辽宁省鞍山市2024-2025学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份辽宁省鞍山市2024-2025学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共16页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
When yu are abut t g t a barding schl in England, there are many different questins that may cme t mind. But nce yu take sme time n them, yu will certainly feel easy. Here is a nrmal barding day.
Being nervus befre yu g t a barding schl is cmpletely nrmal and understandable. Hpefully, being aware f the usual rutine yu’ll be fllwing can help yu. Once yu are there, yu will see hw exciting life in a barding schl in England can be.
1. What d we knw abut barding schls in England frm the text?
A. They turn ff the lights arund 10:30 pm
B. Classes usually start at 8: 30 am.
C. They dn’t give students any free time.
D. Students can have a shrt break after fur lessns.
2. What can help the barders keep up with their studies in the barding schl?
A. Having lessns.B. Enjying free time.
C. Supervised hmewrk sessins.D. Ding varius activities.
3. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T attract mre students t England’s barding schls.
B. T help students knw abut barders’ life in England.
C. T cmpare the life in England’s barding schls with that in China.
D. T illustrate hw exciting life in a barding schl in England can be.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了一所英国寄宿学校的日常生活安排，旨在帮助即将进入寄宿学校的学生了解日常流程，缓解他们的紧张情绪。
【1题详解】推理判断题。根据“Bedtime”部分中的“In mst barding schls, the lights g ut arund 10: 30 pm. (在大多数寄宿学校，晚上10:30左右熄灯)”可知，寄宿学校通常在晚上10:30左右熄灯，故选A项。
【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Prep”部分中的“An imprtant part f barding schl life is the supervised hmewrk sessin knwn as ‘prep’. Althugh prep might sund stressful, it’s a great way fr yu t keep up with yur studies. (寄宿学校生活的一个重要部分是被称为“预习”的监督式作业时间。尽管预习听起来可能有压力，但这是一种很好的方式，可以帮助你跟上学业)”可知，监督式作业时间有助于学生跟上学业，故选C项。
【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一句“When yu are abut t g t a barding schl in England, there are many different questins that may cme t mind. (当你即将前往英国的寄宿学校时，你可能会想到许多不同的问题。)”可知，文章主要介绍了英国寄宿学校的日常生活安排，包括起床、上课、午餐、晚餐、活动、预习和休息时间等，目的是帮助学生了解寄宿学校的生活，故选B项。
B
When I was six, a new family mved int the huse next dr. There was a girl, Frances, wh was abut my age. We became best friends sn. I was t yung t ntice what was really ging n in her life, but my mther did.
Mm nticed that Frances never invited anyne int the rms they lived in. Her mther went ff t wrk very early in the mrning and came back lking very tired. And her tw lder brthers wre dirty clthes and were never at hme. Frances was always hungry, and her clthes were ften t small.
Mm never mentined anything t me. But she nce asked, “Wuld yu mind if I give Frances sme f yur clthes?” I agreed. Frances seemed very thrilled.
Mm began t spend mre time with Frances and me. She and I had always dne kitchen jbs tgether, but nw the three f us were making biscuits and washing up tgether. Frances was always willing t help, as lng as Mm was there. And smetimes they wuld just sit tgether and talk while I was ff ding smething else.
That rutine (日常事物) cntinued until we were bth teenagers. But then her mther decided they were mving back t Ireland. We prmised t write t each ther.
One day, my mm called t say that a letter frm Frances had arrived. “When I was fur, my father died. My mther tried t make mney. She ignred me. Yur mm saved me. Withut her lve and attentin, I wuld never have survived (渡过难关) my childhd. I have used yur mther’s example as my guide t care fr peple arund me.”
My mther taught me many things, but this was her mst valuable lessn. Watching her example and seeing the life-changing results were pwerful. We will never knw hw r when ur acts f kindness will influence thers, but it’s always better t try.
4. What d we knw abut Frances’ family frm Paragraph 2?
A. They were unhappy t cme t a new place.B. They tried hard t avid their neighbrs.
C. They cared little abut each ther.D. They lived a very difficult life.
5. What des the underlined wrd “thrilled” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Prud.B. Excited.C. Calm.D. Cnfident.
