高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练 专题11 阅读七选五议论文（2份，原卷版+解析版）

这是一份高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练 专题11 阅读七选五议论文（2份，原卷版+解析版），文件包含高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题11阅读七选五议论文解析版docx、高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题11阅读七选五议论文原题版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共36页， 欢迎下载使用。
\l "_Tc148898652" 题型综述2
\l "_Tc148898652" 解题攻略3
\l "_Tc148898653" 题型01 论点句题3
\l "_Tc148898654" 题型02 论据支撑句题4
\l "_Tc148898655" 题型03 过渡衔接句题
\l "_Tc148898656" 题型04 总结句题7
\l "_Tc148898657" 高考练场8
题型简介
高考英语阅读中的七选五议论文，旨在考查学生对议论性文本的语篇连贯性与逻辑性的把握。此类文章围绕特定观点展开论述，作者运用论据、推理来支持或反驳论点，话题涉猎教育改革、社会现象剖析、道德伦理探讨等领域，行文依靠论点、论据与论证的紧密配合，语言富有逻辑性，结构层次分明，而七选五题型要求学生从七个备选句子里挑出五个恰当的，嵌入文中空缺处，使文章语义通顺、论证连贯。
命题类型
论点句：常处于段落开头，用来明确提出该段落的核心主张，引领后续的论证阐述，为全段定下论述基调，例如 “In additin t ecnmic benefits, there is anther crucial aspect t cnsider.”，旗帜鲜明开启新论述方向。
论据支撑句：为已提出的论点补充事实依据、具体案例、统计数据、名人名言等内容，让抽象论点变得鲜活可感，增强说服力。比如论点是 “运动有益身心”，论据句可能列举长期运动人群的健康数据。
过渡衔接句：位于段落之间或段落内部，起到承上启下的关键作用，既总结上文关键要点，又自然流畅地开启下文新话题，确保论证层层递进、环环相扣，就像 “Hwever, the situatin is far frm perfect, and new prblems have emerged.”，在转折间推进论述。
总结句：常出现在段末，对全段论述内容进行扼要概括，再次强调论点，加深读者印象，或者对后续论证走向做含蓄铺垫，如 “In shrt, we need t take immediate actin t address this issue.” 。
解题思路
速览全文抓主旨：快速通读文章，尤其留意文章标题、首段以及每段首尾句，迅速提炼核心论点，明确文章围绕什么主题、秉持什么立场在展开议论，为后续解题锚定大方向。
分析空处位置定功能：若空缺处在段首，优先考虑论点句，要能提纲挈领；位于段中，大概率是衔接过渡或补充论据；要是在段尾，多为总结收尾，或是抛出引出下段的悬念话题。
找关键词匹配：仔细研读空缺处上下文，圈出关键实词，比对选项，找出与之匹配的词汇，像同义词、反义词、同类词，借助语义关联锁定潜在答案，例如上文提及 “envirnmental prtectin”，选项含 “green initiatives” 就值得关注。
依循逻辑关系选：关注文中逻辑连接词，如表示并列的 “and”“als” ，转折的 “but”“hwever”，因果的 “s”“therefre” 等，据此判断选项与上下文逻辑是否契合，使文章论证行云流水。
代入通读核查：把选好的句子依次填入文中，完整通读一遍，检查文章整体语义连贯、逻辑通顺与否，如有语义跳跃、衔接生硬的地方，需重新审视选项。
题型01 论点句题

（24-25高三上·重庆·阶段练习）Wrrying is just a familiar emtin that a persn gets when he starts t get cncerned abut the utcme f smething that he cares abut. 1 It’s all abut the triggers (诱因).
4 As yu might have already guessed, nt giving in t the first negative thught is ne f the best strategies t deal with wrrying. By pushing that negative thught away as sn as it appears yu can give yurself the chance nt t fall int this wrrying trap.
A．Mre wrrying means mre time wasted.
B．This is where the dwnward cycle ften begins.
C．But what we may nt knw is its negative effects.
D．But d yu knw hw the wrrying prcess starts?
E．Hwever, there are still ways t break free frm this cycle.
F．Yu may study harder if wrried abut, fr example, an upcming exam.
G．The biggest prblem here is that things peple wrry abut are usually uncertain.
【答案】4．E
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了担忧这一情感的产生、影响以及如何应对担忧，作者提出了自己的观点和建议，引导读者对担忧进行理性思考和有效应对。
4．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“As yu might have already guessed, nt giving in t the first negative thught is ne f the best strategies t deal with wrrying. By pushing that negative thught away as sn as it appears yu can give yurself the chance nt t fall int this wrrying trap. (正如你可能已经猜到的那样，不向第一个负面想法屈服是应对担忧的最佳策略之一。只要负面想法一出现，你就将其推开，这样你就能给自己一个不陷入这种担忧陷阱的机会。)”可知，下文提到摆脱担忧的方法是不向负面想法屈服。选项E“Hwever, there are still ways t break free frm this cycle. (然而，仍有办法摆脱这种循环。)”自然引出后文关于摆脱担忧循环的具体策略的内容，符合逻辑。故选E。
题型02 论据支撑句题

（2024·广东广州·一模）As a baby, Jack’s remarkable swimming jurney began. At ten mnths, he already practised with swim aids. At six, he wn his first swimming cmpetitin in a grup fr kids ten-and-under. At seven, he stayed at the pl frm nine in the mrning till eight hurs later. His mther, recgnizing his gift, tk it as her duty t guide him. 11 By a yung age, Jack had been ranked the number ne swimmer f the cuntry, a title he held fr a recrd-breaking duratin.
In a wrld that demands peple t specialize early, we face a challenge t keep the benefits f diverse
experiences and delayed cncentratin. There’s a need fr thse with Jack’s early fcus. 15 — Peple wh start with many different things and accept varius experiences. Peple with range.
A．There was n time t waste.
B．And it was all ging accrding t plan.
C．The grwing cmplexity f the wrld als calls fr mre Sams.
D．But it didn’t seem t hld back his develpment in the lng run.
E．In reality, the Sam’s path t success is far mre cmmn, yet less tld.
F．In cntrast t Jack, Sam didn’t shw significant sprting talent until later.
G．Unlike the swimming talent, Sam’s early years were filled with a variety f sprts.
【答案】 15．C
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过杰克和山姆不同的运动成长经历，探讨了早期专注专项训练与多样活动体验对成为冠军的不同影响，进而思考当下社会所需人才类型。
15．根据上文“In a wrld that demands peple t specialize early, we face a challenge t keep the benefits f diverse experiences and delayed cncentratin. There’s a need fr thse with Jack’s early fcus. (在一个要求人们尽早专注的世界里，我们面临着一个挑战，即保持多样化体验和延迟专注的好处。需要像杰克那样早期关注的人。)” 可知，这里已经提到了对于早期专注的需求，那么接下来应该会讲到世界对多样性和延迟专注的需求。选项C“世界日益复杂，也需要更多像山姆这样的人”符合语境，衔接下文恰当。故选C。
题型03 过渡衔接句题

（24-25高三上·四川泸州·阶段练习）Happiness is a paradxical (自相矛盾) gal. We all want t be happy, yet we ften fail at predicting what will make us happy. We pursue gals like wealth, fitness, status and
mastery nly t find that achieving them desn’t really change ur live. 16 . We wrry abut things we cannt cntrl, hld grudges (仇恨)against peple we cannt influence. and spend time n activities we dn’t truly value.
