第06讲 非谓语动词之动名词（讲义）-2024年中考英语一轮复习讲义（全国通用）

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中考总复习一般分为三轮：
1、第一轮复习为基础知识的单元、章节复习。通过第一轮的复习，使学生系统掌握基础知识、基本技能和方法，形成明晰的知识网络和稳定的知识框架。
2、第二轮复习打破章节界限实行大单元、小综合、专题式复习。第二轮复习绝不是第一轮复习的压缩文档，而是一个知识点综合、巩固、完善、提高的过程。
3、第三轮复习是知识、能力深化巩固的阶段。复习资料的组织以中考题及模拟题为主，回扣教材，查缺补漏，进行强化训练。
►第07讲 非谓语动词之动名词（讲义）
【复习目标】
【考情分析】
从近三年中考卷可以看出，对非谓语动词中动名词的考查是必考点，主要是考查动名词作主语、宾语和定语等。但是题目的设置更加注重语境以及情景化和结构复杂化，加大了考生对题干的理解难度。因此，2024年中考备考要掌握动名词相关用法，熟悉动名词的常用搭配。
动名词题型命题规律
非谓语动词的动词动名词是历年中考常考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～3分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用非谓语动词的能力。

【网络构建】
构成：（t）+动词原形
动词不定
在句中的作用（主、宾、表、宾补、定、状）
非
谓 构成：V.-ing
语 动名词
动 用法（主、宾、表、定）
词
构成：现在分词 ding

过去分词 dne
分词
用法（表、补、定、状）
考向一动名词的形式和特征
动名词是非谓语动词的一种，它由动词原形加-ing构成，形式上与现在分词相同。动名词既具有动词的特征，可以有自己的宾语或状语，并与其一起构成动名词短语，又具有名词、形容词及副词的特征，在句中可作句子的主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、同位语、定语等成分，但不能作谓语，因此称动名词为非谓语动词。
动名词的构成：动名词一般由“动词原形+ing”构成
考向二 动名词的句法功能
（1）作主语
动名词作主语，放在句子的前面，但当动名词短语较长时，为了使句子保持平衡，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放到句子的末尾。如：
Reading makes a man perfect.阅读使人完美。
Finding wrk is difficult these days.现在找工作很困难。
It's n use waiting fr anther hur.再等一个小时也没用。
注意：
①it作形式主语，动名词作真正的主语的常用句型：
It is a waste f time ding sth ...做……是浪费时间。
It is n gd/n use ding ...做……是不好的/没用的。
It is hardly/scarcely wrth ding ...做……不值得。
It is wrth/wrthwhile ding ...做……是值得的。如：
It is n gd reading in the sun.在阳光下看书是不好的。
It is useless remembering wrds nly.只记单词是没有用的。
It is a waste f time ding such a thing.做这种事情是浪费时间。
It is wrth discussing the prblem.讨论这个问题是值得的。
②动名词作主语常用于there be句型。如：
There is n pint ding such a silly thing.做这样一件傻事毫无意义。
There is n stpping him.无法阻止他。
③动名词作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。如：
Talking mends n hles.空谈无济于事。
Ndding the head means agreement.点头意味着同意。
（2）作宾语
动名词作宾语，既可用于及物动词和短语动词后作宾语，也可用于介词后作介词的宾语。如：
He enjys reading stries.他喜欢读故事。
I dislike playing cards.我不喜欢打牌。
Have yu finished reading the bk？你看完这本书了吗？
They are practicing singing the new sng.他们正在练习唱新歌。
He gt dwn t wrking as sn as he gt t the ffice.他一进入办公室就开始工作。
He hurried t schl withut having breakfast.他没吃早饭就匆匆去了学校。
Hw abut ging fr a picnic？去野餐怎么样？
注意：
①并不是所有的及物动词都可以用动名词作宾语，动名词只能做某些及物动词及短语动词的宾语。
可以用动名词作宾语的动词常用的有：enjy，finish，spend，mind，keep，practice，stp，admit，advise，allw，avid，dislike，miss，suggest
可以用动名称作宾语的短语动词有：can't help，give up，keep n，feel like，carry n，put ff，insist n，get dwn t，lk frwards t，be/get used t等。
②下列动词或形容词want，require，need，wrth后跟动名词作宾语时，主动形式表被动意义。如：
The bk is wrth reading.这本书值得读。
The huse requires repairing at nce.这座房子需要马上维修。
③除介词besides，but，except后跟不定式作介词宾语外，其他介词一般都须跟动名词作宾语。如：
Yu must finish yur wrk befre ging t the cncert.你必须在去听音乐会之前把工作完成。
