2025届河北省邯郸市高三下学期第四次调研监测英语试卷（附答案解析）

这是一份2025届河北省邯郸市高三下学期第四次调研监测英语试卷（附答案解析），共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
The Natinal Bbblehead Hall f Fame and Museum seeks t prvide access t the wrld's largest cllectin f Bbbleheads t advance an understanding f the histrical rle Bbbleheads play in American culture.Lcatin:
170 S.1st St.
2nd Flr
Milwaukee, WI 53204Hurs:
Mnday—Friday: 10 a. m.—6 p. m.
Saturday—Sunday: 10 a. m.—5 p. m.
We are clsed n Easter, Thanksgiving, Christmas Eve, Christmas and New Year's Day and pen frm 10 a. m.—3 p. m. n Memrial Day, 4th f July, Labr Day, and New Year’s Eve.Admissin:
Only $5 plus tax.
Members and a guest are always free.
Children under 5 are free.Parking:
Free parking is available in the parking lt next t ur entrance which is at the nrtheast crner f the building. Visitrs can park in the angled spts n 170 S.1st St. A$50 depsit (押金) is required, and the hurly rate is $1. There is als an abundance f nn-metered street parking surrunding ur building. There are als several paid parking garages in the Histric Third Ward which is a blck t ur nrth.Grups:
We lve hsting grups f all sizes. We can accmmdate anything frm small crprate grups t large bus turs. We appreciate a “heads up” if yu’re planning a grup visit fr mre than 10 peple. Just call us r email us using the cntact infrmatin belw s we can plan fr yur visit. It’s a must. As fr their ages, yu just need t tell us when entering the museum.
Cntact:
Call: 800-414-1482
E-Mail: inf@bbbleheadhall.cm
1．When can yu visit the museum?
A．At 10 a. m. n Christmas.B．At 3 p. m. n Thanksgiving Day.
C．At 4 p. m. n Labr Day.D．At 11 a. m. n New Year’s Eve.
2．Where can yu park yur car fr free?
A．In the parking lt near the museum’s entrance.B．In the angled parking spts n 170 S.1st St.
C．In the museum’s surrunding area.D．In the Histric Third Ward.
3．What is required fr planning a visit with 20 peple?
A．A reservatin made at least ne week in advance.B．Infrmatin f each visitr’s age ahead f time.
C．A phne call r email t infrm the museum.D．Payment f $50 as a depsit when parking.
Debrah Alma, a pet and “petry drugstre” wner, prescribes (开处方) pems nt pills t her “patients”. She arranges the bks in her stre accrding t “md” because she believes petry can help relieve a whle range f emtinal illnesses frm exhaustin and stress t brken hearts.
She began her activity years ag while studying fr her Master’s Degree in creative writing and wrking as an assistant in a primary schl. At the same time she started t wrk with peple with dementia (痴呆), listening carefully t their wrds and writing them dwn. Peple wh start lsing their wrds talk metaphrs: “Tin bxes n the rad” t say cars is s much mre petic. Debrah cmpsed pems with the images given t her by the patients and then gifted thse pems back t peple wh were always s happy in that their wrds were taken seriusly. It was their respnses that made her knw the imprtance f listening carefully and learn t use petry as a means f cure and empathy (共情). In the meanwhile, their sense f being valued nt nly brught them jy but als emerged as a surce f inspiratin fr her.
In 2011 came the turning pint. While surfing the internet fr a camper van, she came acrss a 1950s ambulance fr sale and decided t buy it, even thugh it was a tugh perid. That is hw the emergency petry adventure started, and fr eight years she wrked at festivals, cnferences, hspitals and care settings, libraries, and schls.
Tday Debrah has sld the ambulance and bught the special stre: a cffee shp dwnstairs, where peple stp t have a cup f tea, upstairs a library, rganized by emtins and stages f life t make petry mre accessible and welcme. The “cunseling cuch” is still there frm the ambulance days, cntributing t the Victrian-theatrical atmsphere that yu can sense all arund the place. She specially chse this style t help create a certain atmsphere where peple can feel at ease, relax, and let sme lightness in.
4．Why did Alma start her petry prescriptin activity?
A．T expse peple t petry.B．T bring petry int real life.
C．T share the magic f petry.D．T help ease emtinal issues.
5．What aspect f the dementia patients gives Alma inspiratin?
A．Their feeling f being valued.B．Their habit f listening carefully.
C．Their gift fr appreciating petry.D．Their ability t express themselves.
6．Which f the fllwing best describes Alma?
A．Brave and kind.B．Cnsiderate and innvative.
C．Ambitius and devted.D．Hspitable and apprachable.
7．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Healing Petry: A Blessing fr Peple with Dementia
B．Debrah Alma: A Pet Wh Prescribes pems, Nt Pills
C．The Petry Drugstre: Driving frm Hspitals t Schls
D．Frm Classrm t Clinic: Debrah Alma’s Petry Jurney
In a German quiz shw, Bdil Hlst learned that plar bears were invisible in infrared (红外线的) cameras, meaning their fur had the same temperature as the surrundings. Mst mammalian hair can freeze when it gets wet in cld temperatures—think human beards n a frsty winter day. But Bdil nticed plar bear fur did nt freeze after getting wet.
“I was very puzzled,” he says. “Why d they nt get cvered in ice?” He initially thught that plar bear fur might have structural prperties that prevent ice frm frming. He and his clleagues used high-pwered micrscpes t zm in n the fur, but “we culdn’t really see anything special, and they just lked nrmal,” says Hlst, “We started t suspect that there’s mre t this than structure.”