17 But frm my perspective, I have fund a few maxims that have made my life better.
Meet ther peple mre than halfway.
We are a narcissistic species. 20 Even ur utwardly directed thughts are ften self-centered: We care abut ur relatinship with ther peple. Absent ur interest in them, we direct little mental capacity twards thers’ viewpints.
Thse are my rules fr happiness, what are yurs? What things d yu try t live by that make yu happier? Share yur thughts in the cmments.
A．Remember everything is a chice.
B．Striving is gd, but achieving is verrated (高估).
C．Nearly all f ur thughts are directed twards urselves
D．I dn’t claim t have discvered the recipe fr happiness
E．In cntrast, we ften deliberately make urselves miserable
F．Much f happiness lies in little jys and mments that we can easily verlk.
G．Daydreaming abut a pssibility that isn’t practical desn’t make yu better ff.
【答案】16．E 17．D
20．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“幸福”这一主题，探讨了人们追求幸福时常常陷入的矛盾和误区，并提出了一些实用的建议来改善生活，使读者能够反思并找到适合自己的幸福之道。
16．根据上文“Happiness is a paradxical (自相矛盾) gal. We all want t be happy, yet we ften fail at predicting what will make us happy We pursue gals like wealth, fitness, status and mastery nly t find that achieving them desn’t really change ur live(幸福是一个自相矛盾的目标。我们都渴望幸福，然而我们常常无法预测什么会让我们感到幸福。我们追求财富、健康、地位
以及精通技能等目标，结果却发现实现这些目标其实并不会真正改变我们的生活。)”可知，人们经常想要追求幸福，但是却不能真正幸福。选项E“In cntrast, we ften deliberately make urselves miserable(相反，我们经常故意让自己痛苦。)”延续上文内容，指出人们以为追求财富、健康、地位以及精通技能等目标可以让自己幸福，但是这些并不会改变生活，甚至会让自己痛苦。故选E。
17．根据下文“But frm my perspective, I have fund a few maxims that have made my life better.(但从我的角度来看，我发现了一些让我的生活变得更好的准则。)”中的“But”可推测，空处和“幸福的准则”相关。选项D“I dn’t claim t have discvered the recipe fr happiness(我不敢说我已经发现了幸福的秘诀。)”与此相符，自然
引出下文内容，即作者发现了一些让生活更好的准则。故选D。
20．根据下文“Even ur utwardly directed thughts are ften self-centered: We care abut ur relatinship with ther peple.(甚至我们那些看似对外的想法往往也是以自我为中心的：我们在意自己与他人的关系。)”可知，下文提到我们的想法都是以自我为中心的。选项C“Nearly all f ur thughts are directed twards urselves(几乎我们所有的想法都是指向自己的。)”与下文内容一致，都是在说人类是自我中心的。故选C。
题型04 总结句题

（2024·广东湛江·一模）Many significant internatinal prjects have cnsidered hw schling might change t better match the changes that have taken place in the 21st century. 26 One is a shift in the meaning f knwledge, and the ther is the need t build educatin systems based arund what we nw knw abut learning.
28 Nr des it deny the need fr bvius gals fr students’ knwledge develpment. Rather, the future-fcused educatin literature suggests we need t adpt a much mre cmplex view f knwledge, ne that incrprates knwing, ding and being. Alngside this we need t rethink ur ideas abut hw ur learning systems are rganized, resurced and supprted. Research clearly shws that peple d nt learn well as passive recipients (接受者) f pre-packaged, bite-sized pieces f knwledge. 29
Althugh sme f these principles are understd by many teachers, ur educatin systems and practices are ften set up in ways that d nt supprt these principles t perate in practice. Teachers and schl leaders are attempting paradigm (范式) shifts. 30
A．There needs t be wider public supprt fr them.
B．There are tw imprtant ideas that supprt this wrk.
C．This des nt mean that knwledge n lnger matters.
D．Gd learning requires active engagement in the “whle game”.
E．We are required t prepare yung peple fr the knwledge age.
F．This is pssible nly when active learning appraches are applied.
G．In the knwledge age, the ability t generate value is put in the first place.
【答案】 29．D 30．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了教育如何进行改变，以更好地适应21世纪发生的变化。
29．根据前文“Research clearly shws that peple d nt learn well as passive recipients (接受者) f pre-packaged, bite-sized pieces f knwledge.”（研究清楚地表明，被动接受预先包装好的、零碎的知识不会让人学得很好。）可知，此处作者提出了他不赞长的“被动灌输”的学习的方式，因此，空处应该是作者认可的学习方式。选项D“Gd learning requires active engagement in the “whle game”.”（良好的学习需要积极参与“整个游戏”。），表明积极参与是有利于学习的，符合题意，故选D项。
30．根据前文“Althugh sme f these principles are understd by many teachers, ur educatin systems and practices are ften set up in ways that d nt supprt these principles t perate in practice. Teachers and schl leaders are attempting paradigm (范式) shifts. ”（虽然其中一些原则被许多教师所理解，但我们的教育系统和实践往往是以不支持这些原则在实践中运作的方式建立起来的。教师和学校领导正在尝试范式转变。）可知，许多教师理解的原则在实践中并不被教育系统所支持，大大促使教师和学校领导要做出转变。作为段落的结尾句，应该提出对于教师和学校领导的转变要有支持。选项A“There needs t be wider public supprt fr them.”（他们需要得到更广泛的公众支持。）中的“them”指代前文的“teachers and schl leaders”，符合题意，故选A项。
(2024年新课标高考英语甲卷)
What is mderatin (适度)? Basically, it means eating nly as much fd as yur bdy needs. Yu shuld feel satisfied at the end f a meal, but nt t full. ____16____ But it desn't mean saying gdbye t the fds yu lve.
Take yur time. It's imprtant t slw dwn and think abut fd as smething nutritius rather than just smething t eat in between meetings. ____17____ It actually takes a few minutes fr yur brain t tell yur bdy that it has had enugh fd, s eat slwly and stp eating befre yu feel full.
Eat with thers whenever pssible. Eating alne, “specially in frnt f the TV r cmputer, ften leads t mindless vereating. And be careful abut the fds yu keep at hand. It's mre challenging t eat in mderatin if yu have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like ckies. ____18____
Cntrl emtinal (情绪的) eating. ____19____ Many f us als turn t fd t deal with unpleasant emtins such as sadness, lneliness, r bredm. But by learning healthier ways t manage emtins, yu can regain cntrl ver the fd yu eat and yur feelings.
