2023~2024学年广东省惠州市博罗县高一上学期1月期末英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2023~2024学年广东省惠州市博罗县高一上学期1月期末英语试卷（解析版），共20页。
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题3 分，满分45 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Chances are that yu have spent way t much time in frnt f yur screen in the past few mnths. This year, let’s get utdrs. Belw are a few places that’ll have yu feeling refreshed.
The classic: Vermnt
In Vermnt, nature always takes center stage. Whether it’s the snwy muntains in winter, the wildflwers in spring, swimming. hles in summer, r the clrful leaves in fall, there’s always smething new t explre. Hit the Green Muntains fr camping, skiing, and rafting adventures
The relaxing island: Jekyll Island
If yu’re lking t relax, Jekyll Island is the place t g. Yu’ll have seven beaches t chse frm. While yu’re there, visit the Gergia Sea Turtle Center, which ffers turs and educatinal prgrams abut the preservatin f this endangered species.
The hidden gem: Tenerife
Tenerife might nt be as well-knwn as sme ther islands, but that’ll change sn thanks t new direct flights frm the East Cast. It’s packed with natural wnders, vineyards and beaches. Spend the day whale watching and then head ut fr stargazing at night.
The adventurus pick: Csta Rica
Csta Rica is a ppular spt that still feels undiscvered. Hike thrugh lava fields r zip line abve the jungle fr an exciting adventure. Head t the beach with yur favrite surfing bard, d mrning yga, r simply relax all day. Fr a taste f lcal culture, visit a cffee farm r wander thrugh Santa Teresa fr drinks with a view.
Fr mre brchures abut ther package tan-utdrs, cntact us at packageturs@travel.rg.
1. Which place will attract animal prtectrs?
A. Tenerife.B. Vermnt.
C. Csta RicaD. Jekyll Island
2. What can travelers d in Csta Rica?
A. G skiing.B. G surfing.
C. G campingD. G stargazing.
3. Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A. A textbk.B. A newspaper
C. A travel jurnal.D. A travel brchure.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个户外游玩的地方。
【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“While yu’re there, visit the Gergia Sea Turtle Center, which ffers turs and educatinal prgrams abut the preservatin f this endangered species.(当你在那里的时候，可以参观乔治亚海龟中心，那里提供关于保护这种濒危物种的旅游和教育项目)”可知，Jekyll Island会吸引动物保护者。故选D。
【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Head t the beach with yur favrite surfing bard, d mrning yga, r simply relax all day. (带着你最喜欢的冲浪板去海滩，早上做瑜伽，或者只是放松一整天)”可知，游客可以在哥斯达黎加冲浪。故选B。
【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Chances are that yu have spent way t much time in frnt f yur screen in the past few mnths. This year, let’s get utdrs. Belw are a few places that’ll have yu feeling refreshed.(在过去的几个月里，你很可能在屏幕前花了太多时间。今年，让我们到户外去吧。下面是几个能让你神清气爽的地方)”结合文章主要介绍了四个户外游玩的地方。可推知，文章选自旅行册。故选D。
B
We’re abut 4 miles frm Gallaudet University, where Slmn is a prfessr f bilgy. She and a student -Anna McCall -are taking a small bat t cllect water samples frm the Anacstin River. The river is n mre than 8 miles lng, but it ges thrugh and arund Washingtn DC.
Fr mnths, Slmn and her students have been testing fr xygen, salt levels and chlrphyll (叶绿素) in the river t judge is present state f health, which unfrtunately appears t be pr.
T McCall, wh was brn deaf, Slmn is mre than a rle mdel. She’s a great teacher, strict but fair. McCall said, “if it weren’t fr Slmn, I culdn’t imagine ding this kind f wrk.”
Slmn was the nly deaf persn in her family. In schl, she was always gd at math and science, but her interest in the envirnment didn’t develp until she was a teenager.
“When I was in high schl, my dad was a visiting prfessr at the U. S. Naval Academy,” Slmn said. “We rented a huse by a small river. We weren’t able t swim in the river because it was t plluted.”
Slmn, wh wn 13 gld medals in swimming in the Deaflympics, wuld never frget that plluted river near her huse. A career in science and envirnmental studies became her passin. But she als fund anther passin (热情): “Hw can I influence ther deaf and hard-f-hearing students?”
It was a questin based n Slmn’s wn experience as a cllege student, first as an undergraduate (本科生) at Harvard, then as a graduate student at the University f Washingtn. These were schls where she was usually the nly deaf persn in the class.
Training the next generatin f bilgists wh happen t be deaf has becme Slmn’s gal, and fr that she has received high praise at Gallaudet. Nt because she’s an especially gifted teacher, but because she has learned hw t get her students t fcus n what they’re capable f nt what they’re limited by.
