河南省许昌市2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题【含答案】

这是一份河南省许昌市2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题【含答案】，共16页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）
Here are fur student pdcasts (播客) that ffer a glimpse int the minds f students and what they say abut news cncerning climate in their cmmunities — and what they hpe t d abut it.
Behind the Scenes f the Msquit Fire
In a 10-episde series, a sixth-grade class at the Gergetwn Schl f Innvatin in Gergetwn, Calif., shares stries frm the damaging Msquit Fire in 2022. This grup f eight students asks tw firefighters frm the Gergetwn Fire Department what it’s like t fight fires and prtect lved nes in their hmetwn.
Fires: Set Ablaze
At Chautauqua Elementary, the Vashn fifth-graders talk abut the far-reaching and lasting impact f wildfires and wildfire smke — and the direct effects n their lives, like waiting fr the schl bus n a smky day. The students als interview experts and share their research n wildfire precautins (预防措施).
Flwing Thrugh Time
In this pdcast frm Peak Academy, a grup f eight middle schlers reprts n dealing with water shrtages in Bzeman, Mntana. They trace the histry f their grwing hmetwn’s water supply, which has been dependent n muntain snwmelt. As that surce becmes less reliable in a warming wrld, the students turn t the grwn-ups t ask what they can d t cnserve water.
Washed Away
The deadly flding in eastern Kentucky last year frever changed the lives f high schlers Ryley Bwman, Carlina Jhnsn and Hunter Nble. The three classmates at Mrgan Cunty High Schl in West Liberty, Ky., share firsthand accunts f their wn and their family’s experiences during the flds.
1．Wh shws interest in firefighters’ stries?
A．Peak Academy students.B．Chautauqua Elementary students.
C．Mrgan Cunty High Schl students.D．Gergetwn Schl f Innvatin students.
2．Which pdcast shws cncern fr water cnservatin?
A．Washed Away.B．Fires: Set Ablaze.
C．Flwing Thrugh Time.D．Behind the Scenes f the Msquit Fire.
3．What d Fires: Set Ablaze and Washed Away have in cmmn?
A．They cnsult experts’ research results.
B．They explre the causes f climate change.
C．They share students’ persnal experiences.
D．They discuss precautins fr natural disasters.
“I’ve never picked the jbs I’ve dne in my life,” says Mark Sadler, wh spent 20 years wrking at the Lndn undergrund. But when he retired, he became a lifeguard.
Three years ag, Sadler was giving bld when he felt chest pain. He says, “The dctr asked: ‘D yu drink?’ Yeah, prbably t much. ‘D yu smke?’ Yes. They culd see by my size that I ate t much.” Then Sadler stpped smking and drinking.
“I’ve always had t earn as much as I can t prvide fr my family,” Sadler says. At the undergrund, he lked after the engineering fleet (工程车队). He wrked 10-t 12-hur days, and ften returned t visit the tunnels at night. “If I gt the call at 1, I’d be n the g at1: 15.”
He regards his wife and tw daughters as “always the mst imprtant thing in my life”, but while he wrked, “they were wrapped in clingfilm (保鲜膜)”. He means he culd see them, but they were in a separate wrld. That’s why Sadler made his daughters, by then adults, an ffer. “I tld them: ‘If yu have a child, I will becme a full-time grandparent.’” Fr the past cuple f years, he has cmbined caring fr his granddaughter with lifeguarding very well. Being a grandparent, he says, has shwn “hw much I missed” as a father.
Nw he is part f a cmmunity. “In my ld jb, I used t say t everyne: ‘Every day yu’re learning.’ I feel that even mre nw that I’ve gt t 60. I’m ding smething that I chse. I can balance my jb with my wife and family. It is everything I want.”
4．What made Sadler change his lifestyle?
A．A health prblem.B．Pursuit f an ideal jb.
C．An accident at the undergrund.D．Financial pressures frm his family.
5．What was Sadler’s experience like while wrking at the undergrund?
A．It ffered him flexibility.B．It was physically dangerus.
C．It was assciated with stress.D．It allwed him t travel the wrld.
6．Why did Sadler decide t becme a full-time grandparent?
A．T escape jb-related burnut.B．T enjy his retirement.
C．T challenge himself.D．T fcus n family.
7．Hw des Sadler feel abut his career shift?
A．Regretful.B．Nervus.C．Relieved.D．Satisfied.
Humans are cnstantly lking fr better slutins t the prblems we face in ur daily lives. One new schl f thught suggests that answers can be fund in nature. This idea is called “bimimicry.”
Bimimicry prpses that if ther rganisms have already fund a slutin t a prblem, we can cpy that slutin instead f starting frm the beginning.
Bimimicry uses the vast develpment we’ve made in science and technlgy. Take, fr instance, the challenge f keeping a building clean withut using txic (有毒的) chemicals. A team f German scientists lked at a ltus (莲花) leaf under a micrscpe, and they discvered the surface f the leaf was cvered with muntains. The tiny peaks stpped dirt particles (微粒) frm sticking t the leaves’ surface. They als made raindrps frm int balls. As the drps rlled ff the leaf, they lifted the dirt and carried it away. They scientists develped a type f paint based n the structure f the ltus leaf, which has a similar “muntainus” surface when it dries. When the paint is used n the utside f buildings, rainwater washes the dirt away.
