四川省广安第二中学校2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份四川省广安第二中学校2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版），共34页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man satisfied with abut the kitchen?
A. Its big space. B. Its gd lighting. C. Its new facilities.
2. Where is the cmic bk?
A. In the drawer. B. On the desk. C. On the bed.
3. What will the man d next?
A. Give Mary a call. B. G shpping. C. Prepare fr a party.
4. What is the man ding?
A. Chatting with his friend.
B. Taking classes nline.
C. Searching fr infrmatin.
5. When will the swimming pl clse tday?
A. At 3:00. B. At 5:00. C. At 7:00.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Hw des the man find the weather frecasts?
A. Inaccurate. B. Reliable. C. Timely.
7. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Taxi driver and custmer. B. Clleagues. C. Classmates.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Wh brke the right leg?
A. The truck driver. B. Mrs. Smith. C. Jessie.
9. What was the weather like in the mrning?
A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Fggy.
10. Why did the wman stay up late last night?
A. She played vide games. B. She wrte the paper. C. She watched TV.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. At a restaurant. B. On a plane. C. In a htel rm.
12. What drink will the man get?
A. Water. B. Cffee. C. A diet sda.
13. What des the man want at the end f the cnversatin?
A. A pillw. B. A blanket. C. A magazine.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Hw des Tim get t schl nw?
A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By car.
15 What advice is Tim ging t give his teachers?
A. Asking students t send in their wrk electrnically.
B. Requesting students t recycle schl paper.
C. Making students use bth sides f paper.
16. What actin shuld the schl cafeteria take in the future?
A. Use lcal prduce. B. Have meatless meals. C. Stp selling bttled drinks.
17. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A green prject. B. A recycling plan. C. The schl life.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Hw many plastic particles d we take in every week n average?
A. Less than 500. B. Abut 1,700. C. Arund 2,000.
19. What is the largest surce f plastic particles getting int ur bdy?
A. Fd. B. Air. C. Drinking water.
20. What is the speaker’s last suggestin?
A. Use special tthpaste.
B. Wash clthes less ften.
C. Stay away frm seafd.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
In an era f verturism, smart travelers increasingly seek hidden gems that ffer authentic cultural immersin and unspiled landscapes. These lesser-knwn destinatins nt nly escape the crwds but als preserve unique traditins and breathtaking natural wnders — thugh visiting them ften requires extra preparatin.
·Civita di Bagnregi, Italy
Described as “the dying twn”, this medieval (中世纪) village sits n tp f a cllapsing cliff in central Italy. Accessible nly by a pedestrian bridge, its stne streets and Renaissance architecture ffer a frzen-in-time atmsphere. Visit in early mrning t avid crwds.
Nte: Limited public transprt; check bridge access during bad weather.
·Șirince, Turkey
Near Ephesus, this frmer Greek village charms visitrs with cbblestne alleys and peach-clred huses. Famus fr fruit wines, Şirince prvides authentic lcal experiences.
Nte: Respect cnservative dress cdes in rural areas and avid discussing plitical tpics.
·Lften Islands, Nrway
This Arctic Archipelag basts dramatic bay and traditinal red fishing cabins. Ideal fr nrthern lights viewing (September–March) r midnight sun hikes (June–July).
Nte: Weather changes rapidly; pack layered clthing and waterprf gear.
·Yakushima Island, Japan
A UNESCO site with 1, 000-year-ld cedar (雪松) frests that inspired Studi Ghibli’s Princess Mnnke. Trails range frm easy walks t challenging 10-hur hikes.
Nte: Reserve muntain huts in advance fr multi-day treks (跋涉) and fllw strict eclgical guidelines t prtect wildlife.
1. What shuld visitrs t Civita di Bagnregi cnfirm befre arrival?
A. Muntain hut availability.B. Bridge accessibility.
C. Nrthern lights schedule.D. Wine-tasting reservatins.
2. Why might turists need t adjust their behavir in Şirince?
A. T prtect ancient frests.B. Due t rapid weather changes.
C. Because f plitical sensitivities.D. Fr midnight sun phtgraphy.
3. Which destinatin is mst suitable fr green travelers?
A. Civita di Bagnregi, Italy.B. Şirince, Turkey.
C. Lften Islands, Nrway.D. Yakushima Island, Japan.
B
Every s ften, Marg Jimenez says, her husband wuld cme hme frm wrk with injuries. “One day, he came hme with a black eye, his glasses were brken, and he had bites n his arm,” Marg recalled. “I said, ‘Well, did yu reprt it?’ He said, ‘N.’ I said, ‘Why nt?’ He said, ‘Marg, because it happens all the time.’”
Fred Jimenez wrked as a special educatin instructinal assistant fr the Nrthside Independent Schl District in San Antni. He helped students with disabilities meet their learning and physical needs, and his jb invlved everything frm diaper changes (换尿布) t helping students with hands-n instructin t managing vilent utbursts. On Feb.7, a vilent utburst (爆发) sent him t the hspital when a high schl student with a cgnitive disability pushed him, causing a fall that led t a brain bleed.
Kreusel, a teacher wh wrked with Fred, has taught middle schlers with cgnitive disabilities fr the past 15 years. She said she lves her students, and desn’t blame them fr hurting her. Many f them have their wn triggers, and Kreusel says she des her best t learn them. But she isn’t always able t avid an utburst. “The student may be aggressive (有攻击性的), but it desn’t mean they are targeting yu because they hate yu,” Kreusel said. “It’s usually smething that has happened, and they might be nnverbal. They can’t express it, and they just blw up.”
Accrding t the U. S. Centers fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin, mst students with develpmental disabilities aren’t any mre aggressive than ther students. But fr sme, their disability can lead t frustratin and, in turn, aggressin. That can make it harder fr schls t hire special educatin staff, at a time when schls acrss the cuntry are struggling t fill these psitins. And a recent federal survey fund, natinwide, special educatin vacancies (空缺) are the mst difficult fr schls t fill. She thinks she and her clleagues will cntinue t get hurt until the schl hires mre instructinal assistants and pays them well enugh that they’re willing t stay.
4. Hw des the authr start the passage?
A. By making up a sad stry.B. By presenting a cnversatin.
C. By describing a family cnflict.D. By prviding data abut injuries.
5. What can we learn abut Fred’s jb?
A. It requires little patience and skills.
B. It may invlve unexpected risks f injury.
C. It demands a significant amunt f physical labr.
D. It aims t imprve students’ learning perfrmance.
6. Which f the fllwing best describes Kreusel?
A. Lving and devted.B. Humrus and gentle.
C. Ambitius and sciable.D. Creative and utging.
7. What can we infer frm the last paragraphs?
A. Disability can result in frustratin.
B. Special educatin vacancies are declining natinwide.
C Wrkplace injuries in special educatin are a cncern.
D. Special students are mre aggressive than ther students.
C
Beneath the quiet surface f a frest lies a busy netwrk scientists call the “Wd Wide Web.” Far frm being islated (孤立的) individuals, trees cmmunicate, share resurces, and even send warnings thrugh an undergrund system f fungi (真菌).
The key players in this hidden cnversatin are mycrrhizal fungi (菌根真菌). These thread-like rganisms cnnect tree rts, frming vast netwrks. Research frm the University f British Clumbia reveals that up t 90% f land plants depend n these fungi. Thrugh this interdependent relatinship, trees exchange nutrients like carbn and nitrgen. Older “mther trees” ften act as hubs, sending extra sugars t yunger saplings struggling in shaded areas — a phenmenn called “frest family cnnectins.”
When under attack, trees release chemical signals. A 2023 study in Nature Eclgy & Evlutin demnstrate that acacia trees bitten by giraffes prduce ethylene (乙烯) gas. Nearby trees pick up these chemical signals frm the air within minutes and increase tannin (鞣酸) prductin, making their leaves bitter and less tasty. Similarly, pine trees attacked by beetles send ut warning signals thrugh fungal netwrks, pushing neighbrs t bst defensive resins (树脂).
Nt all interactins are cperative. Sme plants, like the ghst rchid (兰花), hack the netwrk t steal nutrients m nearby trees withut ffering anything in return. Other species, such as black walnut trees, release txins(毒素) t restrain cmpetitrs — a strategy called “bilgical warfare” by eclgists.
