重庆市2023_2024学年高三英语上学期开学试题含解析

这是一份重庆市2023_2024学年高三英语上学期开学试题含解析，共23页。试卷主要包含了本试卷由四个部分组成等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1.本试卷由四个部分组成。其中第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。共150分，共12页。
2.全部答案在答题卡上相应区域内完成，在本试卷上作答无效。选择题请使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题请使用0.5 毫米黑色签字笔作答。要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。
3.请在答题卡规定的地方填写好个人信息，并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码是否与本人的信息一致。
4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节;满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Which animal des the man think is the mst special?
A. Birds. B. Ducks. C. Hrses.
2. Where is the wman ging tnight?
A. The stadium. B. The library. C. The cafe.
3. What will the man have fr tmrrw’s breakfast?
A. Egg rlls. B. Fried eggs. C. Biled eggs.
4. What des the man think f the new twels?
A. They’re quite useful.
B. They’re a bit expensive.
C. They’re very cmfrtable.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A science fictin mvie. B. A new GPS device. C. A chat rbt.
第二节(共15 小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did Max d this mrning?
A. He had a walk.
B. He ate sme beef.
C. He cleaned the flr.
7. Hw des the wman sund?
A. Srry. B. Happy. C. Angry.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What is the man’s majr cncern abut using gas?
A. It csts t much in winter.
B. It will cause envirnmental pllutin.
C. It invlves a risk f blwing up the huse.
9. What surce f energy will the speakers use t heat the huse?
A. Cal. B. Slar pwer. C. Wind energy.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.Why des the wman find the pems hard?
A. They fcus n sme difficult tpics.
B. They are written in different languages.
C. They have existed fr quite a lng time.
11 What day is it tday?
A. Saturday. B. Sunday. C. Mnday.
12. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Husband and wife.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where are the speakers?
A. On a beach. B. In the wds. C. At their hme.
14. What did the wman d in the mrning?
A. She stred water in the vehicle.
B. She tk a picture f the vehicle.
C. She filled the vehicle up with gas.
15. What seasn is it nw in Sctland?
A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Winter.
16. What will the man d next?
A. Take a shwer.
B. Turn the heat n.
C. Check the amunt f gas.
听第10段材料，回答第 17 至20题。
17. What is the speaker ding?
A. Reprting a study n nvels.
B. Intrducing sme bks.
C. Teaching a writing class.
18. When will The Dark be published?
A. In 7 days. B. In 10 days. C. In 13 days.
19. Which cuntry des Jhn Clarke cme frm?
A. Japan. B. Australia. C. The US.
20. Where can the listeners get mre infrmatin?
A. Frm a library. B. Frm the Internet. C. Frm a bkstre.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节;满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Unique Birthday Traditins
The editrs f ur internatinal editins share traditins reserved fr cunting yurself ne year lder.
Lithuania
“In my native cuntry, it is custmary fr the birthday persn t sit in a decrated chair and t be lifted up by the party guests,” says editr Eva Mackevic. “Hw many times the chair is raised will crrespnd with his r her age.”
Japan
In Japan, when a child turns ne, a ceremny called erabitri is held, where the birthday child chses frm a selectin f items spread ut arund that represent the ptential future. When a persn turns 20, a cming-f-age celebratin will be held n the secnd Mnday anuary.
The Netherlands
When smene turns 50, a large dll will be placed in the birthday persn’s garden r by heir frnt dr; men have an “Abraham” dll, wmen a “Sarah”, based n a Bible passage.
Australia
A child’s first birthday is ften celebrated with ballns and specially made “fairy bread”. Sme families in Australia als mark the age f 21 with a suvenir “key t the dr”, representing the yung adult’s privilege t cme and g frm the family hme as they please.
Germany
“In Germany, when unmarried men turn thirty, they are suppsed t sweep the stairs f the lcal church r twn hall,” editr Michael Kallinger says, “while wmen have t deal with the dr handle.” This public act is meant t embarrass the persn and mtivate them t marry.