On seeing her mther，the little girl began t cry ut.这个小女孩一看见她的母亲就大哭了起来。
（3）作表语
动名词作表语，有两种情况：①当动名词具有名词性质时，动名词短语说明主语的内容；②当动名词具有形容词性质时，动名词说明主语的性质或特征。如：
His jb is teaching English.他的工作是教英语。（说明工作的内容）
His jb is interesting.他的工作很有趣。（说明工作的特征）
注意： 当动词-ing的动作是主语所发出时，句子不是系表结构，而是现在进行时。如：
He is teaching Japanese at that schl.他在那所学校教日语。（现在进行时）
（4）作宾语补足语
动名词作宾语补足语，放在宾语的后面。如：
I watched them playing vlleyball n the playgrund.我看他们在操场上打排球了。
Dn't have yur guest standing there.不要让客人站在那里。
注意：
用动名词作宾语补足语的常用动词有：
①表示感觉、知觉的动词：hear，see，watch，ntice，feel，lk at，listen t等。如：
I heard her singing in the next dr.我听见她在隔壁唱歌。
②动词find，get，have，keep，leave，send，suggest等。如：
I fund the missing by playing by the river.我发现那个失踪的男孩在河边玩。
（5）作定语
动名词或动名词短语作定语，有的放在它所修饰的名词之前，有的放在它所修饰的名词之后。
①单个的动名词作定语时，总是位于被修饰的名词之前，说明被修饰名词的目的、用途或特征。如：
China is a develping cuntry.中国是一个发展中国家。
Wuld yu please give me sme writing paper？请给一些书写纸好吗？
②动名词后接名词、代词或副词构成的短语作定语时，总是位于所修饰的名词之后，说明名词所处的状态或进行的动作。如：
The by studying in the classrm is Li Lei.在教室里学习的那个男孩是李雷。
Dn't truble the dg sleeping ver there .不要惹是生非。
（6）作同位语
动名词作同位语，位于同位的名词之后，且跟前面的名词用逗号隔开，表示前面名词的内容。如：
His idea，helping farmers get in their crps，interested us very much.我们对他那帮助农民收割庄稼的想法很感兴趣。
The gal，making tw thusand cars this mnth，excites the wrkers.本月生产两千辆小汽车的目标使工人们很兴奋。
考向三 常见跟动词的ing形式的情况总结归纳
动词： finish ding sth.完成做某事；enjy ding sth. 喜欢做某事；
practice ding sth. 练习做某事；imagine ding,想象做某事；
avid ding sth.避免做某事；cnsider ding sth.考虑做某事；
suggest ding sth.建议做某事；mind ding sth.介意做某事；keep ding sth.持续做
我们可按下面的顺口溜记忆这些词。
完成实践值得忙（finish, practice, be wrth, be busy）
继续习惯别放弃（keep n, be used t, give up）
考虑建议不禁想（cnsider, suggest, can't help, feel like）
喜欢思念要介意（enjy, miss, mind）
②固定短语： feel like ding sth.喜欢做某事；
be busy ding sth.忙于做某事
be wrth ding 值得做某事；
spend time (in) ding sth.花费时间（金钱）做某事；
have difficulty/truble/prblems (in) ding sth做某事有困难；
have fun ding.做某事高兴
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③介词后(n, in, f, abut, at, with, withut, fr, frm, up, by等)
如：be gd at ding sth= d well in ding sth..；
thank yu fr ding sth.； give up ding sth.； stp/keep/prevent sb. frm ding sth.；
be afraid f ding sth.； be interested in ding sth.； be prud f； instead f； be fnd f
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④t作介词+ding 1. lk frward t ding sth （盼望）
2. pay attentin t ding sth.（注意）
3.be used t ding sth. （习惯于）
4.prefer ding sth t ding sth.（更喜欢）
t ding sth （致力于）
6. make a cntributin t ding （做贡献）
一、用所给单词适当形式填空
1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Nwadays the vlunteers frm the charity are busy mney fr the children wh have infantile autism (自闭症). (cllect)
2．（2023·甘肃张掖·校考模拟预测）Seeing Linda arrive at the finishing line, her classmates culdn’t help (cheer) fr her ludly.
