广东省廉江实验学校2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试卷 （解析版）-A4

这是一份广东省廉江实验学校2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试卷 （解析版）-A4，共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Understanding Financial Aid fr Cllege: A Guide
Many families are shcked by a cllege’s sticker price. While the cst f tuitin can be verwhelming, financial aid can make higher educatin mre affrdable. Here are a few answers t cmmn financial aid questins.
What Are the Different Types f Financial Aid?
There are tw types f aid: need-based and merit-based.
Need-based aid is determined by a family’s demnstrated ability t pay fr cllege. Merit aid, n the ther hand, can be awarded by an institutin, cllege r private rganizatin t a student fr a specific talent r an athletic r academic ability. These awards aren’t based n financial need.
Hw D I Apply fr Financial Aid?
Yu need t file the Free Applicatin fr Federal Student Aid, knwn as the FAFSA. This applicatin is used by many state agencies and schls t determine cllege aid. This is usually based n their husehld incme as reprted n federal incme taxes.
Sme schls mstly private clleges — use a frm called the CSS Prfile t determine hw t give ut their wn funds. This frm is mre detailed than the FAFSA and can be mre time-cnsuming t cmplete.
Fr instance, the CSS Prfile takes int accunt assets (资产) that are excluded n the FAFSA, as well as infrmatin abut medical r additinal educatinal expenses.
The initial submissin fee fr the CSS Prfile is $25; each additinal reprt is $16.
When Will I Receive a Financial Aid Award Letter?
Financial aid award letters typically g ut t cllege-bund students in early spring usually shrtly after they receive a cllege acceptance ffer.
1. Wh are mst likely t receive merit-based financial aid?
A. Students wh excel in sprts.B. Students struggling academically.
C. Students with great financial need.D. Students active in cmmunity service.
2. Hw des the CSS Prfile differ frm the FAFSA?
A. It is a less cmplicated frm.B. It charges less fr applicatin.
C. It is mre widely used amng clleges.D. It digs deeper int the family’s finances.
3. When d students typically receive their financial aid award letters?
A. Right after they register fr cllege.B. During their first semester in cllege.
C. Between admissin and the start f cllege.D. Befre receiving a cllege acceptance letter.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则大学经济援助的指南，介绍了不同类型的经济援助以及如何申请经济资助等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Merit aid, n the ther hand, can be awarded by an institutin, cllege r private rganizatin t a student fr a specific talent r an athletic r academic ability.(另一方面，奖学金可以由机构、大学或私人组织颁发给具有特定才能或运动或学术能力的学生)”可知，擅长运动的学生最有可能获得基于成绩的经济资助。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hw D I Apply fr Financial Aid?部分中“Fr instance, the CSS Prfile takes int accunt assets (资产) that are excluded n the FAFSA, as well as infrmatin abut medical r additinal educatinal expenses.(例如，CSS配置文件考虑了FAFSA中不包括的资产，以及有关医疗或额外教育费用的信息)”可知，CSS Prfile与FAFSA的不同在于CSS Prfile更深入地挖掘家庭的财务状况。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Financial aid award letters typically g ut t cllege-bund students in early spring usually shrtly after they receive a cllege acceptance ffer.(经济援助奖励信通常在初春发给大学生，通常是在他们收到大学录取通知书后不久)”可知，学生通常在录取和开始上大学之间的时段收到他们的助学金奖励信。故选C。
B
Nt all heres wear capes(斗篷) and Steve Mntelng prved the statement. While he desn’t cnsider himself a her, he has saved the lives f three peple during the last tw decades.
The 80-year-ld man was in the right place at the right time, when he pulled a man ut f his sinking car after he had accidentally driven int a river. Mntelng jumped t the man’s help withut any hesitatin(犹豫) r regard t his wn health.
The accident happened while the elderly man was taking his granddaughter hme after a dentist’s appintment. They had stpped at a traffic light when the girl saw the car fall int the river. Mntelng gt ut f his car t check ut the scene and instantly nticed that water had begun rushing int the vehicle f the trapped driver. He walked int the river and managed t pen the autmbile’s back dr, which frtunately was unlcked. As the water began t rush int the car faster, the 80-year-ld managed t pull the 62-year-ld Jack Swarts frm the car by his shirt.
He later said in an interview—“I dn’t cnsider myself a her. I was just a man that gt put in the right place at the right time”—wrds frm a genuine mdern-day gd persn.
This, hwever, wasn’t Mntelng’s nly act f herism. Nearly 20 years ag, he helped tw f his neighbrs get t safety as their huse was caught in a fire. He was 62 years ld at the time and had t kick pen his neighbr’s frnt dr t pull ut 80-year-ld Kathirne Mattx and 79-year-ld Wayne Maxwell. During the rescue, Mntelng suffered chest pains and had t be hspitalized but made a quick recvery (恢复). He was awarded the Carnegie Her Fund Cmmissin medal fr this bravery and act f herism.
4. What des the underlined part in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Heres like special clthes.B. Everyne wants t be a her.