Anther imprtant idea in bimimicry is that humans shuld try t cpy the way that natural systems wrk. Mst mdern kitchen cabinets are made with glue that cntains a txic chemical. A scientist named Dr. Kaichang Li wanted t find a replacement glue that wuld wrk just as well withut that chemical. Walking n the beach ne day, he nticed the answer was right in frnt f him. Mussels (贻贝) were everywhere, clinging t the rcks in the water. After studying hw the mussels made their sticky threads, he created a nntxic glue.
8．What is the main characteristic f “bimimicry”?
A．It relies n reinventing slutins.
B．It priritizes cpying ver innvatin.
C．It emphasizes the applicatin f advanced technlgy.
D．It encurages the use f traditinal methds in prblem-slving.
9．What is the similarity between the dried paint and ltus leaves accrding t paragraph 3?
A．They cllect water.B．They have a rugh surface.
C．They resist dirty raindrps.D．They cntain the same substance.
10．What might the authr cnvey thrugh the case f making a nntxic glue?
A．Prducts shuld be recycled and reused.
B．Waste prducts are a cncern in bimimicry.
C．Glue prductin is a significant envirnmental issue.
D．Studying the way natural systems wrk can help reduce pllutin.
11．What is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Nature des it betterB．Learning frm nature
C．Shuld we put technlgy back int nature?D．Hw can bimimicry help redesign civilizatin?
Picture this: Yu’re hme alne, and it’s nearing dinnertime. Yu grab a bx f ckies frm the cupbard, sme lives and baby carrts frm the fridge. Then yu eat right ff the kitchen cunter with yur fingers. All tld, the meal takes five minutes, ne plate, and n utensils (餐具) . Yu, my friend, have just made yurself a “girl dinner.”
What nce may have been a sheepish traditin has recently achieved viral fame n the internet thanks t Olivia Maher, wh first cined the phenmenn in a TikTk. The trend has since amassed nearly ne billin views. Where users have started sharing their wn creatins.
There are sme ptential benefits f this kind f meal. Fr ne, slightly smaller prtins (份额) befre bedtime culd be a gd thing. “It’s really nutritinally better t eat a larger meal in the middle f the day and a lighter meal at night,” says Kima Cargill, a psychlgy prfessr. “A lt f cultures will just eat, like leftvers, r sup and bread r smething fr dinner, ” she says, “which frm a digestin viewpint, is a better. ”
Wmen ften assume caretaking rles in a husehld, n tp f all their ther daily life respnsibilities. “Girl dinner encurages peple t listen t and fllw their heart. It can be a celebratin f freedm, if nly fr ne meal, frm that dmestic labr, ” nutritinist Alissa Rumsey says.
The trend has als raised eyebrws fr what sme argue is a supprt fr lw-calrie snacks in small, smetimes insubstantial prtins. “My biggest cncern with this is that many f these ‘girl dinners’ that we see n scial media are nt enugh, which can bth prmte and nrmalize disrdered eating and under-eating, ” Rumsey says.
Her advice: avid and unfllw any cntent creatrs that make yu feel shame. Even if a vide isn’t directly abut weight lss, it’s hard nt t see a persn’s daily fd intake as guidelines n hw t lk like them. But what wrks fr them may nt wrk fr yu.
12．What des the term “girl dinner” refer t?
A．A lw-effrt meal.B．A weight-lsing diet.
C．A time-hnred recipe.D．A mney-saving snack.
13．What aspect f the girl dinner is appreciated by Kima Cargill?
A．It’s rich nutritinally.B．It’s ften in small prtins.
C．Its tendency t be eaten at hme.D．Its expressin f cultural identity.
14．What des the girl dinner mean t wmen accrding t Alissa Rumsey?
A．Tiresme husewrk.B．Effrt t meet kids’ wishes.
C．An pprtunity fr scializing.D．A break frm daily respnsibilities.
15．What des Alissa Rumsey recmmend?
A．Limiting yur time nline.
B．Aviding fllwing thers’ diets blindly.
C．Taking in lw-calrie snacks in small prtins.
D．Reducing the frequency f eating the girl dinner.
The pursuit f Knwledge: Benefits f Lifelng Learning
Lifelng Learning has becme essential in a wrld cnstantly changing due t rapidly advancing technlgy, evlving jb fields, and shifting cultural nrms. 16 . In this cntext, we will explre the reasns fr engaging in lifelng learning.
It increases mtivatin. Gaining new knwledge and develping skills can be a fun and rewarding experience fr many peple. Accrding t the Pew Research Center, 80% f lifelng learners said that they pursued learning because they desired t acquire knwledge that wuld help make their mre mtivating and fulfilled (满足的). 17 , as yu wuld ften feel a sense f accmplishment when yu learn new things.
18 . Accrding t research in the Psychlgical Science jurnal, acquiring new skills nt nly deeps yur brain active and sharp but als helps imprve cgnitive (认知的) functin, delaying memry prblems as yu age. Additinally, learning new subjects enhances prblem-slving skills, as nted by Dr. Barbara Oakley, an expert in learning and engineering.
