北京市八一学校2024-2025学年高一上学期期中英语试题(无答案)(002)

这是一份北京市八一学校2024-2025学年高一上学期期中英语试题(无答案)(002)，共9页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分）
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，32分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Sam was a mtherless by wh lived with his father Curtis. T Sam, his father was his her and the nly sul with whm he felt 1 and cnnected in the wrld. Thugh uneducated and pr, Curtis recgnized and cultivated his sn's 2 in wrds like it was the mst imprtant thing in the wrld. He wuld take Sam t the public library every day.
When fate suddenly tk Curtis away frm Sam, the kid became hmeless and withdrawn frm everyne and everything. He even culdn't read a single page withut 3 at every sentence. S he turned t writing instead. And within tw mnths, the by used up six ntebks t write his thughts in ntes and petry.
One day, Mr. Murray, a father f tw bys, 4 Sam sitting utside a cafe, gripping his stmach in hunger, tears streaming dwn his face. He tk Sam hme, 5 him, and tucked him up in bed. Then he lked thrugh Sam's bag, hping t find sme number he culd call. Instead, he fund Sam's diary. He read thrugh page after page f what the 11-year-ld had been ging thrugh, trying t cry in 6 .
When Sam wke up, he fund his bks 7 arranged n a shelf, his clthes put away in a laundry bag, and the picture f his father put in a beautiful frame and placed n the study table. “This is yur hme. Yu can have all the bks yu want. I will drive yu t and frm schl every day with my bys. Nthing will stp yu frm pursuing yur dreams,” Mr. Murray said, accepting Sam’s 8 hug.
Frm that day n, Sam's life was never the same. Reading and writing never gt apart frm him. He became utging and 9 a cnfident persnality. With the lve and supprt f Mr. Murray, he fllwed his heart and studied 10 in university. By the time Sam was 30, he was the wner f a successful publishing huse.
1. A. anxius B. stressed C. excited D. safe
2. A. inspiratin B. interest C. habit D. imaginatin
3. A. shwing ff B. giving up C. calming dwn D. breaking dwn
4. A. kept B. felt C. sptted D. prevented
5. A. fed B. taught C. dragged D. pleased
6. A. hrrr B. relief C. silence D. desperatin
7. A. neatly B. hurriedly C. wisely D. naturally
8. A. plite B. tearful C. welcming D. cmfrting
9. A. replaced B. described C. develped D. strengthened
10. A. science B. gymnastics C. educatin D. literature
第二节 语法练习（共17小题；每小题1分，共17分）
Part 1 请根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。（每小题1分，共6分）
11. That smell r________ me f my grandmther.
12. After finishing the marathn, she felt a great sense f ________（满足，满意）.
13. T save time, he tk a________（捷径）thrugh the park.
14. The underdg team managed t d________ the favrites in the champinship game.
15. He q________ his jb t pursue his dream f becming a writer.
16. Playing sprts can r________ stress and anxiety.
Part 2 请阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空—白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。（每小题1分，共—11分）
A
The mst ppular martial arts tday riginated in China. Karate （空手道）was derived frm Fujian Prvince. In the 14th century, a cmmunity f Chinese migrants frm Fujian 17. ________（settle）in what was then the kingdm f Okinawa. The Chinese migrants used t gather in a park t enjy cultural activities--ne f 18. ________ was kung fu. This sn caught the attentin f lcal yuths, 19. ________ started learning kung fu. Besides, the very first Krean military 20. ________（base）n a Chinese versin, t.
B
Paul and I were n the same basketball team. We bth lved basketball and were bth huge fans f the NBA. Paul used Bgues as his 21. ________（inspire）while I preferred LeBrn James. Althugh we have different idls, we agree that ur favrite players are bth champins.
Actually, Paul was a hard-wrking by. Our cach was nt s sure. S, he was usually n the bench as a22. ________（replace）. One day, ur team was playing ur cmpetitrs, The Bears, a team 23. ________ recrd was perfect. We all agreed that it wuld be a tugh ne. In the cmpetitin, a player and I crashed int each ther. I24. ________（feel）t painful in my knee t play. S,I recmmended Paul t ur cach. At that time, ur cach had n chice but t let Paul have a try. And clearly, all the extra hurs that he 25. ________（spend）practicing alne paid ff. The ther team just culdn’t keep up with his energy and speed. He made sht after sht, and the crwd culdn’t stp 26. ________（clap）and cheering.