4. What can we learn abut Anna McCall?
A. She is a deaf student f Slmn’s.
B. She is a rle mdel fr all students.
C. She is a river cleaner in Washingtn DC.
D. She is a prfessr at Gallaudet University
5. Which f the fllwing wrds best describe Slmn as a teenager?
A. Hnest and brave.B. Passinate and psitive.
C. Patient and pwerfulD. Selfless and careful
6. Why has Slmn received high praise at Gallaudet?
A. Because she has been very strict with her students.
B. Because she has a natural ability t be a gd teacher
C. Because she has helped her students develp their abilities
D. Because she has helped her students knw their limitatins
7. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Hw t Take Water Samples f a River
B. Hw t Becme a Successful Bilgist
C. Train the Next Generatin f Bilgists
D. Teach Deaf Students They Can D Anything
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过对天生失聪的Slmn对环境保护以及对下一代人的能力的培养的故事的描写，文章主要讲述了Slmn如何帮助失聪的学生培养自己的能力。
【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“T McCall, wh was brn deaf, Slmn is mre than a rle mdel. She’s a great teacher, strict but fair. (对于天生失聪的McCall来说，Slmn不仅仅是一个偶像。她还是个伟大的老师，严格却公平。)”可知，Anna McCall是Slmn的一个失聪学生，故选A。
【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第六段“A career in science and envirnmental studies became her passin. But she als fund anther passin (热情): “Hw can I influence ther deaf and hard-f-hearing students?” (从事科学和环境研究成为了她的爱好。但她也找到了另一种激情：“我应该怎样才能影响其他聋哑学生呢？”)”可知，Slmn是一个对科学和环境充满热情的人，且她自己本身就是一个聋哑人，却用自己的行动来影响鼓励其他聋哑学生，因此她也是一个积极乐观的人，故选B。
【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Training the next generatin f bilgists wh happen t be deaf has becme Slmn’s gal, and fr that she has received high praise at Gallaudet. Nt because she’s an especially gifted teacher, but because she has learned hw t get her students t fcus n what they’re capable f nt what they’re limited by. (培养下一代碰巧失聪的生物学家已经成为了Slmn的目标，因此她在Gallaudet获得了高度赞誉。不是因为她是一位特别有天赋的老师，而是因为她学会了如何让学生专注于他们的能力，而不是他们所受的限制。)”可知，Slmn在Gallaudet获得了高度赞誉是因为她让学生专注于他们的能力，帮助他们发展了自己的能力，故选C。
【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Training the next generatin f bilgists wh happen t be deaf has becme Slmn’s gal, and fr that she has received high praise at Gallaudet. Nt because she’s an especially gifted teacher, but because she has learned hw t get her students t fcus n what they’re capable f nt what they’re limited by. (培养下一代碰巧失聪的生物学家已经成为了Slmn的目标，因此她在Gallaudet获得了高度赞誉。不是因为她是一位特别有天赋的老师，而是因为她学会了如何让学生专注于他们的能力，而不是他们所受的限制。)”以及全文天生失聪的Slmn对环境保护以及对下一代人的能力的培养的故事的描写，文章主要讲述了Slmn如何帮助失聪的学生培养自己的能力，故D项“告诉聋哑学生他们可以做任何事情”符合文章标题，故选D。
C
Nt all birds sing, but sme species(物种)d it a lt. They sing t prtect their place and impress pssible mates (配偶). “Why birds sing is relatively well-answered,” says Iris Adam, a behaviral neurscientist at the University f Suthern Denmark. The big questin was: Why d birds sing s ften?
In a new study, Adam and her team members ffer a new explanatin, suggesting that sngbirds may have t sing a lt t give their vcal (声音的) muscles the regular exercise they need t prduce tp-quality sng. These findings culd be related t human vices t. “Anytime yu stp speaking, yu might experience a lss in vcal perfrmance,” said Adam, “sngbirds ne day culd help us imprve hw we train and restre ur wn vices.”
T figure ut whether the muscles that prduce birdsng require daily exercise, Adam designed a set f experiments n zebra finches.
One f her first experiments was abut taking males at the tp f their game, and cutting ff the cnnectin between their brains and singing muscles. “After tw days, they had lst sme f their perfrmance,” she said. “And after three weeks, they were back t the same level when they were yung and never had sung befre.”
Next she prevented the birds frm singing fr a week by keeping them in the dark almst arund the clck. After a week, the birds’ vcal muscles lst half their strength. When she played it fr a grup f female birds, six ut f nine preferred the sng that came frm a male wh’d been using his singing muscles daily.
Adam’s finding is that “sngbirds need t exercise their vcal muscles t prduce tp-perfrmance sng. If they dn’t sing, they lse perfrmance, and they get less attractive t females.”
It’s a gd rule t live by, whether yu’re a bird r a human — practice makes perfect, at least when it cmes t singing ne’s heart ut.