It helps yu grw persnally. Acquiring new skills nt nly bsts yur cnfidence but als empwers yu, expsing yu t a brader perspective by intrducing different views and cultures. 19 .
It imprves yur career. 20 , as they adapt better at wrk. A LinkedIn survey als revealed that 76% f prfessinals believe learning new skills is critical t success in their careers.
A．It helps yu stay psitive
B．It bsts yur brainpwer
C．It is n lnger just a chice; it is a necessity
D．This, in turn, enhances yur understanding f thers
E．39% f prfessinal learners said they desired t imprve themselves t btain a raise
F．Cntinuusly learning and imprving yurself culd prvide enrmus self-satisfactin
G．The reprt “The Future f Jbs” highlights that emplyers value lifelng learners highly
二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）
At the age f 41, I still stutter (口吃). I am fine with it nw but that wasn’t always the 21 . It was difficult fr the first cuple f years f schl. In fact, I dn’t recall being 22 at all, thugh there was a great deal f curisity abut my 23 speech.
A few years later, I began t 24 being different. I felt that I std ut fr all the wrng reasns. Just 25 the pain f nt even being able t say yur wn name, I wuld ften give 26 names when meeting new peple, because it was easier. It was 27 fr me t be Jasn r Mike, Chris r Kevin r just whatever sunds I was cnfident I culd make at that particular mment.
Smetime in eighth grade, my 28 changed. I turned what I’d always thught f as a negative int a psitive. I finally 29 that difference and ran with it. 30 waiting in fear fr the teacher t 31 my name, I raised my hand when I knew the answer t a questin. I always vlunteered t read and even used ral presentatins as an pprtunity t shw my cmedic talents. I went frm a stuttering kid wh seldm spke a wrd t a stuttering man wh nw speaks fr a (n) 32 . Self-acceptance cntinues t be essential in the success I’ve experienced as a speaker, cmedian, writer and sldier. My nly 33 is that it didn’t happen sner.
It’s never easy t be a kid. It’s especially 34 when yu’re different, but it desn’t have t be. The time t accept yur 35 is nw.
21．A．prcessB．reasnC．caseD．target
22．A．made use fB．stirred upC．taken care fD．made fun f
23．A．abnrmalB．lngC．infrmalD．chsen
24．A．desireB．prmiseC．dislikeD．suspect
25．A．imagineB．avidC．predictD．recrd
26．A．similarB．falseC．fficialD．persnal
27．A．fatalB．cmmnC．familiarD．strange
28．A．dutyB．ptinC．identityD．attitude
29．A．repeatedB．pstpnedC．acceptedD．sptted
30．A．Instead fB．Due tC．As frD．In return fr
31．A．typeB．changeC．callD．spell
32．A．awardB．prmiseC．excuseD．living
33．A．requestB．regretC．decisinD．explanatin
34．A．naturalB．beneficialC．essentialD．tugh
35．A．intelligenceB．uniquenessC．advantageD．mistake
三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The mamianqun r hrse-faced skirt is a skirt that first riginated smewhere clse t the Sng Dynasty. It’s named this way because it 36 (lk) like the marnian frtress (要塞) , which has stairs n either side and a dr in 37 frnt and back. The ‘drs’ sides f the frtress 38 (knw) as the “hrse faces” r mamian because these were the faces f the frtress where hrses wuld pass thrugh.
The mamianqun gained great 39 (ppular) during the Ming Dynasty and remained fashinable during the Qing Dynasty.
These days, mamianqun has been mdernized 40 a number f ways. Keep the shirt simple, usually just plain white, s that all the attentin can be n the 41 (clr) skirt and its cmplicated designs. 42 (alternative), if yu prefer a mre feminine (女性的) feel, yu can chse mamianqun inspired by the Sng Dynasty, 43 typically cmes in lighter clrs and features simpler designs, thugh it takes lnger time 44 (find) them. Sme f the fabrics fr mamianqun are incredible these days, 45 (invlve) images f adrable cartn rabbits and cats while still lking very classy frm a distance!
四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）
46．世界海洋日即将到来，你校计划组织同学们观看自然纪录片 (dcumentary) 《蔚蓝之境》。该片以中国近海为舞台，着眼海洋生态和资源，呈现一片神秘、壮阔、充满活力的蔚蓝之境。请用英语写一封信，邀请你的交换生朋友 Allen一起观看。内容包括：
1. 简单介绍《蔚蓝之境》 ( “The Blue Wrld”) ；
2. 观看时间和地点。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右。
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。
Dear Allen,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
五、书面表达（本大题共1小题）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was a kid, my parents brught me a fur-mnth-ld puppy (小狗). My family named the puppy Dusty. Althugh I wanted t lay nly claim t her affectins, in a family f seven kids, n ne lays permanent claim t the family pet.
Dusty was ur dg, nt “my” dg. We sn realized that she had patience. My baby sister ften transfrmed Dusty’s warm fur int a naptime pillw — falling asleep n the carpet. Like a prtective mther, Dusty waited — withut mving — until my sister wke.
Dusty dubled as a schl crssing guard, t. Mnday thrugh Friday she’d walk us kids tw blcks t St. Patrick’s Parchial, lking bth ways t check fr the traffic befre allwing us t crss the street. We’d wave gd-bye as we entered the dr, knwing Dusty wuld be waiting at the schl dr t claim us at the clse f the schl day.
