【英语】河南省许平汝名校2023-2024学年高二下学期开学试题（解析版）

这是一份【英语】河南省许平汝名校2023-2024学年高二下学期开学试题（解析版），共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Fur Best Plants t Give as Gifts
Chsing a gift fr smene is always a challenge. Giving plants is ne way t try if the recipient is already a plant-lver. Here are sme sure t impress as thughtful gifts.
Jade Plant
The jade plant is a large succulent (肉质植物) that makes a perfect gift fr smene wh’s mastered parenting succulents. With a wdy stem (茎), it lks like a tree nce grwing tall enugh. Besides ccasinal watering and a bright windw, the jade plant has few ther requirements. A gd challenge fr ambitius wners is t regularly cut ff its heavy leaves t reduce weight.
Christmas Cactus
This is a succulent with eye-catching flwers that appear in winter. Yu might assume it a picky plant, but nthing culd be further than the truth. It prefers bright, indirect light and grws well in average ptting sil. This plant prefers a steady watering schedule, especially in winter. T encurage mre grwth, plant it in a hanging cntainer that allws its branches t hang dwn.
Paperwhite
Sme peple just aren’t interested in keeping huseplants arund lng-term, and paperwhite flwers are an excellent gift fr anyne yu knw wh fits this muld. Paperwhites grw frm bulbs (鳞茎) and will prduce flwers ut f seasn. The rts need t be kept relatively damp, but nce they are blming (开花), there’s nt much that can g wrng. They can be replanted utside after they have run their curse.
Crn Plant
The crn plant is frgiving f variable light cnditins and watering rutines. It grws slwly, but can reach a height f fur t six feet, and can make an impressive flr plant. Its leaves turn paler in direct sunlight t reflect the extra light, and darker green in shady cnditins t maximize sunlight absrptin.
1. Which plant requires practised gardening experience?
A. Jade plant.B. Christmas cactus.C. Paperwhite.D. Crn plant.
2. Hw can we help a Christmas cactus grw well?
A. By replanting it utside befre blming.B. By watering it regularly during blming.
C. By cutting ff mst f its heavy leaves.D. By making its branches grw upwards.
3. What affects the clur f leaves f a crn plant?
A. The frequency f watering.B. Its flwering time.
C. Its rate f grwing.D. The amunt f sunlight.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四种最适合作为礼物的植物。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Jade Plant介绍中的第一句“The jade plant is a large succulent that makes a perfect gift fr smene wh’s mastered parenting succulents. (玉石植物是一种大型多肉植物，对于那些精通多肉植物的人来说，这是一个完美的礼物)”可知，Jade plant是一种大型多肉植物，需要熟练的园艺经验。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Christmas Cactus介绍中的第一句“This is a succulent with eye-catching flwers that appear in winter. (这是一种多肉植物，在冬天开着引人注目的花)”和第四句“This plant prefers a steady watering schedule, especially in winter. (这种植物喜欢固定的浇水时间，尤其是在冬天)”可知，在冬季规律浇水能帮助圣诞仙人掌长得好。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Crn Plant介绍中的最后一句“Its leaves turn paler in direct sunlight t reflect the extra light, and darker green in shady cnditins t maximize sunlight absrptin. (它的叶子在阳光直射下变浅以反射额外的光线，在阴暗的条件下变深绿色，以最大限度地吸收阳光)”可知，光照量会影响玉米叶子的颜色。故选D。
B
Creightn is n stranger t the media. He was the face f a TV series, which remains ppular fr its behind-the-scenes lk at the ups and dwns f z life. He was ften stpped n the street, and is regularly called “the man frm the z”.
Creightn’s father and his brther als wrked at Dublin Z. “I dn’t ever remember nt being in the z,” he said.
Creightn’s passin fr animal welfare is clear, and nt smething that has reduced ver the years — fr him, r his father. Just a few hurs earlier he was at the vet’s with his father where their 15-year-ld German shepherd had t be put t sleep. “Fr any zkeeper, lsing an animal is like lsing a part f yurself,” said Creightn. He has been present fr the euthanasia f an ld lin, which reduced many zkeepers there t tears. He was present fr the death f a chimpanzee in her 50s wh bth Creightn and his father had cared fr ver the years. He als described the death f a rhin, which escaped frm a transprt cntainer in 1996, as smething gut-wrenching.
In January 2021, he left Dublin Z and started his wn cnsultancy agency, Glbal Elephant Care. He is wrking n develping elephant care and enclsures (围场) in France, the UK, the US, Israel, Australia and the United Arab Emirates, where elephants will have air cnditining t save them frm the 50-degree heat. He is als wrking n prjects t manage the gradual release f elephants back int the wild, but nevertheless talks straightly abut their situatin. There are abut 40,000 Asian elephants left in the wrld. In an hur, there will prbably be five r six African elephants killed fr their ivry.
