江苏省无锡市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试 英语 含解析

这是一份江苏省无锡市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试 英语 含解析，共25页。试卷主要包含了 答案一律写在答题卡上等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项及说明：
1. 试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。
2. 答案一律写在答题卡上。考试结束时，上交答题卡。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the tw speakers?
A. In a café. B. In a museum. C. In the gym.
2. What is the wman gd at?
A. Selling bks. B. Telling stries. C. Drawing pictures.
3. What did the wman dislike abut the mvie?
A. The music. B. The actrs. C. The plt.
4. When will the tw speakers meet tnight?
A. At 7:00 p.m. B. At 7:30 p.m. C. At 8:00 p.m.
5. Why des the wman make the call?
A. T ffer an invitatin. B. T express her regret. C. T put ff a class.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What musical instrument can Einstein play?
A. The vilin. B. The guitar. C. The pian.
7. Hw d sme scientists relax themselves when they feel stressed?
A. By ding research wrk. B. By having a gd sleep. C. By turning t sprts r music.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Mther and sn. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student.
9. Wh is ging t sweep the flr?
A. Dad. B. Tm. C. The rbt cleaner.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Hw ften des Susan g swimming?
A. Every day. B. Once a week. C. Twice a week.
11. What exercise des Susan like best?
A. Running. B. Cycling. C. Swimming.
12. Where will they meet tnight?
A. At the schl gate. B. At the gym gate. C. At the park gate.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why is Drthy ging t Eurpe?
A. T attend training. B. T cnduct research. C. T take a vacatin.
14. Hw lng will Drthy stay in Eurpe?
A. A few days. B. Tw weeks. C. Three mnths.
15. What des Drthy think f her apartment?
A. Expensive. B. Satisfying. C. Incnvenient.
16. What will Jim prbably d?
A. Rent the apartment. B. Buy the apartment. C. Decrate the apartment.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker?
A. A news annuncer. B. A tur guide. C. A factry wrker.
18. Where can peple buy a guide bk in the museum?
A. In its wrkshp. B. In its gift shp. C. In its car park.
19. What is used as a café nw?
A. The engine rm. B. The garden. C. The stne building.
20. What is the speaker intrducing?
A. A river. B. A museum. C. A car park.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Wenchang, Hainan prvince, is famus fr its rich culture and unique trpical island scenery. A series f spacecraft launches have made the castal city a hit amng turists ver the past five years. It will sn be in the sptlight (聚光灯) again after the schedule fr a new missin was fficially released, surely exciting news fr space fans ne and all. Belw are sme tips fr space fans eager t tur the Wenchang regin.
Transprtatin
Visitrs frm utside Hainan can arrive at Haiku Meilan Internatinal Airprt, r at Sanya Phenix Internatinal Airprt at the suthern tip f Hainan island, and then transfer (转乘) t Wenchang via a high-speed lp railway, the nly ne that circles a trpical island in the wrld. It takes bullet trains leaving Meilan, Haiku nly 17 minutes t reach Wenchang statin while a bullet train frm Sanya Phenix takes just ver ne hur. Lcal travel agencies perate turism rutes that take visitrs t fficially appinted viewing pints and ther natural and cultural attractins. Visitrs als have the ptin t turn t app platfrms t rent vehicles t drive t the space launch site and ther turist destinatins n the trpical island.
Best launch views
There are numerus sites and means t watch space launches in Wenchang — n its beautiful sprawling beaches, in paddy fields, n rfs f hmestays r just inside rms f seaside htels. Hwever, frequent visitrs say that sites arund Qishui Bay, which is three kilmeters frm the launch center, are knwn fr ffering the mst impressive views.
1. Why is the high-speed lp railway mentined in paragraph 2?
A. T prve the ppularity f the city f Wenchang.
B. T stress the histry f Wenchang’s transprtatin.
C. T give the reasn fr the increasing number f turists.
D. T shw the uniqueness f Hainan’s transprtatin system.
2. What can be inferred frm the text abut Qishui Bay?
A. It is a new turist attractin in Wenchang.
B. It is the clsest place t the launch center.
C. It ffers the better launch views than ther places.
D It becmes the mst ppular turist destinatin in Wenchang.
3. Wh might be mst interested in the text?
A. Space fans.B. Adventure lvers.C. News reprters.D. Travel agents.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了文昌因航天发射而吸引游客，还为想去文昌旅游的太空爱好者提供了一些旅游小贴士，包括交通和最佳观看发射地点等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Visitrs frm utside Hainan can arrive at Haiku Meilan Internatinal Airprt, r at Sanya Phenix Internatinal Airprt at the suthern tip f Hainan island, and then transfer t Wenchang via a high-speed lp railway, the nly ne that circles a trpical island in the wrld.(来自海南以外的游客可以到达海口美兰国际机场，或海南岛最南端的三亚凤凰国际机场，然后通过高速环岛铁路转乘到文昌，这是世界上唯一一条环绕热带岛屿的高速铁路。)”可知，第二段提到高速环岛铁路是为了展示海南交通系统的独特性，它是世界上唯一一条环绕热带岛屿的高速铁路。故选D项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hwever, frequent visitrs say that sites arund Qishui Bay, which is three kilmeters frm the launch center, are knwn fr ffering the mst impressive views.(然而，经常来访的游客说，距离发射中心3公里的淇水湾周围的景点以提供最令人印象深刻的景色而闻名。)”可知，从文中可以推断出关于淇水湾的是它比其他地方提供了更好的发射景观。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“It will sn be in the sptlight again after the schedule fr a new missin was fficially released, surely exciting news fr space fans ne and all. Belw are sme tips fr space fans eager t tur the Wenchang regin.(在新的任务时间表正式发布后，它将再次成为焦点，这对所有太空迷来说无疑是个令人兴奋的消息。以下是一些渴望游览文昌地区的太空迷的一些建议。)”可知，文章主要是给太空迷一些游览文昌地区的建议，所以太空迷可能对这篇文章最感兴趣。故选A项。
B
Shanghai’s 11-year-ld sailr, Yang Jixin, has made a ntable entry in the sailing recrds by cmpleting the 2024 Rizha-Qingda Island Hpping Race, navigating (横渡) 66 nautical miles, arund 77 miles in the cean. Yang als set a new benchmark (基准) by being the yungest Chinese yuth t cmplete such a lng vyage.