6. What des the authr try t shw thrugh the furth paragraph?
A. Frances was a gd helper.B. Frances was used t the rutine.
C. Frances gt n well with the authr’s mm.D. Frances was gd at ding kitchen jbs.
7. What can be the best title fr the text?
A. Teaching by exampleB. Lifelng friends
C. My mm’s lifeD. Being brave t try
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述作者与邻居女孩Frances的友谊以及作者母亲对Frances的关爱和帮助，展现了人与人之间的温情与善良，以及这些行为对Frances人生的深远影响。
【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Her mther went ff t wrk very early in the mrning and came back lking very tired. And her tw lder brthers wre dirty clthes and were never at hme. Frances was always hungry, and her clthes were ften t small.(她妈妈一大早就出门上班，回来时看上去疲惫不堪。她的两个哥哥穿着脏衣服，还总是不在家。Frances总是饿着肚子，她的衣服也常常小得不合身)”可知，Frances的妈妈工作辛苦，哥哥们穿着脏衣服，Frances总是饿着且衣服不合身，这些都表明他们一家生活很艰难。故选D。
【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“Her mther went ff t wrk very early in the mrning and came back lking very tired. And her tw lder brthers wre dirty clthes and were never at hme. Frances was always hungry, and her clthes were ften t small.(她妈妈一大早就出门上班，回来时看上去疲惫不堪。她的两个哥哥穿着脏衣服，还总是不在家。Frances总是饿着肚子，她的衣服也常常小得不合身)”可知，Frances的衣服太小，家庭生活很艰难；再根据划线单词上文“But she nce asked, “Wuld yu mind if I give Frances sme f yur clthes?” I agreed.(但有一次她问我：“要是我把你的一些衣服给弗朗西丝，你介意吗？”我同意了。)”可知，作者的妈妈打算送一些作者的衣服给Frances。由此可推测，对于生活条件不好的Frances来说，能得到衣服是一件开心、令人兴奋的事。选项B “excited”意为“兴奋的”，与此相符。故选B。
【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Mm began t spend mre time with Frances and me. She and I had always dne kitchen jbs tgether, but nw the three f us were making biscuits and washing up tgether. Frances was always willing t help, as lng as Mm was there. And smetimes they wuld just sit tgether and talk while I was ff ding smething else.(妈妈开始花更多时间和我还有Frances在一起。以前我和妈妈总是一起做厨房的活儿，但现在我们三个一起做饼干、洗碗。只要妈妈在，Frances总是很乐意帮忙。有时候，我去做别的事，她们俩就会坐在一起聊天)”可知，作者的妈妈花更多时间和Frances在一起，她们一起做各种事，还会一起聊天，这些都表明Frances和作者的妈妈相处得很好。故选C。
【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“My mther taught me many things, but this was her mst valuable lessn. Watching her example and seeing the life-changing results were pwerful. We will never knw hw r when ur acts f kindness will influence thers, but it’s always better t try.(母亲教会了我许多东西，但这是她传授的最宝贵的一课。目睹她树立的榜样，看到其带来改变人生的成效，这种力量无比强大。我们永远无从知晓善举会以何种方式、在何时影响他人，但尝试总归是好的)”以及全文内容可知，文章讲述了作者妈妈注意到邻居Frances家的困境后，通过给Frances衣服、与她一起做事、交流等方式，给予她关爱和帮助，改变了Frances的童年。Frances在信中提到以作者妈妈为榜样去关心他人，这充分体现了作者妈妈以身作则的行为产生的深远影响。选项A “Teaching by example(以身作则)”能够很好地概括全文主旨。故选A。
C
Have yu wndered what yur pets are feeling? When yur dg wags(来回摇摆)its tail, des that mean it is happy? A new app called Happy Pets can tell yu what's ging n.
The app uses artificial intelligence (AI) t analyze the facial expressins f cats and dgs. Then it can tell yu what breed(品种)yur pet is and hw it is feeling. It can shw the five mst cmmn feelings-happy, angry, neutral, sad and scared.
Researchers at the University f Melburne in Australia develped the app. The key technlgy used in the app is facial recgnitin, a cmmn use f Al. We can unlck ur mbile phnes r enter train statins with facial recgnitin readers. But this is the first time that the tech has been used with animals.
The app's AI was first taught t recgnize a picture f an animal. Then, it was taught t recgnize the facial features f cats and dgs. Next came the mst imprtant step-teaching it t detect(察觉)emtins based n certain facial features. Fr instance, if a dg tightens up its eyes and muth while changing the psitin f its ears, this means the dg is scared. T master this skill, the AT prgram "saw" and "read" thusands f example images.
Hw accurate are the results? The researchers think they are trustwrthy since the app has been tested many times. Interestingly, they have fund that cats are harder t read than dgs. In the future, the app might als be able t analyze a pet's bdy t make its readings mre accurate.