Of all the cntributins Dusty made t ur family, ne incident stands ut far abve all thers.
Late ne night, Dusty rushed t my parents’ bedrm. She barked and barked. When she gt n respnse, Dusty raced upstairs t my bedrm and my brthers’ bedrm and barked again and again. When she failed t fully wake us, she flew back dwn the steps and returned t my parents’ rm. Finally, she gt Mm’s attentin.
“What are yu ding, Dusty?” Mm said, still halfway in dreamland. Dusty persisted (坚持). Finally my mther gave in. “Okay, what is it?”
Dusty rushed ut f Mm's rm. Thinking the dg needed t be let ut t relieve herself, my mther fllwed Dusty t the frnt dr.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。
When Mm pened the dr, Dusty tre acrss the street, nt stpping t d her business as my mther had assumed.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My mther called the fire department immediately.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个学生播客，他们关注自己社区的气候新闻，并分享他们的观点和希望采取的行动。
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In a 10-episde series, a sixth-grade class at the Gergetwn Schl f Innvatin in Gergetwn, Calif. , shares stries frm the damaging Msquit Fire in 2022. This grup f eight students asks tw firefighters frm the Gergetwn Fire Department what it’s like t fight fires and prtect lved nes in their hmetwn.”（在一个10集的系列节目中，加州乔治城乔治敦创新学院的一个六年级班级分享了2022年破坏性的蚊子大火的故事。这组8名学生向来自乔治城消防局的两名消防员询问在家乡救火和保护亲人是什么感觉）可知，Gergetwn Schl f Innvatin的学生对消防员的故事感兴趣。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据文章Flwing Thrugh Time下“In this pdcast frm Peak Academy, a grup f eight middle schlers reprts n dealing with water shrtages in Bzeman, Mntana. They trace the histry f their grwing hmetwn’s water supply, which has been dependent n muntain snwmelt. As that surce becmes less reliable in a warming wrld, the students turn t the grwn-ups t ask what they can d t cnserve water.”（在这个来自Peak Academy的播客中，八个中学生报道了他们如何应对蒙大拿州博兹曼的水资源短缺。他们追溯了他们不断发展的家乡的供水历史，这个供水源依赖于山上的雪水融化。随着这个水源在全球变暖的世界中变得不可靠，学生们转向成年人，询问他们可以做些什么来节约水资源。）可知，Flwing Thrugh Time的播客关注水资源保护。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“At Chautauqua Elementary, the Vashn fifth-graders talk abut the far-reaching and lasting impact f wildfires and wildfire smke — and the direct effects n their lives, like waiting fr the schl bus n a smky day. The students als interview experts and share their research n wildfire precautins (预防措施).”（在肖托夸小学，瓦松小学的五年级学生谈论野火和野火烟雾的深远而持久的影响，以及对他们生活的直接影响，如在烟雾弥漫的日子里等校车。学生们还采访了专家，分享了他们对野火预防措施的研究）和第五段“The deadly flding in eastern Kentucky last year frever changed the lives f high schlers Ryley Bwman, Carlina Jhnsn and Hunter Nble. The three classmates at Mrgan Cunty High Schl in West Liberty, Ky., share firsthand accunts f their wn and their family’s experiences during the flds.”（去年发生在肯塔基州东部的致命洪水永远地改变了高中生赖利·鲍曼、卡罗莱纳·约翰逊和亨特·诺布尔的生活。肯塔基州西自由市摩根县高中的三名同学分享了他们自己和家人在洪水中的亲身经历）可知，Fires: Set Ablaze和Washed Away共同之处是他们分享学生的个人经历。故选C。
【答案】4．A 5．C 6．D 7．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了马克•萨德勒在伦敦地铁工作了20年，当他退休后，他成为了一名救生员。讲述了他的个人经历。
【解析】4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Three years ag, Sadler was giving bld when he felt chest pain. He says, “The dctr asked: ‘D yu drink?’ Yeah, prbably t much. ‘D yu smke?’ Yes. They culd see by my size that I ate t much. ” Then Sadler stpped smking and drinking.(三年前，萨德勒在献血时感到胸痛。他说：“医生问我：‘你喝酒吗？“是的，可能太多了。‘你抽烟吗？’是的。他们可以从我的身材看出我吃得太多了。”后来，萨德勒停止了吸烟和饮酒)”可知，健康问题让萨德勒改变了他的生活方式。故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段“He wrked 10-t 12-hur days, and ften returned t visit the tunnels at night. “If I gt the call at 1, I’d be n the g at1: 15.”(他每天工作10到12个小时，并经常在晚上回到隧道。“如果我在1点接到电话，我就会在1点15分开始工作。”)”