Understanding this “scial netwrk” challenges traditinal views f frests. Lgging dminant mther trees can cllapse entire ecsystems, much like remving servers frm the internet. Scientists nw advcate fr selective cutting practices that preserve fungal netwrks, ensuring frests’ resilience (适应力) against climate change.
As authr Peter Whlleben ntes in The Hidden Life f Trees, “Frests are super-rganisms with intelligence we’re just beginning t decde.” This silent dialgue beneath ur feet reminds us that nature’s deepest cnversatins ften happen withut a single wrd.
8. What methd d acacia trees use t warn nearby trees f giraffe feeding?
A. Transmitting electrical signals thrugh rts.
B. Releasing a warning gas int the air.
C. Increasing sugar distributin via fungal netwrks.
D. Prducing defensive resins in bark.
9. What des “bilgical warfare” refer t in paragraph 4?
A. Using chemicals t kill insects.B. Fighting fr sunlight thrugh height.
C. Releasing pisns t cntain cmpetitrs.D. Stealing nutrients via undergrund rts.
10. Why shuld mther trees be preserved accrding t scientists?
A. They maintain ecsystem stability.
B. They supprt yunger trees with nutrients.
C. They cnnect the frest’s fungal netwrk.
D. They help frests resist climate change.
11. Which title best summarizes the article’s main idea?
A. Amazing Tree Grwth Speed RecrdsB. New Discveries Abut Frest Animals
C. Dangerus Chemicals in Frest PlantsD. Undergrund Cmmunicatin Amng Trees
D
Vlunturism is a type f turism in which travellers participate in vlunteer wrk, usually fr a charity r a nn-prfit. Mst ften, vlunturists travel fr the specific purpse f vlunteering in an rganized way fr specific causes, but thers simply include vlunteer aspects t a traditinal vacatin experience.
Much like sustainable turism as a whle, the legitimacy (合法性) r success f a vlunturism prgram depends highly n hw it is managed. When dne the right way, it can help cmmunities grw and truly prvide benefits t a specific cause. But it’s up t the individual vlunteer, t, wh has the added respnsibility f staying infrmed and setting their destinatins up fr success. Ken Budd, authr f the award-winning memir The Vlunturist, says that cuntless rganizatins arund the wrld create lasting results. The writer, wh vlunteered in at least six cuntries, speaks fr it, such as teaching English in a Csta Rican elementary schl that relied n vlunteers when they culdn’t affrd teachers.
Hwever, nt all vlunturism prgrams are helping. A reprter fr The New Yrk Times wrte in 2016 abut their experience with a grup f peple building a schl in Haiti: “These peple knew nthing abut hw t cnstruct a building. Cllectively, they had spent thusands f dllars t fly here t d a jb that Haitian bricklayers culd have dne far mre quickly. Imagine hw many classrms might have been built if they had dnated that mney rather than spending it t fly dwn themselves. Perhaps thse Haitian bricklayers culd have fund weeks f emplyment instead f ut f a jb, at least fr several days.”
If an rganizatin can get free labur frm an unskilled vlunteer, they’re nt spending mney hiring lcals t d the same wrk fr a fee. In a pverty-stricken ecnmy where residents are already struggling t find jbs, funds that g twards digging a well r building a schl will have mre f an impact if they stay within the lcal ecnmy. Taking wrk frm lcals can prevent develping cmmunities frm self-establishment. Nt t mentin, vlunteers wh are untrained in whatever service they are prviding can smetimes actually end up hlding back prgress.
12. Hw des the authr intrduce the tpic “vlunturism”?
A. By explaining its rigin.
B. By srting ut its causes.
C. By presenting its cncept.
D. By discussing its classificatin.
13 What helps guarantee the success f a vlunturism prgram accrding t the passage?
A. The purpse and legitimacy f a prgram.
B. Prper cntrl and respnsible vlunteers.
C Participants’ previus vluntary experience.
D. The degree f invlvement f each vlunteer.
14. What is the third paragraph mainly abut?
A. Vlunturists’ dnatins t their destinatins.
B. The enthusiasm f peple fr rebuilding Haiti.
C. The invisible prblem brught by vlunturists.
D. Vlunturists’ determinatin t make cntributins.
15. What’s the authr’s attitude t vlunturism?
A. Objective.B. Psitive.
C. Favurable.D. Disapprving.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If yu’re always trapped in emtin management, yu can try t take charge f yur emtins with science-backed tricks. ____16____ Fr example, simple actins like standing tall r scheduling wrry time train yur mind t stay balanced daily.
·Try the 10-secnd actin rule. When anger hits, frce yurself t whisper — this physically relaxes yur thrat and tricks yur brain’s fear center int calming dwn within secnds. ____17____ Studies shw hlding this pse fr 2 minutes cuts stress hrmnes faster than 10 minutes f meditatin.
·____18____ Treat yur mind like a bank accunt. Schedule 15 daily minutes as “wrry time” — write dwn fears in a ntebk and clse it when dne. Reward small wins with “jy breaks”: dance t ne sng r eat a square f chclate. Harvard fund this reduces impulsive decisins by 34% because structured limits stp endless verthinking.
·Turn stress int a game. ____19____ One example at wrk, create a “calm scre card”: +5 pints fr plite email replies, -3 fr snapping. MIT research shws games using this methd had 41% lwer stress than thse using traditinal therapy. ____20____
A. Train yur md with games.
B. Plan yur feelings like mney.
C. If anxius, stand like a superher: legs apart, hands n hips.
D. Playfulness tricks yur brain int seeing challenges as fun puzzles.
E. Next time traffic angers yu, imagine drivers are vide game characters.
F. These quick methds, tested by researchers, help manage feelings withut truble.
G. Stanfrd fund this triggers temprary emtinal numbness, helping lgical thinking.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ethan was a senir high student, and the annual Science Fair was n the way. Under the dim glw f the gymnasium lights, Ethan ____21____ at his half-built rbt. The science fair was just tw days away, and his circuit bard (电路板) had ____22____ again. His teammate, Maya, nticed his slumped shulders and sat beside him. “We’ve fixed wrse issues befre,” she said, handing him a screwdriver (螺丝刀). “Remember hw we ____23____ the cding prblem last week?” Ethan ndded, her ptimism ____24____ his frustratin.
The next mrning, their teacher, Ms. Rivera, reviewed their prject plan. “Cperatin is key,” she reminded them, pinting t a ____25____ diagram n the whitebard. “Trust each ther’s ____26____.” By lunchtime, Maya had redesigned the wiring, while Ethan ____27____ a new sensr. Their prgress was slw but steady.
On the fair’s eve, disaster struck: the rbt’s mtr ____28____. Ethan panicked, but Maya calmly suggested ____29____ parts frm an ld prttype. “It’s risky, but we have n ____30____,” she said. They wrked until midnight, their determinatin ____31____ the ticking clck.
At the fair, their rbt wbbled (摇晃) initially but then rlled ____32____ thrugh the bstacle curse. The judges applauded their ____33____ slutin. When they wn third place, Ethan felt____34____ — nt just fr the trphy (奖杯), but fr learning that challenges culd be ____35____ with persistence and teamwrk.
21. A. staredB. waveC. smileD. shuted
22. A. break utB. break dwnC. break awayD. break int
23. A. avidedB. escapedC. slvedD. ignred
24. A. deepeningB. maskingC. fuelingD. swallwing
25. A. chaticB. vividC. detailedD. abstract
26. A. persnalitiesB. strengthsC. weaknessesD. dubts
27. A. purchasedB. brrwedC. prgrammedD. destryed
28. A. frzeB. sparkledC. spedD. clarified
29. A. distributingB. hidingC. sellingD. replacing
30. A. timeB. chiceC. tlsD. patience
31. A. fightingB. fllwingC. beyingD. laughing
32. A. suddenlyB. instantlyC. smthlyD. rughly
33. A. restlessB. innvativeC. expensiveD. utdated
34. A. prideB. anxietyC. guiltD. bredm
35. A. escapedB. avidedC. wrsenedD. vercame
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Giant Wild Gse Pagda (大雁塔), ____36____ (situate) in Da Ci’en Temple, Xi’an, is ne f ___37___ famus Buddhist pagdas in China. Althugh it fell int disrepair after the Tang Dynasty, sme f its halls survived and ____38____ (cnstruct) again during the Ming Dynasty.