While the team was handling the fur, they nticed it was very greasy (油腻的) When the team washed the hair, it largely lst its anti-icing prperties. “Maybe this was dwn t plar bear hair grease,” says Hlst.
Then they did a series f mlecular (分子的) analyses t identify what specifically abut hair grease might prevent ice frm frming. They fund high levels f certain cmpunds in the grease that are especially resistant t freezing, specifically because ice has a harder time sticking t them. Meanwhile, the team fund plar bear fur als lacked a cmpund called squalene, which is abundant in ther marine mammals, and has prperties that make ice stick t it easily. “This cmbinatin makes plar bear fur highly resistant t freezing,” says Hlst. Fllwing lab tests shwed that it perfrmed abut as well as ski waxes, which have been banned in Nrway fr envirnmental reasns.
Thugh Arctic peple are the first t identify that plar bear fur has such special anti-icing prperties, it is the scientific research that has prvided a detailed understanding f the basic reasn. Therefre, Hlst hpes that the research might inspire new appraches t making anti-icing materials that culd be used fr ski waxes, and even plane de-icing fluids.
8．Why are human beards mentined in paragraph 1?
A．T illustrate that hair icing is cmmn.
B．T shw that human beards are ice-free.
C．T highlight the similarity f mammal fur.
D．T explain the aim f the German quiz shw.
9．Hw did Hlst and his team d the research?
A．By using infrared cameras t study the fur.
B．By cmparing plar bear fur with human hair.
C．By bserving plar bears in their natural habitat.
D．By examining mlecules and testing them in the lab.
10．What makes plar bear fur stay unfrzen?
A．Its greasy fur and lack f squalene.B．Its dietary habits.
C．Its infrared invisibility.D．Its structural prperties.
11．What des Hlst want t stress in the last paragraph?
A．The breakthrugh he has made.B．The experience f Arctic peple.
C．The characteristics f plar bear fur.D．The ptential applicatins f his study.
In ur daily life, yu will find bttles f melatnin (褪黑素) prmising t relieve jet lag (飞机时差). There are tablets, and effective-lking capsules — whatever appeals. But all yu want t knw is: des it wrk?
Melatnin is knwn as the “darkness hrmne”. When the sun ges dwn, it is released by the pineal gland in the brain. Prductin peaks in the middle f the night befre slwly falling as the mrning light returns. Althugh it is driven by the bilgical clck, rather than darkness itself, the emergence and disappearance f light helps regulate the clck each day, keeping melatnin prductin happening with the day-night cycle at the same time. The night-time increase in melatnin puts peple int a pleasant state that makes it easier fr them t fall asleep. And when peple are given melatnin during the day, they get sleepy, t.
Disrupted melatnin prductin can lead t sleep disrders. Similarly, jet lag has the same effect. One reasn is that sleep is interrupted by the bright lights f the plane cabin, but the much mre harmful effect cmes frm arriving at a destinatin with a day-night cycle different frm yur bilgical clck. The clck, and the melatnin, can take days t catch up.
Managing jet lag with melatnin has becme ppular. A landmark paper that pled the results f five randmized cntrlled trials in 2002 fund that peple given melatnin rate their jet-lag experience as half as bad as thse wh are given a placeb (安慰剂).
“Melatnin is quite effective if yu have t speed up yur clck,” says Derk-Jan Dijk, directr f the Surrey Sleep Research Centre. “It’s nt gd at slwing dwn yur clck.” That means taking melatnin may be mre useful after eastward flights, when yu have t g t bed sner than yur bdy wants t, than after westward flights, when yu have t stay up. Frtunately fr thse with westward travel plans, there are ther things yu can d t help yur bilgical clck adjust—gradually shifting the wake-sleep cycle in the days befre the flight.
12．What is mainly talked abut in paragraph 2?
A．The specific timing f melatnin's disappearance.
B．The imprtance f natural sunlight in regulating sleep.
C．The sleep regulatin by light-dark cycles f melatnin.
D．The effectiveness f melatnin in treating sleep disrders.
13．What des the underlined wrd “Disrupted” prbably mean in paragraph 3?
A．Bsted.B．Restred.C．Cntinued.D．Disturbed.
14．What did the landmark paper find abut the melatnin?
A．It has many functins.
B．It wrks better than a placeb.
C．It enhances regulating peple's sleep circle.
D．It perfrms well at randmized cntrlled trials.
15．Why is melatnin mre effective fr eastward flights than fr westward flights?
A．Eastward flights naturally shift the wake-sleep cycle.
B．Flying eastward equals speeding up the bilgical clck.
C．Westward flights actually delay melatnin prductin peak.
D．Flying westward means staying up after getting ff the flight.
Cmmunicatin barriers can be anything that negatively impacts yur ability t cmmunicate apprpriately with thers. Frm the tls yu use t cmmunicate t yur methds f cmmunicatin, barriers may be emtinal, cultural, r linguistic (语言的). 16
Emtins can clud yur ability t cmmunicate effectively and actively listen. Emtins like anger r disappintment can affect yur ability t cmmunicate because yur brain struggles t prcess what is being said, especially if yu're experiencing stress r anxiety at that time. 17 Then yu need t chse the best methd and envirnment fr the cnversatin.
Cultural differences can create misunderstandings, s it's imprtant t ask questins abut cmmunicatin standards and preferences if yu suspect a cultural-based cmmunicatin barrier. 18 Cmpanies can be sensitive and respectful t ther cultures by cmmunicating the desire t meet the cmmunicatin needs f all emplyees.
