湖南省长沙市雅礼教育集团2024-2025学年高一上学期期末考试 英语试题（含解析）

这是一份湖南省长沙市雅礼教育集团2024-2025学年高一上学期期末考试 英语试题（含解析），共17页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）
The Best Schl Camps in Victria
Burnside Camp
Lcated n the Surf Cast near Anglesea, Burnside Camp is set ver 4-hectare beautiful bushland (灌木丛) clse t pllutin-free peaches, Running thrughut the year, Burnside Camp serves as a fantastic base fr grups f up t 88 students. Camp prgrams centre n utdr adventure activities. These include biking, caneing, and exciting bush night hikes.
Mill Valley Ranch
Mill Valley Ranch is ne f the best schl camps in Victria fr large grups f students. It can accmmdate up t 100 students. At Mill Valley Ranch, activity prgrams typically centre n cnfidence and character building. When utdrs, this sees yung peple given the pprtunity t experience everything frm hrse riding t archery (射箭). Hwever, it is als pssible t rganize a wide range f ther team games and activities.
Camp Wilkin
Set in Anglesea, Camp Wilkin cvers a 15-acre area hme t resident kangars, which is in easy reach f quiet bushwalks and fantastic beaches. It ffers the best schl camp accmmdatin in Victria fr large grups, accmmdating up t 163 students. And it als ffers a variety f utdr activity prgrams. Camp facilities include large meeting rms suitable fr everything frm presentatins t grup learning activities.
Halls Gap
Halls Gap can hld up t 56 students. One f the best schl camps in Victria fr natural sightseeing, it features reserved activities taking the frm f shrt jurneys t experience sme f the largest waterfalls in Victria. Halls Gap Camp students can als jin in rck climbing. Such activities are in the cmpany f lcal tur guides.
1．What can students d at Burnside Camp?
A．Learn t repair bikes.B．Run their wn startups.
C．Attend archery lessns.D．G n bush night hikes.
2．Which camp can hld the largest number f students?
A．Halls Gap.B．Burnside Camp.C．Camp Wilkin.D．Mill Valley Ranch.
3．What is special abut Halls Gap?
A．It is the best camp in Victria.B．It requires advance bking.
C．It features utdr activities.D．It centres n character building.
High schl ended and all I remembered was feeling stuck. Mst f my peers (同龄人) had picked ut their majrs and sme even planned their careers. But I was still wndering abut that.
I’ve always enjyed writing but didn’t knw hw t make a career ut f it. After researching my ptins, such as jurnalism, I thught Prfessinal Cmmunicatins culd imprve my writing skills and lead me t a career in business. With that, I sent in my applicatin, was accepted and started preparing fr my first term f university.
When curse intentins rlled arund, I began lking at the list f minrs. Marketing caught my attentin. It wuld cmplement (补充) my cmmunicatins degree while prviding me with the necessary business curses that were utside f the prgram. Withut hesitatin, I scheduled marketing int my studies, with the gal f using that newfund knwledge t accmpany the technical skills that my majr wuld prvide me with.
My schl year began in a pretty typical way: the rientatin week (迎新周), jining clubs and meeting new peple. As time went n, I fund myself enjying the marketing curses mre than the cmmunicatins curses, and it was then that I first began t cnsider making a change. Finally, I spke with a friend wh had switched t a different majr, and his wrds f encuragement were the final push I needed t g thrugh with the decisin. A few days later, I sent in my applicatin, and sn I received my acceptance letter.
I’ve nw been gifted with a wnderful start t the year, and I culdn’t be happier abut making the change. I feel less pressured t “find myself” and can put 110% effrt int my studies. A nte t high schl students: University brings with it a lad f new beginnings and self-reflectin. It’s perfectly fine t cme int university thinking yu want ne thing and finding ut alng the way that it might nt be the right path fr yu.
4．Why was the authr at a lss after high schl?
A．She suffered frm a lack f cnfidence.
B．She fell behind her peers in perfrmance.
C．She was afraid t chse a wrng university.
D．She struggled t decide a future directin.
5．Which aspect f marketing attracted the authr?
A．Its business curses.B．Its exciting career pprtunities.
C．Its stress n technical skills.D．Its curses related t writing.
6．What led the authr t think abut changing her majr?
A．The active encuragement frm a friend.
B．Reduced interest in cmmunicatins.
C．The grwing passin fr marketing curses.
D．Access t numerus new pprtunities.
7．What des the authr advise high schl students t d?
A．Think twice abut majr selectin.
B．Be pen t changing academic paths.
C．Cncentrate all their effrts n study.
D．Engage in self-reflectin cnsistently.
A nutrient-rich (营养丰富) diet with few added sugars may slw rates f bilgical aging in wmen, a new research suggests. Scientists fund that middle-aged wmen wh ate mre fds packed with vitamins, minerals and antixidants (抗氧化物) had “yunger-lking” cells than thse wh had less healthy diets. They judged whether a cell was yung by lking methyl (甲基) grups, n the surface f DNA．
The pattern f these methyl grups changes as we age, which is believed t increase cellular aging. “Sugars are linked t wrsened health and early disease pssibly mre than any ther fd factr.” c-authr Elissa Epel, a prfessr at the University f Califrnia, said in a statement.
