and creativity f different places.
There are fur famus embridery styles in China. Su embridery frm Jiangsu uses very thin silk threads (线). Artists take mnths t make pictures f flwers r birds that lk almst real. Sme wrks even shw the same design perfectly n bth sides f the clth. Shu embridery frm Sichuan lves bright clrs. It ften shws things frm Sichuan like pandas eating bamb r fggy muntains. A special “fish-scale stitch” makes water animals lk alive. Xiang embridery frm Hunan makes animal fur lk shiny, while Yue embridery frm Guangdng uses glden threads fr dragn patterns, which were nce nly fr the king’s families.
Tday, embridery isn’t just fr traditinal clthes. Yu can find it n mdern dresses, bags, and even phne cases. T prtect this art, China named it a Natinal Cultural Heritage in 2006. Schls and museums nw teach yung peple embridery skills. Fr example, the Suzhu Embridery Schl trains students in ld techniques, and sme museums use cmputer tls t let students try “digital embridery” while learning its histry.
The gvernment prtects embridery because each style tells stries abut its hmetwn. Su embridery shws Jiangsu’s rivers and gardens, while Shu embridery brings Sichuan’s frests t life. By keeping these skills alive, China shares its culture with the wrld and cnnects past traditins t mdern life.
1．What makes Su embridery special?
A．Using thick wl threads rather than thin ne.B．Creating the same design n bth clth sides.
C．Drawing mdern and histric city views.D．Making clthes fr sprts and daily life.
2．Which embridery shws things nly fund in Sichuan?
A．Yue embridery.B．Xiang embridery.
C．Shu embridery.D．Su embridery.
3．Hw d schls and museums help yung peple learn embridery?
A．By teaching nly traditinal ryal patterns.B．By selling embridery prducts nline.
C．By rganizing cmpetitins fr freigners.D．By ffering classes and digital tls.
4．Why des the gvernment prtect different embridery styles?
A．T replace mdern fashin with traditinal art.B．T sell mre embridery prducts glbally.
C．T share stries abut their hmetwn’s culture.D．T fcus nly n Su embridery techniques.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国刺绣的历史，以及现在国家队刺绣的重视。
1．细节理解题。根据“Su embridery frm Jiangsu uses very thin silk threads (线). Artists take mnths t make pictures f flwers r birds that lk almst real. Sme wrks even shw the same design perfectly n bth sides f the clth.”可知，苏绣的特别之处在于作品在布的两面呈现完全相同的设计。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Shu embridery frm Sichuan lves bright clrs. It ften shws things frm Sichuan like pandas eating bamb r fggy muntains.”可知，蜀绣展示了熊猫吃竹子等四川特有元素。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“Schls and museums nw teach yung peple embridery skills. Fr example, the Suzhu Embridery Schl trains students in ld techniques, and sme museums use cmputer tls t let students try ‘digital embridery’ while learning its histry.”可知，学校和博物馆通过使用数字工具教授刺绣技能。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据“The gvernment prtects embridery because each style tells stries abut its hmetwn.”可知，说明政府保护刺绣是为了传承过去的传统文化。故选C。
7.（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，首字母填空。
Widely used fr thusands f years, Chinese fans nt nly are the perfect cnnectin f use and beauty, but als shw Chinese peple’s high r 1 fr their wnderful histry and culture. With the develpment f histry, there are many frms f fans.
The e 2 Chinese fans, Zhang fan, which were big, appeared arund the Shang Dynasty. The main use f them was t keep ut the strng sun and prtect peple frm the rain.
Althugh appearing in the Zhu Dynasty, feather (羽毛) fans weren’t lved by mst peple u 3 the Three Kingdm Perid. As is knwn t all, Zhuge Liang wh was a smart and great man f Shu Han, was always h 4 a feather fan. The feather fan is a symbl f w 5 and appears in literature and paintings nwadays.
During the Han Dynasty, the cattail-leaf fans (香蒲扇) were invented. The cattail leaf grew in the s 6 and was a gd material because it was nt as e 7 as early feather fans. Even thugh it wasn’t beautiful, the cattail-leaf fan was ppularized amng c 8 peple sn.
In the Sng Dynasty, fans in the shape f the mn, called “rund” fan, became the favurite f yung l 9 . The fan was usually made f bamb and white fine silk.
Beautiful pictures were als embridered (刺绣) n the face f the mn-shaped fan. Its ppularity even helped the develpment f painting i 10 . Frm the Sng Dynasty n, fan painting became an independent art frm.
【答案】1．(r)espect 2．(e)arliest 3．(u)ntil 4．(h)lding 5．(w)isdm 6．(s)uth 7．(e)xpensive 8．(c)mmn 9．(l)adies 10．(i)tself
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国扇子的发展历史及其文化意义。
1．句意：中国扇子被广泛使用了数千年，不仅是使用和美丽的完美结合，而且显示了中国人对他们精彩历史和文化的高度尊重。空处位于形容词high后，填名词作宾语。根据“fr their wnderful histry and culture”和首字母提示可知，此处指中国人尊重文化。respect“尊重”，不可数名词。故填(r)espect。
2．句意：最早的中国扇子“障扇”，很大，出现在商朝。根据“appeared arund the Shang Dynasty”和首字母提示可知，此处指最早的扇子。空处填形容词最高级作定语。early“早的”，形容词，最高级为earliest。故填(e)arliest。
3．句意：羽毛扇虽在周朝出现，但直到三国时期才受到大众喜爱。根据“feather (羽毛) fans weren’t lved by mst peple”和首字母提示可知，此处指羽扇直到三国时期才受到喜爱。until“直到”，介词。故填(u)ntil。
4．句意：众所周知，蜀汉智者诸葛亮总是手持羽毛扇。根据“Zhuge Liang wh was a smart and great man f Shu Han, was always”和首字母提示可知，诸葛亮手拿羽扇。根据“was always”可知，此句时态为过去进行时，结构为was ding。hld“拿着”，动词，现在分词为hlding。故填(h)lding。
5．句意：羽毛扇是智慧的象征，如今常见于文学和绘画中。空处位于f后，填名词。根据“Zhuge Liang wh was a smart and great man”和首字母提示可知，此处指智慧的象征。wisdm“智慧”，不可数名词。故填(w)isdm。
6．句意：香蒲叶生长在南方，是制作扇子的好材料，因为它没有早期的羽扇昂贵。根据“The cattail leaf grew in the”和首字母提示可知，此处指这种叶子生长在南方。suth“南方”，方位名词，作宾语。故填(s)uth。
7．句意：香蒲叶生长在南方，是制作扇子的好材料，因为它没有早期的羽扇昂贵。as+形容词或副词原级+as…“和……一样……”，空处位于was后，填形容词原级作表语。根据“early feather fans”和首字母提示可知，早期羽扇很贵。expensive“昂贵的”，形容词。故填(e)xpensive。
8．句意：尽管香蒲扇不美观，但它很快在平民中普及。空处位于名词peple前，填形容词作定语。根据“was ppularized amng”和首字母提示可知，香蒲扇受到普通人的欢迎。cmmn“普通的”，形容词。故填(c)mmn。
9．句意：在宋代，月形扇被叫做“团扇”，成为年轻女性的最爱。空处位于形容词yung后，填名词。根据“became the favurite f yung”和首字母提示可知，年轻女性喜欢团扇。lady“女士”，可数名词，前无冠词，用复数的ladies。故填(l)adies。
10．句意：它的流行甚至帮助了绘画产业本身的发展。根据“helped the develpment f painting”和首字母提示可知，此处指绘画产业“它自己”。itself“它自己”，反身代词，作painting的同位语。故填(i)tself。
8.（2025·江苏常州·模拟预测）The il-paper umbrella has a histry f ver 1, 000 years in China. It is used as a water-prf tl fr daily use.
One f the mst ppular 1 (stry) abut the umbrella is related t Lu Ban. It is said that nce he and his yunger sister visited the West Lake. It started raining suddenly. The sister said, “Let’s have 2 cmpetitin. Befre sunrise tmrrw, wh cmes up with a way t make it pssible fr peple t visit the West Lake even n rainy days will be the winner.” Many peple thught it was difficult t slve this prblem, 3 Lu Ban thught it was easy. He cllected sme tls and materials which were imprtant 4 (build) pavilins (凉亭) and started wrking.
The next mrning, Lu Ban lked at his wrks and talked abut them 5 (prud): “Lk, I 6 (finish) building pavilins arund the lake already.” At that time, his sister was hlding smething unusual in her hand. Lu Ban was surprised t find it culd 7 (pen) int a rund shape. He als fund that the bject was made f silk and bamb strips. It was light, beautiful and easy t carry. Lu Ban said, “Yu win. Yur ‘pavilin’ can prtect us 8 rain.” S the umbrella was invented.
Later, peple used much 9 (cheap) paper t make the umbrella, and brushed tung il acrss the surface t make it water-prf. That was 10 the il-paper umbrella was invented. It greatly helped ancient Chinese peple g ut n rainy days.
【答案】1．stries 2．a 3．but 4．t build 5．prudly 6．have finished 7．be pened 8．frm 9．cheaper 10．hw
【导语】本文讲述了中国油纸伞的起源故事。
1．句意：关于伞最流行的故事之一与鲁班有关。根据“ne f+名词复数”可知，此处需要名词复数，故填stries。
2．句意：妹妹说：“我们来比赛吧。根据“cmpetitin”可知，此处需要冠词，cmpetitin是辅音音素开头，a符合句意，故填a。
3．句意：许多人认为这个问题很难解决，但鲁班觉得很容易。根据“Lu Ban thught it was easy”可知，前后转折关系，but符合句意，故填but。
4．句意：他收集了一些工具和材料，这些对建造凉亭很重要，然后开始工作。根据“were imprtant”可知，be adj.+t d，此处用动词不定式，故填t build。
5．句意：第二天早上，鲁班看着他的作品，骄傲地谈论道： “看，我已经建完湖边的凉亭了。”根据“talked abut them”可知，副词修饰动词，prudly符合句意，故填prudly。
6．句意：第二天早上，鲁班看着他的作品，骄傲地谈论道： “看，我已经建完湖边的凉亭了。”根据“already”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，I是主语，have finished符合句意，故填have finished。
7．句意：鲁班惊讶地发现它可以被展开成圆形。根据“it”可知，主语与谓语动词是被动关系，情态动词后接动词原形，be pened符合句意，故填be pened。
8．句意：你的‘凉亭’可以保护我们免受雨淋。根据“prtect us”可知，prtect sb frm sth“保护某人免受……”，故填frm。
9．句意：后来，人们用更便宜的纸制作伞，并在表面刷上桐油以防水。根据“much”可知，需要比较级，cheaper符合句意，故填cheaper。
10．句意：这就是油纸伞如何被发明的。根据“the il-paper umbrella was invented”可知，雨伞如何被发明的，故填hw。
热点09 环境保护
1.（2025·山东潍坊·一模）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“The Arctic (北极) is dying,” researchers returning frm the Arctic have predicted.
Scientists frm 20 cuntries, including China, have been trying t cllect infrmatin abut climate change in the past few years. They predicted there wuld be n mre 1 in the Arctic during summer in the near future.
Glbal warming is 2 t Arctic life. Many animals search fr their fd n the ice. If they can’t d this anymre, they will die f hunger. 3 s many animals are dying, they have t change their way f life. Fr example. plar bears 4 sea ice t find their fd. When the sea ice melts (融化), they wn’t be able t 5 the hunger and are frced nt land. Scientists say the number f plar bears will drp by tw-thirds t less than 10,000 by 2050.