Language barriers dn’t just refer t speaking different languages. 19 Fr example, there may be tw ways t say the same wrd, assciatins tied t certain wrds r phrases, r cllquialisms (俗语) in ne part f area that dn't exist in ther parts. S avid idims r slang that may nt translate well withut further explanatin.
20 A gesture that is friendly in ne culture might be ffensive in anther. Pr cnnectivity r utdated devices can create difficulties in understanding messages. But by actively tackling these we can prmte better understanding and establish mre effective cmmunicatin.
A．This is particularly true in the wrkplace.
B．Yur language affects hw thers perceive and relate t yu.
C．Wait until yu’ve managed them befre speaking t smene.
D．Gestures and facial expressins can help yu understand thers.
E．Furthermre, challenges such as nnverbal cues and tech barriers can arise.
F．Reginal and dialectal differences can als prevent effective cmmunicatin.
G．Frtunately, yu can address the barriers and imprve yur ability t cmmunicate.
二、完形填空
In March 2018, Mlly Baker’s life changed frever when her husband passed away in an accident. The 21 weeks were filled with verwhelming supprt frm friends and family. Hwever, as time went n, their visits and calls 22 reduced. Everyne had t return t their wn lives, 23 Mlly t face her sadness alne.
One f Mlly’s clse friends, Carla, culdn’t bear t see her 24 . She came up with a plan called the “Calendar Girls.” Carla 25 31 f Mlly’s friends wh were willing t help and assigned each persn a(n) 26 day f the mnth. Their 27 was simple — reach ut t Mlly in any small but meaningful way, whether it was thrugh a text, a phne call, r a card.
Carla even gave Mlly a(n) 28 with the names f her helpers listed ut. This allwed Mlly t 29 wh wuld be checking in each day. It made her feel 30 and less lnely.
31 that year, Mlly acknwledges hw crucial Carla’s thughtful 32 was in helping her cpe with the situatin. The “Calendar Girls” setup 33 a cnsistent surce f emtinal supprt fr Mlly during thse tugh times. Tday, 34 by Carla’s cmpassin, Mlly pays it frward by supprting her wn friends thrugh similar 35 , ffering them daily reasns t lk frward t.
“I lve that Carla did this,” Mlly said. “And I will always be grateful fr that year in my life.”
21．A．criticalB．initialC．recentD．impressive
22．A．randmlyB．cnstantlyC．temprarilyD．gradually
23．A．frcingB．urgingC．persuadingD．leaving
24．A．struggleB．silenceC．changeD．rutine
25．A．warnedB．trainedC．gatheredD．cnvinced
26．A．specialB．specificC．meaningfulD．eventful
27．A．expectatinB．highlightC．missinD．thught
28．A．directryB．calendarC．intrductinD．explanatin
29．A．learnB．imagineC．calculateD．remind
30．A．cnnectedB．chargedC．prtectedD．trusted
31．A．Fcusing nB．Cunting nC．Reflecting nD．Capitalizing n
32．A．prmiseB．investmentC．mtiveD．gesture
33．A．claimedB．representedC．prvidedD．shifted
34．A．attractedB．inspiredC．impressedD．seized
35．A．hardshipsB．cmfrtsC．weaknessesD．pprtunities
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Large amunts f mlten（熔融的）irn are thrwn up int the air, spreading ut and turning int a wnderful sight f sparks dancing in the night sky. The display is 36 unique traditinal Chinese flk art called datiehua.
Datiehua, 37 （literal）meaning “striking irn flwers”, has been fascinating audiences fr centuries. In this breathtaking perfrmance, the irn is heated t ver 1,600℃, 38 （make）it extremely ht. Using wden sticks, the skilled perfrmers hit the mlten irn, sending shwers f sparks high int the air, 39 lks like a firewrks display, creating a festive and thrilling atmsphere.
Datichua riginated in the Nrthern Sng Dynasty and gained 40 （ppular）during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Over the centuries, it has spread far and wide acrss different regins in China, with each area adding its wn unique flavr t the perfrmance, resulting in 41 （vary）styles.
In 2008, it 42 （include）in China's natinal intangible cultural heritage representative list, highlighting 43 （it）significance in preserving traditinal culture. Tday, datiehua nt nly cntinues t be a belved frm f entertainment but als serves 44 a bridge t cnnect the past and the present. It invites mre and mre peple 45 （explre）and appreciate this incredible art frm, keeping the ancient traditin alive and dynamic.
四、书信写作
46．假定你是校学生会主席李华。学校决定组织一次社区环保志愿活动。请你代表学生会在校英语报上发布一则通知。内容包括:
1.活动安排等；
2.志愿者的任务及注意事项；
3.报名方式及截止时间。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Ntice
Dear students,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Student Unin
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Life in ur quiet retirement village had its advantages. Friendly neighbrs, a peaceful setting, the relaxed pace, and it was easy t mve arund. As nice as ur setup was, I smetimes fund myself missing the chapter f my life when there were never enugh hurs in the day t accmplish what I wanted. Thse days were busy but full f purpse. Smetimes I felt useless.
I put a leash (狗绳)n my cckap, Bella, fr her evening walk and glanced ut the windw at the Christmas lights twinkling in the late December chill. And there was that stray (流浪的)dg again, skinny and scared, running alng the street, searching fr smething he just culdn’t find.
Lve, I thught as I led Bella utside. Smething we shuld all have, especially this time f year.
