安徽省部分重点高中2024-2025学年高一上学期11月期中考试英语试题含答案

这是一份安徽省部分重点高中2024-2025学年高一上学期11月期中考试英语试题含答案，共27页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高一英语试题
本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。请在答题卡上作答。
第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Wh prbably has the wman’s pen nw?
A. Jack. B. Mr. Watsn. C. Jhn.
2. What des the man like ding t relax?
A. Watching TV. B. Ging walking. C. Listening t music.
3. What des the man mean?
A. He is unable t give help.
B. He will carry the bxes later.
C. He refuses t pay fr the bxes.
4. Where will the wman prbably g fr her hliday?
A. T Suth America. B. T Eurpe. C. T Africa.
5. What d we knw abut the man?
A. He has difficulty waking up.
B. He likes cllecting clcks.
C. He gets up late everyday.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What des the man take t schl?
A. Five bks. B. Three pens. C. Tw rulers.
7. Why des the man’s back hurt?
A He studies fr t lng.
B. He picks up sme dictinaries.
C. He carries a heavy backpack.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Wh lst the car keys?
A. Kelsey. B. Tim. C. David.
9. Where are the speakers?
A. In a car. B. In the main ffice. C. In Tim’s ffice.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What will Millie’s mther receive fr her birthday?
A A shirt. B. A skirt. C. A small cake.
11. Wh will ck the special dinner?
A. Millie’s mther. B. Millie’s friend. C. Millie.
12. Where will the speakers g this afternn?
A. T a bkstre. B. T a stre. C. T a bank.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Hw did Rbert g n hliday?
A. By train. B. By car. C. By bike.
14. Wh spent the summer n an island?
A. Michael. B. Helen. C. Katy.
15. Where did Harry spend his hliday?
A. On the beach. B. In the muntains. C. On the farm.
16. What des the wman think f Emma’s hliday plan?
A. Strange. B. Interesting. C. Bring.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What can peple find n Main Street?
A. A bkstre. B. A bank. C. A cinema.
18. Where can peple buy a used CD?
A. In Market Square. B. In The Palisade. C. In Bhemia.
19. What des the speaker say abut The Shwgrund?
A. Peple can see a film there.
B. It’s mainly fr children.
C. It cvers three flrs.
20. Hw lng will the sale last?
A. Five days. B. Six days. C. Seven days.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Nwadays, cycling becmes the mst ecnmical, sustainable and fun way t explre a city. Nw, welcme t Amsterdam, which has beautiful canals, parks, squares and cuntless lights and welcme t MacBike! Yu can bike alng lvely landscapes utside f Amsterdam. Yu see much mre frm the seat f a bike!
Why MacBike
MacBike is the biggest bicycle rental cmpany in Amsterdam and it has been arund fr almst 30 years. With ver 2,500 bikes stred in ur five rental shps at strategic lcatins, we make sure there is always a bike available fr yu. We ffer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with ft brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Guided City Turs
The 2.5-hur tur cvers the Gyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much mre. The tur leaves frm Dam Square every hur n the hur, starting at 1:00 p.m. every day. Yu can buy yur ticket in a MacBike shp r bk nline.
1. What is an advantage f MacBike?
A. It satisfies varius needs.
B. It’s free fr children.
C. It rganizes free cycle turs.
D. It has ver 2,500 rental shps.
2. Hw much d yu pay fr renting a bike with ft brake and n gears fr three days?
A. €15.75.B. €21.75.
C. €22.75.D. €29.50.
3. Where des the guided city tur start?
A. The Gyer Windmill.B. Dam Square.
C. Heineken Brewery.D. The Skinny Bridge.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。主要向读者介绍和推销MacBike这一自行车租赁服务，包括其优势、价格、以及提供的城市导览服务等，具有实用性和指导性。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段中“We ffer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with ft brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. (我们提供各种各样的最新自行车，包括带脚刹车的基本自行车，带手刹车和齿轮的自行车，带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车。)”可知，MacBike提供多种最新款式的自行车，因此可以满足各种不同的需求，这是MacBike的一个优势。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由表格中Ft Brake, N Gears部分的价格表第三行“1 day (24 hurs) (1天（24小时）)”和第四行“Each extra day (每增加一天)”可知，租一辆没有挡位的脚刹自行车，一天的价格是€9.75，额外的每一天是€6.00。因此，租三天的总费用是€9.75 + €6.00 * 2 = €21.75。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“The tur leaves frm Dam Square every hur n the hur, starting at 1:00 p.m. every day. (每天下午1点开始，每小时整点从Dam Square出发。)”可知，导游带领的城市游览从Dam Square出发。故选B。
B
On February 13, 2023, Wu Yibing made histry, beating Jhn Isner in an exciting three-set final at the Dallas Open t becme the first man frm China t win an ATP title.
Brught t a tennis curt fr the first time at just five, initially (最初) encuraged by his parents as an exercise t lse weight, Wu sn had his talent discvered by his prvincial junir team, beginning a jurney that wuld change the face f men’s tennis in China. In 2017, Wu Yibing became famus after winning the US Open bys’ turnament at 18 t becme the first Chinese t win a majr junir title, raising high hpes fr the “Wnder By” t change the frtune f Chinese men in a sprt lng dminated (主导) by wmen’s success n the pr stage.