The race, which started n Aug. 10 frm the Rizha Wrld Sailing Base and ended at the Beijing Olympic Sailing Training Base in Qingda n Aug. 13, presented a series f challenges ver its fur- day sailing. Yang, the yungest natinal recrd-hlder fr kayaking (皮艇运动) acrss the Qingzhu Strait, demnstrated her tughness and sailing acumen (敏锐) amng the ht and wet weather, perids f calm, headwinds, and the cmplex interference (干扰) f waves.
The rganizers tk careful steps t ensure the safety f sailrs, carrying ut measures such as maritime rescue, medical supprt, and navigatin mnitring thrughut the event.
Upn her arrival at the Silver Sea Yacht Marina in Qingda, Yang was welcmed by several figures frm the sailing cmmunity, including Dai Zhiqiang, a frmer member f the Chinese Olympic Cmmittee, Vice Chairman f the China Yachting Assciatin, and Principal f the Natinal Sailing Schl. Their presence recgnized the significance f her success.
Dai greeted Yang with a cngratulatry smile and rang the bell in her hnr, a traditinal mark f a successful sailing jurney. His actins reflected the encuragement and supprt fr the up-and-cming generatin f sailrs that Yang represents.
Yang’s achievement is mre than a persnal success. It’s an inspiratin fr yung sailrs and it highlights the ptential fr future develpments in the sprt f sailing. By setting a new recrd fr the yungest Chinese yuth in lng-distance sailing, she has pened drs fr thers t fllw and has shwn that age is n barrier t ambitin and skill. Her jurney acrss the waves will undubtedly encurage thers t map their curses, and t rise t the challenges that lie beynd the knwn shres.
4. Which f the fllwing can best describe Yang Jixin?
A. Determined and skilled.B. Generus and cnfident.
C. Helpful and successful.D. Adventurus and hnest.
5. Why were sme famus figures present when Yang reached the Silver Sea Yacht Marina?
A. T fllw her example.B. T celebrate her achievement.
C. T face challenges with her.D. T ffer her further guidance.
6. What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A. Yang’s suggestins.B. Yang’s ptential.
C. Yang’s ambitins.D. Yang’s influences.
7. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A. The 2024 Rizha-Qingda Island Hpping RaceB. A Yung Sailr’s Inspiring Adventure
C. 11-year-ld Sailr Braving the SeaD. Sailing Challenges Testing Curage
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了11岁的上海帆船运动员杨霁欣完成了2024日照 - 青岛跳岛赛，创造了新的记录，她的成就不仅是个人的成功，还激励着年轻帆船运动员，对帆船运动的未来发展有着积极意义。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Yang, the yungest natinal recrd - hlder fr kayaking (皮艇运动) acrss the Qingzhu Strait, demnstrated her tughness and sailing acumen (敏锐) amng the ht and wet weather, perids f calm, headwinds, and the cmplex interference (干扰) f waves.(杨是穿越琼州海峡皮划艇项目最年轻的全国纪录保持者，在炎热潮湿的天气、平静期、逆风以及复杂的海浪干扰中展示了她的坚韧和航海敏锐性)”可知，杨霁欣在航海过程中面对诸多困难，展现出坚韧不拔的毅力和娴熟的航海技能，可推断出她是坚定且有技能的，故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Upn her arrival at the Silver Sea Yacht Marina in Qingda, Yang was welcmed by several figures frm the sailing cmmunity, including Dai Zhiqiang, a frmer member f the Chinese Olympic Cmmittee, Vice Chairman f the China Yachting Assciatin, and Principal f the Natinal Sailing Schl. Their presence recgnized the significance f her success.(当她到达青岛银海游艇码头时，受到了帆船界几位人士的欢迎，包括中国奥委会前委员、中国帆船帆板运动协会副主席、国家帆船学校校长戴志强等。他们的出现是对她成功的认可)”可知，一些著名人物出现在杨霁欣到达的银海游艇码头是为了庆祝她的成就，故选B项。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Yang’s achievement is mre than a persnal success. It’s an inspiratin fr yung sailrs and it highlights the ptential fr future develpments in the sprt f sailing. By setting a new recrd fr the yungest Chinese yuth in lng - distance sailing, she has pened drs fr thers t fllw and has shwn that age is n barrier t ambitin and skill. Her jurney acrss the waves will undubtedly encurage thers t map their curses, and t rise t the challenges that lie beynd the knwn shres.(杨的成就不仅仅是个人的成功。这对年轻的帆船运动员来说是一种激励，也凸显了帆船运动未来发展的潜力。通过创造中国最年轻青少年长途帆船航海的新纪录，她为其他人开辟了道路，表明年龄不是雄心和技能的障碍。她的航海之旅无疑将鼓励其他人规划自己的航线，并迎接已知海岸之外的挑战)”可知杨霁欣的成就将鼓励其他人规划自己的航线，并迎接已知海岸之外的挑战，可推理出该段主要讲述了杨霁欣的成就所带来的影响，故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Shanghai’s 11-year-ld sailr, Yang Jixin, has made a ntable entry in the sailing recrds by cmpleting the 2024 Rizha-Qingda Island Hpping Race, navigating (横渡) 66 nautical miles, arund 77 miles in the cean. Yang als set a new benchmark (基准) by being the yungest Chinese yuth t cmplete such a lng vyage(上海11岁小水手杨霁歆在航海史上写下浓墨重彩的一笔，她完成了2024年日照到青岛的海岛跳岛赛，航行了66海里，大约海上77英里。杨霁歆还创造了新的纪录，成为完成如此长航程最年轻的中国青年)”、第四段“Upn her arrival at the Silver Sea Yacht Marina in Qingda, Yang was welcmed by several figures frm the sailing cmmunity, including Dai Zhiqiang, a frmer member f the Chinese Olympic Cmmittee, Vice Chairman f the China Yachting Assciatin, and Principal f the Natinal Sailing Schl. Their presence recgnized the significance f her success(当她抵达青岛的银色海洋游艇码头时，杨受到了来自航海界的几位知名人士的欢迎，包括戴志强——他曾是中国奥委会的成员、中国帆协副主席以及国家帆船学校的校长。他们的到来体现了对她这一成就的认可)”以及最后一段“Yang’s achievement is mre than a persnal success. It’s an inspiratin fr yung sailrs and it highlights the ptential fr future develpments in the sprt f sailing. By setting a new recrd fr the yungest Chinese yuth in lng - distance sailing, she has pened drs fr thers t fllw and has shwn that age is n barrier t ambitin and skill. Her jurney acrss the waves will undubtedly encurage thers t map their curses, and t rise t the challenges that lie beynd the knwn shres.(杨的成就不仅仅是个人的成功。这对年轻的帆船运动员来说是一种激励，也凸显了帆船运动未来发展的潜力。通过创造中国最年轻青少年长途帆船航海的新纪录，她为其他人开辟了道路，表明年龄不是雄心和技能的障碍。她的航海之旅无疑将鼓励其他人规划自己的航线，并迎接已知海岸之外的挑战)”可知，文章主要讲述了11岁的杨霁欣完成了2024日照 - 青岛跳岛赛，创造了新的记录并产生积极影响，这是一次鼓舞人心的冒险经历，B项“A Yung Sailr’s Inspiring Adventure(一位年轻帆船运动员鼓舞人心的冒险)”能够概括文章主旨，故选B项。
C
New students at Etn, starting the schl year in September, are nt allwed t take smartphnes with them. Instead, they will each be given a “dumb” Nkia phne that is unable t access the Internet and nly allws calls and texts.