8. What is the app Happy Pets used t d?
A. T make pets happy.B. T tell us hw the pets are feeling.
C. T recgnize an animal's picture.D. T unlck ur mbile phnes.
9. What des Paragraph 4 mainly talk abut?
A. What emtins the app can recgnize.B. What certain facial features mean.
C. Hw peple use the app.D. Hw the app's Al was trained.
10. What can we infer abut the app Happy Pets?
A. It has been used with animals fr a lng time.B. It wrks harder n dgs than cats.
C. It uses facial recgnitin technlgy.D. It can analyze a pet's bdy.
11. What is the purpse f the authr t write the passage?
A. Shw hw t make animals happy.B. Intrduce a study n animals.
C. Shw hw t play with animals.D. Intrduce a new app.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是关于一种新的应用程序：Happy Pets，主要介绍了这款软件的原理、功能等基本信息。
【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文中第二段中“ it can tell yu what breed(品种)yur pet is and hw it is feeling. ”（它可以告诉你你的宠物是什么品种，以及它的感受。）可知，这个应用可以告知你你的宠物的种类及它的感受。故选B。
【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“The app's AI was first taught t recgnize a picture f an animal. Then, it was taught t recgnize the facial features f cats and dgs. Next came the mst imprtant step-teaching it t detect(察觉)emtins based n certain facial features. Fr instance, if a dg tightens up its eyes and muth while changing the psitin f its ears, this means the dg is scared. T master this skill, the AT prgram "saw" and "read" thusands f example images.”（这款应用程序的AI首先被教会识别动物的图片。然后，它被教导识别猫和狗的面部特征。接下来是最重要的一步，教它根据某些面部特征来检测（察觉）情绪。例如，如果一只狗在改变耳朵位置的同时收紧眼睛和嘴巴，这就意味着它害怕了。为了掌握这项技能，AT程序“看到”和“阅读”了成千上万的示例图像。）可知，主要介绍了这个应用中AI是如何训练的。故选D。
【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“The key technlgy used in the app is facial recgnitin, a cmmn use f Al. We can unlck ur mbile phnes r enter train statins with facial recgnitin readers. But this is the first time that the tech has been used with animals. ”可知，这个应用程序使用的关键技术是面部识别，这是人工智能的一个常见用途，我们可以用面部识别读卡器解锁手机或进入火车站。但这是这种技术第一次用于动物。选项C（它使用面部识别技术）和文意相符。故选C。
【11题详解】推理判断题。本文主要是关于一种新的应用程序：Happy Pets，主要介绍了这款软件的原理、功能等基本信息，作者写这篇文章就是为了介绍这款应用程序，故选D。
D
We’ve all experienced it: waking up naturally feels refreshing, while being suddenly wken by an alarm r smene else leaves us half-asleep. Why? T understand this, let’s explre the science f sleeping.
The sleep cycle cnsists f fur stages. One f these is REM, which stands fr rapid eye mvements. The ther three are nn-REM stages. When yu fall asleep, yu first g int a state f feeling sleepy called nn-REM Stage 1. This is fllwed by deeper stages f sleep, called nn-REM stages 2 and 3. Each stage f nn-REM is deeper than the ne befre. Then, abut 90 minutes after yu first fall asleep, yu enter the furth stage, which is REM sleep. This is a stage f lighter sleep where yu d much f yur dreaming. After a few minutes, yu return t nn-REM sleep again.
In sleep labs, researchers mnitr brain waves, eye mvements, and muscle tensin like in the chin, using electrdes (电极) placed n the scalp, arund the eyes, and n the chin. Brain activity varies frm lw-amplitude (低频振幅) , fast waves when awake t high-amplitude, slw waves during deep nn-REM sleep. Nn-REM Stage 3 has the slwest, tallest waves, while REM sleep is similar t wakefulness with lw-amplitude, fast waves and rapid eye mvements. Bth stages are imprtant fr brain health and memry strage.
When yu wake up in the mrning n yur wn, it’s usually as yu cme t the end f whatever stage f sleep yu were in. Think f it like getting ff the train when it cmes t a stp at the statin. But when an alarm r smene else wakes yu up, it’s like jumping ff the train between stps, which can feel disturbing. That’s why it’s gd t wake up naturally whenever pssible.
Peple can actually train their brains t wake up at a scheduled time each day that is a natural stpping pint. Brains have an internal 24-hur clck that instructs when yu first start t feel sleepy and when yu wake up. This is related t ur natural bilgical clck.
