适用于新高考新教材天津专版2024届高考英语一轮总复习语法专题突破专题8情态动词课件外研版

这是一份适用于新高考新教材天津专版2024届高考英语一轮总复习语法专题突破专题8情态动词课件外研版，共34页。PPT课件主要包含了增素能•精准突破，真题语境，用法点拨，测效果·课堂评价，练基础单项填空，练语篇完形填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.(2019·天津3月卷)Paul did a great jb in the speech cntest.He ______ many times last week. A.need have practisedB.might practiseC.must have practisedD.culd practise2.(2018·天津卷)I can't find my purse.I ______it in the supermarket yesterday,but I'm nt sure. A.shuld leaveB.must have leftC.might leaveD.culd have left
3.(2018·天津3月卷)—What's wrng with the dr?—The key has gt stuck in it and ______cme ut. A.shuldn'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.wn't4.(2017·天津卷)My rm is a mess,but I ______clean it befre I g ut tnight.I can d it in the mrning. A.daren'tB.shuldn'tC.needn'tD.mustn't5.(2017·天津3月卷)Smene ______the tap n,fr the water was running ver and flding the bathrm. A.culd leaveB.must have leftC.might leaveD.shuld have left
一、情态动词的基本用法1.can/culd(1)表能力,意为“能够”。(2)表许可,意为“可以”(=may)。(3)表惊讶的语气,意为“能够”。Hw can yu say such rude wrds?你怎么能说如此粗鲁的话?
(4)表猜测,意为“可能”。用于肯定句时表示一种客观的、一时的可能性;用于否定句和疑问句时表示主观的猜测,can't意为“不可能”。It can snw in the suth f China,t.中国南方也有可能下雪。He can't arrive befre 5 'clck.他不可能在五点前到达。
2.may/might(1)表许可,意为“可以”,其疑问句的否定回答可以是may nt、had better nt或mustn't。(2)表猜测,意为“可能”,只用于肯定句和否定句,表示的是主观猜测。may nt意为“可能不”。(3)may/might well意为“很可能”,may/might as well意为“还是……的好,倒不如”。It may well be that the train is delayed.火车很可能晚点了。If there is nthing mre t d,we may as well g t bed.如果没有别的事要做,我们倒不如去睡觉。
3.must(1)表命令,意为“必须”,否定式为mustn't表示禁止。I want t be admitted int a key university,s I must wrk harder frm nw n.我想考入一所重点大学,所以从现在开始我必须更加努力地学习。(2)表必要性,意为“必须”,否定式为needn't(不必)。(3)表对抗、反感,意为“非得,偏要”。Why must yu make s much nise?你为什么要制造这么大的声音?(4)表猜测,意为“一定,想必”,否定式为can't(不可能)。After a whle day's wrk,yu must be tired.工作了一天,你一定是累了。Father says that I mustn‘t stay ut fr night.父亲告诉我不能在外面过夜。
4.shuld(1)表责任、义务,意为“应该”(=ught t)。Yu shuld shw respect t yur parents.你们应该尊重父母。(2)表推测,意为“理应,应该”,指根据事理、常规所作的推断,不是主观的猜测。It's Sunday shuld be at hme.今天是星期天。李老师应该在家。(3)表惊讶,意为“居然,竟然”。He shuld have brken his prmise.他居然食言了。
5.shall(1)用于第一、三人称的疑问句,表示“请求,允许”,比can和may正式,一般用于下级对上级、晚辈对长辈的请示。Shall the new cmer have a try,sir?可以让新来的人尝试一下吗,先生?(2)用于第二人称表示命令、警告、允许。Yu shall regret fr what yu are ding nw.你会为你现在的所作所为后悔的。(3)用于第一人称表示决心。I shall have t be careful.我得当心。(4)表示法律条文、规章制度的要求和规定。All payments shall be made in cash.所有款项都必须以现金支付。
6.dare用作情态动词或实义动词,意为“敢”,用作实义动词时,否定句中的t可省略。—D yu dare g ut at night?——你晚上敢外出吗?—N,I dare nt.——不,我不敢。He dares nt (t) tell the truth.他不敢说出真相。7.need用作情态动词或实义动词。情态动词常用于否定句。needn't=dn't have t(不必)。Yu needn't wrry abut his safety.你不必担心他的安全。