1. Which is part f a ne-year-ld by’s birthday celebratin in Japan?
A. Predicting the by’s future.B. Deciding the by’s career.
C. Seeking items at the birthday party.D. Hlding a cming-f-age ceremny.
2. What des the “key t the dr” symblize-in Australia?
A. Lve frm parents.B. Time t mve ut.
C. End f the 21st birthday.D. Recgnitin f independence.
3. In which cuntry culd a birthday traditin invlve cleaning in public places?
A. Germany.B. Australia.
C. Lithuania.D. The Netherlands.
【答案】1. A2. D3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界一些国家独特的生日传统。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In Japan, when a child turns ne, a ceremny called erabitri is held, where the birthday child chses frm a selectin f items spread ut arund that represent the ptential future.(在日本，当一个孩子满一岁时，会举行一个叫做“erabitri”的仪式，在这个仪式上，过生日的孩子会从一系列的物品中选择，这些物品分布在周围，代表着潜在的未来)”可知，在日本，一岁的孩子在生日派对上在代表着未来的物品中进行选择，即预测男孩的未来，故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Sme families in Australia als mark the age f 21 with a suvenir “key t the dr”, representing the yung adult’s privilege t cme and g frm the family hme as they please.(澳大利亚的一些家庭还会用一把纪念品“门钥匙”来纪念21岁，这代表着年轻人可以随心所欲地进出家里)”可知，在澳大利亚家庭中，房门钥匙象征着孩子来去自由的权利，即对独立的承认，故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段““In Germany, when unmarried men turn thirty, they are suppsed t sweep the stairs f the lcal church r twn hall,” editr Michael Kallinger says, “while wmen have t deal with the dr handle.”(编辑Michael Kallinger说：“在德国，当未婚男性30岁时，他们应该打扫当地教堂或市政厅的楼梯，而女性则必须处理门把手。”)”可知，在德国，未婚男性满30岁时，他们需要打扫当地教堂或者政府的楼梯，女性则处理门把手，即在德国，过生日的传统包含了打扫公共场所，故选A。
B
Fr mst f the year, Embletn Bay is almst deserted, a magical curve f sand n edge f the wrld. This is where the pupils f Embletn Primary Schl, a beach schl, a very Friday——t learn.
Nicla Threlfall, head teacher f the schl, says that teachers emply a range teaching methds t realize teaching bjectives, frm mre traditinal written wrk t teach paths in the sand with sticks, cvering diverse tpics.
Smetimes the envirnment itself wrks wnder. Nicla explains there are huge benefits t giving children the pprtunity t just “be”. Watching the waves, lying n the sand feeling the wind and sun n their faces, r rlling dwn sand dunes are all an essential part f the beach- schl experience, enabling children, t explre, test their wn limits and understand their place in their envirnment.
Online resurces are prvided, t, in terms f engaging children and fstering an interest in beaches. During lckdwn, the students enjyed a virtual nline lecture with the Rck Pl Prject, a scial grup that encurages peple f all ages t discver marine life.
During the winter mnths, sand blws in ripples acrss the beach under the biting nrth winds. Hw d the children cpe with the difficult weather? Nicla says they like t get the kids ut n the beach in all weather. If it’s raining, they head t the bird hide; when it’s cld, the kids warm up by ding mre physical activities. On warmer days, they sit n picnic tables utside t enjy their lunch.
The beach is within walking distance f the schl gates but the ne kilmetre dwn the hill-and anther ne back up still prves challenging fr little legs. Nicla cnfirms that nticeable imprvement in the children’s endurance and fitness level is ne f the main advantages.
Embletn Primary Schl is demnstrating hw successful utdr learning can be. Can mre schl mdify The curriculum t include regular time utside fr their students ?
4. Hw des the schl carry ut utdr learning?
A. By giving lectures regularly.
B. By integrating diverse appraches.
C. By inspiring students t write mre.
DBy centering n envirnmental issues.
5. What d teachers d in tugh winter days?
A. Shrten beach hurs.B. Adjust student activities.
C. Pstpne utdr events.D. Change teaching bjectives.
6. Hw des the authr find the beach lessns?
A. Fully-researched.B. Widely-prvided.
C. Cnfidence-bsting.D. Character-building.
7. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Start frm BeachB. Live with Sea life
C. Enjy Beach ActivitiesD. Refrm Future Educatin
【答案】4. B5. B6. D7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍Embletn小学的户外学习，海滩教育。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Nicla Threlfall, head teacher f the schl, says that teachers emply a range teaching methds t realize teaching bjectives, frm mre traditinal written wrk t teach paths in the sand with sticks, cvering diverse tpics. (该校校长尼古拉·特雷福(Nicla Threlfall)表示，为了实现教学目标，教师们采用了多种教学方法，从更传统的书面作业到用棍子在沙地上走小路，涵盖了多种主题。)”第三段第一句“Smetimes the envirnment itself wrks wnder. (有时环境本身也能创造奇迹)”以及第四段第一句“Online resurces are prvided, t, in terms f engaging children and fstering an interest in beaches. (在吸引儿童和培养对海滩的兴趣方面，也提供了在线资源)”可知，开展户外学习时，学校老师采用了不同教学方法实现教学目标，利用环境自身及网上资源，也就是整合了不同的方法。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“If it’s raining, they head t the bird hide; when it’s cld, the kids warm up by ding mre physical activities. On warmer days, they sit n picnic tables utside t enjy their lunch. (如果下雨，它们会去鸟窝；天冷的时候，孩子们通过做更多的体育活动来暖身。天气暖和的时候，他们会坐在外面的野餐桌上享用午餐)”由此可推，根据天气状况，调整学生活动，故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段第二句“Nicla cnfirms that nticeable imprvement in the children’s endurance and fitness level is ne f the main advantages. (尼古拉证实，孩子们的耐力和体能水平的显著提高是主要优势之一)”可知作者觉得海滩课程是品格塑造的体现。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通览全文内容，多次出现beach，可知本文紧紧围绕“beach learning”展开，以及文章最后一段提出的呼吁，由此可以推出A为正确答案，能够概括本文的大意，适合作为文章标题，即从海滩出发，进行教育，故选A。
C
A recent New Yrk Times pinin piece by Daniel Willingham addressed the questin f whether listening t a bk is the same as reading it. Willingham begins the piece with a frequently asked questin—Is it cheating if I listen t an audibk fr my bk club?