C. Heres deserve t be praised.D. Ordinary peple can be heres.
5. Hw did Mntelng save Jack Swarts?
A. By managing t start the car.B. By pulling him ut f the car.
C. By clearing the car f water.D. By giving him first aid treatment.
6. What can we infer abut Mntelng frm his wrds in the interview?
A. He is mdest.B. He is brave.
C. He is respnsible.D. He is clever.
7. What can we learn frm Mntelng’s stry?
A. A her is a man f cnfidence.
B. Care is an imprtant part f curage.
C. Fr what they ught t d, such a persn is brave.
D. The mst terrible enemy is the lack f strng faith.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。在过去的20年里，Mntelng拯救了三个人的生命，他也因自己的勇敢和英雄行为得到了嘉奖。
【4题详解】
句意猜测题。根据第一段中“Steve Mntelng prved the statement. While he desn’t cnsider himself a her, he has saved the lives f three peple during the last tw decades(史蒂夫·蒙特隆戈证实了这一说法。虽然他并不认为自己是英雄，但在过去的二十年里，他挽救了三个人的生命)”可知，不是所有的英雄都穿斗篷，普通人也可以是英雄，史蒂夫·蒙特隆戈证实了这一说法。故划线句意思是“普通人也可以成为英雄”。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“As the water began t rush int the car faster, the 80-year-ld managed t pull the 62-year-ld Jack Swarts frm the car by his shirt.(随着水开始更快地涌入汽车，这位80岁的老人设法抓住62岁的Jack Swarts的衬衫，把他从车里拉了出来)”可知，Mntelng从车里把Jack Swarts拉下来救了Jack Swarts，故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“I dn’t cnsider myself a her. I was just a man that gt put in the right place at the right time(我不认为自己是英雄。我只是一个在正确的时间被安排在正确的地方的人)”可以推断，他非常谦虚。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“He later said in an interview—“I dn’t cnsider myself a her. I was just a man that gt put in the right place at the right time”—wrds frm a genuine mdern-day gd persn.(他后来在一次采访中说：“我不认为自己是英雄。我只是一个在正确的时间出现在正确的地点的人”——这是一个真正的现代好人的话)”结合本文讲述了在过去的20年里，Mntelng拯救了三个人的生命，他也因自己的勇敢和英雄行为得到了嘉奖，但他不觉得自己是英雄，只是做了自己该做的事，故C项“不管他们应该做什么，这样的人是勇敢的”符合题意，故选C。
C
Scream if yu want t charge yur phne
Thanks t the wnders f science, riders n Thrpe Park’s new attractin, a rller caster called The Walking Dead, can nw pwer their smart phnes by screaming ludly. That’s because there are devices n it that “harvest kinetic energy (动能)”. The park cnducted research which shws that peple’s biggest fear is their phnes running ut f battery, s the device shuld prve ppular.
All f the Walking Dead’s carriages have been fitted with the harvesting devices, which nt nly harvest the energy f screams, but that frm g-frce and vibratins (振动) f the ride, t. It is stred in a pwer management unit. The unit is then remved frm the carriages by staff and depsited int an n-site mbile charging pint where ride gers will charge their devices. The 188mmx 188mm x 67mm energy harvester is jet black, blending int its dark and mysterius surrundings n the rller caster themed arund the glbal TV shws.
Thrpe Park said: “If thrill-seekers are brave enugh t pen their eyes, they will see a set f LED lights in bld red pwering up as guests’ screams becme luder... thrughut the 90-secnd experience.”
Designed and installed by researchers at Queen Mary University Lndn and the engineering team at Thrpe Park Resrt, the technlgy tk three mnths t be carried ut, frm design t installatin. It will be available at the theme park fr an initial trial perid.
Thrpe Park Resrt’s Jhn Burtn, wh came up with the ride cncept, said, “The Walking Dead’s ride is 15 ut f 10 n the scare factr scale, s it makes sense t be able t cmbine and use the pwer f ur visitrs’ screams and the ride’s vibratins t help slve a prblem each and every ne f us faces — lsing the charge n ur mbiles when we’re n a day ut.”
Dr Je Brisce, Schl f Engineering and Materials Science at Queen Mary University f Lndn, said, “This is an exciting cncept that will undubtedly be used mre frequently in the future. The system uses a mini energy harvester t capture the kinetic energy, transferring it t a separate electrical circuit and strage unit, which is enugh t charge a mbile phne.”