8. What’s the fcus f Adam and her team members’ study?
A. Hw birds train their vcal muscles.
B. The effect f music n birds’ behaviur.
C. The relatinship between brain functin and birds’ sng.
D. Whether birds need t sing ften t keep their singing ability.
9. What was the effect f preventing the birds frm singing fr a week?
A. Their vcal muscles became strnger.
B. They became mre attractive t females.
C. Their vcal muscles lst half their strength.
D. They didn’t shw any change in singing perfrmance.
10. Hw did the female birds react t the male bird using vcal muscles daily?
A. They did nt shw any preference.
B. Mst f them preferred his sng.
C. They fund his sng less attractive.
D. Nne f them were interested in his sng.
11. What’s the main message cnveyed by the study?
A. Birds need t sing t impress pssible mates.
B. Birds sing t mark their place and attract females.
C. Regular exercise is fr keeping birds’ singing perfrmance.
D. Human singing perfrmance can be imprved by studying sngs.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究人员通过实验发现，鸟类需要经常歌唱以锻炼他们的声音肌肉，以产生高质量的歌声。
【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“In a new study, Adam and her team members ffer a new explanatin, suggesting that sngbirds may have t sing a lt t give their vcal muscles the regular exercise they need t prduce tp-quality sng. These findings culd be related t human vices t. (在一项新的研究中，亚当和她的团队成员提供了一种新的解释，他们认为鸣禽可能必须经常唱歌，才能让它们的发声肌肉得到定期锻炼，从而发出高质量的歌曲。这些发现也可能与人类的声音有关。)”可知，亚当和她的团队研究的重点是鸟类是否需要经常唱歌来保持它们的歌唱能力。故选D。
【9题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“Next she prevented the birds frm singing fr a week by keeping them in the dark almst arund the clck. After a week, the birds’ vcal muscles lst half their strength. (接下来，她几乎全天候地把鸟儿关在黑暗中，让它们一个星期都不能唱歌。一周后，这些鸟的发声肌肉失去了一半的力量。) ”可知，一个星期不让鸟儿唱歌会让它们的发声肌肉失去一半的力量。故选C。
【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“When she played it fr a grup f female birds, six ut f nine preferred the sng that came frm a male wh’d been using his singing muscles daily.(当她为一群雌鸟播放这首歌时，九只雌鸟中有六只更喜欢每天都在使用唱歌肌肉的雄鸟发出的歌声。)”可知，大多数雌鸟更喜欢雄鸟每天用唱歌肌肉发出的声音。故选B。
【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段的“In a new study, Adam and her team members ffer a new explanatin, suggesting that sngbirds may have t sing a lt t give their vcal muscles the regular exercise they need t prduce tp-quality sng. These findings culd be related t human vices t. (在一项新的研究中，亚当和她的团队成员提供了一种新的解释，他们认为鸣禽可能必须经常唱歌，才能让它们的发声肌肉得到定期锻炼，从而发出高质量的歌曲。这些发现也可能与人类的声音有关。)”可知，文章主要讲述了研究发现，一些鸟类需要经常唱歌来保持它们的歌唱能力，因此C项(定期锻炼是为了保持鸟儿的歌唱能力)能够概括文章的大意。故选C。
D
There are thusands f languages in the wrld. But which language is the ldest? Experts use different methds t find ut the age f a language.
Finding the ldest language is a challenging task, accrding t Danny Hieber, an expert in the study f endangered languages. “If we think that mst languages can date back t an riginal human language, all languages are equally ld,” Hieber said. Hwever, it’s impssible t find ut such language —the direct ancestr f every language in the wrld. Accrdingly, sme experts believe that the “ldest language” shuld belng t ne with a well-established written recrd.
Many f the earliest recrded examples f writing cme frm languages that used cuneifrm script (楔形文字). Amng these languages are Sumerian and Akkadian, bth dating back at least 4,600 years. Experts have als fund Egyptian hierglyphs that date t arund the same histrical perid. These hierglyphs, which can be translated int “He has united the Tw Lands fr his sn, Dual King Peribsen,” are cnsidered the earliest cmplete sentence ever discvered.
Experts generally agree that Sumerian, Akkadian and Egyptian are the ldest languages with a clear written recrd. All three are extinct, meaning that they are n lnger used and dn’t have any living fllwers which can carry the language t the next generatin.
As fr the ldest language that is still spken, several cmpetitrs appear. Hebrew and Arabic stand ut amng such languages fr having timelines that experts can reasnably find, accrding t Hieber. Althugh these earliest written languages nly date back arund 3,000 years, Hieber said, “bth f them belng t the Afrasiatic language family, whse rts date back t 18, 000 t 8,000 B. C. E., r abut 20,000 t 10,000 years ag.” Even with this wide perid f time, it is widely accepted that Afrasiatic is the ldest language family. But the exact pint in time when Hebrew and Arabic separated frm ther Afrasiatic languages is heavily debated amng experts.