____20____ A healthy breakfast can start yur metablism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps yur energy up all day. Avid eating late at night. Try t eat dinner earlier and fast fr 14 — 16 hurs until breakfast the next mrning. Studies suggest that eating nly when yu're mst active and giving yur digestive system a lng break each day may help t regulate weight.
A. Eat prperly thrughut the day.
B. We dn't always eat just t satisfy hunger.
C. Dn't swallw a meal n the way t wrk.
D. Mst f us need t duble the amunt we eat.
E. Instead, surrund yurself with healthy chices.
F. Fr many f us, mderatin means eating less than we d nw.
G. That wn't lead t cheating r giving up n yur new eating plan.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【16题详解】
上文“Basically, it means eating nly as much fd as yur bdy needs, Yu shuld feel satisfied at the end f a meal, but nt t full. (基本上，它意味着只吃你身体需要的食物，你应该在用餐结束时感到满足，但不要太饱)”指出，进餐时不要吃太饱，吃东西要适量。下文“But it desn’t mean saying gdbye t the fds yu lve. (但这并不意味着要告别你喜欢的食物)”指出，适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说，节制意味着比现在少吃。”解释了何为适量进食。承上启下，符合文意，选项中的“means”与下文一致。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Take yur time. It’s imprtant t slw dwn and think abut fd as smething nutritius rather than just smething t eat in between meetings. (慢慢来。放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西，这一点很重要)”可推知，本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于急躁。C项“上班路上不要狼吞虎咽。”承接上文。符合文意。故选C项。
【18题详解】
上文“It’s mre challenging t eat in mderatin if yu have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like ckies. (如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，E项“相反，你应该选择健康的食物。”符合文意，建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据本段首句“Cntrl emtinal (情绪的) eating. (控制情绪化进食)”以及下文“Many f us als turn t fd t
deal with unpleasant emtins such as sadness, lneliness, r bredm.(我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊)”可推知，本段主要建议读者不要情绪化的进行暴饮暴食，要进行健康饮食。B项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”指出有些人吃东西并不总是为了充饥，引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪，符合语境。故选B项。
【20题详解】
设空处位于段首，总结全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start yur metablism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps yur energy up all day, Avid eating late at night. Try t eat dinner earlier and fast fr 14 — 16 hurs until breakfast the next mrning. (健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以让你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜进食。尽量早点吃晚饭，禁食14 — 16个小时，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我们在一天中的每个时间段都要健康饮食。A项“一整天都要适当饮食。”符合语境。故选A项。
(2022年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）英语试题)
I have a drawer full f letters t Santa. Each year my children wuld write up their Christmas wish lists. They were plite requests fr the latest game r ty. As the children gt lder, they wuld give Santa sme hints(提示)n where t buy their presents. 1
Thse letters taught my children a valuable lessn abut writing: It has a purpse. Smetimes ur purpse is t achieve smething;ther times it may be t entertain, infrm, r persuade. 2 And when writing desn’t seem t have any purpse r get any kind f meaningful respnse, then it can be hard t get excited abut ding it.
Christmas is a great time f year fr children t cmmunicate with thers thrugh writing. When children write fr real audiences and real purpses, they can learn t chse their wrds accrdingly. 3 Yu write “Dear Santa” because yu dn’t knw him persnally and yu want t shw him respect.
4 Texting, nline messaging, live chats while playing vide games all mean that they are cnstantly prducing written messages. Hwever, because they are usually writing t family and friends, they use infrmal language mst f the time.
There is nthing wrng with this kind f writing. It suits the audience and the purpse and gets the jb dne. 5 This type f writing wn’t be rewarded by the schl examiner, nr by a future emplyer r a ptential client. The very best cmmunicatrs are thse wh knw hw t adjust their language t match their audience.
A．It isn’t that these yung peple can’t write.
B．But it is always purpseful-r at least it shuld be.
C．The age f pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D．As a result, each year they received smething they wanted.
E．Yu write “Hi Nanna and Pp” because yu are clse t them.
F．As technlgy develps, yung peple are writing mre than they ever have.
G．But if this is the nly kind f writing yung peple d, it will cause prblems.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．E 4．F 5．G
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讲述孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信暗示得到自己心仪的礼物，从而论证观点：人们写作都是带有某种目的的。
1．根据空前“As the children gt lder, they wuld give Santa sme hints(提示)n where t buy their presents. (随着孩子们逐渐长大，他们会给圣诞老人一些提示，告诉他去哪里买礼物。)”可知，孩子们给圣诞老人提示去哪买礼物。结合选项可知，D项“As a result, each year they received smething they wanted. (结果，他们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。)”为孩子们提示的结果：收到心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果关系。故选D项。
2．根据空前“Smetimes ur purpse is t achieve smething;ther times t may be t entertain, infrm, r persuade. (有时我们的目的是为了获得东西，有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)”可知，我们写作都是带着目的的。结合选项B“But it is always purpseful-r at least it shuld be. (但它总是有目的的——或者至少应该是这样。)”可知，前后语意一致，说明写作是带有目的的。故选B项。
3．根据空前“When children write fr real audiences and real purpses, they can learn t chse their wrds accrdingly. (当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的目的写作时，他们就能学会相应地选择用词。)”以及空后“Yu write “Dear Santa” because yu dn’t knw him persnally and yu want t shw him respect. (你写“亲爱的圣诞老人”是因为你不认识他，你想表达对他的尊重。)”可知，空后句和空前句之间是“理论——实践”的关系，由此可推知，空处也应为具体的实践。结合选项E“Yu write “Hi Nanna and Pp” because yu are clse t them. (你写“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因为你和他们很亲近。)”可知，符合这一逻辑。而且和空后结构一致。故选E项。
4．根据空后“Texting, nline messaging, live chats while playing vide games all mean that they are cnstantly prducing written messages. (在玩电子游戏时发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们在不断地产生书面信息。 )”可知，科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。结合选项F“As technlgy develps, yung peple are writing mre than they ever have. (随着科技的发展，年轻人写的东西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后语意一致，符合语境。故选F项。
5．根据空前“There is nthing wrng with this kind f writing. It suits the audience and the purpse and gets the jb dne. (这种写作方式并没有错。它迎合了观众和目的，完成了任务。)”可知，作者在评价这种科技影响下的写作方式。结合选项G“But if this is the nly kind f writing yung peple d, it will cause prblems. (但如果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式，那就会造成问题。)”可知，前后语意一致，从正反两方面评价科技带来的写作。故选G项。
(江苏省南京市第十三中学2023-2024学年高考模拟英语试卷)
Art is all arund us. It can be fund everywhere, including fancy galleries, peple’s living rms, and n the sides f buildings. S, why is art imprtant?
It prmtes expressin and creativity. As humans, we’re naturally drawn t art as a frm f expressin and cmmunicatin. 6 It’s a way fr them t express themselves befre they’re able t speak. In fact, participatin in the arts may even assist kids with language, mtr skills, and visual learning develpment.