8. Where culd ride gers easily get their phnes charged?
A. At the carriage.B. At the charging pint.
C. At the LED light.D. At the energy harvester.
9. Why des Jhn Burtn cnsider the cncept wrkable?
A. Because a mini energy harvester is applied.
B. Because The Walking Dead is mst frightening.
C. Because the park has quite a number f scary rides.
D. Because almst everyne is faced with pwer failure.
10. What’s Dr Je Brisce’s attitude tward the technlgy?
A. Favrable.B. Dubtful.C. Neutral.D. Disapprving.
11. What’s the main idea f the text?
A. A new battery fr pwering yur phne is invented.
B. The traditinal way f charging yur phne is n the way ut.
C. Visitrs’ scream in Thrpe Park can be used t charge the phne.
D. The mst effective way f charging yur phne has been fund in Thrpe Park.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述一项发明，英国索普游乐园收集游客尖叫产生的声能和重力及震动的能量来给手机充电。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“All f the Walking Dead’s carriages have been fitted with the harvesting devices, which nt nly harvest the energy f screams, but that frm g-frce and vibratins (振动) f the ride, t. It is stred in a pwer management unit. The unit is then remved frm the carriages by staff and depsited int an n-site mbile charging pint where ride gers will charge their devices. (《行尸走肉》的所有车厢都安装了收集装置，不仅可以收集尖叫的能量，还可以收集重力和震动的能量。它被存储在电源管理单元中。然后，工作人员会将电池从车厢中取出，放在现场的移动充电点，乘客可以在那里为自己的设备充电。)”可知，乘客可以在充点电给手机充电，故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Thrpe Park Resrt’s Jhn Burtn, wh came up with the ride cncept, said, “The Walking Dead’s ride is 15 ut f 10 n the scare factr scale, s it makes sense t be able t cmbine and use the pwer f ur visitrs’ screams and the ride’s vibratins t help slve a prblem each and every ne f us faces—lsing the charge n ur mbiles when we’re n a day ut.” (索普公园度假村的约翰·伯顿提出了这个游乐设施的概念，他说：“《行尸走肉》的游乐设施在惊吓系数上的得分是15分(满分为10分)，所以把游客的尖叫和游乐设施的震动结合起来，帮助解决我们每个人都面临的问题是有意义的——当我们外出的时候，我们的手机没电了。”)”可知因为游乐园里有很多惊吓系数很高的游乐设施，这样游客的尖叫声就会和游乐设施的震动结合起来产生能量来为手机充电，故选C。
10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dr Je Brisce, Schl f Engineering and Materials Science at Queen Mary University f Lndn, said, “This is an exciting cncept that will undubtedly be used mre frequently in the future. The system uses a mini energy harvester t capture the kinetic energy, transferring it t a separate electrical circuit and strage unit, which is enugh t charge a mbile phne.” (伦敦玛丽女王大学工程与材料科学学院乔·布里斯科博士说：“这是一个令人兴奋的概念，无疑将在未来得到更频繁的应用。该系统使用一个小型能量收集器来捕获动能，并将其转移到一个独立的电路和存储单元，这足以给一部手机充电。” ) ”可知乔·布里斯科博士对这项技术的前景很乐观，所以应该会支持这项技术，故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是文章标题“Scream if yu want t charge yur phne.( 如果你想给手机充电，就尖叫。)”和第一段“Thanks t the wnders f science, riders n Thrpe Park’s new attractin, a rller caster called The Walking Dead, can nw pwer their smart phnes by screaming ludly. That’s because there are devices n it that “harvest kinetic energy (动能)”. The park cnducted research which shws that peple’s biggest fear is their phnes running ut f battery, s the device shuld prve ppular. (多亏了科学的奇迹，索普公园的新景点——名为“行尸走肉”的过山车上的乘客们现在可以通过大声尖叫来给他们的智能手机充电了。这是因为上面有“收集动能”的装置。该公园进行的一项研究表明，人们最担心的是手机没电了，所以这种设备应该会很受欢迎。)”可知文章讲述一项发明，英国索普游乐园收集游客尖叫产生的声能和重力及震动的能量来给手机充电。C选项“游客在索普公园的尖叫可以用来给手机充电。”符合文章大意，故选C。
D
Scientists have shwn hw plants can prtect themselves against genetic (基因的) damage caused by envirnmental stresses. The grwing tips f plant rts and shts have an in-built mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, aviding passing n faulty DNA.
Plants have small ppulatins f stem cells (干细胞) at the tips f their rts and shts, which enable them t cntinuusly grw and prduce new tissues thrughut their lifetime. These stem cells serve as ancestrs fr plant tissues and rgans. Hwever, any genetic faults present in the stem cells will cntinue t exist and be passed n permanently thrughut the plant’s life, which culd last thusands f years.
Given the critical rle f stem cells and their expsure t ptentially dangerus envirnments at the grwing tips f rts and shts, safeguards are necessary t prevent stem cell faults frm becming fixed. Researchers Nick Fulcher and Rbert Sablwski, funded by the Bitechnlgy and Bilgical Sciences Research Cuncil, aimed t uncver these prtective mechanisms. Thrugh experiments invlving X-rays and chemicals, they discvered that stem cells were mre sensitive t DNA damage cmpared t ther cells.
When DNA damage ccurs, the cells have the capacity t detect it and cause prgrammed cells t die, preventing the prpagatin f the damaged genetic cde t the rest f the plant tissues. This prcess has similarities t the safeguard mechanism fund in animal cells, which has been bradly studied due t its relevance in preventing cancer.
The identificatin f a similar prtective system in plants is f great interest in the field f plant develpment. It als helps scientists develp plants that can better handle envirnmental stress. S knwledge f hw plants deal with these stresses is f fundamental significance t agricultural science’s respnse t climate change.
12. What is the functin f the in-built mechanism in plants?
A. T prduce mre rts and shts.B. T increase the verall lifetime f the plant.
C. T enhance plant grwth and nutrient intake.D. T stp genetic faults in stem cells passing n.
13. What can we knw abut stem cells in plants accrding t the text?
A. They are relatively abundant in quantity.B. They are resistant t envirnmental stresses.
C. They make quick respnse t DNA damage.D. They have the ability t repair damaged DNA.
14. What des the underlined wrd “prpagatin” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Spread.B. Change.C. Existence.D. Self-repair.