3．（2023·甘肃武威·校考模拟预测）After (finish) ding yur hmewrk, yu can have a gd rest.
4．（2023·甘肃陇南·模拟预测）Thanks a lt fr (invite) me t yur huse.
5．（2023·甘肃定西·校考模拟预测）Jack hasn’t taken his pian lessns fr a lng time. He is cnsidering ( give ) them up.
6．（2023·辽宁盘锦·校联考三模）T avid （hit）the truck, he ran int the wall and his arm was badly hurt.
7．（2023·甘肃白银·统考二模）Wuld yu mind (clse) the windws? It’s t cld.
8．（2023·甘肃定西·统考三模）He stpped his sn frm (play) games n the mbile phne.
9．（2023·西藏日喀则·统考二模）Please stp (cry), little man! I haven’t tuched yur tth yet.
10．（2023·甘肃平凉·统考一模）All f the students stpped (talk) when the teacher came int the classrm.
11．（2023·甘肃定西·统考二模）All the students are lking frward t (meet) the famus singer.
12．（2023·甘肃白银·统考三模）Amy practices (play) the pian twice a week.
13．（2023·黑龙江鸡西·统考一模）I’ll spend as much time as I can （help）in an ld peple’s hme.
14．（2023·甘肃定西·统考一模）Li Yi is interested in art and she practices （ paint） every day.
15．（2023·云南昭通·统考二模）Everyne plays an imprtant rle in the envirnment. (prtect)
二、单项选择
16．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）—The windw is brken and needs ________.
—I think s. They can hardly keep ut the cld nw.
A．repairingB．t repairC．repairedD．be repaired
17．（2023·吉林长春·模拟预测）—Have yu finished ________ the picture?
—Nt yet. I am busy these days.
A．drawB．t drawC．drawingD．drew
18．（2023·甘肃武威·校考模拟预测）—What d yu remember abut Grade Seven, Jane?
—I remember ________ the Old Peple’s Hme.
A．visitB．t visitC．visitingD．visited
19．（2023·四川泸州·统考一模）Nbdy can avid ________ mistakes.
A．makesB．makingC．t makeD．made
20．（2023·江苏徐州·校考二模）There is n dubt ________ Harry Ptter is wrth ________.
A．whether; reading B．if; t readC．that; readingD．that; being read
21．（2023·上海黄浦·统考三模）I’m really lking frward ________ with yu n the prject.
A．wrkB．t wrkC．wrkingD．t wrking
22．（2023·海南海口·统考一模）—I feel really tired after wrking fr a lng time.
—Why nt cnsider ________ a break?
A．haveB．t haveC．having
23．（2023·吉林长春·统考二模）I think ________ nt difficult ________ English every mrning.
A．that; keep reading B．it’s; t keep reading
C．that; t keep readD．it; t keep t read
24．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考一模）—Mr. Lee is an animal-lver. He spends as much time as he can ________ animals.