12. Accrding t the passage, what happens during REM sleep?
A. The bdy enters the deepest stage f sleep.B. Brain waves are high in amplitude and slw.
C. Frequent dreaming ccurs during light sleep.D. Muscle tensin in the chin increases significantly.
13. Why des the authr use tw similes (明喻) in the furth paragraph?
A. T suggest the methds fr imprving sleep quality.
B. T explain the rle f nn-REM in regulating sleep cycles.
C. T emphasize the imprtance f cnsistent sleep schedules.
D. T illustrate the difference between natural and sudden waking.
14. What will the authr mst likely discuss next?
A. Methds fr adjusting t natural mrning awakenings.
B. Advice n setting alarms t match natural stpping pints.
C. The great impact f sleep cycles n memry strage.
D. New technlgies fr sleep stage mnitring in sleep labs.
15. Which f the fllwing wuld be the mst suitable title fr the article?
A. Why Natural Awakenings Feel Better?B. The Rle f Dreams in Sleep Cycles.
C. Hw t Wake Up Early Withut an Alarm?D. The Impact f Bilgical Clck n Sleep Quality.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了自然醒来和被突然叫醒感觉不同的原因，探讨了睡眠的科学原理，包括睡眠周期、REM睡眠阶段以及大脑如何通过内部时钟调节睡眠和觉醒。
【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Then, abut 90 minutes after yu first fall asleep, yu enter the furth stage, which is REM sleep. This is a stage f lighter sleep where yu d much f yur dreaming.(然后，在你第一次入睡约90分钟后，你进入了第四阶段，即REM睡眠。这是一个睡眠较浅的阶段，你会做很多梦。)”可知，在REM睡眠阶段，人们会频繁做梦，且处于浅睡眠状态。故选C项。
【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“When yu wake up in the mrning n yur wn, it’s usually as yu cme t the end f whatever stage f sleep yu were in. Think f it like getting ff the train when it cmes t a stp at the statin. But when an alarm r smene else wakes yu up, it’s like jumping ff the train between stps, which can feel disturbing. That’s why it’s gd t wake up naturally whenever pssible.(当你早上自己醒来时，通常是在你睡眠的某个阶段结束时。想象一下，这就像火车在车站停下来时你下车一样。但是，当闹钟或其他人把你叫醒时，就像在两站之间跳下火车，这会让你感到不安。这就是为什么尽可能自然醒来是件好事。)”可知，作者在第四段中使用两个明喻是为了说明自然醒来和被突然叫醒之间的区别。故选D项。
【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Peple can actually train their brains t wake up at a scheduled time each day that is a natural stpping pint.(人们实际上可以训练他们的大脑在每天一个预定的时间，即一个自然的停止点醒来。)”可知，文章接下来可能会讨论调整到自然醒来的方法。故选A项。
【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“We’ve all experienced it: waking up naturally feels refreshing, while being suddenly wken by an alarm r smene else leaves us half-asleep. Why? T understand this, let’s explre the science f sleeping.(我们都有过这样的经历：自然醒来会让人感觉神清气爽，而突然被闹钟或别人叫醒则会让我们半睡半醒。为什么？为了理解这一点，让我们来探索睡眠的科学。)”可知，文章主要探讨了自然醒来和被突然叫醒感觉不同的原因，并解释了睡眠的科学原理。因此，A选项(为什么自然醒来感觉更好？)”最适合作为文章的标题。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tips fr Staying Sharp
It’s nrmal t feel ut f it frm time t time r perhaps yu’re feeling a bit sluggish (迟钝的) when it cmes t remembering things. ____16____, try ut these five tips t stay sharp.
____17____. Yu’ve prbably heard the term “yu are what yu eat.” If yu decide t eat sugary fds that are heavy with fats, then expect t feel lazy and have n energy. But if yu decide t eat fruits, vegetables and make ther healthy eating decisins yu’ll find that yu’re full f energy.
Never stp learning. ____18____ — whether it is puzzles, reading, cking r ther tasks that will keep yur mind wrking. If yur mind is always learning new things and active, yu’ll realize that it’s much easier fr yu t learn new things. Remember yu brain is a muscle and if yu want t get the mst ut f it, yu must use it.
Stay fit. Being in gd health is a big part f staying sharp. ____19____, yur bdy is nt ging t give yu the energy that requires remembering things and cmpleting tasks. Hwever, if yu put the effrt int being healthy then yur bdy will give the energy yu need t achieve yur gals.
Ensure enugh sleep. Be sure t get the necessary amunt f sleep that yur bdy needs t functin n a daily basis. ____20____. It als helps yur bdy build up an energy reserve s yu can imprve yur ability t fcus and avid distractins.
