北京市丰台区2023_2024学年高三英语上学期11月期中试题含解析

这是一份北京市丰台区2023_2024学年高三英语上学期11月期中试题含解析，共32页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考生须知：
1. 答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、教育ID号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的教育ID号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。
2. 本次练习所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。
3. 请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在练习卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
4. 本练习卷满分共100分，作答时长90分钟。
第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节（其10小题；每小题1.5分，其15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The lead rle
Travaris always lved singing and he landed the lead rle in the schl musical. He culd barely wait t tell his parents the ___1___. But when he made his annuncement ver dinner they lked at each ther and frwned (皱眉头). “Yu said the perfrmance is in the week f Nvember 13?” his dad asked. Travaris’s heart ___2___. Of curse, his lder sister was getting married in Hawaii that week. “I’m srry, but yu’ll just have t tell them that yu can’t d it,” his mm said.
The next day at schl, Travaris ___3___ t tell Ms. Phelps, the theater directr, that she shuld give his part t smene else because he wuldn’t be in twn during the ___4___. But all day he was flded with ___5___ frm his classmates fr getting the lead rle. He didn’t have the heart t tell them that it was all fr ___6___ in the play.
Travaris was still staying after schl t practice his part, reading his lines, singing the sngs, and even learning the dance numbers. But as the weeks went by, Travaris started t feel ___7___. He knew that the lnger he ___8___ drpping ut f the play, the mre he wuld hurt the rest f the cast and crew.
Finally, Travaris tld Ms. Phelps hw he culdn’t be in the musical. Ms. Phelps thanked him fr taking the whle ___9___ int accunt. “But dn’t frget t auditin(试镜) again next year, and the chance is bund up with ____10____. ”she added with a smile.
1. A. lieB. stryC. newsD. truth
2. A. wanderedB. racedC. failedD. sank
3. A. plannedB. pretendedC. managedD. frgt
4. A. lessnB. perfrmanceC. practiceD. hliday
5. A. cmplaintsB. cncernsC. cntributinsD. cngratulatins
6. A. nthingB. anythingC. smethingD. everything
7. A. curageusB. disappintedC. guiltyD. curius
8. A. put ffB. gave upC. depended nD. set abut
9. A. experienceB. situatinC. cnversatinD. argument
10. A. beliefB. cnfidenceC. independenceD. respnsibility
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Driving t Palm Springs tw years ag, I met a snwstrm. A car suddenly changed the directin ___11___ (avid) hitting mine and drifted (漂移) twards the side f the cliff. Meanwhile, sme drivers ___12___(sit) in different cars rushed ut. They ___13___(take) ff the chains that had prtected their wn tyres and put them n that car’s tyres ___14___(rapid). Just as the car was abut t be lst ff the cliff, thse drivers stepped up, letting their kind hearts g beynd the snwstrm.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Male vices are much lwer than female vices. This is mainly ___15___ they have the different size f vcal flds (声带). Males have larger vcal flds that create a lwer sund, and females have smaller nes. Apart frm the difference ___16___ size, hwever, the ther majr bilgical difference that effects vices is that males generally have a larger vcal tract, ___17___ can further lwer the tne.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The James Webb Space Telescpe (JWST), which ___18___ (launch) in 2021, is t find the first bjects that frmed after the Big Bang and t study the first Black Hles, the grwth f galaxies and mre. Abut 100 times ___19___ (strng) than the celebrated Hubble Space Telescpe, JWST culd bserve a bumblebee at the Earth-mn distance, in reflected sunlight and thermal emissin (热排放), and it prmises t reveal many ___20___ (wnder) f ur universe.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Hw can we use scientific design t change the wrld and take better care f ur envirnment? In this curse, yu will learn abut ur natural resurces and explre renewable energy thrugh prblem slving in a multi-science class.
____21____
Slving any prblem begins with recgnizing it! But where d yu begin? In this multi-science class, yu will investigate glbal issues facing the wrld tday and hw peple make changes in their cmmunities. Yu will bth discuss and put int practice creative and persuasive ways t influence plicymakers and cmmunity rganizatins. Furthermre, yu will create yur wn plitical cmmunity at the Harkness table that will inspire yu t learn by ding.
Energy and Innvatin
In this multi-science class, yu will investigate bilgical, physical, and chemical aspects f Earth’s wrking systems and hw they relate t climate change. Its impacts are far reaching and thus will require frward thinking and planning. Yur ideas and creativity will be needed t cmpare and cntrast the benefits and csts f energy alternatives as we discuss and prblem slve ur planet’s path int the future.
Art: Transfrm the Wrld
In this studi class we will develp ur creative pwers. Drawing n natural sciences, we will engage with perspectives f life n Earth. Our materials will be newspapers, recycled cardbard, and ther things that are ften thrwn away. Wrking with ur hands and tls, we will transfrm wastes int bjects useful. In this class yu will discver yur artistic talent, learn abut frm, image and technique, and cperate t create pieces fr the final Student Art Exhibit.
21. Which f the fllwing might be the name f the class?
A. Plitical ScienceB. Green Organizatins
C. Glbal ChangesD. Practical Plicymaker
22. In Energy and Innvatin, students will ____________.
A. slve plitical prblemsB. make a plan fr their future
C. change the wrld thrugh picturesD. explre the Earth’s wrking system
23. What d the three classes have in cmmn?
A. They cnduct scientific experiments.
B. They develp persnal interests.
C. They need creative design.
D. They use renewable energy.
B
Braving the elements
On Dec.26, Gelinne, 60, was lking ut the back windws f his hme at the frzen lake. Then an airplane came int his sight. Gelinne lked up just in time t see that small air plane a few hundred yards away, lsing cntrl.
As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a frmer Navy fficer, realized it was ging t land in the lake. He flashed n a mment frm mre than 20 years earlier: Gelinne was at wrk in a bank. When a fire alarm rang, he escaped frm the chas but has always wndered if he culd have stayed inside and helped.
On this day, Gelinne didn’t hesitate. He ran dwn t the waterfrnt. The plane had skidded (侧滑) t a stp n the brad, frzen lake, far frm shre. It was nw sinking. The pilt was standing n the wing. Gelinne knew frm his Navy training that even a few minutes in the icy water culd kill the pilt.
Gelinne tested the ice with his ft and decided nt t take any chances walking n it. S he pulled a bat ut frm under his back deck.
Then he set ff, pushing his bat acrss the ice. It was tugh wrk. When Gelinne reached the plane, it had brken thrugh the ice and sunk; nly its tail was visible. The pilt was standing n a tail wing, submerged up t his chest, surrunded by pen water. Gelinne pushed his bat ff the ice and int the water, paddling (划) tward the pilt.
Gelinne fcused n keeping the pilt calm, jking, “Just hang n t the bat as if yu were hugging yur wife.” The pilt grabbed the bat’s bw, but Gelinne knew he had t get the pilt ut f the water and up nt the shelf f unbrken ice behind him befre the man lst t much bdy heat.
By nw a plice fficer had arrived and radied fr help. A lifebat appeared, breaking thrugh ice as it arrived. It picked up the pilt and rushed him t safety. Later the bat returned t help Gelinne, nw extremely tired, t shre.