As the days get warmer, there’s 6 rain than snw in the Arctic. This hurts different kinds f animals. Many f them die because they can’t reach the fd under the ice. 7 the Wrld Wildlife Fund, the number f reindeer has drpped by 56 percent ver the last 20 years. Such lsses have als influenced peple 8 depend n reindeer fr a living. In Eurpe and Russia, sme peple raise thusands f reindeer. But as these animals are 9 , their traditinal ways f living may have t be changed in the future.
As we knw, envirnmental prblem is s serius that everyne shuld pay attentin t 10 . It needs ur effrts t carry ut every rule abut envirnmental prtectin. It’s time t get started and mve n.
1．A．fgB．iceC．rainD．light
2．A．harmfulB．similarC．psitiveD．narrw
3．A．UntilB．BefreC．ThughD．Since
4．A．depend nB．hide underC．search frD．take up
5．A．sweepB．feelC．standD．suffer
6．A．lessB．mreC．fewerD．heavier
7．A．Thanks tB．Because fC．Instead fD．Accrding t
8．A．whmB．whichC．whD．whse
9．A．disappearingB．survivingC．mvingD．living
10．A．themB．itC．thisD．thse
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B
【导语】本文主要讨论了全球变暖对北极生态系统的严重影响，特别是对动物和人类生活方式的威胁。
1．句意：他们预测，在不久的将来，北极夏季将不再有冰。
fg雾；ice冰；rain雨；light光。根据“The Arctic is dying”可知，北极由于气候变化导致夏季将不再有冰。故选B。
2．句意：全球变暖对北极生物有害。
harmful有害的；similar相似的；psitive积极的；narrw狭窄的。根据“Many animals search fr their fd n the ice. If they can’t d this anymre, they will die f hunger.”可知，全球变暖对北极生物有害。故选A。
3．句意：由于许多动物正在死亡，它们不得不改变生活方式。
Until直到；Befre在之前；Thugh尽管；Since由于。根据“s many animals are dying, they have t change their way f life.”可知，许多动物因为没有食物死亡，所以它们不得不改变生活方式。故选D。
4．句意：例如，北极熊依赖海冰觅食。
depend n依赖；hide under藏在下面；search fr寻找；take up占据。根据“plar bears… sea ice t find their fd”可知，它们依赖海冰觅食。故选A。
5．句意：当海冰融化时，它们将无法忍受饥饿，被迫上岸。
sweep清扫；feel感觉；stand忍受；suffer遭受。根据“the hunger and are frced nt land”可知，是它们无法忍受饥饿。故选C。
6．句意：随着天气变暖，北极的降雨量多于降雪量。
less更少；mre更多；fewer更少；heavier更重。根据“As the days get warmer”可知，全球变暖导致降雨增加，北极的降雨量多于降雪量。故选B。
7．句意：根据世界野生动物基金会的数据，驯鹿数量在过去20年下降了56%。
Thanks t多亏；Because f因为；Instead f代替；Accrding t根据。根据“the Wrld Wildlife Fund”可知，是根据世界野生动物基金会，是数据的来源。故选D。
8．句意：这些损失也影响了依赖驯鹿为生的人们。
whm谁；which哪个；wh谁；whse谁的。根据“peple… depend n reindeer fr a living”可知，是依赖驯鹿为生的人们，为定语从句，应使用“wh”指代人。故选C。
9．句意：但随着这些动物消失，他们的传统生活方式在将来可能不得不改变。
disappearing消失；surviving生存；mving移动；living生活。根据“the number f reindeer has drpped by 56 percent ver the last 20 years”可知，动物数量下降，正在慢慢消失。故选A。
10．句意：众所周知，环境问题如此严重，每个人都应该关注它。
them它们；it它；this这个；thse那些。根据“envirnmental prblem is s serius”可知，是关注环境问题，此处应使用“it”指代环境问题。故选B。
2.（2025·河北邯郸·一模）Did yu knw that ne-third f the fd we eat every day gets thrwn away, while ne in nine peple arund the wrld ges hungry? It takes abut 3072 hurs t prduce a single grain (单粒) f rice, yet it nly takes a secnd t waste it. In Octber, students frm Beijing N.8 Middle Schl visited an exhibitin center that shwed hw t recycle kitchen waste.
They saw hw kitchen waste, such as fruit peels and leftvers, culd be turned int smething useful. “First, peple cllect the kitchen waste and then crush (压碎) it. After that, they take ut the slid (固体的) part and break it dwn befre turning it int a sil cnditiner (土壤调理剂),” 13-year-ld Lu Zichen said. He added that this cnditiner can help imprve the quality f the sil.
The students als learned hw t make liquid fertilizer (液体肥料) frm kitchen waste. This fertilizer helps plants grw. Qi Yiming, 13, even tried making it himself. “It’s quite simple. First, yu place the kitchen waste int a cntainer. Then yu add micrbial agents (微生物菌剂), and let it sit fr a few days t get the fertilizer,” Qi explained. “I am s glad t use the chemical knwledge I learned t make liquid fertilizer myself. It is beneficial in daily life. It is a wnderful experience.”
Yu Qian, a teacher frm the schl and the rganizer f the activity, talked abut the imprtance f hands-n learning. “I hpe students nt nly fcus n the textbk but als g utside t put their knwledge int practice. It makes learning mre interesting and useful,” she said.
1．Hw des the writer begin the text?
A．By using a saying.B．By telling a stry.
C．By sending a message. D． By asking a questin.
2．What is the sil cnditiner used fr?
A．T break the slid part dwn.B．T crush the kitchen waste.
C．T imprve the quality f the sil.D．T cllect the kitchen waste.
3．What des paragraph 3 tell us?
A．Hw t learn chemistry well.B．Hw t cllect kitchen waste.
C．Hw t make liquid fertilizer.D．Hw t grw plants better.
4．Which wrd is clse t the underlined wrd “beneficial”?
A．Thankful.B．Helpful.C．Useless.D．Hpeless.
5．Which can be a prper title fr the text?
A．Ways t Recycle Kitchen Waste.B．The Serius Prblem f Fd Waste.
C．A Visit t the Exhibitin Center.D．The Imprtance f Prtecting the Envirnment.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过北京八中学生参观厨余垃圾回收展览的经历，揭示了全球食物浪费与饥饿问题的矛盾，并展示了如何将厨余垃圾转化为土壤调理剂和液体肥料的过程，强调了实践学习对知识应用和环保意识培养的重要性。
1．细节理解题。根据文章“Did yu knw that ne-third f the fd we eat every day gets thrwn away, while ne in nine peple arund the wrld ges hungry?”可知，作者以提问的方式开篇。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据文章“He added that this cnditiner can help imprve the quality f the sil.”可知，土壤调理剂用于改善土壤质量。故选C。
3．主旨大意题。根据文章“The students als learned hw t make liquid fertilizer frm kitchen waste.”及后续步骤描述可知，第三段主要讲述制作液体肥料的方法。故选C。
4．词义猜测题。根据“I am s glad t use the chemical knwledge I learned t make liquid fertilizer myself. It is beneficial in daily life.”可知，是指用学到的化学知识自己制作液体肥料。这在日常生活中是有益的。因此“beneficial”与“helpful”同义。故选B。
5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文围绕厨余垃圾回收利用的方法展开，如制作土壤调理剂和液体肥料。故选A。
3.（2025·安徽合肥·一模）Nagchu City, in nrthern Xizang, is very imprtant fr Asia’s water resurces. It is where big rivers like the Yangtze River, Nujiang River, and Lancang River begin. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, where Nagchu is, is called the “water twer f Asia” because its glaciers (冰川) prvide water fr many main rivers in Suth and Sutheast Asia.
T prtect this area, the lcal gvernment and peple are wrking tgether. They have set up a system t check and care fr the envirnment. In Nagchu, effrts are being made t reduce human influences n the glaciers by limiting (限制) turism and climbing in sme places. The gvernment is wrking t make water cleaner and cntrl sil lss. It is trying t increase snwfall artificially (人工地) t help the glaciers grw. Restring grasslands arund the glaciers is anther imprtant step in keeping the envirnment healthy.
The lcal gvernment als plays a key rle in the prtectin. Researchers like Xu Qiangqiang wrk hard t study and prtect the glaciers. They use the latest technlgy t check the glaciers and manage the envirnment.
Xu pinted ut that the methds used by the Chinese gvernment t prtect this place are wrth sharing with the wrld.
1．What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 1 refer t?
A．The City f Nagchu.B．Asia’s water resurces.
C．The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.D．Suth and Sutheast Asia.
2．Which methd is mentined t help glaciers grw?
A．Building twers n rivers.B．Creating artificial snwfall.
C．Planting trees arund glaciers.D．Stpping all human activities nearby.
3．What is Xu Qiangqiang’s wrk?
A．Encuraging turism in Nagchu.
B．Using technlgy t study glaciers.
C．Reducing water pllutin in Sutheast Asia.
D．Teaching lcal peple abut sil lss cntrl.
4．Which f the fllwing might Xu agree with?
A．The methds we used are nt suitable in ther places.
B．The technlgy in ther cuntries is nt prperly used.
C．Chinese gvernment has the Wrld’s smartest methds.
D．The wrld can learn frm the way f prtecting the place.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了西藏那曲市作为亚洲水塔的重要性，以及当地政府和人民为保护冰川和水资源所采取的措施，包括限制旅游、人工增雪、恢复草原等，并强调这些方法值得全球借鉴。
1．词句猜测题。根据“Nagchu City, in nrthern Xizang, is very imprtant fr Asia’s water resurces.”可知，那曲市是长江、怒江、澜沧江等大河的发源地。划线词“it”指代的是前面的“Nagchu City”。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“It is trying t increase snwfall artificially (人工地) t help the glaciers grw.”可知，政府正尝试通过人工增雪帮助冰川增长。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“Researchers like Xu Qiangqiang wrk hard t study and prtect the glaciers. They use the latest technlgy t check the glaciersand manage the envirnment.”可知，研究人员致力于研究保护冰川，运用最新技术监测冰川，由此可知，他的工作是利用技术研究冰川。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“Xu pinted ut that the methds used by the Chinese gvernment t prtect this place are wrth sharing with the wrld.”可知，他认为全球可借鉴这些保护措施。故选D。
4.（2025·陕西咸阳·二模）While studying a map f China, have yu ever nticed the Mu Us Desert (毛乌索沙地) in the nrthwest? If yu haven’t, then yu prbably never will. 1
Yu might wnder: Why is this happening? Wh is the “killer”? Well, this is nt a murder (谋杀) stry. It is, instead, the result f years f effrts f tree planting. 2 Sandstrms were cmmn in nrthern Shaanxi. Lts f peple had t leave their hmes.
The fight against desertificatin (沙漠化) began in the 1970s. The wrk was mre than tiring. Shi Guangyin led a team in Bulanghe t plant trees, a twn in Yulin, Shaanxi. 3 That night, hwever, a strng wind blew away all the yung trees. Crying was useless. The next day, the team replanted all the trees.
4 One f them is Gu Chengwang. With encuragement frm the gvernment, in 1985, he started t plant trees in his village. Gu is nw in his nineties. His children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren have cntinued the jb. The family has turned 30 square kilmeters f desert int wds.
These trees have made a big difference. In Yulin, 5 With cntinuing effrts, the Mu Us Desert will be gne. Our mtherland is becming greener and lvelier.