In 2018, Wu wn his first ATP Challenger title in Shanghai. Hwever, the brutally (残酷地) cmpetitive nature f men’s pr tennis hit the rising Wu with a tugh reminder after multiple (多处) injuries — t his elbw, lwer back, shulder and wrist — frced him t be away frm the ATP Tur fr clse t three years.
He made his return last year and wn three ATP Challenger titles befre qualifying (取得资格) fr the US Open. “Lking back, I feel like I wuldn’t have been here if nt fr the ups and dwns ver the past few years. I take all the difficulties and struggles as an asset (资产) that helps me becme better nw,” said Wu. “Of curse there were a lt f dubts because I had surgery and the rehab (康复) wasn’t ging well. The champinship tday was a payff fr all the hard wrk and everyne wh’s supprted me alng the way.”
4. What did Wu first start playing tennis fr?
A. Winning awards.B. Develping an interest.
C. Killing time.D. Becming thinner.
5. Why was Wu absent frm the ATP Tur fr nearly three years?
A. He wanted t change his majr.
B. He suffered frm serius physical injuries.
C. He didn’t stand ut in training fr the match.
D. He can’t deal with the pressure f the ATP Tur.
6. What can we learn frm Wu’s statement?
A. N crss, n crwn.
B. Well begun is half dne.
C. Mre haste, less speed.
D. Time waits fr n man.
7. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. The Develpment f Chinese Tennis
B. The Pwer f Difficulties fr Athletes
C. The Pineer f Chinese Tennis Sprt
D. The First Chinese Male Winner f ATP
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了中国男子网球选手吴易昺在2023年达拉斯公开赛上击败约翰·伊斯内尔，赢得ATP冠军，成为中国首位ATP男单冠军的历程和背后的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Brught t a tennis curt fr the first time at just five, initially encuraged by his parents as an exercise t lse weight(五岁时，他第一次被带到网球场，起初是父母鼓励他作为一种减肥的运动)”可知，吴易昺最初打网球是为了减肥。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Hwever, the brutally cmpetitive nature f men’s pr tennis hit the rising Wu with a tugh reminder after multiple injuries — t his elbw, lwer back, shulder and wrist — frced him t be away frm the ATP Tur fr clse t three years.(然而，男子职业网球残酷的竞争性给正在崛起的吴易昺带来了残酷的提醒，多处受伤——手肘、下背部、肩膀和手腕——迫使他远离ATP巡回赛近三年。)”可知，吴易昺因多处严重受伤而缺席ATP巡回赛近三年。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Lking back, I feel like I wuldn’t have been here if nt fr the ups and dwns ver the past few years. I take all the difficulties and struggles as an asset that helps me becme better nw,” said Wu.(“回首过去，我觉得如果不是过去几年的起起落落，我可能就不会站在这里。我把所有的困难和挣扎都当作一种资产，它帮助我现在变得更好，”吴说。)”可知，从吴易昺的陈述中，我们可以学到“不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹”的道理，即只有经历了困难和挫折，才能取得更大的成功。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“On February 13, 2023, Wu Yibing made histry, beating Jhn Isner in an exciting three-set final at the Dallas Open t becme the first man frm China t win an ATP title.(2023年2月13日，吴易昺创造了历史，在达拉斯公开赛上，他以三盘激战击败约翰·伊斯内尔，成为中国首位ATP男单冠军。)”可知，文章主要讲述了吴易昺成为中国首位ATP男单冠军的历程，因此最适合的标题是D（The First Chinese Male Winner f ATP 中国首位ATP男单冠军）。故选D。
C
When peple think abut imprving their physical fitness, they ften neglect (忽视) balance. Gd balance is a necessary part f being physically fit and key t living a lng life, accrding t research. It’s imprtant fr everyne, n matter yur age.
Older adults are mst affected by pr balance. Falls are the leading cause f injury and death fr thse 65 and lder, with nearly 30% in this age grup reprting at least ne fall in 2018, accrding t the US Centers fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin. But yunger adults frequently fall dwn, t.
Frty-eight percent f yung adults reprted falling at least nce during ne 16-week study. The falls mst cmmnly happened during sprts activities, with wmen in the study reprting mre falls and fall-related injuries than men.
Falls within the previus tw years were reprted by 18% f yung adults (ages 20 t 45) in anther study published in the jurnal BMC Public Health. That figure (数据) cmpared with 21% f middle-aged adults (46 t 65) reprting falls and 35% f thse ver 65. While falls amng yung adults were ften cnnected with sprts, falls by the middle-aged grup were typically related t health prblems and physical changes.
Many factrs (因素) can affect yur balance utside f age, such as visin changes, brain injuries, verweight and a general lack f physical fitness. Even if yu have n risk factrs, simply neglecting t wrk regularly n yur balance will result in increased instability (不稳定性).