—He is a true friend f animals.
A．prtectB．prtectsC．t prtectD．prtecting
25．（2023·江苏连云港·统考二模）Many students have difficulty ________ with their parents, which causes truble in their life.
A．cmmunicateB．t cmmunicateC．cmmunicatingD．cmmunicated
26．（2023·云南昆明·统考二模）—Wuld yu mind my ________ here?
—Better nt. If yu d that, yu will be fined (罚款).
A．smkeB．t smkeC．smkingD．smkeing
27．（2023·辽宁阜新·统考二模）I asked Uncle Tm t stp ________ because he didn’t feel well.
A．smkeB．smkedC．t smkeD．smking
28．（2023·四川攀枝花·统考二模）I’m sleepy. I prefer ________ at hme t ________ ut fr a walk.
A．sleeping; gingB．t sleep; gC．slept; gD．sleep; ging
29．（2023·四川广元·统考模拟预测）Recently, ________ in public places is frbidden.
A．smkeB．t smkeC．smkedD．smking
30．（2023·湖南湘西·统考一模）I ften practice ________ the pian in the mrning, but my neighbrs dn’t mind ________ the sund.
A．play; hearingB．playing; hearingC．playing; t hear
31．（2023·江苏南京·统考一模）Lk at the picture. What great fun the children are having ________ nw!
A．catching fishB．t catch fishC．feeding fishD．t feed fish
32．（2023·广西柳州·统考二模）—Jim, d yu ften shp nline?
—Seldm. I think ________ ver the Internet isn’t always safe.
A．payingB．paysC．pay
33．（2023·湖北襄阳·统考一模）— What wuld yu like t drink, tea r cffee?
— Well, I used t drink cffee. But nw I ________ tea. I think tea is healthier.
A．used tB．am used t drinkC．am used t drinkingD．used t drinking
34．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考二模）I think we shuld spend as much time as we can ________ in ur spare time.
A．readB．t readC．readingD．t reading
35．（2022·江苏苏州·校考一模）He devted what he paid attentin ________ it pssible fr wmen ________ better educatin.
A．t making; t receiveB．t making; t receiving
C．t t making; t receiveD．t t making; receive
三、语法选择
（2023·广东梅州·统考一模）
Recently, a Yunnan girl dancing in frnt f her mther’s prk shp became ppular nline. The girl’s name is Wu Gangyun. She shwed great 36 in dancing when she was very yung. She always dreamed t be a dancer when grwing up. 37 Wu’s mther knew nthing abut dancing, she supprted her daughter. But Wu’s family wasn’t very 38 . Her parents didn’t have enugh mney t send her t 39 prfessinal dancing schl. Hwever, Wu Gangyun never gave up her lve fr dancing. She began t watch vides abut dancing nline and then taught 40 hw t dance. She was nt nly talented but als hard-wrking. She practiced 41 whenever she was free. The neighbrs ften saw Wu dance 42 when her mther was wrking in the small prk shp.
Luckily, Wu’s talent attracted the attentin f Zhang Ping and her husband. The warm-hearted cuple 43 their best t help pr girls in Yunnan t cntinue their dancing educatin fr many years. Later, with the help f the cuple, Wu Gangyun made great prgress. With several 44 children frm her hmetwn, Wu even perfrmed “The Wizard f Oz” n the CCTV stage. The perfrmance was a huge success. We all have the chance t make ur dream 45 true as lng as we never give up.
36．A．interestB．interestingC．interestedD．interestingly
37．A．ButB．AlthughC．OrD．Because
38．A．richB．richerC．richestD．the richest
39．A．aB．anC．theD．/
40．A．herB．hersC．sheD．herself
41．A．danceB．t danceC．dancingD．danced
42．A．happyB．unhappyC．happinessD．happily
43．A．tryB．have triedC．are tryingD．will try
44．A．thersB．the thersC．therD．the ther
45．A．cameB．cmeC．cmingD．t cme
一、单项选择
1．（2022·青海·统考中考真题）—The dctrs are busy ________ hw t deal with this disease these days.