Epel and her clleagues analyzed fd recrds f 342 wmen ver three days. The team then scred each wman’s diet based n hw clsely it fllwed varius established diets: While nutrient-rich diets were tied t slwed aging, added sugars seemed t cntrl the effect. In the study, wmen wh cnsumed higher amunts f added sugars shwed signs f faster cellular aging cmpared t thers, even if they ate ther healthy diet. “Added sugars” refer t sugars that are added t fd during prductin such as thse in sugared drinks and baked gds, as ppsed t the naturally ccurring sugars fund in milk, fruits and vegetables. The new study is ne f the first t demnstrate a link between added sugar cnsumptin and cellular aging, the authrs said.
The team calculated the participants’ ages by lking at the DNA methylatin f cells with samples. These data shwed the links between diet and cellular aging, but they were nly a tip f the iceberg. In fact, mre research is needed t assess hw fllwing these diets might affect aging in the lng run.
8．What can we learn frm the study?
A．A balanced diet is linked t peple’s health.
B．A lw-sugar healthy diet may delay wmen’s aging.
C．The sugary fd has n effect n the wmen’s bdy.
D．The added sugars slw dwn peple’s bilgical aging.
9．Which f the fllwing fd may make cells age faster accrding t paragraph 3?
A．Pure milk.B．Chinese cabbage.C．Birthday cakes.D．Fresh watermelns.
10．Hw did Epel and her clleagues cnduct their study?
A．By giving an example.B．By intrducing a cncept
C．By making a cmparisnD．By raising sme questins.
11．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．The study lacks further supprt.
B．There are data errrs in the study.
C．Peple’s age can be changed by diet.
D．Sugary diet affects health in the lng run.
Nt all awards are as hnrable as the Nbel Prize, which is wrld-famus fr giving prizes t peple wh made prgress in literature(文学), science, and—perhaps mst imprtantly—peace. Even thugh mst cuntries have a system fr recgnizing, hnring and rewarding peple wh have dne smething gd in their cuntries, there are nw hundreds f awards and awards ceremnies fr all kinds f things.
The Oscars are prbably the mst famus, a time fr the film industry t tell itself hw gd it is. It’s nt nly films—nw there are als Grammies, Brits and the MTV awards fr music. The Turner Prize is an award fr a British artist—each year it causes cntrversy by giving lts f mney t artists wh d things like displaying their beds, putting animals in glass cases r—this year—building a garden shed. Peple began t wnder whether these wrks were wrth the huge prize!
Awards are nt nly fr the arts. There are nw awards fr Sprts Persnality f the Year, fr Eurpean Ftballer f the year and Wrld Ftballer f the Year. This seems very strange—smetimes awards can be gd t give the hnr t peple wh deserve it, r t help peple wh dn’t make a lt f mney carry n their wrk withut wrrying abut finances, but prfessinal sccer players these days certainly aren’t shrt f mney!
Why have all these awards and ceremnies appeared recently? Shakespeare never wn a prize, nr did Lenard da Vinci r Adam Smith r Charles Dickens.
Mst awards ceremnies are nw spnsred (赞助) by big rganizatins r cmpanies. This means that it is nt nly the persn wh wins the award wh benefits—but als the spnsrs.
Fr many peple, it seems t be a “win-win” situatin, with everyne being happy, but let me ask yu a questin—hw far d yu think that publicity (宣传) and marketing are winning here, and hw much real hnr f achievement is taking place?
12．Which f the fllwing award will the authr recgnize as hnrable?
A．The Nbel PrizeB．The Turner Prize
C．The OscarsD．Wrld Ftballer f the Year
13．Which f the fllw statements des the writer may agree with?
A．Only great peple like Shakespeare shuld be awarded.
B．Nt all awards and prizes g t peple wh deserve it.
C．Awards shuld be green t peple with mney prblems.
D．Organizatins and cmpanies shuld stay away frm awards ceremnies.
14．What des the underlined wrd “cntrversy” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．prizesB．lssesC．agreementsD．arguments
15．The writer believes the awards shuld be given t ______.
A．praise the winnersB．reward peple with unusual talents
C．imprve marketingD．hnr the real achievements
Traveling alne can be a very satisfying and fun experience. It can als be dangerus withut the prper preparatin. 16 , yu can make excellent memries carry with yu frever.
Plan yur transprtatin ahead f time. Getting arund by yurself in a new place can be challenging. Take the time t research the best transprtatin t yur destinatin. 17 , make sure yu knw hw t get t yur accmmdatins.
Bk yur accmmdatins ahead f time. Befre yu get there, make sure yu knw where yu’ll be sleeping every night. 18 . As a sl (单独的) traveler, apartments and htels can be affrdable chices if yu’re traveling n a budget (预算).
Educate yurself n yur destinatin and its custms. As a sl traveler, it’s imprtant that yu’re aware f everything ging n arund yu. Research its culture t avid any awkward situatins. 19 , study key phrases and the crrect prnunciatins.
20 . It’s always best t make sure smene knws where yu are when yu’re traveling alne. Chsing a friend r a family member is OK. Schedule regular calls r emails with them during yur trip s that they knw yu’re OK.
A．Once yu arrive at the airprt r statin
B．Write yur schedule with the help f peple
C．Share yur schedule with smene that yu trust
D．With the right planning and preparatin fr anything
E．If yu are visiting a freign language speaking cuntry
F．It wn’t cst yu t much if bking accmmdatins nline
G．Bking accmmdatins ahead f time will help yu avid high csts
二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）
They were gathering at the starting line — runners f all ages, shapes and sizes — preparing fr the first 5K f the spring seasn. I knew this because I had 21 at the park’s public restrm n my way t buy dnuts and 22 the huge banner (横幅) annuncing the race.