Outside, I hid behind a bush and let Bella’s leash reach its limit s she culd walk up t the stray n her wn. The little guy was friendly with the neighbrhd dgs, but peple terrified him. I had watched frm the windw while he ate the fd I left ut, hping he’d learn t trust me. I wanted t get him t a vet (兽医)and then find him a gd hme. But if that dg saw me, he ran.
I waited until the dgs seemed t be distracted with ne anther, then mved clser. The stray lked up and ran away. Anther useless attempt. When night fell, I culdn’t stp imagining him trembling n the street. “Is he smewhere safe?” I asked myself as I lay in my warm bed. Did he find shelter? If he did, it was n thanks t me.
“Why dn’t yu put up a pst abut the dg n ur cmmunity site?” Ralph, my neighbr, suggested the next mrning.
“That’s just what I’ll d.” I went t my cmputer.
Surprisingly, I wasn’t the nly persn interested in the little dg in ur neighbrhd. Many f us had been ding what we culd t help, but n ur wn, nne f us had been successful.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“What if we wrk tgether?” I suggested.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Suddenly, we gt wrd saying, “It was fund safe and sund.”
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
《2025届河北省邯郸市高三下学期第四次调研监测英语试卷》参考答案
1．D 2．A 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了Natinal Bbblehead Hall f Fame and Museum的基本信息，包括位置、开放时间、门票价格、停车安排以及团体参观的注意事项，旨在帮助潜在的参观者了解并计划他们的访问。
1．细节理解题。根据文中“Hurs: Mnday—Friday: 10 a. m.—6 p. m. Saturday—Sunday: 10 a. m.—5 p. m. We are clsed n Easter, Thanksgiving, Christmas Eve, Christmas and New Year's Day and pen frm 10 a. m.—3 p. m. n Memrial Day, 4th f July, Labr Day, and New Year’s Eve.(开放时间：周一至周五：上午10点至下午6点。周六至周日：上午10点至下午5点。我们在复活节、感恩节、平安夜、圣诞节和元旦闭馆，在阵亡将士纪念日、7月4日、劳动节和新年前夜的上午10点至下午3点开放。)”可知，新年前夜开放时间是上午10点至下午3点，所以D选项At 11 a. m. n New Year’s Eve.(新年前夜上午11点)，是可以参观的。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据文中“Parking: Free parking is available in the parking lt next t ur entrance which is at the nrtheast crner f the building.(停车：在我们入口旁边的停车场有免费停车位，入口位于大楼的东北角。)”可知，在博物馆入口附近的停车场可以免费停车。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据文中“Grups: We lve hsting grups f all sizes. We can accmmdate anything frm small crprate grups t large bus turs. We appreciate a “heads up” if yu’re planning a grup visit fr mre than 10 peple. Just call us r email us using the cntact infrmatin belw s we can plan fr yur visit. It’s a must.(团体：我们喜欢接待各种规模的团体。我们可以接待从小型企业团体到大型巴士旅行团的任何团体。如果你计划组织 10 人以上的团体参观，我们希望你能提前告知。只需使用下面的联系信息给我们打电话或发电子邮件，这样我们就可以为你的参观做计划。这是必须的。)”可知，计划20人（超过10人）的参观需要打电话或发电子邮件通知博物馆。故选C。
4．D 5．A 6．B 7．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了诗人黛博拉·阿尔玛通过诗歌帮助人们缓解情感问题的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Debrah Alma, a pet and “petry drugstre” wner, prescribes (开处方) pems nt pills t her “patients”. She arranges the bks in her stre accrding t “md” because she believes petry can help relieve a whle range f emtinal illnesses frm exhaustin and stress t brken hearts. (黛博拉・阿尔玛是一位诗人，也是一家“诗歌药店”的老板，她给“病人”开的是诗歌，而不是药片。她按照“情绪”来摆放店里的书籍，因为她相信诗歌能够帮助缓解从疲惫、压力到心碎等一系列的情感问题。)”可知，阿尔玛开始她的诗歌处方活动是为了帮助缓解情感问题。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the meanwhile, their sense f being valued nt nly brught them jy but als emerged as a surce f inspiratin fr her. (与此同时，他们的被重视感不仅给他们带来了快乐，也成为了她的灵感来源。)”等内容可知，痴呆症患者被重视的感觉给了阿尔玛灵感。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Debrah cmpsed pems with the images given t her by the patients and then gifted thse pems back t peple wh were always s happy in that their wrds were taken seriusly. (黛博拉用病人们给她的意象创作诗歌，然后把这些诗歌送给那些总是很高兴自己的话被认真对待的人。)”可知，阿尔玛很体贴；根据最后一段中“Tday Debrah has sld the ambulance and bught the special stre: a cffee shp dwnstairs, where peple stp t have a cup f tea, upstairs a library, rganized by emtins and stages f life t make petry mre accessible and welcme. (今天，黛博拉卖掉了救护车，买下了这家特别的商店：楼下是一家咖啡店，人们可以在那里停下来喝杯茶；楼上是一个图书馆，按照情感和人生阶段进行组织，让诗歌更容易接触和受欢迎。)”可知，阿尔玛很有创新性。因此，阿尔玛是一个体贴且富有创新性的人。故选B。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Debrah Alma, a pet and “petry drugstre” wner, prescribes (开处方) pems nt pills t her “patients”. She arranges the bks in her stre accrding t “md” because she believes petry can help relieve a whle range f emtinal illnesses frm exhaustin and stress t brken hearts. (黛博拉・阿尔玛是一位诗人，也是一家“诗歌药店”的老板，她给“病人”开的是诗歌，而不是药片。她按照“情绪”来摆放店里的书籍，因为她相信诗歌能够帮助缓解从疲惫、压力到心碎等一系列的情感问题。)”可知，文章主要讲述了诗人黛博拉·阿尔玛通过诗歌帮助人们缓解情感问题的故事。B项“Debrah Alma: A Pet Wh Prescribes pems, Nt Pills (黛博拉·阿尔玛：一位开诗歌处方而不是药片的诗人)”最符合文章标题。故选B。