At last, we 27. ________（win）the game and Paul earned his place n the team.
第二部分：阅读理解 （共48分）
第一节（共19小题；每小题2分，共38分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If yu’re lking t buy a gift fr yur children, why nt keep up with the trend and get the best hverbard?
What is a Hverbard?
A hverbard is a tw-wheeled persnal transprtatin device. It’s electrical, prtable and became highly ppular in 2015 in reference t a ppular 1980’s mvie. Typically, this self- balancing device perates like a pwered skatebard.
Hw Des a Hverbard Wrk?
The device may have many designs, but the mechanism itself isn’t cmplicated. Basically, a standard hverbard cntains:
·Battery: stres the electrical pwer. Almst all hverbards use a high-watt lithium-in battery.
·Gyrscpe （ne fr each wheel）: allws riders t tilt （倾斜）the hverbard while maintaining balance and adjusting their directin.
·Mtr（ne in each wheel）: prvides the pwer t the wheels t keep the r ide r balanced and upright.
·Lgic bard: functins as the hverbard brain. It prcesses data — yur speed, tilt, etc. — and sends infrmatin t the mtrs. This unit cntrls the pwer f the bard s riders can adjust their speed.
All the abve cmpnents wrk tgether t cntrl the pwer and tilt f the hverbards s the r ide r is balanced, upright and mving at a cntrlled speed.
Why Buy a Hverbard?
Undubtedly, hverbards are cl. Yu’ve prbably seen kids riding ne arund the huse. They’re a phenmenn and everybdy wants in. S, why deny yur kids and prevent them frm being part f this trend?
Where is a hverbard legal?
Despite their wild ppularity, hverbards have yet t becme “street-legal”. Currently, sme places prhibit anyne under 16 frm using these devices, and hverbards are banned in academic institutins and public places, like campus buildings, parks, shpping malls and subway statins. Sme places have als put speed limits n the devices and restricted their use t bike paths. Hwever, pen areas— including yur yard — are free f these restrictins.
28. The lgic bard f a hverbard can ________.
A. receive data and give cmmand B. pwer the wheels
C. send infrmatin t the riders D. stre electricity
29. Accrding t the passage, a hverbard can be used ________.
A. n bike paths B. in parks C. n campus D. in shpping malls
30. What is the main purpse f this passage?
A. T evaluate a gift’s quality. B. T cmpare new hverbard mdels.
C. T recmmend a gift chice. D. T clarify functins f the latest hverbards.
B
When the COVID-19 pandemic frced the twn in Mantn, Michigan t shut dwn, Sctt Chittle decided that the cmmunity needed a safe place t cme tgether, and smething t bring sme jy during the bring winter mnths. And what is a better utdr activity t get peple utside in the cld than ice skating?
In rder t make his dream a reality, Chittle searched the Internet fr vides n hw t build an ice rink （溜冰场）. He rdered a large 3,000 square ft tarp（防水帆布）nline and bught sme wd t create the walls. It tk12 fire trucks frm the lcal fire department t get enugh water t fill the plt.
It tk a little time as Chittle went dr t dr t cnvince peple t cme and see his creatin, and sn Chittle’ s backyard ice rink became a Mantn htspt. Parents jined in t help Chittle buy secnd-hand skates and hckey sticks fr the neighbrhd children. Sn enugh, the children were skating and shting.
“We kept seeing mre things dnated. It was fantastic because the whle cmmunity just came tgether. It was amazing hw everybdy wrked tgether because f Sctt.” says neighbr Audrey Hker.
Skaters were welcme t cme at any time. And each Saturday frm 4 p. m. until 8p. m., dzens f children and their parents gathered at the ice rink fr skate parties. The children wh had been cnfined t their hmes fr almst a year laughed and shuted with jy while skating arund the rink. Parents gathered arund feeling relief that their children had fund a purpse again. It became a weekly event that neighbrs culd lk frward t and it ffered a place fr peple t see each ther in a scially distanced way.