“I’m 60 years ld,” Gelinne says. “There was n way I culd get him t shre.” Still, he was satisfied he’d gne the right way that day.
24. Why did Gelinne run utside withut hesitatin?
A. He had rescucing experience.B. He wanted t ffer help in time.
C. He needed mre time t prepare.D. He was amazed at what had happened.
25. Hw did Gelinne help the pilt?
A. He made a call t the plice.B. He gt the pilt ut f the water.
C. He asked the pilt t grasp the bw.D. He picked up the pilt nt the shre.
26. What Gelinne did in the rescue prved him t be ____________.
A. generusB. braveC. curiusD. strict
27. What can Gelinne prbably learn frm the rescue?
A. Think twice befre actin.
B. One gd turn deserves anther.
C. It’s never t late t make things right.
D. One shuld always be ready t seize chances.
C
“Flying insects dn’t fly directly t lights frm far away because they’re attracted t them but appear t change curse tward a light if they happen t be passing by due t a strange inbrn bilgical respnse,” writes Samuel Fabian, a biengineer, in a research paper.
Until nw, the leading scientific hypthesis has been that insects use the mn’s light t direct the way at night and mistake artificial lights fr the mn. But this idea desn’t explain why insects that nly fly during the day als gather arund lights.
T find ut what really happens, Samuel’s team track the precise mvements f insects in the wild arund lights using a high-speed camera. This revealed tw ntable behaviurs. First, when insects fly abve lights, they ften invert (转向) themselves and try t fly upside dwn, causing them t fall very fast. Just after insects pass under a light, they start ding a ring rad. As their climb angle becmes t steep, they suddenly stp and start t fall. Secnd, when insects apprach a light frm the side, they may circle r “rbit” the light.
The vides shw that the inversins smetimes result in insects falling n lights. It can appear t the naked eye as thugh they are flying at the lights. “Instead, insects turn their drsum tward the light, generating flight perpendicular(垂直) t the surce,” the team write. It is cmmn t the tw behaviurs that the insects are keeping their backs t the light, knwn as the drsal light respnse (DLR). This DLR is a shrtcut fr insects t wrk ut which way is up and keep their bdies upright, as the mn r sun is usually mre r less directly abve them, and this directin allws them t maintain prper flight attitude and cntrl. They als find that the insects fly at right angles t a light surce, leading t rbiting and unstable flights as the light’s lcatin relative t them changes as they mve.
Samuel’s team suggest that a pssible utcme f the research culd help the cnstructin industry t avid the types f light that mst attract insects.
28. What des the research fcus n?
A. Why insects gather arund lights.
B. Where artificial lights lead insects t.
C. What bilgical respnse insects are brn with.
D. Hw t design envirnment friendly artificial lights.
29. What can we learn abut insects frm the vides f their mvements?
A. They fly directly t lights.B. They circle clse t lights.
C. Their flying speed is steady.D. Their inversins can be cntrlled.
30. DLR makes insects ____________.
A. balance their flyingB. keep their rute straight
C. decide their bdy psitnD. shrten their flight distance
D
We humans are in truble. We have let lse a new evlutinary prcess that we dn’t understand and can’t cntrl.
The latest leaps frward in artificial intelligence (AI) are rightly causing anxiety. Yet peple are respnding as thugh AI is just ne mre scary new technlgy, like electricity r cars nce were. We invented it, the argument ges, s we shuld be able t manage it fr ur wn benefit. Nt s. I believe that this situatin is new and ptentially dangerus.
My thinking starts frm the premise that all design anywhere in the universe is created by the evlutinary algrithm (算法). This is the prcess in which sme kind f infrmatin is cpied many times, the cpies vary slightly and nly sme are selected t be cpied again. The infrmatin is called the replicatr (复制者), and ur mst familiar example is the gene.
But genes aren’t the nly replicatr, as Richard Dawkins stressed in The Selfish Gene. Peple cpy habits, stries, wrds, technlgies and sngs; we change, recmbine and pass them n in ever greater variety. This secnd replicatr, evlving much faster than genes ever culd, Dawkins called memes (模仿传递行为) — and they are selfish t.
As we face up t the recent explsin in AI, new questins arise. Culd a third replicatr take advantage f the first tw? And what wuld happen if it did?
Fr billins f years, all f the Earth’s rganisms were gene machines, until, abut 2 millin years ag, just ne species — ur ancestrs — started imitating sunds, gestures and ways f prcessing fd. They had let lse a secnd replicatr and turned us int meme machines. Fllwing the same principle, culd a third replicatr appear if sme bject we made started cpying, varying and selecting a new kind f infrmatin?
It culd, and I believe it has. Our digital technlgy can cpy, stre and spread vast amunts f infrmatin with near-perfect accuracy. While we had mstly been the nes selecting what t cpy and share, that is changing nw. Mindless algrithms chse which ads we see and which news stries they “think” we wuld like. Once a digital replicatr takes ff, its prducts will evlve fr its wn benefit, nt urs.
All is nt lst, thugh. We already cpe with fast-evlving parasites such as viruses by using ur immune systems, machines and vaccines. Nw, we need t build ur cllective mental immunity, ur critical thinking and ur ability t prtect ur attentin frm all that selfish infrmatin. Taking lessns frm evlutin, we can stp imagining we are the cntrllers f ur accidentally dangerus ffspring and start learning hw t live with them.
31. As fr peple’s attitude tward AI, the authr is ____________.
A. disapprvingB. uncncerned
C. sympatheticD. tlerant
32. Accrding t the passage, Richard Dawkins may agree that ____________.
A. memes are cmpsed f selfish genesB. the speed f evlutin is underestimated
C. replicatrs vary with human interferenceD. memes and genes share a cmmn feature
33. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. Technlgies can be duble-edged.
B. Cllective effrts make a better wrld.
C. We shuld live in harmny with nature.
D. Past experience is relevant t future actin.
34. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. The pace f technlgical prgress is unstppable.
B. The initiative f algrithm shuld be strengthened.
C. The new evlutin can bring abut negative effects.
D. The artificial intelligence can satisfy ur real desires.
第二节（其5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
All the feels
Yu can make yur picture bk memrable by cncentrating n emtinal cnnectin. This wrks acrss every principle f writing, regardless f age range r genre (文体), because it is universally recgnized. ___35___
The reasn why emtinal cnnectin wrks is that emtin is a fundamental human experience. ___36___ It als brings us tgether and reminds us that althugh we have differences, peple are fundamentally the same. By bringing emtin int yur stry, yu tap int that cnsciusness. The stry feels mre real t us. It is cnsistent with us, and as a result, we have a richer reading experience.
___37___ This is useful fr yur picture bk writing, such as chsing vcabulary t use r adpting a suitable linguistic style. Once yu knw the genre f a bk, yu can think abut the kind f emtinal strytelling a reader wuld expect frm this genre.
