2025年江苏省普通高中学业水平合格性考试模拟（二）英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2025年江苏省普通高中学业水平合格性考试模拟（二）英语试卷（解析版），共16页。
第一部分：阅读理解（本部分共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
A speech cmpetitin needs yu t use yur speaking skills. While preparing, yu shuld try t express yur ideas clearly t make yurself understd. With grwing cmpetitin, it is difficult t draw the attentin f the listeners. But dn’t wrry! Fllw the pints belw and yu can d what yu want t.
① Chse a tpic
Make the tpic f yur speech in ne single sentence and then start t present. This will help yu make a better expressin f yur idea.
Try t research mre and learn what thers say when we chse a tpic.
② Organize yur speech
Befre starting, always remember that the intrductin is the mst imprtant part as yu need t catch the attentin f the listeners. Here yu can raise funny questins, give an attractive fact, r take a celebrity (名人) as an example.
The middle part f yur speech shuld be full f interest. Yu can add stries. Every pint shuld make a cnnectin with the next.
The ending can always be made in a way that makes yur listeners think r has a great influence (影响) n them.
③ Present yurself
*Yur vice shuld be clear and natural. Use a friendly tne (语气) and make sure that yu are heard by everyne.
*Keep lking at yur listeners t bring a sense f cnnectivity between yu and them.
*Add stps t yur speech and dn’t start speaking quickly if yu becme nervus.
*All yur bdy languages shuld shw enugh cnfidence.
1．We can express ur idea better by ________.
A．making a tpic shrt B．trying t research mre
C．learning what thers sayD．preparing speaking skills
2．In the writer’s pinin, the fllwing are the ways f the intrductin except ________.
A．raising funny questinsB．telling sme persnal experiences
C．giving an attractive factD．taking a celebrity as an example
3．Which f the fllwing statements is NOT TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．It is helpful t search mre and learn what thers say when we chse a tpic.
B．We can use ur bdy languages t shw ur cnfidence.
C．A gd ending must always have a great influence n the listeners.
D．We can shw ur sense f cnnectivity with listeners by keeping lking at them.
4．We can learn ________ frm the passage.
A．hw t use speaking skills B．what tpics t chse
C．wh t ask fr help when meeting with truble D．hw t make a wnderful speech
B
A life withut stress, and stressrs, might sund ideal, but dn’t be fled. There’s a reasn Charles decided t call her latest study “The Mixed Benefits f a Stress r-Free Life.”
Charles fund that peple wh reprted feeling little r n stress had higher levels f happiness and fewer health prblems. Hwever, they als shwed signs f cgnitive (认知的) decline, including reduced attentin and cncentratin, wrse shrt-and lng-term memry, wrse prblem-slving, and a lwered ability t fcus r restrict unwanted behavir.
Nt experiencing stress may help a persn avid ne prblem,but it can bring ut thers. While peple wh dn’t feel pain may avid ne f life’s mre unpleasant sensatins,they are als subject t injury,since pain warns us t react in a way t keep us safe—it’s what tells us t take ur hand ff a ht stve. Smene wh desn’t feel pain culd end up burning ff their skin.
Fr its part, the stress respnse allws us t experience life’s challenges and jys and facilitates learning. The hippcampus (海马体)—the part f the brain that helps prmte learning thrugh memry—lves smething riginal.Successfully vercming a small daily life stressr brings a large number f riginal experiences, and the pprtunity fr grwth. Withut these nn-life-threatening challenges, the brain starts t suffer. This is likely what’s behind the lwer memry and prblem-slving skills Charles nted in the unstressed participants.
Accrding t Charles, stress-free persns tend t be lder, unmarried men with lwer levels f educatin than thse wh reprted at least ne daily stressr. The unstressed als reprted many fewer daily activities than their peers, except fr watching TV, which they did with higher frequency than thse wh reprted experiencing daily stressrs. Interestingly, the unstressed reprted spending fewer hurs than the stressed n nly the activities that typically include interacting with ther peple — wrking,vlunteering,and bth prviding and receiving emtinal supprt.