Students might blame the psychlgist Jnathan Haidt, wh ppularised the idea that smartphnes are respnsible fr rising rates f mental health prblems amng yung peple. Teachers at nearly tw-thirds f secndary schls nw say they have rules that prevent students frm using their phnes during the day.
But is there really anything wrng with spending a bit f time watching vides n scial media? Or taking yur phne ut while yu’re in the supermarket queue t see funny news? We might need meaning and purpse and psychlgical richness in ur lives, but surely we need a bit f pleasure t. A study published in April in PLS One fund that spending 20 minutes n scial media r watching vides n YuTube nt nly cntributed t n negative stress respnse, but was assciated with a decrease in bth heart rate and crtisl (皮质醇).
What we get wrng is thinking that we are relaxing just because scrlling (浏览) mindlessly thrugh scial media is unprductive and feels like “time ut”. There is a significant difference between ding things like being with ur lved nes, spending time in nature, r reading a great bk and emtinal numbing (麻木). As the psychiatrist Anna Lembke argues in her bk Dpamine Natin, by endlessly seeking pleasure and stimulatin frm ur smartphne — which she describes as the “mdern-day hypdermic (皮下注射) needle” — we becme addicted t such stimulatin, and find it harder t find jy in ther less immediate things.
But als, by never putting ur phnes dwn and never giving urselves a break frm endless stimulatin, we are nt able t g int the kind f quiet brain state that allws mind-wandering, creativity and deep reflectin.
As we all knw, if yu are nt paying fr it, then yu are the prduct, and businessmen in the marketplace f attentin are cnstantly adjusting the ways in which they ccupy ur brain space. We must learn t get mre creative and intentinal abut the ways we chse t relax urselves and perhaps, even, t enjy sme gd-ld fashined bredm.
8. Why is the schl Etn mentined in paragraph 1?
A. T raise a dubt.B. T explain a phenmenn.
C. T intrduce a tpic.D. T launch a campaign.
9. What des the study published in April in PLS One suggest?
A. Cnstant use f scial media is beneficial t health.
B. Prper use f scial media can reduce stress.
C. Watching YuTube vides increases heart rate.
D. Spending time n scial media has little effect n peple.
10. Why des Anna Lembke describe the smartphne as the “mdern-day hypdermic needle”?
A. Because smartphnes can bring new energy.
B. Because peple rely t much n smartphnes.
C. Because smartphnes might relieve pain quickly.
D. Because peple will get medical help frm smartphnes.
11. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. We shuld pay fr using smartphnes.B. Businessmen ften cntrl ur thinking.
C. Bredm is unacceptable in mdern life.D. We shuld chse ur relaxing ways wisely.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章首先提及伊顿学校禁止新生带智能手机入学，转而提供“哑”诺基亚手机，接着讨论了智能手机对年轻人心理健康的影响，指出过度使用智能手机可能导致的成瘾问题，以及持续刺激对大脑创造力的负面影响。最后，文章强调了学会明智选择放松方式的重要性。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“New students at Etn, starting the schl year in September, are nt allwed t take smartphnes with them. Instead, they will each be given a “dumb” Nkia phne that is unable t access the Internet and nly allws calls and texts.(伊顿公学9月份开学的新生是不允许随身携带智能手机的。取而代之的是，他们每人将得到一部不能上网，只能打电话和发短信的“哑巴”诺基亚手机)”可知，第一段提到了伊顿公学是为了引入一个话题。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“A study published in April in PLS One fund that spending 20 minutes n scial media r watching vides n YuTube nt nly cntributed t n negative stress respnse, but was assciated with a decrease in bth heart rate and crtisl (皮质醇).(今年4月发表在PLS One上的一项研究发现，花20分钟在社交媒体上或在YuTube上看视频不仅不会产生负面的压力反应，而且还能降低心率和皮质醇)”可知，4月份发表在PLS One上的这项研究表明正确使用社交媒体可以减轻压力。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“As the psychiatrist Anna Lembke argues in her bk Dpamine Natin, by endlessly seeking pleasure and stimulatin frm ur smartphne — which she describes as the “mdern-day hypdermic (皮下注射) needle” — we becme addicted t such stimulatin, and find it harder t find jy in ther less immediate things.(正如精神病学家安娜·莱姆克在她的书《多巴胺国度》中所说，通过不断地从我们的智能手机中寻求快乐和刺激——她将其描述为“现代的皮下注射针”——我们对这种刺激上瘾，并且发现很难在其他不那么直接的事情中找到快乐)”可知，Anna Lembke将智能手机描述为“现代的皮下注射针”是因为人们太依赖智能手机了。故选B。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“As we all knw, if yu are nt paying fr it, then yu are the prduct, and businessmen in the marketplace f attentin are cnstantly adjusting the ways in which they ccupy ur brain space. We must learn t get mre creative and intentinal abut the ways we chse t relax urselves and perhaps, even, t enjy sme gd-ld fashined bredm.(我们都知道，如果你不付钱，那么你就是产品，注意力市场上的商人们不断调整他们占据我们大脑空间的方式。我们必须学会在选择放松自己的方式时更有创意，更有意识，甚至可以享受一些老式的无聊)”可知，我们应该明智地选择放松的方式。故选D。
D
Whether yu shp fr fd in a traditinal grcery stre r a big-bx stre, mst f yur ptins are junk fds. Terms n fd packaging like “lw fat,” “gluten-free,” “ket-friendly” and “a gd surce f fiber” dn’t answer the fundamental questin: Is this fd gd fr me? There is little reliable guidance available fr peple wh dn’t have the time, patience r skill t analyze the nutritin labels (标签).
But what we really need is a bld (大胆的) mve that wuld be t prevent peple frm fd that’s bad fr them: a warning sign that a high-sugar sda r breakfast cereal prduct, fr example, is an unhealthy chice.