Willingham argues that they’re bth wrthwhile but is careful t nte that desn’t mean they have the same value. In line with his pints in the article, I listen t audibks when I wuldn’t therwise be engaged in a bk—say, at the gym r while walking. That’s certainly an advantage f listening ver reading. But I was surprised t find that Willingham didn’t mentin what I cnsider t be the biggest difference between the tw: Engagement.
The critical difference, fr me, between reading and listening is that reading is smething yu d, while listening is smething that happens t yu. Reading is an act f engagement. The wrds n the page aren’t ging t read themselves, which is smething they literally d in an audibk. If yu’re nt actively taking in written infrmatin, then yu’re nt ging t make prgress n the bk. Audibks, n the ther hand, make prgress with r withut yur participatin.
Willingham refers t this pint by saying that harder bks—“difficult texts” as he calls them—require mre engagement, which is thus better suited t reading. Yet it’s nt necessarily true. Fr example, I’ve recently been listening t David Graeber’s excellent Debt: The First5000 Years, a tugh read with lts f infrmatin and arguments. While I haven’t grasped every piece f infrmatin that he’s presented, I have spent a lt mre time thinking abut an imprtant tpic than I therwise wuld. This fill-in-the-cracks nature f audibks is a critical advantage.
Ultimately, it’s fair t cnsider audibks and written texts as fundamentally different media. They are different frms based n the same wrk. Yur ptin depends n what yu are willing t give t it(time, abve all) and what yu hpe t get ut f it.
8. What is an advantage f audibks accrding t Willingham?
A. Cutting dwn ne’s reading time.B. Increasing absrptin f knwledge.
C. Prviding mre flexible access t infrmatin.D. Encuraging further thinking n serius tpics.
9. What des the writer think f reading?
A. It helps the general idea t stand ut.B. It suits peple wrking n difficult texts.
C. It speeds up readers’ prgress n the bk.D. It requires mre participatin frm readers.
10. Why des the writer mentin Debt: The First 5000 Years?
A. T demnstrate what makes a tugh read.B. T shw why audibks attract listeners.
C. T prve audibks als suit hard texts.D. T stress reading can als take huge effrt.
11. What can we learn abut texts and audibks frm the last paragraph?
A. They invlve similar effrts.B. They prve equally demanding.
C. They have distinct user grups.D. They serve different purpses.
【答案】8. C9. D10. C11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了有声读物和纸质书的阅读区别以及作者对这两种阅读方式的看法。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“In line with his pints in the article, I listen t audibks when I wuldn’t therwise be engaged in a bk—say, at the gym r while walking.(与他在文章中的观点一致，我在不看书的时候听有声读物，比如在健身房或散步的时候)”可知，本文作者在自己没办法看纸质书的时候（健身或走路时）会选择听书，这和Daniel Willingham的观点一致，即有声书可以提供更灵活的获取信息的渠道。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Reading is an act f engagement.(阅读是一种参与的行为)”可知，作者认为需要读者更多的参与，故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Willingham refers t this pint by saying that harder bks—“difficult texts” as he calls them—require mre engagement, which is thus better suited t reading. Yet it’s nt necessarily true. Fr example, I’ve recently been listening t David Graeber’s excellent Debt: The First5000 Years, a tugh read with lts f infrmatin and arguments.(Willingham提到了这一点，他说更难的书——他称之为“难读的文本”——需要更多的投入，因此更适合阅读。但这并不一定正确。例如，我最近一直在听大卫·格雷伯的优秀著作《债务：最初的5000年》，这是一本包含大量信息和论点的好书)”可知，第一句先概括了Willingham的观点，即“文本难度大的书更适合阅读而不是听”，作者对此表示反对，并用自己听Debt: The First 5000 Years的经历进行论证，可知提到Debt: The First 5000 Years是为了证明有声书也适用于难的文本。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Yur ptin depends n what yu are willing t give t it(time, abve all) and what yu hpe t get ut f it.(你的选择取决于你愿意付出什么（时间，最重要的是），以及你希望从中得到什么)”可知，选择纸质书还是有声书取决于读者希望从中获取什么，由此可推出纸质书和有声书契合不同的目的，故选择D。
D
In sme species, when the cnditins get tugh, the bdy hits the brakes, lwering bdy temperature, slwing the speed f cnsuming energy t a snail’s pace and entering a state knwn as trpr. Humans d nt enter trpr, but the cnditin might ffer benefits acrss situatins as seemingly unrelated as intensive care unit (ICU) stays and lng-distance space travel.