7 . When smene applies fr a jb, there are certain skills they need t have like data analysis r bkkeeping. Hwever, many emplyers als understand the very imprtant need fr the skills which are hard t measure and ften difficult t define. Sme examples include a persn’s ability t adapt t change, think creatively, r cllabrate with team members.
It prvides histrical cntext. 8 . This is why peple dedicate their lives t studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and s much mre. When we take the time t dive int art created in the past, we can learn abut ther generatins and eras. We can study art t find ut what thse befre us were facing and hw they vercame it. 9 .
In therapy (疗法) settings, art als prvides an pprtunity fr digging deeper and expressing emtins that are difficult t discuss. 10 . In ne imprtant study, children between 6 and 12 were asked t draw a huse as a distractin after thinking abut smething upsetting. This grup was able t imprve their md when cmpared with children wh were instructed t draw the negative event r simply cpy anther drawing.
A．It helps all f us develp necessary sft skills.
B．These are its majr benefits.
C．It can help peple handle mental prblems.
D．Art and human histry g hand-in-hand.
E．Similarly, future generatins will learn abut current events by the art we leave behind.
F．Hw des it have an impact n ur life?
G．Children lve t draw, sing and dance.
【答案】6．G 7．A 8．D 9．E 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要分析了艺术重要的原因。
6．根据下文“It’s a way fr them t express themselves befre they’re able t speak.”（这是他们在会说话之前表达自己的一种方式。）和“In fact, participatin in the arts may even assist kids with language, mtr skills, and visual learning develpment.”（事实上，参与艺术活动甚至可以帮助孩子提高语言、运动技能和视觉学习能力。）可知，下一句中的“them”和“they”指的是“孩子”，选项G. Children lve t draw, sing, and dance.（孩子们喜欢画画、唱歌和跳舞。）与下文句意相连，“them”和“they”指代G中的“Chidren”，“It”指代G中提到的“draw, sing and dance”，衔接合理。故选G。
7．空处为该段的主题句，分析了艺术重要的原因之一。根据下文“Hwever, many emplyers als understand the very imprtant need fr the skills which are hard t measure and ften difficult t define. Sme examples include a persn’s ability t adapt t change, think creatively, r cllabrate with team members.”（然而，许多雇主也明白对那些难以衡量和定义的技能的重要需求，一些例子包括一个人适应变化、创造性思考或与团队成员合作的能力。）可知，该段主要表达了很多工作都需要员工具有一定的软技能，选项A. It helps all f us develp necessary sft skills.（它帮助我们所有人发展必要的软技能。）指出了艺术可以帮助人们发展必要的软技能，这是艺术重要的原因之一，符合本段主题。故选A。
8．根据上一句“It prvides histrical cntext.”（它提供了历史背景。）和下一句“This is why peple dedicate their lives t studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and s much mre.”（这就是为什么人们毕生致力于研究洞穴艺术，莎士比亚戏剧，以及更多的东西。）可知，艺术具有历史背景，通过研究艺术，可以发掘更多的历史知识，可见艺术和历史是戚戚相关的。选项D. Art and human histry g hand-in-hand.（艺术和人类历史是密不可分的。）表达了这层含义，下一句中的“This”指的就是选项D所表达的内容，语意衔接合理，符合语境。故选D。
9．根据上一句“We can study art t find ut what thse befre us were facing and hw they vercame it.”（我们可以通过学习艺术来了解前人所面临的问题，以及他们是如何克服的。），选项E. Similarly, future generatins will learn abut current events by the art we leave behind.（同样，子孙后代将通过我们留下的艺术来了解当前的事件。）进一步解释说明了“It prvides histrical cntext.”（艺术可以提供历史背景。）这一段落主旨，我们可以通过艺术了解前人，同样我们的后代也可以通过艺术了解我们，语意衔接合理，符合主题。故选E。
10．根据上一句“In therapy (疗法) settings, art als prvides an pprtunity fr digging deeper and expressing emtins that are difficult t discuss.”（在治疗环境中，艺术也提供了一个深入挖掘和表达难以讨论的情感的机会。）和下文“This grup was able t imprve their md when cmpared with children wh were instructed t draw the negative event r simply cpy anther drawing.”（与那些被指导画消极事件或只是复制另一幅画的孩子相比，这组孩子的情绪得到了改善。）可知，艺术能够帮助孩子们挖掘和表达情感，并改善情绪，选项C. It can help peple handle mental prblems.（它可以帮助人们解决心理问题。）表达了这层含义，也是该段的主题句。故选C。
A
（24-25高三上·山西·阶段练习）It is nt generally realized, fr example, that a tale written in China in the ninth century is the wrld’s ldest knwn versin f the stry f Cinderella. The next earliest was nt published until seven hundred years later — in Lyns, France, in 1544. In additin, 350 ther stries that are related in sme way t Cinderella have been cllected frm every cntinent.
Thse Cinderella stries fall int tw main grups. In ne, the fcus is n the ball, while cmparatively little attentin is paid t the supernatural frce that helps her. This is the type mst familiar t us and mst cmmnly fund in western Eurpe. In thse fund in eastern Eurpe, much attentin is paid t the helpful animals. But the Chinese versin cntains bth.
Old thugh it is, the Chinese versin shws definite signs f having been based n still earlier — and nw lst — versins. The incident f the ball, fr example, is linked with the rest f the stry s unnaturally that it seems that the authr has brrwed this incident frm sme still earlier versin, but withut clearly understanding
its significance. It will als be remembered that the king wh married the girl came frm a cuntry called T’-huan. Thugh this cuntry is nt identified in the stry, we knw frm Chinese histrical writings f that time that there was a small cuntry by that name lcated near a regin called T’-h-l. And T’-h-l can be identified with certainty as clse t the mdern city f Bangkk in Thailand. This makes it prbable that the Chinese stry f Cinderella did nt riginate in China, but was taken there frm Sutheast Asia, perhaps by the Arabs wh went as traders t Cantn in large numbers.
This stry shws that the same simple virtues which are regarded as basic in the West have been emphasized fr centuries in China and ther parts f Asia. It is but ne example f the way a stry r an idea can travel all ver the wrld.
1．What phenmenn is described in the first paragraph?
A．A stry usually has different rigins.
B．Chinese literature has a very lng histry.
C．Different cuntries may have similar stries.
D．French literature was influenced by the Chinese.
2．What is unique abut the Chinese versin f Cinderella?
A．The plt develps mre naturally.
B．It is centered n thse helpful animals.
C．Relatively little attentin is paid t the ball.
D．It stresses bth the ball and the supernatural frce.
3．Which evidence shws that the Chinese versin riginates in Sutheast Asia?
A．The riginal writer’s identity.B．Sme related histrical recrds.
C．A newly fund versin f the stry.D．A well-knwn kingdm in the stry.
4．Hw is the text mainly develped?
A．By analyzing an example.B．By reviewing studies.