Chile, Mexic, Brazil and dzens f ther cuntries have wrked t change fd labeling. Research has suggested that these labels can help peple understand nutritinal quality and change their purchasing habits. Finally, the gal f the labels is t imprve nutritin and reduce the cnsumptin f ver-prcessed fds.
After Chile adpted several rules in 2016, researchers fund that the cnsumptin f drinks high in sugar and sdium declined by nearly 25 percent. In Uruguay a survey published in 2020 assessing the early effects f nutritinal warnings fund that 58 percent f participants wh nticed the warning changed their decisins abut buying a prduct. Of thse wh changed their decisins, 17 percent said they chse a similar prduct with fewer warnings, and 18 percent decided nt t buy a similar prduct at all.
In the United States, new labeling laws will be much mre challenging t take effect. As yu might expect, fd prducers will surely try t stp warning labels frm being required. They are arguing that these plans wuld be cstly and that thse csts wuld be passed n t cnsumers. But research cnducted sn after Chile’s fd labeling and advertising law passed shwed n effects n ttal emplyment and negligible effects n wages (工资) and prfit, even as cnsumer cnsumptin f unhealthy fds declined.
T be clear, this is just ne f many steps tward prviding all Americans with a healthy diet. But knwable frnt-f-package labeling is ne f the best levers (杠杆) available t plicymakers, and it is already wrking elsewhere. It can wrk here, t.
12. What des paragraph 1 fcus n?
A. The dubt abut nutritin.B. The prblem with labels.
C. The dubt abut package.D. The prblem with fd.
13. What d the examples f Chile and Uruguay shw?
A. Warning labels can effectively change peple’s buying behavir.
B. Peple in the tw cuntries have better nutritin awareness.
C. Fd prducers there wrk well with the gvernment.
D. The cnsumptin f ver-prcessed fds has been stpped.
14. What des the underlined wrd “negligible” mean in paragraph 5?
A. Obvius.B. Lasting.C. Insignificant.D. Huge.
15. What’s the authr’s attitude twards adpting warning labels in the United States?
A. Unclear.B. Oppsing.C. Dubtful.D. Supprtive.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出消费者当下购买的食物多为垃圾食品，包装标签难以帮助他们判断食物好坏，智利等多国改变食品标签且取得成效，美国实施新标签法遇阻，但有研究表明其负面影响小，应该推行这种措施。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Whether yu shp fr fd in a traditinal grcery stre r a big-bx stre, mst f yur ptins are junk fds. Terms n fd packaging like “lw fat,” “gluten-free,” “ket-friendly” and “a gd surce f fiber” dn’t answer the fundamental questin: Is this fd gd fr me? There is little reliable guidance available fr peple wh dn’t have the time, patience r skill t analyze the nutritin labels (标签). (无论你是在传统的杂货店还是大型商店购买食品，你选择的大部分都是垃圾食品。食品包装上的“低脂肪”、“无麸质”、“适合生酮饮食”和“富含纤维”等字眼并没有回答一个基本问题：这种食物对我有好处吗？对于那些没有时间、耐心或技能来分析营养标签的人来说，几乎没有可靠的指导。)”可知，本段指出食品标签不能有效帮助消费者判断食物是否有益这一问题，强调的是食品标签存在的问题。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“After Chile adpted several rules in 2016, researchers fund that the cnsumptin f drinks high in sugar and sdium declined by nearly 25 percent. In Uruguay a survey published in 2020 assessing the early effects f nutritinal warnings fund that 58 percent f participants wh nticed the warning changed their decisins abut buying a prduct. Of thse wh changed their decisins, 17 percent said they chse a similar prduct with fewer warnings, and 18 percent decided nt t buy a similar prduct at all. (智利在2016年通过了几项规定后，研究人员发现，高糖和高钠饮料的消费量下降了近25%。在乌拉圭，2020年发布的一项评估营养警告早期影响的调查发现，58%注意到警告的参与者改变了购买产品的决定。在那些改变了决定的人中，17%的人说他们选择了警告更少的类似产品，18%的人决定根本不买类似的产品。)”可推知，这些具体的数据和例子表明，食品上的警告标签能够切实有效地影响人们在购物时的选择，从而改变他们的购买行为。故选A项。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“They are arguing that these plans wuld be cstly and that thse csts wuld be passed n t cnsumers. But research cnducted sn after Chile’s fd labeling and advertising law passed shwed n effects n ttal emplyment (他们认为，这些计划成本高昂，而且这些成本将转嫁给消费者。但在智利食品标签和广告法通过后不久进行的研究显示，对总就业没有影响)”和下文“even as cnsumer cnsumptin f unhealthy fds declined (尽管消费者对不健康食品的消费有所下降)”可知，这里有转折，虽然食品生产商反对警告标签，认为这成本高且成本会转嫁给消费者，但实际上影响不大，对工资和利润影响应该是“微不足道的，不值一提的”，画线词意思与insignificant“微不足道的，不显著的”接近。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。作者在文中列举了其他国家实施食品警告标签取得的积极效果，并在最后一段中“But knwable frnt-f-package labeling is ne f the best levers (杠杆) available t plicymakers, and it is already wrking elsewhere. It can wrk here, t. (但是，包装正面可见的标签是政策制定者可用的最佳杠杆之一，而且它已经在其他地方发挥作用。这在这里也行得通。)”指出这一举措在美国应该也是可行的。由此可知，作者对在美国采用警告标签持支持态度。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When it cmes t travelling abrad, many peple chse a grup tur t get the mst ut f their hliday. ____16____ Thankfully, travel expert Dilvin Yasa has shared tips fr that.
Budget accrdingly.
When planning yur grup tur, budgeting is an imprtant factr, as these trips are rarely all-inclusive (包含一切的). ____17____ Extra csts n a grup tur culd include meals, attractins and additinal activities, s please factr ptential csts in.
____18____
Yasa advised against skipping between different destinatins, as strict time limits culd prevent yu frm participating in back t back turs. “If the distances r time between destinatins are nt listed, turn t Ggle Maps t knw hw lng yu’re expected t be n the rad.”
Dn’t arrive at the last minute.
If yu’re in a grup tur, dn’t leave hme until the day when the tur sets ff. “The wrst is missing a cnnecting flight r experiencing delays. ____19____” Yasa said. “Remember t arrive the day befre at the very latest and give yurself a little extra free time at the tail end.”
Keep sme cash n hand.