A．They nce spent the whle afternn planting trees under a burning sun.
B．the number f sandy days has increased a lt since then.
C．the number f sandy days has drpped frm 100 in 2000 t 10 nw.
D．The Mu Us used t be ne f the largest deserts in China.
E．There used t be few sandstrms in nrthern Shaanxi.
F．That’s because the desert is becming smaller and smaller.
G．In Yulin, there are many ther sandstrm fighters.
【答案】1．F 2．D 3．A 4．G 5．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国西北部的毛乌素沙漠正在消失的情况。
1．根据“If yu haven’t, then yu prbably never will.”可知，后面应该解释为什么可能永远不会注意到，选项F“那是因为沙漠变得越来越小。”符合语境。故选F。
2．根据“Sandstrms were cmmn in nrthern Shaanxi. Lts f peple had t leave their hmes.”可知，这里需要先介绍毛乌素沙地过去的情况，选项D“毛乌素曾经是中国最大的沙漠之一。”符合语境，故选D。
3．根据“Shi Guangyin led a team in Bulanghe t plant trees, a twn in Yulin, Shaanxi.”和“That night, hwever, a strng wind blew away all the yung trees.”可知，这里应该描述他们植树的过程，选项A“他们曾在烈日下花整个下午种树。”符合语境。故选A。
4．根据“One f them is Gu Chengwang.”可知，此处需引出其他治沙人，选项G“榆林还有许多其他治沙战士。”符合语境。故选G。
5．根据“These trees have made a big difference.”以及“With cntinuing effrts, the Mu Us Desert will be gne. Our mtherland is becming greener and lvelier.”可知，这里应该具体说明树带来的影响，选项C“沙尘天气的数量从2000年的100天下降到了现在的10天。”符合语境，故选C。
5.（24-25九年级下·安徽安庆·阶段练习）保护环境，就是守护我们赖以生存的家园，让蓝天白云、碧水青山成为永恒的风景。请你以Hw t Prtect the Envirnment in Our City为题，写一篇书面表达。
要点：1. 描述你所在城市的环境现状，例如空气污染、水污染、噪音污染等。
2. 分析造成这些环境问题的原因，例如：汽车尾气（car exhaust）、工厂排放、乱扔垃圾等。
3. 提出至少四条切实可行的解决方案，例如：乘坐公共交通工具、减少使用塑料袋、进行垃圾分类、参与植树活动等。
4. 呼吁大家共同努力，保护城市环境。
（作文请包含上述要点，不少于100词，文章开头已给，不计入总词数）
Nwadays the envirnment in ur city is nt s gd. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文：
Nwadays the envirnment in ur city is nt s gd. The air is ften plluted with smg, especially during rush hurs, due t the large number f cars n the rad. Water pllutin is als a serius prblem, as many factries discharge untreated waste int rivers. Additinally, nise pllutin frm cnstructin sites and traffic has becme increasingly disturbing.
There are several reasns fr these envirnmental issues. Firstly, car exhaust is a majr cntributr t air pllutin. Secndly, factries ften priritize prfits ver envirnmental prtectin, leading t harmful emissins. Lastly, many peple still litter carelessly, which nt nly affects the cleanliness f the city but als harms wildlife.
T address these prblems, we can take the fllwing actins. First, we shuld use public transprtatin mre ften t reduce car emissins. Secnd, we can reduce the use f plastic bags by bringing reusable bags when shpping. Third, we shuld practice waste srting t make recycling mre efficient. Finally, participating in tree-planting activities can help imprve air quality and beautify ur city.
Prtecting the envirnment is everyne’s respnsibility. Let’s wrk tgether t make ur city a cleaner and healthier place t live.
6.（2025·甘肃陇南·模拟预测）“以爱为笔，绘就地球生机”。4月22日是世界地球日，作为中学生的我们也应为保护地球贡献自己的力量，请你根据下面的表格写一篇关于保护环境爱护地球的文章。
要求： 1. 词数80词左右；
2. 要点齐全，可适当发挥；
3. 文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文
As we all knw, ur envirnment is getting wrse and wrse. There are many reasns fr it. Peple cut dwn t many trees and thrw rubbish here and there. Factries let ut their waste water int the rivers. This has caused sme serius prblems. Fr example, the land is sandy; the river is plluted; even the temperature f the Earth is rising. Als, there are t many cars in the street. The air is plluted and less clean than befre.
What shall we d t save it? My suggestins are as fllws. T begin with, we shuld plant mre trees, put the rubbish int dustbins and stp factries puring waste int the air r rivers. What’s mre, when we g ut, we can use sharing bikes r take buses instead f taking cars. As students, we must start small things. At schl we can use bth sides f paper. At hme we als can use used water t water flwers. They can save energy and be gd fr ur Earth.
We have nly ne Earth, and we shuld d everything t prtect it, r we’ll regret.
热点10.其他社会热点（人口老年化问题，理发师晓华因，美国加州火灾，高速列车CR450，北京至中亚货运班列，自动驾驶汽车，中国对多国实行免签政策，延长课间休息时间，《黑神话：悟空》）
1.（2025·山东济南·一模）China has the largest ppulatin in the wrld. In rder t cntrl the ppulatin, China started t 1 the ne-child plicy in 1979. And it made great 2 .
Hwever, as the time went by, many peple saw nt nly its advantages but als disadvantages. S in 2016, ur gvernment started a 3 plicy—the tw-child plicy. Many peple believed that if ne cuple (夫妻) had tw children, the children culd 4 the burden (负担) f taking care f their parents. But 5 the develpment f the sciety, things began t change. The number f new-brn babies in China keeps a very 6 increase and it even seems t fall these years. We walk int an aging sciety.
In rder t meet the need f a fast aging sciety and ffer strnger 7 t families, the Chinese gvernment decides t carry ut a three-child plicy in June 2021. It 8 ne cuple t have three children. The new plicy marks the 9 f the tw-child plicy. Experts hpe the new plicy can change the 10 f a falling ppulatin. Hwever, many cuples wuld like t have a secnd child, they 11 have a third ne. They’re wrried abut the high cst f 12 child and they dn’t want t spent t much time 13 a new baby, 14 the gvernment prmises t take sme measures t 15 the cuples t raise three children. What will the new plicy bring t the sciety is still n the way.
1．A．cme utB．take utC．carry utD．wrk ut
2．A．prgressB．failureC．successD．change
3．A．newB．ldC．amazingD．strange
4．A．divideB．shareC．reduceD．rise
5．A．withutB．withC．fD．frm
6．A．fastB．lateC．quickD．slw
7．A．supprtB．guideC．prductD．prgress
8．A．avidsB．requiresC．allwsD．asks
9．A．endB．prgressC．peridD．beginning
10．A．prjectB．prgramC．situatinD．frm
11．A．accept tB．refuse tC．frce tD．try t
12．A．a thirdB．a secndC．a furthD．a fifth
13．A．inB．atC．frD．n
14．A．althughB．asC．evenD．but
15．A．suggestB．encurageC．avidD．advice
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．D 14．A 15．B
【导语】本文主要讲为了控制人口，中国从1979年开始实行独生子女政策，为了解决人口老年化问题，中国政府在2021年6月实施三孩政策，专家们希望新政策能够改变人口下降的局面，尽管政府承诺采取一些措施鼓励夫妇抚养三个孩子，但很多夫妇担心生第三个孩子的费用太高，拒绝生三孩。
1．句意：为了控制人口，中国从1979年开始实行独生子女政策。
cme n加油；take ut取出；carry ut执行；wrk ut解答。根据“In rder t cntrl the ppulatin”和“the ne-child plicy”可知，为了控制人口，实行独生子女政策。故选C。
2．句意：它取得了巨大的成功。
prgress进步；failure失败；success成功；change变化。根据常识，中国实施独生子女政策在控制人口方面取得了很大的成功。故选C。
3．句意：所以在2016年，我们的政府开始了一项新的政策——二孩政策。
new新的；ld老的；amazing惊奇的；strange陌生的。根据“the tw-child plicy”可知，相对独生子女政策，这是一个新政策。故选A。
4．句意：很多人认为如果一对夫妻有两个孩子，孩子会分担照顾父母的责任。
divide分开；share分享；reduce减少；rise上升。根据“... the burden f lking after their parents”的语境并结合选项可知，此处指分担责任。故选B。
5．句意：但是随着社会的发展，事情开始发生变化。
withut没有；with有；f……的；frm从。根据“things began t change”可知，此处表示随着社会的发展，with the develpment f the sciety“随着社会的发展”，固定搭配。故选B。
6．句意：在中国，新生婴儿的数量保持着非常缓慢的增长，这些年来甚至似乎在下降。
fast快的；late晚的；quick快的；slw慢的。根据“it even seems t fall these years”可知，新生婴儿的数量增长缓慢。故选D。
7．句意：为了满足快速老龄化社会的需求，为家庭提供更强大的支持，中国政府决定于2021年6月实施三孩政策。
supprt支持；guide指导；prduct产品；prgress进步。根据“ Chinese gvernment decides t carry ut a three-child plicy in June 2021”的语境并结合选项可知，三孩政策是对众多家庭的强大支持。故选A。
8．句意：它允许一对夫妇生三个孩子。
avids避免；requires要求；allws允许；asks问。根据上文“ Chinese gvernment decides t carry ut a three-child plicy in June 2021”可知，三孩政策允许一对夫妇生三个孩子。故选C。
9．句意：新政策标志着二孩政策的结束。
end结束；prcess过程；perid期间；beginning开始。根据上文“ Chinese gvernment decides t carry ut a three-child plicy in June 2021”可知，实行三孩政策标志着二孩政策的结束。故选A。
10．句意：专家们希望新政策能够改变人口下降的局面。
prject项目；prgram节目；situatin形势；frm形式。根据“ a falling ppulatin”的语境并结合选项可知，此处指改变人口下降的情况。故选C。
11．句意：然而，许多夫妇想要第二个孩子，他们拒绝生第三个。
accept t接受；refuse t拒绝；frce t迫使；try t尽力。根据下文“They’re wrried abut the high cst f a…child...”可知，许多夫妇担心三孩费用高拒绝生第三个。故选B。
12．句意：尽管政府承诺采取一些措施鼓励夫妇抚养三个孩子，他们担心生第三个孩子的费用太高，他们不想花太多时间在一个新生孩上。
a third第三个；a secnd再一；a furth第四个；a fifth第五个。根据上文“they …have a third ne”可知，他们不愿要三孩，此处解释不要第三个孩子的原因。故选A。
13．句意：尽管政府承诺采取一些措施鼓励夫妇抚养三个孩子，他们担心生第三个孩子的费用太高，他们不想花太多时间在一个新生孩上。
in在……里；at在；fr为了；n在……上面。spend time n sth.“花时间在某事上”，是固定搭配。故选D。
14．句意：尽管政府承诺采取一些措施鼓励夫妇抚养三个孩子，他们担心生第三个孩子的费用太高，他们不想花太多时间在一个新生孩上。
althugh尽管；as随着；even甚至；but但是。根据“They’re wrried abut the high cst f …child and they dn’t want t spent t much time…a new baby…the gvernment prmises t take sme measures t…the cuples t raise three children.”的语境可知，此处句意发生了让步，指尽管政府鼓励，但他们担心费用高，不想花时间在新生孩上，用althugh引导让步状语从句。故选A。
15．句意：尽管政府承诺采取一些措施鼓励夫妇抚养三个孩子，他们担心生第三个孩子的费用太高，他们不想花太多时间在一个新生孩上。
suggest建议；encurage鼓励；avid避免；advice建议。根据上文“ Chinese gvernment decides t carry ut a three-child plicy in June 2021”可知，此处指鼓励夫妻养育第三个孩子。故选B。
2.（2025·广东深圳·模拟）
A game called “Black Myth: Wukng” has recently becme a ht tpic wrldwide. Since the release (发布) f the game, ver 1 players have paid fr it.