In 652 AD, Master Xuan Zang suggested ____39____ (build) a pagda t stre scriptures (经文) and statues he had brught frm India. He even designed the pagda himself. Legend Wild Gse Pagda cmes frm a stry f wild geese ____40____ (prvide) fd fr mnks in India.
There is a famus painting inside, “Xuan Zang n His Way Back t Chang’an”. With a pair f straw sandals (草鞋) n his feet, Xuan Zang carries ____41____ (rll) f Buddhist scriptures ____42____ his back, making his way back t the capital ____43____ (eager).
In the Tang Dynasty, many fficials wrte pems n the walls f the pagda t express their happiness and wish future ____44____ (succeed). Xuan Zang spent 12 years translating 1,335 vlumes f Buddhist scriptures. Emperr Tai Zng and Crwn Prince Li Zhi wrte texts praising his wrk, ____45____ are still displayed at the pagda’s suth gate.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的朋友Alex即将返回自己的国家。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示感谢；
2. 回顾Alex对你的帮助；
3. 临别祝愿。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Meredith family lived in a small cmmunity. As the ecnmy was in decline, sme peple in the twn had lst their jbs. Many f their families were struggling t make ends meet. Peple were trying t help each ther meet the challenges.
Mrs. Meredith was a mst kind and thughtful wman. She spent a great deal f time visiting the pr. She knew they had prblems, and they needed all kinds f help. When she had time, she wuld bring fd and medicine t them.
One mrning she tld her children abut a family she had visited the day befre. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, wh tk care f him and culd nt g ut t wrk, and their little by. The little by -his name was Bernard-had interested her very much.
“I wish yu culd see him,” she said t her wn children, Jhn, Harry, and Clara. “He is such a help t his mther. He wants very much t earn sme mney, but I dn't see what he can d.”
After their mther left the rm, the children sat thinking abut Bernard. “I wish we culd help him t earn mney,” said Clara. “His family is suffering s much.”
“S d I,” said Harry. “We really shuld d smething t assist them.”
Fr sme mments, Jhn said nthing, but, suddenly, he sprang t his feet and cried, “I have a great idea! I have a slutin that we can all help accmplish (完成).”
The ther children als jumped up all attentin. When Jhn had an idea, it was sure t be a gd ne. “I tell yu what we can d,” said Jhn. “Yu knw that big bx f crn Uncle Jhn sent us? Well, we can make ppcrn (爆米花), and put it int paper bags, and Bernard can take it arund t the huses and sell it.”
注意:
1. 续写词数应150左右:
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When Mrs. Meredith heard f Jhn's idea, she thught it was a gd ne, t.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With everything ready, Bernard started ut n his new business.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
广安二中高2023级2025年春半期考试
英语试卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man satisfied with abut the kitchen?
A. Its big space. B. Its gd lighting. C. Its new facilities.
2. Where is the cmic bk?
A. In the drawer. B. On the desk. C. On the bed.
3. What will the man d next?
A. Give Mary a call. B. G shpping. C. Prepare fr a party.
4. What is the man ding?
A. Chatting with his friend.
B. Taking classes nline.
C. Searching fr infrmatin.
5. When will the swimming pl clse tday?
A. At 3:00. B. At 5:00. C. At 7:00.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Hw des the man find the weather frecasts?
A. Inaccurate. B. Reliable. C. Timely.
7. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Taxi driver and custmer. B. Clleagues. C. Classmates.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Wh brke the right leg?
A. The truck driver. B. Mrs. Smith. C. Jessie.
9. What was the weather like in the mrning?
A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Fggy.
10. Why did the wman stay up late last night?
A. She played vide games. B. She wrte the paper. C. She watched TV.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. At a restaurant. B. On a plane. C. In a htel rm.
12. What drink will the man get?
A. Water. B. Cffee. C. A diet sda.
13. What des the man want at the end f the cnversatin?
A. A pillw. B. A blanket. C. A magazine.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Hw des Tim get t schl nw?
A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By car.
15. What advice is Tim ging t give his teachers?
A. Asking students t send in their wrk electrnically.
B. Requesting students t recycle schl paper.
C. Making students use bth sides f paper.
16. What actin shuld the schl cafeteria take in the future?
A. Use lcal prduce. B. Have meatless meals. C. Stp selling bttled drinks.
17. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A green prject. B. A recycling plan. C. The schl life.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Hw many plastic particles d we take in every week n average?
A. Less than 500. B. Abut 1,700. C. Arund 2,000.
19. What is the largest surce f plastic particles getting int ur bdy?
A. Fd. B. Air. C. Drinking water.
20. What is the speaker’s last suggestin?
A Use special tthpaste.
B. Wash clthes less ften.
C. Stay away frm seafd.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
In an era f verturism, smart travelers increasingly seek hidden gems that ffer authentic cultural immersin and unspiled landscapes. These lesser-knwn destinatins nt nly escape the crwds but als preserve unique traditins and breathtaking natural wnders — thugh visiting them ften requires extra preparatin.
·Civita di Bagnregi, Italy
Described as “the dying twn”, this medieval (中世纪) village sits n tp f a cllapsing cliff in central Italy. Accessible nly by a pedestrian bridge, its stne streets and Renaissance architecture ffer a frzen-in-time atmsphere. Visit in early mrning t avid crwds.
Nte: Limited public transprt; check bridge access during bad weather.
·Șirince, Turkey
Near Ephesus, this frmer Greek village charms visitrs with cbblestne alleys and peach-clred huses. Famus fr fruit wines, Şirince prvides authentic lcal experiences.
Nte: Respect cnservative dress cdes in rural areas and avid discussing plitical tpics.
·Lften Islands, Nrway
This Arctic Archipelag basts dramatic bay and traditinal red fishing cabins. Ideal fr nrthern lights viewing (September–March) r midnight sun hikes (June–July).
Nte: Weather changes rapidly; pack layered clthing and waterprf gear.
·Yakushima Island, Japan
A UNESCO site with 1, 000-year-ld cedar (雪松) frests that inspired Studi Ghibli’s Princess Mnnke. Trails range frm easy walks t challenging 10-hur hikes.
Nte: Reserve muntain huts in advance fr multi-day treks (跋涉) and fllw strict eclgical guidelines t prtect wildlife.
1. What shuld visitrs t Civita di Bagnregi cnfirm befre arrival?
A. Muntain hut availability.B. Bridge accessibility.
C. Nrthern lights schedule.D. Wine-tasting reservatins.
2. Why might turists need t adjust their behavir in Şirince?
A. T prtect ancient frests.B. Due t rapid weather changes.
C. Because f plitical sensitivities.D. Fr midnight sun phtgraphy.
3. Which destinatin is mst suitable fr green travelers?
A. Civita di Bagnregi, Italy.B. Şirince, Turkey.
C. Lften Islands, Nrway.D. Yakushima Island, Japan.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是几个鲜为人知但独具魅力的旅行目的地，为游客提供避开人群、体验原生态文化和自然风光的选择。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Civita di Bagnregi, Italy”部分的“Nte: Limited public transprt; check bridge access during bad weather.(注意：公共交通有限；恶劣天气时需确认桥梁通行情况。)”可知，前往意大利巴尼亚雷焦奇维塔的游客需要在到达前确认桥梁是否可以通行。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Șirince, Turkey”部分的“Nte: Respect cnservative dress cdes in rural areas and avid discussing plitical tpics.(注意：在农村地区尊重保守的着装规范，并避免讨论政治话题。)”可知，游客在Șirince可能需要调整行为，因为当地对政治话题较为敏感。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Yakushima Island, Japan”部分的“Nte: Reserve muntain huts in advance fr multi-day treks and fllw strict eclgical guidelines t prtect wildlife.(注意：多日徒步旅行需提前预订山间小屋，并遵循严格的生态保护指南以保护野生动物。)”可知，日本屋久岛因其严格的生态保护措施最适合环保旅行者。故选D项。
B
Every s ften, Marg Jimenez says, her husband wuld cme hme frm wrk with injuries. “One day, he came hme with a black eye, his glasses were brken, and he had bites n his arm,” Marg recalled. “I said, ‘Well, did yu reprt it?’ He said, ‘N.’ I said, ‘Why nt?’ He said, ‘Marg, because it happens all the time.’”