8.will/wuld(1)表意愿,意为“愿意”。I can wrk with yu if yu will jin us.如果你愿意加入的话,我可以跟你共事。(2)表过去的习惯,意为“习惯于,会”。We wuld have a walk tgether after supper when I lived with my parents.同父母一起生活的时候,晚饭后我们会一起去散步。(3)表倾向和趋势,意为“(将)会”。Fish will die withut water.离开了水,鱼会死的。
9.had better have dne用于事后的建议,含轻微责备的语气,意为“当时最好做了某事”。I had better have started earlier.我要是早点起程就好了。10.wuld rather have dne sth表示“宁愿当时做某事”,其否定形式wuld rather nt have dne sth表达相反的含义,两者都含有“后悔”之意。I wuld rather have taken his advice.我宁愿当时接受了他的建议。
11.wuld like/lve t have dne sth表示“过去愿意做某事但未做成”。I wuld lve t have gne t the party last night,but I had t wrk extra hurs t finish my reprt.我昨天晚上本想去参加聚会,但我不得不加班写完报告。
二、情态动词+have dne(表示过去的动作或状况)can/culd have dne本能够;本可以……can't/culdn't have dne不可能已经……may/might have dne本可能/本可以……may/might nt have dne(过去)不可能……must have dne想必已经……;(过去)一定……shuld/ught t have dne本应该……(却没有……)shuldn't/ughtn't t have dne本不该……(却已经……)wuld have dne(虚拟)会……wuldn't have dne(虚拟)不会……
Yu shuldn't have refused him.He's in lw spirits.你本不该拒绝他。他现在情绪低落。If yu had fllwed my advice,yu wuld have recvered already.如果听从我的建议,你早就康复了。He must have made preparatins fr the cmpetitin.他一定早已为比赛作了准备。
1.(2022·天津新华中学高三统练)In Bhutan,weather ______vary dramatically frm place t place,day t day r even within the same day. A.canB.shallC.mustD.need2.(2022·天津河东高三一模)I ______mre careful in that quiz.I made t many stupid mistakes. A.must beB.must have beenC.culd have beenD.culd be3.(2022·天津河西高三一模)One f the few things yu ______say abut British peple with certainty is that they can talk a lt abut the weather. A.canB.mustC.shuldD.need
4.(2022·天津和平高三一检)The rules f the twn are that the huse wners ______keep their gardens in a neat and rderly state. A.canB.willC.mayD.shall5.(2022·天津滨海重点学校高三一模)—I can't find my purse anywhere. —Yu ______have lst it while shpping. A.mayB.canC.shuld has been annunced that all students ______ put n masks befre entering the labratry fr the chemical experiments. A.ShallB.willC.need's quite warm here;we ______turn the heating n yet. A.culdn'tB.needn'tC.mustn'tD.wuldn't
8.Water ______t ur planet during the first tw millin years after the birth f the slar system,a study has fund. A.might be brughtB.may have been brughtC.culd be brughtD.shuld have been brught9.When I lived in Italy,I ______ften eat in the restaurant next t my flat. A.culdB.wuldC.mayD.must10.—It was nt the best time t g there.—Yes.I ______yur advice befre I made my decisin. A.culd acceptB.shuld acceptC.ught t acceptD.shuld have accepted
11.Why didn't yu tell me there was n meeting tday?I ______all the way here thrugh the heavy snw. A.needn't have drivenB.culdn't have drivenC.shuld have drivenD.must have driven12.Accrding t a newly released regulatin n nline vide services,n ne ______generate,release r spread fake news r infrmatin by using such technlgies. A.shallB.canC.will we ______think we knw what we want, we're ften wrng. A.mayB.willC.shallD.must