Based n a 2 classic nvel, Jurney t the West, the game allws peple t experience Chinese traditinal culture 3 the fun and jy f playing the game. Wukng, r Mnkey King, is the main character in the bk. The stry is abut a series f 4 f a mnk (和尚) and his three fllwers including Wukng, wh is knwn fr his 5 abilities and curage.
Black Myth is receiving a lt f 6 fr its artistic design and cultural influence. The game is s attractive that players 7 learn mre abut Chinese culture. As a result, the interest in ancient Chinese literature has als 8 amng yung peple. Even thse wh were nt fans f Chinese classics befre may feel encuraged t read the bk.
9 , games r mvies rich in cultural elements can be cnsidered as a type f cultural exchange. Playing the game culd be a jurney t experience the beauty f Chinese culture — its music, landscapes, buildings, r even clthing.
Traditinal culture is right there, waiting t be discvered. What we can d is t give peple a 10 lk with better technlgy and mre creative ideas.
1．A．180B．1,800C．18,000D．18,000,000
2．A．JapaneseB．ChineseC．AmericanD．Eurpean
3．A．in additin tB．except frC．as a result fD．as sn as
4．A．exchangesB．adventuresC．cmplaintsD．failures
5．A．rdinaryB．supernaturalC．unfrgettableD．impssible
6．A．cmfrtB．encuragementC．praiseD．curage
7．A．have n time tB．get clse tC．can’t wait tD．get a chance t
8．A．increasedB．decreasedC．describedD．intrduced
9．A．In needB．At lastC．In factD．On purpse
10．A．biggerB．clserC．simplerD．tinier
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B
【导语】本文介绍了游戏《黑神话：悟空》的全球热度及其对中国传统文化的传播作用。
1．句意：自游戏发布以来，已有超过1800万玩家付费。
180；1800；18000；18000000。根据“全球热度”和“付费玩家数量”可知，1800万更符合实际情况。故选D。
2．句意：基于中国经典小说《西游记》，这个游戏让人们体验中国传统文化，同时享受游戏的乐趣。
Japanese日本的；Chinese中国的；American美国的；Eurpean欧洲的。根据“Jurney t the West”可知，是中国经典小说，故选B。
3．句意：基于中国经典小说《西游记》，这个游戏让人们体验中国传统文化，同时享受游戏的乐趣。
in additin t除了……之外还有；except fr除了……之外；as a result f由于；as sn as一……就……。根据“allws peple t experience Chinese traditinal fun and jy f playing the game.”可知，这里是指这个游戏可以让人们体验中国传统文化，同时享受游戏的乐趣。故选A。
4．句意：故事讲述了一位和尚和他的三位徒弟的一系列冒险，其中包括以超自然能力和勇气而闻名的悟空。
exchanges交流；adventures冒险；cmplaints抱怨；failures失败。根据“Jurney t the West”的内容可知，这是一个冒险故事，故选B。
5．句意：故事讲述了一位和尚和他的三位徒弟的一系列冒险，其中包括以超自然能力和勇气而闻名的悟空。
rdinary普通的；supernatural超自然的；unfrgettable难忘的；impssible不可能的。根据“ and curage.”可知，这是指超自然的能力。故选B。
6．句意：《黑神话》因其艺术设计和文化影响而受到大量赞扬。
cmfrt安慰；encuragement鼓励；praise赞扬；curage勇气。根据“Black Myth is receiving a lt its artistic design and cultural influence.”可知，这里是指受到了大量赞扬。故选C。
7．句意：游戏如此吸引人，以至于玩家迫不及待地想要了解更多中国文化。
have n time t没有时间；get clse t接近；can’t wait t迫不及待；get a chance t有机会。根据“The game is s attractive that mre abut Chinese culture”可知，这里是指玩家迫不及待地想要了解更多中国文化，故选C。
8．句意：年轻人对中国古代文学的兴趣也因此增加了。
increased增加；decreased减少；described描述；intrduced介绍。根据“the interest in ancient Chinese literature has yung peple”可知，这里是指对中国古代文学的兴趣增加了，故选A。
9．句意：事实上，富含文化元素的游戏或电影可以被视为一种文化交流。
In need需要；At last最后；In fact事实上；On purpse故意。根据“ r mvies rich in cultural elements can be cnsidered as a type f cultural exchange.”可知，这里是指对文化交流的总结，故选C。
10．句意：我们能做的是用更好的技术和更有创意的想法让人们更近距离地观察。
bigger更大；clser更近；simpler更简单；tinier更小。根据“give peple with better technlgy and mre creative ideas.”可知，这里是指让人们更近距离地观察。故选B。
3.（2025·广东东莞·模拟预测）A hairdresser wh ges by the nickname Xiahua has becme famus n the Internet because she tries t understand what 1 really want. Since vides f her cutting hair attracted much attentin n scial media platfrm Duyin, many viewers have cme t her live streaming t learn her 2 r simply t talk. Excited fans are even cming t visit her shp in Huaihua, a city in Hunan prvince, t get a haircut.
Xiahua, 3 real name is Li Jing, first started t put vides n Duyin in February. At first, they didn’t get much attentin. But last mnth, ne f her vides 4 attracted lts f views, as nline users 5 her fr listening and understanding custmers’ needs. Many have invited her t pen stres in their hmetwns r t give lectures t hairdressers acrss the cuntry.
Facing such great 6 , Xiahua said she des nt cnsider herself a prfessinal hairdresser. She believes there are many mre hairdressers wh have better skills. She mstly cuts hair fr male custmers and 7 30 yuan ($4) fr each haircut. She serves abut 30 custmers a day and is fully 8 thrugh the end f the year. “I am the mst cmmn hairdresser. There is nthing special abut me,” she said. “I have nt cnsidered raising the price fr a haircut because the trust frm peple is 9 enugh.”
And 10 Xiahua, Huaihua is nw htter than ever. Mre and mre peple are visiting, trying the lcal fd, and explring beautiful places there. It’s a great example that ne persn’s talent can make a city famus.
1．A．familyB．friendsC．custmersD．strangers
2．A．secretsB．skillsC．striesD．achievements
3．A．whB．whseC．whichD．that
4．A．hardlyB．wiselyC．cmpletelyD．suddenly
5．A．praisedB．spreadC．dubtedD．plished
6．A．successB．ppularityC．wealthD．energy
7．A．cstsB．chargesC．takesD．spends
8．A．bkedB．repeatedC．punishedD．prduced
9．A．interestingB．fascinatingC．satisfyingD．memrizing
10．A．accrding tB．thanks tC．sticking tD．leading t
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B
【导语】本文讲述了理发师晓华因其在抖音上发布的理发视频而走红，她通过倾听和理解顾客的需求赢得了众多粉丝，不仅吸引了众多顾客到她的理发店，还让她的家乡湖南省怀化市受到了更多关注。
1．句意：一位昵称叫晓华的理发师在网上走红，因为她努力去理解顾客们真正想要的东西。
family家庭，家人；friends朋友；custmers顾客；strangers陌生人。理发师的服务对象是顾客，理解顾客需求是理发师工作要点，这里说她走红是因为努力理解顾客需求。可知，这里应选能体现理发师服务对象的词，故选C。
2．句意：自从她理发的视频在社交媒体平台抖音上引起广泛关注后，许多观众来到她的直播间学习她的技能或者只是聊聊天。
secrets秘密；skills技能，技巧；stries故事；achievements成就。观众到直播间是学习与理发相关内容，理发技能是合理学习对象，相比其他选项更符合语境。可知，应选与理发相关可学习的内容，故选B。
3．句意：晓华，其真名是李静，在二月开始在抖音上发布视频。
wh关系代词，在从句中作主语或宾语，指代人；whse关系代词，在从句中作定语，意为“谁的”；which关系代词，指代物，在从句中作主语或宾语；that关系代词，可指代人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。这里先行词是“Xiahua”（人），从句中“real name”前需要表示所属关系的引导词，“whse”符合要求。可知，需要表示所属关系指代人的关系代词，故选B。
4．句意：但上个月，她的一个视频突然吸引了大量观看量。
hardly几乎不；wisely明智地；cmpletely完全地；suddenly突然地。前文说一开始视频没多少关注，“but”表转折，说明视频突然吸引大量观看量，“suddenly”符合转折后的语义。可知，这里需要表示转折后视频突然受关注的词，故选D。
5．句意：因为网友们赞扬她倾听并理解顾客需求。
praised赞扬；spread传播，散布；dubted怀疑；plished擦亮，润色。她因倾听理解顾客需求走红，网友对她这种行为应是赞扬态度，“praised”符合语境。可知，需要表示网友正面评价的词，故选A。
6．句意：面对如此高的人气，晓华说她不认为自己是专业理发师。
success成功；ppularity受欢迎，知名度；wealth财富；energy能量。前文讲述她在网上走红，受到很多关注，“ppularity”能体现这种受欢迎程度和知名度，符合语境。可知，这里应选体现她受关注程度的词，故选B。
7．句意：她主要为男性顾客理发，每次理发收费30元（4美元）。
csts花费，主语通常是物；charges收费，索价，主语通常是人；takes花费，常用于“It takes sb. +时间+ t d sth.”结构；spends花费，主语是人，常用于“spend +时间/金钱+ n sth./(in) ding sth.”结构。主语是“She”（人），表示理发收费，“charges”符合用法和语义。可知，主语是人表示收费，应选B。
8．句意：她每天接待大约30位顾客，并且预约排满到年底。
bked预订，预约；repeated重复；punished惩罚；prduced生产。根据语境，她很受欢迎，顾客多，是预约排满，“bked”有“预约”之意，符合语义。可知，这里需要表示预约的词，故选A。
9．句意：我没有考虑过提高理发价格，因为人们的信任就已经足够令人满意了。
interesting有趣的；fascinating（迷人的，极有吸引力的；satisfying令人满意的；memrizing记忆，记住。她觉得人们的信任让她觉得不需要提价，“satisfying”表示这种信任给她带来的感受，即已足够、令人满意。可知，需要表示信任带来的感受是足够的词，故选C。
10．句意：多亏晓华，怀化现在比以往任何时候都更火。
accrding t根据，按照；thanks t由于，多亏；sticking t坚持，遵守；leading t导致。花垣变火是因为晓华的走红，“thanks t”可引出原因，符合语境。可知，这里需要表示因果关系引出原因的短语，故选B。
4.（2025·广东东莞·一模）Recently, the wildfires in Califrnia, USA have caught the wrld’s eye. On January 7, 2025, a fire started near Palisades (帕利塞兹) in western Ls Angeles Cunty. Later, the fire 1 quickly eastward because f the strng Santa Ana winds (圣安娜风).
By January 13, the 2 was really bad. 24 peple lst their lives and 16 were missing. In just a few days, mre than 12,300 buildings, including many hmes, were burned dwn. Universities had t clse, and lts f peple became 3 . What’s wrse, 105 fires brke ut acrss the area, and the 4 burned area reached 162.68 square kilmeters.