C．By telling a very ld stry.D．By cnducting surveys.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要论述的是作者认为人类的基本道德品质是相近的，文化、思想也是相互交流的。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“It is nt generally realized, fr example, that a tale written in China in the ninth century is the wrld’s ldest knwn versin f the stry f Cinderella. The next earliest was nt published until seven hundred years later— in Lyns, France, in 1544. In additin, 350 ther stries that are related in sme way t Cinderella have been cllected frm every cntinent.(例如，人们普遍没有意识到，九世纪写在中国的一个故事是世界上已知的最古老的灰姑娘的故事版本。下一个最早的版本直到七百年后的1544年才在法国里昂出版。此外，还从世界各地收集了350个与灰姑娘有关的故事。)”可知，根据第一段的实例以及数据可知，不同的
国家可能有相似的故事。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Thse Cinderella stries fall int tw main grups. In ne, the fcus is n the ball, while cmparatively little attentin is paid t the supernatural frce that helps her. This is the type mst familiar t us and mst cmmnly fund in western Eurpe. In thse fund in eastern Eurpe, much attentin is paid t the helpful animals. But the Chinese versin cntains bth.(灰姑娘的故事主要分为两类。其中一个故事的焦点是舞会，而帮助她的超自然力量相对较少受到关注。这是我们最熟悉的类型，在西欧最常见。在东欧发现的那些动物中，人们非常关注有用的动物。但中文版本两者都包含。)”可知，中国版的灰姑娘的中国版的灰姑娘是它同时强调舞会和超自然力量。故选D项。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thugh this cuntry is nt identified in the stry, we knw frm Chinese histrical writings f that time that there was a small cuntry by that name lcated near a regin called T’-h-l. And T’-h-l can be identified with certainty as clse t the mdern city f Bangkk in Thailand. This makes it prbable that the Chinese stry f Cinderella did nt riginate in China, but was taken there frm Sutheast Asia, perhaps by the Arabs wh went as traders t Cantn in large numbers.(虽然这个国家在故事中没有被确定，但我们从当时的中国历史著作中知道，在一个叫做“T'-h-l”的地区附近有一个叫这个名字的小国。而T'-h-l可以确定为接近泰国的现代城市曼谷。这使得中国的灰姑娘故事很可能不是起源于中国，而是由东南亚带到中国的，也许是由大量前往广州经商的阿拉伯人带到中国的。)”可知，一些相关的历史记录证据表明中国版本起源于东南亚。故选B项。
4．推理判断题。通读全文，特别是第一段中“It is nt generally realized, fr example, that a tale written in China in the ninth century is the wrld’s ldest knwn versin f the stry f Cinderella.(例如，人们普遍没有意识到，九世纪写在中国的一个故事是世界上已知的最古老的灰姑娘的故事版本。)”以及最后一段中“It is but ne example f the way a stry r an idea can travel all ver the wrld.(这只是一个故事或想法可以传遍世界的例子。)”可推知，作者希望通过灰姑娘这个例子来证明其观点：人类的基本道德品质是相近的，思想文化也是相互融通的。故选A项。
B
（24-25高三上·浙江·阶段练习）I ften remind myself that Inside Out is a mvie made fr kids. Maybe because I was 9 years ld when I first watched it. Back then, it was just a fun mvie abut clrful characters inside a girl’s head: Jy, Sadness, Fear, Anger, and Disgust. And guess what? my favrite is Jy! I admired her sparkle and the way she made everything feel brighter. I feel like she was the nly imprtant emtin because she made Riley happy.
Nw, I am an 18-year-ld grwn-up. I was excited when I heard Inside Out 2 is cming ut in 2024. Wh said this is just fr kids? My yunger self back in 2015 wuld definitely tease me fr watching “child’s stuff.” But this new part is adding even mre depth, intrducing new emtins like Embarrassment, Ennui (无聊), Envy, and Anxiety.
It feels like the mvie waited fr us t grw up t launch part 2. They want us t feel what Riley’s feeling.
It’s like they knew we needed time t understand the first mvie fully, and nw they’re ready t take us deeper.
And yes, it did g deeper. I never expected that this mvie wuld make me shed tears. “I dn’t knw hw t stp anxiety. Maybe it’s true that when yu grw ld, yu’ll feel less happy.” And yu knw what? That’s perfectly fine. It’s kay t feel anxius, it’s kay t be scared, and it’s kay t realize that this wrld is nt nly abut happiness.
Grwing up, yu will realize that Jy isn’t the nly imprtant emtin. All f ur emtins are meant t be felt, even the hard nes. They shape hw we see the wrld and hw we cnnect with each ther. This shwed us that ur feelings are part f what makes us wh we are. They’re nt smething t hide r ignre—they’re the heartbeats f ur experiences, guiding us thrugh life’s ups and dwns. S, let’s embrace them, cherish them, and remember that feeling all ur emtins deeply is a beautiful part f being alive.
5．What did the authr think f Inside Out when first watching it?
A．It was intended fr children.B．It was difficult fr kids t understand.
C．It taught imprtant lessns abut emtins.D．It ffered useful advice n hw t be happy.
6．Why did Inside Out 2 cme ut s many years later accrding t the authr?
A．T wait fr Riley t grw up.
B．T create mre clrful characters.
C．T target a wider range f audience age grups.
D．T guarantee a better understanding f the mvie.
7．Why did the authr cry when watching Inside Out 2?
A．The authr learned a bitter truth.
B．The authr related deeply t the mvie.
C．The mvie made the authr anxius and scared.
D．The mvie fell shrt f the authr’s expectatins.
8．What is the message the authr hpes t cnvey?
A．Grwing up is a painful prcess.
B．Jy is unnecessary t a beautiful life.
C．It’s impssible t hide r ignre ur emtins.
D．A mix f emtins makes us unique and beautiful.
【答案】5．A 6．D 7．B 8．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了作者对《头脑特工队》的情感思考。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段中“I ften remind myself that Inside Out is a mvie made fr kids. Maybe because I was 9 years ld when I first watched it. (我经常提醒自己，《头脑特工队》是一部为孩子们制作的电影。也许是因为我第一次看这部电影的时候才9岁。)”可知，作者第一次看《头脑特工队》时认为它是为孩子制作的。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段中“It feels like the mvie waited fr us t grw up t launch part 2. They want us t feel what Riley’s feeling. It’s like they knew we needed time t understand the first mvie fully, and nw they’re ready t take us deeper. (感觉这部电影等我们长大后才推出第二部。他们想让我们感受Riley的感受。就好像他们知道我们需要时间来完全理解第一部电影，现在他们准备带我们深入了解。)”可知，作者认为《头脑特工队2》之所以在多年后推出，是为了让观众有足够的时间来理解第一部电影，并准备好深入探索。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据第四段中“I never expected that this mvie wuld make me shed tears. (我从来没有想到这部电影会让我流泪。)”和“It’s kay t feel anxius, it’s kay t be scared, and it’s kay t realize that this wrld is nt nly abut happiness. (焦虑是正常的，害怕是正常的，意识到这个世界不仅仅是幸福是正常的。)”可知，作者在观看《头脑特工队2》时深受触动，与电影产生了深刻的共鸣。故选B。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Grwing up, yu will realize that Jy isn’t the nly imprtant emtin. All f ur emtins are meant t be felt, even the hard nes. They shape hw we see the wrld and hw we cnnect with each ther. This shwed us that ur feelings are part f what makes us wh we are. (长大后，你会意识到快乐并不是唯一重要的情感。我们所有的情感都是要被感知的，即使是最强烈的情感。它们塑造了我们如何看待世界，以及我们如何相互联系。这告诉我们，我们的感觉是决定我们是谁的一部分)”可知，作者希望传达的信息是，我们的情感是我们的一部分，它们塑造了我们的世界观和人际关系，混合的情感使我们独特而美丽。故选D。
C
（24-25高三上·浙江·阶段练习）Always busy “ding” things? If s, yu may be suffering frm “txic prductivity,” a destructive rather than prductive behavir.