Fred Jimenez wrked as a special educatin instructinal assistant fr the Nrthside Independent Schl District in San Antni. He helped students with disabilities meet their learning and physical needs, and his jb invlved everything frm diaper changes (换尿布) t helping students with hands-n instructin t managing vilent utbursts. On Feb.7, a vilent utburst (爆发) sent him t the hspital when a high schl student with a cgnitive disability pushed him, causing a fall that led t a brain bleed.
Kreusel, a teacher wh wrked with Fred, has taught middle schlers with cgnitive disabilities fr the past 15 years. She said she lves her students, and desn’t blame them fr hurting her. Many f them have their wn triggers, and Kreusel says she des her best t learn them. But she isn’t always able t avid an utburst. “The student may be aggressive (有攻击性的), but it desn’t mean they are targeting yu because they hate yu,” Kreusel said. “It’s usually smething that has happened, and they might be nnverbal. They can’t express it, and they just blw up.”
Accrding t the U. S. Centers fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin, mst students with develpmental disabilities aren’t any mre aggressive than ther students. But fr sme, their disability can lead t frustratin and, in turn, aggressin. That can make it harder fr schls t hire special educatin staff, at a time when schls acrss the cuntry are struggling t fill these psitins. And a recent federal survey fund, natinwide, special educatin vacancies (空缺) are the mst difficult fr schls t fill. She thinks she and her clleagues will cntinue t get hurt until the schl hires mre instructinal assistants and pays them well enugh that they’re willing t stay.
4. Hw des the authr start the passage?
A. By making up a sad stry.B. By presenting a cnversatin.
C. By describing a family cnflict.D. By prviding data abut injuries.
5. What can we learn abut Fred’s jb?
A. It requires little patience and skills.
B. It may invlve unexpected risks f injury.
C. It demands a significant amunt f physical labr.
D. It aims t imprve students’ learning perfrmance.
6. Which f the fllwing best describes Kreusel?
A. Lving and devted.B. Humrus and gentle.
C. Ambitius and sciable.D. Creative and utging.
7. What can we infer frm the last paragraphs?
A Disability can result in frustratin.
B. Special educatin vacancies are declining natinwide.
C. Wrkplace injuries in special educatin are a cncern.
D. Special students are mre aggressive than ther students.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了特殊教育工作者在工作中面临的暴力和伤害问题。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Every s ften, Marg Jimenez says, her husband wuld cme hme frm wrk with injuries. ‘One day, he came hme with a black eye, his glasses were brken, and he had bites n his arm,’ Marg recalled. ‘I said, ‘Well, did yu reprt it?’ He said, ‘N.’ I said, ‘Why nt?’ He said, ‘Marg, because it happens all the time.’’(Marg Jimenez说，她丈夫经常带着伤下班回家。‘有一天，他带着黑眼圈回家，眼镜碎了，手臂上有咬痕，’Marg回忆说。‘我说，‘好吧，你报告了吗？’他说：‘不。’我说：‘为什么不呢？’他说，‘Marg，因为这种事经常发生。’’)”可推知，作者通过展示一段对话开始这篇文章的。故选B项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Fred Jimenez wrked as a special educatin instructinal assistant fr the Nrthside Independent Schl District in San Antni. He helped students with disabilities meet their learning and physical needs, and his jb invlved everything frm diaper changes (换尿布) t helping students with hands-n instructin t managing vilent utbursts. On Feb.7, a vilent utburst (爆发) sent him t the hspital when a high schl student with a cgnitive disability pushed him, causing a fall that led t a brain bleed.(Fred Jimenez是圣安东尼奥北部独立学区的一名特殊教育教学助理。他帮助残疾学生满足他们的学习和身体需求，他的工作涉及方方面面，从换尿布到帮助学生进行动手指导，再到控制暴力爆发。2月7日，一名患有认知障碍的高中生推了他一下，结果他摔倒，脑出血，导致他被送往医院。)”可知，Fred的工作可能涉及意外的伤害风险。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Kreusel, a teacher wh wrked with Fred, has taught middle schlers with cgnitive disabilities fr the past 15 years. She said she lves her students, and desn’t blame them fr hurting her. Many f them have their wn triggers, and Kreusel says she des her best t learn them. But she isn’t always able t avid an utburst. ‘The student may be aggressive (有攻击性的), but it desn’t mean they are targeting yu because they hate yu,’ Kreusel said. ‘It’s usually smething that has happened, and they might be nnverbal. They can’t express it, and they just blw up.’(Kreusel是一位和Fred一起工作的老师，在过去的15年里，她一直在教授有认知障碍的中学生。她说她爱她的学生，不怪他们伤害她。他们中的许多人都有自己的触发因素，Kreusel说她尽最大努力去了解他们。但她并不总是能够避免爆发。Kreusel说：‘学生可能很有攻击性，但这并不意味着他们因为讨厌你而针对你。这通常是已经发生的事情，他们可能是非语言的。他们无法表达自己的情绪，就会大发雷霆。’)”可知，Kreusel爱她的学生并且坚持15年，所以Kreusel一个有爱心且专注的人。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Accrding t the U. S. Centers fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin, mst students with develpmental disabilities aren’t any mre aggressive than ther students. But fr sme, their disability can lead t frustratin and, in turn, aggressin. That can make it harder fr schls t hire special educatin staff, at a time when schls acrss the cuntry are struggling t fill these psitins. And a recent federal survey fund, natinwide, special educatin vacancies (空缺) are the mst difficult fr schls t fill. She thinks she and her clleagues will cntinue t get hurt until the schl hires mre instructinal assistants and pays them well enugh that they’re willing t stay.(根据美国疾病控制和预防中心的数据，大多数有发育障碍的学生并不比其他学生更具攻击性。但对一些人来说，他们的残疾会导致沮丧，进而导致攻击性。在全国各地的学校都在努力填补这些职位的时候，这可能会使学区更难雇用特殊教育人员。最近的一项联邦调查发现，在全国范围内，特殊教育职位的空缺是学校最难填补的。她认为，她和她的同事们将继续受到伤害，直到学区雇佣更多的教学助理，并支付足够高的工资，让他们愿意留下来)”可知，特殊教育中的工伤是一个令人担忧的问题。故选C项。
C
Beneath the quiet surface f a frest lies a busy netwrk scientists call the “Wd Wide Web.” Far frm being islated (孤立的) individuals, trees cmmunicate, share resurces, and even send warnings thrugh an undergrund system f fungi (真菌).
The key players in this hidden cnversatin are mycrrhizal fungi (菌根真菌). These thread-like rganisms cnnect tree rts frming vast netwrks. Research frm the University f British Clumbia reveals that up t 90% f land plants depend n these fungi. Thrugh this interdependent relatinship, trees exchange nutrients like carbn and nitrgen. Older “mther trees” ften act as hubs, sending extra sugars t yunger saplings struggling in shaded areas — a phenmenn called “frest family cnnectins.”
When under attack, trees release chemical signals. A 2023 study in Nature Eclgy & Evlutin demnstrate that acacia trees bitten by giraffes prduce ethylene (乙烯) gas. Nearby trees pick up these chemical signals frm the air within minutes and increase tannin (鞣酸) prductin, making their leaves bitter and less tasty. Similarly, pine trees attacked by beetles send ut warning signals thrugh fungal netwrks, pushing neighbrs t bst defensive resins (树脂).
Nt all interactins are cperative. Sme plants, like the ghst rchid (兰花), hack the netwrk t steal nutrients m nearby trees withut ffering anything in return. Other species, such as black walnut trees, release txins(毒素) t restrain cmpetitrs — a strategy called “bilgical warfare” by eclgists.
Understanding this “scial netwrk” challenges traditinal views f frests. Lgging dminant mther trees can cllapse entire ecsystems, much like remving servers frm the internet. Scientists nw advcate fr selective cutting practices that preserve fungal netwrks, ensuring frests’ resilience (适应力) against climate change.