Using ultrasund (超声) waves targeted at a deep regin f the brain, researchers at Washingtn University created a trpr-like state in mice. Mice can naturally enter this state, s the scientists als tested the technique in rats, animals which dn’t enter trpr by nature. The findings, published n May 25th in Nature Metablism, culd ptentially infrm research n targeting different brain areas with ultrasund t regulate ther bdily activities.
Withut having t physically invade the targets’ heads, the apprach is an imprtant step in advancing trpr tward human use, says Michael Ambler, a researcher and, lecturer studying trpr at the University f Bristl in England. Sme earlier effrts relied n injecting a gene int the targeted-brain-regin-t-assist-in-prducing a trpr-like state with light r drugs. Such invasive appraches are unlikely t gain apprval fr human use, Ambler says, making the new study “an extremely interesting piece f wrk.”
If this nninvasive apprach were t becme pssible in humans, ne ptential use wuld be t buy heart attack patients time in transprt t the hspital. In the ICU, trpr culd als be applied befre drugs and mnitring are invlved in patient care. This study even presents a very first step tward the ptential t supprt human’s lng lnely jurneys in space.
Yet befre that pssibility takes flight in the future, research n a familiar species must cme first. Ambler says the next step shuld be testing in larger, nnhuman animals, prbably pigs. “They are mst like humans—hairless and similar t humans in terms f bdy temperature,” he says. “It’s a step-by-step prcess, frm mice t rats t pigs t mnkeys and then, hpefully, eventually t humans”—and then, perhaps, beynd the bunds f planet Earth.
12. What des the underlined wrd “trpr” in paragraph 1 mean?
AHaving much energy.B. Being nt active.
C. Requiring little sleep.D. Decreasing in size.
13. Hw is the ultrasund apprach different frm earlier nes?
A. It avids cutting int the bdy.
B. It targets directly at the brain.
C. It prves effective fr human use.
D. It ges tgether with light r drugs.
14. What is a pssible applicatin f the research?
A. Mnitring ICU patients.
B. Curing heart attack victims.
C. Stabilizing bdy temperature.
D. Supprting lng space travels.
15What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A. Prmtin f the technique.
B. Significance f the findings.
C. Fcus f the fllw-up research.
D. Review f the experiment prcess.
【答案】12. B13. A14. D15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是在某些物种中，当环境变得艰难时，身体会踩刹车，降低体温，将消耗能量的速度降至蜗牛的速度，进入一种被称为迟缓的状态，这种迟缓状态有一定的好处。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段的“when the cnditins get tugh, the bdy hits the brakes, lwering bdy temperature, slwing the speed f cnsuming energy t a snail’s pace(当环境变得艰难时，身体会踩刹车，降低体温，将消耗能量的速度降至蜗牛的速度)”可知，当环境变得艰难时，身体会踩刹车，也就是变得不那么活跃，也就是进入不活跃的状态，划线词trpr的意思是“迟缓”，和Being nt active意思相近，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Withut having t physically invade the targets’ heads, the apprach is an imprtant step in advancing trpr tward human use, says Michael Ambler, a researcher and, lecturer studying trpr at the University f Bristl in England.(研究人员Michael Ambler说，这种方法是将“迟缓”推向人类使用的重要一步，而无需对目标的头部进行物理侵入。)”和“Sme earlier effrts relied n injecting a gene int the targeted-brain-regin-t-assist-in-prducing a trpr-like state with light r drugs. Such invasive appraches are unlikely t gain apprval fr human use, Ambler says, making the new study “an extremely interesting piece f wrk.”(一些早期的努力依赖于将一种基因注射到目标大脑区域，以帮助用光或药物产生类似迟缓的状态。Ambler说，这种侵入性方法不太可能获得批准用于人类，这使得这项新研究成为“一项非常有趣的工作”。)”可知，超声波方法与以前的方法的不同之处在于这个方法避免切入身体。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“This study even presents a very first step tward the ptential t supprt human’s lng lnely jurneys in space.(这项研究甚至向支持人类在太空中漫长孤独旅行的潜力迈出了第一步。)”可知，这项研究的可能应用是支持长途太空旅行。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“Yet befre that pssibility takes flight in the future, research n a familiar species must cme first. Ambler says the next step shuld be testing in larger, nnhuman animals, prbably pigs.(然而，在这种可能性在未来实现之前，必须首先对一种熟悉的物种进行研究。Ambler说，下一步应该在更大的非人类动物身上进行测试，可能是猪。)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是后续研究的重点。故选C。
第二节(共5 小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Msquites are drawn t all peple, but sme peple seem t be the unlucky nes wh are mre tempting t msquites. Experts have identified tw main categries f factrs that make ne mre attractive t msquites: bilgical aspects and behavirs.
Chief amng the first grup f factrs is hw yu smell. Dzens f diverse mlecules (分子) thrughut ur bdy cme tgether t create ur unique smell. It’s a cmbinatin f a dzen smells. ____16____ It’s als pssible that sme peple prduce mre f the smell that msquites like.
Bld type may als matter. Msquites seem t be interested in peple with Type 0 bld, fr reasns researchers haven’t cnfirmed. ____17____ Msquites seek ut carbn dixide. The mre we breathe, the mre carbn dixide we send int the air, inviting bugs ur way.