But Charles ntes the cntradictin here: having mre scial supprt is als an effective buffer (缓冲器) against stress. “We knw that peple are ur surce f stress ften in life, yet they are abslutely necessary fr us; we’re scial creatures,” Charles says. There seems t be a sweet spt, an ideal amunt f scial supprt that helps us stay mentally sharp and active befre t much time with ther peple becmes its wn surce f stress.
5．What is the result f life with little r n stress accrding t Charles?
A．It remves all health prblems. B．It reduces unwanted behavirs
C．It causes permanent memry lss. D．It results in weakened mental abilities.
6．What leads t lwer memry and prblem-slving skills accrding t Charles?
A．Crazy pursuit f new ideas. B．Absence f daily challenges.
C．Limited grwth pprtunities. D．Damaged hippcampus functin.
7．Wh is mre likely t be a stress-free persn?
A．A single mid-life man with little t d but watch TV.
B．An active yung persn engaged in vlunteer wrk.
C．A retired man enjying the cmpany f his family.
D．An educated,married wman with a well-paid jb.
8．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．Avid scial interactin t prevent stress. B．Scial activities cntribute t stressful life.
C．Scial cnnectin is an essential part f life. D．N scial supprt is better than t much.
C
Summer is a time fr farmer’s markets, supermarkets full f warm-weather prduce—and sticker shck at the high prices fr rganic fferings. This begs the questin whether rganic fruits and vegetables are richer in nutrients than their cnventinal cusins. The shrt answer is yes—but the lng answer is mre cmplex than ne might expect.
Thugh it might seem cunterintuitive(违反直觉的), regulatins fr rganic fd put ut by the U.S. Department f Agriculture dn’t fcus n the health benefits fr the persn savring(品尝) thse peppers and peaches. Instead, the emphasis is n hw rganic prduce is grwn, largely by prtecting sil thrugh the use f cmpsts(堆肥) and animal manures and aviding synthetic chemicals (合成化学品), althugh if invading insects can’t be cntrlled naturally, pesticides(杀虫剂) may be allwed.
Yet a key mtivatr fr cnsumers is the idea that they are healthier t eat, s it's imprtant fr scientists t understand whether this is true, says Julia Baudry, wh has studied the questin at the independent Natinal Research Institute fr Agriculture, Fd, and Envirnment in France.
Decades f research have muddied the answer. Sme, especially earlier studies, fund little nutritinal difference between rganic and cnventinal fds. Others declared the upside t be vast. This difference likely reflects variatins in grwing practices at rganic farms and, imprtantly, hw nutritin is defined, says David Mntgmery, a sil scientist at the University f Washingtn. “There are differences with what they are actually measuring and cmparing,” he says.
Of curse, eating any fruit and vegetable is beneficial. Cnsuming large amunts f prduce has been linked t everything frm heart health t a reduced cancer risk. The average American gets just 10 percent f the recmmended daily amunts fr vegetables and 12 percent fr fruit.
If yu want t knw mre, please click www. healthcare.cm.
Frm the first paragraph we knw that _________.
the mre warm-weather prduce in summer, the higher the prices are
it’s certain that rganic fruits and vegetables are richer in nutrients than t cnventinal cusins
it’s uncertain that rganic fruits and vegetables are richer in nutrients than cnventinal cusins
peple shuld buy mre cnventinal fruits and vegetables
The U.S. Department f Agriculture put ut the regulatins that __________.
health benefits fr peple shuld be fcused n
pesticides wn't be allwed unless invading insects can be cntrlled naturally.
the use f cmpsts, animal manures and synthetic chemicals shuld be used t prtect sil
hw rganic prduce is grwn shuldn’t be paid attentin t
Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE accrding t the third and furth paragraphs?
Julia Baudry says that scientists shuld understand whether it is healthier t eat rganic fruits and vegetables
earlier studies have fund n nutritinal difference between rganic and cnventinal fds
decades f research have fund the answer t the difference between rganic and cnventinal fds
sme think rganic fds are f great benefits t peple
This passage may be taken frm _________.
a website B. an advertisement C. a textbk D. travel guide
D
Eating a plant-based diet is gd fr yur health, but nt if thse plant fds are heavily- prcessed, a new study has fund.