I imagine yu’re thinking, “Prductivity must be gd, right?” But txic prductivity, in cntrast with regular prductivity, is an excessive need t always be prductive, regardless f the cst t yur health, relatinships, and life.
If yu’re driven t cntinuusly “prduce” r “d” things, whether at wrk r at hme, the results are frequently nt yur best — they’re usually delivered withut any delay and withut sufficient frethught, analysis, planning r reflectin. And if, in the ding, yu’re als exhausted and burned ut — r feeling guilty fr nt ding mre r better — yu are very likely suffering frm txic prductivity.
Often, I see caching clients wh have a challenge in frnt f them, and their first respnse is t d smething, at nce. Anything. They dn’t want t sit with the prblem, they dn’t want t think abut it, nr d they want t take time t reflect n any ptins fr actin. All they want t d is hear what the issue is — smetimes withut even fully understanding it — and then quickly get straight n with the “ding.” Whatever their reasn, these clients, like many peple, just want t get n and “d” — even if this means getting prer results.
There are all srts f reasns fr this txic prductivity. Number ne is that “ding” ften feels mre cmfrtable than “nt ding.” There’s ften a firm belief that actin speaks luder than wrds and that it’s a virtue t act fast. In the wrkplace, fr example, leaders want t demnstrate that they are successful, which they usually assciate with being prductive. There is als a cmpetitive culture amng junir staff wanting t stand ut as
keen, hard wrkers in rder t prgress in their careers. And thus, a culture f txic prductivity can develp thrughut an rganisatin.
9．Hw is txic prductivity different frm regular prductivity?
A．It is harmful.B．It is flexible.
C．It is mre efficient.D．It is mre time-cnsuming.
10．Wh are mst likely t suffer frm txic prductivity?
A．Clients aviding challenges.B．Junir staff eager t stand ut.
C．Leaders satisfied with their success.D．Wrkers reflecting n ptins befre acting.
11．What is the main reasn fr txic prductivity?
A．A strng desire fr success.B．T much emphasis n virtues.
C．A cultural preference fr actin.D．T much pressure frm thers.
12．Which f fllwing best describes txic prductivity?
A．Ding is unding.B．The sner the better.
C．Enugh is enugh.D．Better safe than srry.
【答案】9．A 10．B 11．C 12．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了“有毒生产力”的概念及其对个人和组织的负面影响。
9．推理判断题。由文章第二段中“But txic prductivity, in cntrast with regular prductivity, is an excessive need t always be prductive, regardless f the cst t yur health, relatinships, and life. (但与正常的生产力相比，过度生产力是一种不顾健康、人际关系和生活代价，一味追求生产力的过度需求。)”可知，有毒生产力是有害的。故选 A。
10．推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“In the wrkplace, fr example, leaders want t demnstrate that they are successful, which they usually assciate with being prductive. There is als a cmpetitive culture amng junir staff wanting t stand ut as keen, hard wrkers in rder t prgress in their careers. And thus, a culture f txic prductivity can develp thrughut an rganisatin.(例如，在职场中，领导者想要证明自己是成功的，而他们通常将这种成功与生产力联系起来。初级员工之间也存在一种竞争文化，他们想要通过表现出自己的热情和努力工作来脱颖而出，以便在职业生涯中取得进步。因此，一种有毒的生产力文化可能会在整个组织中形成。)”可知，初级员工为了在职场中脱颖而出，往往更容易陷入有毒生产力的陷阱。故选 B。
11．推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“There’s ften a firm belief that actin speaks luder than wrds and that it’s a virtue t act fast. In the wrkplace, fr example, leaders want t demnstrate that they are successful, which they usually assciate with being prductive. (人们通常坚信行动胜于言语，快速行动是一种美德。例如，在职场中，领导者想要证明自己是成功的，而他们通常将这种成功与生产力联系起来。)”可知，有毒生产力的主要原因是文化上对行动的偏好。故选 C。
12．推理判断题。由文章第四段中“All they want t d is hear what the issue is — smetimes withut even fully
understanding it — and then quickly get straight n with the “ding.” Whatever their reasn, these clients, like many peple, just want t get n and “d” — even if this means getting prer results. (他们想做的就是听到问题是什么——有时甚至没有完全理解它——然后迅速直接“做”。不管他们的原因是什么，这些客户和许多人一样，只是想要继续“做”——即使这意味着得到更差的结果。)”可知，有毒生产力的特点是过度强调“做”，“Ding is unding (做就是不做)”最能描述有毒生产力的本质。故选 A。
D
（23-24高三上·江苏南京·阶段练习）Art is all arund us. It can be fund everywhere, including fancy galleries, peple’s living rms, and n the sides f buildings. S, why is art imprtant?
It prmtes expressin and creativity. As humans, we’re naturally drawn t art as a frm f expressin and cmmunicatin. 13 It’s a way fr them t express themselves befre they’re able t speak. In fact, participatin in the arts may even assist kids with language, mtr skills, and visual learning develpment.
14 . When smene applies fr a jb, there are certain skills they need t have like data analysis r bkkeeping. Hwever, many emplyers als understand the very imprtant need fr the skills which are hard t measure and ften difficult t define. Sme examples include a persn’s ability t adapt t change, think creatively, r cllabrate with team members.
It prvides histrical cntext. 15 . This is why peple dedicate their lives t studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and s much mre. When we take the time t dive int art created in the past, we can learn abut ther generatins and eras. We can study art t find ut what thse befre us were facing and hw they vercame it. 16 .
In therapy (疗法) settings, art als prvides an pprtunity fr digging deeper and expressing emtins that are difficult t discuss. 17 . In ne imprtant study, children between 6 and 12 were asked t draw a huse as a distractin after thinking abut smething upsetting. This grup was able t imprve their md when cmpared with children wh were instructed t draw the negative event r simply cpy anther drawing.
A．It helps all f us develp necessary sft skills.
B．These are its majr benefits.
C．It can help peple handle mental prblems.
D．Art and human histry g hand-in-hand.
E．Similarly, future generatins will learn abut current events by the art we leave behind.
F．Hw des it have an impact n ur life?
G．Children lve t draw, sing and dance.