Despite the cruel reality fr elephants arund the wrld, with increasing human encrachment (侵占) n their natural habitat, Creightn faces it with a smile.
4. Why is Creightn familiar t media?
A. He was invlved in a TV prgram.
B. He filmed a dcumentary n the peple.
C. He psted his wrk life in the z nline.
D. He was the zkeeper f the ppular z.
5. What des the underlined wrd “gut-wrenching” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. T prud.B. Greatly cheerful.
C. Quite helpless.D. Extremely upset.
6. What is Creightn’s purpse f establishing Glbal Elephant Care?
A. T raise mney t help elephants.
B. T guarantee the elephants’ welfare.
C. T manage the elephants in the wild.
D. T imprve elephants’ living cnditins.
7. What can be used t describe Creightn?
A. Efficient and just.B. Sciable and lyal.
C. Caring and ptimistic.D. Sensitive and mean.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了克里顿这位前动物园工作人员的故事，以及他对动物福祉的深厚情感和他在动物保护方面的工作。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Creightn is n stranger t the media. He was the face f a TV series, which remains ppular fr its behind-the-scenes lk at the ups and dwns f z life.(克里顿对媒体并不陌生，他曾经是某电视剧的主角，该剧通过幕后的视角展示了动物园生活的起起伏伏，至今仍然很受欢迎)”可知，克里顿对媒体并不陌生的原因是他曾经参加过一个电视节目，故选A项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词上文“He has been present fr the euthanasia f an ld lin, which reduced many zkeepers there t tears. He was present fr the death f a chimpanzee in her 50s wh bth Creightn and his father had cared fr ver the years. He als described the death f a rhin, which escaped frm a transprt cntainer in 1996, as(他目睹了一头老狮子的安乐死，这让那里的许多动物园管理员都流下了眼泪。一只50多岁的黑猩猩去世时，克雷顿和他的父亲多年来一直在照顾它。他还将1996年一头从运输集装箱中逃脱的犀牛的死亡描述为)”可知，犀牛从从运输集装箱中逃脱后死亡，这让克里顿感到很难过。由此推知，第三段划线部分的含义为“非常难过的”。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“He is wrking n develping elephant care and enclsures (围场) in France, the UK, the US, Israel, Australia and the United Arab Emirates, where elephants will have air cnditining t save them frm the 50-degree heat. He is als wrking n prjects t manage the gradual release f elephants back int the wild.(他正在法国、英国、美国、以色列、澳大利亚和阿联酋等地致力于大象护理和圈养设施的发展，在这些地方，大象将拥有空调以抵御高达50度的酷热。他还致力于开展逐步释放大象回归野外项目的管理工作)”可推知，建立全球大象护理中心的目的是为了确保大象的福祉，而大象的福祉包括但不限于充足的食物供给、适宜的生活条件和环境、社会结构的维持、安全以及健康。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“He is wrking n develping elephant care and enclsures (围场) in France, the UK, the US, Israel, Australia and the United Arab Emirates, where elephants will have air cnditining t save them frm the 50-degree heat. He is als wrking n prjects t manage the gradual release f elephants back int the wild.(他正在法国、英国、美国、以色列、澳大利亚和阿联酋等地致力于大象护理和圈养设施的发展，在这些地方，大象将拥有空调以抵御高达50度的酷热。他还致力于开展逐步释放大象回归野外项目的管理工作)”可推知，克里顿是一个有关爱之心的人。根据最后一段“Despite the cruel reality fr elephants arund the wrld, with increasing human encrachment (侵占) n their natural habitat, Creightn faces it with a smile.(尽管世界各地的大象面临着残酷的现实，随着人类对其自然栖息地的日益侵占，克里顿还是微笑着面对)”可推知，克里顿是一个乐观的人。故选C项。
C
A new study by researchers at the University f British Clumbia (UBC) and the University f Victria has shwn that cmmn levels f traffic pllutin can damage human brain functin in nly a matter f hurs.
“Fr many decades, scientists thught the brain may be prtected frm the harmful effects f air pllutin,” said senir study authr Dr. Chris Carlsten. “This study, which is the first f its kind in the wrld, prvides fresh evidence supprting a cnnectin between air pllutin and cgnitin.”
Fr the study, the researchers briefly expsed 25 healthy adults t diesel exhaust (柴油废气) and filtered air at different times in a labratry setting. Brain activity was measured befre and after each expsure using functinal magnetic resnance imaging (fMRI).
The researchers analyzed changes in the brain’s default mde netwrk (DMN), a set f inter-cnnected brain regins that play an imprtant rle in memry and internal thught. The fMRI revealed that participants had decreased functinal cnnectivity in widespread regins f the DMN after expsure t diesel exhaust, cmpared t filtered air.