“Our bdy is cnditined t lse what we dn’t regularly use and practice, and balance is n different,” said Susan Baxter.
8. What rle des a gd balance play in ur lives?
A. It helps us live a healthy and lng life.
B. It enables us t build a perfect shape.
C. It prtects us frm getting seriusly sick.
D. It has the pwer t make us lk yung.
9. Hw des the authr shw the research results?
A. By having a discussin.B. By fllwing the time rder.
C. By raising questins.D. By giving a list f figures.
10. In which situatin are yung adults likely t fall dwn?
A. When a health prblem cmes up.B. When wrking regularly.
C. When a physical change appears.D. When jining in a sprt.
11. What can we learn frm what Susan Baxter said?
A. We’ll lse ur balance if we dn’t practise it ften.
B. Our bdy is used t wrking in its wn way.
C. We shuld manage ur bdy prperly.
D. We are naturally brn with balance.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究表明平衡能力对任何年龄段的人来说都很重要，我们需要定期锻炼以保持良好的平衡能力
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Gd balance is a necessary part f being physically fit and key t living a lng life, accrding t research. (研究表明，良好的平衡是身体健康的必要组成部分，也是长寿的关键。)”可知，良好的平衡有助于我们过上健康长寿的生活。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Falls are the leading cause f injury and death fr thse 65 and lder, with nearly 30% in this age grup reprting at least ne fall in 2018 (跌倒是65岁及以上老年人受伤和死亡的主要原因，该年龄组中近30%的人报告在2018年至少跌倒过一次)”、第三段中“Frty-eight percent f yung adults reprted falling at least nce during ne 16-week study. (在一项为期16周的研究中，48%的年轻人报告至少跌倒过一次。)”和第四段中“Falls within the previus tw years were reprted by 18% f yung adults (ages 20 t 45) in anther study published in the jurnal BMC Public Health. That figure (数据) cmpared with 21% f middle-aged adults (46 t 65) reprting falls and 35% f thse ver 65. (在《BMC公共卫生》期刊上发表的另一项研究中，18%的20至45岁的年轻人在过去两年内摔倒过。相比之下，46岁至65岁的中年人和65岁以上的人报告跌倒的比例为21%和35%。)”可知，作者通过给出一系列的数据呈现研究结果。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据围绕年轻人摔倒情况的第三段中“The falls mst cmmnly happened during sprts activities (摔跤最常发生在体育活动中)”和围绕另一项研究的第四段中“While falls amng yung adults were ften cnnected with sprts (而年轻人的跌倒通常与运动有关)”可知，年轻人参加体育运动时容易摔倒。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Susan Baxter所说话“Our bdy is cnditined t lse what we dn’t regularly use and practice, and balance is n different (我们的身体习惯于失去我们不经常使用和练习的东西，平衡也没有什么不同)”可推知，如果我们不经常练习，我们就会失去平衡。故选A项。
D
A new reprt frm the Wrld Wildlife Fund (WWF) shws that glbal animal ppulatins have drpped greatly since 1970. The reprt is based n infrmatin abut 5,495 different species f animals arund the wrld. The infrmatin was cllected by the Zlgical Sciety f Lndn (ZSL), which used it t create what it calls the “Living Planet Index” (LPI). The LPI fcuses n vertebrates — animals with backbnes, such as birds, fish, and mammals. The LPI reprt shws that between 1970 and 2020, the average size f these ppulatins drpped by 73%.
The LPI can be a little perplexing. It desn’t shw the change in the ttal number f animals n the planet. Instead, it shws the average change in the size f animal ppulatins since 1970. Fr example, if ne species drpped frm 1,000 animals t 500, that’s a 50% drp. If anther species drpped frm 100,000 t 50,000, that’s als a 50% drp. The number f animals lst in the secnd ppulatin is much higher, but they wuld bth cunt as a 50% drp fr the LPI. But even if the numbers aren’t perfect, scientists agree that animal ppulatins are drpping. And that’s a serius prblem.
The reprt shws that ppulatins have drpped in all kinds f habitats (栖息地). Freshwater habitats, such as rivers and lakes, saw the biggest drp, averaging 85%, fllwed by land animals at 69%. In the ceans, the drp was56%. Gegraphically, Latin America experienced the greatest lss at 95%, while Africa’s animal ppulatins fell by 76%, and Asia and the Pacific by 60%. Eurpe and Nrth America had smaller drps, but they still saw a 33% drp since then.
Human activities, including habitat destructin, farming, climate change, pllutin, and ver- hunting, are the primary cause. The WWF calls fr urgent actin t prtect Earth’s wildlife, recmmending that 30% f the wrld’s land, ceans, and freshwater be prtected by 2030 and that humans change hw they eat, farm, and prduce energy.
12. What des the LPI reprt shw?
A. The ttal number f animals n Earth.
B The habitats f different endangered animals.