15. What des the last paragraph fcus n?
A. The way f dealing with climate change n the earth.
B. The significance f identifying the prtective system in plants.
C. The methd f ensuring plant survival under envirnmental stress.
D. The urgency f develping plants that can handle envirnmental stress.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们已经展示了植物如何保护自己免受环境压力造成的遗传损害，即植物拥有内建机制，来阻止干细胞中的基因缺陷遗传下去。
12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The grwing tips f plant rts and shts have an in-built mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, aviding passing n faulty DNA.(植物的根和芽的生长尖端有一个内置的机制，如果检测到DNA损伤，就会导致细胞死亡，从而避免将有缺陷的DNA传递给下一代)”可知，植物内建机制的功能是阻止干细胞中的基因缺陷遗传下去。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Thrugh experiments invlving X-rays and chemicals, they discvered that stem cells were mre sensitive t DNA damage cmpared t ther cells.(通过涉及x射线和化学物质的实验，他们发现干细胞比其他细胞对DNA损伤更敏感)”可知，植物中的干细胞对DNA损伤做出快速反应。故选C。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“When DNA damage ccurs, the cells have the capacity t detect it and cause prgrammed cells t die, preventing the”以及后文“f the damaged genetic cde t the rest f the plant tissues”可知，当DNA受损时，细胞有能力检测到它，并导致程序化细胞死亡，防止受损的遗传密码传播到植物组织的其他部分。故划线词意思是“传播”。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The identificatin f a similar prtective system in plants is f great interest in the field f plant develpment. It als helps scientists develp plants that can better handle envirnmental stress. S knwledge f hw plants deal with these stresses is f fundamental significance t agricultural science’s respnse t climate change.(在植物中发现类似的保护系统在植物发育领域具有重要意义。它还帮助科学家培育出能够更好地应对环境压力的植物。因此，了解植物如何应对这些压力对农业科学应对气候变化具有重要意义)”可知，最后一段的重点是识别植物保护系统的意义。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Yu may nt get enugh physical activity thrughut the day, especially since sitting still is required r encuraged in many jbs, at schl, and in scial situatins. But there’s smething yu shuld knw. ___16___. Read t learn whether yu might be classified as inactive r sedentary (久坐的).
What cunts as being physically inactive?
While there is n strict definitin f what can be cnsidered a sedentary lifestyle, researchers have a few different measures t assess what a sedentary lifestyle is. One measure is the time an individual spends seated during waking hurs. ___17___. Sme ther researchers label peple inactive r sedentary if they take fewer than 5, 000 steps per day.
Is physical inactivity dangerus?
___18___ It can als affect the way the bdy prcesses fats and sugars in the diet and lead t sme weight gain if yu aren’t burning enugh calries. Over the lng term, sedentary lifestyles increase the risk f death frm heart discase and cancer.
Hw can yu prevent being inactive?
Health authrities recmmend exercise at a medium level fr either 30 minutes a day fr five days a week r a ttal f 2 hurs and 30 minutes per week. ___19___. It can wrk t break up sitting time and add steps hurly thrughut the day. A pedmeter r fitness band can shw yu whether yu are getting enugh steps. Many peple aim t take 10. 000 steps per day, which indicates that yu have met yur daily physical activity gal. ___20___, but the value f being mre physically active is wrth it fr its many benefits.
A. Walking is an easy activity t add t yur day
B. There are many ptins fr exercise
C. Being physically inactive r sedentary can increase health risks
D. In the shrt term, being inactive can increase depressin r anxiety
E. Fixing a sedentary lifestyle takes sme cnscius effrt at first
F. Spending fur t six waking hurs sitting r lying dwn is cnsidered sedentary
G. Simply walking mre r ding husehld chres psitively impacts health
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了现代生活中缺乏体育活动的问题，探讨了不运动或久坐的定义及危害，包括对健康的不良影响。建议每周进行适度运动，并提供了预防久坐的方法，如分散坐姿、每小时增加步数。
【16题详解】
上文“Yu may nt get enugh physical activity thrughut the day, especially since sitting still is required r encuraged in many jbs, at schl, and in scial situatins. But there’s smething yu shuld knw.(你可能一整天都没有得到足够的体育锻炼，特别是因为在许多工作、学校和社交场合都要求或鼓励你坐着不动。但有些事你应该知道)”提出我们应该知道一些关于锻炼和久坐的相关事情，C项“Being physically inactive r sedentary can increase health risks (不运动或久坐会增加健康风险)”承接上文，说明我们应该知道的事情到底是什么，句中“inactive r sedentary”照应上文中“sitting still”。故选C项。
【17题详解】
上文“One measure is the time an individual spends seated during waking hurs.(一个衡量标准是一个人醒着的时候坐着的时间)”提出“坐的时间”是衡量久坐不动的标准之一，F项“Spending fur t six waking hurs sitting r lying dwn is cnsidered sedentary (醒着的四到六个小时坐着或躺着被认为是久坐不动)”承接上文，给出具体标准：醒着坐四到六个小时被视为是久坐不动。句中“fur t six waking hurs”照应上文“the time an individual spends seated during waking hurs”。故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“It can als affect the way the bdy prcesses fats and sugars in the diet and lead t sme weight gain if yu aren’t burning enugh calries.(它还会影响身体处理饮食中脂肪和糖的方式，如果你没有燃烧足够的卡路里，就会导致体重增加)”中副词“als”可知，上下文是并列关系，说明上文也是讲不运动带来的危害，D项“In the shrt term, being inactive can increase depressin r anxiety (在短期内，不运动会增加抑郁或焦虑)”讲不运动对情绪的影响，符合语境。故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“It can wrk t break up sitting time and add steps hurly thrughut the day. A pedmeter r fitness band can shw yu whether yu are getting enugh steps.(它可以打破坐着的时间，每天增加每小时的步数。计步器或健身手环可以显示你是否走了足够的步数)”中“steps”一词可推知，文中提到的运动方式是“步行或散步”。A项“Walking is an easy activity t add t yur day(散步是一项很容易增加的日常活动)”符合语境，是下文中指示代词“it”指代对象，与“steps”相照应。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据下文“but the value f being mre physically active is wrth it fr its many benefits(但是多运动的好处是值得的)”中“but”可知，上下文之间是转折关系，E项“Fixing a sedentary lifestyle takes sme cnscius effrt at first (改变久坐不动的生活方式一开始需要有意识的努力)”与下文构成转折关系：虽然改变习惯需要做出努力，但这是值得的，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Liam Garner was just 17 years ld when he started ut n his big adventure—a 20,000 mile bike trip frm Alaska t Argentina. In early January, he finally ____21____ his trip, 17 mnths after he started. He had a tent, a sleeping bag, a phne, a first-aid kit, and sme ____22____ parts fr his bike. Other than sme ____23____ and water, he didn’t have much else. Initially, his parents were ____24____, but they became his biggest supprters as he traveled suth alng the West Cast, ____25____ Mexic by December.