But the kindness didn’t stp with Chittle. When the cmmunity heard hw much mney he used t make this prject happen, everyne helped. A fundraiser brught in abut $1,300, and letters sent t Chittle’s hme stuffed with cash brught in an additinal $1,500, cvering all f the csts with mney t spare. Cmpanies began sending supplies fr next year’s ice rink including utdr lights, a snw sweeping machine and shvels.
“This has been a cmmunity thing,” explains Chittle. “It’s nt just me. I want t shw the rest f the wrld what a little effrt, the best intentins, and cmmunity can d nt nly fr thers but fr the suls f all.”
31. Why did Chittle build a backyard ice rink?
A. T rganize skate parties.
B. T ffer a safe scial place and sme fun.
C. T get sme mney and utdr supplies.
D. T shw ff his creativity.
32. What did the parents d t help with the ice rink?
A. Bught skates and hckey sticks. B. Raised mney fr Chittle.
C. Filled the ice rink with water. D. Cnvinced peple t cme.
33. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. The ice rink is nly pen t children n Saturday.
B. Chittle made much mney after building the ice rink.
C. The whle cmmunity cntributed t the ice rink.
D. The parents felt relief because Chittle tk care f their children.
34. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Sctt Chittle?
A. Hnest and friendly. B. Kind and devted.
C. Humrus and plite. D. Careful and cnfident.
C
As cllege sprts cntinue t be hugely ppular and the Natinal Cllegiate Athletic Assciatin（NCAA）brings in large amunts f mney, peple have restarted the debate n whether cllege athletes shuld get paid.
Supprters f the idea believe that, because cllege athletes are bringing in audiences, they shuld receive sme srt f cmpensatin（补偿）. In fact, the NCAA brings in abut $1 billin incme a year, but cllege athletes dn’t receive any f that mney in the frm f a paycheck. Additinally, peple wh believe cllege athletes shuld be paid state that paying cllege athletes will actually encurage them t remain in cllege lnger and nt turn prfessinals as quickly, either by giving them a way t begin earning mney in cllege r requiring them t sign a cntract（合同）saying they’ ll stay at the university fr a certain number f years while making an agreed-upn salary.
Peple wh argue against the idea f paying cllege athletes believe the practice culd be disastrus fr cllege sprts. Paying athletes wuld turn cllege sprts int a bidding （竞拍）war, where nly the richest schls culd affrd tp athletes, and mst schls wuld be shut ut frm develping a talented team. It culd als harm the camaraderie within many cllege teams if players becme unhappy that certain teammates are making mre mney than they are.
Thse against paying cllege athletes als believe that the athletes are receiving enugh benefits already. The tp athletes receive schlarships that are wrth tens f thusands per year. They receive free fd and textbks, get travel bnuses and free equipment, and can use their time in cllege as a way t attract the attentin f prfessinal caches. N ther cllege students receive anywhere near as much frm their schls.
While bth sides have gd pints, it’s clear that the negatives f paying cllege athletes far utweigh the psitives. Cllege athletes have been cmpensated enugh. Adding a salary wuld result in a cllege athletic system where nly a few athletes are paid by sme schls wh enter bidding wars t sign them up, while mst student athletics and cllege athletic prgrams suffer r even shut dwn fr lack f mney. Cntinuing t ffer the present benefits t student athletes makes it pssible fr as many peple t benefit frm and enjy cllege sprts as pssible.
35. It can be learned frm Paragraph 2 that cllege athletes ________.
A. have earned what they are prmised
B. shuld sign a cntract t make an agreed-upn salary
C. tend t serve cllege lnger when paid
D. prefer t stay at university rather than turn prfessinals
36. The underlined wrd “camaraderie” in Paragraph 3 is similar t“________”.
A. spirit B. cmpetitin C. friendship D. cmmunicatin
37. Peple against paying cllege athletes believe ________.
A. schls wuld be unable t affrd it
B. it culd be harmful t cllege sprts
C. n ther cllege students receive benefits
D. students wuld value payments ver achievements
38. What is the authr’s attitude twards paying cllege athletes?
A. Uncertain. B. Satisfied. C. Expectant. D. Unsupprtive.
D
At the heart f psychlgy is understanding behavir, and understanding behavir has much t d with understanding the brain. Neurscientists（神经系统科学家）have becme mre efficient at mapping the brain and have gained mre understanding f hw the brain develps and wrks. Truly, differences in behavir as we age and between genders, are mst likely explained by the physical state f and changes in ur brains.