可知，萨德勒在地铁的工作是有压力的。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“That’s why Sadler made his daughters, by then adults, an ffer. “I tld them: ‘If yu have a child, I will becme a full-time grandparent.’” Fr the past cuple f years, he has cmbined caring fr his granddaughter with lifeguarding very well. Being a grandparent, he says, has shwn “hw much I missed” as a father.(这就是为什么萨德勒给当时已经成年的女儿们提议。“我告诉他们：‘如果你们有孩子，我就当全职爷爷。’”在过去的几年里，他把照顾孙女和救生员结合得很好。他说，当上了祖父母，让我看到了自己当父亲时“错过了很多”)”可知，萨德勒决定成为一名全职祖父母是为了关注家庭。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“I feel that even mre nw that I’ve gt t 60. I’m ding smething that I chse. I can balance my jb with my wife and family. It is everything I want.(现在我已经60岁了，这种感觉更加强烈。我在做我选择的事情。我可以平衡我的工作与我的妻子和家庭。这是我想要的一切)”可知，萨德勒对自己的职业转变感到满意。故选D。
【答案】8．B 9．B 10．D 11．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是“仿生学”以及仿生学的优点。
【解析】8．细节理解题。根据第二段“Bimimicry prpses that if ther rganisms have already fund a slutin t a prblem, we can cpy that slutin instead f starting frm the beginning.(仿生学认为，如果其他生物已经找到了解决问题的方法，我们可以复制这个方法，而不是从头开始)”可知，“仿生学”的主要特征是优先考虑复制而不是创新。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段“A team f German scientists lked at a ltus (莲花) leaf under a micrscpe, and they discvered the surface f the leaf was cvered with muntains. The tiny peaks stpped dirt particles (微粒) frm sticking t the leaves’ surface. They als made raindrps frm int balls. As the drps rlled ff the leaf, they lifted the dirt and carried it away. They scientists develped a type f paint based n the structure f the ltus leaf, which has a similar “muntainus” surface when it dries. When the paint is used n the utside f buildings, rainwater washes the dirt away.(一组德国科学家在显微镜下观察了一片荷叶，他们发现叶子的表面覆盖着“山脉”。这些微小的尖峰阻止了污垢颗粒粘在叶子表面。它们还把雨滴做成球。当水珠从叶子上滚下来时，它们把泥土带走了。科学家们根据荷叶的结构开发了一种涂料，这种涂料在干燥时具有类似的“山区”表面。当油漆用于建筑物外部时，雨水会将污垢冲走)”可知，涂料和荷叶的相似之处是都表面粗糙。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“A scientist named Dr. Kaichang Li wanted t find a replacement glue that wuld wrk just as well withut that chemical. Walking n the beach ne day, he nticed the answer was right in frnt f him. Mussels (贻贝) were everywhere, clinging t the rcks in the water. After studying hw the mussels made their sticky threads, he created a nntxic glue.(一位名叫李开昌博士的科学家想找到一种替代胶水，它可以在没有这种化学物质的情况下发挥同样的作用。一天，他在海滩上散步，发现答案就在他面前。贻贝到处都是，粘在水里的岩石上。在研究了贻贝如何制造粘稠的线之后，他发明了一种无毒的胶水)”可知，作者想通过制造无毒胶水的案例来表明研究自然系统的工作方式有助于减少污染。故选D。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Humans are cnstantly lking fr better slutins t the prblems we face in ur daily lives. One new schl f thught suggests that answers can be fund in nature. This idea is called “bimimicry.”(人类一直在寻找更好的解决方案来解决我们日常生活中面临的问题。一种新的思想流派认为答案可以在自然界中找到。这个想法被称为“仿生学”)”结合文章主要介绍了什么是“仿生学”以及仿生学的优点可知，B选项“向自然学习”最符合文章标题。故选B。
【答案】12．A 13．B 14．D 15．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“girl dinner”这一现象的起源、特点、利弊等。
【解析】12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Then yu eat right ff the kitchen cunter with yur fingers. All tld, the meal takes five minutes, ne plate, and n utensils (餐具) . Yu, my friend, have just made yurself a “girl dinner.”(然后你可以直接在厨房的柜台上用手指吃东西。总而言之，这顿饭只花了五分钟，一个盘子，没有餐具。你，朋友，刚刚为自己做了一顿“girl dinner”)”可知，“girl dinner”指的是一顿不费力的饭。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“There are sme ptential benefits f this kind f meal. Fr ne, slightly smaller prtins (份额) befre bedtime culd be a gd thing. “It’s really nutritinally better t eat a larger meal in the middle f the day and a lighter meal at night,” says Kima Cargill, a psychlgy prfessr.(这种饮食有一些潜在的好处。首先，睡前少吃一点可能是件好事。心理学教授Kima Cargill说：“中午多吃一顿，晚上少吃一点，从营养上来说真的更好”)”可知，Kima Cargill欣赏“girl dinner”的地方在于它常常量少。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据文章第四段““Girl dinner encurages peple t listen t and fllw their heart. It can be a celebratin f freedm, if nly fr ne meal, frm that dmestic labr, ” nutritinist Alissa Rumsey says.(“girl dinner”鼓励人们倾听和跟随自己的内心。它可以是对自由的庆祝，即使只是一顿饭，也可以摆脱家务劳动，营养学家阿丽莎·拉姆齐说)”可知，Alissa Rumsey认为“girl dinner”对于女性而言，是摆脱日常责任的一个喘息机会。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But what wrks fr them may nt wrk fr yu.(但对他们有效的方法可能对你不起作用)”可知，Alissa Rumsey建议不要盲目跟从别人的饮食习惯。故选B。