The lcal gvernment and firefighters are wrking hard. Firefighters frm nearby areas and ther cuntries 5 . They used helicpters (直升机) and fire trucks. But the strng winds and large burned areas made it very difficult t 6 the fires.
These Califrnia wildfires are really terrible. They shuld be a 7 t peple all ver the wrld. Althugh we live far away frm Califrnia, we all share the 8 earth. We need t get alng well with 9 . Fr example, we can save water and electricity, 10 frests and grasslands. Let’s wrk tgether t keep ur earth beautiful and peaceful.
1．A．ranB．spreadC．flewD．arrived
2．A．instructinB．psitinC．peratinD．situatin
3．A．uselessB．carelessC．hmelessD．fearless
4．A．ttalB．specialC．nrmalD．usual
5．A．tk inB．mved inC．jined inD．drpped in
6．A．put utB．put upC．take awayD．take ut
7．A．warningB．exampleC．nticeD．suggestin
8．A．differentB．bigC．smallD．same
9．A．animalsB．pepleC．natureD．cities
10．A．buildB．prtectC．plantD．imprve
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了2025年1月美国加州爆发的严重野火灾情及其影响，并呼吁全球共同关注环境保护。
1．句意：随后，由于强烈的圣安娜风，火势迅速向东蔓延。
ran跑；spread蔓延；flew飞；arrived到达。根据“quickly”可知，火势迅速蔓延。故选B。
2．句意：截至1月13日，情况变得非常糟糕。
instructin指示；psitin位置；peratin操作；situatin情况。根据“was really bad”可知，情况变得非常糟糕。故选D。
3．句意：大学被迫关闭，许多人无家可归。
useless无用的；careless粗心的；hmeless无家可归的；fearless无畏的。根据“mre than 12,300 buildings, including many hmes, were burned dwn.”可知，人们无家可归，故选C。
4．句意：更糟糕的是，该地区爆发了105场火灾，总火宅面积达到162.68平方公里。
ttal总的；special特殊的；nrmal正常的；usual通常的。根据“burned area reached 162.68 square kilmeters.”可知，总火宅面积达到162.68平方公里。故选A。
5．句意：来自附近地区和其他国家的消防员也加入了救援。
tk in吸收；mved in搬入；jined in加入；drpped in顺便拜访。根据“ther cuntries”可知，其他国家加入，故选C。
6．句意：但强风和巨大的燃烧面积使得灭火工作异常困难。
put ut扑灭；put up张贴；take away拿走；take ut取出。根据“the fires”可知，扑灭大火，故选A。
7．句意：它们应该成为对全世界人们的警示。
warning警告；example例子；ntice通知；suggestin建议。根据“peple all ver the wrld”可知，是一种警告，故选A。
8．句意：尽管我们远离加利福尼亚，但我们共享同一个地球。
different不同的；big大的；small小的；same相同的。根据“earth”可知，共享同一个地球。故选D。
9．句意：我们需要与自然和谐相处。
animals动物；peple人们；nature自然；cities城市。根据“Fr example, we can save water and electricity,”可知，与自然和谐相处。故选C。
10．句意：例如，我们可以节约水电，保护森林和草原。
build建造；prtect保护；plant种植；imprve改善。根据“frests and grasslands”可知，保护森林和草原。故选B。
5.（2025·山东济南·一模）On March 19, 2025, a train carrying 90 cntainers (集装箱) left Beijing Fangshan, starting a histric 5,000-kilmeter jurney t Tashkent, Uzbekistan. This first-ever Beijing-Central Asia freight train (货运班列) transprted car parts, medical prducts, and machines, which are wrth $2.2 millin. It amazed the wrld by cmpleting the trip in just 14 days—30% faster than traditinal sea shipping.
The success f this prject cmes frm the creative teamwrk f tw Chinese transprt cmpanies. Engineer Li Wei and his team wrked thrugh bad weather t make sure that the train was safe. “Wrking with different cuntries’ rules was like slving a difficult internatinal puzzle,” Li said. Their hard wrk paid ff, with the train keeping a perfect n-time recrd since its start.
This rail has created imprtant business and scial advantages. Lcal factries reprt a 35% increase in verseas rders t Central Asia since the service started. The manager frm a medical cmpany in Beijing said, “The train has cut ur transprt time greatly, helping us cmpete better in new markets.” What’s mre, a strng transprtatin netwrk has been frmed, which helped build clser relatinships between the areas. And this has made Beijing an imprtant trade center between Asia and Eurpe.
Besides its business value, the train expresses China’s wish f internatinal cmmunicatin under the Belt and Rad (一带一路). This prject is nt just abut trade; it is als abut building friendships and understanding between cuntries. By cnnecting China with Central Asia, the train helps peple share ideas, cultures, and chances. Fr example, Central Asian students can nw study in China mre easily, and Chinese businesses can learn abut new markets. This kind f cperatin shws hw wrking tgether can create a better future fr everyne.
As the train cntinues its jurney, it carries nt nly gds but als the prmise f strnger relatinships and shared success. With every mile it travels, the train will bring us clser t a future f teamwrk and grwth, inspiring hpe fr a better wrld.
1．Hw lng did the Beijing-Central Asia trip take by sea shipping?
A．10 days.B．14 days.C．20 days.D．30 days.
2．What can we learn frm the secnd paragraph?
A．Li Wei’s team vercame the bad weather.B．Tw cmpanies cmpeted in the prject.
C．The train is ften late because f the weather.D．Internatinal rules were simple t deal with.
3．What is the main idea f the third paragraph?
A．The trade histry f Beijing.B．The advantages f the train service.
C．The increase in verseas rders.D．The clser relatinships between the areas.
4．Accrding t paragraph 4, what rle des the rail play in educatin?
A．Building new schls.B．Reducing schl csts.
C．Training freign teachers.D．Supprting verseas study.
5．What des the writer think f the prject?
A．Peaceful.B．Unbelievable.C．Prmising.D．Risky.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了首列北京至中亚货运班列的历史性旅程及其在商业、社会和国际交流方面的重要意义。
1．细节理解题。根据“It amazed the wrld by cmpleting the trip in just 14 days—30% faster than traditinal sea shipping.”可知，北京至中亚货运班列仅用14天完成旅程，比传统海运快30%。由此可推知，海运时间为14÷(1-0.3)=20天。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Engineer Li Wei and his team wrked thrugh bad weather t make sure that the train was safe.”可知，工程师李伟及其团队克服恶劣天气确保列车安全。故选A。
3．细节理解题。通读第三段并根据“This rail has created imprtant business and scial advantages.”可知，第三段主要介绍了列车服务的优势。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“Central Asian students can nw study in China mre easily”可知，铁路运输支持海外留学。故选D。
5．观点态度题。根据“it carries nt nly gds but als the prmise f strnger relatinships and shared success. With every mile it travels, the train will bring us clser t a future f teamwrk and grwth, inspiring hpe fr a better wrld.”可知，列车承载更强关系与共同成功的承诺，带来更美好的希望。由此可推测，作者认为该项目充满希望。故选C。
6.（2025九年级·北京·专题练习）Self-driving cars d nt have peple telling them what t d. They mve themselves abut safely by ding three things right: learning abut the envirnment, deciding what t d next, and taking actin.
First, the car needs t knw what is arund it. It uses many different sensrs (传感器) t d this. These sensrs, such as cameras and radar, are like the car’s “eyes”. They allw the car t “see” things such as peple and traffic lights. The sensrs als help the car knw where and hw fast it is ging.
Besides knwing what is clse by, a self-driving car makes plans ahead t avid traffic accidents. This is where “vehicle t everything” (V2X) cmes in. This technlgy cnnects a self-driving car with peple and things. It als allws the car t g nline. All these things help the car “talk” with the utside wrld and get the latest rad infrmatin.
After receiving the infrmatin, the car needs t “read” it and decide what t d. S it cmbines the infrmatin frm all sensrs, just like putting tgether the pieces f a puzzle. This prcess is called multi-sensr fusin (多传感器融合). Machine learning plays an imprtant rle here because it helps the car recgnize peple and bjects. Then, the car can decide when t stp, g, r turn.
Finally, t carry ut decisins, the car uses drive-by-wire technlgy (线控技术). It allws the car t give “rders” t its wheels, brakes (刹车) and engine in the frm f electrnic signals (电子信号). This makes different parts f the car respnd quickly. The car als uses less il this way, which is gd fr the envirnment.
1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A．Ways t use different sensrs in self-driving cars.
B．The differences between the “eyes” f cars and humans.
C．Hw self-driving cars learn abut their envirnment.
D．When and where self-driving cars wrk the best.
2．What des V2X technlgy d?
A．It allws the car t see in the dark.
B．It allws the car t cnnect with peple and things.
C．It allws the car t cnnect with ther cars.
D．It allws the car t give “rders” t its wheels.
3．What des multi-sensr fusin mean?
A．Getting all rad infrmatin.
B．Using AI technlgy t finish a puzzle.
C．Putting tgether infrmatin frm all sensrs.
D．Cnnecting self-driving cars with each ther n the rad.
4．What d we knw abut drive-by-wire technlgy?
A．It helps self-driving cars drive faster.
B．It allws self-driving cars t run withut il.
C．It can cllect signals frm different traffic lights.
D．It helps cntrl the mvement f self-driving cars.
5．What is the text mainly abut?
A．Hw self-driving cars wrk.
B．Why self-driving cars are gd.
C．The develpment f self-driving cars.
D．The safety issues f self-driving cars.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A
【导语】本文主要讲解自动驾驶汽车安全行驶的原理，包括利用传感器了解环境、借助技术做决策及通过线控技术执行动作等。
1．段落大意题。根据第二段“First, the car needs t knw what is arund it. It uses... and hw fast it is ging.”可知，该段主要讲解了自动驾驶汽车如何了解周围环境。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“This is where “vehicle t everything” (V2X) cmes in. This technlgy cnnects a self-driving car with peple and things.”可知，V2X技术允许汽车与人和物品相连。故选B。
3．词义理解题。根据第四段“S it cmbines the infrmatin frm all sensrs, just like putting tgether the pieces f a puzzle. This prcess is called multi-sensr fusin (多传感器融合).”可知，多传感器融合是指将所有传感器的信息整合在一起。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Finally, t carry ut decisins, the car uses drive-by-wire technlgy (线控技术). It allws the car t give “rders” t its wheels, brakes (刹车) and engine in the frm f electrnic signals (电子信号).”可知，线控技术有助于控制自动驾驶汽车的运动，它以电子信号形式给汽车的车轮、刹车和引擎发出 “指令”，使汽车不同部件快速反应，故选D。
5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了自动驾驶汽车的工作原理。故选A。
7.（2025·陕西咸阳·二模）
It’s knwn that China has the mst advanced high-speed railway netwrk in the wrld. Nw, the cuntry is breaking its wn speed recrd with CR450.
1 . Befre this, the fastest high-speed train perating in a rail netwrk in the wrld is China’s CR400, which runs at abut 350 km/h.
Once put int use, fr example, 2 , which takes at least fur and a half hurs at the mment.
“The key is nt t make the train run fast but t have it brake (刹车) accurately and steadily (平稳地),” Zha Hngwei tld CCTV News. The CR450 have the same brake distance as the CR400, which is 6,500 meters. 3 , taking just 1.7 secnds (秒) cmpared t the 2.3 secnds needed fr the CR400.
4 . In the tests, the brake disc (制动盘) gt ht, reaching temperatures f up t 700°C． Its clr changed frm black t red. The changes were then recrded. All the data were saved in a smart system.