Fr sme reasn, I decided t sit n the grass and watch the race begin. I was fascinated by the 23 I witnessed. There were teenagers and grandmas, mamas with babies strapped (捆) t their 24 , and dads fllwed by their yung sns and daughters. 25 were happening everywhere befre the fficials 26 fr the start.
Everyne lked glad t be there — prud, 27 . I wndered what arused such enthusiasm. The idea f running fr any reasn 28 chasing dwn an ice-cream truck had never been 29 t me.
As the runners tk their places, I heard 30 frm the bleachers (看台). “G, Barbara! Yu gt this, Mama!” “Grandpa, we lve yu! We’re s prud f yu.”
I decided t stay and watch. Fr sme reasn, the race became a study in human nature. I was 31 by the excitement. Wh wuld crss line first? Hw lng had that persn been running? When did he r she becme 32 t the sprt? Fr the first time in ages, smething attracted me lng enugh that dnuts tk a back seat.
I didn’t stp fr dnuts that day, I can’t tell yu 33 why. I can tell yu that smething transfrmative 34 that race day. Nw when I stp at the park t use the public restrm, I als run the quarter-mile track. Smeday, I hpe t hear my family’s vices cming frm thse bleachers when they see Nanny 35 the finish line.
21．A．stppedB．aimedC．staredD．arrived
22．A．imaginedB．explredC．rememberedD．nticed
23．A．friendlinessB．kindnessC．patienceD．diversity
24．A．armsB．legsC．backsD．hands
25．A．high-fivesB．push-upsC．thumb-upsD．sit-ups
26．A．preparedB．searchedC．signaledD．waited
27．A．fr freeB．in shrtC．fr exampleD．in fact
28．A．mre thanB．ther thanC．rather thanD．less than
29．A．appealingB．cnfusingC．cmfrtingD．frightening
30．A．whisperingB．cheeringC．laughingD．crying
31．A．cnfusedB．scaredC．attractedD．saddened
32．A．devtedB．friendlyC．sensitiveD．familiar
33．A．carefullyB．bviuslyC．vividlyD．exactly
34．A．disappearedB．happenedC．returnedD．survived
35．A．crssB．findC．leaveD．draw
三、语法填空（本大题共6小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Minr Snw is the 20th slar term in the traditinal Chinese lunar calendar. It usually falls n Nvember 22nd r the nearby days, 36 (mark) the beginning f the clder weather and the apprach f snw. During Minr Snw, it starts t snw 37 (light) in many places, especially in nrthern China, and the temperature cntinues t drp.
The name “Minr Snw” suggests that the snwfall at this time is nt heavy, 38 it’s a sign that clder weather is cming. In ancient China, peple 39 (bserve) the changes f nature during Minr Snw and divided it 40 three phases: the disappearance f rainbws, the hiding f vitality by living things, and the withering f frests.
There are als many traditinal custms 41 (assciate) with Minr Snw. Fr example, peple in nrthern China like t stre vegetables like Chinese cabbage, radish and 42 (ptat) in the cellar(地窖). In suthern China, peple start making sausages and cured meat. Fishermen begin t dry fish fr the winter, and the neat 43 (arrange) f dried, salted fish in the winter sunshine is a vivid picture f early winter.
In additin, Minr Snw is a time fr families 44 (gather) and enjy delicius fd. There’s a special liqur during Minr Snw called “Light Snw Liqur” 45 is made with the clearest spring water and tastes delicius, especially n a cld winter day.
46．The film yu see n the screen is the prduct f a huge amunt f hard wrk, mst f takes place behind the scenes. （用适当的词填空）
47．My lecture tday may nt be able t d （just）t all the wrk peple have dne behind the scenes. （所给词的适当形式填空）
48．Wrking ut can help yu reduce stress and get negative feelings. (用适当的词填空)
49． (help) yur muscles recver and repair themselves after exercise, yu need t eat fds rich in prtein. (所给词的适当形式填空)
50．Tai Chi has taught me t relax my mind, (enable) me t stay cl in stressful situatin. (所给词的适当形式填空)
四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）
51．假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Peter一直在学习中文，他想看一部中国电影，希望你能推荐一部中国影片。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
（1）电影的基本介绍和简要情节；
（2）推荐这部电影的理由。
注意：（1）词数应为80左右；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter，
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs，
Li Hua
五、书面表达（本大题共1小题）
52．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
This past summer, my family went n ur annual vacatin in a cttage n a lake. There were varius activities t keep everyne busy: swimming, fishing and building sand castle n the beach. In the evenings, we gathered n the beach, having great fun.
Hwever, by the third day f ur vacatin, I nticed my sister, Jane, spent mst f her time watching vides and lking thrugh nline shps indrs. She was s addicted t her cellphne! Over dinner, I tld Jane we wuld hike t the tp f the muntain acrss the lake the fllwing mrning. I stared at her, “Put yur phne away and enjy the scenery. It’s really amazing.”
“Well,” Jane shrugged her shulders and answered unwillingly, “there are sme bargains tmrrw in several nline shps, s I’ll nt be available.”
“Cme ut t enjy the fresh air and many views. Hiking is fun!”
“Sunds mre like punishment than a vacatin,” she didn’t lk up frm her sup and mumbled (嘟囔), “I can’t walk that far.”
When I said it nly tk half an hur f steady walking t climb t the tp, she ndded, “OK, I’ll g.”