【答案】16．C 17．F 18．B 19．D 20．G
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了终身学习的重要性和好处，包括增加动力、提升脑力、促进个人成长和改善职业生涯等方面。
【解析】16．根据空前“Lifelng Learning has becme essential in a wrld cnstantly changing due t rapidly advancing technlgy, evlving jb fields, and shifting cultural nrms.(在一个因科技飞速进步、职业领域不断演变以及文化规范持续变化而日新月异的世界里，终身学习已变得至关重要)”可知，上文提到终身学习在不断变化的世界中变得至关重要。选项C“It is n lnger just a chice; it is a necessity(它不再仅仅是一种选择，而是一种必要)”进一步强调了终身学习的必要性，承接上文，符合语境。故选C。
17．根据上文“It increases mtivatin. Gaining new knwledge and develping skills can be a fun and rewarding experience fr many peple. Accrding t the Pew Research Center, 80% f lifelng learners said that they pursued learning because they desired t acquire knwledge that wuld help make their mre mtivating and fulfilled (满足的).(终身学习能提升动力。对许多人而言，获取新知识和培养技能是一种有趣且有益的体验。皮尤研究中心的数据显示，80% 的终身学习者表示，他们追求学习是因为渴望获取能让生活更具动力和满足感的知识)”可知，段主题是终身学习能增加动力，空前指出很多人认为获取新知识和技能是有趣且有回报的经历，80% 的终身学习者因渴望获取知识而学习。选项F“Cntinuusly learning and imprving yurself culd prvide enrmus self-satisfactin(不断学习和提升自己能带来巨大的自我满足感)”延续上文内容，同时与空后“as yu wuld ften feel a sense f accmplishment when yu learn new things(因为当你学习新事物时，往往会有一种成就感)”相呼应，解释了学习带来动力的原因。故选F。
18．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Accrding t research in the Psychlgical Science jurnal, acquiring new skills nt nly deeps yur brain active and sharp but als helps imprve cgnitive (认知的) functin, delaying memry prblems as yu age. Additinally, learning new subjects enhances prblem-slving skills, as nted by Dr. Barbara Oakley, an expert in learning and engineering.(《心理科学》杂志的研究表明，掌握新技能不仅能让大脑保持活跃和敏锐，还能帮助提升认知功能，随着年龄增长延缓记忆问题的出现。此外，学习新学科能提高解决问题的能力，学习与工程领域的专家芭芭拉・奥克利博士指出了这一点。)”可知，本段讲述了获取新技能能让大脑保持活跃敏锐，有助于提高认知功能，延缓记忆问题，这都与大脑能力相关。选项B“It bsts yur brainpwer(它增强你的脑力)”符合本段主旨大意。故选B。
19．根据上文“It helps yu grw persnally. Acquiring new skills nt nly bsts yur cnfidence but als empwers yu, expsing yu t a brader perspective by intrducing different views and cultures.(终身学习有助于个人成长。掌握新技能不仅能增强自信，还能赋予你力量，通过接触不同的观点和文化，让你拥有更广阔的视野)”可知，此段说的是终身学习有助于个人成长，获取新技能能开阔视野，接触不同观点和文化。选项D“This, in turn, enhances yur understanding f thers(这反过来又增强了你对他人的理解)” 承接上文，进一步阐述了学习对个人成长的影响。故选D。
20．根据段首句“It imprves yur career.(终身学习能改善职业生涯)”可知，该段围绕终身学习对职业生涯的提升展开。根据空后“as they adapt better at wrk. A LinkedIn survey als revealed that 76% f prfessinals believe learning new skills is critical t success in their careers.(因为他们在工作中适应能力更强。领英的一项调查还显示，76%的专业人士认为学习新技能对其职业成功至关重要)”可知，终身学习者在工作中适应能力更好，以及专业人士对学习新技能的看法。选项G“The reprt “The Future f Jbs” highlights that emplyers value lifelng learners highly(《未来就业报告》强调雇主高度重视终身学习者)”说明了终身学习对职业发展的重要性，自然引出后文。故选G。
【答案】
21．C 22．D 23．A 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．B 34．D 35．B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位41岁的口吃者如何面对和克服自己的口吃问题，并最终将其转化为个人优势和成功的故事。
【解析】21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在可以接受了，但过去情况并非总是如此。A. prcess过程；B. reasn原因；C. case情况；D. target目标。根据下文“It was difficult fr the first cuple f years f schl”可知，作者虽然现在可以接受自己的口吃，但是过去情况并非总是如此。故选C。