Besides having a better braking system, the CR450 has the same nise level as the CR400. What’s mre, the CR450 is 12% lighter and 20% less energy-cnsuming (耗能的). 5 , which is planned t be n shw within this year.
A．It starts braking very slw
B．the CR450 has eight carriages (车厢)
C．It can als start braking mre quickly
D．The CR450 can travel at abut 400-kilmeters an hur
E．The engineers did lts f tests with the brakes t make the system better
F．With all these advantages, peple are getting excited abut the train’s debut (首次亮相)
G．the CR450 will shrten the travel time frm Beijing t Shanghai t just abut tw and a half hurs
【答案】1．D 2．G 3．C 4．E 5．F
【导语】本文介绍了中国的新型高速列车CR450，重点描述了其在速度、刹车系统和其他性能方面的优势。通过一些技术细节，本文展示了CR450如何突破原有的速度记录，并保持刹车系统的平稳性和安全性。
1．根据第二段第二句“Befre this, the fastesthigh-speed train perating in a rail netwrk in thewrld is China’s CR400, which runs at abut 350km/h”可知，此处在介绍中国高铁CR450的速度。选项D“CR450的时速约为400公里”，符合语境。故选D。
2．根据第三段第一句“Once put int use, frexample, ..., which takes at least fur and a halfhurs at the mment.”可知，此处在举例高铁投入使用后所缩短的行程时间。选项G“CR450将把北京到上海的旅行时间缩短到大约两个半小时”，符合语境。故选G。
3．根据第四段第二句“The CR 450 have the same brake distance as the CR400, which is 6.500 meters. ..., taking just 1.7 secnds cmpared t the 2.3 secnds needed fr the CR400.”可知，此处在介绍中国高铁的刹车情况，选项C“它还可以更快地开始制动”，符合语境。故选C。
4．根据第五段第一句“In the tests, the brake discgt ht, reaching temperatures f up t 700°C.”可知，此处在介绍中国高铁的测试情况。选项E“工程师们对刹车做了大量的测试，以使系统更好”，符合语境。故选E。
5．根据第六段第一句“Besides having a betterbraking system,the CR450 has the same nise levelas the CR400.”可知，此处在介绍中国高铁的优点。选项F“有了这些优点，人们对这列火车的首次亮相感到兴奋”，符合语境。故选F。
8.（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文完整。
Since China intrduced visa-free entry (入境免签) fr many cuntries, freign travellers can explre its rich cultures and amazing landscapes mre 1 (free). Here are sme must-visit rutes and attractins:
In Beijing, 2 (tur) can walk alng the Great Wall, which is ver 2,000 years ld. The Frbidden City, lcated in the city centre, shws China’s imperial histry. Many visitrs 3 (take) phts there already.
Xi’an, knwn fr the Terra-Ctta Warrirs, ffers a jurney int ancient China. Travellers can easily reach the site 4 bus r taxi. Lcal fd like Biang Biang ndles is als ppular.
Guilin’s Li River, with its clear water and green hills, is 5 perfect place fr nature lvers. Visitrs ften take bat turs 6 (enjy) the views. Zhangjiajie’s “Avatar Muntains” attract thse wh lve hiking and adventure.
Shanghai ffers a mix f mdernity and traditin. Visitrs can admire the Oriental Pearl Twer and enjy traditinal snacks like Xialngba at Yuyuan Garden by 7 (they). They can even take high-speed trains t nearby cities like Hangzhu, where the West Lake’s beauty attracts millins.
T enter China, freigners need bth a passprt 8 a return ticket. The plicy has made travel 9 (easy) than befre. “It’s the best way t experience Chinese culture and histry,” said a German traveller. Freigners 10 (encurage) t respect lcal custms while travelling. With this plicy, China welcmes the wrld t discver its pen and inclusive spirit.
【答案】1．freely 2．turists 3．have taken 4．by 5．a 6．t enjy 7．themselves 8．and 9．easier 10．are encuraged
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国对多国实行免签政策后，外国游客可以更自由地探索中国的文化和风景，并推荐了一些必游路线和景点。
1．句意：自从中国对许多国家实行入境免签政策以来，外国游客可以更自由地探索其丰富的文化和令人惊叹的风景。“explre”是动词，要用副词修饰，“free”是形容词，其副词形式是“freely”，意为“自由地”。故填freely。
2．句意：在北京，游客可以沿着拥有两千多年历史的长城漫步。根据“can walk alng the Great Wall”可知，这里指游客，“tur”是动词“旅游”，其名词“turist”意为“游客”，是可数名词，这里用复数形式“turists”表示泛指。故填turists。
3．句意：许多游客已经在那里拍过照了。根据“already” 可知，句子时态用现在完成时，其结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“Many visitrs”是复数，助动词用“have”，“take”的过去分词是“taken”，所以是“have taken”。故填have taken。
4．句意：游客可以很容易地乘公共汽车或出租车到达遗址。“by + 交通工具”表示“乘坐某种交通工具”，“by bus”表示“乘公共汽车”，“by taxi”表示“乘出租车”，所以这里用“by”。故填by。
5．句意：桂林的漓江，有着清澈的水和翠绿的山峦，是自然爱好者的一个绝佳之地。“place”是可数名词，这里表示泛指“一个绝佳之地”，“perfect”是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词“a”。故填a。
6．句意：游客们常常乘船游览以欣赏风景。“take bat turs”的目的是“enjy the views”，用动词不定式作目的状语，所以用“t enjy”。故填t enjy。
7．句意：游客们可以欣赏东方明珠塔，并在豫园独自享用像小笼包这样的传统小吃。“by neself”是固定短语，意为“独自地；单独地”，主语“Visitrs”是复数，“they”的反身代词是“themselves”。故填themselves。
8．句意：为了进入中国，外国人既需要一本护照，也需要一张返程机票。“a passprt”和“a return ticket”是并列关系，用“and”连接，“”表示“两者都”。故填and。
9．句意：这项政策使得旅行比以前更容易了。根据“than befre”可知，这里用比较级，“easy”是形容词，其比较级是“easier”，意为“更容易的”。故填easier。
10．句意：鼓励外国人在旅行时尊重当地的风俗习惯。“Freigners”和“encurage”之间是被动关系，句子描述的是一般性的情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构是“am/is/are + 过去分词”，主语“Freigners”是复数，be动词用“are”，“encurage”的过去分词是“encuraged”，所以是“are encuraged”。故填are encuraged。
9．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟）2025年春季学期，我国多地中小学将课间休息时间延长至15分钟。在课间“快乐一刻”期间，你校进行了形式多样、内容丰富的体育活动。请根据下面的要点提示，以“The 15-minute Break”为题目，给某英文报“校园体育”栏目投稿。
要点提示：
写作要求：
1. 必须包括所有要点并作适当补充。
2. 字数在100字左右。
3. 参考词汇：jump rpe (跳绳)
The 15-minute Break
Our schl has made a great change in the inter-class break. It is lnger, frm 10 t 15 minutes.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
The 15-minute Break
Our schl has made a great change in the inter-class break. It is lnger, frm 10 t 15 minutes.
The purpse is t give students mre time t rest and d activities that can help us grw better. There are many different kinds f activities fr us like basketball, vlleyball, running, and jump rpe. Many students are interested in these activities which are gd fr us. First, taking part in the physical activities can help us reduce stress s that we feel mre energetic fr the next class. Secnd, during these activities, we can make mre friends and learn frm each ther.
In a wrd, the 15-minute inter-class break makes ur schl life mre clrful and meaningful. We can really enjy the break!
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主；
③提示：根据提示要点进行写作，可适当增添细节，注意行文连贯并突出重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍课间休息时间的变化；
第二步，介绍变化的目的、活动及带来的好处；
第三步，进行总结。
[亮点词汇]
①many different kinds f许多不同种类的
②be interested in对……感兴趣
③take part in参加
[高分句型]
①Many students are interested in these activities which are gd fr us. (which引导定语从句)
②First, taking part in the physical activities can help us reduce stress s that we feel mre energetic fr the next class. (s that引导目的状语从句)
一．保持良好的心态
1. 科学复习，减少焦虑源
制定计划：考前一周按科目梳理框架，优先巩固薄弱点，避免盲目刷题。例如：每天安排1-2小时专攻易错题型，搭配基础题保持手感。按中考时间做真题，适应节奏。比如上午9点做语文，下午3点练数学，调整生物钟。
2. 情绪管理技巧
适度紧张能提升专注力，无需强行消除。若心跳加速，可深呼吸（吸气4秒→屏住4秒→呼气6秒，重复几次）。
把焦虑的事情列出来（如"怕忘记公式"），逐条写出对策（如"考前速记公式卡"），能显著降低不安感。
3. 保持身心稳定状态
规律作息：考前一周逐步早睡，确保考试时段精神充沛。例如：晚上11点前入睡，早晨7点起床，避免突击熬夜。
适量运动：每天散步、跳绳等轻度运动，缓解压力。避免剧烈运动以防受伤。
饮食清淡：避免暴饮暴食或突然进补，少吃油炸、冷饮，备些巧克力防低血糖。
二．考前24小时特别提示
1.准备物品：提前整理准考证、文具（多支同款常用笔）、水杯等，放在显眼处。熟悉考场路线，预估交通时间。
2.放松方式：考前一天可听音乐、看轻松短视频，避免激烈游戏或社交软件上的焦虑信息。
3.心理暗示：睡前默念"我已尽力，正常发挥即可"，替代"必须考好"的强迫思维。
4. 考场即时调节法
入场前：不和同学对答案或讨论难题，安静回忆学科知识框架。
紧张时：握紧拳头再缓缓松开，感受肌肉放松；或默念"冷静"等简短词语。
遇难题时：先跳过，完成其他题目后回头再攻。心理暗示"别人也可能觉得难"。
5.家长注意事项
避免施压：不说"考不好就完了"之类的话，可表达"我们相信你的努力"。
提供支持：观察孩子情绪，适时提议散步或一起做简单家务转移注意力。
最后提醒：中考考验的不仅是知识，更是心态。你过去三年的积累不会因一场考试而消失。保持"尽力而为，顺其自然"的平和，往往能收获意想不到的结果。祝顺利！
考前准备
1. 必备物品：准考证、身份证、2B铅笔（削好备用）、黑色签字笔（至少2支）、橡皮、透明文件袋。
2. 时间规划：提前30分钟到达考场，熟悉座位和环境，调整心态。
二. 听力部分
1.预读题目：播放前快速阅读题干和选项，划关键词（如时间、地点、人物）。
2.集中注意力：边听边记简写笔记（如数字、日期），避免分心。
3.果断作答：没听清的题目先凭印象选，结束后不再纠结，避免影响后续答题。
三. 考场细节
1. 时间分配
建议时间：听力（20分钟）、选择+完形（15分钟）、阅读（30分钟）、写作（25分钟）、检查（10分钟）。
遇到难题先跳过，完成所有题目后再回头思考。
2. 填涂答题卡
做完一大题立即填涂，避免最后匆忙出错。
核对题号，防止错位（尤其选择题）。
3. 心态调整
深呼吸缓解紧张，遇到难题不慌乱，相信自己的备考积累。
考完一科放一科，不与其他考生对答案。
禁忌事项
❌ 迟到（开考15分钟后禁止入场）。
❌ 使用修正液/修正带（部分考场禁止）。
❌ 在试卷上做无关标记（可能被判作弊）。
❌ 东张西望（避免被监考老师警告）。
最后提醒：英语考试注重细节和规范，稳扎稳打就能发挥水平。祝考试顺利！用法
例词或例句
用于第一次提到的人或事物前
I saw a by sleeping ver there.