Then there are the factrs that are mre dependent n hw yu act thrughut the day. I yu are t d a hard wrkut utside, yu might breathe mre heavily and prduce mre carbn dixide, which might attract msquites. ____18____ If it mixes with bacteria n yur skin r cntains alchl frm yur beach-side beers, yu have a much higher chance t be bitten.
____19____ There are a few evidence-based strategies t keep them at bay. Certain clthing clrs like black and dark blue can act like a msquit magnet. Msquites are als drawn t bright ranges and reds. Therefre, try t stick t lighter clrs and wear lng sleeves and pants. Or, yu can try a simple trick——grab a fan and pint it under a table, since msquites lve t stay near the grund and bite ur feet. ____20____
A. After all, they’re nt gd fliers.
B. Hw can we drive ff the msquites?
C. Therefre, try t reduce exercise n a ht day.
D. D clrs matter in this hide-and-seek game?
E. The pattern f hw yu breathe als plays a rle.
F. Sweat sends a pwerful signal t msquites t.
G. This mix f chemicals is likely t draw msquites.
【答案】16. G17. E18. F19. B20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍一个人对蚊子吸引力更大的两个主要因素和远离蚊子的策略。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Dzens f diverse mlecules (分子) thrughut ur bdy cme tgether t create ur unique smell. It’s a cmbinatin f a dzen smells. (我们全身数十种不同的分子聚集在一起，形成了我们独特的气味。这是十几种气味的混合。)”可推断下文会说明这种气味对蚊子有吸引力，G选项“这种化学物质的混合物可能会吸引蚊子。”并且G选项中的“this mix f chemicals”指代上文所说的“a cmbinatin”，上下文逻辑一致。同时，横线后句子“It is als pssible that.. ”和G选项中的“likely”相呼应，并构成递进关系，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Msquites seek ut carbn dixide. The mre we breathe, the mre carbn dixide we send int the air, inviting bugs ur way. (蚊子寻找二氧化碳。我们呼吸得越多，向空气中排放的二氧化碳就越多，引来了虫子。)”可知我们的呼吸方式也会吸引蚊子，E选项“你的呼吸方式也有影响。”符合题意，并且E选项中提到的“The pattern f hw yu breathe”和下文提到的“The mre yu breathe”相照应，同时，E选项中的als和上文所说内容构成递进关系。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据下文“If it mixes with bacteria n yur skin r cntains alchl frm yur beach-side beers, yu have a much higher chance t be bitten. (如果它与你皮肤上的细菌混合，或者含有你在海边喝的啤酒中的酒精，你被咬的几率就会高得多。)”可推知是汗液也会以吸引蚊子，F选项“汗液也会向蚊子发出强烈信号。”并且F横线后句子中的it指代的是F选项中的“sweat”，上下文逻辑一致，故选F。
【19题详解】
设空处为本段的主题句。根据B横线后句子提到了本段关键词“strategies”，之后具体介绍了两种让蚊子远离的方法，可知本段主要介绍让我们远离蚊子的方法，B选项“我们怎样才能赶走蚊子?”符合本段主旨，故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Or, yu can try a simple trick——grab a fan and pint it under a table, since msquites lve t stay near the grund and bite ur feet. (或者，你可以尝试一个简单的技巧——抓起一把扇子，把它放在桌子下面，因为蚊子喜欢呆在靠近地面的地方，咬我们的脚。)”可知下文解释为什么要这样做，A选项“毕竟，他们不擅长飞行。”紧密承接上文，A选项中的“they”指代的即上文中的msquites，逻辑一致，故选A。
第三部分语言运用(共两节;满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Our versized, male Glden Retriever (金毛寻回犬), Rusty weighed much mre than mst Gldens. Thugh big, he was ____21____. When Karen, my 18-mnth-ld daughter, held a ckie ut t him, he’d take it gently. Wherever she went, Rusty wuld ____22____ her. If we grwn-ups held ut fd fr him, ____23____ , he ate it like a hungry wlf.
One day, I was ccupied with chres all the mrning in the kitchen. When I lked ut the windw, my heart ____24____! Our back yard had tw levels, with stne steps leading frm the lwer level t the larger pen area abve. At the highest pint f the steps was a ____25____ f 1.5 meters t the lwer level. Then and there, I saw Karen n the upper level walking alng the edge!
Thugh ____26____, I didn’t shut fr fear f frightening her int lsing ____27____ and falling t the grund belw. Then I nticed Rusty beside her, mving t ____28____ the way. Nt t be stpped, Karen walked t an pen spt. Just as quickly, Rusty mved himself in frnt again, ____29____ her.
That repeated a cuple f times. Finally, she gt _____30_____ and mved back t the center. Sighing with _____31_____, I ran up immediately. “Cme n, Karen,” I said, “Let’s g inside and get a _____32_____.”