【答案】13．G 14．A 15．D 16．E 17．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要分析了艺术重要的原因。
13．根据下文“It’s a way fr them t express themselves befre they’re able t speak.”（这是他们在会说话之前
表达自己的一种方式。）和“In fact, participatin in the arts may even assist kids with language, mtr skills, and visual learning develpment.”（事实上，参与艺术活动甚至可以帮助孩子提高语言、运动技能和视觉学习能力。）可知，下一句中的“them”和“they”指的是“孩子”，选项G. Children lve t draw, sing, and dance.（孩子们喜欢画画、唱歌和跳舞。）与下文句意相连，“them”和“they”指代G中的“Chidren”，“It”指代G中提到的“draw, sing and dance”，衔接合理。故选G。
14．空处为该段的主题句，分析了艺术重要的原因之一。根据下文“Hwever, many emplyers als understand the very imprtant need fr the skills which are hard t measure and ften difficult t define. Sme examples include a persn’s ability t adapt t change, think creatively, r cllabrate with team members.”（然而，许多雇主也明白对那些难以衡量和定义的技能的重要需求，一些例子包括一个人适应变化、创造性思考或与团队成员合作的能力。）可知，该段主要表达了很多工作都需要员工具有一定的软技能，选项A. It helps all f us develp necessary sft skills.（它帮助我们所有人发展必要的软技能。）指出了艺术可以帮助人们发展必要的软技能，这是艺术重要的原因之一，符合本段主题。故选A。
15．根据上一句“It prvides histrical cntext.”（它提供了历史背景。）和下一句“This is why peple dedicate their lives t studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and s much mre.”（这就是为什么人们毕生致力于研究洞穴艺术，莎士比亚戏剧，以及更多的东西。）可知，艺术具有历史背景，通过研究艺术，可以发掘更多的历史知识，可见艺术和历史是戚戚相关的。选项D. Art and human histry g hand-in-hand.（艺术和人类历史是密不可分的。）表达了这层含义，下一句中的“This”指的就是选项D所表达的内容，语意衔接合理，符合语境。故选D。
16．根据上一句“We can study art t find ut what thse befre us were facing and hw they vercame it.”（我们可以通过学习艺术来了解前人所面临的问题，以及他们是如何克服的。），选项E. Similarly, future generatins will learn abut current events by the art we leave behind.（同样，子孙后代将通过我们留下的艺术来了解当前的事件。）进一步解释说明了“It prvides histrical cntext.”（艺术可以提供历史背景。）这一段落主旨，我们可以通过艺术了解前人，同样我们的后代也可以通过艺术了解我们，语意衔接合理，符合主题。故选E。
17．根据上一句“In therapy (疗法) settings, art als prvides an pprtunity fr digging deeper and expressing emtins that are difficult t discuss.”（在治疗环境中，艺术也提供了一个深入挖掘和表达难以讨论的情感的机会。）和下文“This grup was able t imprve their md when cmpared with children wh were instructed t draw the negative event r simply cpy anther drawing.”（与那些被指导画消极事件或只是复制另一幅画的孩子相比，这组孩子的情绪得到了改善。）可知，艺术能够帮助孩子们挖掘和表达情感，并改善情绪，选项C. It can help peple handle mental prblems.（它可以帮助人们解决心理问题。）表达了这层含义，也是该段的主题句。故选C。
E
（23-24高三·湖北·阶段练习）What a cmedian can teach yu abut managing stress
We ften accept stress as part f the cst f mdern life, but it really desn’t have t be. We all knw that laughter is the best medicine. 18 Peple wh can laugh at their wn misfrtunes bunce back faster and strnger. Here is what a cmedian says abut cping with stress.
Yu can try t find a different perspective. 19 Once a friend f mine fell asleep in the middle f a class. His teacher decided t make fun f him by inviting students t applaud, wndering whether my friend wuld applaud alng when he wke up. He did and the whle class burst utlaughing. After learning everything, he was bth embarrassed and ashamed f curse but after a while, my friend laughed. “If this had happened t smene else, it wuld have been amusing. S it’s n less funny, just because it happened t me. “
20 There’s n dubt that we all experience great stress nw and then. We’ve all been persnally affected, in sme way. Yu might nt have felt like laughing at the time But nw, lking back, yu culd cnsider all f the strange aspects f the experience and all f the things yu did t keep active r simply stay sane (神志正常的) .
When yu share stries with yur friends, yu can chse t share stries f trauma (创伤) and pain, r yu can chse t lift their spirits with stries f hpe and grwth. 21 Take the exact same stry and change the fcus frm “feel srry fr me” t “laugh with me”. Keep in mind that we’re all in this tgether, that we all share the same ridiculus experiences, and that we can laugh tgether at whatever life thrws at us. 22
A．Always share a gd stry.
B．Why nt d what cmedians d?
C．Yu can als lk again and laugh.
D．But laughter des mre than cheer yu up.
E．Then yu are able t make a simple chice.
F．In this way. yu will say gdbye t stress frever.
G．If yu have truble seeing the funny side, yu may find the fllwing inspiring.
【答案】18．D 19．G 20．C 21．B 22．E
【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文介绍了笑能帮助我们缓解压力，生活中要笑对困境，看向事物积极的一面。
18．前文提到“We all knw that laughter is the best medicine.”（我们都知道笑容是最好的良药），后文提到“Peple wh can laugh at their wn misfrtunes bunce back faster and strnger.”（能对自己的不幸一笑置之的人能更快更坚强地振作起来。）由此判断，笑容还能让人更快地恢复过来。D项“But laughter des mre than cheer yu up.”（但是笑不仅仅是让你开心。）旨在说明笑不只是让人心情好起来，它还有后文提到的“Here is what a cmedian says abut cping with stress.”（以下是一位喜剧演员对应对压力的看法。）减少压力的作用。D项符合文意，故选D。
19．第二段第一句提到“Yu can try t find a different perspective. ”（你可以尝试换个角度）。下文作者讲了朋友的一个故事，旨在证明只要找到了好笑的点，就可以把一件尴尬的事情变成一件好笑的事情。而读者可以从这个故事里获得灵感，受到鼓舞。从上下文可以得知，这个角度实际上指的是看到事情的有趣的地
方，找到好笑的点。G项“If yu have truble seeing the funny side, yu may find the fllwing inspiring.”（如果你很难看到有趣的一面，你可能会发现下面的故事很鼓舞人心。）该项与后文的故事为解释例证关系。G项符合文意，故选G。
20．空处位于段首，由此判断该句应为该段的主题句，后文提到“Yu might nt have felt like laughing at the time But nw, lking back, yu culd cnsider all f the strange aspects f the experience and all f the things yu did t keep active r simply stay sane (神志正常的) .”（当时你可能不想笑，但现在，回头看，你可以考虑所有奇怪的方面的经验和所有的事情，你做了保持活跃或只是保持理智。）每个人都会经历压力并受到影响，当时也许笑不出来，但是回头看看，想起做过的奇怪的事情，也许就会笑了。C项“Yu can als lk again and laugh.”（你可以回过头看看，然后大笑一场） 该项符合文意，故选C。
21．前文提到“When yu share stries with yur friends, yu can chse t share stries f trauma (创伤) and pain, r yu can chse t lift their spirits with stries f hpe and grwth.”（当你和朋友分享故事时，你可以选择分享创伤和痛苦的故事，也可以选择用希望和成长的故事来鼓舞他们的精神。）后文提到“Take the exact same stry and change the fcus frm “feel srry fr me” t “laugh with me”. ”（以同样的故事为例，把重点从“为我感到难过”转变为“和我一起笑”。）由此判断，该段说明可以把难过的事情转换成另外一个方面去吸收。结合文章标题“What a cmedian can teach yu abut managing stress”（喜剧演员可以教你如何管理压力）可知，喜剧演员会让观众一起笑起来。B项“Why nt d what cmedians d?”（为什么不学学喜剧演员呢?）B项符合文意，故选B。
22．前文提到“Keep in mind that we’re all in this tgether, that we all share the same ridiculus experiences, and that we can laugh tgether at whatever life thrws at us. ”（请记住，我们都在一起，我们都有同样荒谬的经历，我们可以一起嘲笑生活给我们的任何东西。），此空前面建议人们要认识到每个人都会经历不好的事情，无论经历什么，我们都可以发笑。所以此空应该是这么做的好处。E项“Then yu are able t make a simple chice.”（然后你就可以做一个简单的选择。）E项符合文意，故选E。
F
（24-25高三上·湖南·阶段练习）The Lndn Undergrund, r the Tube, as it is usually knwn, is the ldest undergrund system in the wrld. 23 Hrse-drawn vehicles were used t transprt peple in and ut f the city, and this caused unbelievable traffic jams.