C. The average change in animal ppulatin sizes.
D. The number f species that have already died ut.
13. What des the underlined wrd “perplexing” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Simple.B. Cnfusing.
C. Exciting.D. Imprtant.
14. Based n the reprt, which regin saw the largest average drp in animal ppulatins?
A. Eurpe.B. Latin America.
C. Nrth America.D. Asia and the Pacific.
15. What recmmendatin des the WWF make t prtect wildlife?
A. Develping new farming technlgies.
B. Increasing the number f zs wrldwide.
C. Intrducing new animal species t endangered areas.
D. Caring fr the wrld’s land, ceans, and freshwater.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。全球动物数量自1970年以来平均下降73%，主要因人类活动造成。报告强调需立即采取措施保护生态。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段中“The LPI fcuses n vertebrates — animals with backbnes, such as birds, fish, and mammals. The LPI reprt shws that between 1970 and 2020, the average size f these ppulatins drpped by 73%. (LPI主要研究脊椎动物——有脊椎的动物，如鸟类、鱼类和哺乳动物。LPI的报告显示，从1970年到2020年，这些种群的平均规模下降了73%。)”可知，LPI报告显示了动物种群大小的平均变化。故选C。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。由文章第二段中“It desn’t shw the change in the ttal number f animals n the planet. Instead, it shws the average change in the size f animal ppulatins since 1970. (它没有显示地球上动物总数的变化。相反，它显示了自1970年以来动物种群规模的平均变化。)”可知，LPI并不显示地球上动物总数的变化，而是显示自1970年以来动物种群大小的平均变化，因此LPI可能有点令人困惑。故perplexing在此处的意思是“令人困惑的”。A. Simple简单的；B. Cnfusing令人困惑的；C. Exciting令人兴奋的；D. Imprtant重要的。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Gegraphically, Latin America experienced the greatest lss at 95%, while Africa’s animal ppulatins fell by 76%, and Asia and the Pacific by 60%. (从地理上看，拉丁美洲的动物数量减少最多，达95%，而非洲的动物数量减少了76%，亚洲和太平洋地区减少了60%。)”可知，拉丁美洲的动物种群数量平均下降幅度最大。故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“The WWF calls fr urgent actin t prtect Earth’s wildlife, recmmending that 30% f the wrld’s land, ceans, and freshwater be prtected by 2030 and that humans change hw they eat, farm, and prduce energy. (WWF呼吁采取紧急行动保护地球上的野生动物，建议到2030年保护世界上30%的土地、海洋和淡水，并建议人类改变饮食、耕作和生产能源的方式。)”可知，WWF建议保护世界的土地、海洋和淡水。故选D。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If yu live in a place that gets a gd deal f snw and ice each winter, yu already knw what the next few mnths may hld: snwball fights, ht chclate, and s n! ____16____ At the first sign f snw r ice in the frecast, drivers will be ut spreading salt n the radways. Yu may als see peple spreading salt n their sidewalks and driveways.
____17____ It helps prevent ice frm frming n the pavement, making it much safer t drive during winter weather. Are yu wndering hw exactly salt makes the rads safer? Yu may have heard peple say salt melts ice. Hwever, the prcess is a bit mre cmplicated than that. It has t d with a cncept called freezing pint depressin (冰点降低).
Liquid water (液态水) becmes frzen ice at 0℃. ____18____ When salt is added t water, it makes it harder fr water mlecules t freeze. In effect, this lwers the freezing pint f water t abut -9.4℃. Belw that temperature, even rads that have been salted may be cvered in ice.
Salt ffers a cheap and effective way f making rads safer during winter mnths. ____19____ Rck salt used t treat rads ends up in lcal bdies f water and even in grund water. In large quantities, this can reduce the amunt f freshwater in an area and negatively impact plants and animals that rely n it.
Salted rads may als be the cause f increased chlride (氯化物) levels in nearby lakes and rivers. ____20____ In additin, the salt is crrsive and can damage rads, bridges, and vehicles. These impacts have led sme grups t advcate ther slutins fr icy rads, like sand. Sme even suggest using sugar r juice in place f salt.