12. Hw d experts determine the age f a language?
A. By studying its spken dialects.B. By analyzing its basic grammar.
C. By examining its written recrds.D. By cmparing it t ther languages.
13. What is the value f the Egyptian hierglyphs?
A. They’re an example f cuneifrm script.
B. They belng t the Afrasiatic language.
C. They prvide evidence f the ldest language.
D. They’re the earliest-knwn cmplete sentences.
14. What des the underlined wrd “extinct” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. GneB. Ancient.C. Outdated.D. Active.
15. What is the main disagreement amng experts regarding Hebrew and Arabic?
A. The reasn fr their standing ut.B. The exact time f their separatin.
C. The appearance f their cmpetitrs.D. The rts f earliest written languages.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了专家是如何确定语言的年龄的以及一些已经灭绝了的古老语言。
【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Accrdingly, sme experts believe that the “ldest language” shuld belng t ne with a well-established written recrd.(因此，一些专家认为，“最古老的语言”应该属于具有完善书面记录的语言)”可知，专家通过审查书面记录来确定一种语言的年龄。故选C。
【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“These hierglyphs, which can be translated int “He has united the Tw Lands fr his sn, Dual King Peribsen,” are cnsidered the earliest cmplete sentence ever discvered.(这些象形文字可以翻译成“他为他的儿子——双王佩里布森统一了两块土地”，被认为是迄今为止发现的最早的完整句子)”可知，埃及象形文字的价值在于是已知最早的完整句子。故选D。
【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“meaning that they are n lnger used and dn’t have any living fllwers which can carry the language t the next generatin”可知，这三种语言不再被使用，也没有任何活着的追随者可以把这种语言传给下一代，即这三种语言都消失了。故划线词意思是“消失了的”。故选A。
【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“But the exact pint in time when Hebrew and Arabic separated frm ther Afrasiatic languages is heavily debated amng experts.(但是，希伯来语和阿拉伯语从其他亚非语言中分离出来的确切时间点在专家之间存在激烈的争论)”可知，专家们对希伯来语和阿拉伯语的主要分歧是它们分离出来的确切时间。故选B。
第二节 (共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Hw t Hst a Bk Swap
If yu lve the written wrd, yu prbably have a pile f bks smewhere in yur hme. ____16____If yu’re becming alarmed at the price f new bks, hld a bk swap. The idea is pretty simple Guests bring bks t share, and the accumulated bks are then redistributed t new wners. If yu’ve never held a bk swap befre, here are a few tips.
Send ut invitatins. A frmal invitatin shuld include the address, date and duratin. A 2 t 3 hur party gives everyne a chance t enjy the time and leave happy. ____17____Three bks are pretty standard. If yu want extras arund, dn’t set a maximum.
Prvide enugh space. Sme peple use ne large dining table and start piling up bks when they run ut f space. _____18_____They can ffer peple a chance t cnsider their selectins withut having t juggle piles f bks while they’re ding it.
____19____T make sure guests can find what interests them, the easiest way t d this is t mart sectins n the table fr specific types f bks. When peple arrive, hand ut a brief set f instructins, asking them t place their bks in the right categry.
Make it a party. When yu’re in the planning stages, think party and yu’ll be ne step ahead f the game. ____20____Create sme gd interactins with a little backgrund music. Have an area set aside fr cats and bags. Remember, yu are hsting a party!