The study reveals that while a plant-based diet is generally healthy, the type f plant fds cnsumed is significant. The research invlved 118,000 adults wh were tracked fr nearly ten years as part f the UK Bibank and it has shwn that heavily-prcessed plant fds - like sugary snacks and fruit juices - can increase the risk f heart attacks and strkes. In cntrast, minimally prcessed plant fds, such as fresh fruits, vegetables, and whle grains, prvide prtective benefits against cardivascular (心血管的) diseases.
The study published in Lancet Reginal Health-Eurpe highlights that nt all plants fds are equally gd. When heavily prcessed, they lse imprtant nutrients and are ften added with unhealthy ingredients like sugar and salt. This prcessing can cause the bdy t absrb these fds quickly, which may lead t increased hunger. This prcess als changes the fd’s natural structure, making it less satisfying and ptentially raising bld sugar levels.
Lead researcher Fernanda Rauber highlights that the artificial flavrs in heavily-prcessed fds may lead peple t prefer these ver natural flavrs fund in whle fds, making healthier chices mre challenging. She advises fcusing n minimally prcessed fds and checking ingredient lists fr recgnizable items. Fds with lng lists f additives (添加剂) are ften heavily-prcessed and shuld be avided.
The study matches previus findings assciating heavily-prcessed fds with varius health issues, including besity and heart disease. While the research indicates a cnnectin between heavily-prcessed plant fds and health risks, it des nt establish a direct cause-and-effect relatinship. Overall, priritizing whle, minimally prcessed plant fds are essential fr maintaining gd health.
13．Accrding t the study, what type f fds can increase the risk f heart attacks?
A．Whle grains. B．Sugary snacks.
C．Seasnal vegetables. D．Newly-picked ranges.
14．What des the study shw abut heavily-prcessed plant fds?
A．They help imprve yur digestin system. B．They might reduce bld sugar levels.
C．They have fewer additives t add t taste. D．They can lead t sme health prblems.
15．What’s the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A．T prmte minimally prcessed plant fds.
B．T argue that prcessed fds are unhealthy.
C．T discurage peple frm eating plant fds.
D．T reveal that plants-based fds are crucial.
16．Where can the text be fund?
A．In a histry bk. B．In a nvel.
C．In a science magazine. D．In a recipe.
E
Recently, as a jurnalist, I have published many stries abut scial media, privacy and artificial intelligence (AI), amng ther things. S when ChatGPT tld me that my utput may have influenced its respnses t ther peple’s prmpts (提示), I rushed t wipe my data frm its memry. As I quickly discvered, hwever, there is n delete buttn. AI-pwered chatbts never frget what they have learned, because they are trained n data sets including vast numbers f websites and nline articles. As lng as they exist n the Internet, they get t be remembered.
That means the likes f ChatGPT are pssible t let ut sensitive persnal infrmatin, if it has appeared nline, and that the cmpanies behind these AIs will struggle t make gd n “right-t-be-frgtten” regulatins, which frce rganizatins t remve persnal data n request. It als means we are pwerless t stp hackers (黑客) cntrlling AI utputs by planting misinfrmatin r ill instructins in training data. All f these explain why many cmputer scientists are busy t teach AIs t frget. While they are finding that it is extremely difficult, “machine unlearning” slutins are beginning t appear. And the wrk culd prve vital beynd addressing cncerns ver privacy and misinfrmatin.
The new generatin f AI-pwered chatbts like ChatGPT, which prduce text in respnse t ur prmpts, are underpinned by large language mdels. These are trained n muntains f data, mst f which is scraped frm the Internet. Frm this, they learn t spt statistical patterns, which means they can predict the likeliest next wrd in a sentence, prducing fluent answers t ur every questin.