8．A 9．D 10．A 11．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了科学家Bdil Hlst及其团队对北极熊毛发结冰特性的研究过程和结果。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“Mst mammalian hair can freeze when it gets wet in cld temperatures—think human beards n a frsty winter day. But Bdil nticed plar bear fur did nt freeze after getting wet.(大多数哺乳动物的毛发在寒冷的温度下弄湿时会结冰 —— 想想寒冷冬日里人类的胡须。但是博迪尔注意到北极熊的毛发弄湿后不会结冰。)”可知，提到人类的胡须是为了说明大多数哺乳动物毛发在寒冷时弄湿会结冰这种毛发结冰的现象是常见的，从而与北极熊毛发弄湿不结冰形成对比。故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据第四段“Then they did a series f mlecular (分子的) analyses t identify what specifically abut hair grease might prevent ice frm frming. (然后他们进行了一系列分子分析，以确定毛发油脂中具体是什么可能阻止冰的形成。)”以及“Fllwing lab tests shwed that it perfrmed abut as well as ski waxes, which have been banned in Nrway fr envirnmental reasns.(随后的实验室测试表明，它的性能与滑雪蜡差不多，滑雪蜡因环境原因在挪威已被禁止使用。)”可知，霍尔斯特和他的团队通过检查分子并在实验室进行测试来做研究。故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段“They fund high levels f certain cmpunds in the grease that are especially resistant t freezing, specifically because ice has a harder time sticking t them. Meanwhile, the team fund plar bear fur als lacked a cmpund called squalene, which is abundant in ther marine mammals, and has prperties that make ice stick t it easily. “This cmbinatin makes plar bear fur highly resistant t freezing,” says Hlst.(他们发现油脂中某些化合物的含量很高，这些化合物特别耐冻，特别是因为冰很难附着在它们上面。与此同时，研究小组发现北极熊的毛发中也缺乏一种叫做角鲨烯的化合物，这种化合物在其他海洋哺乳动物中含量丰富，并且具有使冰容易附着在上面的特性。“这种组合使北极熊的毛发高度耐冻”，霍尔斯特说。)”可知，是北极熊油腻的毛发和缺乏角鲨烯使它们的毛发不结冰。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Therefre, Hlst hpes that the research might inspire new appraches t making anti-icing materials that culd be used fr ski waxes, and even plane de-icing fluids.(因此，霍尔斯特希望这项研究可能会激发制造防冰材料的新方法，这些材料可用于滑雪蜡，甚至飞机除冰液。)”可知，霍尔斯特在最后一段想强调他的研究的潜在应用。故选D。
12．C 13．D 14．B 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍褪黑素的作用机制、对时差的影响以及相关的科学研究结果，解释了褪黑素如何帮助缓解时差反应。
12．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Althugh it is driven by the bilgical clck, rather than darkness itself, the emergence and disappearance f light helps regulate the clck each day, keeping melatnin prductin happening with the day-night cycle at the same time.(虽然它是由生物钟驱动的，而不是黑暗本身，但光的出现和消失有助于调节生物钟，使褪黑激素的产生与昼夜循环同时发生。)”和全段内容可知，该段主要讲述了褪黑素随着光的出现和消失而减少和增加，与昼夜循环同步，以调节生物钟和睡眠。故选C。
13．词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Disrupted melatnin prductin can lead t sleep disrders.(褪黑素分泌Disrupted会导致睡眠障碍。)”下文“Similarly, jet lag has the same effect. One reasn is that sleep is interrupted by the bright lights f the plane cabin, but the much mre harmful effect cmes frm arriving at a destinatin with a day-night cycle different frm yur bilgical clck. The clck, and the melatnin, can take days t catch up.(同样，时差也有同样的效果。其中一个原因是机舱明亮的灯光会打断睡眠，但更有害的影响来自于到达目的地时，你的昼夜周期与生物钟不同，生物钟和褪黑素可能需要几天才能赶上。)”可知，飞机时差也会导致睡眠障碍，这种影响正是因为机舱的灯光以及目的地时差的不同造成，这些会造成生物钟和褪黑素的分泌紊乱，故画线词的意思是“失调的，被扰乱的”。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段“A landmark paper that pled the results f five randmized cntrlled trials in 2002 fund that peple given melatnin rate their jet-lag experience as half as bad as thse wh are given a placeb（安慰剂）。(2002年，一篇综合了五项随机对照试验结果的具有里程碑意义的论文发现，服用褪黑激素的人评价他们的时差反应要比服用安慰剂的少一半。)”可知，这篇论文发现褪黑素的作用要强于安慰剂。故选B。