—S they are. They’re really hard-wrking.
A．discussB．t discussC．discussing
2．（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）________ t much sweet fd will make peple get fat.
A．EatingB．EatsC．EatD．Ate
3．（2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）—Mst teenagers like humrus TV shws.
—Me t. I can’t help ________ when I watch them.
A．laughingB．t laughC．laughedD．laugh
4．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The yung player spends fur hurs _______ vlleyball every day.
A．practiseB．practisingC．t practiseD．practised
5．（2022·贵州黔西·统考中考真题）Mst f the students are lking frward t ________ themselves after the exams.
A．wrkB．wrkingC．relaxD．relaxing
6．（2022·广西玉林·统考中考真题）—Safety cmes first! Everyne shuld stp the kids frm ________ in the lake r river.
—Life is valuable. Kids must remember ________ the schl rules.
A．swim; t fllwB．swim; fllwing
C．swimming; fllwingD．swimming; t fllw
7．（2022·广西河池·统考中考真题）I usually spend time ________ in the library n weekends.
A．readB．readingC．readsD．t read
8．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）If yu have difficulty ________ ut the prblem, yu can ask the teacher fr help.
A．wrkB．wrkingC．t wrk
9．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）What abut ________ the sng Tgether fr a Shared Future? Its name is the slgan (口号) f Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games.
A．singB．singingC．t sing
10．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）Hlly prefers playing the pian t ________ the vilin. Listen! She ________ the pian in her rm.
A．play; is playingB．playing; playsC．playing; is playing
二、用所给单词适当形式填空
11．（2023·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）—Prfessr Wang will give us a talk n the histry f Huai’an tmrrw.
—Really? I lk frward t (attend) it.
12．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）When we learn English, we must pay attentin t (prnunce) the wrds crrectly.
13．（2023·内蒙古包头·统考中考真题）T many Chinese peple, the prcess f the Spring Festival dinner tgether is mre imprtant than the dinner itself. (prepare)
14．（2023·四川达州·统考中考真题）The ld saying “A fall int a pit, a gain in yur wit.” means we shuld learn frm mistakes and avid (make) the same mistakes again.
15．（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）Mst f the Chinese chse t stay at hme t prevent the COVID-19 frm (spread) arund.
16．（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）As fr me, I usually practice (play) badmintn t keep fit.
17．（2022·贵州六盘水·统考中考真题）Lk! Jim is having fun (skate) in the snw. He thinks it’s gd exercise.
18．（2019·江苏扬州·中考真题）If the glden sun shuld stp its light, just ne smile frm yu wuld make my whle wrld bright. (shine)
19．（2022·内蒙古包头·统考中考真题）I remember my key int my bag, but nw it’s nt there! （put）
20．（2022·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）— Lily, I have difficulty (read) cmic strips in English.
— Dn’t wrry. Let’s read sme tgether.
21．（2022·江苏泰州·统考中考真题）Gu Ailing has a gift fr (ski) and wn high praise in Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games.
22．（2022·甘肃武威·统考中考真题）Mre and mre yung peple enjy (read) pems.
23．Mr. Black has been in China fr three years and nw he is used t (eat) Chinese fd.
24．（2022·湖南永州·统考中考真题）When playing in the hallways students shuld avid (push) each ther.
25．（2021·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）Vlunteers in ur cmmunity are busy (get) ready fr the cming charity shw.
目录
一
复习目标
掌握目标及备考方向
二
考情分析
2023年中考名词考情分析
三
网络构建
知识点头脑风暴
五
动名词考向
动名词的形式及特征
动名词的句法功能
常见跟动词的ing形式的情况总结归纳
提升必考题型归纳
六
真题感悟
中考动名词经典考题