A. Feed yur brain
B. Avid eating t much
C. If yu chse t be lazy
D. Lack f sleep leads t tiredness and slw reactin
E. If yu’re wrried abut yur frgetfulness
F. Accrding t studies, sleep helps strengthen and recver yur memries
G. Challenge yurself cnstantly
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. G 19. C 20. F
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了保持思维敏锐的五个小贴士，包括健康饮食、不断学习、保持健康、保证充足睡眠等。
【16题详解】根据上文“It’s nrmal t feel ut f it frm time t time r perhaps yu’re feeling a bit sluggish (迟钝的) when it cmes t remembering things.(有时候，当你想起一些事情的时候，你会感到心不在焉，或者感觉有点迟钝，这是很正常的)”和下文“try ut these five tips t stay sharp(试试这五个保持思维敏锐的小贴士)”说明，如果有记忆力方面的担忧可以尝试这些方法。E选项“If yu’re wrried abut yur frgetfulness(如果你担心自己健忘)”符合语境。故选E项。
【17题详解】下文“Yu’ve prbably heard the term ‘yu are what yu eat.’ If yu decide t eat sugary fds that are heavy with fats, then expect t feel lazy and have n energy. But if yu decide t eat fruits, vegetables and make ther healthy eating decisins yu’ll find that yu’re full f energy.(你可能听过“人如其食”这句话。如果你决定吃高糖高脂的食物，那么你会感到懒惰且没有精力。但如果你决定吃水果、蔬菜并做出其他健康的饮食选择，你会发现自己充满活力)”强调了饮食对大脑和身体状态的影响。A选项“Feed yur brain(滋养你的大脑)”符合语境，因为健康饮食就是在滋养大脑，为大脑提供能量。故选A项。
【18题详解】下文“whether it is puzzles, reading, cking r ther tasks that will keep yur mind wrking(无论是拼图、阅读、烹饪还是其他能让你的大脑运转的任务)”说明要不断做一些能让大脑活动的事情。G选项“Challenge yurself cnstantly(不断挑战自己)”与之呼应，不断挑战自己去做各种能让大脑工作的任务，才能让大脑保持活跃。故选G项。
【19题详解】下文“yur bdy is nt ging t give yu the energy that requires remembering things and cmpleting tasks(你的身体将无法为你提供记忆事情和完成任务所需的能量)”描述了一种不好的身体状态下的结果。C选项“If yu chse t be lazy(如果你选择偷懒)”能引出这种结果，因为偷懒不保持健康，身体就无法提供足够能量。故选C项。
【20题详解】上文“Be sure t get the necessary amunt f sleep that yur bdy needs t functin n a daily basis(一定要保证身体日常运转所需的必要睡眠时间)”强调了睡眠的重要性。F选项“Accrding t studies, sleep helps strengthen and recver yur memries(根据研究，睡眠有助于强化和恢复你的记忆)”进一步说明了睡眠对记忆的好处，与上文强调睡眠重要性相呼应。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The 29-year-ld Wu Quansui has wrked in the kindergarten fr six years. Many f her ___21___ call her “Mther Wu”, and her clseness with the students is the main reasn she has stayed n the ___22___ lng after many f her peers have left.
The cnditins were nt ___23___ when she first arrived n the island, and a bat carried daily necessities t the islated (偏远的) cmmunity nce a ___24___. The cnditin was s tugh that there was ___25___ meat, the teachers mainly ate cabbages and carrts, and they als ___26___ fresh water, she said, adding that they had t use seawater in the shwer. Unlike in ther schls, the teachers at the schl spend mst f the day with their students. “We dn’t have much t d as there is nt much ___27___ n this small island, s after the students have eaten dinner, they cme back t the schl and ___28___ with us. Smetimes, they ___29___ mre time with us than with their parents,” Wu said.
“When there was n schl n the island, the children had t g far away t study, s they culd nly ___30___ their parents a few times a year. Our schl ffers them the pprtunity t be tgether with families, and that’s what really ___31___ me.”
Cnditins n the island are als imprving. Nw, there are tw bats every week and a grcery stre has pened. The schl has als been ___32___ frm a tw-stry building int a fur-stry ne. Her ___33___ with the schl expires (到期) next year, but she plans t ___34___ it and stay t see mre children ___35___ n the island happily.