“We knw that altered functinal cnnectivity in the DMN has been assciated with reduced cgnitive perfrmance and symptms f depressin, s it’s cncerning t see traffic pllutin interrupting these same netwrks,” said Dr. Jdie Gawryluk, a psychlgy prfessr at the University f Victria and the study’s first authr. “While mre research is needed t fully understand the functinal impacts f these changes, it’s pssible that they may impair (损害) peple’s thinking r ability t wrk.”
Ntably, the changes in the brain were temprary and participants’ cnnectivity returned t nrmal after the expsure. Dr. Carlsten assumed that the effects culd be lng lasting where expsure is cntinuus. He said that peple shuld be mindful f the air they’re breathing and take apprpriate steps t minimize their expsure t ptentially harmful air pllutants like car exhaust.
8. Hw des traffic pllutin affect peple accrding t the study?
A. Exhausting their bdy.B. Decreasing their incme.
C. Endangering their safety.D. Harming their brain functin.
9. What may the DMN be respnsible fr?
A. Grwth.B. Sprt.C. Memry.D. Behaviur.
10. What can peple d t reduce the impact accrding t Dr. Carlsten?
A. Avid being expsed t the plluted air cnstantly.
B. Be mindful f the air quality in a new city.
C. Measure the brain activity in labratries.
D. Stay inside a huse as ften as pssible.
11. What is the best title fr the text?
A. A Rle Of Brain Will Be Ruined
B. Traffic Pllutin May Impair Brain Functin
C. A Famus UK University Did A Vital Study
D. A Surce Of Pllutin Has Drawn Peple’s Attentin
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究，该研究表明普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“A new study by researchers at the University f British Clumbia (UBC) and the University f Victria has shwn that cmmn levels f traffic pllutin can damage human brain functin in nly a matter f hurs. (英属哥伦比亚大学(UBC)和维多利亚大学的研究人员进行的一项新研究表明，普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。)”可知，交通污染会损害人们的大脑功能。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段“The researchers analyzed changes in the brain’s default mde netwrk (DMN) , a set f inter-cnnected brain regins that play an imprtant rle in memry and internal thught. The fMRI revealed that participants had decreased functinal cnnectivity in widespread regins f the DMN after expsure t diesel exhaust, cmpared t filtered air. (研究人员分析了大脑默认模式网络(DMN)的变化，这是一组相互连接的大脑区域，在记忆和内部思维中起着重要作用。功能磁共振成像显示，与过滤空气相比，接触柴油废气后，参与者DMN广泛区域的功能连通性下降。)”可知，DMN可能负责记忆。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“Dr. Carlsten assumed that the effects culd be lng lasting where expsure is cntinuus. He said that peple shuld be mindful f the air they’re breathing and take apprpriate steps t minimize their expsure t ptentially harmful air pllutants like car exhaust. ( Carlsten博士认为，如果持续接触，这种影响可能会持续很长时间。他说，人们应该注意自己呼吸的空气，并采取适当措施，尽量减少接触汽车尾气等潜在有害空气污染物。)”可知， Carlsten博士认为，人们可以避免经常暴露在被污染的空气中来减少影响。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“A new study by researchers at the University f British Clumbia (UBC) and the University f Victria has shwn that cmmn levels f traffic pllutin can damage human brain functin in nly a matter f hurs. (英属哥伦比亚大学(UBC)和维多利亚大学的研究人员进行的一项新研究表明，普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项新研究，该研究表明普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。故选B。
D
In recent years, studies have suggested hw the bisphenl A (BPA) in sme fd-packaging plastics has been linked t varius health prblems including heart disease and develpmental difficulties in children. Scientists are thus develping a mre harmless alternative, and it’s made frm tmat waste which wuld therwise be gt rid f.
Hwever, BPA is still widely used in the plastic catings which are applied t the inside f metal fd packaging such as cans. These smth waterprf catings help prtect the metal frm crrsin (腐蚀), plus they keep the fd frm sticking t the inside f the cntainer.
Building n previus studies, an internatinal team has researched a type f agricultural waste knwn as tmat pmace. This material typically cnsists f tmat skins, seeds and stems, which are left ver after the fruits have been prcessed fr use in fds such as sauces r juices. Ordinarily, the pmace is simply dumped in a landfill, burned, r at best cmpsted. It may als be used in animal feed, althugh it desn’t have much nutritinal value.
The scientists started by drying tmat pmace — first in the sun fr three days, then in a 60℃ ven fr 16 hurs — after which they grunded it int a pwder. That pwder was subsequently mixed with a sdium hydrxide slutin (溶液), which was then heated at 100℃ fr fur hurs. After repeatedly filtering that slutin t remve the sdium hydrxide, the researchers were left a lipid. That lipid was then mixed int an ethyl alchl slutin which was sprayed nt samples f sme metal. Once the spray had dried and the samples had been heated in a 200℃ ven fr 10 t 60 minutes, the result was a plymerized lacquer cating which prved t be very effective at prtecting the metal.