Smething had t be dne. In 1854, plans fr an undergrund railway in central Lndn received gvernment apprval. 24 The first line was finally pened in 1863 and was just beneath the surface f the grund. Passengers were transprted in windwless carriages, which were pulled thrugh the narrw tunnels by steam engines. This required large air hles leading t the surface at regular intervals t let ut smke frm the tunnel, s that peple culd get fresh air and wuld nt chke. In the fllwing decades, mre undergrund lines were built.
Thanks t electricity and imprved tunnelling technlgy, the pace f develpment accelerated. The first railway tunnel under the Thames was cmpleted in 1884, and the first electric undergrund railway pened in 1890.
25 Travelling n these lines was nt cnvenient, thugh — the lines were very far frm each ther, and each was wned by a different cmpany. Charles Yerkes, a wealthy American businessman, decided t imprve the system by buying up the many different lines and setting up the Undergrund Electric Railways Cmpany f Lndn in 1902. In 1933, the Lndn Undergrund and the different bus and train lines passed int public wnership.
26 When Lndn was bmbed, many undergrund statins served as bmb shelters. One line was cnverted (转变) int an undergrund airplane factry, and sme undergrund statins were used by the gvernment and the military as cmmand centers and meeting rms. After the war, there was an increase in ridership, s mre lines were added, including the Victria Line (1968) and the Jubilee Line (1979), which was the last line added t the netwrk.
Tday, the Lndn Undergrund can carry mre passengers than ever befre. 27 The netwrk nw includes eleven lines and extends 250 miles ut f central Lndn.
A．Cnstructin f the first railway prved t be inefficient.
B．The system is used by up t five millin peple per day.
C．The undergrund system had sme unusual uses during Wrld War Ⅱ.
D．In the future, the undergrund system may serve even mre passengers.
E．Over the next twenty-five years, six independent deep undergrund lines were cnstructed.
F．Hwever, as the railway was cstly and required new train technlgy, cnstructin was pstpned.
G．There had been rail services in Lndn since the 1830s, but mst train lines stpped utside the city center.
【答案】23．G 24．F 25．E 26．C 27．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了伦敦地铁从19世纪中叶开始的发展历程，包括其建设、技术进步和二战期间的特殊用途。
23．由上文“The Lndn Undergrund, r the Tube, as it is usually knwn, is the ldest undergrund system in the wrld. (伦敦地铁，通常被称为地铁，是世界上最古老的地铁系统。)”可知，上文介绍了伦敦地铁是世界上最古老的地铁系统，此处需要引出下文对伦敦地铁历史的介绍。G选项“There had been rail services in Lndn since the 1830s, but mst train lines stpped utside the city center. (自19世纪30年代以来，伦敦就有了铁路服务，但大多数铁路线都停在市中心以外。)”与上文提到的伦敦地铁作为世界上最古老的地铁系统相呼应，符合题意。故选G。
24．由上文“In 1854, plans fr an undergrund railway in central Lndn received gvernment apprval. (1854年，伦敦市中心地铁的计划获得了政府的批准。)”和下文“The first railway tunnel under the Thames was cmpleted in 1884, and the first electric undergrund railway pened in 1890. (泰晤士河下的第一条铁路隧道于1884年完工，第一条电动地铁于1890年开通。)可知，虽然1854年地铁的计划就获批准，但只到1890年第一条地铁才开通，说明建设被推迟了。F选项“Hwever, as the railway was cstly and required new train technlgy, cnstructin was pstpned. (然而，由于铁路成本高且需要新的火车技术，建设被推迟了。)”承上启下，说明工程推迟和
其原因。故选F。
25．由上文“The first railway tunnel under the Thames was cmpleted in 1884, and the first electric undergrund railway pened in 1890. (泰晤士河下的第一条铁路隧道于1884年完工，第一条电动地铁于1890年开通。)”可知，上文提到了泰晤士河下的铁路隧道和电动地铁的开通，此处需要说明接下来地铁系统的发展。E选项“Over the next twenty-five years, six independent deep undergrund lines were cnstructed. (在接下来的25年里，修建了六条独立的深层地铁线路。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。
26．由下文“When Lndn was bmbed, many undergrund statins served as bmb shelters. One line was cnverted (转变) int an undergrund airplane factry, and sme undergrund statins were used by the gvernment and the military as cmmand centers and meeting rms. (当伦敦遭到轰炸时，许多地铁站被用作防空洞。一条线路被改造成地下飞机工厂，一些地铁站被政府和军方用作指挥中心和会议室。)”可知，下文提到了伦敦在二战期间地铁站的非常规用途，此处需要一个句子来概括下文的内容。C选项“The undergrund system had sme unusual uses during Wrld War Ⅱ. (地铁系统在二战期间有一些不寻常的用途。)”能够概括下文的内容，符合题意。故选C。
27．由上文“Tday, the Lndn Undergrund can carry mre passengers than ever befre. (如今，伦敦地铁能搭载的乘客比以往任何时候都多。)”可知，上文提到了伦敦地铁如今能搭载的乘客比以往任何时候都多，此处需要说明伦敦地铁的搭载乘客现状。B选项“The system is used by up t five millin peple per day. (该系统每天有多达500万人使用。)”提到了伦敦地铁每天的使用人数，是对上文“能搭载的乘客比以往任何时候都多”的具体说明，符合题意。故选B。