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段““Melatnin is quite effective if yu have t speed up yur clck,” says Derk-Jan Dijk, directr f the Surrey Sleep Research Centre. “It’s nt gd at slwing dwn yur clck.” That means taking melatnin may be mre useful after eastward flights, when yu have t g t bed sner than yur bdy wants t, than after westward flights, when yu have t stay up.(萨里睡眠研究中心主任Derk-Jan Dijk说：“如果你必须加快生物钟，褪黑激素会非常有效。”“它不擅长让你的时间慢下来。”这意味着在向东飞行后服用褪黑激素可能比在向西飞行后服用褪黑激素更有用，因为你不得不比你的身体更早上床睡觉，而在向西飞行后，你不得不熬夜。)”可知，在加快生物钟的前提下，褪黑素会更加有效。向东飞行，因为时差的问题会提前睡觉，也就相当于加快了生物钟。故选B。
16．G 17．C 18．A 19．F 20．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了影响有效沟通的多种障碍，并提供了解决策略，以促进更好的理解和沟通效率。
16．上文“Cmmunicatin barriers can be anything that negatively impacts yur ability t cmmunicate apprpriately with thers. Frm the tls yu use t cmmunicate t yur methds f cmmunicatin, barriers may be emtinal, cultural, r linguistic (语言的).(沟通障碍可以是任何对你与他人恰当沟通能力产生负面影响的事物。从你用于沟通的工具到你的沟通方式，障碍可能是情感方面的、文化方面的或语言方面的)”说明了沟通障碍的定义和类型。空处和前文为转折关系，引出可以解决这些障碍的话题。所以G项“幸运的是，你可以应对这些障碍并提高你的沟通能力”符合语境，该项中的“address the barriers”和上文中的“Cmmunicatin barriers”相呼应。故选G。
17．上文“Emtins can clud yur ability t cmmunicate effectively and actively listen. Emtins like anger r disappintment can affect yur ability t cmmunicate because yur brain struggles t prcess what is being said, especially if yu’re experiencing stress r anxiety at that time.(情绪会影响你有效沟通和积极倾听的能力。像愤怒或失望这样的情绪会影响你的沟通能力，因为你的大脑难以处理正在说的内容，尤其是当你在那个时候正经历压力或焦虑时)”说明了情绪对沟通的影响。空处和前文为顺接关系，提出处理情绪后再进行沟通的建议。所以C项“在和别人说话之前，先等到你已经处理好这些情绪”符合语境，该项中的“them”指代前文中的“Emtins like anger r disappintment。故选C。
18．上文“Cultural differences can create misunderstandings, s it's imprtant t ask questins abut cmmunicatin standards and preferences if yu suspect a cultural-based cmmunicatin barrier.(文化差异会造成误解，所以如果你怀疑存在基于文化的沟通障碍，询问关于沟通标准和偏好的问题是很重要的)”说明了文化差异会带来沟通障碍。空处和前文为递进关系，进一步说明在工作场所中文化差异导致的沟通障碍更为常见，引出下文公司应如何应对文化差异带来的沟通障碍。所以A项“这在工作场所尤其如此”符合语境。故选A。
19．上文“Language barriers dn't just refer t speaking different languages.(语言障碍不仅仅指说不同的语言)”指出语言障碍不只是语言不同的问题。空处和前文为递进关系，具体说明语言障碍还包括地区和方言差异，而下文中的例子进一步证明了这个观点。所 F项“区域和方言差异也会阻碍有效的沟通”符合语境，该项中“Reginal and dialectal differences”在下文中的“assciatins tied t certain wrds r phrases, r cllquialisms (俗语) in ne part f area that dn’t exist in ther parts”得到了印证。故选F。
20．下文“A gesture that is friendly in ne culture might be ffensive in anther. Pr cnnectivity r utdated devices can create difficulties in understanding messages.(在一种文化中友好的手势在另一种文化中可能是冒犯性的。连接不畅或设备过时会在理解信息方面造成困难)”说明了非语言暗示和技术方面的障碍。空处和后文为总分关系，说明除了之前提到的沟通障碍外，还存在非语言线索和技术障碍等挑战。所以E项“此外，可能会出现诸如非语言暗示和技术障碍之类的挑战”符合语境。故选E。
21．B 22．D 23．D 24．A 25．C 26．B 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．C 34．B 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Mlly在丈夫去世后，朋友Carla通过“Calendar Girls”计划帮助她度过难关的故事。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最初的几周，她得到了朋友和家人的大力支持。A. critical关键的；B. initial最初的；C. recent最近的；D. impressive令人印象深刻的。根据前文“In March 2018, Mlly Baker’s life changed frever when her husband passed away in an accident.”可知，Mlly的丈夫刚去世，所以是丈夫去世后最初的几周。故选B。
22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着时间的推移，他们的拜访和电话逐渐减少。A. randmly随机地；B. cnstantly不断地；C. temprarily暂时地；D. gradually逐渐地。根据前文“Hwever, as time went n”以及后文“Everyne had t return t their wn lives”可知，随着时间的推移，人们的关注和帮助会逐渐减少。故选D。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人都必须回到自己的生活中，使得Mlly要独自面对她的悲伤。A. frcing强迫；B. urging催促；C. persuading说服；D. leaving留下，使处于某种状态。根据前文“Everyne had t return t their wn lives”可知，每个人都回到了自己的生活中，使得Mlly要独自面对悲伤。故选D。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mlly的密友Carla不忍心看到她挣扎。A. struggle挣扎；B. silence沉默；C. change改变；D. rutine常规。根据前文“Mlly t face her sadness alne”可知，Mlly独自面对悲伤，所以Carla不忍看到她如此挣扎。故选A。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Carla召集了31位愿意帮忙的Mlly的朋友，并给每个人分配了当月的一个特定日子。A. warned警告；B. trained训练；C. gathered聚集，召集；D. cnvinced说服。根据后文“31 f Mlly’s friends wh were willing t help”可知，Carla召集了愿意帮忙的朋友。故选C。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Carla召集了31位愿意帮忙的Mlly的朋友，并给每个人分配了当月的一个特定日子。A. special特别的；B. specific特定的；C. meaningful有意义的；D. eventful多事的。根据后文“reach ut t Mlly in any small but meaningful way, whether it was thrugh a text, a phne call, r a card”可知，每个人都在特定的日子以特定的方式联系Mlly。