The scientists nw plan n testing the cating n actual cans. “We wuld take tmat sauce, and ther fds that are usually sld in cans, and we wuld sterilize them, put them in tins and check if they withstand real cnditins,” said a scientist.
12. Which f the fllwing is the mst likely t use the plastic cating?
A. A pt full f water.
B. A cup filled with cffee.
C. A tin cntaining apple juice.
D. An irn bx stuffed with packaged fd.
13. What d we knw abut tmat pmace?
A. It’s used as animal’s fd with rich nutritin.
B. It has been used in the plastic catings.
C. Peple use it t make sauce r juice.
D. Peple usually treat it in many ways.
14. What is mainly talked abut in paragraph 4?
A. Hw the new cating is created.B. Why heating is imprtant.
C. Why high temperature is needed.D. What ther materials are included.
15. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T present a scientific study.B. T intrduce a new material.
C. T shw a cmplex prcess.D. T teach an actual test.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了传统的含有双酚A的涂层会引发健康问题，因此科学家们使用番茄渣制成了一种新型涂层，以解决该问题，接下来研究人员会对该材料展开进一步的测试。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Hwever, BPA is still widely used in the plastic catings which are applied t the inside f metal fd packaging such as cans. These smth waterprf catings help prtect the metal frm crrsin (腐蚀), plus they keep the fd frm sticking t the inside f the cntainer. (然而，双酚A仍被广泛应用于如罐头等金属食品包装内部的塑料涂层。这些光滑的防水涂层有助于保护金属免受腐蚀，还可以防止食物粘在容器内部)”可知，这种塑料涂层是用在如罐头等金属食品包装内部，保护金属免受腐蚀，再结合选项可知，C项“装有苹果汁的罐头”最有可能使用这种涂层。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Ordinarily, the pmace is simply dumped in a landfill, burned, r at best cmpsted. It may als be used in animal feed, althugh it desn’t have much nutritinal value. (通常情况下，番茄渣被简单地倾倒在垃圾填埋场，燃烧，或者最好用于堆肥。它也可以用于动物饲料，尽管它没有太多的营养价值)”可知，番茄渣的处理方式包括：当作垃圾被填埋、燃烧、制作堆肥、制成动物饲料。由此可知，人们通常以多种方式处理它。故选D项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“The scientists started by drying tmat pmace — first in the sun fr three days, then in a 60℃ ven fr 16 hurs — after which they grunded it int a pwder. That pwder was subsequently mixed with a sdium hydrxide slutin (溶液), which was then heated at 100℃ fr fur hurs. After repeatedly filtering that slutin t remve the sdium hydrxide, the researchers were left a lipid. That lipid was then mixed int an ethyl alchl slutin which was sprayed nt samples f sme metal. Once the spray had dried and the samples had been heated in a 200℃ ven fr 10 t 60 minutes, the result was a plymerized lacquer cating which prved t be very effective at prtecting the metal. (科学家们首先将番茄渣晒干——首先在阳光下晒三天，然后在60℃的烤箱里烘烤16个小时——然后将其磨成粉末。随后将粉末与氢氧化钠溶液混合，然后在100℃下加热4小时。在反复过滤该溶液以去除氢氧化钠后，研究人员得到了一种脂质。然后将脂质混合到乙醇溶液中，再将乙醇溶液喷洒到一些金属样品上。一旦喷雾干燥，样品在20℃的烤箱中加热10到60分钟，成果是聚合漆涂层，被证明对保护金属非常有效)”可知，本段具体介绍了科学家们处理番茄渣，将其制成新涂层材料的操作步骤。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Scientists are thus develping a mre harmless alternative, and it’s made frm tmat waste which wuld therwise be gt rid f. (因此，科学家们正在开发一种更无害的替代品，它是由番茄渣制成的，否则这些废弃物就会被处理掉)”可知，文章主要围绕科学家们使用番茄渣制成的一种新型涂层展开，介绍了传统的含有双酚A的涂层会引发健康问题的背景情况，番茄渣这种材料的传统处理方式，并描述了这种新型涂层的制作步骤和效果，以及进一步的研究方向。由此可知，文章的目的是介绍一种新涂层材料。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Overcme the Pst-vacatin Blues
Many peple wh travel n vacatin may find themselves experiencing pst-vacatin blues, als knwn as pst-vacatin depressin. ___16___ Hwever unpleasant it may be, thugh, it can be vercme with sme tips.
Adjust yur sleep schedule ahead f time. Many travelers experience jet lag(时差反应)after traveling, especially if the trip crssed ne r mre time znes. Jet lag can affect yur ability t sleep n a nrmal schedule, making yu distracted after yur vacatin. ___17___ It can help make the transitin back t yur nrmal life a little easier.
___18___ Having a wrk ut rutine that yu stick t while yu’re traveling can help keep yu in shape and reduce stress and tiredness. If yu cntinue that habit after yu return frm yur trip, yur bdy will have a sense f physical stability and release endrphins, which can help fight depressin as well.