Fr example, if it’s a funny picture bk, yur reader is clearly expecting t laugh. Make sure they laugh. If it’s an adventure stry, yur reader will be expecting t feel excitement, anticipatin and prbably a little mild fear. If it’s a heartwarming stry, yur reader expects t feel warm, cmfrted and verflwing with lve. ___38___
Anther reasn fr including emtin in yur picture bk is t really get yur reader inside yur character’s head. Firstly, it helps build n the yung reader’s emtinal develpment and understanding f self and thers. ___39___ As well as caring abut character, an emtin-filled picture bk therefre keeps us n ur tes.
If yu want yur stry t stand ut amngst ther stries, give yur reader smething t remember —a strng emtinal cnnectin.
A. Secndly, it creates interest in the character.
B. It helps us make sense f the wrld arund us.
C. An emtinal ending in a picture bk wrks well.
D. When we feel smething, we will have sharp minds.
E. This is bviusly nt a cmplete list, but it is a starting pint.
F. Here is why it wrks and hw yu can use it in yur picture bk writing.
G. Picture bks have many different genres and yur jb is t knw which genre yur stry sits in.
第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节（其4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，其12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
阅读表达
Upgrade yur prblems
In 2017, I spent all my mney buying my first flat——which meant I had n mney t fix my first hmewner’s prblem. I was sleeping n an air mattress because I culdn’t affrd furniture. Then I nticed a leaky pipe under the bath, which created a wet puddle (水坑). I culdn’t affrd a plumber (水管工) but I didn’t want t intrduce myself t the neighbur by crashing thrugh their wet ceiling.
The nly ptin left fr me was that I had t slve the prblem n my wn. I tk the bus t a nearby stre and talked with the nice guy behind the cunter. He explained hw t fix it and sld me a pipe cutter and a bit f pipewrk. I went back hme, pushed my head under the bath, and gt the jb dne.
It taught me a lessn that has since becme a bit f mtt fr me: Upgrade yur prblems.
Having a wet bathrm flr is a prblem—and the day befre I bught the place, I wuld have had a landlrd t call. But nce the place was mine, this became my prblem. I saw this as prgress: Yu must wn yur wn prperty t take care f this srt f situatin.
Years later, when I funded my prfessinal services cmpany with my business partner, Adam, this mtt became cre t hw we apprach the business. There have been many prblems, and there will cntinue t be new nes. Hwever, we remember the reasn we have these prblems—it’s because we run ur wn business! A late-paying custmer is a prblem, but it’s ne we encunter nly if we have paying custmers.
That is why I still keep the pipe cutter n my desk tday. It reminds me that, n matter my level f frustratin (挫败), I am frtunate t face the prblems I d. The mre I slve them, the mre I upgrade t even better nes.
40. What did the authr ntice in his first flat?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
41. Hw did the authr slve his prblem with the bath?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement then underline it and explain why.
The authr still keeps the pipe cutter n his desk tday because it reminds him f his success in business
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
43What else wuld yu d when yu encunter prblems in life? (In abut 40 wrds)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校将开展以“用英文讲中国故事”为主题的交流活动。请你给英国交换生Ryan写一封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括：
1. 告知活动安排；
2. 发出邀请。
注意:
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Ryan,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
丰台区2023~2024学年度第一学期期中练习
高三英语
考生须知：
1. 答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、教育ID号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的教育ID号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。
2. 本次练习所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。
3. 请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在练习卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
4. 本练习卷满分共100分，作答时长90分钟。
第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节（其10小题；每小题1.5分，其15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The lead rle
Travaris always lved singing and he landed the lead rle in the schl musical. He culd barely wait t tell his parents the ___1___. But when he made his annuncement ver dinner, they lked at each ther and frwned (皱眉头). “Yu said the perfrmance is in the week f Nvember 13?” his dad asked. Travaris’s heart ___2___. Of curse, his lder sister was getting married in Hawaii that week. “I’m srry, but yu’ll just have t tell them that yu can’t d it,” his mm said.
The next day at schl, Travaris ___3___ t tell Ms. Phelps, the theater directr, that she shuld give his part t smene else because he wuldn’t be in twn during the ___4___. But all day he was flded with ___5___ frm his classmates fr getting the lead rle. He didn’t have the heart t tell them that it was all fr ___6___ in the play.
Travaris was still staying after schl t practice his part, reading his lines, singing the sngs, and even learning the dance numbers. But as the weeks went by, Travaris started t feel ___7___. He knew that the lnger he ___8___ drpping ut f the play, the mre he wuld hurt the rest f the cast and crew.
Finally, Travaris tld Ms. Phelps hw he culdn’t be in the musical. Ms. Phelps thanked him fr taking the whle ___9___ int accunt. “But dn’t frget t auditin(试镜) again next year, and the chance is bund up with ____10____. ”she added with a smile.
1. A. lieB. stryC. newsD. truth
2. A. wanderedB. racedC. failedD. sank
3. A. plannedB. pretendedC. managedD. frgt
4. A. lessnB. perfrmanceC. practiceD. hliday
5. A. cmplaintsB. cncernsC. cntributinsD. cngratulatins
6. A. nthingB. anythingC. smethingD. everything
7. A. curageusB. disappintedC. guiltyD. curius
8. A. put ffB. gave upC. depended nD. set abut
9. A. experienceB. situatinC. cnversatinD. argument
10. A. beliefB. cnfidenceC. independenceD. respnsibility
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Travaris在学校音乐剧中被选中担任主角，非常高兴，但是演出时间正赶上姐姐那天结婚，他不得不辞去主角的任务，由于虚荣心，他不想把不能参加演出的事情说出去，后来经过几周的心理斗争，他感到愧疚，终于告诉戏剧导演他不能参加这次音乐剧的故事。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他迫不及待地想把这个消息告诉父母。A. lie谎话；B. stry故事；C. news消息；D. truth事实。根据语境和前文“he landed the lead rle in the schl musical”可知，Travaris在学校音乐剧中担任主角，他想把这个消息告诉父母。故选C项。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Travaris的心一沉。A. wandered漫游；B. raced赛跑；C. failed失败；D. sank下沉。根据后文“Of curse, his lder sister was getting married in Hawaii that week. “I’m srry, but yu’ll just have t tell them that yu can’t d it,” his mm said.”可知，因为正好在演出那周他姐姐要在夏威夷结婚，时间冲突了，所以Travaris的心一沉。故选D项。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天在学校，Travaris打算告诉戏剧导演老师Phelps女士，她应该把他的角色给别人，因为演出期间他不会在城里。A. planned计划，打算；B. pretended假装；C. managed管理；D. frgt忘记。根据后文“that she shuld give his part t smene else because he wuldn’t be in twn during the ___4___”及“He didn’t have the heart t tell them that it was all fr ___6___ in the play.”可知，Travaris打算把这事告诉导演老师，但由于虚荣心，又不愿意说。故选A项。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. lessn课；B. perfrmance表演，演出；C. practice练习；D. hliday假期。根据前文分析并结合后文“she shuld give his part t smene else”可知，演出和姐姐结婚时间冲突了，所以演出期间Travaris不在城里，要去参加姐姐婚礼。故选B项。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但一整天，他都被同学们铺天盖地的祝贺声淹没了，因为他得到了主角。A. cmplaints抱怨；B. cncerns关心；C. cntributins贡献；D. cngratulatins祝贺。根据后文“fr getting the lead rle”可知，因为Travaris得到了主角，同学们都祝贺他。故选D项。