As authr Peter Whlleben ntes in The Hidden Life f Trees, “Frests are super-rganisms with intelligence we’re just beginning t decde.” This silent dialgue beneath ur feet reminds us that nature’s deepest cnversatins ften happen withut a single wrd.
8. What methd d acacia trees use t warn nearby trees f giraffe feeding?
A. Transmitting electrical signals thrugh rts.
B. Releasing a warning gas int the air.
C. Increasing sugar distributin via fungal netwrks.
D. Prducing defensive resins in bark.
9. What des “bilgical warfare” refer t in paragraph 4?
A. Using chemicals t kill insects.B. Fighting fr sunlight thrugh height.
C. Releasing pisns t cntain cmpetitrs.D. Stealing nutrients via undergrund rts.
10. Why shuld mther trees be preserved accrding t scientists?
A. They maintain ecsystem stability.
B. They supprt yunger trees with nutrients.
C. They cnnect the frest’s fungal netwrk.
D. They help frests resist climate change.
11. Which title best summarizes the article’s main idea?
A. Amazing Tree Grwth Speed RecrdsB. New Discveries Abut Frest Animals
C. Dangerus Chemicals in Frest PlantsD. Undergrund Cmmunicatin Amng Trees
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了森林中被科学家称为“树木网络”的地下真菌网络系统。树木通过这个系统进行交流、共享资源、发送警告等，还存在一些非合作的互动情况，并且说明了母树对于维持生态系统稳定的重要性。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“A 2023 study in Nature Eclgy & Evlutin demnstrate that acacia trees bitten by giraffes prduce ethylene (乙烯) gas. Nearby trees pick up these chemical signals frm the air within minutes and increase tannin (鞣酸) prductin, making their leaves bitter and less tasty(2023年发表在《自然·生态与进化》上的一项研究表明，被长颈鹿啃食的金合欢树会产生乙烯气体。附近的树木会在几分钟内从空气中接收到这些化学信号，并增加鞣酸的产生，使它们的叶子变得更苦且口感变差)”可知，金合欢树被长颈鹿啃食时会产生乙烯气体，附近的树木能在几分钟内从空气中接收到这些化学信号，从而增加鞣酸的产生。所以金合欢树是通过向空气中释放乙烯这种警告气体来提醒附近树木有长颈鹿在进食，故选B。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“Nt all interactins are cperative. Sme plants, like the ghst rchid (兰花), hack the netwrk t steal nutrients m nearby trees withut ffering anything in return. Other species, such as black walnut trees, release txins (毒素) t restrain cmpetitrs(并非所有的互动都是合作性的。有些植物，比如幽灵兰花，会利用网络从附近的树木中窃取养分，却不给予任何回报。其他物种，如黑核桃树，则会释放毒素来抑制竞争对手)” 可知，像黑胡桃树这样的其他物种会释放毒素来抑制竞争对手，可推理出bilgical warfare指的是释放毒素来抑制竞争对手，故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Lgging dminant mther trees can cllapse entire ecsystems, much like remving servers frm the internet(砍伐占主导地位的母树可能会使整个生态系统崩溃，这就好比从互联网中移除服务器一样)”可知，砍伐占主导地位的母树会使整个生态系统崩溃，就像从互联网上移除服务器一样。这表明母树对于维持生态系统的稳定起着关键作用，所以科学家认为应该保护母树是因为它们能维持生态系统的稳定，故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Beneath the quiet surface f a frest lies a busy netwrk scientists call the “Wd Wide Web.” Far frm being islated (孤立的) individuals, trees cmmunicate, share resurces, and even send warnings thrugh an undergrund system f fungi (真菌)(在森林平静的表象之下，隐藏着一个科学家称之为‘伍德广网’的繁忙网络。树木并非孤立的个体，它们通过地下的真菌系统进行交流、共享资源，甚至发送警报)”、第三段“A 2023 study in Nature Eclgy & Evlutin demnstrate that acacia trees bitten by giraffes prduce ethylene (乙烯) gas. Nearby trees pick up these chemical signals frm the air within minutes and increase tannin (鞣酸) prductin, making their leaves bitter and less tasty(2023年发表在《自然·生态与进化》上的一项研究表明，被长颈鹿啃食的金合欢树会产生乙烯气体。附近的树木会在几分钟内从空气中接收到这些化学信号，并增加鞣酸的产生，使它们的叶子变得更苦且口感变差)”、第五段“Lgging dminant mther trees can cllapse entire ecsystems, much like remving servers frm the internet(砍伐占主导地位的母树可能会使整个生态系统崩溃，这就好比从互联网中移除服务器一样)”以及最后一段““Frests are super-rganisms with intelligence we’re just beginning t decde.” This silent dialgue beneath ur feet reminds us that nature’s deepest cnversatins ften happen withut a single wrd(“森林是超级有机体，其智慧我们才刚刚开始破译。”我们脚下的这种无声对话提醒我们，自然界最深刻的交流往往无需一言半语)”可知，文章开篇就提到森林中存在被称为“树木网络”的地下真菌网络，树木通过它进行交流、共享资源等，接着具体阐述了树木之间的各种互动，包括发出警告、非合作的互动等，整篇文章围绕着树木之间的地下交流展开。D选项“Undergrund Cmmunicatin Amng Trees(树木之间的地下交流)”准确地概括了本文主题，最适合作为本文标题，故选D。
D
Vlunturism is a type f turism in which travellers participate in vlunteer wrk, usually fr a charity r a nn-prfit. Mst ften, vlunturists travel fr the specific purpse f vlunteering in an rganized way fr specific causes, but thers simply include vlunteer aspects t a traditinal vacatin experience.
Much like sustainable turism as a whle, the legitimacy (合法性) r success f a vlunturism prgram depends highly n hw it is managed. When dne the right way, it can help cmmunities grw and truly prvide benefits t a specific cause. But it’s up t the individual vlunteer, t, wh has the added respnsibility f staying infrmed and setting their destinatins up fr success. Ken Budd, authr f the award-winning memir The Vlunturist, says that cuntless rganizatins arund the wrld create lasting results. The writer, wh vlunteered in at least six cuntries, speaks fr it, such as teaching English in a Csta Rican elementary schl that relied n vlunteers when they culdn’t affrd teachers.
Hwever, nt all vlunturism prgrams are helping. A reprter fr The New Yrk Times wrte in 2016 abut their experience with a grup f peple building a schl in Haiti: “These peple knew nthing abut hw t cnstruct a building. Cllectively, they had spent thusands f dllars t fly here t d a jb that Haitian bricklayers culd have dne far mre quickly. Imagine hw many classrms might have been built if they had dnated that mney rather than spending it t fly dwn themselves. Perhaps thse Haitian bricklayers culd have fund weeks f emplyment instead f ut f a jb, at least fr several days.”
If an rganizatin can get free labur frm an unskilled vlunteer, they’re nt spending mney hiring lcals t d the same wrk fr a fee. In a pverty-stricken ecnmy where residents are already struggling t find jbs, funds that g twards digging a well r building a schl will have mre f an impact if they stay within the lcal ecnmy. Taking wrk frm lcals can prevent develping cmmunities frm self-establishment. Nt t mentin, vlunteers wh are untrained in whatever service they are prviding can smetimes actually end up hlding back prgress.
12. Hw des the authr intrduce the tpic “vlunturism”?
A. By explaining its rigin.
B. By srting ut its causes.
C. By presenting its cncept.
D. By discussing its classificatin.
13. What helps guarantee the success f a vlunturism prgram accrding t the passage?
A. The purpse and legitimacy f a prgram.
B. Prper cntrl and respnsible vlunteers.
C. Participants’ previus vluntary experience.
D. The degree f invlvement f each vlunteer.
14. What is the third paragraph mainly abut?
A Vlunturists’ dnatins t their destinatins.