22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，我完全不记得有人取笑过我，尽管人们对我不正常的说话方式非常好奇。A. made use f利用；B. stirred up搅拌；C. taken care f照顾；D. made fun f取笑。根据下文“thugh there was a great deal f curisity”可知，虽然有人对作者口吃感到好奇，但是作者不记得有人取笑过自己，前后构成转折关系。故选D。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我完全不记得有人取笑过我，尽管人们对我不正常的说话方式非常好奇。A. abnrmal不正常的；B. lng长的；C. infrmal非正式的；D. chsen被选中的。根据第一段“I still stutter”可知，作者有口吃，所以说话的方式不正常。故选A。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年后，我开始不喜欢与众不同。A. desire渴望；B. prmise答应；C. dislike不喜欢；D. suspect怀疑。根据下文“I felt that I std ut fr all the wrng reasns”可知，作者几年后开始不喜欢自己和别人不一样。故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：想象一下连自己的名字都说不出来的痛苦吧，我在认识新朋友的时候经常会用假名，因为这样更容易。A. imagine想象；B. avid避免；C. predict预测；D. recrd记录。根据下文“the pain f nt even being able t say yur wn name”可知，作者是叫读者想象一下连自己的名字都说不出来的痛苦。故选A。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：想象一下连自己的名字都说不出来的痛苦吧，我在认识新朋友的时候经常会用假名，因为这样更容易。A. similar类似的；B. false不真实的；C. fficial正式的；D. persnal个人的。根据上文“nt even being able t say yur wn name”可知，作者说不出来自己的名字，所以遇到新朋友时就用假名，空格处用false。故选B。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，经常是杰森或迈克，克里斯或凯文，或者是任何我相信在那个特定的时刻我能发出的声音。A. fatal致命的；B. cmmn常见的，普遍的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文“be Jasn r Mike, Chris r Kevin r just whatever sunds I was cnfident I culd make at that particular mment”可知，作者经常说自己的名字是杰森或迈克，克里斯或凯文，空格处意为“常见的，普遍的”。故选B。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：八年级的时候，我的态度改变了。A. duty职责；B. ptin选择；C. identity身份；D. attitude态度。根据下文“I turned what I’d always thught f as a negative int a psitive”可知，作者在八年级的时候态度就改变了。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最终接受了这种差异，并接受了它。A. repeated重复；B. pstpned推迟；C. accepted接受；D. sptted发现。根据上文“I turned what I’d always thught f as a negative int a psitive”可知，作者把一直认为是消极的东西变成了积极的东西，因此作者最终接受了自己和别人的不一样。故选C。
30．考查固定短语辨析。句意：当我知道问题的答案时，我举手，而不是在恐惧中等待老师叫我的名字。A. Instead f而不是；B. Due t因为；C. As fr关于；D. In return fr作为回报。根据上文“waiting in fear fr the teacher t 21 my name”和下文“I raised my hand when I knew the answer t a questin”可知，作者知道问题的答案时就举手，而不是在恐惧中等待老师叫作者的名字。故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我知道问题的答案时，我举手，而不是在恐惧中等待老师叫我的名字。A. type打字；B. change改变；C. call叫；D. spell拼写。根据上文“the teacher t”和下文“my name, I raised my hand when I knew the answer t a questin”可知，作者知道问题的答案时就举手，而不是在恐惧中等待老师叫作者的名字。故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从一个很少说话的口吃孩子变成了一个现在以说话为生的口吃男人。A. award授予；B. prmise承诺；C. excuse借口；D. living生计。根据下文“the success I’ve experienced as a speaker”可知，作者现在以说话为生，空格处是“生计”。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我唯一的遗憾是它没有早点发生。A. request要求；B. regret遗憾；C. decisin决定；D. explanatin解释。根据下文“it didn’t happen sner”可知，它没有早点发生，这是作者的遗憾。故选B。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你与众不同的时候，这尤其困难，但这是可以避免的。A. natural自然的；B. beneficial有益的；C. essential必要的；D. tugh困难的。根据上文“It’s never easy t be a kid”和下文“when yu’re different”可知，作为小孩是不容易的，作为和别人不一样的小孩尤其困难。故选D。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在是接受你的独特性的时候了。A. intelligence智力，才智；B. uniqueness独特性；C. advantage优点；D. mistake错误。根据上文“yu’re different”可知，和别人不一样就是有独特性，作者向读者发出呼吁，是时候该接受自己的独特性了。故选B。
【答案】
36．lks 37．the 38．were knwn 39．ppularity 40．in 41．clrful 42．Alternatively 43．which 44．t find 45．invlving
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“马面裙”的起源、历史流行情况以及现代的变化和样式特点。
【解析】36．考查谓语动词。句意：它之所以得名，是因为其形似马面要塞，这种要塞两侧有台阶，前后有门。空处为从句谓语动词；根据主句时态可知，从句为一般现在时；主语为“it”，单数，和动词“lk”之间为主动关系。故填lks。
37．考查冠词。句意：它之所以得名，是因为其形似马面要塞，这种要塞两侧有台阶，前后有门。空处为定冠词，构成短语：in the frnt，意为“在前面”，符合句意。故填the。
38．考查谓语动词。句意：要塞两侧的“门”被称作“马面”，因为这里是马匹进出要塞的地方。空处为本句谓语动词；根据从句时态可知，主句时态为一般过去时；主语为“The ‘drs’ sides f the frtress”，复数，和动词“knw”之间为被动关系。故填were knwn。
39．考查名词。句意：马面裙在明代极为流行，并在清代依旧引领时尚潮流。空处为名词形式担当宾语，意为“流行”。故填ppularity。
40．考查固定短语。句意：如今，马面裙在诸多方面进行了现代化改良。固定搭配：in…ways，意为“在……方面”，符合句意。故填in。
41．考查形容词。句意：通常会搭配简约的上衣，一般为素净的白色，这样所有目光都会聚焦在色彩斑斓且设计繁复的裙子上。修饰名词“skirt”用形容词形式。故填clrful。