【6题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：他不忍心告诉他们这出戏对他已是毫无意义了。A. nthing什么都没有；B. anything任何事；C. smething某事；D. everything每件事。根据前文“because he wuldn’t be in twn during the ___4___”可知，因为演出期间Travaris不会在城里，所以这出戏对他已是毫无意义了。故选A项。
【7题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但几周过去了，Travaris开始感到内疚。A. curageus有勇气的；B. disappinted失望的；C. guilt内疚的；D. curius好奇的。根据前文分析并结合前文“because he wuldn’t be in twn during the ___4___”可知，演出期间Travaris不在城里，他无法参加演出，但没有告诉导演，所以他感到内疚。故选C项。
【8题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他知道，他拖得越久，就越会伤害其他演员和工作人员。A. put ff推迟，拖；B. gave up放弃；C. depended n依靠；D. set abut着手，开始。根据常识和后文“drpping ut f the play, the mre he wuld hurt the rest f the cast and crew”可知，如果Travaris不把实情告诉导演，拖得越久，就会更加伤害其他演员和工作人员。故选A项。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Phelps女士感谢他考虑到了全局。A. experience经历；B. situatin情况；C. cnversatin对话；D. argument争论。根据前文“Travaris tld Ms. Phelps hw he culdn’t be in the musical.”可知，Travaris告诉导演，他不能出演这部音乐剧，导演感谢他考虑到了整个演出安排情况。故选B项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但别忘了明年再来试镜，机会与信念息息相关。A. belief信念；B. cnfidence自信；C. independence独立；D. respnsibility责任。根据前文“Finally, Travaris tld Ms. Phelps hw he culdn’t be in the musical.”可知，Travaris诚实地告诉导演实情，以便导演更好的安排演出，而导演赞扬他顾全大局的诚实品质，答应明年再给他机会，并且说，“机会和他诚实的信念是相关的”。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Driving t Palm Springs tw years ag, I met a snwstrm. A car suddenly changed the directin ___11___ (avid) hitting mine and drifted (漂移) twards the side f the cliff. Meanwhile, sme drivers ___12___(sit) in different cars rushed ut. They ___13___(take) ff the chains that had prtected their wn tyres and put them n that car’s tyres ___14___(rapid). Just as the car was abut t be lst ff the cliff, thse drivers stepped up, letting their kind hearts g beynd the snwstrm.
【答案】11. t avid
12. sitting
13. tk 14. rapidly
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者开车去棕榈泉的途中，有车陷入困境，大家齐心帮忙的故事。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一辆汽车突然改变方向以避免撞上我的车，并向悬崖边漂移。动词avid意为“避免”，分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为changed，故本空作非谓语动词，结合语意，汽车突然改变方向是为了避免撞上作者的车，空处应填不定式形式t avid，作目的状语。故答案为t avid。
【12题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，一些坐在不同车里的司机冲了出来。动词sit意为“坐”，分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为rushed ut，故本空作非谓语动词，sit与逻辑主语drivers之间是主动关系，应填现在分词sitting，作定语，修饰名词drivers。故答案为sitting。
【13题详解】
考查时态。句意：他们摘下保护自己轮胎的链条，迅速把它们放在那辆汽车轮胎上。结合句意和空后的had prtected可知，事情发生在过去，故主句用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式tk。故答案为tk。
【14题详解】
考查副词。句意：他们摘下保护自己轮胎的链条，迅速把它们放在那辆汽车轮胎上。分析句子结构可知，本空填副词rapidly“迅速地”，作状语，修饰动词put。故答案为rapidly。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Male vices are much lwer than female vices. This is mainly ___15___ they have the different size f vcal flds (声带). Males have larger vcal flds that create a lwer sund, and females have smaller nes. Apart frm the difference ___16___ size, hwever, the ther majr bilgical difference that effects vices is that males generally have a larger vcal tract, ___17___ can further lwer the tne.
【答案】15. because 16. in
17. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了男声比女声低沉的主要原因。
【15题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：这主要是因为它们的声带大小不同。“they have the different size f vcal flds (声带)”是表语从句，说明了男声比女声低沉的原因，用连接词because引导该表语从句；this is because...“这是因为……”。故填because。
【16题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，除了大小的差异，影响声音的另一个主要生物学差异是男性通常有更大的声道，这可以进一步降低音调。difference in...是固定搭配，意为“在……方面的差异”。故填in。
【17题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：然而，除了大小的差异，影响声音的另一个主要生物学差异是男性通常有更大的声道，这可以进一步降低音调。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a larger vcal tract，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The James Webb Space Telescpe (JWST), which ___18___ (launch) in 2021, is t find the first bjects that frmed after the Big Bang and t study the first Black Hles, the grwth f galaxies and mre. Abut 100 times ___19___ (strng) than the celebrated Hubble Space Telescpe, JWST culd bserve a bumblebee at the Earth-mn distance, in reflected sunlight and thermal emissin (热排放), and it prmises t reveal many ___20___ (wnder) f ur universe.
【答案】18. was launched
19. strnger
20. wnders
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜。
【18题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜(JWST)于2021年发射升空，旨在寻找大爆炸后形成的第一批物体，并研究第一批黑洞、星系的成长等。分析句子可知，launch (发射) 是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语which (即先行词The James Webb Space Telescpe) 之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语in 2021，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语是专有名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用was。故填was launched。
【19题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：JWST的强度大约是著名的哈勃太空望远镜的100倍，它可以通过反射的阳光和热辐射在地月距离上观察一只大黄蜂，它有望揭示我们宇宙的许多奇迹。结合句意和空格后介词 than可知，句中使用了比较级，用形容词比较级strnger。故填strnger。
【20题详解】
考查名词。句意：JWST的强度大约是著名的哈勃太空望远镜的100倍，它可以通过反射的阳光和热辐射在地月距离上观察一只大黄蜂，它有望揭示我们宇宙的许多奇迹。可数名词wnder作宾语，有限定词many修饰，用复数形式wnders。故填wnders。
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Hw can we use scientific design t change the wrld and take better care f ur envirnment? In this curse, yu will learn abut ur natural resurces and explre renewable energy thrugh prblem slving in a multi-science class.
____21____
Slving any prblem begins with recgnizing it! But where d yu begin? In this multi-science class, yu will investigate glbal issues facing the wrld tday and hw peple make changes in their cmmunities. Yu will bth discuss and put int practice creative and persuasive ways t influence plicymakers and cmmunity rganizatins. Furthermre, yu will create yur wn plitical cmmunity at the Harkness table that will inspire yu t learn by ding.
Energy and Innvatin
In this multi-science class, yu will investigate bilgical, physical, and chemical aspects f Earth’s wrking systems and hw they relate t climate change. Its impacts are far reaching and thus will require frward thinking and planning. Yur ideas and creativity will be needed t cmpare and cntrast the benefits and csts f energy alternatives as we discuss and prblem slve ur planet’s path int the future.