____26____ up with a friend, Lgan, they vercame ____27____ like a bike accident, extreme heat, and even rbbery in Clmbia. In Mexic, they cnsidered ____28____ because the incredible heat made biking extremely difficult. But things ____29____ nce they reached Central America, and they decided t keep ging.
Withut being disheartened, Liam pressed n thrugh rain, sun, heat, cld, deserts and muntains. Finally, n _____30_____ 6th, 2023, he reached Ushuaia, Argentina, cmpleting his _____31_____ jurney. Nw, accmpanied by his girlfriend, Liam is _____32_____ hme t Califrnia, fueled by ambitin t _____33_____ a bk detailing his incredible adventure. He dreams f _____34_____ thers t start their wn adventures, highlighting that everyne is capable f amazing achievements; the _____35_____ is building cnfidence t attempt the extrardinary.
21. A. cntinuedB. triedC. prceededD. finished
22. A. additinalB. prtectiveC. spareD. attractive
23. A. mapsB. bagsC. wineD. fd
24. A. uneasyB. unbelievableC. uncmfrtableD. unwilling
25. A. survivingB. reachingC. escapingD. turing
26. A. CatchingB. TeamingC. PuttingD. Cming
27. A. challengesB. disadvantagesC. injuriesD. differences
28. A. cmplainingB. pausingC. apprachingD. quitting
29. A. cunted dwnB. put dwnC. cled dwnD. brke dwn
30. A. FebruaryB. JanuaryC. MarchD. April
31. A. dangerusB. enjyableC. remarkableD. rdinary
32. A. backpackingB. leavingC. rushingD. tracking
33. A. readB. buyC. prmteD. pen
34. A. tellingB. pushingC. inspiringD. sharing
35. A. puzzleB. keyC. tlD. prduct
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公利亚姆·加纳(Liam Garner)开始他的大冒险时只有17岁——从阿拉斯加到阿根廷的2万英里自行车之旅。1月初，他终于完成了他的旅行，在他开始17个月之后。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：1月初，他终于完成了他的旅行，在他开始17个月之后。A. cntinued继续；B. tried尝试；C. prceeded进行；D. finished完成。根据上文“a 20,000 mile bike trip frm Alaska t Argentina.”提到2万英里自行车之旅，以及下文“17 mnths after he started.”在他开始17个月之后，由此可推知，此处应为表示他终于完成了他的旅行，在他开始17个月之后。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他有一个帐篷，一个睡袋，一个电话，一个急救箱，还有一些自行车的备件。A. additinal增加的；B. prtective保护的；C. spare备用的；D. attractive吸引人的。根据上文“a sleeping bag, a phne, a first-aid kit”提到的这些必需用品，以及下文“parts fr his bike”结合常识可知，此处应表示需带上一些自行车的备件。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了一些食物和水，他什么也没有了。A. maps地图；B. bags包；C. wine酒；D. fd食物。根据常识以及“and water”和下文“he didn’t have much else.”由此可知，此处应表示除了一些食物和水，他什么也没有了。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，他的父母很不安，但是当他沿着西海岸向南旅行，于12月到达墨西哥时，他们成了他最大的支持者。A. uneasy不安的；B. unbelievable难以置信的；C. uncmfrtable不舒服的；D. unwilling不情愿的。根据下文“but they became his biggest supprters”but引起的转折可知，此处应表示相反意思，即他的父母一开始很不安。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，他的父母很不安，但是当他沿着西海岸向南旅行，于12月到达墨西哥时，他们成了他最大的支持者。A. surviving幸存；B. reaching到达；C. escaping逃离；D. turing旅行。根据上文“they became his biggest supprters as he traveled suth alng the West Cast,”提到父母成了他最大的支持者，由此可推知，此处应表示当他沿着西海岸向南旅行，于12月到达墨西哥时，他们成了他最大的支持者。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在和朋友洛根的共同合作下，他们克服了各种挑战，比如自行车事故、极端高温，甚至在哥伦比亚遭遇了抢劫。A. Catching up with赶上；B. Teaming up with与……合作；C. Putting up with忍受；D. Cming up with提出。根据下文“a friend, Lgan, they vercame ____7____ like a bike accident”提到朋友洛根，由此可推知，此处应表示在和朋友洛根的共同合作下，他们克服了各种挑战。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在朋友洛根的帮助下，他们克服了各种挑战，比如自行车事故、极端高温，甚至在哥伦比亚遭遇了抢劫。