B. The enthusiasm f peple fr rebuilding Haiti.
C. The invisible prblem brught by vlunturists.
D. Vlunturists’ determinatin t make cntributins.
15. What’s the authr’s attitude t vlunturism?
A. Objective.B. Psitive.
C. Favurable.D. Disapprving.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文，主要谈论了公益旅游的概念，及其优点和可能带来的问题。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Vlunturism is a type f turism in which travellers participate in vlunteer wrk, usually fr a charity r a nn-prfit.(公益旅游是一种旅游类型，旅行者参与志愿者工作，通常是为了慈善或非营利组织。)”可知，作者通过介绍其概念来引入“公益旅游”这个主题。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Much like sustainable turism as a whle, the legitimacy (合法性) r success f a vlunturism prgram depends highly n hw it is managed. When dne the right way, it can help cmmunities grw and truly prvide benefits t a specific cause. But it’s up t the individual vlunteer, t, wh has the added respnsibility f staying infrmed and setting their destinatins up fr success. (志愿者旅游项目的合法性或成功在很大程度上取决于它是如何管理的。如果做得正确，它可以帮助社区发展并真正为特定的事业提供帮助。但这也取决于每个志愿者，他们有保持了解并为他们的目的地成功做好准备的额外责任。)”可知，公益旅游项目的成功取决于项目的适当管理和负责任的志愿者。故选B。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Hwever, nt all vlunturism prgrams are helping. A reprter fr The New Yrk Times wrte in 2016 abut their experience with a grup f peple building a schl in Haiti: ‘These peple knew nthing abut hw t cnstruct a building. Cllectively they had spent thusands f dllars t fly here t d a jb that Haitian bricklayers culd have dne far mre quickly. Imagine hw many classrms might have been built if they had dnated that mney rather than spending it t fly dwn themselves.’(然而，并不是所有的公益旅游项目都有帮助。2016年，《纽约时报》的一名记者写了他在海地一群人建造学校的经历：‘这些人对如何建造建筑一无所知。他们总共花了几千美元飞到这里来做一件海地砌砖工人本来可以快得多的工作。想象一下，如果他们把钱捐出来，而不是把钱花在自己的飞机上，可能会建多少教室。’)”可知，第三段主要讨论了公益旅游可能带来的看不见的问题。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“When dne the right way, it can help cmmunities grw and truly prvide benefits t a specific cause.(如果做得正确，它可以帮助社区发展，并真正为特定的事业带来好处)”和根据第三段“Hwever, nt all vlunturism prgrams are helping.(然而，并不是所有的公益旅游项目都有帮助)”可推知，作者介绍了公益旅游的优点也介绍了其缺点，所以作者对公益旅游是客观的。故选A。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If yu’re always trapped in emtin management, yu can try t take charge f yur emtins with science-backed tricks. ____16____ Fr example, simple actins like standing tall r scheduling wrry time train yur mind t stay balanced daily.
·Try the 10-secnd actin rule. When anger hits, frce yurself t whisper — this physically relaxes yur thrat and tricks yur brain’s fear center int calming dwn within secnds. ____17____ Studies shw hlding this pse fr 2 minutes cuts stress hrmnes faster than 10 minutes f meditatin.
·____18____ Treat yur mind like a bank accunt. Schedule 15 daily minutes as “wrry time” — write dwn fears in a ntebk and clse it when dne. Reward small wins with “jy breaks”: dance t ne sng r eat a square f chclate. Harvard fund this reduces impulsive decisins by 34% because structured limits stp endless verthinking.
·Turn stress int a game. ____19____ One example at wrk, create a “calm scre card”: +5 pints fr plite email replies, -3 fr snapping. MIT research shws games using this methd had 41% lwer stress than thse using traditinal therapy. ____20____
A. Train yur md with games.
B. Plan yur feelings like mney.
C. If anxius, stand like a superher: legs apart, hands n hips.
D. Playfulness tricks yur brain int seeing challenges as fun puzzles.
E. Next time traffic angers yu, imagine drivers are vide game characters.
F. These quick methds, tested by researchers, help manage feelings withut truble.
G. Stanfrd fund this triggers temprary emtinal numbness, helping lgical thinking.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些借助科学方法来管理情绪的实用技巧。
【16题详解】
上文“If yu’re always trapped in emtin management, yu can try t take charge f yur emtins with science-backed tricks.(如果你总是陷入情绪管理的困境，你可以尝试用有科学依据的技巧来控制自己的情绪。)”提到可以用科学技巧控制情绪，下文“Fr example, simple actins like standing tall r scheduling wrry time train yur mind t stay balanced daily.(例如，像站直或安排担忧时间这样简单的行为可以训练你的大脑每天保持平衡。)”举例说明具体的行为，F选项“These quick methds, tested by researchers, help manage feelings withut truble.(这些由研究人员测试过的快速方法，有助于毫不费力地管理情绪。)”中的“These quick methds”指代上文的“science-backed tricks”，“help manage feelings withut truble”与下文举例说明的内容相呼应，起到承上启下的作用。故选F。
【17题详解】
上文“When anger hits, frce yurself t whisper — this physically relaxes yur thrat and tricks yur brain’s fear center int calming dwn within secnds. (当愤怒袭来时，强迫自己小声说话——这会让你的喉咙在身体上得到放松，并在几秒钟内让你大脑的恐惧中心平静下来。)” 描述了愤怒时小声说话这一应对情绪的方法及其效果，C选项“If anxius, stand like a superher: legs apart, hands n hips. (如果感到焦虑，像超级英雄一样站立：双腿分开，双手叉腰。)”又给出了另一种应对焦虑情绪的身体姿势的方法，与上文在列举应对情绪的方法上是并列关系，并且“stand like a superher” 与下文 “Studies shw hlding this pse fr 2 minutes cuts stress hrmnes faster than 10 minutes f meditatin. (研究表明，保持这个姿势两分钟比冥想十分钟更快地减少压力荷尔蒙。)”中的“hlding this pse”相呼应。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Treat yur mind like a bank accunt. Schedule 15 daily minutes as “wrry time” —write dwn fears in a ntebk and clse it when dne. Reward small wins with “jy breaks”: dance t ne sng r eat a square f chclate. Harvard fund this reduces impulsive decisins by 34% because structured limits stp endless verthinking.(把你的大脑当作一个银行账户。每天安排15分钟作为“担忧时间”——把恐惧写在笔记本上，完成后合上笔记本。用“快乐休息时间”奖励小的成功：跟着一首歌跳舞或吃一块巧克力。哈佛大学发现，这能将冲动决策减少34%，因为有组织的限制可以阻止无休止的过度思考。)”可知，该段主要讲把大脑当作银行账户，像管理金钱一样管理情绪，B选项“Plan yur feelings like mney.(像规划金钱一样规划你的情绪。)”能够概括该段内容，符合语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
上文“Turn stress int a game. (把压力变成一场游戏。)”明确提出了将压力转化为游戏的观点，结合下文的“One example at wrk, create a “calm scre card”: +5 pints fr plite email replies, -3 fr snapping.(一个工作中的例子是创建一张‘冷静评分卡’：礼貌回复邮件得+5分，发脾气扣-3分)”可知，此处详细说明了将压力转化为游戏的具体操作方式，由此可推断，空格处需要补充这一方法的心理学原理或核心思想，D选项“Playfulness tricks yur brain int seeing challenges as fun puzzles. (游戏（嬉戏)会诱使你的大脑把挑战看作有趣的谜题。)”进一步解释了为什么把压力变成游戏这种方式可行，即通过嬉戏让大脑把挑战视为有趣的事情，“seeing challenges as fun puzzles”很好地呼应本段的主题，符合语境。故选D。
【20题详解】
上文“MIT research shws games using this methd had 41% lwer stress than thse using traditinal therapy.(麻省理工学院的研究表明，使用这种方法的游戏比传统疗法的压力降低了41%)”提到了通过游戏化方法降低压力的效果，结合空格处于段尾的特点，空格处需要补充进一步的结果或总结，E选项“Next time traffic angers yu, imagine drivers are vide game characters.(下次交通让你生气时，想象司机是电子游戏角色)”提供了一个具体的场景应用，延续了将压力转化为游戏的主题，符合逻辑。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ethan was a senir high student, and the annual Science Fair was n the way. Under the dim glw f the gymnasium lights, Ethan ____21____ at his half-built rbt. The science fair was just tw days away, and his circuit bard (电路板) had ____22____ again. His teammate, Maya, nticed his slumped shulders and sat beside him. “We’ve fixed wrse issues befre,” she said, handing him a screwdriver (螺丝刀). “Remember hw we ____23____ the cding prblem last week?” Ethan ndded, her ptimism ____24____ his frustratin.