While mst f yur tur shuld already be paid fr befre yu start, yu shuld always prepare sme cash. Especially when travelling t mre remte lcatins, r visiting smaller fd stands r markets, yu shuldn’t assume everywhere will take card payments. Yasa said, “____20____”
A. Knw yur gegraphy.
B. Try t attend every trip.
C. It’s a gd chice t exchange gds.
D. It’s better t have sme cash n yu at all times.
E. Yu may miss the first r tw f the tur yu’ve paid fr.
F. Add up all the extra csts until yu arrive at yur real figure.
G. Hwever, there are always things t handle befre bking yur trip.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. A 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在预定出国跟团游之前应该准备的一些事务。
【16题详解】
前文“When it cmes t travelling abrad, many peple chse a grup tur t get the mst ut f their hliday. (说到出国旅游，许多人选择跟团旅游来最大限度地利用他们的假期)”提到出国旅游时很多人选择跟团旅游，表明这样有充分利用假期的好处，后文“Thankfully, travel expert Dilvin Yasa has shared tips fr that. (值得庆幸的是，旅游专家Dilvin Yasa分享了这方面的建议)”提到一名旅游专家分享了建议，空处应该与跟团旅游存在的问题相关，因此G项“Hwever, there are always things t handle befre bking yur trip. (然而，在预订旅行之前，总有一些事情需要处理)”符合语境，指出预订旅行前也有事务需处理，和前文构成转折，引出后文的建议。故选G。
【17题详解】
前文“When planning yur grup tur, budgeting is an imprtant factr, as these trips are rarely all-inclusive (包含一切的). (当计划你的团体旅游时，预算是一个重要因素，因为这些旅行很少是全包的)”指出计划团体旅游需考虑预算，后文“Extra csts n a grup tur culd include meals, attractins and additinal activities, s please factr ptential csts in. (团体旅游的额外费用可能包括餐饮、景点和额外的活动，所以请考虑潜在的费用)”说明额外费用具体包括哪些，空处应该是建议计算预计的额外费用，因此F项“Add up all the extra csts until yu arrive at yur real figure. (把所有额外费用加起来，直到你得出你的实际数字为止)”符合语境，承前启后，其中的extra csts在后文有同词复现。故选F。
【18题详解】
后文“Yasa advised against skipping between different destinatins, as strict time limits culd prevent yu frm participating in back t back turs. “If the distances r time between destinatins are nt listed, turn t Ggle Maps t knw hw lng yu’re expected t be n the rad.” (Yasa建议不要在不同的目的地之间跳跃，因为严格的时间限制可能会阻止你参加一个接一个的旅行。“如果目的地之间的距离或时间没有列出，请转到谷歌地图，了解你预计在路上的时间。”)”主要建议了解不同目的地之间的距离和通行时间，避免超出时间限制，空处是段落标题，应该是总的建议了解目的地的地理情况，且需和其他段落标题一样使用祈使句的形式，因此A项“Knw yur gegraphy. (知道你的地理位置)”符合语境，契合后文内容。故选A。
【19题详解】
前文“The wrst is missing a cnnecting flight r experiencing delays. (最糟糕的情况是错过转机或遇到延误)”提到错过转机或遇到延误的糟糕情况，空处依旧是Yasa所说的话，应该与这些糟糕情况的后果有关，因此E项“Yu may miss the first r tw f the tur yu’ve paid fr. (你可能会错过你已经付过钱的前一两个行程)”符合语境，表明这样会错过行程，承接前文。故选E。
【20题详解】
前文“Especially when travelling t mre remte lcatins, r visiting smaller fd stands r markets, yu shuldn’t assume everywhere will take card payments. (特别是当你去偏远的地方旅行，或者去较小的小吃摊或市场时，你不应该认为所有地方都接受信用卡支付)”指出有些地方可能无法用信用卡支付，空处是Yasa所说的话，位于段末，应该是给出应对这种情况的建议：随身携带现金，因此D项“It’s better t have sme cash n yu at all times. (随身带点现金比较好)”符合语境，承接前文。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用（共四节，满分45分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 2011 ur hme was surrunded with fld waters. Althugh we’d been thrugh many flds befre, this time the water was much higher.
We watched as the muddy water cvered ur ____21____ beehives (蜂箱). I can’t explain the depth f ur ____22____. There was nthing we culd d fr them. My husband and I held each ther and cried as we watched the heavy beehives ____23____.
At first, ur 29 hens were ____24____ in the hen huse lcated n a slight rise. But suddenly we heard ____25____ squawking (咯咯叫). Our chickens ____26____ danger as the fld waters rse clse t their hme. Their squawking became very ____27____. Suddenly we saw a small dinghy (救生艇) with tw strangers rwing twards us. Thanks t them, the chickens were ____28____ taken t ur tractr shed (棚).
It was clse t egg laying time, and the shed was warm and ____29____ despite the rain. We used the left-ver bxes as nests fr them t lay their eggs.
Hwever, twenty-fur hurs and a large amunt f chicken p later, these ladies _____30_____ in chrus. The shed _____31_____ sufficient space fr cmfrtable resting at night. Thankfully, the fld waters _____32_____ befre there was a ttal revlt (反叛)! While they were _____33_____ nesting back, it tk us many days t clean the shed — it is amazing just hw much _____34_____ 29 hens can make!
We will be frever grateful fr the _____35_____ f the tw strangers.