A. challenges挑战；B. disadvantages不利因素；C. injuries受伤；D. differences区别。根据下文“like a bike accident, extreme heat, and even rbbery in Clmbia.”可知，此处应表示他们克服了各种挑战，比如自行车事故、极端高温，甚至在哥伦比亚遭遇了抢劫。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在墨西哥，他们考虑过放弃，因为那里酷热难耐，骑自行车非常困难。A. cmplaining抱怨；B. pausing追求；C. appraching接近；D. quitting放弃。根据下文“because the incredible heat made biking extremely difficult.”那里酷热难耐，骑自行车非常困难，由此可知，他们考虑过放弃，和下文形成因果关系。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但当他们到达中美洲时，情况变得平静下来，他们决定继续前进。A. cunted dwn倒计时；B. put dwn放下；C. cled dwn冷静下来；D. brke dwn坏掉，打破。根据上文提到的他们考虑过放弃，以及该句中的but转折，和下文“and they decided t keep ging.”他们决定继续前进，由此可知，此处为但当他们到达中美洲时，情况变得平静下来，他们决定继续前进。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，在2023年1月6日，他到达了阿根廷的乌斯怀亚，完成了他非凡的旅程。A. February二月；B. January一月；C. March三月；D. April四月。根据上文“In early January, he finally finished his trip”提到1月初，他终于完成了他的旅行，由此可知，此处应表示在2023年1月6日，完成了他非凡的旅程。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，在2023年1月6日，他到达了阿根廷的乌斯怀亚，完成了他非凡的旅程。A. dangerus危险的；B. enjyable享受的；C. remarkable非凡的；D. rdinary普通的。根据句意以及上文“he reached Ushuaia, Argentina”到达了阿根廷的乌斯怀亚，由此可知，此处应表示他完成了他非凡的旅程。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，在女友的陪同下，利亚姆背着背包回到了加州的家，他雄心勃勃地想要写一本书，详细描述他这段不可思议的冒险经历。A. backpacking背包旅行；B. leaving离开；C. rushing冲；D. tracking跟踪。根据语境以及下文“hme t Califrnia”结合各个选项意思，可推知，此处应表示利亚姆背着背包回到了加州的家。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，在女友的陪同下，利亚姆背着背包回到了加州的家，他雄心勃勃地想要写一本书，详细描述他这段不可思议的冒险经历。A. read读；B. buy买；C. prmte促进；D. pen写，撰写。根据下文“detailing his incredible adventure.”详细描述他这段不可思议的冒险经历，由此可推知，此处应表示他雄心勃勃地想要写一本书。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他梦想激励别人开始自己的冒险，强调每个人都有能力取得惊人的成就。A. telling告诉；B. pushing推；C. inspiring激发；D. sharing分享。根据下文“highlighting that everyne is capable f amazing achievements”每个人都有能力取得惊人的成就，由此可知，此处应表示他梦想激励别人开始自己的冒险。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：关键是建立信心，去尝试不平凡。A. puzzle困惑；B. key关键；C. tl工具；D. prduct产品。根据句意以及下文“building cnfidence t attempt the extrardinary.”由此可知，此处应表示关键是建立信心，去尝试不平凡。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When it cmes t addictive fds and fds which are mre than wrthy f being spread all ver scial media, Chinese sugar painting deserves sme time in the sptlight. Sugar painting is ___36___ cnventinal Chinese frm f flk art. Ht liquid sugar is used ___37___ (create) tw dimensinal figures like small animals. Sugar art is pretty ppular ___38___ children, but it’s beautiful enugh t attract just abut anyne.
Ht sugar is pured slwly in a thin line frm a small spn nt a flat surface(usually made f metal) and the utline f the figure ___39___ (draw) with a relatively thick stream f sugar. After the main utline is dne, thinner ___40___ (supprt) strings f sugar are placed t supprt the utline and fill in the figure f the bdy in a ___41___ (cmbine) f swirls, zig-zags r ther patterns. The whle design is held by a wden stick.
Custmers ___42___ (traditinal) spin(旋转) an arrw n a wheel, which lands n a certain figure ___43___ (inspire) by nature r wildlife in frms like a dragn, fish, mnkey, dg, bird r flwer basket. This ancient Sichuan art frm might nt be as cmmn as it nce was, ___44___ it still has the pwer t interest turists ___45___ cme acrss talented street artists making these amazing creatins.
