2025年中考英语专题复习：选词填空 答题技巧 讲义（含练习题及答案）

这是一份2025年中考英语专题复习：选词填空 答题技巧 讲义（含练习题及答案），共10页。试卷主要包含了在选定单词后，不要轻率地填入， him 37， give 46， it 48， bravely等内容，欢迎下载使用。
“选词填空”要求学生利用所给的12个词汇(一般有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词和连词等)补全一篇有10个空缺的短文。要攻克这一难关，学生除了要进行大量的课外阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还需掌握一定的解题技巧。
1.在拿到题目后，不要急于看文章，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性作简单的标记，例如：名词-n.，动词-v.，形容词-a.，副词-ad. 等等。同时对词义作初步的理解。
2.通读全文，语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过上、下文的句子，充分理解短文的内容，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。
3.在选定单词后，不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。
★对于名词，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式。例如：match-matches, friend-friend's/friends'。其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词，例如：sun-sunny, use-useful/useless/used, danger-dangerus；
★对于动词，要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化(动词不定式- t d, 现在分词-ding, 过去分词-dne, 固定搭配-enjy ding sth./used t d sth./have sth. dne…)；
★对于形容词和副词，要主动去判定它们之间的相互转换，是否需要变成比较级或最高级，还有以及形容词变名词的需求也需考虑，例如：interesting-mre /the mst interesting, happy-happily，happy -happiness;
★对于代词，注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法；
★对于数词，要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法，例如：three-third, 2/3-tw thirds, ne thusand/thusands f ；
★对于冠词，只需要在 a或an之间判别，如a girl /an ld man;
★对于介词和连词时，就更简单，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配，填入即可。
4. 完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。
检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。
总结：做题技巧
1．统览全局，把握大意。要填的单词肯定是在一定的语言环境中才能确定。只有了解了短文的大意，把握了全局才能主导方向，从而有助于正确理解空缺词所在的句子，缩小词的选择范围。
2．根据语法，判定词性。一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性。进一步缩小词的选择范围,从而正确地选词。
3．利用语境，确定词形。当确定了一个单词的词性后可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式。如动词的人称数、时态、语态、不定式、动词的-ing形式；名词的数和所有格；代词的各种形式及单复数；形容词、副词的比较级以及基数词、序数词的转换形式等。
4．复读全文，验正答案。填完单词后，不可孤立地逐个检查词，而必须将所有填入的词代入文章中，复读全文，仔细检查所填词是否符合文章的情景内容，读起来是否流畅，是否合乎句法，单词拼写是否有误，单词形式是否正确等。发现问题及时更正。通过再读全文，很可能利用语感将个别特别难的空处顺口“读”出来。
中考真题
(2024年广东省)
短文填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
As summer cmes arund, utdr activities are getting mre and mre ppular. One f 66 is bike riding, r biking. The biking craze (热潮) is nw sweeping thrugh China.
Wang Jing is a student frm Hangzhu. She 67 exercised befre because she didn't like sprts much. But since her hmetwn hsted the Asian Games in 2023, her interest in sprts has 68 a lt. She has realized the benefits f sprts 69 is nw a big fan f biking.
“I feel free and peaceful 70 I ride,” Wang said. “Biking allws me t experience the beauty alng the rad and the wrld seems t slw dwn,” she added. Wang is nly ne f thse wh are deeply in lve with biking. In 71 like Chengdu and Beijing, thusands f peple have started t jin in the biking craze.
Will the craze in China last fr a lng time? The 72 is “Yes.” Thanks t the craze, there have been events like grup rides and bike festivals. These create a sense f cmmunity 73 bikers. They share rad infrmatin, biking experience and smetimes even meals. They are just like a 74 family. As biking has becme a lifestyle, experts 75 that this biking craze will cntinue. They expect a sharp increase in the number f bike riders.
(2023年广东省)
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。
There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put ____41____ in the bathrm. Withut it, we might have tth prblems. Can yu guess ____42____ it is? Yes, it’s the tthbrush. But d yu knw anything abut its histry?
Accrding t sme research, befre tthbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese peple ____43____ their teeth with sme small tree branches (树枝). Abut 800 years ag, peple made a kind f brushes with pig hair and bamb. It might ____44____ the wrld’s earliest frm f tthbrushes. As time went ____45____, the frms f tthbrushes changed. Fr example, peple chse hrse-tail hair instead f pig hair ____46____ pig hair was t hard. Imagine that yu travel back t ____47____ f years ag and brush yur teeth cmfrtably. It sunds fantastic, desn’t it?
Arund the 15th century, the Chinese tthbrush fund its way int Eurpe. It became ____48____ amng lcal peple sn. The ____49____ f tthbrushes was nt as famus as that f paper-making, but it was very useful in daily life. Tday we have a gd ____50____ f brushing teeth. We shuld thank the ancient Chinese fr it.