21. A. preciusB. emptyC. cleanD. rdinary
22. A. happinessB. guiltyC. hpelessnessD. pressure
23. A. shakeB. riseC. disappearD. explde
24. A. endangeredB. healthyC. panickedD. safe
25. A. excitedB. frightenedC. delightedD. cnfused
26. A. imaginedB. sensedC. missedD. avided
27. A. ludB. pleasantC. tuchingD. weak
28. A. easilyB. calmlyC. hesitantlyD. hurriedly
29. A. quietB. narrwC. tidyD. dry
30. A. laughedB. cheeredC. cmplainedD. applauded
31. A. lackedB. pssessedC. cntainedD. ccupied
32. A. rse upB. went dwnC. held upD. slwed dwn
33. A. happilyB. energeticallyC. unwillinglyD. prudly
34. A. niseB. prgressC. messD. peace
35. A. giftB. respectC. planD. kindness
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者家遭遇洪水，蜂箱被淹，母鸡面临危险，幸好有两位陌生人相助，最终母鸡得救，洪水退去，作者对陌生人的善举心怀感激的故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们眼睁睁地看着浑浊的洪水淹没了我们珍贵的蜂箱。A. precius珍贵的；B. empty空的；C. clean干净的；D. rdinary普通的。根据下文“My husband and I held each ther and cried”可知作者和丈夫相拥而泣，可推理出蜂箱在他们内心里是珍贵的，故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我无法形容我们绝望的程度。A. happiness幸福；B. guilty内疚；C. hpelessness绝望；D. pressure压力。根据下文“There was nthing we culd d fr them. My husband and I held each ther and cried”可知作者和丈夫无能为力，只能相拥而泣，可推理出，蜂箱被淹他们内心是绝望的，故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和丈夫相拥而泣，眼睁睁看着沉重的蜂箱消失不见。A. shake摇晃；B. rise上升；C. disappear消失；D. explde爆炸。根据下文“There was nthing we culd d fr them. My husband and I held each ther and cried”可知作者和丈夫无能为力，只能相拥而泣，可推理出蜂箱被洪水淹没，所以是看着蜂箱消失，故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，我们的29只母鸡在地势稍高的鸡舍里是安全的。A. endangered濒危的；B. healthy健康的；C. panicked惊慌的；D. safe安全的。根据下文“taken t ur tractr shed”可知下文说的是母鸡被带到拖拉机棚子，所以母鸡一开始是安全的，故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但突然我们听到惊恐的咯咯叫声。A. excited兴奋的；B. frightened惊恐的；C. delighted高兴的；D. cnfused困惑的。根据下文“the fld waters rse clse t their hme”可知洪水逼近鸡舍，鸡感受到了危险，所以叫声应该是惊恐的，故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当洪水涨到接近它们的家时，我们的鸡感觉到了危险。A. imagined想象；B. sensed感觉到；C. missed错过；想念；D. avided避免。根据上文“squawking”可知上文说的是鸡在咯咯叫，所以是鸡感觉到了危险，故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们的咯咯叫声变得非常响亮。A. lud大声的；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. tuching感人的；D. weak虚弱的。根据下文“the fld waters rse clse t their hme”可知洪水逼近鸡舍，因为鸡感觉到了危险，所以叫声会很响亮，故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：多亏了他们，鸡被匆忙地带到了我们的拖拉机棚里。A. easily容易地；B. calmly冷静地；C. hesitantly犹豫地；D. hurriedly匆忙地。根据上文“Suddenly we saw a small dinghy (救生艇) with tw strangers rwing twards us”可知上文说的是作者看到了两个陌生人划着救生艇过来了，可推理出情况紧急，所以鸡是被陌生人用救生艇匆忙带到棚里的，故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：快到下蛋的时候了，尽管在下雨，棚子里还是又暖和又干燥。A. quiet安静的；B. narrw狭窄的；C. tidy整洁的；D. dry干燥的。根据下文“despite the rain.”可知下文说的是尽管下雨，可推理出此处说的是棚子里是干燥的，故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，24小时后，大量鸡粪产生，这些母鸡齐声抱怨。A. laughed笑；B. cheered欢呼；C. cmplained抱怨；D. applauded鼓掌。根据下文“sufficient space fr cmfrtable resting at night”可知下文说的是足够的供它们晚上舒适地休息的空间，可推理出这些母鸡是因为争夺供它们晚上舒适地休息的空间而齐声发牢骚，故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个棚子缺乏足够的空间供它们晚上舒适地休息。A. lacked缺乏；B. pssessed拥有；C. cntained包含；D. ccupied占据。根据下文“befre there was a ttal revlt (反叛)!”可知下文说的是在它们完全造反之前，可推理出此处说的是这个棚子缺乏足够的空间供它们晚上舒适地休息，故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：谢天谢地，洪水在完全引发反叛之前就退去了。A. rse up上升；B. went dwn下降；C. held up举起；D. slwed dwn减速。根据下文“it tk us many days t clean the shed”可知，下文说的是花了多天的时间清理棚子，可推理出此处说的是洪水退去了，B项“went dwn下降”表达的含义符合语境，故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当它们高兴地重新回窝时，我们花了很多天来打扫鸡舍。A. happily高兴地；B. energetically精力充沛地；C. unwillingly不情愿地；D. prudly骄傲地。根据下文“nesting back”可知下文说的是回窝休息，可推理出母鸡们高兴地回到原来的地方，故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：29只母鸡能制造出这么多的混乱真是令人惊讶！A. nise噪音；B. prgress进步；C. mess混乱；D. peace和平。由上文“it tk us many days t clean the shed”可知作者花了多天的时间清理棚子，可推理出母鸡们制造了很多混乱，故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们将永远感激这两位陌生人的善意。A. gift礼物；B. respect尊重；C. plan计划；D. kindness善意。根据上文“Thanks t them, the chickens were… taken t ur tractr shed (棚).”可知陌生人帮助把鸡带到安全的地方，所以作者感激他们的善意，故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With a life mstly spent in perids f scial turmil (动乱) and war, master artist Qi Baishi ften expressed a lnging fr peace, stability and prsperity. Althugh times have changed ____36____ (dramatic) since then, peple tday are still tuched by the jyus atmsphere ____37____ psitive attitude twards life shwn in Qi’s wrks.
The Art Museum f the Beijing Fine Art Academy is shwing ____38____ selectin f Qi’s ink-clr paintings and calligraphic scrlls in ____39____ (it) cllectin t celebrate the Chinese Lunar New Year. Wrks n ____40____ (exhibit) include Sui Zha Tu, a scrll painting ____41____ adpts a particular style f classical Chinese artwrk. The style f Sui Zha Tu paintings, ____42____ (make) t celebrate Spring Festival, ____43____ (becme) ppular in the ryal curt f the Sng Dynasty (960 — 1271).
The paintings illustrate blming plants in anticipatin f spring as well as cultural bjects, such as incense burners (香炉), ____44____ (suit) the high-end tastes f nblemen and intellectuals. It was Qi that refrmed the style t make it ______45______ (access) t rdinary peple by painting everyday bjects such as red lanterns, firewrks and cabbages. The shw ends n April 5.