【答案】36. a 37. t create
38. with 39. is drawn
40. supprting
41. cmbinatin
42. traditinally
43. inspired
44. but 45. wh##that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍传统艺术——糖画。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：糖画是中国传统的民间艺术形式。分析句子可知，这里表示“一个中国传统的民间艺术形式”，为泛指概念，应用不定冠词，且cnventinal为辅音音素开始的单词。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：热的液态糖被用来创造像小动物一样的二维图形。分析句子可知，这里考查be used t d sth表“被用来做某事”，为固定搭配。故填t create。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：糖艺术很受孩子们的欢迎，但它足够美丽，几乎可以吸引任何人。分析句子可知，这里表示be ppular with sb表“受某人欢迎”，为固定搭配。故填with。
【39题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：热糖从一个小勺子里以细线慢慢倒在一个平坦的表面上（通常由金属制成），用相对较浓的糖流画出图形的轮廓。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，the utline f the figure与draw为被动关系，且由and前is pured可知，这里也应用一般现在时。故填is drawn。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：主轮廓完成后，放置更薄的糖支撑线来支撑轮廓，并以漩涡、Z字形或其他图案的组合填充身体的形状。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语，修饰后面名词，supprting表“支撑的”，为形容词，符合句意。故填supprting。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：主轮廓完成后，放置更薄的糖支撑线来支撑轮廓，并以漩涡、Z字形或其他图案的组合填充身体的形状。分析句子可知，冠词a后面应填可数名词单数形式。故填cmbinatin。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：传统上，顾客在轮子上旋转箭头，箭头落在某个受自然或野生动物启发的物体上，形状如龙、鱼、猴子、狗、鸟或花篮。分析句子可知，此空应填副词作状语，修饰后面动词。故填traditinally。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：传统上，顾客在轮子上旋转箭头，箭头落在某个受自然或野生动物启发的物体上，形状如龙、鱼、猴子、狗、鸟或花篮。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语，a certain figure和inspire为被动关系，再由句意可知，此空应填过去分词作定语。故填inspired。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：这种古老的四川艺术形式可能不像以前那么常见了，但它仍然有力量吸引游客，因为他们遇到了才华横溢的街头艺术家，正在创作这些令人惊叹的作品。分析句子可知，此空前后两句为转折关系，所以这里应用并列连词but。故填but。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这种古老的四川艺术形式可能不像以前那么常见了，但它仍然有力量吸引游客，因为他们遇到了才华横溢的街头艺术家，正在创作这些令人惊叹的作品。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词为 turists，为人，在从句中作主语，所以这里应用关系代词wh或者that。故填wh或者that。
第三部分 课本单词填空(满分30分)
根据首字母，应用选必修一(Unit 3-5)和选必修二的单词填空，每空填一词，填入后确保句子语义通顺，形式正确。(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)
46. The rf c______ (倒塌) under the weight f snw. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】cllapsed##llapsed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：屋顶在雪的重压下坍塌了。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要动词cllapse“倒塌”，在句中作谓语动词。句子陈述过去的事实，所以用一般过去时态。故填cllapsed。
47. At the age f five he shwed e______ (杰出的) talent as a musician. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】excellent##xcellent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：五岁时，他就表现出了杰出的音乐家天赋。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要形容词excellent“杰出的”，在句中作定语修饰后面的名词talent。故填excellent。
48. It was hard t d______ (辨别) ne twin frm the ther. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】distinguish##istinguish
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：很难区分双胞胎中的一个。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要动词distinguish“辨别”。空前为动词不定式符号t，所以空处动词用原形。故填distinguish。
49. Nw that the prblem has been identified, a______ (合适的) actin can be taken. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】apprpriate##pprpriate
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：既然问题已经确定，就可以采取合适的行动了。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要形容词apprpriate“合适的”，在句中作定语修饰后面的名词actin。故填apprpriate。
50. We are wrking n the a______ (假设) that everyne invited will turn up. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】assumptin##ssumptin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们正在假设每个被邀请的人都会出现。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要名词assumptin“假设”，在句中作介词n的宾语，为可数名词，此处特指后文提到的这种假设，应用单数形式，n the assumptin that为固定结构，意为“假设……，以……的设想为根据”。故填assumptin。
51. There was a general e______ (期望) that he wuld win. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】expectatin##xpectatin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：人们普遍期望他会赢。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要名词expectatin“期望”。本句话为There be句型，所以该名词在句中作主语。根据was以及a可知，该名词需要单数形式。故填expectatin。
52. It seemed i______ (不可思议的)) that she had been there a week already. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】incredible##ncredible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她到那儿已经一个星期了，这似乎令人难以置信。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要形容词incredible“不可思议的”，在句中作表语。故填incredible
53. Even in small cmpanies, cmputers are an e______ (必不可少的) tl. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】essential##ssential
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：即使在小公司，计算机也是必不可少的工具。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要形容词essential“必不可少的”，在句中作定语修饰后面的名词tl。故填essential。
54. His wife a______ (陪伴) him n the trip last year. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】accmpanied##ccmpanied
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：去年旅行时，他的妻子陪着他。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要动词accmpany“陪伴”，在句中作谓语。根据last year可知，句子为一般过去时态。故填accmpanied。
55. I ________ (真诚地) believe that this is the right decisin. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】sincerely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：我真诚地相信这是一个正确的决定。表示“真诚地”译为sincerely，为副词作状语。故填sincerely。
56. The h______ (最重要的部分) f my day used t be cking Meg a meal when she came. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】highlight##ighlight
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：当梅格来的时候，我一天中最重要的部分就是给她做饭。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要名词highlight“最重要的部分”，在句中作主语。故填highlight。
57. The weather was damp and f______ (有雾的) after the snw. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】fggy##ggy
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：雪后天气潮湿，有雾。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要形容词fggy“有雾的”，在句中和damp作并列表语。故填fggy。
58. We s______ (订阅) t several sprts channels every year. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】subscribe##ubscribe
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我们每年都会订阅几个体育频道。空处应为动词“订阅”subscribe，作谓语，结合时间状语every year，句子应为一般现在时。故填subscribe。
59. My a______ (助手) will nw demnstrate the machine in actin. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】assistant##ssistant
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我的助手现在将演示机器的运行情况。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要名词assistant“助手”，在句中作主语，该名词需要单数形式。故填assistant。
60. My i_______(最初的) reactin was t decline the ffer. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】initial##nitial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我最初的反应是拒绝这份工作。名词reactin前用形容词修饰。形容词“最初的”英文为initial。根据中英文提示及句意，故填initial。
第四部分(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
61. 学校是教育学生节约粮食的主阵地，你校为了提高学生珍惜粮食的意识举办了一系列的活动。假定你是校英语报的记者，请你为校英语报写一篇活动报道，内容包括：1. 活动过程；2. 活动反响。
注意：1.词数80词左右：2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
T raise awareness abut fd cnservatin, ur schl launched a series f activities.