Arund the age f 12, it is believed that the areas f the brain that are used mst will be strengthened and cells in the brain that are nt used tend t die. What yu d with yur brain in yur teen years prbably decides hw yur brain will wrk fr the rest f yur life. If a teen spends endless hurs watching TV, the neural cnnectins that help the brain prcess TV are what will be strengthened. It is clear, therefre, that hw yung peple spend their time is f great imprtance.
Surprisingly, and different frm earlier beliefs, the brain is still develping even in the early twenties. Areas f the brain that are related t emtin, decisin making, reasning, and prblem slving are still nt fully develped. This may g sme way tward explaining why car accident rates in yung peple are significantly higher than thse amng lder peple. Yung peple dn’t have the necessary skills t make cmplex judgments while driving.
There are als differences in the way brains develp when it cmes t gender. It appears that girls are ready t prcess mre challenging infrmatin earlier than bys, with the area f the brain respnsible fr this activity peaking at the age f 14 t 16 in bys, a full tw years later than girls. In additin, studies have shwn that girls and bys prcess language input in different parts f their brains. Girls typically tend t d better than bys in language, which means that they have mre brain matter respnsible fr language skills.
This kind f research raises imprtant questins abut hw bys and girls shuld be taught in schl t maximize（使最大化）their learning. Fr example, the idea f single-sex educatin shuld perhaps be taken int cnsideratin. Experts say that we wuld d well t revisit the timing f the subjects taught in schl, as sme parts f the brain develp befre thers. Additinally, what we understand abut the teenage brain shuld perhaps be taken int cnsideratin when laws are being made with regard t the minimum（最低的）driving age.
39. Accrding t the passage, yung peple are mre likely t have car accidents because ________.
A. certain areas in their brains are nt fully develped
B. they fail t realize the imprtance f skills
C. they dn’t have the necessary skills in driving
D. their brains tend t be influenced by their emtins
40. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Earlier beliefs shw the brain is still develping in the early twenties.
B. Girls are better at language because they are devted t language learning.
C. Hw peple spend their time when they’re teenagers affects their future life.
D. Gender makes n difference when it cmes t the physical state f the brain.
41. It can be inferred frm the last paragraph that ________
A. single-sex educatin may benefit teenagers
B. the time when schl starts shuld be put ff
C. lawmakers will lwer the minimum driving age
D. the number f subjects in schl might be changed
42. Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A. Age and the Brain B. Genders and the Brain
C. The Develping Brain D. Mapping the Brain
E
The US scientists wh created the first living rbts say the life frms, knwn as xenbts, can nw reprduce — and in a way nt seen in plants and animals. Xenbts are frmed frm the stem cells f the African clawed frg（Xenpus laevis）, frm which it takes its name.
“Frgs have a way f reprducing that they nrmally use, but when yu liberate the stem cells frm the embry（胚胎）and yu give them a chance t figure ut hw t be in a new envirnment, nt nly d they figure ut a new way t mve, but they als figure ut apparentlya new way t reprduce,” said Michael Levin, a prfessr f bilgy at Tufts University, wh was c-lead authr f the new research.
Stem cells are unspecialized cells that have the ability t develp int different cell types. T make the xenbts, the researchers remved living stem cells frm frg embrys and left them t develp.
“Mst peple think f rbts as being made f metal, but it’s nt s much what a rbt is made frm but what it des, which is act n its wn n behalf f peple,” said Jsh Bngard, a cmputer science prfessr and rbtics expert at the University f Vermnt and lead authr f the study. “In that way, it’s a rbt, but it’s als clearly an rganism made frm frg cells.”
The researchers fund that the xenbts culd replicate （自我复制）. But it happened rarely and nly in specific circumstances. The xenbts used “kinetic replicatin”—a prcess that is knwn t ccur at the mlecular （分子）level.