Art: Transfrm the Wrld
In this studi class we will develp ur creative pwers. Drawing n natural sciences, we will engage with perspectives f life n Earth. Our materials will be newspapers, recycled cardbard, and ther things that are ften thrwn away. Wrking with ur hands and tls, we will transfrm wastes int bjects useful. In this class yu will discver yur artistic talent, learn abut frm, image and technique, and cperate t create pieces fr the final Student Art Exhibit.
21. Which f the fllwing might be the name f the class?
A. Plitical ScienceB. Green Organizatins
C. Glbal ChangesD. Practical Plicymaker
22. In Energy and Innvatin, students will ____________.
A. slve plitical prblemsB. make a plan fr their future
C. change the wrld thrugh picturesD. explre the Earth’s wrking system
23. What d the three classes have in cmmn?
A. They cnduct scientific experiments.
B. They develp persnal interests.
C. They need creative design.
D. They use renewable energy.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种课程体系的具体情况。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段中“Yu will bth discuss and put int practice creative and persuasive ways t influence plicymakers and cmmunity rganizatins. Furthermre, yu will create yur wn plitical cmmunity at the Harkness table that will inspire yu t learn by ding. (你们将讨论并实践创造性和有说服力的方式来影响决策者和社区组织。此外，你将在哈克内斯会议桌上创建自己的政治社区，这将激励你在实践中学习。)”可知，在这项课程中，学生将研究与政治相关事宜，故这是政治学。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中“In this multi-science class, yu will investigate bilgical, physical, and chemical aspects f Earth’s wrking systems and hw they relate t climate change. (在这堂多学科课程中，你将研究地球工作系统的生物、物理和化学方面，以及它们与气候变化的关系。)”可知，在能源与创新课程中，学生将探索地球的工作系统。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段中“Yu will bth discuss and put int practice creative and persuasive ways t influence plicymakers and cmmunity rganizatins. (你们将讨论并实践影响决策者和社区组织的创造性和有说服力的方法。)”和文章第三段中“Yur ideas and creativity will be needed t cmpare and cntrast the benefits and csts f energy alternatives as we discuss and prblem slve ur planet’s path int the future. (在我们讨论和解决我们星球通往未来的道路时，需要你的想法和创造力来比较和对比能源替代品的好处和成本。)”,以及文章第四段中“In this studi class we will develp ur creative pwers. (在这堂工作室课上，我们将发展我们的创造力。)”可知，这三个班都需要学生有创意的设计。故选C。
B
Braving the elements
On Dec.26, Gelinne, 60, was lking ut the back windws f his hme at the frzen lake. Then an airplane came int his sight. Gelinne lked up just in time t see that small air plane a few hundred yards away, lsing cntrl.
As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a frmer Navy fficer, realized it was ging t land in the lake. He flashed n a mment frm mre than 20 years earlier: Gelinne was at wrk in a bank. When a fire alarm rang, he escaped frm the chas but has always wndered if he culd have stayed inside and helped.
On this day, Gelinne didn’t hesitate. He ran dwn t the waterfrnt. The plane had skidded (侧滑) t a stp n the brad, frzen lake, far frm shre. It was nw sinking. The pilt was standing n the wing. Gelinne knew frm his Navy training that even a few minutes in the icy water culd kill the pilt.
Gelinne tested the ice with his ft and decided nt t take any chances walking n it. S he pulled a bat ut frm under his back deck.
Then he set ff, pushing his bat acrss the ice. It was tugh wrk. When Gelinne reached the plane, it had brken thrugh the ice and sunk; nly its tail was visible. The pilt was standing n a tail wing, submerged up t his chest, surrunded by pen water. Gelinne pushed his bat ff the ice and int the water, paddling (划) tward the pilt.
Gelinne fcused n keeping the pilt calm, jking, “Just hang n t the bat as if yu were hugging yur wife.” The pilt grabbed the bat’s bw, but Gelinne knew he had t get the pilt ut f the water and up nt the shelf f unbrken ice behind him befre the man lst t much bdy heat.
By nw a plice fficer had arrived and radied fr help. A lifebat appeared, breaking thrugh ice as it arrived. It picked up the pilt and rushed him t safety. Later the bat returned t help Gelinne, nw extremely tired, t shre.
“I’m 60 years ld,” Gelinne says. “There was n way I culd get him t shre.” Still, he was satisfied he’d gne the right way that day.
24. Why did Gelinne run utside withut hesitatin?
A. He had rescucing experience.B. He wanted t ffer help in time.
C. He needed mre time t prepare.D. He was amazed at what had happened.
25. Hw did Gelinne help the pilt?
A. He made a call t the plice.B. He gt the pilt ut f the water.
C. He asked the pilt t grasp the bw.D. He picked up the pilt nt the shre.
26. What Gelinne did in the rescue prved him t be ____________.
A. generusB. braveC. curiusD. strict
27. What can Gelinne prbably learn frm the rescue?
A. Think twice befre actin.
B. One gd turn deserves anther.
C. It’s never t late t make things right.
D. One shuld always be ready t seize chances.
【答案】24. B 25. B 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了60岁的男子Gelinne在看到一架小飞机失控即将坠入湖中时，毫不犹豫地前去救援的故事。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“On this day, Gelinne didn’t hesitate.(这一天，杰琳没有犹豫。)”和第四段中“Gelinne tested the ice with his ft and decided nt t take any chances walking n it. S he pulled a bat ut frm under his back deck.(Gelinne用脚试了试冰面，决定不冒险在上面走。于是他从后甲板下拉出一条船。)”可推知，Gelinne毫不犹豫地跑出去是为了及时提供救援。故选B项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中“Gelinne fcused n keeping the pilt calm, jking, “Just hang n t the bat as if yu were hugging yur wife.” The pilt grabbed the bat’s bw, but Gelinne knew he had t get the pilt ut f the water and up nt the shelf f unbrken ice behind him befre the man lst t much bdy heat.(Gelinne专注于让领航员保持冷静，他开玩笑说：“只要抓住船，就像你在拥抱你的妻子一样。”飞行员抓住船头，但Gelinne知道，他必须在飞行员失去太多体温之前，把他从水里救出来，爬到他身后未碎的冰架上。)”可知，Gelinne把飞行员从水里救了出来。故选B项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“On this day, Gelinne didn’t hesitate. He ran dwn t the waterfrnt.(这一天，Gelinne没有犹豫。他跑到水边。)”、第五段中“Then he set ff, pushing his bat acrss the ice. It was tugh wrk.(然后他出发了，推着他的船穿过冰面。这是一项艰苦的工作。)”和倒数第二段中“Later the bat returned t help Gelinne, nw extremely tired, t shre.(过了一会儿，小船又回来了，帮助此时极度疲惫的Gelinne上岸。)”可知，60岁的Gelinne不顾安危，毫不犹豫地去拯救掉到湖里的飞行员，说明他非常勇敢。故选B项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“He flashed n a mment frm mre than 20 years earlier: Gelinne was at wrk in a bank. When a fire alarm rang, he escaped frm the chas but has always wndered if he culd have stayed inside and helped.(他突然想起了20多年前的一幕：杰琳在一家银行工作。当火灾警报响起时，他从混乱中逃了出来，但他一直在想自己是否能留在屋里帮忙。)”可知，Gelinne一直为20多年前的行为感到懊悔，结合最后一段中“Still, he was satisfied he’d gne the right way that day.(尽管如此，他还是很满意自己那天做出了正确的选择。)”可推知，Gelinne这次做出了正确的选择，弥补了过去的遗憾。由此推知，从这次救援中，Gelinne明白了：亡羊补牢，为时未晚。故选C项。
C
“Flying insects dn’t fly directly t lights frm far away because they’re attracted t them, but appear t change curse tward a light if they happen t be passing by due t a strange inbrn bilgical respnse,” writes Samuel Fabian, a biengineer, in a research paper.