A. This is its freezing pint.
B. Why d peple put salt n rads in winter?
C. Are yu lking frward t winter weather?
D. This chemical can d harm t plants and animals.
E. Hwever, it als has a negative effect n the envirnment.
F. Of curse, alng with the snw, salt trucks becme a cmmn sight.
G. The salt spread n rads and sidewalks ften appears gray r brwn.
【答案】16. F 17. B 18. A 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是冬季使用盐处理道路的原因及其影响。
【16题详解】
根据空前的“If yu live in a place that gets a gd deal f snw and ice each winter, yu already knw what the next few mnths may hld: snwball fights, ht chclate, and s n!(如果你住在一个每年冬天都有大量冰雪的地方，你已经知道接下来的几个月可能会发生什么：打雪仗、热巧克力等等！)”可知，冬季到来了，打雪仗、热巧克力等是接下来几个月可能发生的事情，结合空后的“At the first sign f snw r ice in the frecast, drivers will be ut spreading salt n the radways.(天气预报说，一旦有雪或冰的迹象，司机们就会在道路上撒盐。)”可知，空后提到了公路上撒盐的情景，由此可推断，此空应引出下文的内容，F选项“Of curse, alng with the snw, salt trucks becme a cmmn sight.(当然，随着下雪，运盐车也成了一道常见的风景)”承接了空前讲述的冬天到来常见的场景，也引出了空后的冬季撒盐的场景，符合语境。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据空后的“It helps prevent ice frm frming n the pavement, making it much safer t drive during winter weather.(它有助于防止路面结冰，使在冬天开车更安全)”可知，此处解释了冬季在路面上撒盐的原因，由此可知，此空处应是对上文中提到的在路上撒盐提出疑问，才有了空后作出解释，B选项“Why d peple put salt n rads in winter?(为什么冬天人们在路上撒盐？)”提出疑问，且空后内容对此疑问作出解释，符合语境。故选B项。
【18题详解】
根据空前的“Liquid water (液态水) becmes frzen ice at 0℃.(液态水在0℃时变成冰)”可知，此处提到了水会在0℃时结冰，结合空后的“When salt is added t water, it makes it harder fr water mlecules t freeze.(当盐加入水中时，水分子就更难结冰)”可知，盐加入水后，水很难结冰，由此可推断，此空讲述的是对空前的内容做出解释，且与冰点相关，结合空后“When salt is added t water, it makes it harder fr water mlecules t freeze. In effect, this lwers the freezing pint f water t abut -9.4℃.(当盐加入水中时，水分子就更难冻结。实际上，这将水的冰点降低到-9.4℃左右)”讲述的内容也与冰点相关，由此可知，此空讲述的内容与冰点有关，A选项“This is its freezing pint.(这是冰点)”对空前的0℃做出解释，符合语境。故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据空前的“Salt ffers a cheap and effective way f making rads safer during winter mnths.(盐提供了一种廉价而有效的方法，使道路在冬季更安全)”可知，此处讲述了撒盐在冬季道路安全中的好处，结合空后的“Rck salt used t treat rads ends up in lcal bdies f water and even in grund water.In large quantities, this can reduce the amunt f freshwater in an area and negatively impact plants and animals that rely n it.(用于处理道路的岩盐最终会进入当地水体，甚至地下水。在大量的情况下，这可能会减少一个地区的淡水数量，并对依赖淡水的动植物产生负面影响)”可知，空后讲述了冬季撒盐带来的负面影响，由此可知，此空应为过渡句，从撒盐的好处过渡到带来的问题，E选项“Hwever, it als has a negative effect n the envirnment.(然而，它也对环境有负面影响)”与空前内容为转折关系，且引出下文讲述的撒盐带来的负面影响，符合语境。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据空前的“Salted rads may als be the cause f increased chlride (氯化物) levels in nearby lakes and rivers.(盐渍道路也可能是附近湖泊和河流中氯化物含量增加的原因)”可知，此处提到了盐会增加附近河流的氯化物，结合空后的“In additin, the salt is crrsive and can damage rads, bridges, and vehicles.(此外，这种盐具有腐蚀性，会损坏道路、桥梁和车辆)”可知，此处讲述的是用盐处理冬天的道路带来的负面影响，由此可知，此空讲的与用盐处理冬天的道路带来的负面影响有关，D选项“This chemical can d harm t plants and animals.(这种化学物质对植物和动物有害)”讲述的内容与用盐处理冬天的道路带来的负面影响相关，且其中的“this chemical”指代的为空前的“chlride”。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Sunday, 30-year-ld Ruth Chepngetich f Kenya set a new wrld recrd fr the fastest marathn ever run by a wman, finishing in 2 hurs, 9 minutes, and 56 secnds. She’s the first ____21____ ever t finish a marathn in under 2 hurs and 10 minutes.
A marathn is a ____22____ race, cvering 42.195 kilmeters. Runners must nt nly be fast, but keep their ____23____ up ver a very lng distance. Chepngetich is n ____24____ t success in Chicag. She had already ____25____ the marathn twice, in 2021 and 2022. Her 2022 time f 2: 14: 18 had been the furth fastest marathn in wmen’s histry. This year, she ____26____ even higher, fcusing n breaking the wrld recrd.
Chepngetich ran fast ____27____ , finishing the first 5 kilmeters in just 15 minutes. By 30. kilmeters, she was nearly tw minutes ahead f her ____28____ cmpetitr, Sutume Kebede f Ethipia. ____29____ , Chepngetich was ging s fast that fr much f the marathn, she was running ______30______ the fastest men in the race. Actually, nly nine men finished the marathn ahead f her, ______31______ many peple wh thught a marathn time f under 2: 10 was impssible fr a wman.
“I’m very ______32______ myself,” Chepngetich said. She ______33______ $100,000 fr winning the race, and a(n) ______34______ $50,000 fr setting a new recrd.
In the men’s race, Jhn Krir f Kenya wn with a time f 2:02:44, ______35______ by Ethipia’ s Mhamed Esa (2:04:39).