A. Organize bks by types.
B. Prepare different kinds f bks.
C. Offer fd that’s easy t eat in a bite r tw
D. Hwever, the area arund the bk table may be small.
E. But there’s always a new bk arund that interests yu.
F. Actually, a cuple f tables can take care f the prblem.
G. It’s als a gd idea t limit the number f bks guests bring
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何举行一次换书活动。
【16题详解】根据上文“If yu lve the written wrd. yu prbably have a pile f bks smewhere in yur hme.(如果你喜欢文字。你家里可能有一堆书)”以及后文“If yu’re becming alarmed at the price f new bks, hld a bk swap. The idea is pretty simple Guests bring bks t share, and the accumulated bks are then redistributed t new wners. If yu’ve never held a bk swap befre, here are a few tips.(如果你对新书的价格感到担忧，那就进行一次图书交换。这个想法很简单，客人带着书来分享，然后积累的书被重新分配给新的主人。如果你以前从未举办过换书活动，这里有一些建议)”可知，上文提到了书很多，后文则提到新书价格很贵，推测本句内容应与上文构成转折，指出对新书感兴趣。故E选项“但是总有一本你感兴趣的新书”符合语境，故选E。
【17题详解】根据后文“Three bks is pretty standard. If yu want extras arund, dn’t set a maximum.(三本书是一个好标准。如果你想要额外的，不要设定上限)”可知，后文提到了三本书的标准，以及书籍的上限问题，可知本句是在说明带书的数量该如何安排。故G选项“限制客人带的书的数量也是个好主意”符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】根据上文“Sme peple use ne large dining table and start piling up bks when they run ut f space.(有些人使用一张大餐桌，当空间不够时就开始把书堆起来)”以及后文“They can ffer peple a chance t cnsider their selectins withut having t juggle piles f bks while they’re ding it.(它们可以让人们有机会考虑自己的选择，而不必在选择时翻阅成堆的书)”可知，本句主要针对上文空间不够的问题，提出解决方案。F选项中a cuple f tables对应后文They。故F选项“事实上，几张桌子就能解决问题了”符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】根据本段内容“T make sure guests can find what interests them, the easiest way t d this is t mart sectins n the table fr specific types f bks. When peple arrive, hand ut a brief set f instructins, asking them t place their bks in the right categry.(为了确保客人能找到他们感兴趣的书，最简单的方法是在桌子上为特定类型的书划分区域。当人们到达时，分发一套简短的说明，要求他们把书放在正确的类别)”可知，本段的主旨是为人们划分书籍的类型，来确保客人能找到他们感兴趣的书，故A选项“按类型整理书籍”符合语境，故选A。
【20题详解】根据上文“When yu’re in the planning stages, think party and yu’ll be ne step ahead f the game.(当你在计划阶段时，想想派对，你就会领先一步)”以及后文“Create sme gd interactins with a little backgrund music. Have an area set aside fr cats and bags. Remember, yu are hsting a party!(用一点背景音乐创造一些好的互动。留出一块地方放外套和包。记住，你正在举办一个聚会)”可知，本段主要建议通过举办派对的形式来举办换书活动，后文提到了音乐和放衣服的地方，结合常识，派对上还需要食物。故C选项“提供一两口就能吃完的食物”符合语境，故选C。
第二部分语言运用 (共五节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每 小 题 1 分 ， 满 分 1 5 分 )
Like mst f her schlmates in rural Zimbabwe, 12-year-ld Melisa has just ne type f fd in the meal cntainer she brings frm hme. Tday she finds ___21___ sweet ptates. Her friend Nyarai has plain rice. Others’ tins ___22___rasted nuts, dried fish. Or biled crn. “We bring different fds, but nbdy has a ___23___ meal,” explains Melisa. Kids with t little fd have fainted in class r ___24___ drpped ut f schl.
But nw Melisa and her schlmates are getting ___25___ when it cmes t what they and kids with t little fd are getting mre, because they are sharing what’s in their tins. At lunch, students ___26___ arund the schlyard in small grups that they call “lunch-tin clubs.” With their parents’ ___27___, they split up their fd. Nyarai finds her rice tastier when she shares it with Farisai and Linnet, wh share their drink r dried pieces f meat with her. “____28____ brings variety t the fd we eat,” Farisai says. “And it is gd fr ur health t.”
The clubs als ___29___ new friendships. Althugh Dennis and Prince live near each ther and are classmates, they ___30___ talked r played tgether befre. Nw, Prince says, “We are best friends at schl and at hme.”
Irene, a student teacher, sees anther ___31___ t the clubs. Kids nw freely share schl supplies withut quarreling. The schl des nt have enugh fr everyne, s tw kids may sit n ne chair, and fur may use the ___32___bk. “It’s difficult t share fd when yu are ____33____” Irene says. “If yu can d that, it becmes ___34___ t share many ther things.” The Lunch-Tin clubs cntributes t sharing fd and frming ___35___.
21. A. unckedB. eatenC. biledD. incmplete
22. A. hldB. cverC. pressD. rll
23. A. specificB. cmpleteC. similarD. classic
24. A. evenB. suddenlyC. hardlyD. ever
25. A. adviceB. strengthC. mneyD. variety