With the help f artificial intelligence, the researchers then tested billins f bdy shapes t make the xenbts mre effective at this type f replicatin. The supercmputer came up with a C-shape that lked like Pac-Man, the1980s vide game. They fund it was able t find tiny stem cells, gather hundreds f them inside its muth, and a few days later the pack f cells became new xenbts.
“The AI didn’t prgram these machines in the way we usually think abut writing cde. It shaped and sculpted and came up with this Pac- Man shape,” Bngard said. “The shape is, in essence, the prgram. The shape influences hw the xenbts behave t speed up this incredibly surprising prcess.”
The xenbts are very early technlgy — think f a 1940s cmputer — and dn’t yet have any practical applicatins. Hwever, this cmbinatin f mlecular bilgyand artificial intelligence culd ptentially be used in many tasks in the bdy and the envirnment. This may include things like cllecting micrplastics in the ceans, inspecting rt systems and regenerative medicine. “There are many things that are pssible if we take advantage f this kind f plasticity and ability f cells t slve prblems,” Bngard said.
43. Accrding t Jsh Bngard, a rbt shuld be defined in terms f ________.
A. its reliability B. its functin C. its appearance D. its material
44. What can we learn abut xenbts frm the passage?
A. Xenbts have cpied stem cells using cmputer prgrams.
B. Specialized cells play a key rle in the replicatin f xenbts.
C. AI makes it pssible fr xenbts t replicate mre effectively.
D. The shape f xenbts was inspired frm a vide game in the 1980s.
45. What is the authr’s attitude twards future applicatins f xenbts?
A. Disapprving. B. Optimistic. C. Uncncerned. D. Objective.
46. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Fact r fantasy? Rbts can reprduce
B. Where des the unnatural replicatin prcess lead?
C. Are xenbts the future f artificial intelligence?
D. The uncertain rle f rbt reprductin
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Mve t the Music
Music helps us exercise, but why des it have this effect? 47 The first is simple: Music distracts us. When we listen t a sng we like, ur brain pays attentin t the music. Fr example, after we exercise fr 20 minutes, ur bdy might be tired. But we may nt feel this immediately while listening t music. S we exercise a little lnger.
Music als mtivates us. When we hear dance music, fr example, we naturally start t mve t the beat. An upbeat sng als puts us in a gd md, s we feel happier. This gives us energy and helps us exercise lnger. 48 Sngs in the range f 120-140 beats per minute （BPM）are the best, says sprts psychlgist Dr. Cstas Karagerghis.
49 Its leading researcher Fritz put 61 peple in small grups. They all then exercised twice. One time, each grup wrked ut while listening t music fr six minutes. Anther time, they exercised fr six minutes n special Jymmin machines. The name Jymmin is a cmbinatin f “jamming” and “gym.” Using these machines, each grup made music as they mved. The exercisers became the cmpsers and the machines became their instruments. In the end, 53 f the 61 peple said the same thing: They felt less tired when they exercised n the Jymmin machines. 50
Hw des Fritz explain this? Maybe peple did better n the Jymmin machines because they had mre cntrl, he says. Peple created the beat. They culd make it g faster r slwer. Als, the activity was scial. Each grup was making music tgether and having fun. Fritz believes that Jymmin exercise may have ther advantages, t. 51 Fr example, it may be even a gd way t treat depressin.
A. This als helps relax ur bdy and brain.
B. Music with a quick and steady beat is gd fr exercising.
C. He wants t find ut if it can help with mre serius cnditins.
D. He expects t take advantage f it t tap int peple’s ptential.
E. Experts say there are tw main reasns.
F. A new study suggests this is nly part f the explanatin, hwever.
G. When they exercise and make music, wrking ut seems t be easier.
第三部分：书面表达 （共20分）
根据中文提示和所给的关键词，将下列句子翻译成英文。（共5小题；每小题4分，共20分）
52. 他的父母认为他有能力靠自己解决这个问题。（capable）
53. 所有的汗水和辛勤工作最终都是值得的，其他一切都不能给我们更多成就感。（wrth）
54. 任何情绪低落的人都可以去跑步让自己振作起来。（定语从句）
55. 跑前热身和跑后放松非常重要，能确保我们不会受伤。（imprtant）
56. Jim厌倦了待在室内，他渴望去徒步旅行。（desire）