【答案】36. dramatically
37. and 38. a
39. its 40. exhibitin
41. which##that
42. made 43. became
44. suiting
45. accessible
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为庆祝中国农历新年，北京画院美术馆推出的齐白石系列水彩画与书法卷轴展。
36题详解】
考查副词。句意：虽然时代已经发生了巨大变化，但今天的人们仍然被他作品中所表现出的欢乐气氛和积极的生活态度所感动。空处修饰动词changed，应用dramatic的副词形式dramatically，意为“剧烈地，明显地”。故填dramatically。
【37题详解】
考查连词。句意：虽然时代已经发生了巨大的变化，但今天的人们仍然被他作品中所表现出的欢乐气氛和积极的生活态度所感动。空处连接前后两个名词短语the jyus atmsphere和psitive attitude twards life，两者之间是并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：为庆祝中国农历新年，北京画院美术馆展出了其收藏的一组齐白石的水墨画和书法卷轴。空处表示泛指，意为“一组水墨画和书法卷轴”，应用不定冠词，且selectin的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
【39题详解】
考查代词。句意：为庆祝中国农历新年，北京画院美术馆展出了其收藏的一组齐白石的水墨画和书法卷轴。空处修饰名词cllectin，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：展出作品包括《岁朝图》，这是一幅具有中国古典艺术独特风格的卷轴画。空处作n的宾语，应用exhibit的名词形式exhibitin，意为“展览”，短语n exhibitin意为“在展览中”。故填exhibitin。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：展出的作品包括《岁朝图》，这是一幅具有中国古典艺术独特风格的卷轴画。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词painting，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that作引导词。故填which/that。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：岁朝图的风格是为庆祝春节而画的，在宋朝（960年至1271年）的皇家宫廷中开始流行。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作style的后置定语，make“制作”和style逻辑上是被动关系，且动作已完成，因此用make的过去分词形式。故填made。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：岁朝图的风格是为庆祝春节而画的，在宋朝（960年至1271年）的皇家宫廷中开始流行。空处作句子的谓语，根据“the Sng Dynasty”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填became。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些画描绘了期待春天的盛开的植物，以及香炉等文化物品，符合贵族和知识分子的高雅品味。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，suit“符合”和The paintings逻辑上是主动关系，因此用suit的现在分词形式，作状语。故填suiting。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：正是齐白石改革了这一风格，通过画红灯笼、烟花和卷心菜等日常物品，使普通人也能接触到它。空处作宾语补足语，access的形容词形式accessible符合题意，意为“可接近的”。故填accessible。
第三节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
46. Jackie Chan is an ______ (influence) actr in actin films. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】influential
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：成龙是动作片中很有影响力的演员。修饰名词actr用influence的形容词influential，作定语，意为“有影响力的”。故填influential。
47. While the math prblem was ______ (incredible) difficult, Jhn managed t wk it ut. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】incredibly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：虽然这道数学题很难，约翰还是把它解出来了。空处修饰形容词difficult，应用incredible的副词形式incredibly，意为“非常地”，作状语。故填incredibly。
48. Jack didn’t ride t schl yesterday mrning, because his bike ______ (repair) then. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】was being repaired
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：杰克昨天早上没有骑车去学校，因为他的自行车当时正在修理。主语bike与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文yesterday mrning可知表示过去某个时刻正在发生，用过去进行时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，谓语用单数。故填was being repaired。
49. The fingerprint ______ (recgnize) system is widely applied in China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】recgnitin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：指纹识别系统在中国广泛应用。根据空后名词system可知，此处需要一个形容词或名词作定语，修饰system。所给词为动词，是“识别”的意思，其形容词形式应为recgnizing，修饰system时相当于现在分词作定语，但此时表示的是正在发生或进行的动作，而本题想表达的并不是系统正在发出识别这个动作，而是说明这个系统的特点或功能，因此不应用recgnizing。名词recgnitin作定语时，可表示被修饰名词的特点或功能。故填recgnitin。
50. With n evidence, Tm refused t acknwledge ______ (destry) the statue. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】destrying
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词句意：由于没有证据，汤姆拒绝承认毁坏了雕像。固定短语acknwledge ding sth.“承认做了某事”，应用动名词，作宾语。故填destrying。
51. As an enthusiast f running, Jack ______ (run) in the park at six ’clck tmrrw mrning. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will be running
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：作为一个跑步爱好者，杰克明天早上6点钟正在公园跑步。根据后文at six ’clck tmrrw mrning可知为将来进行时，故填will be running。
52. In making a ______ (cmpare), we fund that this methd is cst-effective. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】cmparisn
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：通过比较，我们发现这种方法是划算的。空处作making的宾语，cmpare的名词形式cmparisn符合题意，意为“比较”，且空前有不定冠词a，cmparisn应用单数形式。故填cmparisn。
53. Nwadays thse wh fail t find jbs rely n their parents fr ______ (finance) assistance. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】financial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如今，那些找不到工作的人依靠父母的经济援助。根据空后的名词assistance可知，此处使用形容词financial“财政的，金融的”，作定语。故填financial。
54. We culd slve students’ cmmn eye prblems by ensuring sufficient ______ (expse) t nature. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】expsure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们可以通过确保充分接触大自然来解决学生常见的眼睛问题。空处作ensuring的宾语，被sufficient修饰，expse的名词形式expsure符合题意，意为“接触”，是不可数名词。故填expsure。
55. ______ (lad) with china, silk, tea and ther treasures as gifts fr freign rulers, the fleet paid friendly visits t mre than 30 cuntries and regins. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Laded
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：船队载着瓷器、丝绸、茶叶等珍品，先后对30多个国家和地区进行了友好访问。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，短语be laded with意为“装载着”，lad和the fleet逻辑上是被动关系，因此用lad的过去分词形式，作状语，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Laded。
第四节（共5题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据要求翻译句子。
56. 我们学校想了很多有效的方法来全力保护学生眼睛。（g t great lengths t d）(汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Our schl has cme up with many effective ways t g t great lengths t prtect students’ eyes.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、固定短语和非谓语动词。表示“我们学校”用ur schl，作主语，句首单词首字母大写。表示“想出”用cme up with，表示已经完成的动作，时态用现在完成时，主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has。way t d sth.“做某事的方法”，表示“很多有效的方法”用many effective ways t d sth.，作宾语。表示“竭尽全力去做某事”用g t great lengths t d sth.，用不定式作ways的定语。表示“保护学生眼睛”用prtect students’ eyes，用不定式，作目的状语。故翻译为：Our schl has cme up with many effective ways t g t great lengths t prtect students’ eyes.
57. 每当战争爆发，世界就会处于一片混乱。（in chas）（汉译英）
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Whenever a war breaks ut, the wrld will be in chas.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和短语。表示“每当”应用whenever引导时间状语从句，表示“战争”应用名词war，表示“爆发”应用动词短语break ut，在时间状语从句中，应用一般现在时表示将来。表示“处于一片混乱”应用介词短语in chas，主句中表示“将会”应用一般将来时。再结合其它汉语意思，故翻译为Whenever a war breaks ut, the wrld will be in chas.。
58. 一想到她的家乡，玛丽潸然泪下。(at the thught f) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】At the thught f her hmetwn, Mary burst int tears.