The truble is that the way AI chatbts wrk means that when they learn smething, it can’t be unlearned. This creates a significant prblem when it cmes t privacy, as Dr. Zhang made clear in recent research. He highlighted hw difficult it will be fr AI cmpanies t bey the “right t be frgtten”, which the Eurpean Unin declared a human right back in 2014.
17．Why can chatbts stre what it has learned frever?
A．Lack f a delete buttn.B．Manual cde entry.
C．Strng review ability.D．The way they are trained.
18．Why d scientists try t teach AI t frget?
A．Because AI has many security risks. B．Because AI stres limited infrmatin.
C．Because AI needs t be updated regularly.D．Because AI imitates humans cmpletely.
19．Accrding t Paragraph 3, what can we learn abut chatbts?
A．Chatbts can answer 90% f the questins.
B．Chatbts’ data cmes frm the designer’s sftware.
C．Chatbts prduce the answers based n the prmpts.
D．Chatbts can predict yur prblems in advance.
20．What des the underlined wrd “underpinned” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Cntrlled.B．Supprted.C．Bsted.D．Adjusted.
第二部分：完形填空（共15 小题：每小题2 分，满分30分）
从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答题卡上对应的字母涂黑。
“Life is shrt, s seize the day.” That was exactly what I did when I fund ut that I nly had a year t 21 . One day in 1999, we needed a new phne t be set up in the ffice. But an ld, heavy wden bx was in the way and the serviceman refused t mve it. With 22 , I cmplained, “I am wman, hear me rar.” I pushed the massive 23 aside and my fifty-six-year-ld back gt 24 . As the pain gt mre severe, I had it X-rayed.
The call frm my dctr was 25 .“Yur back is nt seriusly injured, but there seems t be a dark spt n yur kidney which requires further 26 ”. A CAT scan revealed a cancerus kidney. The dctr expected this t spread and 27 my life within a year! “I wuld recmmend that yu d anything this year that yu had wanted t d but have been pstpning.”
“My Gd,” I cried desperately, “I wn't even get t 28 any f the Scial Security mney I have cntributed all these years.”
I hadn't intended t take an early retirement. But if I had nly a year, I was ging t make the best f it. A request fr a vlunteer editr fr children's bks arrived, hand printed, with wrds misspelled. Thinking that I had nly a year, but that I culd 29 d better than that, I became an editr. Later, I even started 30 and sld a few cpies.
As the year raced by, I gave away many f my pssessins and 31 . Hwever, much t my amazement, I was still 32 ! I figured I still nly had a few mre years. I marked ff the years, cntinuing t fill them with everything I had 33 all my life.
Nw I have been a vlunteer editr fr ver twenty-five years. And I have a cuple f children's bks published. My “last year” f life cntinues t 34 me, after a quarter century f making sure that every mment 35 .
21．A．travelB．liveC．develpD．learn
22．A．hesitatinB．determinatinC．annyanceD．anxiety
23．A．bstacleB．facilityC．tlD．furniture
24．A．tiredB．rigidC．tenseD．injured
25．A．alarmingB．disappintingC．cnfusingD．embarrassing
26．A．examinatinB．treatmentC．reflectinD．research
27．A．upsetB．takeC．changeD．disturb
28．A．earnB．saveC．claimD．spend
29．A．basicallyB．ttallyC．quicklyD．surely
30．A．editingB．printingC．designingD．writing
31．A．leftB．retiredC．waitedD．rested
32．A．healthyB．safeC．capableD．alive
33．A．put ffB．put awayC．held ntD．held back
34．A．shckB．inspireC．trubleD．entertain
35．A．differsB．unfldsC．cuntsD．changes
第三部分：语法填空（共10 小题：每小题1 分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A curtyard residence, sì hé yuàn , is a yard (36)_________(enclse) by huses in fur directins. It is a clsed residence with nly ne gate (37) ________ (lead) t the utside. Huses n the nrth are the (38)__________(large) nes and used as the wners' bedrms. Huses n the tw flanks are the residences f their descendants. The arrangement represents the hierarchy in a family. The screen wall stands behind the gate (39)________ (prtect) the residents frm wind-blwn sand. Chinese believe that the screen wall can als ward ff bad luck. Therefre, the wall is usually decrated (40) ________(exquisite). The sì hé yuàn (41)_________(intend) t unite all the family members t enjy a harmnius and happy life tgether.