The next mrning was perfect fr a hike, with sunny clear skies and gentle winds. I gt up early and packed sme sandwiches and bttles f water int my backpack alng with the camera. Jane came slwly dwnstairs, and annunced in a very unenthusiastic vice, “I’m ready t g, Jim.”
Anyway, we stepped ut f ur cttage and quite a different view unflded befre ur eyes. Against the blue skies, a rugh path wund t the tp f the muntain acrss the lake with wild flwers and grass n bth sides. The sunlight brightened n the glassy surface f the lake. We began frm the path. “I’m still wndering if this is a gd idea, but if yu culd d it, I culd als d.” She cmplained, frwning.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
She fllwed me, her mind wandering.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Reaching the tp, Jane widened her eyes, shuting, “Hw wnderful!”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了维多利亚州四所最佳学校露营基地及其特色活动。
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据Burnside Camp标题下的“These include biking, caneing, and exciting bush night hikes.(其中包括骑自行车、划独木舟和令人兴奋的丛林之夜徒步旅行)”可知，学生们可以在Burnside Camp参加令人兴奋的丛林之夜徒步之旅。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据Camp Wilkin标题下的“It ffers the best schl camp accmmdatin in Victria fr large grups, accmmdating up t 163 students.(它为大型团体提供了维多利亚州最好的学校营地住宿，最多可容纳163名学生)”可知，Camp Wilkin能够容纳163名学生，和其他三个相比，它的可接待量最大。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据Halls Gap标题下的“One f the best schl camps in Victria fr natural sightseeing, it features reserved activities taking the frm f shrt jurneys t experience sme f the largest waterfalls in Victria. (它是维多利亚州最好的自然观光学校营地之一，以需预定的短途旅行的形式体验维多利亚州一些最大的瀑布为特色)”可知，Halls Gap的独特之处在于需要提前预定。故选B
【答案】4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在高中毕业后选专业和大学期间更换专业的心路历程。作者通过自身经历告诉读者，大学不仅是学术学习场所，更是个人探索和自我发现的舞台，鼓励学生在大学期间探索和发现适合自己的道路。
【解析】4． 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“High schl ended and all I remembered was feeling stuck. Mst f my peers (同龄人) had picked ut their majrs and sme even planned their careers. But I was still wndering abut that. (高中结束了，我只记得被困住了。我的大多数同龄人都选择了自己的专业，有些人甚至计划了自己的职业生涯。但我仍对此感到疑惑。)”可知，作者在高中毕业后感到迷茫主要是因为她在确定未来方向上遇到了难题。故选D项。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It wuld cmplement (补充) my cmmunicatins degree while prviding me with the necessary business curses that were utside f the prgram. Withut hesitatin, I scheduled marketing int my studies, with the gal f using that newfund knwledge t accmpany the technical skills that my majr wuld prvide me with. (它将补充我的沟通学位，同时为我提供课程之外的必要商业课程。我毫不犹豫地将市场营销纳入我的学习计划，目的是利用新学到的知识来配合我的专业将为我提供的技术技能。)”可知，作者认为市场营销能够作为她传播学学位的补充，同时也能提供课程之外的必要的商业知识，也就是说市场营销对作者的吸引力主要在于它的商业课程。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“As time went n, I fund myself enjying the marketing curses mre than the cmmunicatins curses, and it was then that I first began t cnsider making a change. (随着时间的推移，我发现自己更喜欢营销课程而不是沟通课程，就在那时，我第一次开始考虑做出改变。)”可知，作者在大学期间发现自己更喜欢营销课程，而不是最初选择的传播学课程，这促使作者考虑转专业。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It’s perfectly fine t cme int university thinking yu want ne thing and finding ut alng the way that it might nt be the right path fr yu. (进入大学时，你认为自己想要一件事，但一路上发现这可能不是你的正确选择，这是完全可以的。)”以及结合作者转专业的经历及其对待转专业的态度“I culdn’t be happier abut making the change (做出改变，我高兴极了)”可推断，作者建议高中生对在大学中改变初衷或者改变学术道路（转专业）持开放态度。故选B项。
【答案】8．B 9．C 10．C 11．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究发现减少添加糖的摄入有助于中年女性细胞“保持年轻”，说明低糖健康饮食对女性生物老化的影响。