21. A. humanB. AfricanC. athleteD. female
22. A. hardB. strangeC. newD. funny
23. A. patienceB. adventureC. speedD. balance
24. A. cmpetitrB. strangerC. partnerD. expert
25. A. watchedB. cntactedC. intrducedD. wn
26. A. aimedB. jumpedC. climbedD. achieved
27. A. frm the startB. as usualC. nce againD. in the meanwhile
28. A. yungestB. tallestC. clsestD. smartest
29. A. ObviuslyB. NaturallyC. ImpressivelyD. Luckily
30. A. againstB. alngsideC. withutD. twards
31. A. satisfyingB. disappintingC. frighteningD. surprising
32. A. curius abutB. prud fC. interested inD. respnsible fr
33. A. brrwedB. savedC. dnatedD. earned
34. A. extraB. uniqueC. freeD. ecnmic
35. A. masteredB. inspiredC. admiredD. fllwed
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了30岁的肯尼亚选手Ruth Chepngetich以2小时9分56秒的成绩刷新了女子马拉松跑得最快的世界纪录。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是第一位在2小时10分钟内跑完马拉松的女性。A. human人类；B. African非洲人；C. athlete运动员；D. female女性。根据上文“On Sunday, 30-year-ld Ruth Chepngetich f Kenya set a new wrld recrd fr the fastest marathn ever run by a wman, finishing in 2 hurs, 9 minutes, and 56 secnds.”可知Ruth Chepngetich以2小时9分56秒的成绩刷新了女子马拉松跑得最快的世界纪录，所以是第一位在2小时10分钟内跑完马拉松的女性，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马拉松是一项艰苦的比赛，全程42.195公里。A. hard艰苦的；B. strange奇怪的；C. new新的；D. funny有趣的。根据下文“cvering 42.195 kilmeters”和常识可知马拉松是一项艰苦的比赛，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：跑步者不仅要跑得快，而且要在很长的距离内保持速度。A. patience耐心；B. adventure冒险；C. speed速度；D. balance平衡。根据上文“Runners must nt nly be fast”和常识可知跑马拉松的跑步者不仅要跑的快，还得一直保持速度，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Chepngetich对在芝加哥的成功并不陌生。A. cmpetitr竞争者；B. stranger陌生人；C. partner同伴；D. expert专家。根据下文“She had already ____5____ the marathn twice, in 2021 and 2022.”可知她已经赢了两次马拉松，所以应该是对在芝加哥的成功并不陌生，故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她已经在2021年和2022年两次赢得马拉松冠军。A. watched观看；B. cntacted联系；C. intrduced介绍；D. wn赢得。根据下文“Her 2022 time f 2: 14: 18 had been the furth fastest marathn in wmen’s histry.”可推知她在2021年和2022年两次赢得马拉松冠军，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年，她的目标更高，希望打破世界纪录。A. aimed以……为目标；B. jumped跳；C. climbed攀登；D. achieved达到。根据下文“fcusing n breaking the wrld recrd”可知她的目标是希望打破世界纪录，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：Chepngetich从一开始就跑得很快，只用了15分钟就跑完了前5公里。 A. frm the start从一开始；B. as usual像往常一样；C. nce again再次；D. in the meanwhile在此期间。根据下文“finishing the first 5 kilmeters in just 15 minutes”可推知她从一开始就跑的很快，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在30公里时，她领先最接近的竞争对手埃塞俄比亚的苏图姆·凯贝德（Sutume Kebede）近两分钟。A. yungest最年轻的；B. tallest最高的；C. clsest最靠近的；D. smartest最聪明的。根据上文“nearly tw minutes ahead”和跑马拉松的过程中，可知应是最靠近的，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人印象深刻的是，Chepngetich跑得如此之快，以至于在马拉松比赛的大部分时间里，她都和比赛中跑得最快的男子一起跑。A. Obviusly显然地；B. Naturally自然地；C. Impressively令人印象深刻地；D. Luckily幸运地。根据下文“Chepngetich was ging s fast that fr much f the marathn”可知Chepngetich跑得如此之快，应该给人很深刻的印象，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. against反对；B. alngside与……一起；C. withut没有；D. twards朝向。根据上文“Chepngetich was ging s fast that fr much f the marathn”和下文“Actually, nly nine men finished the marathn ahead f her”可知她都和跑的最快的男子们在一起跑，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：实际上，只有9名男子在她之前完成了马拉松比赛，这让许多人感到惊讶，他们认为女性不可能在2小时10分钟内完成马拉松比赛。A. satisfying使满意；B. disappinting使失望；C. frightening使惊恐；D. surprising使惊奇。根据下文“many peple wh thught a marathn time f under 2: 10 was impssible fr a wman.”和上文可知Chepngetich在这个时间内完成了，所以是令很多人感到惊讶，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：“我为自己感到骄傲，” Chepngetich说。A. curius abut对……好奇；B. prud ft为……而骄傲；C. interested in对……感兴趣；D. respnsible fr为……负责。根据前文和下文“She____13____ $100,000 fr winning the race, and a(n) ____14____ $50,000 fr setting a new recrd.”可知Chepngetich打破了世界纪录还赢得了比赛，所以应该是感到骄傲，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她因赢得比赛而获得10万美元，并因创造新纪录而获得额外的5万美元。A. brrwed借；B. saved节约；C. dnated捐赠；D. earned赚，赢得。根据下文“$100,000 fr winning the race”可知是赢得，故选D。
34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. extra额外的；B. unique唯一的；C. free免费的；D. ecnmic经济的。根据上文“She____13____ $100,000 fr winning the race”可知赢得比赛获得10万美元，那么因创造新纪录而获得额外的5万美元奖励，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在男子比赛中，肯尼亚选手约翰·科里尔以2:02:44的成绩夺冠，埃塞俄比亚选手穆罕默德·埃萨以2:04:39的成绩紧随其后。A. mastered掌握；B. inspired鼓励；C. admired钦佩；D. fllwed跟随。根据“2:02:44”和“2:04:39”时间对比，可知是紧随其后，故选D。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Travelling can be beneficial fr ur health and may even slw dwn the ageing prcess. A recent study frm Edith Cw an University in Australia fund that ging n ____36____（trip) can make us lk and feel yunger. The researchers believe that ____37____ (experience) new things and meeting different peple keeps us yuthful as we age. Fangli Hu, ____38____ is lead authr f the research, said, “Turism is nt just ____39____ fun; it can als imprve ur physical and mental health.” Ms Hu added: “As a natural prcess, ageing can’t ____40____ (stp), but it can be slwed dwn.”