Hú tòng, a type f narrw street r alley with huses n bth sides is the mst (42)_______(type) residence in Beijing. The hú tòng is nt nly a traffic channel but als the living area fr rdinary peple. It is (43)_________ mst peaceful place in this nisy city. Peple get alng with each ther (44) ________ harmny. There used t be 4,000 hú tòngs in Beijing with a histry f mre than 800 years. Many hú tòngs have been replaced by mdern buildings (45)________ the city develped. Only a few f them have been preserved keeping the traditins and histry f Beijing alive.
第四部分：书面表达（共1小题：满分20分）
假如你是李华，在你的blg里看到了一条署名Wrried Jackie的留言：
Hw wnderful China is! I want t travel in the cming summer vacatin, but I have n enugh mney and I wuldn’t turn t my parents. What shuld I d?
Wrried Jackie
请你根据留言内容写一封回信，给出你的建议。要点如下：
业余时间可做兼职工作赚钱；
可求助朋友；
为安全起见，最好约朋友一同旅行。
字数100左右，可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
【答案精析】
阅读理解
A篇
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了如何准备演讲比赛以及演讲时的技巧。
1．A细节理解题。根据“Make the tpic f yur speech in ne single sentence and then start t present. This will help yu make a better expressin f yur idea.”可知，我们可以通过让主题句简短来更好地表达我们的想法。故选A。
2．B细节理解题。根据“Here yu can raise funny questins, give an attractive fact, r take a celebrity (名人) as an example.”可知，文中没有提到讲述一些个人经历。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“The ending can always be made in a way that makes yur listeners think r has a great influence (影响) n them.”可知，结尾可以用一种让你的听众思考或者对他们有很大影响的方式。因此，选项C “一个好的结尾一定会对听众产生很大的影响。”表述错误。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了如何准备演讲比赛以及演讲时的技巧。因此，我们能从文中学到如何做一个精彩的演讲。故选D。
B篇
5．D 6．B 7．A 8．C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了没有压力的人生可能并不理想，因为适当的压力有助于促进学习和保持认知能力。
5．D细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Hwever,they als shwed signs f cgnitive(认知的) decline, including reduced attentin and cncentratin, wrse shrt-and lng-term memry, wrse prblem-slving, and a lwered ability t fcus r restrict unwanted behavir.(然而，他们还表现出认知能力下降的迹象，包括注意力和专注力下降、短期和长期记忆力减退、问题解决能力减弱，以及降低的专注能力或限制不良行为的能力。)”可推知，生活中缺乏压力会导致认知能力减弱。故选D。
6．B细节理解题。根据第四段中“Withut these nn-life-threatening challenges, the brain starts t suffer. This is likely what’s behind the lwer memry and prblem-slving skills Charles nted in the unstressed participants.(没有这些非致命的挑战，大脑开始受影响。这可能就是查尔斯发现无压力参与者记忆力和解决问题能力较差的原因。)”可推知，缺乏日常挑战导致了记忆力和解决问题能力的降低。故选B。
7．A推理判断题。根据第五段“Accrding t Charles, stress-free persns tend t be lder, unmarried men with lwer levels f educatin than thse wh reprted at least ne daily stressr. The unstressed als reprted many fewer daily activities than their peers, except fr watching TV, which they did with higher frequency than thse wh reprted experiencing daily stressrs(查尔斯说，与那些每天至少有一个压力源的人相比，没有压力的人往往是年龄较大、教育水平较低的未婚男性。没有压力的人比同龄人的日常活动要少得多，除了看电视，他们看电视的频率高于那些每天都有压力的人。)”可知，一位什么也不做却整天看电视的单身男人更可能是无压力的人。故选A。