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语、动词短语和名词。句子应该是描述过去发生的事情，时态宜用一般过去时；“一想到”可用介词短语at the thught f，其宾语“她的家乡”可用名词短语her hmetwn，主语“玛丽”用名词Mary，谓语“潸然泪下”可用动词短语burst int tears。故可译为：At the thught f her hmetwn, Mary burst int tears.
59. 皮特不久就要去非洲了。（nt lng…befre…）(汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】It will nt be lng befre Peter ges t Africa.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。表示“不久就要……”应使用句型“It will nt be lng befre..”，其中“befre”引导的时间状语从句表示将来的某个时间点，从句主语“皮特”译为Peter，“去非洲”翻译为g t Africa，主句使用一般将来时，而从句则使用一般现在时来表示将来的动作，且主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用单数第三人称形式。故翻译为It will nt be lng befre Peter ges t Africa。
60. 人类应该和大自然和谐相处，这一点很重要。(非限定性定语从句) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Humans shuld live in harmny with nature, which is very imprtant.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句、名词、动词短语和形容词。整个句子可处理为主从复合句；主句“人类应该和大自然和谐相处”中主语“人类”可用名词humans，“应该”可用情态动词shuld，“和……和谐相处”可用动词短语live in harmny with，情态动词后live应用原形，“大自然”应用名词nature；“这一点很重要”可用关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句，对前面整个句子作补充说明，which在从句中作主语，此处在介绍一般性的事实，时态宜用一般现在时，“重要”可用系动词is和形容词imprtant搭配，构成系表结构，“很”可用副词very，修饰形容词imprtant。故可译为：Humans shuld live in harmny with nature, which is very imprtant.
第四部分 写作（满分25分）
61. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Mm, please, please,” I begged. “Please, by myself?” I had never made ckies by myself befre. As a nine-year-ld girl, I was ld enugh t d a lt f things.
“Alana is ging t ck? Alne?” my brther, Caleb, asked with a laugh. “That is ging t be a disaster!” Caleb used big wrds t act lder and smarter than me. Having a big brther can be annying. My parents lked at each ther. My dad lwered his eyebrws. Wuld they let me d it? I held my breath.
“OK,” Mm said. “But Alana, please take yur time. And be careful.”
I raced t the kitchen and went t wrk. I laid ut everything I wuld need. I brke three eggs int a bwl and added in sme flur and butter. Using an electric mixer was easy. I had dne it with Mm a millin times befre. I turned n the mixer at medium speed — and wha. Wha. Wha! “WHOA!” I cried. What a disaster! I had t wipe batter (面糊) ff my face, then ff the cupbard and flr.
“Yuck! Alana’s a mess! Alana’s a mess!” my brther laughed.
“Caleb, yu just get ut f here,” I yelled, waving a spn. “Leave me alne.”
Caleb laughed and walked away. I shk my head and turned back t the mixing bwl. I started again. Referring t the recipe, I added a little f this and a little f that int the bwl, placed the little runded dugh (面团) balls nt the pan and put it int the ven. After a while, I lked inside the ven, and my heart sank. The neat, little batter melted int a huge, gluey puddle (水坑) that was flwing t the edges f the pan. UGH! I pulled the pan ut f the ven just as Caleb walked back int the kitchen.
“What in the wrld?” He started t laugh. “Ckie sup?”
“Yu just be quiet,” I whispered, tears rlling dwn my cheeks. “Just leave me alne.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My brther lked at me fr a lng minute.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Oh, Alana, yu did it. All by yurself?” my mm asked, smiling.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
My brther lked at me fr a lng minute. Then he stpped laughing. “Hey, it’s kay,” he said sftly. “Let’s figure this ut tgether.” I was surprised. I had expected mre teasing. He picked up the recipe and studied it carefully. “I think yu added t much liquid,” he said. “Let’s try again and measure everything precisely.” With his help, we prepared the dugh nce mre, making sure every ingredient was just right. This time, when we put the pan int the ven, I felt mre cnfident.
“Oh, Alana, yu did it. All by yurself?” my mm asked, smiling. I was abut t say n when Caleb cut in. “Yes, she did. I just gave a little help at the end. Alana wrked really hard.” I lked at him in gratitude. Mm tk ut the perfectly baked ckies. They smelled delicius. Dad came in, and we all sat arund the table, enjying the ckies. I was s happy. Nt nly had I made ckies, but I als learned that even thugh having a big brther can be annying smetimes, he can als be a great helper when yu need him mst.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了九岁的作者请求独自做曲奇饼干，哥哥Caleb嘲笑这会是一场灾难，但父母最终同意。作者在厨房开始制作，过程中状况百出，先是面糊溅得到处都是，后来烤出的曲奇不成形，变成了“曲奇汤”，作者难过得落泪。哥哥看到后不再嘲笑，而是帮作者分析问题，一起重新制作。最后曲奇成功出炉，妈妈夸赞作者，哥哥也维护作者，一家人开心地分享曲奇，作者不仅成功做出曲奇，还体会到哥哥也会在需要时给予帮助。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我哥哥看了我很长一分钟”可知，第一段可描写哥哥不再嘲笑作者，而是安慰作者，帮助作者分析失败的原因，然后两人一起仔细地制作曲奇。
②由第二段首句内容“‘哦，Alana，你做到了。一个人吗？’妈妈笑着问”可知，第二段可描写哥哥回答妈妈的问题，表示作者很能干，然后一家人一起分享曲奇，作者为自己成功做成曲奇感到高兴，也明白了哥哥会帮助自己。
2. 续写线索：哥哥看着作者——哥哥安慰作者，分析原因——两人一同做曲奇——作者完成曲奇——哥哥表扬作者——作者的感受
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①弄清楚：figure ut/wrk ut/find ut
②预期：expect/anticipate
③研究：study/research/lk int
④提供：give/ffer/prvide
情绪类
①惊讶的：surprised/amazed
②感激：gratitude/gratefulness
③高兴的：happy/delighted/glad
【点睛】[高分句型1] With his help, we prepared the dugh nce mre, making sure every ingredient was just right. (现在分词短语作状语、that引导宾语从句并被省略)
[高分句型2] Nt nly had I made ckies, but I als learned that even thugh having a big brther can be annying smetimes, he can als be a great helper when yu need him mst. (部分倒装、nt nly… but als…结构、that引导宾语从句、even thugh引导让步状语从句、when引导时间状语从句)