(2022年广东省改)
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。
gd much yes hw befre ag drink in eat water it becme
Wuld yu like t start yur day with a cup f tea? If the answer is ____66____, yu may have the same habit as many peple.
Yu may nt knw ____67____ ppular tea is. Amng all kinds f drinks, tea is ne f the tw chices. Peple like it because it is ____68____ fr their health.
Tea is mstly prduced ____69____ Asian cuntries like China and India. Chinese peple started t drink tea as early as 5,000 years ____70____. At that time, peple made tea in a simple way just put fresh tea leaves int ht ____71____.
Tea wasn’t intrduced int Eurpe until the early 17th century. And nw it has ____72____ ppular in Eurpe and America. Peple there like t ____73____ tea with sugar r milk in it. As the ppulatin f tea drinkers gets larger, tea business is getting ____74____ imprtant than befre.
The first Internatinal Tea Day was n May 21st, 2020. Since then, peple have celebrated ____75____ every year. The Day makes peple realize the imprtance f tea wrkers
2025佛山一模
请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
In ancient Greece, there lived a wise man called Scrates. One day a neighbur ran up t ____36____ excitedly and said, “Scrates, d yu knw what I’ve just heard abut Alex?”
“Wait a mment,” Scrates replied. “____37____ yu tell me abut Alex, I’d like yu t pass a little test, knwn ____38____ the Three-Filter (过滤器) Tests.” The neighbur did nt understand. Then Scrates ____39____, “The first filter is Truth. Let’s take a mment t ____40____ what yu’ re ging t say.” He asked, “Are yu certain that the news abut Alex was____41____ ?” The man said he wasn’t because he’d just heard it.
Then came the secnd filter — Gdness. Scrates asked if the news was abut smething gd. Again, the man ____42____ his head.
Finally, Scrates tried the third filter f Usefulness. Still, the man’s ____43____ was n.
Scrates said that the ____44____ thing in the wrld was t spread smething that was neither true nr gd, nr even useful. The man learned a gd ____45____: we shuld always be wise enugh when we spread what we hear.
2025湛江一模
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
Qian Xuesen was a great scientist. He is knwn as “the Father f China’s Space Prgram”. He is als knwn as “the King f the Rcket”. Thanks ____41____ his research, China’s space technlgy has prgressed in a rapid way.
Qian was ____42____ in Shanghai n December 11th, 1911. At the age f 24, he went t America t ____43____. After graduatin, he wrked in America fr a few ____44____. In the early 1950s, he heard that New China had been funded, and he decided t ____45____ up the gd wrking cnditins in America. ____46____ the American gvernment tried t stp him frm leaving, he succeeded in cming back t China in 1955.
In 1956, Qian Xuesen suggested starting a special rganizatin. Then ____47____ became the leading rganizatin fr China’s rcket and air travel. At that time, the cnditins in China were very ____48____. But Qian and his team still faced the difficulties ____49____. On April 24, 1970, China’s first man-made satellite (卫星) was successfully sent int the air.
A student f Qian Xuesen, Zhu Yilin, nce said, “I learned much knwledge and wrking spirit frm Mr. Qian. I sensed his deep ____50____ fr ur cuntry, t. When New China needed scientists badly, he returned t help in the rcket industry.”
2025阳江一模
请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯，并将 答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
“Wf, wf!” When yur dg barks, is he using his “dg’s language”?
In fact, a dg’s bark isn’t equal t（等同于）the wrds we find in a language. Yur dg will never be able t tell yu hw the weather is 66 what he ate yesterday. S, what des his barking actually 67 ?
Dgs bark t say hw they feel, but nt why they feel that way. They bark at things fr tw main 68 . When yu see smething 69 r get hurt, yu may cry ut. “Ouch!”A dg’s bark 70 certain situatins can mean the same thing. He barks t 71 his fear r t call fr help frm his grup.
Other barks are meant t shw that he is very excited. These barks are clser t the “ww” yu make when yu pen a surprising present. When a dg barks in this way, it means he wants t share his 72 with yu r his dg friends.
73 yur dg desn’t knw hw t speak yur language, he still listens and tries hard t understand yu. If yu listen t him 74 , yu may als cme t understand the meanings f 75 different barks. In this way, yu tw will have a richer life tgether.