The study examined hw travel slws dwn aging, suggesting that vacatins, backpacking ____41____ sightseeing can help make us less stressful. Traveling can strengthen ur immune system (免疫系统) while helping t repair bdy tissues, which in turn slws dwn the aging prcess. “Traveling usually ____42____ (include) physical activities like hiking, climbing, and cycling, which can relieve muscle and jint tensin,” said Ms Hu. She pinted ut that these activities may supprt the immune system and imprve ur bdy’s ____43____ (able) t defend against illness.
The researchers suggested that traveling might be ____44____ (gd) than anti-aging creams fr helping us stay yuthful and healthy. S, instead f ____45____ (simple) depending n beauty prducts, think abut visiting new places t imprve yur health and well-being.
【答案】36. trips
37. experiencing
38. wh 39. fr
40. be stpped
41. and 42. includes
43. ability
44. better 45. simply
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是研究表明，旅游不仅让人放松，还有助于身心健康和减缓衰老。
【36题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：澳大利亚一所大学的伊迪丝·考最近的一项研究发现，旅行可以让我们看起来和感觉上更年轻。根据空格前的介词n可知，空格处应该用名词trip作宾语，可数名词，前面无限定词，此处应该用复数形式表示泛指。故填trips。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员认为，经历新事物和认识不同的人会让我们随着年龄的增长保持年轻。根据下文的and meeting可知，空格处应该用动名词experiencing和下文的meeting并列作主语。故填experiencing。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：该研究的第一作者胡方丽说：“旅游不仅仅是为了乐趣；它还可以改善我们的身心健康。” 空格处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词Fangli Hu进行限定说明，从句中缺少主语，所以，空格处应该用关系代词wh代替先行词在从句中作主语。故填wh。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：该研究的第一作者胡方丽说：“旅游不仅仅是为了乐趣；它还可以改善我们的身心健康。” fr fun“为了好玩”是固定短语。故填fr。
【40题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：胡女士补充说：“衰老是一个自然过程，无法阻止，但可以减缓。”空格处是谓语动词，根据空格前的can’t可知，应该用动词原形；动词stp和主语aging之间是被动关系，用被动语态。故填be stpped。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：这项研究调查了旅行如何延缓衰老，表明度假、背包旅行和观光可以帮助我们减轻压力。vacatins、backpacking和sightseeing是并列关系，应该用and连词。故填and。
【42题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：胡女士说：“旅游通常包括徒步旅行、爬山和骑自行车等体育活动，这些活动可以缓解肌肉和关节紧张。”空格处是谓语动词，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是travelling，谓语动词是三单形式。故填includes。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：她指出，这些活动可能支持免疫系统，提高我们身体抵御疾病的能力。根据空格前的动词imprve可知，空格处应该用名词ability作宾语。故填ability。
【44题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：研究人员表示，在帮助我们保持年轻和健康方面，旅行可能比抗衰老面霜更好。根据空格后的than可知，空格处应该用形容词比较级better作表语。故填better。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：所以，与其简单地依赖美容产品，不如考虑到新的地方去改善你的健康和幸福。修饰空格后的动词短语depend n，应该用副词simply作状语。故填simply。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15 分）
46. 某英文报社举办以“Be a gd turist”为主题的征文活动，你打算投稿。请根据以下要点写一篇短文：
1. 谈谈旅游的现状问题；
2. 给出如何当一个好游客的建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Be a gd turist
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Be a gd turist
An increasing number f peple are interested in traveling, which brings in mney fr lcal ecnmy as well as makes their mind and bdy relaxed.
Hwever, there’re a few prblems remaining t be settled. One grwing prblem is that turists have written r carved n the famus attractins, causing damage t them. Anther big cncern is the disturbance t the lcal peple and life. It als annys us that the rubbish is thrwn away anywhere instead f being put int rubbish cans.