【解析】8．细节理解题。根据第一段“A nutrient-rich (营养丰富) diet with few added sugars may slw rates f bilgical aging in wmen, a new research suggests.(一项新的研究表明，营养丰富、添加糖少的饮食可能会减缓女性的生物衰老速度)”可知，研究表明，低糖且健康的饮食可能延缓女性的衰老。故选B项。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段“In the study, wmen wh cnsumed higher amunts f added sugars shwed signs f faster cellular aging cmpared t thers, even if they ate ther healthy diet. “Added sugars” refer t sugars that are added t fd during prductin such as thse in sugared drinks and baked gds, as ppsed t the naturally ccurring sugars fund in milk, fruits and vegetables. (在这项研究中，与其他人相比，摄入更多添加糖的女性表现出更快的细胞衰老迹象，即使她们吃了其他健康的饮食。“添加糖”是指在生产过程中添加到食品中的糖，如含糖饮料和烘焙食品中的糖分，而不是牛奶、水果和蔬菜中天然存在的糖分)”可知，添加糖的食物，例如生日蛋糕，会使得细胞衰老更快。故选C项。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段“Epel and her clleagues analyzed fd recrds f 342 wmen ver three days. The team then scred each wman’s diet based n hw clsely it fllwed varius established diets: While nutrient-rich diets were tied t slwed aging, added sugars seemed t cntrl the effect. In the study, wmen wh cnsumed higher amunts f added sugars shwed signs f faster cellular aging cmpared t thers, even if they ate ther healthy diet.(Epel和她的同事在三天内分析了342名女性的饮食记录。然后，研究小组根据每个女性的饮食与各种既定饮食的密切程度对其进行评分：虽然营养丰富的饮食与延缓衰老有关，但添加的糖似乎控制了这种影响。在这项研究中，与其他人相比，摄入更多添加糖的女性表现出更快的细胞衰老迹象，即使她们吃了其他健康的饮食)”可知，Epel和同事通过比较不同饮食与细胞老化之间的关系来进行研究。故选C项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“These data shwed the links between diet and cellular aging, but they were nly a tip f the iceberg. In fact, mre research is needed t assess hw fllwing these diets might affect aging in the lng run.(这些数据显示了饮食与细胞衰老之间的联系，但它们只是冰山一角。事实上，需要更多的研究来评估长期遵循这些饮食会如何影响衰老)”可知，还需要进行更多的研究，由此推知，该研究缺乏进一步的支持。故选A项。
【答案】12．A 13．B 14．D 15．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了现在存在很多奖项和颁奖仪式，虽然奖项可以给予人们荣誉或帮助经济困难的人继续工作，但是现在的大部分奖项都是由大型组织或公司赞助的，其真正的荣誉和成就值得思考。
【解析】12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Nt all awards are as hnrable as the Nbel Prize (并非所有的奖项都像诺贝尔奖一样荣耀)”可知，作者认为诺贝尔奖是荣耀的奖项。故选A项。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Why have all these awards and ceremnies appeared recently? Shakespeare never wn a prize, nr did Lenard da Vinci r Adam Smith r Charles Dickens. (为什么最近出现了这么多的奖项和颁奖仪式？莎士比亚从未获得过奖项，达芬奇、亚当·斯密或查尔斯·狄更斯也从未获得过。)”和第五段“Mst awards ceremnies are nw spnsred (赞助) by big rganizatins r cmpanies. This means that it is nt nly the persn wh wins the award wh benefits—but als the spnsrs. (现在大多数颁奖典礼都是由大型组织或公司赞助的。这意味着受益的不仅是获奖者，还有赞助商。)”可推知，作者认为不是所有的奖项都颁给了应得的人。B选项“Nt all awards and prizes g t peple wh deserve it.(并不是所有的奖项和奖品都给了实至名归的人。)”符合题意。故选B项。
14．词义猜测题。根据画线词所在的句子“The Turner Prize is an award fr a British artist—each year it causes…by giving lts f mney t artists wh d things like displaying their beds, putting animals in glass cases r—this year—building a garden shed. Peple began t wnder whether these wrks were wrth the huge prize!( 特纳奖是授予一位英国艺术家的奖项，每年都会引起……，因为它会给那些做一些事情的艺术家大量的钱，比如展示他们的床，把动物放在玻璃柜里，或者今年建造一个花园小屋。人们开始怀疑这些作品是否值得获得巨额奖金！)”可知，因为特纳奖会给那些做一些事情的艺术家大量的钱，比如展示他们的床，把动物放在玻璃柜里，或者今年建造一个花园小屋。人们开始怀疑这些作品是否值得获得巨额奖金！由此可知，争划线词与D选项“arguments (争论)”为同义词。故选D项。
15．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Fr many peple, it seems t be a “win-win” situatin, with everyne being happy, but let me ask yu a questin—hw far d yu think that publicity (宣传) and marketing are winning here, and hw much real hnr f achievement is taking place? (对许多人来说，这似乎是一个“双赢”的局面，每个人都很高兴，但让我问你一个问题——你认为宣传和营销在这里有多大的作用，又有多少真正的荣誉和成就正在发生？)”可知，作者认为奖项应该被授予真正的成就，而不是宣传和营销。故选D项。
【答案】16．D 17．A 18．G 19．E 20．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了独自旅行时做好正确的计划和准备的建议。
【解析】16．前文“Traveling alne can be a very satisfying and fun experience. It can als be dangerus withut the prper preparatin. (独自旅行可以是一个非常令人满意和有趣的经历。如果没有适当的准备，它也可能是危险的)”说明如果没有准备，独自旅行会很危险，后文“yu can make excellent memries carry with yu frever (你可以让美好的回忆永远伴随着你)”说明有美好回忆的情况，因此D项“With the right planning and preparatin fr anything (对任何事情都有正确的计划和准备)”符合语境，建议做好计划和准备，承接前文提到的危险，是后文情况发生的条件，其中的preparatin和前文的preparatin是同词复现。故选D。
17．前文“Take the time t research the best transprtatin t yur destinatin. (花点时间研究一下到达目的地的最佳交通方式)”建议研究好交通方式，后文“make sure yu knw hw t get t yur accmmdatins (确保你知道如何到达你的住处)”说明需知道到达住处的方式，因此A项“Once yu arrive at the airprt r statin (一旦你到达机场或车站)”符合语境，引出到达机场或车站的情景，承前启后，其中的the airprt r statin和前文的transprtatin、后文的accmmdatins呼应。故选A。