Until nw, the leading scientific hypthesis has been that insects use the mn’s light t direct the way at night and mistake artificial lights fr the mn. But this idea desn’t explain why insects that nly fly during the day als gather arund lights.
T find ut what really happens, Samuel’s team track the precise mvements f insects in the wild arund lights using a high-speed camera. This revealed tw ntable behaviurs. First, when insects fly abve lights, they ften invert (转向) themselves and try t fly upside dwn, causing them t fall very fast. Just after insects pass under a light, they start ding a ring rad. As their climb angle becmes t steep, they suddenly stp and start t fall. Secnd, when insects apprach a light frm the side, they may circle r “rbit” the light.
The vides shw that the inversins smetimes result in insects falling n lights. It can appear t the naked eye as thugh they are flying at the lights. “Instead, insects turn their drsum tward the light, generating flight perpendicular(垂直) t the surce,” the team write. It is cmmn t the tw behaviurs that the insects are keeping their backs t the light, knwn as the drsal light respnse (DLR). This DLR is a shrtcut fr insects t wrk ut which way is up and keep their bdies upright, as the mn r sun is usually mre r less directly abve them, and this directin allws them t maintain prper flight attitude and cntrl. They als find that the insects fly at right angles t a light surce, leading t rbiting and unstable flights as the light’s lcatin relative t them changes as they mve.
Samuel’s team suggest that a pssible utcme f the research culd help the cnstructin industry t avid the types f light that mst attract insects.
28. What des the research fcus n?
A. Why insects gather arund lights.
B. Where artificial lights lead insects t.
C. What bilgical respnse insects are brn with.
D. Hw t design envirnment friendly artificial lights.
29. What can we learn abut insects frm the vides f their mvements?
A. They fly directly t lights.B. They circle clse t lights.
C. Their flying speed is steady.D. Their inversins can be cntrlled.
30. DLR makes insects ____________.
A. balance their flyingB. keep their rute straight
C. decide their bdy psitnD. shrten their flight distance
【答案】28. D 29. D 30. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍一项对昆虫趋光的研究，旨在帮助建筑行业避免那些最容易吸引昆虫的光线。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Samuel’s team suggest that a pssible utcme f the research culd help the cnstructin industry t avid the types f light that mst attract insects. (塞缪尔的研究小组认为，这项研究的一个可能结果是，它可以帮助建筑行业避免那些最容易吸引昆虫的光线。)”可知，研究专注于如何设计环保型人工光源。故选D项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“First, when insects fly abve lights, they ften invert (转向) themselves and try t fly upside dwn, causing them t fall very fast. (首先，当昆虫在灯光上方飞行时，它们通常会把自己倒过来，试图倒过来飞行，这导致它们坠落得非常快。)”可知，它们的倒置是可以控制的。故选D项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“This DLR is a shrtcut fr insects t wrk ut which way is up and keep their bdies upright, as the mn r sun is usually mre r less directly abve them, and this directin allws them t maintain prper flight attitude and cntrl. (这种DLR是昆虫找出向上方向并保持身体直立的捷径，因为月亮或太阳通常或多或少在它们的正上方，这个方向使它们能够保持适当的飞行姿态和控制。)”可知，DLR使昆虫决定它们的身体姿势。故选C项。
D
We humans are in truble. We have let lse a new evlutinary prcess that we dn’t understand and can’t cntrl.
The latest leaps frward in artificial intelligence (AI) are rightly causing anxiety. Yet peple are respnding as thugh AI is just ne mre scary new technlgy, like electricity r cars nce were. We invented it, the argument ges, s we shuld be able t manage it fr ur wn benefit. Nt s. I believe that this situatin is new and ptentially dangerus.
My thinking starts frm the premise that all design anywhere in the universe is created by the evlutinary algrithm (算法). This is the prcess in which sme kind f infrmatin is cpied many times, the cpies vary slightly and nly sme are selected t be cpied again. The infrmatin is called the replicatr (复制者), and ur mst familiar example is the gene.
But genes aren’t the nly replicatr, as Richard Dawkins stressed in The Selfish Gene. Peple cpy habits, stries, wrds, technlgies and sngs; we change, recmbine and pass them n in ever greater variety. This secnd replicatr, evlving much faster than genes ever culd, Dawkins called memes (模仿传递行为) — and they are selfish t.
As we face up t the recent explsin in AI, new questins arise. Culd a third replicatr take advantage f the first tw? And what wuld happen if it did?
Fr billins f years, all f the Earth’s rganisms were gene machines, until, abut 2 millin years ag, just ne species — ur ancestrs — started imitating sunds, gestures and ways f prcessing fd. They had let lse a secnd replicatr and turned us int meme machines. Fllwing the same principle, culd a third replicatr appear if sme bject we made started cpying, varying and selecting a new kind f infrmatin?
It culd, and I believe it has. Our digital technlgy can cpy, stre and spread vast amunts f infrmatin with near-perfect accuracy. While we had mstly been the nes selecting what t cpy and share, that is changing nw. Mindless algrithms chse which ads we see and which news stries they “think” we wuld like. Once a digital replicatr takes ff, its prducts will evlve fr its wn benefit, nt urs.
All is nt lst, thugh. We already cpe with fast-evlving parasites such as viruses by using ur immune systems, machines and vaccines. Nw, we need t build ur cllective mental immunity, ur critical thinking and ur ability t prtect ur attentin frm all that selfish infrmatin. Taking lessns frm evlutin, we can stp imagining we are the cntrllers f ur accidentally dangerus ffspring and start learning hw t live with them.
31. As fr peple’s attitude tward AI, the authr is ____________.
A. disapprvingB. uncncerned
C. sympatheticD. tlerant
32. Accrding t the passage, Richard Dawkins may agree that ____________.
A. memes are cmpsed f selfish genesB. the speed f evlutin is underestimated
C. replicatrs vary with human interferenceD. memes and genes share a cmmn feature
33. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. Technlgies can be duble-edged.
B. Cllective effrts make a better wrld.
C. We shuld live in harmny with nature.
D. Past experience is relevant t future actin.
34. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. The pace f technlgical prgress is unstppable.