S immediate actin ught t be taken t be a gd turist. Fllwing basic rules is a must, such as nt littering r smking in public. Be cnsiderate t thers and keep it in mind that whenever we travel at hme r abrad, we are representing ur cuntry t the rest f the wrld.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于投稿正文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，投稿参与以“Be a gd turist”为主题的征文活动，应首先引出旅游存在一些问题，对其现状进行简单介绍，再结合现状提出一些如何当一名好游客的建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
对……感兴趣：be interested in→have an interest in
解决：settle→address, tackle
使恼怒：anny→irritate
遵守：fllw→bey, bserve
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Hwever, there’re a few prblems remaining t be settled.
拓展句：Hwever, there’re a few prblems that remains t be settled.
【点睛】[高分句型1] An increasing number f peple are interested in traveling, which brings in mney fr lcal ecnmy as well as makes their mind and bdy relaxed. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] One grwing prblem is that turists have written r carved n the famus attractins, causing damage t them. (运用了that引导表语从句、现在分词作状语)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One year ag, I jined a club. Every mrning, there was a persnal trainer wh wrked ut. He did his rutine with such a quiet determinatin that he made it all lk very easy When I wanted t quit, I watched him push himself t his wn limits, and I fund myself mtivated t wrk hard.
Several weeks ag, I was watching him d chin-ups (引体向上) easily. I asked him if I culd try it. I had never tried befre. He eagerly stepped aside and encuraged me t step up t the bar. I pulled myself up withut thinking... Once... then twice. I had n strength left. I tld him that was all I had, s he stepped up behind me and pushed me up fr a third and a furth pull. It felt s gd and I smiled frm ear t ear.
The next day when I was dne with my wrkut, I asked him t spt me again. Again, I did tw. Again, n Day three and s n. I thught it was pitiful that I culd nly d tw, but he said he was impressed with my chin-ups, explaining that mst peple culdn’t d them at all. Then he tld me that if I practised every day, I wuld be ding five r six in n time.
I just jumped in and gave it a try. A few mnths had passed since that memrable day in the club. I cntinued t wrk n my chin-ups, slwly but steadily. With each passing week, I culd feel my strength increasing and my determinatin grwing.
One day, as I apprached the chin-up bar, my trainer nticed the determinatin in my eyes. He smiled and said, “Yu knw, yu made a big prgress in a such shrt time. I think it’s time t set a new gal fr yurself.” I asked, “What d yu have in mind?” He replied, “Hw abut aiming fr ten cnsecutive chin-ups? I believe that yu can achieve it with yur insistence.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was bth excited and nervus abut this new challenge.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, ne mrning, it happened.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I was bth excited and nervus abut this new challenge. Ten chin-ups seemed like a significant leap frm where I had started, but the belief my trainer had in me fueled my determinatin, I accepted the challenge and gt t wrk. Every mrning, I pushed myself harder than befre. The numbers slwly climbed: three, fur, five and then seven chin-ups. It was challenging, but I remembered the lessn that I had learned. The mst difficult tasks can be achieved thrugh cnsistent effrt and belief in neself.
Finally, ne mrning, it happened. I pulled myself up t the bar and cmpleted ten cnsecutive chin-ups. I culdn’t cntain my excitement and jy. I felt a prfund sense f accmplishment. I achieved my gal thrugh persistence. I had made it a reality. As I cntinue my fitness jurney, I carry this lessn with me: N matter hw daunting the bstacle may seem, the belief and persistence can help me vercme it. It’s nt just abut physical strength but als abut mental frtitude and the pwer f setting and achieving gals.
【解析】
【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者通过加入俱乐部并在个人教练的鼓励和指导下，不断努力挑战自己，最终在引体向上这项运动上取得了显著进步的故事。作者从最初只能做一两个引体向上，到在教练的鼓励下坚持不懈地练习，逐渐提高了自己的体能和毅力，最终实现了设定的新目标——连续做十个引体向上。从这次经历中，作者领悟到鼓励对一个人的成功至关重要的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“面对这个新的挑战，我既兴奋又紧张。”可知，第一段可描写作者接受新挑战——10个引体向上——的经过，及为了实现目标作者所做的努力。
②由第二段首句内容“终于，一天早上，它发生了。”可知，第二段可描写作者终于通过坚持不懈的努力达到了目标和感悟。
2.续写线索：面对新挑战既兴奋又紧张——教练对我的信任激发了我的决心——接受挑战——不断地训练——实现了目标——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
接受：accept/embrace
实现：achieve/accmplish
帮助：help/assist
克服：vercme/get ver
情绪类
快乐：jy/delight
决心：determinatin/reslutin
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Ten chin-ups seemed like a significant leap frm where I had started, but the belief my trainer had in me fueled my determinatin, I accepted the challenge and gt t wrk.（运用了where引导宾语从句，省略了that的定语从句）
[高分句型2]
N matter hw daunting the bstacle may seem, the belief and persistence can help me vercme it.（运用了n matter hw引导让步状语从句）
听力1—5CBABA 6—10 ACBCB 11—15CBACC 16—20BACAC
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