Intrduce elements f yur trip int yur daily life. If yu really enjy the cuisine n yur trip, make a pint f learning t ck dishes frm that culture at hme. If yu lve hearing and speaking a freign language, cmmit t taking language r culture classes at a lcal cmmunity cllege. ___19___
Carry reminders f hme while yu travel. ___20___ This may help ease the transitin back int yur nrmal rutine when yu return frm yur trip. Even small, easy-t-pack items like a phtgraph f yur family r sme ther frequently-encuntered bjects can help.
A. Exercise while yu’re n vacatin.
B. Knw what t expect when yu return.
C. Suvenirs can remind yu f the fun time yu had.
D. This cnditin is marked by distress and discmfrt after vacatin.
E. Adapt yurself t yur hme time zne days earlier befre returning.
F. Altgether, keep the excitement f discvery alive wherever yu live.
G. Studies suggest it can help reduce the sense f being in a new envirnment.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. A 19. F 20. G
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法以帮助我们缓解节后综合征的方法。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Many peple wh travel n vacatin may find themselves experiencing pst-vacatin blues, als knwn as pst-vacatin depressin.(许多度假旅行的人可能会发现自己经历了假期后抑郁，也被称为假期后抑郁症。)”可知，很多人都会经历假期后抑郁。选项D“This cnditin is marked by distress and discmfrt after vacatin.(这种情况的特点是度假后感到痛苦和不适。)”延续上文内容，指出假期后抑郁的具体症状。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据空前“Jet lag can affect yur ability t sleep n a nrmal schedule, making yu distracted after yur vacatin.(时差会影响你按正常作息的能力，让你在度假后分心。)”可知，时差会影响我们的正常作息能力，让我们在度假后分心。选项E“Adapt yurself t yur hme time zne days earlier befre returning.(回国前提前几天适应家乡的时区。)”指出我们可以提前适应自己家乡的时区，这样就自然引出下文“It can help make the transitin back t yur nrmal life a little easier.(它可以帮助你更容易地过渡到正常的生活。)”，选项E起承上启下的作用。故选E。
【18题详解】
空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Having a wrk ut rutine that yu stick t while yu’re traveling can help keep yu in shape and reduce stress and tiredness. If yu cntinue that habit after yu return frm yur trip, yur bdy will have a sense f physical stability and release endrphins, which can help fight depressin as well.(当你旅行的时候，有一个你坚持的锻炼计划可以帮助你保持体形，减少压力和疲劳。如果你在旅行回来后继续这个习惯，你的身体会有一种稳定感，并释放内啡肽，这也有助于对抗抑郁症。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是即便我们在旅游，我们也应该坚持锻炼。选项A“Exercise while yu’re n vacatin(度假时锻炼。)”与本段内容相符。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文内容“Intrduce elements f yur trip int yur daily life. If yu really enjy the cuisine n yur trip, make a pint f learning t ck dishes frm that culture at hme. If yu lve hearing and speaking a freign language, cmmit t taking language r culture classes at a lcal cmmunity cllege.(把你的旅行元素引入你的日常生活。如果你在旅途中真的很喜欢当地的美食，那就在家里学习一下当地文化的菜肴。如果你喜欢听和说一门外语，那就去当地的社区大学学习语言或文化课程。)”可知，我们可以在日常生活中注入旅行的元素。选项F“Altgether, keep the excitement f discvery alive wherever yu live.(总之，无论你住在哪里，都要保持发现的兴奋。)”是上文内容的总结，指的是将旅行元素引入我们的日常生活，这样我们就能始终保持一种兴奋感。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据空前“Carry reminders f hme while yu travel.(旅行时随身携带家的提醒。)”可知，作者建议我们离开家的时候带个家中的东西。选项G“Studies suggest it can help reduce the sense f being in a new envirnment.(研究表明，它可以帮助减少在新环境中的感觉。)”延续上文内容，指的是家中的物品可以帮助我们减少在新环境中的不适，从而带来空后“This may help ease the transitin back int yur nrmal rutine when yu return frm yur trip.(当你从旅行回来时，这可能有助于你轻松地过渡到正常的日常生活。)”。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Chiara suffered a strke when she was tw years ld. The disease led t her develping hemiplegia (偏瘫)—a cnditin that causes ____21____ n the right side f her bdy. As she grew up, she was always trying t ____22____ her disabled arm behind her back, afraid f receiving negative ____23____ frm thers.
But a(n)____24____—ne she hadn’t intended t uplad at first because it wuld ____25____ her arm t the public—started her jurney twards becming a vide lgger. “This is the nly pht f me and my grandparents, wh gave me the mst ____26____ but had passed away. I really ____27____ the picture and decided nt t hide it anymre. S I psted it nline,” said Chiara. The ____28____ decisin inspired her t share her experiences with the wrld.