14.—Why did Mary ignre me at the party last night?—She ______yu.She wasn't wearing her glasses. A.shuldn't have seenB.needn't have seenC.wn't have seenD.might nt have seen15.My cmputer ______start this mrning.There must have been smething wrng with it. A.shuldn'tB.wuldn'tC.needn'tD.mustn't16.Accrding t the new rule,families with elders and disabled persns ______get mre supprt and assistance. A.canB.mayC.shuldD.shall
17.Skills like critical thinking and analysis ______be fund n the Internet,because they must be acquired in the cntext f facts. A.can'tB.needn'tC.mustn'tD.shuldn't18.—Tny ______what I did annying thugh he didn't say anything. —S yu think yu will have t make an aplgy?A.culd findB.shuld have fundC.might findD.must have fund19.—Did Jim cme?—I dn't knw.He ______while I was ut. A.might have cmeB.might cmeC.must have cmeD.shuld have cme
20.We ______have bught s much fd nw that Suzie wn't be with us fr dinner. A.may ntB.needn'tC.can'tD.mustn't21.I still remember my happy childhd when my mther ______take me t Disneyland at weekends. A.mightB.mustC.wuld f ur rules is that every student ______wear schl unifrm while at schl. A.mightB.culdC.shall d yu mean there are nly ten tickets? There ______be twelve. A.shuldB.wuldC.willD.shall
(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)Every year abut 40,000 peple attempt t climb Kilimanjar,the highest muntain in Africa.They 　1　 with them lts f waste.The 　2　 might damage the beauty f the place.The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing,changing the 　3　 f Kilimanjar. Hearing these stries,I'm 　4　 abut the place—ther destinatins are described as “purer” natural experiences. Hwever,I sn 　5　 that much has changed since the days f disturbing reprts f 　6　 amng tns f rubbish.I find a 　7　 muntain,with tilets at camps and alng the paths.The envirnmental challenges are 　8　 but the effrts made by the Tanzania Natinal Park Authrity seem t be 　9　. 
The best f a Kilimanjar 　10　,in my pinin,isn't reaching the tp. Muntains are 　11　 as spiritual places by many cultures.This 　12　 is especially evident n Kilimanjar as 　13　 g thrugh five ecsystems(生态系统) in the space f a few kilmeters.At the base is a rainfrest.It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters,　14　 lands f lw grwing plants.Further up,the weather 　15　—lw cluds envelpe the muntainsides,which are cvered with thick grass.I 　16　 twelve shades f green frm where I stand.Abve 4,000 meters is the highland 　17　:gravel(砾石),stnes and rcks.　18　 yu climb int an arctic-like zne with 　19　 snw and the glaciers that may sn disappear. Des Kilimanjar 　20　 its reputatin as a crwded muntain with lines f turists ruining the atmsphere f peace?I fund the ppsite t be true. 