26. A. walkB. sitC. lkD. gather
27. A. attentinB. careC. permissinD. hpe
28. A. ExplringB. SharingC. DeliveringD. Wrking
29. A. wishB. suggestC. encurageD. change
30. A. graduallyB. ftenC. reallyD. rarely
31. A. benefitB. helpC. wayD. success
32. A. newB. sameC. ldD. different
33. A. sadB. excitedC. hungryD. cmfrtable
34. A. wiserB. easierC. harderD. calmer
35. A. grupsB. habitsC. methdsD. friendships
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了津巴布韦农村的学生互相分享各自的食物来填饱肚子，他们还成立了“午餐罐头俱乐部”，俱乐部同时也促进了学生之间的友谊。
【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天她找到了煮熟的红薯。A. uncked未煮过的；B. eaten吃；C. biled煮熟的；D. incmplete不完整的。根据后文“Or biled crn.”可知，此处指找到煮熟的食物。故选C。
【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他罐子里装的是烤坚果、鱼干。A. hld容纳，包含；B. cver覆盖；C. press按压；D. rll翻滚。根据后文“rasted nuts, dried fish”可知，此处指罐子里装有食物，应用hld。故选A。
【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们带来了不同的食物，但没有人有一顿完整的饭，”梅丽莎解释说。A. specific特别的；B. cmplete完整的；C. similar相似的；D. classic经典的。根据后文“Kids with t little fd have fainted in class”可知，孩子们的食物很少，没有人有一顿完整的饭，故选B。
【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：食物太少的孩子会在课堂上晕倒，甚至辍学。A. even甚至；B. suddenly突然；C. hardly几乎不；D. ever曾经。根据后文“drpped ut f schl”可知，此处指程度加深，食物太少的孩子会在课堂上晕倒，甚至辍学。故选A。
【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是现在，梅丽莎和她的同学们得到了各种各样的食物，那些食物太少的孩子们得到了更多的食物，因为他们分享了罐子里的食物。A. advice建议；B. strength力量；C. mney金钱；D. variety多样性。根据后文“because they are sharing what’s in their tins”可知，他们因为分享了自己的食物，所以得到了各种各样的食物，即获得了多样性。后文“brings variety t the fd we eat”也是提示。故选D。
【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：午餐时，学生们分成几个小组聚集在校园里，他们称之为“午餐罐头俱乐部”。A. walk散步；B. sit坐下；C. lk看；D. gather聚集。根据后文“arund the schlyard in small grups”指孩子们分成几个小组聚集在校园里，开始分享午餐。故选D。
【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在父母的允许下，他们把食物分了。A. attentin注意力；B. care关心；C. permissin允许；D. hpe希望。根据后文“they split up their fd”可知，孩子们分食物是得到了父母的允许。故选C。
【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“分享给我们吃的食物带来了多样性，”法瑞赛说。“这对我们的健康也有好处。”A. Explring探索；B. Sharing分享；C. Delivering递送；D. Wrking工作。根据后文“brings variety t the fd we eat”以及上文说明孩子们分享食物，可知分享食物给他们带来了多样性。故选B。
【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些俱乐部还鼓励建立新的友谊。A. wish希望；B. suggest建议；C. encurage鼓励；D. change改变。根据后文“Nw, Prince says, “We are best friends at schl and at hme. ”(现在普林斯说：“我们在学校和家里都是最好的朋友。”)”可知，俱乐部鼓励建立新的友谊。故选C。
【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然丹尼斯和普林斯住得很近，而且是同学，但他们以前很少在一起聊天或玩耍。A. gradually逐渐地；B. ften经常；C. really真地；D. rarely很少。根据后文“Nw, Prince says, “We are best friends at schl and at hme. ”(现在普林斯说：“我们在学校和家里都是最好的朋友。”)”可知，两人如今才是好朋友，说明以前很少在一起聊天或玩耍，but表示转折关系。故选D。
【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾琳是一名实习教师，她看到了俱乐部的另一个好处。A. benefit好处；B. help帮助；C. way方法；D. success成功。后文“Kids nw freely share schl supplies withut quarreling.(孩子们现在自由地分享学习用品，没有争吵)”可知，此处是俱乐部的另一个好处。故选A。
【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学校没有足够的座位给每个人，所以两个孩子可能坐在一张椅子上，四个孩子可能使用不同的书。A. new新的；B. same一样的；C. ld老的；D. different不同的。根据上文“The schl des nt have enugh fr everyne, s tw kids may sit n ne chair, and fur may use the”以及上文“Kids nw freely share schl supplies withut quarreling.(孩子们现在自由地分享学习用品，没有争吵)”可知，四个孩子可以使用不同的书，互相分享。故选D。
【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艾琳说：“当你饿的时候很难和别人分享食物。”A. sad悲伤的；B. excited激动的；C. hungry饥饿的；D. cmfrtable舒服的。根据上文“It’s difficult t share fd when yu are”以及常识可知，饥饿的时候难以和别人分享食物。故选C。
【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你能做到这一点，分享其他东西就会变得更容易。A. wiser更明智的；B. easier更容易的；C. harder更努力的；D. calmer更平静的。上文提到饥饿的时候难以和别人分享食物，所以如果你能做到饥饿的时候还去分享食物，那么分享其他东西就变得更容易了。故选B。
【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：午餐罐俱乐部有助于分享食物和建立友谊。A. grups组；B. habits习惯；C. methds方法；D. friendships友谊。呼应上文“new friendships”可知，此处指午餐罐俱乐部有助于分享食物和建立友谊。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tai Chi is part f China’s traditinal culture. It is a unique type f Chinese kung fu marked with slw and gentle mvements___36___ are designed fr self-prtectin, strengthening f bdy and preventin f diseases. Tai Chi’s mvements with deep breathing and relaxatin can help prmte inner peace and calm, s it is suitable___37___ peple f different ages.