“My ____29____ was always that I lked different, which was quite a hard thing t deal with,” she said. “Unexpectedly, ____30____ getting any unfriendly respnse—I gt numerus ____31____ remarks n the cntrary.”
Pretty sn, she was mre than happy t share mre abut her life and even her ____32____ abut hw t live with nly ne hand as ____33____ as she culd.
Nw she has made vides fr sme charities t ____34____ life fr thse wh are like her. She says, “Peple have said. ‘Yu’ve ____35____ me that my child can be dependent.’”
Lking back, Chiara said she’s really prud f hw far she’s cme.
21. A. marksB. wundsC. weaknessD. pain
22.A. ignreB. hideC. cureD. stretch
23.A. numberB. cnnectinC. cmmentsD. emtins
24.A. fileB. remarkC. essayD. pht
25.A. expseB. intrduceC. cmpareD. limit
26.A. dubtB. affectinC. warningsD. presents
27.A. treasuredB. fearedC. missedD. updated
28.A. uncertainB. curageusC. regretfulD. quick
29.A. rewardB. ambitinC. struggleD. faith
30.A. ahead fB. due tC. ther thanD. instead f
31.A. appreciativeB. casualC. criticalD. ffensive
32.A. reslutinsB. jkesC. tipsD. missins
33.A. cautiuslyB. independentlyC. frequentlyD. peacefully
34.A. think verB. figure utC. rely nD. light up
35.A. cnvincedB. cheatedC. defeatedD. threatened
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了患有偏瘫的Chiara主动分享自己的残疾的照片并鼓励他人的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种疾病导致她患上了偏瘫——一种导致她右侧身体虚弱的疾病。A. marks标记，记号；B. wunds枪伤，伤处；C. weakness虚弱，软弱；D. pain疼痛，伤痛。根据上文“The disease led t her develping hemiplegia (这种疾病导致她患上了偏瘫)”以及常识可知，偏瘫导致她右侧身体虚弱的疾病。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着她的成长，她总是试图把残疾的手臂藏在背后，害怕收到别人的负面评论。A. ignre不理睬；忽视；B. hide隐藏；躲藏；C. cure治愈（病人）；D. stretch变大，拉长。根据下文“afraid f receiving negative ________ frm thers.(害怕收到别人的负面评论)”可知，因为害怕收到别人的负面评论，她总是试图把残疾的手臂藏在背后。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. number号码；B. cnnectin联系；C. cmments评论；D. emtins情绪。根据上文“she was always trying t ________ her disabled arm behind her back (她总是试图把残疾的手臂藏在背后)”可知，因为害怕收到别人的负面评论，她总是试图把残疾的手臂藏在背后。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有一张照片——一开始她并没有打算上传，因为这会让她的手臂暴露在公众面前——开始了她成为视频记录者的旅程。A. file文件；B. remark言论，评述；C. essay短文，论说文；D. pht照片。根据下文“This is the nly pht f me and my grandparents (这是我和祖父母唯一的合影)”可知，这张照片开始了她成为视频记录者的旅程。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. expse暴露，使显露； B. intrduce介绍；C. cmpare比较；D. limit限制。根据上文“ne she hadn’t intended t uplad (一开始她并没有打算上传)”可知，一开始她并没有打算上传，因为这会让她的手臂暴露在公众面前。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我和祖父母唯一的合影，他们给了我最多的爱，但已经去世了。A. dubt怀疑；B.affectin喜爱，关爱；C. warnings警告；D. presents礼物。根据下文“I really ________ the picture and decided nt t hide it anymre.(我真地很珍惜这张照片，决定不再把它藏起来)”可推知，作者的祖父母给了作者最多的爱，所以作者很珍藏这张照片。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真地很珍惜这张照片，决定不再把它藏起来。A. treasured珍惜；B. feared害怕；C. missed错过；D. updated更新。根据上文“This is the nly pht f me and my grandparents, wh gave me the mst ________(这是我和祖父母唯一的合影，他们给了我最多的爱)”可知，作者的祖父母给了作者最多的爱，所以作者很珍惜这张照片。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个勇敢的决定激励她与世界分享她的经历。A. uncertain无把握的；无法确知的；B. curageus勇敢的，有胆量的；C. regretful后悔的；D. quick快的。根据上文“ne she hadn’t intended t uplad at first because it wuld ________ her arm t the public(开始她并没有打算上传，因为这会让她的手臂暴露在公众面前)”以及“I really ________ the picture and decided nt t hide it anymre.(我真的很珍惜这张照片，决定不再把它藏起来)”可知，尽管这张照片会让她的手臂暴露在公众面前，但是作者决定不再把它藏起来，这是一个勇敢的决定。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的挣扎一直是我看起来不一样，这是一件很难处理的事情。