B.mixC.cnnectB.buildingsC.crwdsB.ageC.faceB.skepticalC.seriusB.argueC.decideB.grassC.campsB.quietC.tallB.specialC.significant ffB.spreading utC.blwing upD.fading B.experienceC.experimentD.sight
B.bservedC.explredB.qualityC.reasnB.climbersC.lcals n tB.ging back tC.living up tD.giving way B.clearsC.imprvesB.imagineC.cuntB.desertC.radB.EasilyC.CnsequentlyB.littleC.freshB.deserveC.saveD.acquire
答案与解析1.D　解析:由上文“每年大约有四万人试图攀爬乞力马扎罗山”和下文“或许会破坏它的美感”可知,众多的登山者带来了许多垃圾。bring with“带来”。故选D项。2.C　解析:由上文可知,每年约四万人攀爬乞力马扎罗山,拥挤的人群(及所带来的垃圾)或许会影响它的美感。crwds“拥挤的人群”。故选C项。3.C　解析:由上文可知,此处表示冰川正在消融,改变着乞力马扎罗山的面貌。face“面貌”;psitin“位置”;age“年龄”;name“名字”。故选C项。4.B　解析:根据上文讲述的乞力马扎罗山的气候环境变化和下文的“其他旅游景点被描述得更加纯净天然”可知,此处意为听完这些故事,“我”对乞力马扎罗山的自然美景持怀疑态度。skeptical“怀疑的”;silent“沉默的”; serius“严肃的”;crazy“疯狂的”。故选B项。
5.A　解析:根据句首Hwever表示转折可知,与前面的描述不同,作者不久发现了乞力马扎罗山的美。discver“发现”;argue“争论”; decide“决定”;advcate“拥护”。故选A项。6.C　解析:此处指的是自从乞力马扎罗山上营地周围成吨垃圾的报道后,情况发生了许多变化。下文又接着讲述作者在营地和道路上看到了厕所,由此推知,上文中提到的报道指的是以前的营地是坐落在垃圾堆中的,现在干净了许多。camp“营地”;equipment“装备”;grass“草”;stne“石头”。故选C项。7.D　解析:本句提到作者在营地和道路旁边看到了许多厕所,与在报道中出现的垃圾堆中的营地截然不同,干净卫生。故选D项。
8.C　解析:前文提到了作者担心乞力马扎罗山面临的严峻的环境问题会毁坏它在人们心目中的美的形象。此处指的是面临的环境考验是很重要的(significant)。故选C项。9.A　解析:本句but表示转折关系,虽然环境面临着考验,坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局作出的努力似乎挺奏效。pay ff“成功;奏效;达到目的”;spread ut“展开;铺开”;blw up“爆炸”;fade away“逐渐消失”。故选A项。10.B　解析:由上文第二段中的“ destinatins are described as ‘purer' natural experiences.”可知此空填experience。句意:在我看来,攀登乞力马扎罗山的最佳体验并不仅仅在于到达顶峰。11.D　解析:由下文可知,乞力马扎罗山的很多山脉被许多文化视为精神家园。be regarded as...“被视为……”。故选D项。
12.A　解析:本句进一步解释上句内容,为什么乞力马扎罗山的很多山脉被许多文化视为精神家园。随着人们在几千米的空间内穿过五种生态系统,这种“观点”尤其明显。故选A项。13.B　解析:此处指攀登者可以在几千米的空间内穿过五种生态系统。climber“攀登者”;scientist“科学家”;lcal“当地人,本地人”;fficial“官员”。故选B项。14.D　解析:上文讲到山脚处是雨林,它在3,000米的地方突然结束。“让位”给矮生植物。give way t“给……让位”;hld n t“坚持”;g back t“返回”;live up t“达到”。故选D项。15.A　解析:由上文可知,有五种生态系统,所以再向上气候又有变化。故选A项。
16.C　解析:由上文可知,低云压山,茂密的草丛覆盖着山腰,本句则为从作者所站之处望去可以数到12种浓淡深浅的绿色。故选C项。17.B　解析:此处指的是4,000米以上为高原沙漠环境。根据下文的砾石、石头和岩石可知为类沙漠环境的描述。desert“沙漠”;village“村庄”; rad“道路”; lake“湖泊”。故选B项。18.D　解析:由上文可知,作者已经讲了四种生态系统:rainfrest、lw grwing plants、thick grass、highland desert,还有最后的也是最冷的arctic-like zne(类北极地带),故选D项。19.A　解析:本句意为“类北极地带上方有永久的积雪和冰川,但它们可能不久后会融化”。permanent“永久的”;little“小的”;fresh“新鲜的”; artificial“人造的”。故选A项。