8．C推理判断题。根据最后一段“We knw that peple are ur surce f stress ften in life, yet they are abslutely necessary fr us; we’re scial creatures(我们知道人在生活中往往是我们压力的来源，但他们对我们来说绝对是必要的；我们是社会化的生物。)”可推知，社会联系是生活中不可或缺的一部分。故选C。
C篇
9.C 10. B 11. D 12. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了关于有机食品是否比传统食品更有营养更健康的研究。
C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“This begs the questin whether rganic fruits and vegetables are richer in nutrients than their cnventinal cusins.The shrt answer is yes—but the lng answer is mre cmplex than ne might expect. 这就引出了一个问题：有机水果和蔬菜是否比传统水果更丰富。简短的答案是肯定的——但漫长的答案比人们预期的要复杂得多。”可知，有机水果和蔬菜是否比传统水果更丰富还没有定论。故选C。
B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中最后一句“althugh if invading insects can’t be cntrlled naturally, pesticides may be allwed. 虽然如果入侵的昆虫不能自然控制，杀虫剂可能被允许使用。”B的意思是“除非入侵的昆虫能够得到自然的控制，否则就不允许使用杀虫剂。”，是同义转换，故选B。
D 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Sme, especially earlier studies, fund little nutritinal difference between rganic and cnventinal fds. Others declared the upside t be vast.一些研究，特别是早期的研究，发现有机食品和传统食品之间的营养差别。其他人则宣称其好处是巨大的。”根据the upside t be vast推断出“好处是巨大的”，故选D。
A 文章出处题。根据最后“please click www. healthcare.cm.”可知本文选自网站。
D篇
13．B 14．D 15．A 16．C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了关于植物性饮食与健康关系的研究发现。文章指出，虽然植物性饮食通常被认为是健康的，但过度加工的植物食品可能增加心脏病和中风的风险，而最少加工的植物食品则对心血管健康有益。
13．B细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The research invlved 118,000 adults wh were tracked fr nearly ten years as part f the UK Bibank and it has shwn that heavily-prcessed plant fds - like sugary snacks and fruit juices - can increase the risk f heart attacks and strkes. (这项研究涉及了11.8万名成年人，他们作为英国生物银行的一部分被跟踪了近十年，研究表明，重度加工的植物食品，如含糖零食和果汁，可以增加心脏病和中风的风险。)”可知，研究指出重度加工的植物食品，如含糖零食，可以增加心脏病的风险。故选B。
14．D细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The research invlved 118,000 adults wh were tracked fr nearly ten years as part f the UK Bibank and it has shwn that heavily-prcessed plant fds - like sugary snacks and fruit juices - can increase the risk f heart attacks and strkes. (这项研究涉及了11.8万名成年人，他们作为英国生物银行的一部分被跟踪了近十年，研究表明，重度加工的植物食品，如含糖零食和果汁，可以增加心脏病和中风的风险。)”可知，研究指出重度加工的植物食品可以增加心脏病和中风的风险，即它们可能导致一些健康问题。故选D。
15．A推理判断题。根据文章第四段“She advises fcusing n minimally prcessed fds and checking ingredient lists fr recgnizable items. (她建议关注最少加工的食品，并检查成分列表中的可识别项目。)”和文章最后一段“Overall, priritizing whle, minimally prcessed plant fds are essential fr maintaining gd health. (总体而言，优先考虑食用完整且最少加工的植物性食品对于保持身体健康至关重要。)”可知，作者的写作目的是为了强调了最少加工的植物食品对健康的益处，并给出了相应的建议。故选A。
16．C推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Eating a plant-based diet is gd fr yur health, but nt if thse plant fds are heavily- prcessed, a new study has fund. (一项新的研究发现，吃植物性饮食对健康有益，但如果这些食物是经过深度加工的则不然。)”可知，文章主要讲述了一项关于植物性食物的研究，这属于科学研究的内容，通常会在科学杂志上发表。故选C。
E篇
17．D 18．A 19．C 20．B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了人工智能的出现给人们带来便利的同时，给用户的隐私泄露也增加了一定的风险和隐患。