42．考查副词。句意：或者，如果你更偏爱温婉柔美的风格，可以选择受宋代风格启发的马面裙，这类裙子颜色通常更为淡雅，设计也更简约，不过要找到它们可能需要多花些时间。空处为副词担当状语；根据句意可知，下文是另一种选择，空处意为“或者”；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Alternatively。
43．考查定语从句。句意：或者，如果你更偏爱温婉柔美的风格，可以选择受宋代风格启发的马面裙，这类裙子颜色通常更为淡雅，设计也更简约，不过要找到它们可能需要多花些时间。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词为“mamianqun inspired by the Sng Dynasty”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：或者，如果你更偏爱温婉柔美的风格，可以选择受宋代风格启发的马面裙，这类裙子颜色通常更为淡雅，设计也更简约，不过要找到它们可能需要多花些时间。空处为非谓语动词担当主语，构成固定句型：it takes… t d sth…，意为“做……需要……”符合句意。故填t find。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，一些马面裙的面料令人惊叹，上面印有可爱的卡通兔子和猫咪图案，远看却依然十分典雅！空处为非谓语动词担当状语；主语“Sme f the fabrics fr mamianqun”和动词“invlve”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填invlving。
46．【答案】Dear Allen,
Great news! Our schl is hsting a mvie night fr Wrld Oceans Day, featuring the incredible dcumentary “The Blue Wrld. ”
The dcumentary ffers a fascinating underwater jurney in the China Sea, highlighting cean eclgy and resurces. It’s an area f mysteries, grandness, and a vibrant wrld beneath the waves. The dcumentary is nt just infrmative—it’s visually striking and inspiring.
The dcumentary will be screened every Friday at 6: 00 pm frm June 7th in the Cultural Hall. Lking frward t enjying the beauty f the cean tgether.
Yurs,
Lu Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的邀请信。要求考生给交换生Allen写封信，邀请他观看自然纪录片《蔚蓝之境》。
【详解】1.词汇积累
难以置信的：incredible→ unbelievable
提供：ffer→ prvide
有活力的：vibrant→ dynamic
吸引人的：striking→ remarkable
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Our schl is hsting a mvie night fr Wrld Oceans Day, featuring the incredible dcumentary “The Blue Wrld.”
拓展句：Our schl is hsting a mvie night fr Wrld Oceans Day, which features the incredible dcumentary “The Blue Wrld.”
【点睛】【高分句型1】The dcumentary ffers a fascinating underwater jurney in the China Sea, highlighting cean eclgy and resurces.（运用了非谓语动词作状语）
【高分句型2】Our schl is hsting a mvie night fr Wrld Oceans Day, featuring the incredible dcumentary “The Blue Wrld. ”（运用了现在分词作定语）
47．【答案】When Mm pened the dr, Dusty tre acrss the street, nt stpping t d her business as my mther had assumed. Her paws punded the grund, nt a mment wasted as she raced, her tail streaming behind her like a triumphant banner. Then Mm discvered what Dusty already knew. The huse acrss the street—where my best friend, Marianne, and her family lived — was n fire! All f Dusty’s middle-f-the-night craziness had served a purpse: she’d been trying t call fr help.
My mther called the fire department immediately. Sn, the firemen in their trucks rared up the street, put ut the fire, saved my best friend’s family frm harm and their huse frm ttal ruin. My mther refused t take credit. “It was Dusty, ” I put my arms arund my dg’s neck and kissed her square n the tip f her wet nse. “Thank yu fr saving Marianne, ” I whispered int Dusty’s black ear. “Yu’re the bravest dg I’ve ever knwn. ”
【分析】本文以动物为线索展开，讲述了作者家中一只名叫Dusty的小狗半夜救下邻居的故事，展现了小狗的忠诚、勇敢和聪明。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当妈妈打开门时，Dusty穿过街道跑了过去，没有停下来做妈妈以为她会做的事情。”以及第二段首句内容“我妈妈立刻打了火警电话。”可知，第一段可描写作者的妈妈发现原来是邻居家着火了。
②由第二段首句内容“我妈妈立刻打了火警电话。”可知，第二段可描写由于作者的妈妈的报警电话，邻居家得到了救援，房子也没有被完全烧毁。
2.续写线索：当作者妈妈打开门时，Dusty穿过街道跑了过去，没有停下来做妈妈以为她会做的事情——Dusty的爪子一直拍打地面引起作者妈妈的注意——这时作者的妈妈才发现原来邻居家着火了，而Dusty一直都在努力呼救——作者的妈妈赶紧拨打了火警电话——由于消防员的及时到来，邻居家得到了救援，房子也没有被烧毁——所有的人都称赞Dusty，而邻居家也对Dusty充满感激
3.词汇激活
行为类
①敲打：pund/hit/beat
②努力做：try t/make an effrt t
③拒绝：refuse/decline
情绪类
①赞扬：credit/praise
②勇敢的：brave/curageus
【点睛】【高分句型1】Then Mm discvered what Dusty already knew.（运用了what引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Yu’re the bravest dg I’ve ever knwn.（运用了省略关系代词的定语从句）