21. A. clleaguesB. pupilsC. fellwsD. neighbrs
22. A. farmB. campusC. villageD. island
23. A. tughB. gdC. prD. familiar
24. A. mnthB. yearC. weekD. seasn
25. A. littleB. enughC. muchD. varius
26. A. lackedB. sldC. appliedD. needed
27. A. develpmentB. entertainmentC. mvementD. apartment
28. A. liveB. studyC. discussD. play
29. A. spendB. takeC. cstD. pay
30. A. callB. visitC. hearD. meet
31. A. explresB. bthersC. encuragesD. challenges
32. A. explainedB. exchangedC. expectedD. expanded
33. A. cntractB. cntactC. cntextD. cntent
34. A. recallB. leaveC. renewD. respnd
35. A. take ffB. grw upC. break utD. give in
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【语篇解读】本文是新闻报道。文章描述了一位在岛上幼儿园工作了六年的教师吴泉穗的事迹，讲述了她与学生们之间的亲密关系以及岛上学校条件的改善。
【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的许多学生都叫她“吴妈妈”，她与学生的亲密关系是她在许多同龄人离开后仍留在岛上的主要原因。A. clleagues同事；B. pupils学生；C. fellws同伴；D. neighbrs邻居。根据前文“The 29-year-ld Wu Quansui has wrked in the kindergarten fr six years.”可知，吴泉穗在幼儿园工作，所以应是她的学生叫她“吴妈妈”。故选B项。
【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的许多学生都叫她“吴妈妈”，她与学生的亲密关系是她在许多同龄人离开后仍留在岛上的主要原因。A. farm农场；B. campus校园；C. village村庄；D. island岛屿。根据后文“The cnditins were nt when she first arrived n the island”可知，她是在一个岛上教学，所以是仍留在岛上。故选D项。
【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她刚到岛上时，条件并不好，一艘船每周运送一次生活必需品到这个与世隔绝的社区。A. tugh艰难的；B. gd好的；C. pr贫穷的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文“The cnditin was s tugh”可知，条件很艰苦，并不好。故选B项。
【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她刚到岛上时，条件并不好，一艘船每周运送一次生活必需品到这个与世隔绝的社区。A. mnth月；B. year年；C. week周；D. seasn季节。根据后文“Nw, there are tw bats every week and a grcery stre has pened.”可知，现在是每周有两艘船，所以之前是一艘船每周运送一次生活必需品。故选C项。
【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说，条件非常恶劣，几乎没有肉，老师们主要吃卷心菜和胡萝卜，而且他们也缺乏淡水，他们不得不用海水洗澡。A. little少的；B. enugh足够的；C. much多的；D. varius各种各样的。根据后文“the teachers mainly ate cabbages and carrts”可知，老师们主要吃卷心菜和胡萝卜，所以是几乎没有肉。故选A项。
【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说，条件非常恶劣，几乎没有肉，老师们主要吃卷心菜和胡萝卜，而且他们也缺乏淡水，他们不得不用海水洗澡。A. lacked缺少；B. sld卖；C. applied应用；D. needed需要。根据后文“they had t use seawater in the shwer.”可知，用海水洗澡，所以他们也缺乏淡水。故选A项。
【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们没有太多的事情要做，因为这个小岛上没有太多的娱乐活动，所以学生们吃完晚饭后，他们就会回到学校和我们一起玩。A. develpment发展；B. entertainment娱乐；C. mvement运动；D. apartment公寓。根据后文“s after the students have eaten dinner, they cme back t the schl”可知，学生们吃完晚饭后，他们就会回到学校，所以小岛上没有太多的娱乐活动。故选B项。
【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们没有太多的事情要做，因为这个小岛上没有太多的娱乐活动，所以学生们吃完晚饭后，他们就会回到学校和我们一起玩。A. live居住；B. study学习；C. discuss讨论；D. play玩耍。根据前文“We dn’t have much t d as there is nt much n this small island, s after the students have eaten dinner, they cme back t the schl”可知，岛上没有太多的娱乐活动，所以学生会回到学校和老师们一起玩。故选D项。
【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候，他们和我们在一起的时间比和父母在一起的时间还多。A. spend花费（时间/金钱）；B. take花费（时间）；C. cst花费（金钱/代价）；D. pay支付。根据前文“they cme back t the schl and with us”可知，学生们吃完晚饭后，他们就会回到学校和老师们一起玩，所以和老师们在一起的时间比和父母在一起的时间还多。故选A项。
【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在岛上没有学校的时候，孩子们不得不去很远的地方学习，所以他们一年只能与父母见几次面。A. call呼叫；B. visit看望；C. hear听见；D. meet遇见。根据前文“When there was n schl n the island, the children had t g far away t study”可知，如果在岛上没有学校的时候，孩子们不得不去很远的地方学习，以他们一年只能与父母见几次面。故选D项。
【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们学校为他们提供了与家人在一起的机会，这才是真正鼓励我的地方。A. explres探索；B. bthers打扰；C. encurages鼓励；D. challenges挑战。根据前文“When there was n schl n the island, the children had t g far away t study, s they culd nly their parents a few times a year.”可知，如果在岛上没有学校的时候，孩子们不得不去很远的地方学习，那么他们一年只能去看望父母几次，而学校提供的机会让学生能够与家人团聚，这给了作者很大的鼓舞和动力。故选C项。
【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这所学校也从一栋两层的建筑扩建成了一栋四层的建筑。A. explained解释；B. exchanged交换；C. expected期望；D. expanded扩展。根据后文“frm a tw-stry building int a fur-stry ne.”可知，学校从一栋两层的建筑扩建成了一栋四层的建筑。故选D项。
【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她与学校的合同将于明年到期，但她计划续签，并留在岛上，看着更多的孩子在岛上快乐地成长。A. cntract合同；B. cntact联系；C. cntext上下文；D. cntent内容。根据后文“with the schl expires (到期) next year”结合选项可知，应是合同到期。故选A项。
【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她与学校的合同将于明年到期，但她计划续签，并留在岛上，看着更多的孩子在岛上快乐地成长。A. recall回忆；B. leave离开；C. renew更新；D. respnd回应。根据后文“stay t see mre children n the island happily”可知，她想看着更多的孩子在岛上快乐地成长，所以在合同到期后，会续签。故选C项。
【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她与学校的合同将于明年到期，但她计划续签，并留在岛上，看着更多的孩子在岛上快乐地成长。A. take ff起飞；B. grw up成长；C. break ut爆发；D. give in放弃。根据前文“stay t see mre children”结合选项，应是“看着更多的孩子在岛上快乐地成长”符合语境。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Beautiful Frbidden City
The Frbidden City, ne f the mst famus landmarks in China, ____36____ (stand) at the heart f Beijing, carrying ver 600 years f histry. Having witnessed the reigns f 24 emperrs, it has becme a symbl f China’s rich cultural heritage.