Tai Chi___38___(date) back as far as 2, 500 years. It is said that Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th-century Taist, invented Tai Chi after watching ____39____ fight between a snake and a bird. Hwever, mre peple tend t believe that Tai Chi ___40___ (develp) n the basis f martial arts skills by Chen Wangting, a l7th-century master f Chinese martial arts.
In general, it is believed that Tai Chi can slw dwn aging, strengthen muscles, and aid in the treatment f heart disease, skin diseases and many ther____41____ (illness). Besides, Tai Chi can imprve md if peple are wrried r depressed. Accrding t sme studies, ____42____(practice) Tai Chi n a daily basis can als help peple get a ___43___ (gd) sleep. With s many benefits f Tai Chi, mre and mre peple begin t pick up this ___44___ (amaze) Chinese traditinal sprt t imprve the quality f ____45____ (they) life.
【答案】36. which/that 37. fr 38. dates 39. a 40. was develped 41. illnesses
42. practicing 43. better 44. amazing 45. their
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国太极拳的历史发展及其作用意义。
【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一种独特的中国功夫，动作缓慢柔和，旨在自我保护，增强身体和预防疾病。分析可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为mvements，指代事物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。
【37题详解】考查介词。句意：太极拳的动作伴随着深呼吸和放松，可以帮助促进内心的平静和平静，所以它适合不同年龄的人。be suitable fr“适合于”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填fr。
【38题详解】考查时态及主谓一致。句意：太极拳的历史可以追溯到2500年前。谓语动词date通常要用一般现在时，表示从现在追溯过去的历史，主语Tai Chi为单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：据说，13世纪的道家张三丰在观看了蛇与鸟的搏斗后，发明了太极拳。单数可数名词fight是泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定，fight以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
【40题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：然而，更多人倾向于认为太极拳是在17世纪中国武术大师陈王庭的武术技巧基础上发展起来的。动词develp和主语之间是被动关系，根据l7th-century可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，Tai Chi是单数，be动词使用was。故填was develped。
【41题详解】考查名词复数。句意：一般来说，人们认为太极拳可以延缓衰老，增强肌肉，并有助于治疗心脏病，皮肤病和许多其他疾病。many后应用名词复数形式。故填illnesses。
【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据一些研究，每天练习太极也可以帮助人们获得更好的睡眠。分析可知，此处应用其动名词，作主语。故填practicing。
【43题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：同上。根据句意可知，此处应用其比较级作定语，修饰名词sleep，表示“更好的睡眠”。故填better。
【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：太极拳有这么多好处，越来越多的人开始选择这项令人惊叹的中国传统运动来提高他们的生活质量。修饰名词sprt应用以ing结尾的形容词amazing作定语，意为“令人惊讶的”。故填amazing。
【45题详解】考查物主代词。句意：同上。限定名词life，应用其形容词性物主代词，作定语。故填their。
第三节请用括号内单词的适当形式填空。(共6 小题;每小题1 分 ， 满 分 6 分)
46. Alice gt_______ (anny) with his yunger brther Tm, because he always talked t her while she was reading. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】annyed
【详解】考查形容词。句意：爱丽丝对他的弟弟汤姆很生气，因为他总是在她看书的时候和她说话。作表语，且主语为人，应用形容词annyed。故填annyed。
47. _____(actual), Lucy has been ding well in her studies as well as her extra curriculum in high schl. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Actually
【详解】考查副词。句意：事实上，露西在高中的学习和额外课程都做得很好。修饰整句应用副词。句首字母大写，故填Actually。
48. If yu hpe t find sme mre_____ (detail) infrmatin, please feel free t cntact us. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】detailed
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果您希望了解更多的详细信息，请随时与我们联系。修饰名词infrmatin应用形容词detailed，作定语。故填detailed。
49. Part f Lang Ping’s success is due t her strng_______(determine) (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】determinatin
【详解】考查名词。句意：郎平的成功部分归功于她的坚定决心。形容词性物主代词her后应用名词determinatin(不可数)作介词t的宾语。故填determinatin。
50. Illegal hunting is threatening the________(survive)f the wildlife. As a result, effective measures must be taken. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】survival
【详解】考查名词。句意：非法狩猎正威胁着野生动物的生存。因此，必须采取有效措施。作动词的宾语，应用名词survival，不可数。故填survival。
51. Museums will ften hld exhibitins targeted at ______(variety) age grups. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】varius
【详解】考查形容词。句意：博物馆通常会举办针对不同年龄段的展览。修饰名词age grups应用其形容词作定语。故填varius。
第 四节请在空格内填入一个恰当的单词。(共7小题;每小题1 分，满分7 分)
52. In ancient China lived an artist ________ paintings were almst lifelike. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whse
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whse。故填whse。
