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过去完成时的用法
中考真题
1．（2023·北京·统考中考真题）Eric ________ many things since he became interested in science.
A．is learningB．was learningC．will learnD．has learned
2．（2023·北京·统考中考真题）—Lily, can yu tell me ________ during the Dragn Bat Festival this year?
—Sure. We ate zngzi and watched a dragn bat race.
what yu will dB．what yu did
C．what will yu dD．what did yu d
3．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）At 4 ’clck yesterday afternn, my father ________ fr me utside the schl gate.
A．waitsB．waitedC．was waitingD．is waiting
4．（2023·吉林长春·统考中考真题）Culd yu please turn dwn the TV? Yur father _______ n his article.
A．was wrkingB．wrkedC．is wrkingD．wrks
5．（2023·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）Hey, Aunt Jenny! It’s yu! I didn’t expect yu ________ ver. What a nice surprise!
A．had cmeB．have cmeC．wuld cmeD．will cme
6．（2023·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题）After this exam, yu ________ a wnderful hliday next mnth. Take it easy!
A．haveB．have hadC．hadD．will have
7．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题）—Nancy, where is yur brther?
—He ________ fr the physical experiment (物理实验) exam in the labratry.
A．preparesB．is preparingC．was preparing
8．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）Ben believes he ________ a cllege student in 3 years.
A．becmesB．becameC．will becmeD．has becme
9．（2023·湖北恩施·中考真题）—Hi, Mr. Zhang! Yur car lks new.
—Yes. But in fact, I ________ it fr tw years.
A．will buyB．have hadC．buy
10．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）—Lingling, hw sn will yur brther cme back frm abrad?
—Hmm, ________.
A．since yesterdayB．twice a mnthC．fr an hurD．in a week
11．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）Tim ________ Tuching China n CCTV with his family frm 8:00 t 9:00 last Saturday evening.
A．was watchingB．will watchC．watchedD．has watched
12．（2023·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）— What d yu think f Ezhu, Li Ming?
— It ________ a lt since we started t build Huahu Airprt.
A．changedB．has changedC．changesD．is changing
13．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）I’m srry I didn’t answer yur call because I ________ nline.
A．was studyingB．studiedC．am studying
14．（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）— Hw did yu get t schl yesterday?
— I ________ my bike t schl.
A．rdeB．rideC．rides
15．（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）—Where is yur father, Kate?
—Lk, mm! He ________ a newspaper in the garden.
A．readsB．readC．is reading
16．（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）She said that the earth ________ arund the sun.
A．traveledB．travelsC．travel
用法
1. 表示过去的动作一直持续的现在，而且还可能继续下去。
谓语动词一般为延续性动词。
2. 过去发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。
谓语动词一般为短暂性动词。
图示
时间状语
1) since+时间点
2) fr+时间段
3) “到目前为止…”：until nw, up until nw, up t nw, up till nw, s far…
4) “在最近几世纪/年/月以来…”：in/ver the past few years, fr the last few centuries, thrughut histry, thrugh centuries…
5) 次数：nce; twice; three times等
时间副词:
already（已经）
yet（还、已经）
just（刚刚、仅仅）
ever（曾经）
never（从不）
befre（以前）等
例句
I have lived here fr 3 years.
The teacher has taught in this schl since I came here.
I've already read this bk.
（“读”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是“知道书中的内容”。）
The wman hasn't fund her dg yet ．
（没找到狗，心里着急，这就是对现在的影响。）
1. 过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在“过去的过去”。
When the plice arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。
(主句的run away动作发生在“过去的过去”)
2. 过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。
By the end f last year, he had wrked in the factry fr twenty years.
(had wrked 已有了 20 年，还有继续进行下去的可能)
3. 过去完成时与表示希望或打算的动词连用，如hpe, want, expect, think, suppse, plan, mean, intend等，表示未曾实现的希望或打算。
I had intended t cme ver t see yu last night, but smene called and I culdn't get away.
(昨晚我本想去看你的，但有人打电话我走不开。)
4. 用于宾语从句中，当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。
He tld me that he had written a new bk. (had written 发生在 tld 之前 )
5. 过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示的是“过去的过去”，只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它，不能离开过去时间而独立存在。
She did a lt f training because she had never sailed.
(never sail在d training 之前)