Visitrs are ften amazed by the grand halls and delicate gardens, which are designed with great accuracy ____37____ (reflect) traditinal Chinese culture. As they pass thrugh the big red gates, they are immediately transprted back in time. The intricate carvings and glden rftps, which shine brilliantly under the sun, add t the palace’s ____38____ (beautiful). Althugh China is hme t many histrical sites, few are ____39____ (impressive) than the Frbidden City. It is a place ____40____ ancient art and imperial pwer are perfectly cmbined, attracting millins f turists each year. Strict rules have been applied t prevent damage ____41____ careless visitrs, ensuring its charm remains well reserved fr future generatins.
The site appears especially magical in winter, when a thin layer f snw ____42____ (cver) the rftps makes the glden bricks shine even brighter. In recent years, mdern technlgies ____43____ (use) t prtect and restre this ancient masterpiece. Thanks t these effrts, peple can cntinue t appreciate its magnificence fr ____44____ (century) t cme.
Fr thse wh lve histry and architecture, _____45_____ visit t the Frbidden City is a must. It is nt nly a histrical landmark but als a treasure f Chinese civilizatin.
【答案】36. stands 37. t reflect 38. beauty 39. mre impressive 40. where 41. frm
42. cvering 43. have been used 44. centuries 45. a
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国著名的地标性建筑——故宫。
【36题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：故宫，中国最著名的地标性建筑之一，坐落在北京的中心，承载着600多年的历史。此处表示客观事实，句子时态用一般现在时，主语The Frbidden City是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故填stands。
【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：游客们常常惊叹于那些宏伟的宫殿和精致的花园，它们经过精心设计，精准地体现了中国传统文化。空处作目的状语，需用动词不定式。故填t reflect。
【38题详解】考查名词。句意：那些复杂精细的雕刻和金色的屋顶，在阳光下闪耀着璀璨的光芒，增添了这座宫殿的美丽。空格处用名词作宾语，beautiful的名词是beauty，是不可数名词。故填beauty。
【39题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：尽管中国有许多历史遗迹，但很少有能比故宫更令人印象深刻的了。由than可知，空格处用比较级，impressive的比较级是mre impressive。故填mre impressive。
【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一个古代艺术与皇权完美结合的地方，每年都吸引着数百万游客。空格处引导的是定语从句，先行词place，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【41题详解】考查介词。句意：严格的规定已被实施，以防止粗心的游客对其造成破坏，确保它的魅力能完好地保留给子孙后代。是固定短语，意为“防止……”，因此空格处是介词frm。故填frm。
【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：故宫在冬季显得格外神奇，当薄薄的一层雪覆盖在屋顶上时，使得金色的砖瓦更加明亮耀眼。句中谓语是appears，空格处用非谓语动词，snw和cver之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词作后置定语。故填cvering。
【43题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：近年来，现代技术已被用于保护和修复这一古老的杰作。由In recent years可知，句子时态用现在完成时，现代技术是被使用，因此空格处是现在完成时的被动语态，即have/has been dne，主语technlgies是复数，因此空格处是have been used。故填have been used。
【44题详解】考查名词的复数。句意：近年来，现代技术已被用于保护和修复这一古老的杰作。century是可数名词，此处表示泛指，前面无不定冠词，因此空格处用复数centuries。故填centuries。
【45题详解】考查冠词。句意：对于那些热爱历史和建筑的人来说，参观故宫是必不可少的。visit是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，visit发音以辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a修饰。故填a。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你们学校的外教Mike对中国的传统节日端午节很感兴趣，发邮件向你咨询有关习俗。请你回复邮件，内容包括：时间、文化涵养、庆祝活动等。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Mike,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mike,
I’m happy t knw yur inquiry abut the Dragn Bat Festival and nw I’m writing t intrduce it t yu.