B. The initiative f algrithm shuld be strengthened.
C. The new evlutin can bring abut negative effects.
D. The artificial intelligence can satisfy ur real desires.
【答案】31. A 32. D 33. D 34. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者在文中探讨了人工智能的最新发展所带来的焦虑和人类的应对办法。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Yet peple are respnding as thugh AI is just ne mre scary new technlgy, like electricity r cars nce were. We invented it, the argument ges, s we shuld be able t manage it fr ur wn benefit. Nt s. I believe that this situatin is new and ptentially dangerus.(然而，人们的反应似乎是，人工智能只不过是又一项可怕的新技术，就像曾经的电力或汽车一样。这种观点认为，我们发明了它，所以我们应该能够为了自己的利益来管理它。不是这样的。我认为这种情况是新的，而且有潜在的危险。)”可知，人们认为人工智能与曾经的电力或汽车一样，不会给人类带来威胁，但作者并不赞成这一观点。故选A项。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“But genes aren’t the nly replicatr, as Richard Dawkins stressed in The Selfish Gene. Peple cpy habits, stries, wrds, technlgies and sngs; we change, recmbine and pass them n in ever greater variety. This secnd replicatr, evlving much faster than genes ever culd, Dawkins called memes (模仿传递行为) — and they are selfish t.(但正如理查德·道金斯在《自私的基因》中强调的那样，基因并不是唯一的复制因子。人们复制习惯、故事、文字、技术和歌曲；我们改变、重组并以更大的变化将它们传递下去。第二种复制因子，进化得比基因快得多，道金斯称之为模因——它们也很自私。)”可知，理查德·道金斯认为基因和模因都很很自私。所以他会赞同“基因和模因有一个共同的特征”这一说法。故选D项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We already cpe with fast-evlving parasites such as viruses by using ur immune systems, machines and vaccines. Nw, we need t build ur cllective mental immunity, ur critical thinking and ur ability t prtect ur attentin frm all that selfish infrmatin. Taking lessns frm evlutin, we can stp imagining we are the cntrllers f ur accidentally dangerus ffspring and start learning hw t live with them.(我们已经通过免疫系统、机器和疫苗来应对病毒等快速进化的寄生物。现在，我们需要建立我们的集体精神免疫力，我们的批判性思维和我们保护我们的注意力不受所有自私信息影响的能力。从进化中吸取教训，我们可以停止想象我们是我们意外危险后代的控制者，并开始学习如何与他们相处。)”可推知，作者认为人类可以从过去战胜寄生物的经历中总结经验，从人类的进化过程中吸取教训，用来指导未来的行动，来应对人工智能这种新的威胁。所以，从最后一段中可以推出“过去的经验与未来的行动有关。”。故选D项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“We humans are in truble. We have let lse a new evlutinary prcess that we dn’t understand and can’t cntrl.(我们人类有麻烦了。我们已经释放了一个我们不理解也无法控制的新的进化过程。)”、第二段中“We invented it, the argument ges, s we shuld be able t manage it fr ur wn benefit. Nt s. I believe that this situatin is new and ptentially dangerus.(这种观点认为，我们发明了它，所以我们应该能够为了自己的利益来管理它。不是这样的。我认为这种情况是新的，而且有潜在的危险。)”和倒数第二段中“Once a digital replicatr takes ff, its prducts will evlve fr its wn benefit, nt urs.(一旦数字复制器起飞，它的产品将为自己的利益而进化，而不是为我们的利益。)”可推知，作者在文中反复表达人工智能的新进化可能会给人类来带威胁，产生负面影响。故选C项。
第二节（其5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
All the feels
Yu can make yur picture bk memrable by cncentrating n emtinal cnnectin. This wrks acrss every principle f writing, regardless f age range r genre (文体), because it is universally recgnized. ___35___
The reasn why emtinal cnnectin wrks is that emtin is a fundamental human experience. ___36___ It als brings us tgether and reminds us that althugh we have differences, peple are fundamentally the same. By bringing emtin int yur stry, yu tap int that cnsciusness. The stry feels mre real t us. It is cnsistent with us, and as a result, we have a richer reading experience.
___37___ This is useful fr yur picture bk writing, such as chsing vcabulary t use r adpting a suitable linguistic style. Once yu knw the genre f a bk, yu can think abut the kind f emtinal strytelling a reader wuld expect frm this genre.
Fr example if it’s a funny picture bk, yur reader is clearly expecting t laugh. Make sure they laugh. If it’s an adventure stry, yur reader will be expecting t feel excitement, anticipatin and prbably a little mild fear. If it’s a heartwarming stry, yur reader expects t feel warm, cmfrted and verflwing with lve. ___38___
Anther reasn fr including emtin in yur picture bk is t really get yur reader inside yur character’s head. Firstly, it helps build n the yung reader’s emtinal develpment and understanding f self and thers. ___39___ As well as caring abut character, an emtin-filled picture bk therefre keeps us n ur tes.
If yu want yur stry t stand ut amngst ther stries, give yur reader smething t remember —a strng emtinal cnnectin.
A. Secndly, it creates interest in the character.
B. It helps us make sense f the wrld arund us.
C. An emtinal ending in a picture bk wrks well.
D. When we feel smething, we will have sharp minds.
E. This is bviusly nt a cmplete list, but it is a starting pint.
F. Here is why it wrks and hw yu can use it in yur picture bk writing.
G. Picture bks have many different genres and yur jb is t knw which genre yur stry sits in.
【答案】35. F 36. B 37. G 38. E 39. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了情感联系让绘本令人难忘的原因以及如何在你的绘本写作中使用它。
【35题详解】
根据下文“The reasn why emtinal cnnectin wrks is that emtin is a fundamental human experience.(情感联系之所以有效，是因为情感是一种基本的人类体验。)”可知，空处总起全文，提出要解释情感联系在绘本中起作用的原因，F项的“Here is why”和下文的“The reasn why”对应。F项：Here is why it wrks and hw yu can use it in yur picture bk writing.(下面是为什么它会起作用，以及如何在你的绘本写作中使用它。)符合语境。故选F。
【36题详解】
根据下文“It als brings us tgether and reminds us that althugh we have differences, peple are fundamentally the same.(它也让我们走到一起，提醒我们，虽然我们有差异，但人们从根本上是相同的。)”中的“als”可知，空处和下文一起说明在绘本中运用情感联系的好处。B项：It helps us make sense f the wrld arund us.(它帮助我们理解周围的世界。)符合语境。故选B。
37题详解】
根据下文“This is useful fr yur picture bk writing, such as chsing vcabulary t use r adpting a suitable linguistic style. Once yu knw the genre f a bk, yu can think abut the kind f emtinal strytelling a reader wuld expect frm this genre.(这对你的绘本写作很有用，比如选择要使用的词汇或采用合适的语言风格。一旦你知道了一本书的文体，你就可以考虑读者希望从这种文体中看到什么样的情感故事。)”可知，本段主要讲述要首先确定绘本的文体，G项中的“genre”是本段的关键词。G项：Picture bks have many different genres and yur jb is t knw which genre yur stry sits in.(绘本有许多不同的类型，你的工作就是知道你的故事属于哪一种类型。)符合语境。故选G。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Fr example, if it’s a funny picture bk, yur reader is clearly expecting t laugh. Make sure they laugh. If it’s an adventure stry, yur reader will be expecting t feel excitement, anticipatin and prbably a little mild fear. If it’s a heartwarming stry, yur reader expects t feel warm, cmfrted and verflwing with lve.(例如，如果这是一本有趣的图画书，你的读者显然期待着笑。确保他们笑。如果这是一个冒险故事，你的读者会感到兴奋，期待，可能还有一点轻微的恐惧。如果这是一个暖心的故事，你的读者希望感受到温暖，安慰和充满爱。)”可知，上文列举了一些常见的情感类型，显然，这不是完整的清单。E项：This is bviusly nt a cmplete list, but it is a starting pint.(这显然不是一个完整的清单，但它是一个起点。)符合语境。故选E。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Firstly, it helps build n the yung reader’s emtinal develpment and understanding f self and thers.(首先，它有助于建立年轻读者的情感发展和对自我和他人的理解。)”可知，A项中的“Secndly”与上文的“Firstly”对应，一起说明了在绘本中加入情感对于读者理解角色的好处。A项：Secndly, it creates interest in the character.(其次，它创造了角色的兴趣。)符合语境。故选A。
第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节（其4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，其12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
阅读表达
Upgrade yur prblems
In 2017, I spent all my mney buying my first flat——which meant I had n mney t fix my first hmewner’s prblem. I was sleeping n an air mattress because I culdn’t affrd furniture. Then I nticed a leaky pipe under the bath, which created a wet puddle (水坑). I culdn’t affrd a plumber (水管工) but I didn’t want t intrduce myself t the neighbur by crashing thrugh their wet ceiling.