She clapped her hands and grabbed mine, making her way dwn slwly. Rusty stayed by her side, mving at her pace. When we gt t the dr, she _____33_____ my hand and crawled thrugh the dggy dr. Rusty fllwed. This was hw they gt utside with the dr _____34_____. By the time I gt t the kitchen, Karen and her fur-legged nanny were waiting fr the _____35_____ ckie.
I never wrried abut Karen playing utside after that.
21. A. weakB. lvingC. restlessD. tlerant
22. A. cunt nB. take afterC. watch verD. turn t
23. A. mreverB. indeedC. thusD. hwever
24. A. diedB. achedC. meltedD. sank
25. A. drpB. climbC. widthD. length
26. A. verjyedB. embarrassedC. ashamedD. panicked
27. A. temperB. balanceC. heartD. interest
28. A. blckB. guideC. findD. push
29. A. pleasingB. rescuingC. guardingD. encuraging
30. A. anxiusB. excitedC. frustratedD. cnfident
31. A. srrwB. reliefC. satisfactinD. desperatin
32A. restB. walkC. ckieD. prize
33. A. lsenedB. squeezedC. tkD. rubbed
34. A. unlckedB. brkenC. penD. shut
35. A. prmisedB. selectedC. hand-madeD. newly-bught
【答案】21. B22. C23. D24. D25. A26. D27. B28. A29. C30. C31. B32. C33. A34. D35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文记叙文。作者讲述了金毛寻回犬照顾自己18个月大的女儿的故事，在女儿遇到危险时，金毛会救护女儿，让她免受伤害。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管体型大但是他是充满爱的。A. weak虚弱的；B. lving充满爱的；C. restless焦躁不安的；D. tlerant宽容的。根据上文“Thugh big”和下文“When Karen, my 18-mnth-ld daughter, held a ckie ut t him, he’d take it gently.(当我18个月大的女儿凯伦把一块饼干递给他时，他会轻轻地接过。)”可知，Rusty是充满爱心的。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：无论她去哪里，Rusty总是照看着她。A. cunt n依靠；依赖；B. take after效仿；C. watch ver照看；D. turn t求助于。根据前文“Karen, my 18-mnth-ld daughter”可知，Karen仅有18个月大，因此推断Rusty总是照看她。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，如果我们大人给他递上食物，他就会像饿狼一样吃下去。A. mrever此外；而且；B. indeed确实；C. thus因而；D. hwever然而。上文的“he’d take it gently”和下文的“he ate it like a hungry wlf.”时转折关系，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我向窗外看时，我的心一沉。A. died死亡；B. ached疼痛；C. melted融化；D. sank下沉；(心情)变得沉重。根据下文“Then and there, I saw Karen n the upper level walking alng the edge!( 就在那时，我看见凯伦在楼上沿着边缘走着!)”可知，18个月的女儿在台阶边上走着，作者理应心情沉重。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在台阶的最高处有1.5米的落差。A. drp落差；B. climb攀登；C. width宽度；D. length长度。根据上文“Our back yard had tw levels, with stne steps leading frm the lwer level t the larger pen area abve.”和下文“1.5 meters t the lwer level”可知，上下台阶落差有1.5米。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然惊慌，但我没有喊，怕吓得她失去平衡，掉到下面的地上。A. verjyed欣喜若狂的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. ashamed惭愧的；D. panicked惊慌的。根据上文“Then and there, I saw Karen n the upper level walking alng the edge!”可知，作者看到女儿在高处走着，应是感到惊慌。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. temper脾气；B. balance平衡；C. heart心；D. interest兴趣。根据下文“falling t the grund belw”可知，作者担心女儿失去平衡掉下去。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我注意到拉斯提在她旁边，想挡住去路。A. blck阻碍；B. guide指导；C. find发现；D. push推。根据下文“Nt t be stpped, Karen walked t an pen spt.”可知，金毛狗想要挡住凯伦的路不让她向前走。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：拉斯提同样迅速地走到她前面，保护着她。A. pleasing（使）开心；B. rescuing营救；C. guarding保护；D. encuraging鼓励。根据上文“Then I nticed Rusty beside her, mving t ____8____ the way.”可知，拉斯提在保护凯伦。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，她感到挫败，回到了中心。A. anxius焦虑的；B. excited兴奋的；C. frustrated挫败的，沮丧的；D. cnfident自信的。根据上文“That repeated a cuple f times.”以及下文“mved back t the center.”可知，拉斯提不断挡住凯伦，最后凯伦感到挫败，放弃了，从边缘回到了中间地带。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我松了口气，立刻跑了上去。A. srrw悲伤；B. relief宽慰；C. satisfactin满意；D. desperatin绝望。根据上文“mved back t the center”可知，女儿安全了，作者感到欣慰，松了一口气。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“来吧，凯伦，”我说，“我们进去吃块饼干吧。”A. rest休息；B. walk走；C. ckie曲奇饼；D. prize奖品。根据下文“Karen and her fur-legged nanny were waiting fr the ____15____ ckie.”可知，作者放凯伦进里面吃饼干。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们走到门口时，她松开了我的手，通过狗门爬了进去。A. lsened放开；B. squeezed挤压；C. tk拿；取；D. rubbed摩擦。根据下文“crawled thrugh the dggy dr”可知，凯伦从狗门里爬进去的，因此松开了拉着作者的手。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们就是这样关着门走出去的。A. unlcked开锁；B. brken打破；C. pen打开；D. shut关闭。根据上文“crawled thrugh the dggy dr. Rusty fllwed.”可知，凯伦和金毛通过狗门进出，这就是他们在门关着的情况下出去的。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我到厨房的时候，凯伦和她的四条腿的保姆正在等着被承诺的饼干。A. prmised被允诺的；B. selected被选择的；C. hand-made手工制作的；D. newly-bught新购买的。根据上文““Let’s g inside and get a ____12____.”可知，饼干是作者承诺给的。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wdblck printing is an ancient printing technique that bsted human civilizatin. As Buddhism gained ppularity in China during the Tang Dynasty, a strng need ____36____ (arise) t prduce numerus Buddhist scriptures(经书), and cpying by hand culd nt meet ____37____ rising demand. Ancient Chinese craftsmen thus invented wdblck printing fr mass prductin, ____38____ (mark) a majr turning pint in printing histry.