18．前文“Bk yur accmmdatins ahead f time. Befre yu get there, make sure yu knw where yu’ll be sleeping every night. (提前预定住宿。在你去那里之前，确保你知道你每天晚上要睡在哪里)”建议提前预定住宿，因此G项“Bking accmmdatins ahead f time will help yu avid high csts (提前预定住宿可以帮助你避免高昂的费用)”符合语境，解释这样做的好处，承接前文，其中的Bking accmmdatins ahead f time呼应本段第一句的内容。故选G。
19．后文“study key phrases and the crrect prnunciatins (学习重点短语和正确的发音)”建议学习语言方面的知识，因此E项“If yu are visiting a freign language speaking cuntry (如果你正在拜访一个说外语的国家)”符合语境，引出“去说外语的国家”的情况，契合后文内容。故选E。
20．空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容。后文“It’s always best t make sure smene knws where yu are when yu’re traveling alne. Chsing a friend r a family member is OK. (当你独自旅行时，最好确保有人知道你在哪里。选择一个朋友或家庭成员是可以的)”说明独自旅行应和他人保持联络，因此C项“Share yur schedule with smene that yu trust (与你信任的人分享你的日程安排)”符合语境，建议告知信任的人自己的日程安排，契合后文内容，其中的smene that yu trust和后文的a friend r a family member呼应。故选C。
【答案】
21．A 22．D 23．D 24．C 25．A 26．C 27．D 28．B 29．A 30．B 31．C 32．A 33．D 34．B 35．A
【分析】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在去买甜甜圈的路上偶然看到了春季第一个五公里赛跑的比赛现场，各种年龄、身材、体型的运动员聚集在一起，激情满满地为比赛做准备，看台上的亲友团们也充满热情地为他们喝彩加油，作者被深深地吸引，内心因此产生了触动，从此作者也开始了跑步，生活也变得有所不同。
【解析】21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道这一点，因为我在去买甜甜圈的路上在公园的公共厕所停了下来，注意到宣布比赛的巨大横幅。A. stpped停止、停下来；B. aimed针对、瞄准；C. stared盯着、凝视；D. arrived到达。根据句中“public restrm”和“n my way t buy dnuts”及常识可知，作者应该是在去买甜甜圈的路上要去公共厕所，所以停了下来。故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道这一点，因为我在去买甜甜圈的路上在公园的公共厕所停了下来，注意到宣布比赛的巨大横幅。A. imagined想象；B. explred探索；C. remembered记住；D. nticed注意到。根据下文“Fr sme reasn, I decided t sit n the grass and watch the race begin. ”（出于某种原因，我决定坐在草地上观看比赛开始。）可知，作者停下后应该是看到了宣布比赛的横幅，然后决定观看比赛开始的。故选D。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被我所看到的多样性所吸引。A. friendliness友好；B. kindness善良；C. patience耐心；D. diversity多样性、多元化。根据上文“They were gathering at the starting line-runners f all ages, shapes and sizes”（他们聚集在起跑线上，各种年龄、身形和体形的跑步者）和下文“There were teenagers and grandmas, mamas with babies strapped (捆) t their 4 , and dads fllwed by their yung sns and daughters.”（有十几岁的少年和老奶奶，背着婴儿的妈妈，还有带着年幼儿女的爸爸。）可知，参加比赛的选手包括各种年龄、不同身形，不同性别的，非常多样化。故选D。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有十几岁的少年和老奶奶，背着婴儿的妈妈，还有带着年幼儿女的爸爸。A. arms胳膊；B. legs腿；C. backs后背；D. hands手。根据句中“mamas with babies strapped (捆) t”和常识可知，应该是妈妈要参加比赛，应该是把宝宝绑在背上，背着跑的。故选C。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在官员发出开始信号之前，到处都在击掌。A. high-fives击掌；B. push-ups俯卧撑；C. thumb-ups点赞；D. sit-ups仰卧起坐。根据下文“Everyne lked glad t be there — prud”（每个人看起来都很高兴来到这里，自豪着）和常识可知，每个人都很高兴自豪，所以在比赛开始前，应该是相互击掌鼓励。故选A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在官员发出开始信号之前，到处都在击掌。A. prepared准备；B. searched寻找；C. signaled发信号；D. waited等待。根据下文“fr the start”和常识可知，比赛开始需要由官员们发出信号示意的。故选C。
27．考查介词短语辨析。句意：每个人看起来都很高兴来到这里——实际上是自豪。A. fr free免费；B. in shrt短缺；C. fr example例如；D. in fact实际上。根据下文“I wndered what arused such enthusiasm.”（我不知道是什么引起了这样的热情。）可知，参赛的选手们都非常高兴，充满了热情，可见他们实际上对自己参加比赛非常自豪。故选D。
28．考查固定短语辨析。句意：除了追赶一辆冰激凌车之外，为了任何原因跑步的想法从来没有吸引过我。A. mre than多于、不仅仅；B. ther than除了……之外；C. rather than而不是；D. less than少于。根据前文“I wndered what arused such enthusiasm.”（我不知道是什么引起了这样的热情。）和下文的“Fr the first time in ages, smething attracted me lng enugh that dnuts tk a back seat.”（这么多年来，第一次有东西吸引了我，让我把甜甜圈退居二线。）可知，作者爱吃甜甜圈，有可能产生追赶一辆冰激凌车的想法，除此之外，作者应该没有产生过参加跑步比赛的想法，因为她不明白这些选手为什么会对跑步有这么大的热情。故选B。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了追赶一辆冰淇淋车之外，为了任何原因跑步的想法对我从无吸引力。A. appealing有吸引力的；B. cnfusing令人困惑的；C. cmfrting令人欣慰的；D. frightening令人害怕的。根据前文“I wndered what arused such enthusiasm.”（我不知道是什么引起了这样的热情。）可知，作者不明白这些选手为什么会对跑步有那么大的热情，可见参加跑步的想法对她从来没有吸引力。故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当赛跑运动员各就各位时，我听到看台上的欢呼加油声。A. whispering小声说；B. cheering欢呼、喝彩；C. laughing大笑；D. crying大哭。根据下文““G, Barbara! Yu gt this, Mama!” “Grandpa, we lve yu! We’re s prud f yu.””（“去，芭芭拉!你能行的，妈妈!”“爷爷，我们爱您!