The nly ptin left fr me was that I had t slve the prblem n my wn. I tk the bus t a nearby stre and talked with the nice guy behind the cunter. He explained hw t fix it and sld me a pipe cutter and a bit f pipewrk. I went back hme, pushed my head under the bath, and gt the jb dne.
It taught me a lessn that has since becme a bit f mtt fr me: Upgrade yur prblems.
Having a wet bathrm flr is a prblem—and the day befre I bught the place, I wuld have had a landlrd t call. But nce the place was mine, this became my prblem. I saw this as prgress: Yu must wn yur wn prperty t take care f this srt f situatin.
Years later, when I funded my prfessinal services cmpany with my business partner, Adam, this mtt became cre t hw we apprach the business. There have been many prblems, and there will cntinue t be new nes. Hwever, we remember the reasn we have these prblems—it’s because we run ur wn business! A late-paying custmer is a prblem, but it’s ne we encunter nly if we have paying custmers.
That is why I still keep the pipe cutter n my desk tday. It reminds me that, n matter my level f frustratin (挫败), I am frtunate t face the prblems I d. The mre I slve them, the mre I upgrade t even better nes.
40. What did the authr ntice in his first flat?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
41. Hw did the authr slve his prblem with the bath?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement then underline it and explain why.
The authr still keeps the pipe cutter n his desk tday because it reminds him f his success in business.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
43. What else wuld yu d when yu encunter prblems in life? (In abut 40 wrds)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】40. A leaky pipe under the bath.
41. The authr went t a stre, and the guy behind the cunter explained hw t fix it. After buying a pipe cutter and a bit f pipewrk, he went hme and gt the jb dne.
42. The authr still keeps the pipe cutter n his desk tday because it reminds him f his success in business.
The authr still keeps the pipe cutter n his desk tday because it reminds him n matter his level f frustratin, he is frtunate t face the prblems he des.
43. Breaking dwn prblems is a useful way t slve prblems. Break dwn big prblems int smaller, mre specific tasks t make them easier t manage and slve. Tackle each task step by step and get clser t the final gal.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了解决问题的方法和心态。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第一段中“Then I nticed a leaky pipe under the bath, which created a wet puddle (水坑). (然后我注意到浴缸下面有一根漏水的管子，造成了一个潮湿的水坑。)”可知，作者在他的第一套公寓里注意到了浴缸下面漏水的管子。故答案为A leaky pipe under the bath.。
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第二段中“The nly ptin left fr me was that I had t slve the prblem n my wn. I tk the bus t a nearby stre and talked with the nice guy behind the cunter. He explained hw t fix it and sld me a pipe cutter and a bit f pipewrk. I went back hme, pushed my head under the bath, and gt the jb dne. (留给我的唯一选择就是我必须自己解决这个问题。我乘公共汽车去了附近的一家商店，和柜台后面的那个好人聊了聊。他向我解释如何修理它，并卖给我一个管钳和一些管道工具。我回到家，把头伸到浴缸下面，把活儿干完了。)”可知，作者咨询店员后，从商店买了修理工具，然后自己修好了水管。故答案为The authr went t a stre, and the guy behind the cunter explained hw t fix it. After buying a pipe cutter and a bit f pipewrk, he went hme and gt the jb dne.。
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章最后一段中“That is why I still keep the pipe cutter n my desk tday. It reminds me that, n matter my level f frustratin (挫败), I am frtunate t face the prblems I d. The mre I slve them, the mre I upgrade t even better nes. (这就是为什么我今天还把管钳放在我的桌子上。它提醒我，无论我有多沮丧，我都很幸运能够面对我所遇到的问题。我解决的问题越多，我就会升级到更好的问题。)”可知，直到今天，作者仍然把那把切管器放在他的桌子上，因为它提醒他，不管他有多沮丧，他都很幸运能够面对他所遇到的问题。故答案为The authr still keeps the pipe cutter n his desk tday because it reminds him n matter his level f frustratin, he is frtunate t face the prblems he des。
【43题详解】
开放试题。题目中问“当你在生活中遇到问题时，你还会做什么？”，也就是说不要和文章中的方法重复。我认为分解问题是解决问题的一种有用方法。将大问题分解为更小、更具体的任务，使其更易于管理和解决。一步一步地完成每项任务，离最终目标越来越近。故答案为Breaking dwn prblems is a useful way t slve prblems. Break dwn big prblems int smaller, mre specific tasks t make them easier t manage and slve. Tackle each task step by step and get clser t the final gal.
第二节
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校将开展以“用英文讲中国故事”为主题的交流活动。请你给英国交换生Ryan写一封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括：
1. 告知活动安排；
2. 发出邀请。
注意:
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Ryan,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Ryan,
I hpe this message finds yu well. I am writing t invite yu t participate in an exciting event rganized by ur schl. The event, titled “Telling Chinese Stries in English”, aims t prmte crss-cultural cmmunicatin and understanding. It will begin at 9 a.m. n Nvember 15th. During the event, students will share their unique Chinese stries in English. We believe yur participatin wuld add a unique perspective t the event. Please cnfirm yur availability and we will reserve a spt fr yu.
Lking frward t yur psitive respnse.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于邀请信。要求考生Ryan给英国交换生写一封邮件，邀请他参加“用英文讲中国故事”为主题的交流活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
希望：hpe → wish/expect
参与：participate in → take part in
开始：begin → start
提高：prmte →imprve
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am writing t invite yu t participate in an exciting event rganized by ur schl.
拓展句：I am writing t invite yu t participate in an exciting event which is rganized by ur schl.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I hpe this message finds yu well. (运用了省略连词that宾语从句)
[高分句型2] We believe yur participatin wuld add a unique perspective t the event. (运用了省略连词that的宾语从句)