There are fur steps invlved in ____39____ (traditin) wdblck printing, with each step sub-divided int several prcedures. ____40____ lies at the center f the technique is carving. Characters and images ____41____ (carve) t prduce raised areas r lines that will eventually apply ink t paper.
A five-meter scrll f the Buddhist scripture Diamnd Sutra, ____42____ (make) in868, is the “earliest dated printed bk” in the wrds f the British Library ____43____ it is stred. It is just ne example f ancient wrks f art that nt nly tell the wisdm f ur ancestrs, but als demnstrate the ____44____ (pursue) f beauty by Chinese craftsmen thrughut centuries.
The inventin f writing gave life _____45_____ great thughts, but it is the inventin f printing that made knwledge a shareable fruit fr all humankind.
【答案】36. arse
37. the38. marking
39. traditinal
40. What41. are carved
42. made43. where
44. pursuit
45. t
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的雕版印刷术的起源和四个步骤。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：随着佛教在中国唐代的普及，人们强烈需要制作大量的佛经，而手工抄写已不能满足日益增长的需求。前文提到随着佛教在唐朝的盛行，提供了明显的时间指示词。因此佛经需求上涨的动作发生在唐朝，使用一般过去时。故填arse。
【37题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：随着佛教在唐代在中国的普及，人们强烈需要制作大量的佛经，而手工抄写已不能满足日益增长的需求。前文提到了a strng need，此处特指该需求，使用meet the rising demand。故填the。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国古代工匠因此发明了大批量生产的雕版印刷术，标志着印刷史上的一个重大转折点。分析句子结构可知make与逻辑主语wdblck printing构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填marking。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：传统的雕版印刷有四个步骤，每个步骤又分为几个步骤。修饰名词wdblck printing应用形容词traditinal，作定语。故填traditinal。
【40题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：这种技术的核心是雕刻。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what，首字母大写。故填What。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：文字和图像被雕刻成凸起的区域或线条，最终将墨水涂在纸上。文字和图像被雕刻成凸起的区域或线条，最终涂上墨水。主语与谓语构成被动关系，此处描述雕版印刷的制作方法，时态为一般现在时，且主语为characters anti images，谓语动词用被动态的复数形式。故填are carved。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一卷制作于公元868年的五米长的佛教经典《金刚经》，用大英图书馆的话说，是“日期最早的印刷书籍”。分析句子结构可知make与逻辑主语A five-meter scrll f the Buddhist scripture Diamnd Sutra构成被动关系，故用过去分词表被动。故填made。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一卷制作于公元868年的五米长的佛教经典《金刚经》，用大英图书馆的话说，是“日期最早的印刷书籍”。此处先行词为the British Library，在定语从句中充当地点状语。故填where。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：这只是古代艺术品的一个例子，它不仅讲述了我们祖先的智慧，也展示了几个世纪以来中国工匠对美的追求。此处作为demnstrate的宾语，应该用名词pursuit。故填pursuit。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：文字的发明孕育了伟大的思想，但印刷术的发明使知识成为全人类共享的成果。此处为固定搭配give life t，表示“赋予生命”。故填t。
第四部分写作(共两节;满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的外国留学生朋友James想在中国进行社会实践，现有如下两种选择：博物馆讲解员或乡村中学志愿者。James来信向你寻求建议，请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.建议其中一项活动；
2.说明至少两点理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear James,
Hw is everything ging?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear James,
Hw is everything ging? Based n yur interests, I wuld recmmend yu t becme a museum guide.
Firstly, wrking as a museum guide will prvide yu with a unique pprtunity t sak yurself in Chinese histry and culture, ffering insights int the cuntry’s past and present. What’s mre, by engaging in daily cnversatins with turists and explaining the cultural significance f the artifacts in Chinese, yu’ll have ample chance t practice and enhance yur language prficiency.