参考答案
2023年广东中考真题短文填空答案：
It
What
Cleaned
Be
By
Because
Hundreds
Ppular
Inventin
habit
2024 年广东中考真题短文填空答案
in
wh / that
Were
Wide
Such
Hwever
A
Cheered
First
Himself
2025佛山一模
【答案】36. him 37. Befre 38. as 39. explained 40. check
41. true 42. shk 43. answer 44. wrst 45. lessn
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了古希腊哲学家苏格拉底通过“三重过滤器”测试教导邻居在传播信息时应确保其真实性、善意和有用性的故事。
【36题详解】
句意：在古希腊，住着一位名叫苏格拉底的智者。一天，一个邻居兴奋地跑向他。根据“a neighbur ran up t”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处需要一个代词，him“他”符合。此处用宾格形式作宾语。故填him。
【37题详解】
句意：“在你告诉我关于亚历克斯的事情之前，我想让你通过一个小测试。”根据“Wait a mment”和“I’d like yu t pass a little test”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处需要一个连词，befre“在……之前”符合。首字母大写。故填Befre。
【38题详解】
句意：这个测试被称为“三重过滤器”测试。根据“knwn”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处需要一个介词，as“作为”符合。be knwn as“作为……而著名”。故填as。
【39题详解】
句意：然后苏格拉底解释说：“第一个过滤器是真理。”根据“Then Scrates”和“The first filter is Truth”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处需要一个动词，explain“解释”符合。时态是一般过去时，故填explained。
【40题详解】
句意：让我们花点时间检查一下你要说的话。根据“Let’s take a mment t”和“what yu’re ging t say”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处需要一个动词原形，check“检查”符合。故填check。
【41题详解】
句意：你确定关于亚历克斯的消息是真的吗？根据“Are yu certain that the news abut Alex was”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处需要一个形容词，true“真实的”符合。故填true。
【42题详解】
句意：这个人摇了摇头。根据“the man”和“his head”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处需要一个动词，shake“摇动”符合。时态是一般过去时，故填shk。
【43题详解】
句意：然而，这个人的回答仍然是否定的。根据“the man’s”和“was n”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处需要一个名词，answer“回答”符合。故填answer。
【44题详解】
句意：苏格拉底说，世界上最糟糕的事情是传播既不真实、不好，甚至没有用的东西。根据“the”和“thing in the wrld”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处需要一个形容词最高级，bad“糟糕的”，其最高级形式是wrst。故填wrst。
【45题详解】
句意：这个人学到了一个很好的教训：我们在传播听到的信息时应该足够明智。根据“The man learned a gd”和“we shuld always be wise enugh”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处需要一个名词，lessn“教训”符合。故填lessn。
2025湛江一模
【答案】41. t 42. brn
43. study 44. years
45. give 46. Althugh
47. it 48. hard
49. bravely
50. lve
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了“中国航天之父”“火箭之王”钱学森。他在美国学成后，怀着一颗伟大的爱国心回到祖国，为新中国的建设做出巨大贡献。
【41题详解】
句意：由于他的研究，中国的航天技术发展迅速。thanks t“由于，幸亏”。故填t。
【42题详解】
句意：钱学森1911年12月11日生于上海。was/were brn …“出生于……”可知，空处填bear“出生”的过去分词brn。故填brn。
【43题详解】
句意：24岁时，他去美国学习。根据“went t America”和备选词可知，是赴美学习，用不定式作状语，前面有不定式符号t，空处填动词study“学习”。故填study。
【44题详解】
句意：毕业后，他在美国工作了几年。根据“wrked in America fr a few”和备选词可知，在美国工作了几年。year“年”，a few后接名词复数形式。故填years。
【45题详解】
句意：20世纪50年代初，他听说新中国成立了，决定放弃美国的良好工作条件。根据“he succeeded in cming back t China in 1955”可知，放弃了美国的良好工作条件。give up“放弃”，decide t d sth“放弃”，空处填give的动词原形。故填give。
【46题详解】
句意：尽管美国政府试图阻止他离开，但他在1955年成功地回到了中国。“美国政府试图阻止他离开”和“他在1955年成功地回到了中国”是让步关系，结合备选词可知，用althugh“虽然，尽管”引导让步状语从句。故填Althugh。
【47题详解】
句意：然后，它成为中国火箭和航空旅行的领先组织。此处用代词it代指前面提到的“a special rganizatin”。故填it。
【48题详解】
句意：当时，中国的条件非常艰苦。根据“the cnditins in China”和备选词可知，指条件非常艰苦。此处用形容词hard“艰难的；艰苦的”作表语。故填hard。
【49题详解】
句意：但钱学森和他的团队仍然勇敢地面对困难。根据“faced the difficulties”和备选词可知，指勇敢地面对困难。brave“勇敢的”，形容词，此处用其副词形式修饰动词faced。故填bravely。
【50题详解】
句意：我也感受到了他对我们国家的深深爱意。根据“his deep … fr ur cuntry”和备选词可知，指他对国家的深深爱意。lve“爱”，不可数名词。故填lve。
2025阳江一模
五、短文填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
66．r
67．mean
68．reasns
69．dangerus
70．in
71．shw
72．happiness
73．Althugh
74．carefully
75．his
考生所填答案与所给答案一致，给满分；所填答案意思相符但形式有错，每个扣 0.5 分；大小写错
误，每个扣 0.5 分。
always
amng
and
answer
believe
big
but
city
grw
seldm
they
whenever
it either be because what else by invent clean ppular habit hundred
answer nd lessn as check he explain bad true befre fr shake
althugh bear brave give hard it lve much study t travel year
happy
he
shw
althugh
reasn
use
mean
in
dangerus
place
r
care