我们为你感到骄傲。”）可知，看台上都是来自亲友团的欢呼加油声。故选B。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被这种兴奋所吸引。A. cnfused使迷惑；B. scared使害怕；C. attracted吸引；D. saddened使伤心。根据下文“Fr the first time in ages, smething attracted me lng enugh that dnuts tk a back seat.”（这么多年来，第一次有东西吸引了我，让我把甜甜圈退居二线。）可知，作者被人们的兴奋激动所吸引。故选C。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他或她什么时候开始热衷于这项运动的？A. devted热衷的；B. friendly友好的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文“Fr sme reasn, the race became a study in human nature.”（出于某种原因，这场比赛成了对人性的研究。）和“Wh wuld crss line first? Hw lng had that persn been running? ”（谁会先冲过线？那个人跑了多久了？）可知，作者开始研究参赛选手，作者应该是对他们什么开始热衷于这项运动感到好奇。故选A。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：那天我没有停下来买甜甜圈，我不能确切地告诉你为什么。A. carefully仔细地；B. bviusly明显地；C. vividly生动地；D. exactly确切地。根据前文“Fr the first time in ages, smething attracted me lng enugh that dnuts tk a back seat.”（这么多年来，第一次有东西吸引了我，让我把甜甜圈退居二线。）和下文“I can tell yu that smething transfrmative 14 that race day.”（我可以告诉你那天发生了一改变性的事情。）可知，那天作者没有停下来买甜甜圈，因为有了更吸引她的东西，有了让她产生改变的事情，但是她并不能确切地说出是什么。故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可以告诉你那天发生了一些改变性的事情。A. disappeared消失；B. happened发生；C. returned返回；D. survived幸存。根据前文“The idea f running fr any reasn 8 chasing dwn an ice-cream truck had never been 9 t me.”（除了追赶一辆冰淇淋车之外，为了任何原因跑步的想法对我从无吸引力。）和下文“Nw when I stp at the park t use the public restrm, I als run the quarter-mile track.”（现在，当我在公园停下来使用公共厕所时，我也会跑四分之一英里的跑道。）可知，在观看比赛那天，作者就发生了一些改变，并对其以后的生活也产生了影响。故选B。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望有一天，当我的家人看到奶奶冲过终点线时，我能听到在看台上的他们的声音。A. crss穿过；B. find找到；C. leave离开；D. draw绘画。根据前文“As the runners tk their places, I heard 10 frm the bleachers (看台).”（当赛跑运动员各就各位时，我听到看台上的欢呼加油声。）和“Nw when I stp at the park t use the public restrm, I als run the quarter-mile track.”（现在，当我在公园停下来使用公共厕所时，我也会跑四分之一英里的跑道。）可知，作者也开始练习跑步，所以她希望有一天她也能参加比赛，当她冲过终点线时，期望能够听到看台上家人们的欢呼声。故选A。
【答案】
36．marking 37．lightly 38．but 39．bserved 40．int 41．assciated 42．ptates 43．arrangement 44．t gather 45．which/that
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国传统农历中的小雪节气，包括其时间、天气特点、古时划分的阶段、相关传统习俗以及与之相关的特色酒等内容。
【解析】36．考查非谓语动词。句意：它通常在11月22日或前后几天，标志着寒冷天气的开始和降雪的临近。句中已有谓语动词falls，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，mark与逻辑主语It之间为主动关系，需填现在分词形式。故填marking。
37．考查副词。句意：在小雪期间，许多地方开始下雪，尤其是在中国北方，雪下得不大，气温继续下降。空处修饰动词snw，需用副词形式。故填lightly。
38．考查连词。句意：“小雪”这个名字表明，此时的降雪量不大，但这是天气变冷的迹象。空处前后句之间为转折关系，需用连词but连接。故填but。
39．考查动词时态。句意：在中国古代，人们在小雪期间观察自然的变化，并将其分为三个阶段：彩虹的消失、生物活力的隐藏和森林的枯萎。根据时间状语In ancient China可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时。故填bserved。
40．考查介词。句意：在中国古代，人们在小雪期间观察自然的变化，并将其分为三个阶段：彩虹的消失、生物活力的隐藏和森林的枯萎。为固定短语，意为 “把……分成……”。故填int。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：还有许多与小雪相关的传统习俗。分析句子结构，句中已有谓语动词are，空处需填非谓语动词作定语，traditinal custms和assciate之间为被动关系，需填过去分词形式。故填assciated。
42．考查名词复数。句意：例如，中国北方的人们喜欢把白菜、萝卜和土豆等蔬菜储存在地窖里。ptat为可数名词，和cabbage，radish并列，此处表示不止一个土豆，需用名词复数形式。故填ptates。
43．考查名词。句意：渔民们开始晒鱼过冬，在冬日的阳光下，干咸鱼整齐的排列是初冬的一幅生动画面。此处作主语，需用名词形式，根据is可知，使用名词单数形式。故填arrangement。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，小雪时节是家人团聚、享受美食的时节。此处需用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词time。故填t gather。
45．考查定语从句。句意：小雪时节有一种特殊的酒叫 “小雪酒”，它是用最清澈的泉水酿制而成的，味道鲜美，尤其是在寒冷的冬日。空处引导定语从句，先行词“Light Snw Liqur”指物，在从句中作主语，需用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
46．【答案】which
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：你在银幕上看到的这部电影是大量艰苦工作的产物，其中大部分工作都是在幕后进行的。分析句子结构，此句为非限制性定语从句。先行词a huge amunt f hard wrk在从句作f的宾语，从句不完整，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
47．【答案】justice
【详解】考查名词。句意：我今天的演讲可能无法公正地评价人们在幕后所做的所有工作。空格处用名词作宾语，just的名词是justice，意为“公正”，是不可数名词，d justice t意为“公平对待”，故填justice。
48．【答案】ver
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：锻炼可以帮助你减轻压力并且克服消极情绪。根据句意可知，这里需用短语get ver，表示“克服”，后接名词作宾语。故填 ver。
49．【答案】T help
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了帮助你的肌肉在运动后恢复和修复，你需要吃富含蛋白质的食物。句中已有谓语动词need t eat，空处为非谓语；根据句意可知，用不定式表示目的。故填T help。