用来指一类人或事物中的任何一个
I want t buy an English bk.
表示数量,相当于ne或each
I have a muth, a nse and tw eyes.
指某人或某物,但不具体指明是哪个人或物
A man is waiting fr yu at the gate.
表示类别,泛指某一类人或物
A hrse is bigger than a rabbit.
表示“每一”的意思,相当于every
nce a week; 200 kilmetres an hur
用在such、quite、rather、half、what等词之后
such a busy day; half an hur
用法
示例
表示双方都知道的人或事物
Give me the bk,please.
特指的或上文已提到过的人或事物
D yu knw the girl in red?
表示世界上独一无二的事物
The mn mves arund the earth.
用在序数词、形容词最高级前面以及对两个人或事物进行比较时的比较级前
The first lessn is very easy.
He is the yunger f the tw bys.
用在姓氏复数前表示一家人或夫妻俩
The Greens are watching TV nw.
用在单数可数名词前表一类人或事物
The range is range.
与某些形容词连用表一类人
We shuld help the ld.
用于江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠等专有名词前,或由普通名词构成的专有名词之前
the Great Wall,the Summer Palace
不可数名词和复数名词表泛指时
Animals can’t live withut water.
Hrses are helpful animals.
某些专有名词(如人名、地名、国家名等)、物质名词和抽象名词表示泛指时
China is a great cuntry.
Mary lives in New Yrk.
Paper is made frm wd.
名词前已有指示代词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格等修饰时
Every student likes English in ur class.
在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前
This is Prfessr Li.
在三餐、球类运动及学科名词之前
I went t schl withut breakfast this mrning.
He ften plays ftball after schl.
由“专有名词+普通名词”构成的表示街名、路名、山名等的词前
Nanjing Rad
Hainan Island
与by连用的交通工具名称前
by car,by train
在节假日名称前
New Year’s Day,Wmen’s Day
情况
构成方法
例词
一般情况
加-s
cake—cakes bag—bags student—students
bed—beds
以-s,-x,-sh,-ch等结尾的词
加-es
bus—buses bx—bxes watch—watches
以辅音字母加-y结尾的词
变y为i,再加-es
baby—babies city—cities cuntry—cuntries
lady—ladies
以元音字母加-y结尾的词
加-s
ty—tys mnkey—mnkeys
以f(fe)结尾的词
变f(fe)为ves
leaf—leaves wlf—wlves life—lives
以-ce,-se,-ze,-(d)ge等结尾的词
加-s
face—faces range—ranges
单复数同形
sheep, Chinese, Japanese, deer, fish
把a改为e
man/men, wman/wmen, pliceman/plicemen, Englishman/Englishmen, Frenchman/Frenchmen
变ee式
tth/teeth, ft/feet, gse/geese
词尾加-ren
child/children
只有复数式
trusers, clthes, glasses, cngratulatins, pants, scissrs, glves
有生命的名词单数
在词尾加“'s”
Lucy's cat
有生命的名词复数
(1)以-s结尾加“'”
the teachers' ffice
(2)不以-s结尾的加“'s”
her children's
hmewrk
表示两者或多者共同拥有
在最后一个名词后加“'s”
Lucy and Lily's desk(Lucy和Lily共同的课桌)
表示两者或多者各自拥有
各名词后都要加上“'s”
Jim's and Sam's
bikes (Jim和Sam各自的自行车)
表示时间、距离、国家、机构等无生命的名词
单数加“'s”
an hur's walk
复数加“'”
ten minutes' walk
双重所有格
f +'s所有格
tw students f Mr. Wu's
f +名词性物主代词
a friend f mine
f+ne's wn
a huse f my wn
类别
人称代词
物主代词
反身代词
主格
宾格
形容词性
名词性
第一人称
单数
I
me
my
mine
myself
复数
we
us
ur
urs
urselves
第二人称
单数
yu
yu
yur
yurs
yurself
复数
yu
yu
yur
yurs
yurselves
第三人称
单数
he
him
his
his
himself
she
her
her
hers
herself
it
it
its
its
itself
复数
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
序号
不定代词
用法
例句
1
sme
用于肯定句或表示请求的疑问句中。
Tm has sme stry bks.
Wuld yu like sme milk?
any
一般用于疑问句或否定句中。
Are there any apples n the tree? There aren’t any buses.
2
bth
表示“两者都”。
Tm’s parents are bth dctrs.
all
表示“三者或三者以上都”。
All f the bks are very interesting.
either
表示“两者中的任何一个”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。
Either f the bks is interesting.
neither
表示“两者都不”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。
Neither f his friends has cme yet.
3
n ne
指人，不能接f 短语。
N ne wuld like t g with her.
nne
表示否定，可以指人或物，常接f短语。
Nne f them has been t Beijing.
4
every
表整体概念，只能作定语。不能与f短语连用。表示“每一”。
Every time I g t see him,he is very busy.
each
强调个体，可作主语、宾语和定语等，可以指人或物。可以与f 短语连用。表示“每一个”。
Each f yu can try twice.
5
many
修饰可数名词复数。
There are many bks n the desk.
much
修饰不可数名词。
I have much hmewrk t d.
6
few
表“否定”，是“几乎没有”的意思，修饰可数名词。
He has few friends here.
a few
表“肯定”，是“有一点”的意思，修饰可数名词。
There are a few apples in the basket.
little
表“否定”，是“几乎没有”的意思，修饰不可数名词。
There is little water in the bttle.
a little
表“肯定”，是“有一点”的意思，修饰不可数名词。
Dn’t wrry. There is a little time left.
7
ther
泛指其他的，修饰复数名词。
D yu have any ther ideas?
the
ther
指“两者中的另一个”。
I have tw bks. One is Chinese, the ther is English.
anther
指“三者或以上中的另一个”。
Wuld yu like anther cup f tea?
thers
泛指其他的人或物。
Sme went t the park,thers visited the museum.
the thers
特指其余的所有人或物。
Five students in ur class are English,the thers are Chinese.
用法
例子
句
法
功
能
主语
It is said that thirteen is an unlucky number.
The first day f May is Internatinal Labur Day.
宾语
It is wrth three hundred.
He was amng the first t arrive.
定语
There are nly three bys in the class.
May is the fifth mnth f a year.
表示事物编号
N. Ten Middle Schl, Lessn One
表示年代
in the 1890s
表示年、月、日
On May 1st,2008
表示分数
分子是基数词，分母是序数词，当分子大于1时，分母用复数形式。如：ne third, five sixths
表
示
时
间
整点
Tm ften gets up at six in the mrning.
与汉语
顺序相同
4:25fur twenty-five
6:30six thirty
几点过几分
at twenty past six, at a quarter past eleven
差几分到
几点
at five t six, at twenty-nine t ten
序数词
构成
1～3
first、secnd、third
4～19
一般在基数词词尾加th构成。特殊：fifth、eighth、ninth、twelfth
20～90整十
先将基数词词尾y变成ie，再加th，如twenty→twentieth
两位数或多位数(整数除外)
其他位数不变，仅将个位数变成序数词，如twenty ne→twenty first
介词
用法
示例
at
表示具体时间点，用于钟点、时刻等名词前或一些固定短语中
at half past ten在十点半 at that time在那时
at nn 在中午at night在晚上
n
表示具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上；用于特定的日子、具体的日期、星期、节日前
n Mnday在周一
n the evening f June 30th在6月30日的晚上
in
用在某个世纪、年份、月份、季节前；
泛指在上午、下午或晚上
in 2024 在2024年 in spring在春天
in the mrning在早上
介词
用法
示例
in
“in＋一段时间”表示在一段时间之后，常用于将来时，对其提问用hw sn
The meeting will be held in 30 minutes. 会议将在三十分钟后召开。
after
表示“……之后”
It began t rain after seven ’clck.
七点之后，天开始下雨了。
befre
表示“在……之前”
Yu shuld wash yur hands befre meals. 你应该在饭前洗手。
介词
用法
示例
since
“自从……”，指从过去某时刻一直延续至今的一段时间，后接具体的时间点，主句用完成时态
It has rained since yesterday mrning.
自从昨天上午以来，天一直在下雨。
fr
指动作延续贯穿整个过程，后接时间段
My family has lived in the village fr thirty years. 我家住在这个村庄已经三十年了。
介词
用法
图解助记
in
“在……内部”，表示在某一地区的范围内 (属于该地区)
n
表示两地相邻或接壤
t
表示在某一地区的范围外，并且两地不接壤
并列连词
用法
and
“和，而且”，表示并列或顺承关系
but
“但是”，表示转折关系
while
“然而”，表示转折关系
r
“或者”，表示选择关系
fr
“因为”，表示因果关系
s
“因此”，表示因果关系
连词短语
用法
“两者都……”，可用于连接两个主语或宾语。连接两个并列的主语时谓语动词用复数形式
“或者……或者……”，可连接主语或宾语。连接主语时，遵循“就近原则”，即谓语动词和r后的主语保持人称和数的一致
“两者都不……”，用于句中表否定意义，可连接主语、宾语或表语等。连接主语时，遵循“就近原则”，即谓语动词要和nr后的主语保持人称和数的一致
nt als...
“不但……而且……”，用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，可连接主语、谓语、宾语或表语等。连接主语时，遵循“就近原则”，即谓语动词要和 but als后的主语保持人称和数的一致
连词(短语)
用法
when
“当……的时候”，可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和非延续性动词连用
while
“在……期间；与……同时”，后跟延续性动词，强调两个动作同时进行
since
“从……以来”，后常跟一个过去的时间点；后跟从句时，从句常用一般过去时
until
用于肯定句，意为“直到……为止”，谓语动词是延续性动词
用于否定句，构成， 意为“直到……才”，谓语动词是非延续性动词
as
表示“随着……”“一边……，一边……”
as sn as
“一……就……”，在句子中的位置比较灵活，而且可以用于各种时态
连词(短语)
含义
用法
if
如果
主从句的时态遵循“主将从现”的原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时
unless
“如果不，除非”，相当于
as lng as
只要
连词(短语)
用法
thugh/althugh
“虽然，尽管”，一般可互换，都不与but连用
even if
“即使”，表示一种假设情况
even thugh
“尽管，虽然”，用于表示真实但出乎意料的情况
连词短语
用法
“如此……以至于”，such后常跟名词，名词前面可以带形容词，也可以不带
“如此……以至于”，s后常跟形容词或副词
连词短语
用法
s that
“为了；以便”，从句中常含情态动词can、culd、may、might、wuld、shuld等
in rder that
“为了”，与s that 可互换
连词
用法
because
表直接原因；回答why 提出的问题
since
“既然”，语气比because弱，表示众所周知的原因
as
“因为，由于”，语气比since弱
连词(短语)
用法
as if/thugh
意为“似乎，好像”，与事实相反时，须用虚拟语气
as
意为“正如……”
构成方法
例词
一般单音节词尾直接加-er，-est
near→nearer→nearest fast→faster→fastest
hard→harder→hardest
以不发音的字母e结尾的单音节词，直接加-r或-st
nice→nicer→nicest fine→finer→finest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，变y为i，再加-er或-est
busy→busier→busiest
early→earlier→earliest
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词，双写这个辅音字母，再加-er或-est
ht→htter→httest
wet→wetter→wettest
部分双音节词或多音节词在原词前加mre或mst
beautiful→mre beautiful→mst beautiful
carefully→mre carefully→mst carefully
原级
比较级
最高级
gd/well
better
best
many/much
mre
mst
little
less
least
badly/bad/ill
wrse
wrst
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
ld
lder/elder
ldest/eldest
时态
句式结构
用法
常见标志词(组)
一般
现在时
主语＋is/am/are＋其他；
主语＋动词原形/动词第三人称单数形式
①表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与表频度的时间状语连用
②表示自然现象、科学事实、客观真理等
③在时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来
④表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作，用一般现在时表将来，但仅限于start、begin、g、cme、leave、arrive等词
always、usually、ften、
smetimes、every day、
nce a week、
twice a day...