故选B。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的任务很简单——以任何小而有意义的方式与Mlly联系，无论是通过短信、电话还是卡片。A. expectatin期望；B. highlight亮点；C. missin任务；D. thught想法。根据后文“reach ut t Mlly in any small but meaningful way”可知，这是他们被分配的任务。故选C。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Carla甚至给了Mlly一本日历，上面列出了帮助她的人的名字。A. directry目录；B. calendar日历；C. intrductin介绍；D. explanatin解释。根据前文“Calendar Girls”可知，给的是日历。故选B。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让Mlly知道每天谁会来关心她。A. learn了解，知道；B. imagine想象；C. calculate计算；D. remind提醒。根据前文“Carla even gave Mlly a(n) ___8___ with the names f her helpers listed ut.”可知，有了日历和名单，Mlly可以了解每天谁会联系她并关心她。故选A。
30．考查过去分词词义辨析。句意：这让她感到有联系，不那么孤独。A. cnnected有联系的；B. charged充电的，被指控的；C. prtected受保护的；D. trusted被信任的。根据前文“This allwed Mlly t ___9___ wh wuld be checking in each day.”以及下文“less lnely”可知，知道每天谁会来关心她，所以她感觉和别人有了联系，不那么孤独了。故选A。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：回顾那一年，Mlly承认Carla的体贴举动对她应对这种情况有多重要。A. Fcusing n专注于；B. Cunting n依靠；C. Reflecting n回顾；D. Capitalizing n利用。根据后文“Mlly acknwledges hw crucial Carla’s thughtful ___12___ was in helping her cpe with the situatin”可知，这是Mlly在回顾那一年的经历。故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：回顾那一年，Mlly承认Carla的体贴举动对她应对这种情况有多重要。A. prmise承诺；B. investment投资；C. mtive动机；D. gesture举动，手势。根据前文“She came up with a plan called the “Calendar Girls.””可知，Carla组织“Calendar Girls”这件事是一个体贴的举动。故选D。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“Calendar Girls”的安排为Mlly在那些艰难时期提供了持续的情感支持。A. claimed声称；B. represented代表；C. prvided提供；D. shifted转变。根据后文“a cnsistent surce f emtinal supprt fr Mlly during thse tugh times”可知，“Calendar Girls”的安排为Mlly提供了情感支持。故选C。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，受到Carla同情的启发，Mlly通过帮助自己的朋友度过类似的困难时期来回报这份善意，给他们每天期待的理由。A. attracted吸引；B. inspired启发，激励；C. impressed给……留下深刻印象；D. seized抓住。根据后文“Mlly pays it frward by supprting her wn friends”可知，Mlly受到了Carla的启发去帮助别人。故选B。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，受到Carla同情的启发，Mlly通过帮助自己的朋友度过类似的困难时期来回报这份善意，给他们每天期待的理由。A. hardships困难；B. cmfrts安慰；C. weaknesses弱点；D. pprtunities机会。根据前文“helping her cpe with the situatin”可知，Mlly在帮助朋友度过类似的困难时期。故选A。
36．a 37．literally 38．making 39．which 40．ppularity 41．varius/varied 42．was included 43．its 44．as 45．t explre
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国独特的传统民间艺术 “打铁花”，包括它的表演形式、起源、发展以及其作为国家级非物质文化遗产的意义，并且强调了它在连接过去和现在以及传承传统文化方面所起到的作用。
36．考查冠词。句意：这种表演是一种独特的中国传统民间艺术，叫做打铁花。“unique traditinal Chinese flk art” 是可数名词短语，此处表示泛指 “一种”，“unique”以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词 “a”。故填a。
37．考查副词。句意：打铁花，从字面上看意思是 “击打铁花”，几个世纪以来一直吸引着观众。“literally” 修饰动词“meaning”，表示“从字面上看”，用副词形式作状语。故填 literally。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意：在这场令人惊叹的表演中，铁被加热到 1600 多摄氏度，使得它极其烫。“the irn is heated t ver 1,600℃”是主句，“make it extremely ht”是结果状语，“make”与前面整个句子所描述的情况是主动关系，用现在分词 “making” 作结果状语。故填making。
39．考查定语从句。句意：技艺娴熟的表演者用木棍击打熔融的铁，将阵阵火花抛向高空，这看起来就像一场烟花表演，营造出一种喜庆而激动人心的氛围。先行词是“shwers f sparks”，关系词在从句中作主语，引导非限制性定语从句用 “which”。故填which。
40．考查名词。句意：打铁花起源于北宋时期，在明清时期开始流行。“gained” 是及物动词，后接名词作宾语，“ppular” 的名词形式是 “ppularity”，“gain ppularity” 表示 “变得流行”。故填ppularity。
41．考查形容词。句意：几个世纪以来，它在中国不同地区广泛传播，每个地区都为这种表演增添了自己独特的韵味，形成了各种各样的风格。“styles” 是名词，用形容词“varius/varied”修饰，表示“各种各样的”。故填varius/varied。
42．考查时态语态。句意：2008 年，它被列入中国国家级非物质文化遗产代表性名录，突显了它在保护传统文化方面的重要性。根据 “in 2008” 可知是一般过去时，“it” 指代 “打铁花”，与 “include”是被动关系，即 “被列入”，一般过去时的被动语态是“was/were + 过去分词”，“it”是第三人称单数，用“was included”。故填was included。
43．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：2008 年，它被列入中国国家级非物质文化遗产代表性名录，突显了它在保护传统文化方面的重要性。“significance”是名词，用形容词性物主代词“its” 修饰，表示“它的”。故填its。
44．考查介词。句意：如今，打铁花不仅仍然是一种深受喜爱的娱乐形式，而且还充当了连接过去和现在的桥梁。“serve as”是固定短语，意为 “充当；作为”，符合句子语境。故填as。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：它邀请越来越多的人去探索和欣赏这种令人惊叹的艺术形式，让这一古老的传统保持生机与活力。“invite sb. t d sth.”是固定搭配，“t explre”作宾语补足语，表示“邀请某人做某事”。故填t explre。
46．Ntice
Dear students,
Our schl is rganizing a cmmunity envirnmental vlunteer activity t prmte envirnmental awareness and cleanliness.