17．D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“because they are trained n data sets including vast numbers f websites and nline articles.”（因为他们是在包括大量网站和在线文章的数据集上训练的）和“As lng as they exist n the Internet, they get t be remembered.” （只要他们存在于互联网上，他们就会被记住）可知，人工智能聊天机器人是在包括大量网站和在线文章在内的数据集上进行训练的，只要这些存在于互联网上，就会被记住。正是这种训练方式导致了人工智能聊天机器人忘不掉学过的东西。故选D项。
18．A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“That means the likes f ChatGPT are pssible t let ut sensitive persnal infrmatin.”（这意味着像ChatGPT这样的网站有可能泄露敏感的个人信息）和“It als means we are pwerless t stp hackers cntrlling AI utputs”（这也意味着我们无力阻止黑客控制人工智能的输出）可推知，科学家试图教人工智能忘记的原因是是人工智能存在很多安全风险。故选A项。
19．C细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The new generatin f AI-pwered chatbts like ChatGPT, which prduce text in respnse t ur prmpts, are underpinned by large language mdels. ”（新一代的人工智能聊天机器人，如ChatGPT，根据我们的提示生成文本，是由大型语言模型支撑的。）可知，新一代的人工智能聊天机器人，如ChatGPT，会根据我们的提示生成文本。故选C项。
20．B词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句后的“These are trained n muntains f data… they can predict the likeliest next wrd in a sentence, prducing fluent answers t ur every questin.”（这些机器是在海量数据的基础上进行训练的……，它们可以预测句子中最有可能出现的下一个单词，为我们的每个问题提供流利的答案） 可知，大型语言模型需要批量的数据进行训练，这样像ChatGPT一样的聊天机器人才能预测句子中接下来最有可能出现的词，故推知聊天机器人也需要大型语言模型的训练来支撑。supprt意为“支持”，符合题意。故选D项。
完形填空
21．B 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．A 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．D 30．D 31．B 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．C
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者是一个患有癌症的人，打算在仅剩的一年中充分利用时间，尝试了一些过去一直想做但总是拖延的事情，并最终成功实现了这些目标。她也开始投身于志愿编辑工作，并向社会捐献了许多财产。尽管一度以为自己只能活几年，但实际上她已经度过了二十五年的时间，并且仍然在为每一刻的生活而努力。她的故事告诉我们，生命短暂，要抓住每一天，并尽可能地实现自己的梦想。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我发现我只能活一年的时候，我就是这么做的。A. travel旅行；B. live活着；C. develp发展；D. learn学习。根据下文“The dctr expected this t spread and________ my life within a year!”可知，此处指的是作者发现她只能活一年时间。故选B项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我恼怒地抱怨道：“我是女人，听听我的咆哮。”A. hesitatin犹豫；B. determinatin决心；C. annyance恼怒；D. anxiety焦虑。根据上文“he serviceman refused t mve it”以及下文“hear me rar”可知，此处应表示作者恼怒地抱怨道。故选C项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我推开巨大的障碍物，我56年的老背受伤了。A. bstacle障碍物；B. facility设施；C. tl工具；D. furniture家具。根据上文“an ld, heavy wden bx was in the way”可知，此处应表示作者推开巨大的障碍物。故选A项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我推开巨大的障碍物，我56年的老背受伤了。A. tired疲倦的；B. rigid死板的；C. tense紧张的；D. injured受伤的。根据下文“As the pain gt mre severe, I had it X-rayed.”可知，此处应表示作者56年的老背受伤了。故选D项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的医生打来的电话令人担忧。A. alarming令人担忧的；B. disappinting令人失望的；C. cnfusing令人困惑的；D. embarrassing令人尴尬的。根据下文“Yur back is nt seriusly injured, but there seems t be a dark spt n yur kidney”提到肾脏上似乎有一个黑点，由此可知，此处应表示医生打来的电话让作者感到担忧。故选A项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的背部伤势并不严重，但你的肾脏似乎有一个黑点，需要进一步检查。A. examinatin检查；B. treatment治疗；C. reflectin反思；D. research研究。根据上文“Yur back is nt seriusly injured, but there seems t be a dark spt n yur kidney”可知，作者肾脏上似乎有一个黑点，需要进一步检查。