The festival falls n the fifth day f the fifth lunar mnth. It is bserved in memry f Quyuan, a patritic pet in ancient China, wh drwned himself in a river as prtest against crruptin. One celebratin is the dragn bat race, where paddlers rw t the beat f a drum, resembling the search fr Qu Yuan’s bdy in the river. On this day, peple eat zngzi, which are glutinus rice dumplings wrapped in bamb leaves.
I want t invite yu t experience the Dragn Bat Festival in China. The festive atmsphere and cultural traditins are nt t be missed.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料；根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was 13, I climbed my first muntain. I was verweight at the time and ut f breath when I reached the peak. But I lved the challenge f it. Sn I’d climbed nearly 100 peaks. My parents were happy I’d finally fund my favrite hbby.
I ften g climbing with my friend Mel Olsen. Tw years ag, n December 30, when I was 16, she and I drve t Oregn t tackle 11, 240-ft Munt Hd.
It’s safer t start winter climbs at night when there’s less risk f the sun melting the snwpack. That day, we started at 3 a.m., fllwing the paths alngside the ski runs. The temperature was abut 14 degrees, and we wre layers we culd easily remve, knwing the climbing wuld make us warm.
After abut five hurs, we reached Devil’s Kitchen, a plateau(高原) at abut 10, 000 feet, just befre the final push t the tp. By this pint, the wind cnditins were very unpleasant. My expsed skin felt as thugh it were burning. Sme ther climbers decided t turn back, but Mel and I went ahead. We had ice axes(斧子), helmets and crampns(带钉铁鞋底). We were prepared fr the climb.
The trail we fllwed grew narrwer and steeper. At arund 9 a.m., we reached an ice step. It was abut three r fur feet tall and slped at a 75-degree angle. I vlunteered t g first. I placed my left ft n the ice step.
Yu gain a sense f the ice when yu stick yur ax and crampns int it, and it felt gd. Cnfident that I was safe, I put my full weight n it. Suddenly I heard a crack, and a whle thick piece f ice brke ff the step, right under my ft.
In an instant, I fell backward. I culd hear Mel calling my name as I fell dwn, buncing ff the rck face and rlling dwn the muntain as if I were a character in a vide game. I remember thinking, “That is it. Yu’re dne.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I stuck ut my arms and legs, grabbing at anything.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
With Mel by my side I’d been lying n the icy rck fr fur hurs by the time the rescuers reached me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
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【答案】
I stuck ut my arms and legs, grabbing at anything. But it didn’t help!/(That slwed my rlling dwn the muntain, but I was still sliding.) After a few heart-in-muth secnds, I came t a stp n an icy rck. My clthes were shredded, my helmet was brken and my face was bldied frm cuts and scratches. Wrse still, I was suffering frm a sharp, unbearable pain in my legs. Fear gripped me and I was sinking t the depths f despair when Mel made her way dwn. Seeing me unable t mve, she yelled fr help, and with the help f several adult climbers she called the Muntain Rescue.
With Mel by my side I’d been lying n the icy rck fr fur hurs by the time the rescuers reached me. They strapped me int a sled and pulled me dwn the muntain. I have a pretty high pain tlerance, but I screamed with each bunce. At the bttm f Munt Hd, I was laded int an ambulance and taken t a hspital, where my brken legs were treated. I didn’t get released until ne mnth later. It‘s true that the fall brught me pain and made me mre cautius. But the experience als made me grw as a persn with grwing faith in friendship and greater enthusiasm fr my favrite hbby.Early Mrning
Usually barders get up arund 7: 00 am and have arund an hur t take a shwer and put n their unifrm befre breakfast.
Lessns
Classes start at 9: 00 am and every lessn lasts fr 50 minutes. After tw lessns, yu’ll have a shrt break at 10: 40 am. The next perid f classes will include tw mre lessns.
Lunch
Lunch is usually held arund 12: 30 pm at the dining hall, where yu’ll jin yur friends t enjy a ht dish. After an hur f lunch, yu’ll have three r fur mre lessns t attend.
Dinner
At 5: 00 pm yu will have finished yur schl lessns fr the day. Mst barding schls in the UK ffer their full barders different kinds f ht meals t chse frm.
Activities
All barding schls in the UK prvide many different kinds f activities fr their barders, such as ftball, swimming, glf r art.
Prep
An imprtant part f barding schl life is the supervised hmewrk sessin knwn as “prep”. Althugh prep might sund stressful, it’s a great way fr yu t keep up with yur studies.
Free time
Once yu are dne with yur classes and activities, it’s time t relax.
Bedtime
In mst barding schls, the lights g ut arund 10: 30 pm.