The event will take place n Saturday, May 18th, frm 9: 00 a. m. t 12: 00 p. m. at Green Park. Vlunteers wh sign up fr the activity will help clean the park, srt recyclables and educate the public abut envirnmental prtectin. Please wear cmfrtable clthes, bring glves, and fllw safety guidelines.
If yu want t jin and make a difference tgether, yu shuld sign up by May 10 at the schl ffice r email vlunteer@schl.cm.
Student Unin
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代表学生会在校英语报上发布一则通知，通知学生们学校决定组织一次社区环保志愿活动，希望同学们报名参加。
【详解】1.词汇积累
活动：activity→event
促进：prmte→imprve
发生：take place→happen
分类：srt→classify
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Our schl is rganizing a cmmunity envirnmental vlunteer activity t prmte envirnmental awareness and cleanliness.
拓展句：Our schl is rganizing a cmmunity envirnmental vlunteer activity, which aims t prmte envirnmental awareness and cleanliness.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Vlunteers wh sign up fr the activity will help clean the park, srt recyclables and educate the public abut envirnmental prtectin.（运用了wh引导的限定性定语从句）
【高分句型2】If yu want t jin and make a difference tgether, yu shuld sign up by May 10 at the schl ffice r email vlunteer@schl.cm.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
47． “What if we wrk tgether?” I suggested. Everyne agreed immediately. In this way, ur dg-searching team was established. As the captain elected by everyne, I assigned the tasks and search areas t the members. Sme were respnsible fr placing fd in the grass, sme fr building simple dg shelters s that the dg culd find sme warmth n cld nights. Others were asked t search the remte areas f the village. With the Christmas lights twinkling in the late December, every member f ur team was kept busy. Hwever, after three days, we still hadn’t fund the dg.
Suddenly, we gt wrd saying, “It was fund safe and sund.” A neighbr fund the dg in an abandned barn. Hiding in a crner, it watched us silently. It didn’t flee this time. S we tk it t the vet, wh cnfirmed it was in gd cnditin. All f us were cheering when the neighbur wh fund it vlunteered t adpt it. This was really a gd ending fr the dg, but a meaningful start fr us t pay attentin t the strays. At that time, I fund that lng-lst sense f fulfillment. I was n lnger just existing in retirement.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者退休后在乡村居住，一次夜晚散步发现流浪狗并与社区邻居建立团队一起寻找、救助流浪狗的事迹。从此开始关注流浪狗，重新找到了退休后生活的价值和意义，暗示着退休后并非生活的停滞，而是可以有新的方向和目标，有更多的可能性等待去探索和实现。
【详解】1. 段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容““如果我们合作会怎样？”我建议道。”可知，该段可描述作者建议建立一个搜救流浪狗的团队，大家一起分工协作，寻找并救助流浪狗。
②第二段首句内容“突然，我们得到消息说：“它被发现了，安然无恙。””可知，该段可描写在大家的努力下找到了流浪狗，并救助了流浪狗，流浪狗也找到了收养人得到了安置。通过这个事情作者找到了那种失去已久的成就感并从此开始关注流浪狗，为作者的退休生活找到了新的方向和目标。
2. 续写线索: 一起工作建立团队——分配任务，寻找流浪狗——找到流浪狗——救助并找到收养人——开始关注流浪狗——找到退休后生活的新方向
3. 词汇激活：
行为类：
①成立、建立：establish/set up
②找到、发现：find/spt
③逃跑：flee/run away
④确认、证实：cnfirm/identify
情绪类：
①安静地：silently/quietly
②成就感：sense f fulfillment/sense f achievement
【点睛】【高分句型1】Sme were respnsible fr placing fd in the grass, sme fr building simple dg shelters s that the dg culd find sme warmth n cld nights.（运用了以连词s that引导的目的状语从句）
【高分句型2】All f us were cheering when the neighbur wh fund it vlunteered t adpt it.（运用了以连词when引导的时间状语从句和关系代词wh引导的定语从句）
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
D
A
C
D
A
B
B
A
D
A
题号
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
答案
D
C
D
B
B
G
C
A
F
E
题号
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
答案
B
D
D
A
C
B
C
B
A
A
题号
31
32
33
34
35





答案
C
D
C
B
A