We began with an infrmative assembly, fllwed by interactive wrkshps n reducing waste. Students participated in a “Zer Waste Lunch” challenge and created psters t prmte the cause. The respnse was enthusiastic with many students wh nw actively reduce leftvers and share their experiences.
This initiative, which has fstered a greater appreciatin fr the value f fd amng students, has encuraged mre mindful eating habits.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校为了提高学生珍惜粮食的意识举办了一系列的活动，要求考生为英语报写一篇活动报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
活动：activity→event
参加：participate in→take part in
积极地：actively→psitively
鼓励：encurage→inspire
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We began with an infrmative assembly, fllwed by interactive wrkshps n reducing waste.
拓展句：We began with an infrmative assembly, which was fllwed by interactive wrkshps n reducing waste.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The respnse was enthusiastic, with many students wh nw actively reduce leftvers and share their experiences.（运用了wh引导的限定性定语从句）
【高分句型2】This initiative, which has fstered a greater appreciatin fr the value f fd amng students, has encuraged mre mindful eating habits.（运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
62. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jeff and I had many cnversatins during the year, but I will always remember the time he tld me abut his family. His father, a successful physician, was cld and strict in Jeffs wrds. His father had even paved the way fr Jeff t attend the same cllege frm which he had graduated.
Jeff was twenty-seven and a successful business planner at a cmpany — withut a degree. His passin was skiing. When he graduated frm high schl, he decided t decline his father’s ffer and, instead, t wrk with a ski patrl (滑雪巡逻队). With pain in his eyes, Jeff tld me he still remembered the day when he tld his father he was ging t give up cllege and take a jb at a ski resrt.
Hearing Jeffs decisin, his father lked ff int the distance. Then came the wrds that still eched in Jeff’s mind: “Yu lazy kid. N sn f mine is ging t wrk with a ski patrl and des nt attend cllege. I shuld have knwn yu’d never amunt t anything!” The tw had nt spken since that cnversatin.
Later, he was back in the area near where he grew up and he certainly did nt want his father t knw he was attending cllege. He was ding this fr himself, nt fr his father. He said it ver and ver again. Jeff’s sister had always remained supprtive f Jeffs decisins. She stayed in cntact with their father, but Jeff had made her prmise that she wuld nt share any infrmatin abut his life with him.
The day when the graduatin ceremny came, I walked arund talking t peple befre it started. I nticed a man with a cnfused expressin.
“Excuse me,” he said as he plitely apprached me. “What is happening here tday?”
“It’s graduatin day,” I replied, smiling. “Well, that’s dd,” he said, “my daughter asked me t meet her at this address.” His eyes sparkled and he smiled. “Maybe she cmpleted her assciate’s degree and wanted t surprise me!”
I helped him find a seat.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: As I left him, he said, “Thank yu. By the way, my name’s Dr. Hlstrm.”
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: Jeff was the last persn t crss the stage.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
As I left him, he said, “Thank yu. By the way, my name’s Dr. Hlstrm.” The name ringing in my mind, I frze n the spt. Jeff Hlstrm! Culd this be the cld, stern father wh demanded his sn attend cllege r never enter his hme again? Curisity and dubt bubbling up, I turned arund t get a glimpse f Dr. Hlstrm, attempting t find sme facial resemblances. Beaming and scanning, Dr. Hlstrm seemed t be lking fr his daughter. Speeches given, the dean began t read the names f the graduates, inviting them nt the stage ne by ne t receive their diplmas.
Jeff was the last persn t crss the stage. Having received his diplma, he turned tward the audience, radiant with jy. Suddenly, a lne figure ppped int his eyes — Dr. Hlstrm. I was nt sure hw Jeff sptted him in the crwd, but I culd tell their eyes met. Dr. Hlstrm, gazing at Jeff thughtfully fr a few secnds, pened his arms as if t embrace the air arund him. Fr a mment time seemed t stand still. Jeff came dwn, smiling with tears in eyes. “My father is here,” he whispered t me, “I think I’m ging hme.”
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Jeff告诉作者很多关于他的家庭的事情，Jeff爱好滑雪，高中毕业时没有按照父亲的意愿上大学，而是去了滑雪巡逻队工作，此后两人不再联系，后来Jeff回到家乡上大学，他依然请求家人瞒着父亲，毕业典礼那天作者遇到一个满脸困惑的男人，作者帮他找了一个座位。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我离开他时，他说：‘谢谢你。顺便说一下，我是Hlstrm医生。’”可知，第一段可描写作者意识到他就是Jeff父亲以及毕业生上台接受毕业证书。
②由第二段首句内容“Jeff是最后一个穿过舞台的人。”可知，第二段可描写Jeff拿到毕业证书后看到了父亲，父亲做出拥抱的动作，Jeff告诉作者自己想回家了。
2.续写线索：僵住——意识到他的身份——毕业生上台接受毕业证书——Jeff看到父亲——父亲做出拥抱的动作——Jeff流泪说要回家
3.词汇激活
行为类
①回响：ring/ech
②试图做：attempt t d/make an attempt t d
③映入眼帘：pp int his eyes/cme int view
情绪类
①怀疑：dubt/suspicin
②喜悦：jy/enjyment/pleasure
【点睛】[高分句型1] Culd this be the cld, stern father wh demanded his sn attend cllege r never enter his hme again? (由关系代词wh引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I was nt sure hw Jeff sptted him in the crwd, but I culd tell their eyes met. (由连接词hw引导的宾语从句)