一般
过去时
主语＋was/were＋其他；
主语＋动词过去式
①表示过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态
②表示过去经常或反复发生的动作
③since引导的时间状语从句中，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时
、last...、yesterday、 in the past、just nw...
一般
将来时
主语＋will/shall＋动词原形；
主语＋is/am/are ging t＋动词原形
①表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态
②“be ging t＋动词原形”表示计划、打算做某事或有某种迹象表明要发生的事
tmrrw、 next day、
sn、in＋一段时间、
in the future...
现在
进行时
主语＋is/am/are＋现在分词
①表示此时此刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态
②表示一段时间内一直做的事情或现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态
③表示计划或者安排好的将来要做的事情，此类动词有cme、g、leave、fly、start、arrive等
nw、at the mment、
at this time...
过去
进行时
主语＋was/were＋现在分词
表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作
at this time yesterday、at that time、at 6 a.m. yesterday...
现在
完成时
主语＋have/has＋过去分词
①表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，常与already、yet、ever等连用
②表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到现在，并有可能持续下去，常与fr、since连用，动词必须是延续性动词
recently、already、just、
yet、befre、s far...
被动语态整体结构：be➕V过分➕（by sb 可省略）
3个一般时
一般现在时
is / am / are➕V过分
一般过去时
was / were➕V过分
一般将来时
will be➕V过分
2个进行时
现在进行时
is / am / are➕being➕V过分
过去进行时
was / were➕being➕V过分
3个完成时
现在完成时
have / has been➕V过分
现在
过去完成时
had been➕V过分
将来完成时
will have been➕V过分
祈使句被动语态：dn't➕be➕V过分
情态动词被动语态：情态动词➕be➕V过分
⚠️被动语态中【主动表示被动】情况：
① 不及物动词 / 部分动词短语，无被动语态，用主动表被动
② 系动词，主动表被动
③ 及物动词表示主语某种性质，用主动表被动
④ 动介短语用被动，动介短语看成整体
⑤ ving形式表被动：need、want、require、wrth
⑥ 常见开始/结束的一类词：begin、ver、start （主动表被动）
⑦ 感官动词 / 使役动词【➕t】，表被动
重点词组
be used t d sth 被用来做… be made f/frm 由…制成
be cvered with/by 被…覆盖 be filled with=be full f 充满…
be sld ut 被卖完 be seen/nticed t d 被注意/听到…
be made t d sth 被迫做…
常见句型
It is said that 从句
It is agreed that 从句
It is knwn that 从句
It is taken fr granted that 从句 → 认为...理所应当
连接词
直接引语为陈述句,变为间接引语时常由that引导,that在口语中常省略
He says (that) he will be back sn.他说他不久就会回来。
直接引语为特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,用句子本身的特殊疑问词作连接代词或连接副词引导
We ask him why he didn't cme t schl yesterday.我们问他昨天他为什么没来学校。
直接引语为一般疑问句,变为间接引语时用连词whether或if来引导,在口语中,if相当于whether,但它们不能省略,当与r nt连用时,常使用whether
He asked me if/whether I had been t Beijing twice. 他问我是否去过两次北京。
语序
宾语从句一律用陈述语序,即“主语+谓语动词+宾语+其他”
Culd yu tell me what his name is? (不说what is his name)你能告诉我他的姓名吗?
时态
如果主句是一般现在时或将来时,从句根据实际情况使用相应时态
I remember he gave me a bk yesterday. 我记得他昨天给了我一本书。
主句是一般过去时,从句使用过去的某种时态
Li Lei tld me that he was getting ready fr the exam thse days. 李雷告诉我他那些日子在准备考试。
从句表示的是客观真理时,无论主句用何种时态,从句都要用一般现在时
Miss Ga said the mn mves arund the earth. 高小姐说月亮绕着地球转。
宾语从句中的“否定转移”
当主句的谓语动词为think、believe、guess等,且主句的主语是第一人称时,主句时态为一般现在时时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来
I dn't think (that) he will cme.我认为他不会来了。
“疑问词+不定式”的替换
tell、knw、ask、shw、teach、find (ut)、frget等动词都可接“连接(副)词+不定式(连接副词why除外)”作宾语,“疑问词+不定式”结构相当于一个宾语从句
He didn't knw where t find (=where he culd find) his father.他不知道到哪里去找他的父亲。
They frgt what t d next(what they shuld d next). 他们忘记了下一步该做什么。
Culd yu tell me hw t get t (=hw I can get t) the pst ffice? 你能告诉我如何才能到邮政局吗?
所作成分
关系词
主语
wh(指人)、which(指物)、that(指人或物)
宾语
wh/whm(指人)、which(指物)、that(指人或物)
定语
whse(指人或物)
状语
where(指地点)、when(指时间)、why(指原因)
wh/whm
wh/whm引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词必须指人。wh在从句中作主语、宾语;whm在从句中作宾语,常可省略。在从句中作介词的宾语时,只能用whm,即“介词+whm”
This is the man wh helped me. 这就是帮助过我的那个人。
That is the girl (whm/wh) I have taught. 那就是我教过的女孩。
He is the by with whm I went there. 他就是和我一起去那里的男孩。
wh/ that
当先行词指人时,引导词用wh或that均可。如果先行词是ne、nes、anyne或thse时,一般用wh
The man wh/that is playing the pian is my music teacher. 正在弹钢琴的那个人是我的音乐老师。
that/
which
多数情况下,不管关系代词在从句中是作主语还是宾语,两者都可替换使用。当先行词是anything、everything、nthing等不定代词,或先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词既指人又指物时,只能用that。如果关系代词作介词的宾语时,只能用which,不能用that
This is the biggest ship that I've ever seen. 这是我见过的最大的轮船。
This is the rm in which yu will stay. 这是你将要住的房间。
where/
whse
关系副词where在从句中作地点状语,它引导的定语从句修饰表地点的先行词。whse引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词既可以指人也可以指物,意为“某(些)人/物的……”
This is the place where he was brn. 这是他出生的地方。
Please shw me the bk whse cver is black.请把封面是黑色的那本书给我看看。
That ①只起连接作用，不做句子成分②在句中没有实际意义
③在宾语从句中通常可以省略
The girl feels that the weather is cld.
if/whether ①表示“是否” ②不做句子成分
He asked me if/whether I knew Mike.
I wnder whether he will cme r nt.

时间状语从句
（主将从现、
主过从过）
when/while/as当...时候
I was sleeping when she came in.
I was sleeping while she was running.
I will tell her the news when she cmes t see me next week.
after在...之后
I went t bed after I finished my hmewrk.
befre在...之前
I finished my hmewrk befre I went t bed.
as sn as一...就...
I’ll call yu up as sn as I arrive in Beijing.
until直到...为止
I wn’t g hme until ten ’clck. ()
since自...以来
I have had it since I was ten years ld.
ha
地点状语从句
where
Where there is a will,there is a way.
Wherever yu g,hme is the best.
wherever
原因状语从句
Because/as/since
I was late fr schl this mrning because I stayed up late last night.
比较状语从句
than比
I’m taller than yu.
与...一样
I am as tall as yu.
nt 不如
English is nt as/s difficult as Math.
让步状语从句
althugh/thugh/while/even if/even thugh
Althugh/Thugh/Even if/Even thugh
he has a cld,he still ges t schl.
条件状语从句
（主将从现、
主情从现、
主祈从现）
if如果
We will stay at hme tmrrw if it is rainy.
unless除非
Yu will fail unless yu wrk hard.
as/s lng as只要
Yu will get gd grades as lng as yu study hard.
方式状语从句
as像/与...一样
We did as he tld us.
as if/as thugh好像
It seems as if it is ging t rain.
目的状语从句
in rder t/that目的是为了...
I saved my mney in rder t buy a bike.
I saved my mney in rder that I can buy a bike.
I saved my mney s that I can buy a bike.
s that/s以便
结果状语从句
如此...以致于...
It was s cld that we dn’t want t g utside.
It was such a cld day that we dn’t want t g utside.
Opinins
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你的观点
……
always amng and answer believe big but city grw seldm they whenever
Name: Liang Wenfeng
Graduated frm: Peking University
Cmpany: DeepSeek
He has a great influence n the develpment f artificial intelligence with DeepSeek AI technlgies. Peple lve him because his wrk brings creatin and cnvenience t ur daily life. His effrts have helped imprve AI technlgy and had a psitive effect n the digital change f sciety.
Name: Jiazi (Yang Yu)
Graduated frm: Sichuan University
Cmpany: wrk fr Chengdu Cca Bean Animatin
The mvie Ne Zha 2 directed by him achieve a great success at the bx ffice. He becmes well-knwn because his wrks nt nly bring jy t the audience but als inspire the develpment f the dmestic animatin industry. As a result, Chinese animatin is mre widely recgnized arund the wrld.
Name: Wang Xingxing
Graduated frm: Zhejiang University
Cmpany: Unitree Rbtics
His cmpany has created high-tech fur-legged rbt prducts. In 2025, when Unitree Rbtics “YangBOT” shwed up n the Spring Festival Gala and caught everyne’s attentin. It well mixes traditinal culture with mdern technlgy. Many peple lved their prducts because they are very useful. They can wrk in dangerus places instead f humans. In the future, they may becme ut gd helpers in daily life.
Name: Feng Ji
Graduated frm: Huazhng University
Cmpany: Game Science
His wrk Black Myth: Wukng has drawn a wide attentin. It is ppular because he cmbines traditinal Chinese culture with mdern animatin techniques. His creatin nt nly enriches the cntent f Chinese prducts but als spreads Chinese culture arund the wrld, enhancing cultural cnfidence.
HOME
CHINA
WORLD
BUSINESS
CULTURE
Beijing Central Axis (轴线)
Beijing, ne f the wrld’s greatest cities, has an axis running thrugh the ld city. As a symbl f the Ideal City Order f China, n July 27th, 2024, the Beijing Central Axis was added t the UNESCO Wrld Heritage List (联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录).
Since it became China’s 59th wrld heritage, we have learned mre abut this central axis.
Facts● It is the lngest city axis in the wrld.
● It runs 7.8 kilmeters frm nrth t suth thrugh the heart f Beijing.
● It has a grup f buildings and histrical sites, especially including 15 key parts that shape Beijing’s ld city.
Value● It divides the city int tw parts that frm a symmetrical (对称的) city pattern.
● The special and great rder f Beijing is created by this central axis.
Histry● It was first built in the 13th century.
● It tk shape in the 16th century.
● The idea f city planning came frm the bk Kagngji.
症状
土地沙化、河流污染、全球气温升高……
原因
砍伐树木、工厂排放废水废气……
应对措施
多植树、阻止工厂乱排废气废水……