Hpefully, my suggestins will be f help t yu and feel free t reach ut if yu need further guidance.
Best regards,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外国留学生朋友James写封信，给他提出在中国进行社会实践的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：firstly→in the first place
提供：ffer→prvide
充当：wrk as→serve as
另外：what’s mre→in additin
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Firstly, wrking as a museum guide will prvide yu with a unique pprtunity t sak yurself in Chinese histry and culture, ffering insights int the cuntry’s past and present.
拓展句：Firstly, wrking as a museum guide will prvide yu with a unique pprtunity t sak yurself in Chinese histry and culture, which will ffer insights int the cuntry’s past and present.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Based n yur interests, I wuld recmmend yu t becme a museum guide. (运用了过去分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Hpefully, my suggestins will be f help t yu and feel free t reach ut if yu need further guidance. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I had a lvely, dd aunt named Amelia. She always ware clrful clthing and had a clrful persnality t match. She was brave, beautiful, utging, and generus. Despite her mdest beginnings, she managed t turn her passin fr dance int a successful career. Amelia’s jurney began when she gt accepted int the famus Juilliard Schl f Dance in the heart f Manhattan. With dedicatin and discipline, she sharpened her skills, specializing in ballet. Her graceful mvements and remarkable talent earned her awards and paved the way fr a prmising future.
She went n t teach dance at Juilliard and later tured the wrld as a member f the New Yrk City Ballet. Althugh I had never attended ne f her prfessinal prductins, I was eventually treated t an unexpected, semi-private sl perfrmance by her.
While I was visiting her as a yung girl, she surprised me with an uting t a grand theater t watch a ball et perfrmance. The theater was large, spacius, and decrated with beautifully crafted wden balcnies and private bxes. We were seated in the frnt rw at grund level. Tward the end f the shw, the lead dancer twirled (旋转) acrss the stage with elegance and precisin. The beautiful music grew luder, and the audience became fascinated by the amazing shw. Right at this mment, my aunt rse frm her seat, then turned and faced the audience. I instantly slipped dwn in my seat, unsure f what was happening. With graceful mvements, Amelia seamlessly jined the dancers n stage, effrtlessly blending (融入) int the perfrmance. The audience were all shcked at first. Hwever, as Amelia shwed her dance skills, twirling acrss the stage and expressing emtins thrugh her mvements, they culdn’t take their eyes ff her. It seemed like she was meant t be there.
注意：1.续写词数应为150 左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As the music ended, Amelia calmly returned t her seat, breathing steadily.
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Inspired by Amelia, I decided t pursue my wn dream f dancing.
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【答案】 As the music ended, Amelia calmly returned t her seat, breathing steadily. Peple began t rise, applauding and cheering, unable t cntain their admiratin fr the unexpected treat they had just experienced. Amelia’s radiant smile mirrred their excitement as she graciusly accepted their praise. She then turned t me, eyes twinkling with a mischievus glimmer, “Was that a gd shw, my dear?” In that mment, I realized the true pwer f art t transcend bundaries and tuch lives. It was a lessn that wuld stay with me.
Inspired by Amelia, I decided t pursue my wn dream f dancing. I enrlled in dance classes and immersed myself in the wrld f mvement and expressin. Cuntless hurs were spent in rehearsal studis, pushing my bdy t its limits and hning my craft. There were times when exhaustin set in, and dubts crept int my mind, but I always remembered Aunt Amelia’s grace and passin, which fueled my determinatin t succeed. The sl perfrmance in that theater frever altered the curse f my artistic jurney, serving as a reminder that extrardinary mments can happen unexpectedly, and true brilliance knws n limits.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的阿姨阿米莉亚带作者去看一场舞蹈，当演出结束时，阿姨用自己杰出的舞蹈技能向观众和作者展现了一场意外但是迷人的舞蹈，让作者意识到，非凡的时刻可能出人意料地发生，而真正的才华是无止境的。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“音乐结束后，阿米莉亚平静地回到座位上，呼吸平稳。”可知，第一段可描写观众对阿米莉亚的赞美，以及对作者的影响。
②由第二段首句内容“受阿米莉亚的启发，我决定追求自己的舞蹈梦想。”可知，第二段可描写作者如何追求自己的舞蹈梦想，以及感悟。
2. 续写线索：阿米莉亚带我看舞蹈表演——表演结束时，阿米莉亚上台表演——受到观众的赞美——作者被深深震撼，决定追求自己的舞蹈梦想——作者为自己的梦想而努力——感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
表扬：applaud/praise/acclaim
接受：accept/receive/gain
登记：enrll in/sign up/enter ne’s name
情绪类
出乎意料的：unexpected/astnishing/unpredicted
兴奋：excitement/passin/thrill
【点睛】[高分句型1]Amelia’s radiant smile mirrred their excitement as she graciusly accepted their praise. (as引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]There were times when exhaustin set in, and dubts crept int my mind, but I always remembered Aunt Amelia’s grace and passin, which fueled my determinatin t succeed. (which引导的非限制性定语从句)