53. It’s widely recgnized that we have entered int an age _______ dreams have the best chance f cming true. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】when
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：人们普遍认为，我们已经进入了一个梦想最有可能实现的时代。定语从句修饰先行词age，在从句作时间状语，故填when。
54. William Hastie nce suggested that histry infrms us f past mistakes frm ________ we can learn withut repeating them. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：威廉·黑斯蒂曾经提出，历史告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中吸取教训，而不必重蹈覆辙。分析可知，空处引导定语从句，关系词指代先行词past mistakes并在从句中作介词frm的宾语，故填which。
55. There they met peple frm ther parts f the cuntry, ______als vlunteered t help thse struggling in the disaster. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】wh
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在那里，他们遇到了来自全国各地的人，他们也自愿帮助那些在灾难中挣扎的人。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词peple，在从句作主语，指人，故填wh。
56. All _____ can be dne has been dne. （用适当的单词填空）
【答案】that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：能做的都已经做了。此处是限定性定语从句，根据can be dne可知，先行词all，指物，应使用关系代词that引导。故填that。
57. The restaurant_______we had dinner last night was very expensive, because it was near the turist attractin. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们昨晚吃饭的那家餐厅很贵，因为它离旅游景点很近。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，restaurant是先行词，从句中缺少地点状语，因此使用关系副词where引导定语从句，故填where。
58. The reasn _______ Sam quit the training was nt cnvincing. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】why
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：山姆放弃训练的理由不能令人信服。定语从句修饰先行词reasn，关系词在从句作原因状语，故填why。
第五节阅读下面句子，根据中文提示从方框内选择合适的单词，在空白处填入其适当形 式。 (共7小题：每小题1 分，满分7 分)
选词填空
59. The Mexican by usually_______ (更喜欢) use his hands instead f eating with tls.
60. By aplgizing, parents teach their kids the imprtance f_______ (对……负责) ne’s behavir.
61. Once I started thinking abut fitness_______ (而不是) weight, things began t change.
62. The kids were very friendly with her and even lked up t her_______ (好像) she were their mther
63. Within fifteen terrible secnds, a large city lay_______ (沦为废墟).
64. Chinese tea-drinking culture has a lng histry which________ (追溯到) mre than 1,000 years ag.
65. Fishermen, turists, htels and cars_______ (被冲走) by huge waves caused by the strng earthquake that reached a magnitude f 9.0.
【答案】59. prefers t 60. being respnsible fr 61. rather than 62. as if 63. in ruins 64. dates back t 65. were swept away
【59题详解】考查固定短语、时态和主谓一致。句意：这个墨西哥男孩通常更喜欢用手而不是用工具吃饭。根据汉语提示可知应填短语prefer t，根据usually可知为一般现在时，主语为by，谓语用三单形式。故填prefers t。
【60题详解】考查固定短语。句意：通过道歉，父母教会孩子对自己的行为负责的重要性。根据汉语提示可知应填短语be respnsible fr，作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填being respnsible fr。
【61题详解】考查固定短语。句意：一旦我开始考虑健身而不是体重，事情就开始改变了。根据汉语提示可知应填短语rather than，故填rather than。
【62题详解】考查固定短语。句意：孩子们对她非常友好，甚至把她当作他们的母亲。根据汉语提示可知应填短语as if，从句用虚拟语气。故填as if。
【63题详解】考查固定短语。句意：在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市变成了废墟。根据汉语提示可知应填短语in ruins，故填in ruins。
【64题详解】考查固定短语。句意：中国的饮茶文化历史悠久，可以追溯到一千多年前。根据汉语提示可知应填短语date back t，陈述事实用一般现在时，定语从句谓语与先行词histry保持一致，用三单形式。故填dates back t。
【65题详解】考查固定短语。句意：渔民、游客、酒店和汽车被里氏9.0级强烈地震引发的巨浪卷走。根据汉语提示可知应填短语sweep away，与主语构成被动关系，根据后文reached可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为Fishermen, turists, htels and cars，谓语用复数。故填were swept away。
第三部分 写作(共一节，满分20分)
66. 假设你是惠州学生代表李华，你校的英国交换生Chris 刚刚来校，感到一切都很陌生。 他在邮件中向你询问如何尽快融入新环境。请根据以下信息回信，内容包括：
1. 表示关心;
2. 提出建议。
注意：
1. 词数为80词左右;
2. 邮件的开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数;
3. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Chris,
Hearing that yu’re having truble adapting t the new life here, I’m writing t ffer yu sme suggestins.
Firstly, it’s highly imprtant t cmmunicate with yur classmates, which will help bridge the gap between yu, thus enabling yu t get used t the new envirnment sn. Besides, why nt participate in sme extra-curricular activities? If s, yu’ll be prvided with chances t learn abut ur culture. Lastly, as fr sme tugh academic prblems, I recmmend yu t ask teachers fr guidance, wh usually turn ut t assist yu in figuring ut sme effective slutins tgether.
Hpefully, what I have mentined will be f sme help t yu. Best wishes!
Yurs,
Li Huasweep away, as if, in ruins, be respnsible fr, date back t, rather than, defer t, in shck