A. reward奖励，回报；B. ambitin抱负；雄心；C. struggle奋斗，斗争；D. faith信任，信心，信念。根据上文“The disease led t her develping hemiplegia — a cnditin that causes ________ n the right side f her bdy. (这种疾病导致她患上了偏瘫——一种导致她右侧身体虚弱的疾病)”以及下文“which was quite a hard thing t deal with (这是一件很难处理的事情)”可知，作者的挣扎一直是作者的偏瘫使作者看起来和别人不一样。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，我没有得到任何不友好的回应，相反，我得到了许多赞赏的评论。A. ahead f领先于；B. due t由于，因为；C. ther than 除了，除外；D. instead f代替，而不是。根据下文“I gt numerus ________ remarks n the cntrary. (我得到了许多赞赏的评论)”可知，作者没有得到任何不友好的回应，相反，她得到了许多赞赏的评论。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. appreciative欣赏的，赞赏的；B. casual休闲的，便装的；C. critical批判的，爱挑剔的；D. ffensive无礼的，冒犯的。根据上文“________ getting any unfriendly respnse(我没有得到任何不友好的回应)”可知，作者没有得到任何不友好的回应，而是得到了许多赞赏的评论。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，她就非常高兴地分享了更多关于她的生活，甚至是她关于如何只用一只手尽可能独立生活的秘诀。A. reslutins决心； B. jkes笑话；C. tips秘诀；D. missins任务。根据下文“tips abut hw t live with nly ne hand as ________ as she culd.(甚至是她关于如何只用一只手尽可能独立生活的建议)”以及语境可知，作者分享了关于如何只用一只手尽可能独立生活的秘诀。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. cautiusly谨慎地；B. independently独立地；C. frequently频繁地；D. peacefully平静地。根据上文“live with nly ne hand (只用一只手)”可知，此处表示作者只用一只手尽可能独立生活的秘诀。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，她为一些慈善机构制作视频，为那些像她一样的人点亮生活。A. think ver仔细考虑；B. figure ut弄清楚，弄明白；C. rely n依赖；D. light up点亮。根据下文“fr thse wh are like her.(为那些像她一样的人)”可知，她为那些像她一样的人点亮生活。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你已经使我相信我的孩子可以依赖别人。A. cnvinced使确信，使信服；B. cheated欺骗，哄骗；C. defeated击败，挫败；D. threatened威胁，恐吓。根据上文“Nw she has made vides fr sme charities t ________ life fr thse wh are like her.(现在，她为一些慈善机构制作视频，为那些像她一样的人点亮生活)”以及下文“that my child can be dependent(我的孩子可以依赖别人)”可知，作者使他人相信他们的孩子可以依赖别人。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Placed amng the busy streets f Washingtn, D. C. is a large public garden that many Americans have never heard f. The U. S. Natinal Arbretum (植物园) includes ___36___ cllectin f flwering plants called azaleas, a field f native plants named ferns, and flwering trees in the dgwd tree area. The garden ___37___ (establish) by Cngress in 1927. It plays a leading part in researching and develping plants like trees, shrubs, flwers, and grasses.
Gvernment scientists are in charge f the 180-hectare area. Their main gal is ___38___(strengthen) the U. S. ecnmy by making sure an imprtant kind f agriculture, ___39___ (call) the nursery industry, cntinues t perfrm well. The mst recent numbers frm the U. S. Department f Agriculture (USDA) shw that the rnamental and landscape plant industry creates billins f funds in sales each year.
The arbretum is hme t ne f the ___40___ (large) cllectins f preserved seeds in the wrld. The Natinal Arbretum Herbarium (植物标本) ___41___ (huse) arund 700,000 ex-ample seeds. They include seeds frm plants that the USDA cnsiders as ___42___(ecnmical) imprtant. Scientists cllect many genetically different seeds within a kind f plant frm bth native and nn-native plants. The reasn ___43___ cllecting that data is that scientists prtect plants frm harmful situatins like climate change, changed envirnments, r ther new and pssible risks.
While the scientists d their wrk, the public ___44___ (explre) plants is free t visit the arbretum. Thugh many peple may nt knw it, the arbretum has had a hand in develping a number f plants ____45____ are part f American landscaping.