故选A项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生预计这种情况会扩散，并在一年内夺走我的生命！A. upset使不安；B. take带走；C. change改变；D. disturb打扰。根据上文“A CAT scan revealed a cancerus kidney.”可知，此处应表示这种情况可能在一年内夺走作者的生命。故选B项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“天哪，”我绝望地叫道，“这些年来我缴纳的社会保险金我连一分钱都领不到。”A. earn挣钱；B. save节约；C. claim索要，认领；D. spend花费。根据下文“any f the Scial Security mney I have cntributed all these years.”可知，此处应表示作者这些年来缴纳的社会保险金一分钱都领不到。故选C项。
29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想我只有一年的时间，但我肯定能做得更好，于是我成为了一名编辑。A. basically 基本上；B. ttally完全地；C. quickly快速地；D. surely肯定。根据上文“A request fr a vlunteer editr fr children's bks arrived, hand printed, with wrds misspelled.”以及下文“…d better than that, I became an editr.”可知，此处应表示作者觉得自己肯定能做得更好，于是成为了一名志愿编辑。故选D项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我甚至开始写作，并卖出了几本。A. editing编辑；B. printing打印；C. designing设计；D. writing写作。 根据下文“and sld a few cpies”可知，此处应表示作者甚至开始写作，并卖出了几本。故选D项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一年过去了，我捐献了许多财产，退休了。A. left离开；B. retired退休；C. waited等待；D. rested休息。根据上文“I hadn't intended t take an early retirement.”以及上文“As the year raced by”可知，此处应表示一年过去了，作者放弃了很多事情，退休了。故选B项。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，令我惊讶的是，我还活着！A. healthy健康的；B. safe安全的；C. capable有能力的；D. alive活着的。上文提到的医生说作者只有一年的生命时间，由此可知，此处应表示令作者惊讶的是，她还活着。故选D项。
33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我标记着每一年，继续用我一生中推迟的每一件事来填满它们。A. put ff推迟；B. put away收拾；C. held nt保持；D. held back阻止。根据上文“But if I had nly a year, I was ging t make the best f it.”可知，作者认为如果只有一年的时间，会好好利用它，此处应表示作者继续用一生中推迟的每一件事来填满它们。故选A项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我生命中的“最后一年”继续激励着我，在这25年里，我一直确保每一刻都很重要。A. shck使震惊；B. inspire激励；C. truble使麻烦；D. entertain使娱乐。根据上文“Nw I have been a vlunteer editr fr ver twenty-five years. And I have a cuple f children's bks published.”可知，作者已经做了超过25年的志愿编辑，还出版了几本儿童读物。由此可知，此处应表示作者生命中的“最后一年”继续激励着她。故选B项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我生命中的“最后一年”继续激励着我，在这25年里，我一直确保每一刻都很重要。A. differs不同；B. unflds展开；C. cunts重要；D. changes变化。根据上文“after a quarter century f making sure that every mment…”可知， 此处应表示在这25年里，作者一直确保每一刻都很重要。故选C项。
三、语法填空
36. enclsed 37.leading 38. largest 39. t prtect 40. exquisitely
41.is intended 42.typical 43.the 44.in 45.as
四、书面表达
Dear Jackie,
I have read the message and knwn yur prblem. Yu dn’t have t wrry abut that. It’s a gd idea t travel t China because there are many places f interest. Yu need relax after a lng term f study. Besides, yu can pick up lts f useful knwledge while travelling.
In my pinin, yu’d better tell yur parents abut it first. They’ll ffer yu suggestins and help. If they dn’t give yu sme mney, it desn’t matter. Yu can d sme part-time jbs t make mney. What’s mre, yu may turn t yur best friends and invite them t g with yu. Be careful abut yur safety.As lng as yu prepare well, everything will be OK.
Best wishes!
Yurs
Li Hua