50．【答案】enabling
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：太极教会我放松我的头脑，使我在紧张的情况下保持冷静。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语Tai Chi 与enable之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填enabling，
51．【答案】Dear Peter,
I'm mre than glad t receive yur e-mail saying yu are interested in Chinese mvies. Amng all the mvies I've watched, there's ne that left a deep impressin n me.I will intrduce it t yu in details.
American Dreams in China, directed by Peter Chan, is based n the real stry f Yu Minhng wh is the funder f New Oriental Schl. The mvie, fcusing n friendship and dreams, mainly tells us the stry f the three partners setting up the largest English training schl in China after meeting lts f difficulties.The directr pictures the changes in Chinese sciety with beautiful scenes and sentimental sundtrack. American Dreams in China cnveys a message that we shuld stick t ur dreams.
I strngly recmmend it fr yu because yu can see a ttally different China in it. I d hpe yu will enjy it. I am lking frward t receiving yur feedback and sharing mre with yu.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【分析】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给美国笔友Peter写一封信，推荐一部中国影片。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→pleased/delighted
留下深刻印象：leave a deep impressin → make a deep impressin
详细地：in details→ at length
坚持：stick t→persist in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The directr pictures the changes in Chinese sciety with beautiful scenes and sentimental sundtrack.
拓展句：The directr pictures the changes in Chinese sciety with beautiful scenes and sentimental sundtrack, which is illustrated vividly alng with the behavirs f the characters.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
American Dreams in China, directed by Peter Chan, is based n the real stry f Yu Minhng wh is the funder f New Oriental Schl.（运用了同位语和定语从句）
[高分句型2]
The mvie, fcusing n friendship and dreams, mainly tells us the stry f the three partners setting up the largest English training schl in China after meeting lts f difficulties.（运用了现在分词作定语）
52．【答案】One pssible versin:
She fllwed me, her mind wandering. Minutes later, we started t climb a steep slpe. Jane sighed, dragging her legs behind me. I was surprised t find sme rarely-seen trees and flwers, and tk many phts but Jane shwed n interest. She stpped and sat n a rck, thirsty, sweaty and bred. I handed her a bttle f water and we tk a break. “I missed my phne.” she cmplained as we cntinued climbing. Thugh unhappy, she just climbed alng with me.
Reaching the tp, Jane widened her eyes, shuting, “Hw wnderful!” She lked arund dreamily, her eyes twinkling with wild excitement. A refreshing breeze brushed the muntain tp, miles f trees spread ut belw us and birds chirped between branches. We sat n a large rck and ate sandwiches, enjying the sunds, the smells and the sunlight. “Anyne still wants her phne?” I jked. She rlled her eyes, laughing ut lud. The next mrning, Jane danced t my rm, crying, “Let’s hike arund the lake tday.” Sure, get ur backpack then, I beamed, relieved and jyful.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲的是作者全家去湖边的一间小屋度假，他们都玩得很愉快，但是作者第三天发现他的妹妹Jane沉迷于手机，所以他决定让Jane和他一起出去爬山。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“她跟着我，心不在焉”可知，第一段可描写Jane虽然同意和作者一起爬山，但是感觉爬山很累，不如玩手机有趣。
②由第二段首句内容“登上山顶时，Jane睁大了眼睛，喊道：‘太棒了！’”可知，第二段可描写Jane到达山顶看到美景惊讶，从此爱上了户外活动。
2.续写线索：Jane勉强同意外出爬山——途中，Jane抱怨这次爬山体验——到达山顶，Jane被美景征服——从此爱上户外活动
3.词汇激活
行为类
①休息一会儿：take a break/take a rest /have a rest
②抱怨：cmplain /make a cmplaint
③笑容满面：beam/be all smiles
情绪类
①惊讶的： surprised /astnished/amazed
②不高兴的：unhappy/ uncheerful/upset
③兴奋：excitement/thrill
【点睛】[高分句型1]Jane sighed, dragging her legs behind me. (使用非谓语作状语)
[高分句型2]She lked arund dreamily, her eyes twinkling with indescribably wild excitement. (使用独立主格结构)