【答案】36. a 37. was established 38. t strengthen 39. called 40. largest 41. huses 42. ecnmically 43. fr 44. explring 45. that/which
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了华盛顿特区繁忙的街道中间的美国国家植物园。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：美国国家植物园包括一种叫做杜鹃花的开花植物，一种叫做蕨类植物的本土植物，以及山茱萸树地区的开花树木。a cllectin f为固定搭配，意为“一批，一些”。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：国会于1927年建立了这个花园。根据时间状语“in 1927”可知，此处为一般过去时，主语The garden和establish为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was established。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的主要目标是通过确保一种被称为苗圃产业的重要农业继续表现良好来加强美国经济。空处表示主句gal的具体内容，需填动词不定式作表语。故填t strengthen。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，call和an imprtant kind f agriculture为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填called。
【40题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：植物园是世界上保存种子最多的地方之一。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词cllectins，根据“ne f+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”可知，空处应填形容词最高级。故填largest。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：国家植物标本馆收藏了大约70万个样本种子。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为The Natinal Arbretum Herbarium，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填huses。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：其中包括美国农业部认为具有重要经济意义的植物种子。修饰形容词imprtant，需用副词ecnmically，作状语。故填ecnmically。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：收集这些数据的原因是，科学家保护植物免受气候变化、环境变化或其他新的和可能的风险等有害情况的影响。the reasn fr为固定搭配，意为“……的原因”，动名词短语cllecting that data作介词fr的宾语。故填fr。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当科学家们工作时，探索植物的公众可以免费参观植物园。空处需填非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词the public，explre和the public为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填explring。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：虽然很多人可能不知道，但植物园已经参与开发了许多植物，这些植物是美国园林绿化的一部分。空处引导定语从句，先行词a number f plants，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 学校英语俱乐部就“Shuld AI Be Applied t Our Study?”的话题展开辩论赛。请你作为反方一辩，表达你的观点，内容包括：
1. 你方观点；
2. 陈述理由。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hnrable judges and distinguished friends,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank yu!
【参考范文】
Hnrable judges and distinguished friends,
I firmly believe AI shuld nt be applied t ur study. First f all, ver-reliance n AI may lead t a decrease in ur independent thinking ability. Secndly, the applicatin f AI may als bring sme ethical and legal issues. Finally, the applicatin f AI may als limit ur learning and develpment space.
In cnclusin, althugh AI can bring sme cnvenience t ur study, we shuld als cnsider its negative effects. Therefre, I suggest that we use AI reasnably and avid ver-reliance n it.
Thank yu!
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Beth was in hspital with viral pneumnia (肺炎). She felt dwn and she missed her parents terribly, wh were far away in Eurpe n business. She lay in her bed crying when ne nurse came in and recgnized her sadness and lneliness. The nurse lked at the pale little girl wrriedly, knwing that ne f the greatest setbacks t recvery is ften depressin. Like the rest f the medical staff, she was verwrked and culdn’t sit and keep Beth cmpany all the time. Then she had a brilliant idea! Maybe she culd kill tw birds with ne stne! Just at the end f the crridr (走廊), she had a patient wh was just as lnely as Beth...
The nurse walked int Gergiana Halstn’s rm and smiled, “Didn’t yu tell me yu have a granddaughter, Mrs Halstn?” Gergiana, wh was lying n the bed and lking listlessly (没精打采地) ut f the windw, sighed. “Yes. I have a 7-year-ld granddaughter, but she is in Canada. And she hardly calls me, because I dn’t knw what she like and she think it bring t chat with me.”
“Well,” the nurse said. “I have a 7-year-ld dwn the crridr wh is very lnely and needs a friend. I wnder if yu culd cheer her up a bit and be that friend?”
“But my leg hurts,” Gergiana said. “I can’t walk. Yu knw that.”
“I knw that yur dctr want yu ut f bed and t walk arund,” the nurse retrted. “If yu dn’t mve, yu’ll end up bedridden!”
Gergiana had been diagnsed with a frm f bne disease and gt a big peratin. She was still in bed, but she shuld be up t exercise her leg. Hwever, the truth is that she was afraid her leg wuld suffer terrible pain. After the nurse left, Gergiana lay n her bed fr a lng time, feeling sad fr herself. Gergiana lked at the walker next t her bed and sighed. The matter f the lnely little girl haunted her.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then Gergiana picked her walker and headed fr the girl’s rm.
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A while later, the nurse appeared in Beth’s rm.
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【参考范文】
Then Gergiana picked her walker and headed fr the girl’s rm. With great cautin and effrts, Gergiana managed t arrive at Beth’s dr. Gergiana greeted Beth and intrduced herself. Beth was astnished and verjyed at Gergiana’s visiting. They began t talk. Gergiana explained t Beth that her granddaughter lived in Canada and they hardly chatted. She thught maybe Beth culd help her figure ut what they liked t talk abut. Hearing what Gergiana said, Beth lked excited and agreed t help.
A while later, the nurse appeared in Beth’s rm. She was delighted t see Gergiana sitting in the chair by Beth’s bed and happily chatting. In the fllwing days, Gergiana frequently came t and went back frm Beth’s rm. Seeing Gergiana was mving abut and Beth was chattering, the nurse smiled. She thught t herself, “Nthing heals like lve and laughter.” With time passing, Beth and Gergiana’s friendship was sure t be beneficial t bth. Sn, Beth was well enugh t g hme, but she knew she was ging t miss Gergiana. Thanks t Beth’s help, Gergiana’s granddaughter was phning her every day.