The next mrning, their teacher, Ms. Rivera, reviewed their prject plan. “Cperatin is key,” she reminded them, pinting t a ____25____ diagram n the whitebard. “Trust each ther’s ____26____.” By lunchtime, Maya had redesigned the wiring, while Ethan ____27____ a new sensr. Their prgress was slw but steady.
On the fair’s eve, disaster struck: the rbt’s mtr ____28____. Ethan panicked, but Maya calmly suggested ____29____ parts frm an ld prttype. “It’s risky, but we have n ____30____,” she said. They wrked until midnight, their determinatin ____31____ the ticking clck.
At the fair, their rbt wbbled (摇晃) initially but then rlled ____32____ thrugh the bstacle curse. The judges applauded their ____33____ slutin. When they wn third place, Ethan felt____34____ — nt just fr the trphy (奖杯), but fr learning that challenges culd be ____35____ with persistence and teamwrk.
21. A. staredB. waveC. smileD. shuted
22. A. break utB. break dwnC. break awayD. break int
23. A. avidedB. escapedC. slvedD. ignred
24. A. deepeningB. maskingC. fuelingD. swallwing
25. A. chaticB. vividC. detailedD. abstract
26. A. persnalitiesB. strengthsC. weaknessesD. dubts
27. A. purchasedB. brrwedC. prgrammedD. destryed
28. A. frzeB. sparkledC. spedD. clarified
29. A. distributingB. hidingC. sellingD. replacing
30. A. timeB. chiceC. tlsD. patience
31. A. fightingB. fllwingC. beyingD. laughing
32. A. suddenlyB. instantlyC. smthlyD. rughly
33. A. restlessB. innvativeC. expensiveD. utdated
34. A. prideB. anxietyC. guiltD. bredm
35. A. escapedB. avidedC. wrsenedD. vercame
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是Ethan和Maya在科学展览前克服重重困难，通过团队合作与坚持，最终成功完成机器人项目并获得奖项的经历。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在体育馆昏暗的灯光下，Ethan凝视着他尚未完成的机器人。A. stared凝视；B. wave挥手；C. smile微笑；D. shuted喊叫。根据下文 “The science fair was just tw days away, and his circuit bard (电路板) had ____2____ again.”可知，科学展临近但电路板又出问题了，此时Ethan应是专注地盯着机器人，表现出Ethan专注又担忧的情绪。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：科学展览仅剩两天，而他的电路板再次出现故障。A. break ut爆发；B. break dwn发生故障；C. break away脱离；D. break int破门而入。根据空后的“again”以及下文“fixed wrse issues befre”可知，此处指的是再次出现“故障”符合语境。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：记得我们上周如何解决编码问题的吗？A. avided避免；B. escaped逃避；C. slved解决；D. ignred忽视。根据上文“We’ve fixed wrse issues befre”可知，他们之前修复过更糟糕的问题，由此可知，此处指的是如何“解决”编码问题。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ethan点了点头，她的乐观淹没了他的沮丧。A. deepening加深；B. masking掩盖；C. fueling加剧；D. swallwing吞，淹没。根据上文“Ethan ndded, her ptimism”和“his frustratin”可知，Ethan点了点头，由此可知，此处应为“淹没”符合语境。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她指着白板上的详细图表提醒他们，“合作是关键。”A. chatic混乱的；B. vivid生动的；C. detailed详细的；D. abstract抽象的。根据上文的“The next mrning, their teacher, Ms. Rivera, reviewed their prject plan.”可知，老师在给学生讲解项目计划，白板上的图表应是详细的，这样才有助于学生理解合作的要点。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：相信彼此的优势。A. persnalities性格，个性；B. strengths优势；C. weaknesses弱点；D. dubts怀疑。根据上文“Cperatin is key”可知，老师强调合作，所以此处应是让学生相信彼此的长处，发挥各自优势进行合作。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到午餐时间，Maya重新设计了线路，而Ethan编程了一个新传感器。A. purchased购买；B. brrwed借用；C. prgrammed编程；D. destryed破坏。根据语境，他们在设计机器人参加科技展，结合上文的“Maya had redesigned the wiring”和while以及下文的“a new sensr”可知，此处讲述的是两人的分工合作，Maya重新设计了线路而Ethan 应是给传感器“编程”符合语境。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在展览前夕，灾难来袭：机器人的发动机突然停止工作。A. frze冻结，停转；B. sparkled闪烁；C. sped加速；D. clarified澄清。根据上文“disaster struck”可知，机器人出现了严重问题，由此可推断，此处应为“停止工作”符合语境。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ethan惊慌失措，但Maya冷静地建议用旧样机的零件更换。A. distributing分配；B. hiding隐藏；C. selling出售；D. replacing替换。根据上文的“disaster struck: the rbt’s mtr ____8____.”以及下文的“parts frm an ld prttype”可知，发动机出现问题，Maya 建议用旧样机的零件来更换，解决当前问题。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这很冒险，但我们别无选择，” 她说。A. time时间；B. chice选择；C. tls工具；D. patience耐心。根据语境和上文的“It’s risky”可知，机器人发动机坏了，而科学展在即，使用旧样机零件更换有风险，结合but可知，此处表示别无“选择”符合语境。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们一直工作到午夜，他们的决心与时间赛跑。A. fighting斗争，竞争；B. fllwing跟随；C. beying服从；D. laughing大笑。根据语境和上文的“They wrked until midnight”以及下文的“the ticking clck”可知，科学展时间紧迫可知，他们争分夺秒地工作，决心与时间竞赛。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在展览会上，他们的机器人一开始摇摇晃晃，但随后顺利地通过了障碍赛。A. suddenly突然；B. instantly立即；C. smthly顺利地；D. rughly粗略地。根据上文的 “At the fair, their rbt wbbled (摇晃) initially but then”可知，此处与“wbbled (摇晃)”形成转折，所以此处指的是机器人后来顺利通过了障碍赛。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：评委们称赞他们的创新解决方案。A. restless不安的；B. innvative创新的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. utdated过时的。根据上文的“Ethan panicked, but Maya calmly suggested ____9____ parts frm an ld prttype.”可知，这种解决问题的方式具有创新性，得到评委“称赞”，符合语境。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们获得第三名时，Ethan 感到自豪——不仅是因为奖杯，还因为他懂得了只要坚持不懈和团队合作，挑战是可以克服的。A. pride自豪，骄傲；B. anxiety焦虑；C. guilt内疚；D. bredm无聊。根据上文的“they wn third place”可知，取得好成绩，Ethan应是感到“自豪”符合语境。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. escaped逃避；B. avided避免；C. wrsened恶化；D. vercame克服。根据语境以及下文的“with persistence and teamwrk”可知，他们克服重重困难最终在科学展取得好成绩，所以此处表示挑战可以通过坚持和团队合作被“克服”，符合语境。故选D。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Giant Wild Gse Pagda (大雁塔), ____36____ (situate) in Da Ci’en Temple, Xi’an, is ne f ___37___ famus Buddhist pagdas in China. Althugh it fell int disrepair after the Tang Dynasty, sme f its halls survived and ____38____ (cnstruct) again during the Ming Dynasty.
In 652 AD, Master Xuan Zang suggested ____39____ (build) a pagda t stre scriptures (经文) and statues he had brught frm India. He even designed the pagda himself. Legend Wild Gse Pagda cmes frm a stry f wild geese ____40____ (prvide) fd fr mnks in India.
There is a famus painting inside, “Xuan Zang n His Way Back t Chang’an”. With a pair f straw sandals (草鞋) n his feet, Xuan Zang carries ____41____ (rll) f Buddhist scriptures ____42____ his back, making his way back t the capital ____43____ (eager).
In the Tang Dynasty, many fficials wrte pems n the walls f the pagda t express their happiness and wish future ____44____ (succeed). Xuan Zang spent 12 years translating 1,335 vlumes f Buddhist scriptures. Emperr Tai Zng and Crwn Prince Li Zhi wrte texts praising his wrk, ____45____ are still displayed at the pagda’s suth gate.
【答案】36. situated
37. the 38. were cnstructed
39. building
40. prviding
41. rlls 42. n
43. eagerly
44. success
45. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了西安大雁塔的历史渊源、建筑特色及其在佛教文化中的重要地位。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：大雁塔位于西安的大慈恩寺内，是中国著名的佛塔之一。所填空应是非谓语作后置定语，动词situate与主语The Giant Wild Gse Pagda之间为被动关系，be situated in，表示“位于”，所以此处用过去分词形式situated。故填situated。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：大雁塔位于西安的大慈恩寺内，是中国著名的佛塔之一。“ne f the + 形容词最高级 / 形容词 + 复数名词”是固定结构，此处表示“著名的……之一”，应用定冠词the。故填the。
【38题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：尽管它在唐朝之后年久失修，但它的一些殿堂得以保存，并在明朝时期再次被修建。这里考查谓语动词，句子主语sme f its halls与cnstruct之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语during the Ming Dynasty可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，主语为复数。故填were cnstructed。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：公元652年，玄奘大师建议建造一座塔来存放他从印度带回的经文和佛像。这里考查suggest ding sth.，是固定搭配，意为“建议做某事”。故填building。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：传说大雁塔的名字来源于印度大雁为僧侣提供食物的故事。这里考查非谓语，wild geese与prvide之间是主动关系，再由句意可知，此处应用现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词wild geese。故填prviding。
【41题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：玄奘脚上穿着一双草鞋，背着几卷佛经，急切地返回京城。rll是可数名词，根据语境可知，这里表示“好几卷”，应用复数形式rlls。故填rlls。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：玄奘脚上穿着一双草鞋，背着几卷佛经，急切地返回京城。这里考查n ne’s back，表示“在某人的背上”，是固定搭配。故填n。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：玄奘脚上穿着一双草鞋，背着几卷佛经，急切地返回京城。此处应用副词修饰动词making，eager的副词形式是eagerly。故填eagerly。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：在唐朝，许多官员在塔的墙壁上写诗来表达他们的喜悦，并祝愿未来成功。此处作wish的宾语，应用名词形式，success 表示“成功”时是不可数名词。故填success。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：唐太宗和太子李治写了文章赞扬他的功绩，这些文章仍然陈列在塔的南门。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是texts，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的朋友Alex即将返回自己的国家。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示感谢；
2. 回顾Alex对你的帮助；
3. 临别祝愿。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Alex,
Learning that yu’re leaving fr the United States sn, I’m eagerly writing t express my heartfelt gratitude t yu fr yur help.
Hnestly speaking, it’s s nice f yu t ffer me a class f practical learning skills. Under yur prfessinal guidance, I have made such unbelievable prgress in English. It’s indeed a pleasant surprise fr me t even rank first in a recent English speech cntest. Whenever I encunter difficulties, yu always cheer me up and help me ut, which fuels my enthusiasm fr English and prmtes me t regain tremendus cnfidence. N wrds are strng enugh t cnvey hw grateful I am.
Thanks again and wish yu a pleasant jurney hme.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文写作任务，要求写一封感谢信。
【详解】1. 审题立意
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写感谢信，人称使用第一人称和第二人称，时态用一般现在时。
2.谋篇布局
书信格式，称呼和落款文中已经给出。首段，写信的目的，中间段回顾Alex对你的帮助；最后一段表达祝愿。
3. 关键词和句子
根据写作要点及构思好的提纲我们可以初步确定文章可能使用到的词汇和句子有：leaving fr the United States sn，express my heartfelt gratitude，unbelievable prgress，cheer me up。通过词汇铺垫，我们就很容易地行文了，文章写完之后要检查文中是否存在拼写或语法错误。
【点睛】本文开门见山，表达了写信的目的；之后详细介绍了Alex对自己的帮助，详略得当，内容完整，同时使用了高级词汇和高级句子。高级词汇：eagerly，heartfelt gratitude，Hnestly speaking，prfessinal guidance等；高级句式：Whenever I encunter difficulties, yu always cheer me up and help me ut, which fuels my enthusiasm fr English and prmtes me t regain tremendus cnfidence.使用了让步状语从句和定语从句。这些都提升了文章的档次
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Meredith family lived in a small cmmunity. As the ecnmy was in decline, sme peple in the twn had lst their jbs. Many f their families were struggling t make ends meet. Peple were trying t help each ther meet the challenges.
Mrs. Meredith was a mst kind and thughtful wman. She spent a great deal f time visiting the pr. She knew they had prblems, and they needed all kinds f help. When she had time, she wuld bring fd and medicine t them.
One mrning she tld her children abut a family she had visited the day befre. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, wh tk care f him and culd nt g ut t wrk, and their little by. The little by -his name was Bernard-had interested her very much.
“I wish yu culd see him,” she said t her wn children, Jhn, Harry, and Clara. “He is such a help t his mther. He wants very much t earn sme mney, but I dn't see what he can d.”
After their mther left the rm, the children sat thinking abut Bernard. “I wish we culd help him t earn mney,” said Clara. “His family is suffering s much.”
“S d I,” said Harry. “We really shuld d smething t assist them.”
Fr sme mments, Jhn said nthing, but, suddenly, he sprang t his feet and cried, “I have a great idea! I have a slutin that we can all help accmplish (完成).”
The ther children als jumped up all attentin. When Jhn had an idea, it was sure t be a gd ne. “I tell yu what we can d,” said Jhn. “Yu knw that big bx f crn Uncle Jhn sent us? Well, we can make ppcrn (爆米花), and put it int paper bags, and Bernard can take it arund t the huses and sell it.”
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右:
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When Mrs. Meredith heard f Jhn's idea, she thught it was a gd ne, t.
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With everything ready, Bernard started ut n his new business.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When Mrs. Meredith heard f Jhn’s idea, she thught it was a gd ne, t. S, they went t the lcal supermarket tgether. They bught sme special bags fr ppcrn. When they gt hme, they made a lt f ppcrn and put it in the special bags. With the ppcrn, they went t Bernard’s hme. They tld Bernard hw t sell the ppcrn. Bernard and his parents were very grateful. And the Meredith family als felt very happy t help this family.
With everything ready, Bernard started ut n his new business. He tk the ppcrn arund t the huses and sld all his ppcrn. He earned a lt f mney. Then, he wanted t be self-dependent. Therefre, he asked Mrs. Meredith t teach him hw t make ppcrn. After that, nt nly did he sell ppcrn, but he als added cream and salt t the ppcrn t make it taste better. Bernard grew up t be a remarkable man. He did nt frget the help f Meredith’s family, and he als did what he culd t help thse in need.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了善良的梅雷迪斯一家住在一个小社区里。他们想帮助一个贫困的家庭。那家的男主人生病卧床,女主人要照顾丈夫无法外出赚钱，家中的小男孩伯纳德也做不了什么事情，生活十分困难。后来梅雷迪斯的孩子想出一个主意，制作爆米花让伯纳德去卖爆米花挣钱故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“梅雷迪思太太听说约翰的主意后，也觉得很好。”可知，第一段可描写梅雷迪思和孩子们一起制作爆米花的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“一切准备就绪后，伯纳德开始了他的新生意。”可知，第二段可描写伯纳德卖光了爆米花并且挣到了很多钱，以及表达对梅雷迪思一家的感恩之情。
2.续写线索：梅雷迪思太太觉得主意很好——决定制作白爆米花——拿着爆米花去了伯纳德家——伯纳德开始了他的新生意——挣到了很多钱——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①回到家：gt hme/went back hme/arrive hme
②.开始：started ut/set ut
③.挣钱：earn mney/make mney
情绪类
①.感激的：grateful/thankful/ appreciative
②.高兴的：happy /glad
【点睛】[高分句型1]. When they gt hme, they made a lt f ppcrn and put it in the special bags.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句。）
[高分句型2]. After that, nt nly did he sell ppcrn, but he als added cream and salt t the ppcrn t make it taste better.（运用了nt nly…but als…的固定句型以及nt nly位于句首时，句子需要部分倒装。）